Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前自学导引
黑脉斑蝶的旅程
许多动物在一年中的某些特定时期从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。这种每年一次的活动叫作迁徙。他们迁徙的目的是寻找食物，寻找伴侣，或者寻找更温暖的天气。北美的黑脉斑蝶的迁徙是大自然中最令人惊奇的迁徙之一。
每年秋天，数以百万计的这些美丽的昆虫，有着精致的黑色和橙色翅膀，开始了漫长而艰难的旅程。不知怎么地，它们成功地向南行进了4,000公里，到达了加利福尼亚或墨西哥。然而，直到最近才有人知道它们是如何做到这一点的。
由华盛顿大学的Eli Schlizerman教授领导的一组科学家现在已经找到了答案。他们发现黑脉斑蝶能分辨出白天的时间。它用眼睛测量太阳的位置。这两条信息——白天的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——使得蝴蝶决定它走的路。最终，它成功到达了它过冬的地方。
解决黑脉斑蝶神奇能力之谜的办法出现在它陷入严重困境的时候。在过去的几年里，其数量锐减了90%。不幸的是，人类活动是黑脉斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。在许多可以找到黑脉斑蝶的地方，人们正在破坏着自然环境。他们砍伐树木，使用化学物质杀死黑脉斑蝶幼虫吃的植物。
然而，对黑脉斑蝶行为的研究带来了对这种生物更多的认识。人们一直在共同努力记录它的迁徙情况，确保它有足够的植物食用。如果这项工作奏效，黑脉斑蝶数量可能会再次增加。我们对这种美丽的生物了解得越多，它生存的可能性就越大，并且可以在未来很长一段时间内保持其在自然界中的地位。
课堂合作探究
1 seek v. 寻找，寻求(P50)
归纳 拓展 seek to do sth. 设法做某事 seek (for) sth. 寻找/谋求某物 seek after 追求；寻求 seek out 找出；搜出
①I am always seeking to improve my teaching method.
我一直在设法改进我的教学方法。
②He sought out his friend in the crowd.
他在人群中找到了他的朋友。
③He is a man who likes seeking after wealth and power.
他是一个喜欢追求财富和权力的人。
(1)单句语法填空
①Seeking too much fame made him unpopular.
②Now a number of college graduates are seeking (get) a high－paid job.
答案：①after ②to get
(2)单句写作
很多人年复一年地寻求心灵的平静，却很难如愿以偿。
Many people spend years ， often with little success.
答案：seeking for peace of mind
2 measure v. 量，测量；评估 linking verb 有……长/宽 n. 尺寸；措施(P50)
归纳 拓展 (1)measure ... by ... 用……来衡量…… (2)make ... to one's measure按某人的尺寸做(衣服等) (3)take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
名师点津 measure作“尺寸”讲时，常用作不可数名词；而作“措施”讲时，通常用复数形式；作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为连系动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词的形式。
①Either measure the temperature with a bath thermometer or test the water with your wrist.
要么用浴用温度计测量水温，要么用手腕试一下。
②The house is more than twenty metres long and measures six metres in width.
这座房子长20多米，宽6米。
③Youth is not measured by age but mood.
年轻不是用年龄来衡量的，而是一种心境。
④My mother made me a pair of trousers to my measure.
我妈妈按照我的尺寸给我做了一条裤子。
单句语法填空
①Education shouldn't (measure) only by examination results.
②The government has taken measures (bring) down the high prices of house.
③In the old days, my mother always made new clothes my own measure with the Spring Festival coming.
④The new bridge under construction, (measure) twice as long as the old one, will be completed next month.
答案：①be measured ②to bring ③to ④measuring
3 position n. 位置；处境，状况；地位；职位；姿势(P50)
归纳 拓展 in a(n) ... position 处于……地位/位置 in/out of position 在/不在恰当的位置 hold the position of ... 担任……的职务 take up (one's) position就位
①Where would be the best position for the lights？
这些灯装在什么位置最好？
②He's going to be in a very difficult position indeed if things go badly for him.
如果事情进展不顺利的话，他的处境将非常艰难。
③Money, fame and social position are of no interest to him.
他对金钱、名誉和社会地位都不动心。
④He held a senior position in a large company.
他在一家大公司担任高级职位。
⑤One of the cups is out of position. Put it back in position.
有只杯子位置不对，把它放回到适当的位置。
名师点津 当position作先行词后接定语从句且关系词在从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导定语从句。
(1)写出position在句子中的含义
①Can you find our position on this map？
②My husband has a good position in a government office.
③Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position.
④What would you do if in my position？
答案：①位置 ②职位 ③姿势 ④状况，处境
(2)单句语法填空
①This problem put him a difficult position.
②Sales director is a position communication ability is just as important as sales.
答案：①in ②where
4 determine v. 测定，确定；决定，决心(P50)
归纳 拓展 (1)determine to do sth. 决心做某事(表动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事 (2)determined adj. 坚决的，有决心的，果断的 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表状态) (3)determination n. 决心，决定
①We determined to fulfill the task.
我们决心完成任务。
②I have determined on/upon setting up my own business after graduation.
我已决定毕业后创业。
③My teacher's talk woke me up, and I was determined to study harder.
老师的话唤醒了我，我决定更加努力地学习。
(1)单句语法填空
①She is determined (carry) on with her education.
②She gave me a (determine) look which said she wouldn't change her mind.
③Now that you have expressed your (determine), you should act.
④I have determined going to the countryside after graduation.
答案：①to carry ②determined ③determination
④on/upon
(2)句式升级
He is determined to get ahead of others in studies, so he works day and night.(分词作状语)
→ in studies, he works day and night.
答案：Determined to get ahead of others
5 amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的(P51)
归纳 拓展 (1)amaze vt. 使吃惊 (2)amazed adj. 感到惊奇的；吃惊的 be amazed to do ... 对做某事感到惊奇 be amazed at/by 对……很惊奇 (3)amazement n. 惊讶 (much) to one's amazement 令某人(非常)惊讶的是 in amazement 惊讶地
①She was amazed at how calm she felt after the accident.
她惊奇地发现事故发生后她如此镇静。
②I was amazed to see how much she had changed.
看到她巨大的变化我感到惊讶。
③To my amazement, you have never heard of Michael Jackson.
令我惊讶的是你竟然从来没有听说过迈克尔·杰克逊。
④He looked at me in amazement, and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me.
他惊讶地看着我，好像没有认出我来似的。
名师点津 amazing指“令人吃惊的”，强调某人/某事物给他人的感受；而amazed表示本身的感觉，并不强调对他人的影响，多指“?人?感到吃惊的”，有时也可修饰look/expression/smile/tears/voice等词。
(1)用amaze的适当形式填空
①I find it that you don't know about Jay Chou.
②It me to learn that that sixteen?year?old boy should be a computer expert.
③When he heard someone calling his name, he looked back in .
答案：①amazing ②amazed ③amazement
(2)单句写作
我们很惊讶地发现没有人受伤。
We that no one was hurt.
答案：were amazed to find
6 survive vi. 活下来；幸存 vt. 幸免于；从……中逃生；比……活得长(P51)
归纳 拓展 (1)survive sth. 幸免于……，从……中艰难度过 survive on sth. 依靠……生活 survive sb. (by three years) 比……活得长(三年) (2)survival n. 幸存 (3)survivor n. 幸存者
①Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
在这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
②The company managed to survive the crisis.
公司设法渡过了危机。
③I don't know how you all manage to survive on your husband's salary.
我真不知道你们只靠你丈夫的薪水是怎样生活的。
④Scientific research shows that women tend to survive their husbands.
科学研究表明女性往往比她们的丈夫寿命长。
名师点津 survive用作及物动词表示“幸存”时，可直接跟“疾病、灾难、事故，危机”等名词，表示“从……中幸存下来”；表示“比某人长命”时，常以人作宾语。
语段填空
The couple ① the accident, but they were the only two ② . They felt lucky for their ③ . They survived mainly ④ the husband's income. Finally, the husband survived his wife ⑤ 10 years.
这对夫妇在事故中幸存下来，但他们是仅有的两名幸存者。他们为自己的幸存感到幸运。他们主要靠丈夫的收入生活。最后，丈夫比妻子多活了10年。
答案：①survived ②survivors ③survival ④on ⑤by
7 effect n. 影响，结果(P52)
归纳 拓展 (1)have an effect on/upon ... 对……有影响 bring/put ... into effect 使生效；实行，实施 come into effect 生效，开始实施 in effect 有效；在实施中；实际上 (2)effective adj. 有效的 effectively adv. 有效地
①I am sure that it will have an effect on our natural environment.
我敢肯定这会对我们的自然环境造成影响。
②The suggestions were adopted and would be brought/put/carried into effect.
这些建议得到了采纳，并被付诸实施。
③In effect, that should kill two birds with one stone.
事实上，那样会有一石二鸟的效果。
④This regulation will come/go into effect from September 1, 2019.
本章程自2019年9月1日起施行。
⑤One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
减少压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。
(1)单句语法填空
①The new rules should be put effect as soon as possible.
②As far as I'm concerned, punishment had very little effect him.
③We should take (effect) measures to protect the environment.
答案：①into ②on ③effective
(2)单句写作
新法律从四月起生效。
The new law will from April.
答案：come into effect
cut down砍倒；削减，缩小(尺寸、数量等)；降价(P51)
归纳 拓展 cut off 切断；停掉；隔绝 cut in 插嘴；插队 cut across/through 抄近路穿过
①Don't cut down the tree that gives you shade.
不要忘恩负义。(不要把给你遮荫的树砍倒。)
②He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.
他喝咖啡和吸烟都比以前少了，饮食也均衡了。
③The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
大雪隔断了这个城镇与外界的联系。
④She asked whether we could cut across the square.
她问我们是否可以抄近路穿过广场。
(1)单句语法填空
①My mother cut father's trousers to fit me.
②It is impolite to cut when other people are talking.
答案：①down ②in
(2)单句写作
①医生建议他少喝酒。
The doctor advised him to on drinking.
②当他们的孩子们住得离他们远时，这些老人就觉得自己与世隔绝了。
When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt from the world.
答案：①cut down ②cut off
The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come. 我们对这种美丽的生物了解得越多，它生存的可能性就越大，并且可以在未来很长一段时间内保持其在自然界中的地位。(P51)
剖析 “the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……，越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，the用在形容词或副词的比较级前。
归纳 拓展 (1)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构中，前一个“the＋比较级”通常相当于比较状语从句或条件状语从句，后一个“the＋比较级”通常相当于主句。 (2)在通常情况下，如果主、从句中的谓语动词是系动词be，而且主语不是代词，be常省略。 (3)“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”；如果是多音节形容词，则用“more and more＋多音节形容词原级”。
①The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.
你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。
②The taller the tree (is), the stronger the wind (is).
树大招风。
③With summer coming, the day is becoming longer and longer.
随着夏天的到来，白天变得越来越长。
单句写作
①你读的书越多，你就会获得越多的知识。
you read, you'll gain.
②情况一天比一天好。
Things are getting day by day.
③她变得越来越漂亮。
She becomes .
答案：①The more books; the more knowledge ②better and better ③more and more beautiful
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The concert will raise money for local (慈善团体).
答案：charities
2.The price of a house largely depends on its (位置).
答案：position
3.Share prices (暴跌) to an all－time low yesterday.
答案：crashed
4.Through the Panama Canal it is linked with (大西洋的) ports of Americas and Europe.
答案：Atlantic
5.The earthquake d almost the whole town.
答案：destroyed
6.No one can come up with a proper s to the problem.
答案：solution
7.The school trip has become an a event.
答案：annual
8.He was made a p at the age of 40.
答案：professor
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Success shouldn't (measure) by how much money you have.
答案：be measured
2.In order to see the sunrise, they determined (set) off early.
答案：to set
3.It is (amaze) that he should finish the task in such a short time.
答案：amazing
4. (eventual), they arrived at the destination and successfully finished their task.
答案：Eventually
5.We need food and water for (survive).
答案：survival
6.In other words, every action and (move) in Peking Opera is important.
答案：movement
Ⅲ.选词填空
interact with； find one's way ?to?； millions of； in trouble； cut down； lead to； make sure； feed on
1.Too much food and too little exercise over the holiday season can quickly unwanted pounds.
答案：lead to
2.The Great Wall is so well?known a tourist attraction that people visit it every year.
答案：millions of
3.Scientists have discovered the snakes can home even when taken up to 20 miles away.
答案：find their way
4.It is known that the cows grass.
答案：feed on
5. you have locked the door before you leave.
答案：Make sure
6.I like to others, so I have many friends.
答案：interact with
7.People used to trees and cut them up for firewood.
答案：cut down
8.He will be if he doesn't obey the traffic rules.
答案：in trouble
Ⅳ.单句写作
1.我们为人民做得越多，就越幸福。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)
we do for the people, we'll be.
答案：The more; the happier
2.如果开得太快，你可能会出事故。(if引导的条件状语从句)
， you may have an accident.
答案：If you drive too fast
3.有一段时期人们认为西红柿是有毒的。(when引导定语从句)
people thought tomatoes were poisonous.
答案：There was a time when
4.你最好听你父母的意见必要时做出改变。(状语从句的省略)
You'd better listen to your parents' advice and make changes .
答案：when necessary
5.直到完成作业他才睡觉。(not ... until)
He he finished his homework.
答案：didn't go to bed until
课后课时作业
Once upon a time in a land far away, there was a 1 old man who loved everything such as: animals, spiders, insects ...
One day 2 walking through the woods the nice old man found a cocoon (茧) of a butterfly. He 3 it home.
A few days later, a small 4 appeared; he sat and watched the butterfly for several hours 5 it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop 6 any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go 7 farther.
Then the man came up to help the 8 ， so he took a pair of scissors and 9 the remaining bit of the cocoon.
The butterfly then came out 10 .
11 it had a swollen body and small, shriveled (皱缩的) wings. The man was 12 about the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would 13 and expand to be able to support the body, which would contract (收缩) in time. However, neither happened! 14 ， the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings.
It never was able to 15 .
What the man in his kindness and haste (轻率) did not understand was that the restricting (限制) 16 and the struggle required for the butterfly to 17 the tiny opening were Nature's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its 18 from the cocoon.
Sometimes 19 are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles, it would cripple us. We would not be as 20 as what we could have been.
And we could never fly.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位善良的老人用剪刀帮助蝴蝶破茧而出，但他不知道这样做反而使蝴蝶再也不能飞翔。有时候，挣扎正是我们需要经历的，它会使我们变得更强壮。
1．A.cold B．kind
C．polite D．upset
答案：B 根据空后“old man who loved everything”可知，这是一位善良的(kind)老人，他热爱一切，如动物、蜘蛛、昆虫等。
2．A.unless B．if
C．while D．because
答案：C 一天，当这位善良的老人在树林里散步时发现了一只蝴蝶的茧。while “当……时候”。
3．A.took B．moved
C．settled D．based
答案：A 老人把它带(took)回家。take sth. home意为“把某物带回家”。
4．A.bag B．skin
C．pipe D．opening
答案：D 根据下文“it struggled to force its body through that little hole”可知，几天后，蝴蝶的茧上出现了一个小开口(opening)。opening对应下文中的hole。
5．A.and B．until
C．as D．then
答案：C 当它把身体从那个小洞里挣扎着出来时，老人坐在那儿观察它。本空中as意为“当……时候”。
6．A.making B．coming
C．getting D．suffering
答案：A 根据下文“It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could”及后面老人帮助蝴蝶破茧可知，此处是指此时的蝴蝶没有任何进展。make progress意为“取得进展”。
7．A.any B．more
C．no D．much
答案：C 根据语境可知，此处表否定含义，指蝴蝶此时似乎没有进展，好像止步不前了。go no further意为“止步不前，无法继续下去”。
8．A.bug B．butterfly
C．animal D．fly
答案：B 根据上下文的内容可知，老人决定帮助蝴蝶(butterfly)从茧中出来。
9．A.turn on B．take part in
C．cut down D．cut open
答案：D 根据前文“so he took a pair of scissors”可知，老人用剪刀把剩余的茧剪开(cut open)。
10．A.calmly B．powerfully
C．easily D．hardly
答案：C 因为老人把茧剪开了，所以蝴蝶很“容易(easily)”地出来了。
11．A.Gradually B．Even
C．So D．But
答案：D 根据设空后“it had a swollen body and small, shriveled (皱缩的) wings”可知，此处表示转折，即“蝴蝶很容易地出来了，但(but)它的身体肿胀，翅膀小而干瘪”。
12．A.looked B．lasted
C．concerned D．began
答案：C 根据下文“he expected that, at any moment, the wings would 13 and expand to be able to support the body”可知，老人盼着蝴蝶的翅膀会变大展开，故老人非常关心蝴蝶。be concerned about意为“关心”。
13．A.enlarge B．shorten
C．frighten D．darken
答案：A 根据设空后“and expand”可知，老人盼望着蝴蝶的翅膀能变大(enlarge)展开，以支撑它的身体。
14．A.At present B．In ruins
C．In fact D．On purpose
答案：C 根据语境及常识可知，事实上(In fact)这只蝴蝶在它的余生中只能拖着肿胀的身体和皱缩的翅膀爬行。
15．A.run B．fly
C．move D．walk
答案：B 根据前文内容“the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling”可知，这只蝴蝶永远不能飞(fly)了。
16．A.wing B．tail
C．head D．cocoon
答案：D 根据常识及上文内容可知，茧(cocoon)的束缚和因此带来的蝴蝶的挣扎是必要的。
17．A.go for B．go through
C．go away D．go into
答案：B 根据上文“it struggled to force its body through that little hole”可知，此处是指蝴蝶穿过(go through)小裂缝，破茧而出。go for “追求”；go away “走开”；go into “进入，调查”。
18．A.freedom B．track
C．loneliness D．route
答案：A 根据语境可知，蝴蝶一旦摆脱了茧的束缚，就获得了自由(freedom)。
19．A.struggles B．cares
C．cracks D．injures
答案：A 根据上文“the restricting (限制) 16 and the struggle required”可知，挣扎(struggles)在生活中是必要的。
20．A.weak B．hopeful
C．joyful D．strong
答案：D 如果我们的一生不经历任何的挑战，我们就不会变成本来可以变成得那么强大(strong)。
A
One night, Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti. Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar's bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door. When Pilar opened her eyes, she saw that her bedroom was filled with smoke. As she escaped her house with Inti in her arms, she saw that a fire was burning in her kitchen. Pilar could easily have lost her life, but Inti would not let that happen. Even though Inti could have escaped the house through a cat door, he wouldn't leave Pilar.
As amazing as this story is, it is not as uncommon as you may think. Take the example of Charlotte Lee and her horse, Thunder. One summer night, the whole family was asleep with the windows open. It was normally very quiet where they lived. Suddenly, there was a loud noise. Charlotte woke up from her sweet dream, and the noise continued. Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house. The next thing she saw was Thunder standing outside her window, neighing (嘶叫) and shaking his head. She knew something was wrong. Charlotte quickly got everyone out of the house before the earthquake hit. Thunder has saved her life.
There are also stories of wild animals coming to the rescue of humans. One animal known to be a friend of humans is the dolphin. Once, Todd Endris was surfing with his friends when he was attacked by a 13?foot (4?meter) shark. In the middle of the attack, a group of dolphins came to his rescue by forming a protective ring around Endris until he could get safely to shore. Without the help of the dolphins, there is little chance that Todd could have escaped.
No one is sure why animals have so often come to our rescue. However, it is clear that humans and animals enjoy a close relationship. It is important that we care for them as much as we can.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了不同的动物救人的故事，这告诉人们：动物和人类的关系很密切，我们应该尽可能多地照顾它们。
1．Why did Inti throw himself against the door?
A．He was trying to wake up his owner.
B．He wanted to get out of the room.
C．He felt bored and was playing by himself.
D．He couldn't find the way out because of smoke.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和下文“a fire was burning in her kitchen”可知，Inti用自己的身体撞门是为了唤醒自己的主人，因为厨房里着火了。
2．Before the earthquake hit, Charlotte .
A．closed the windows
B．was sleeping deeply
C．ran to warn her neighbors
D．got her horse out of the stable
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One summer night the whole family was asleep with the windows open.”可知，地震前Charlotte在熟睡。
3．Both Inti and Thunder .
A．were shy and quiet
B．used to make noise at night
C．were brave and smart
D．saved their owners several times
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“One night, Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti ... throwing himself against the closed bedroom door.”和第二段中的“Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house ... Thunder has saved her life.”可知，Inti和Thunder都很勇敢和聪明，它们通过撞门和嘶叫唤醒了处于危险中的主人。
4．Which of the following is probably Todd's feeling towards the dolphins?
A．Doubtful. B．Grateful.
C．Frightened. D．Bored.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，没有海豚的帮助，Todd几乎不可能逃脱。故可以推断出，Todd对海豚很感激。
B
There are about 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs (瓢虫) in the world. They are also known as lady beetles or ladybird beetles. They come in many different colors and patterns, but the best?known in North America is the seven?spotted ladybug, with its shiny, red?and?black body.
In many cultures, ladybugs are thought to be good luck. Most people like them because they are pretty, lovely and do no harm to human beings. But farmers love them because they eat aphids and other plant?eating pests. One ladybug can eat up 5,000 insects in its lifetime!
Most ladybugs have dome?shaped bodies with six short legs. Depending on the kind, they can have spots, stripes, or nothing at all. Seven?spotted ladybugs are red or orange with three spots on each side and one in the middle. They have a black head. Ladybugs are colorful for a reason. They tell the enemy: “Eat something else! I taste terrible.” When threatened, they may play dead. Birds are ladybugs' main predators (天敌), but they are also eaten by frogs, spiders, and dragonflies.
Ladybugs are happy in many different places, including grasslands, forests, cities, suburbs, and along rivers. Seven?spotted ladybugs are native to Europe but were brought to North America in the mid?1900s.
Ladybugs are most active from spring until fall. When the weather turns cold, they look for a warm place to hibernate, such as in rotting logs, under rocks, or even inside houses. These hibernating places can have thousands of ladybugs.
The name “ladybug” was given by European farmers who prayed to the Virgin Mary when pests began eating their crops. After ladybugs came and wiped out the invading insects, the farmers named them “beetle of Our Lady”. This later was shortened to “lady beetle” and “ladybug”.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了瓢虫的信息，包括瓢虫的生活习性、人们对瓢虫的看法、瓢虫身上颜色的作用等。
5．The underlined word “aphid” in Paragraph 2 is probably a kind of .
A．pest B．bird
C．plant D．tree
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后“other plant?eating pests(其他一些吃植物的害虫)”可知，画线词aphid是一种害虫(pest)。
6．From the third paragraph we can infer that .
A．all ladybugs have spots
B．the colorful body can protect them
C．most ladybugs are red or orange
D．frogs are not one of the predators
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ladybugs are colorful for a reason. They tell the enemy：‘Eat something else! I taste terrible.’”可知，瓢虫的颜色是为了保护自己。
7．What can't we conclude from the text?
A．Ladybugs can live along rivers.
B．Seven?spotted ladybugs were brought to Europe from North America.
C．Ladybugs are very active in autumn.
D．The name “ladybug” came from “beetle of Our Lady”．
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，瓢虫适宜生活在不同的地方，包括草原、森林、城市、郊区和河边，故A项描述的内容是正确的；根据第四段第二句可知，七星瓢虫来自欧洲，后来被引进到北美洲，故B项(七星瓢虫是从北美带到欧洲的)表述错误；根据第五段第一句可知，瓢虫春天到秋天之间最活跃，故C项表述正确；根据第六段中的“the farmers named them ‘beetle of Our Lady’. This later was shortened to ‘lady beetle’ and ‘ladybug’”可知，ladybug 的名字来自“beetle of Our Lady”，故D项表述正确。所以本题应选B项。
8．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Seven?spotted Ladybugs
B．The Development of Ladybugs
C．The History of Ladybugs
D．Ladybugs
答案：D 标题判断题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了瓢虫的信息，包括瓢虫的生活习性、人们对瓢虫的看法、瓢虫身上颜色的作用等。故D项正确。
假设你校计划进行一次宣传活动，主题是保护人类共同的朋友——动物。现请你就此写一份宣传材料，内容包括动物的生存现状、动物对于人类的重要性等，并且在最后提出倡议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear friends，
Have you noticed that the number of rare animals is on the decrease?
[精彩范文]
Dear friends，
Have you noticed that the number of rare animals is on the decrease? With our environment going worse, many animals can't adapt themselves to the new changes so that many species are endangered or have even died out. Besides, human activity also has a great influence on them. For example, people often kill them in order to get their meat or fur.
Animals are our friends. They play an important role in keeping the balance of nature. We can't live without them. What's more, both humans and animals should share the earth equally. To show our love to animals can definitely help us live more happily.
To conclude, please remember your care can make a difference. Join us in protecting our best friends—animals.
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(共103张PPT)
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前自学导引
课堂合作探究
课后课时作业
本课结束
Period Ⅱ Using language——Grammar & Vocabulary
Grammar(定语从句2)
课前自主预习
[观察句子，总结规律]
①Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to places where they will spend the winter.
②The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
③Unfortunately, human activity is the main reason why the monarch numbers are falling.
[我的发现]
通过观察可知：
(1)句①中定语从句的引导词是关系 ，在定语从句中充当 状语，定语从句修饰表示 的名词places。
(2)句②中定语从句的引导词是关系 ，在定语从句中充当 状语，定语从句修饰表示 的名词time。
(3)句③中定语从句的引导词是关系 ，在定语从句中充当 状语，定语从句修饰表示 的名词reason。
答案：(1)副词；地点；地点 (2)副词；时间；时间
(3)副词；原因；原因
精讲课时语法
关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。先行词通常为表示时间的名词，如：time, day, week, year等。
I cannot forget the day when I first saw you.
我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。
(2)where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。先行词通常有：place, street, house, city, country以及一些抽象意义的名词，如 point, case, position, condition, situation等。
This is the house where they lived a week ago.
这是一个星期前他们住过的房子。
(3)why指原因或理由，先行词只有reason。
The reason why she did it is still a mystery.
她为什么做那件事仍是一个谜。
名师点津
(1)这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于“介词＋which”结构：
①when＝on (in, at, during ... ) ＋which
②where＝in (at, on ... ) ＋which
③why＝for which
(2)当先行词是表示时间的time, day等或表示地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语，关系词应用which或that，缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where。
I still remember the day (which/that) we spent together in the city.
我仍然记得我们在那座城市一起度过的那一天。
This is the room where (in which) Lao She once lived.
这是老舍曾经居住过的房间。
单句语法填空
1．I still remember the village is quiet and peaceful.
答案：that/which
2．I still remember the village we stayed for three days.
答案：where
3．The photo reminded me of the days we spent together in the summer camp.
答案：that/which
4．The photo reminded me of the days I played hide?and?seek with my sisters.
答案：when
5．The reason he told me is different from yours.
答案：that/which
6．The reason he was late was that his car broke down on the way.
答案：why
Vocabulary
accommodation n. 住处，工作场所；食宿；膳食供应(P53)
归纳 拓展 (1)make/provide accommodations for 为……提供食宿 (2)accommodate vt. 容纳(乘客)；向……提供膳宿；使适应，顺应 accommodate sb. with sth. 给……提供…… accommodate ... to ... ＝adapt ... to ... 使……适应/迎合……(其中to为介词) accommodate oneself to 使自己适应…… accommodate sb. for the night 留某人过夜
①After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodations for the homeless families.
地震之后，当地政府首先做的是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。
②The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
这家酒店最多可供500名客人住宿。
③It was very kind of you to accommodate me with the ticket for my journey.
你真是太好了，为我提供旅行的车票。
④Wherever he goes, he readily accommodates himself to the changed conditions.
无论去哪里，他都能很快地适应变化的环境。
⑤We can accommodate him for the night.
我们能让他住一夜。
(1)单句语法填空
①The price for the holiday includes flights and (accommodate)．
②Can you accommodate me a car?
答案：①accommodations ②with
(2)单句写作
你必须使自己适应新的环境。
You must the new environment.
答案：accommodate yourself to
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．China is the only country wild pandas can be found.
答案：where
2．The reason I don't trust him is that he often tells lies.
答案：why
3．I still remember the happy days I lived in the countryside.
答案：when
4．He wanted to know the reason I was late for the meeting.
答案：why
5．First?class (accommodate) is available on all flights.
答案：accommodation
6．We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
答案：when
7．Self?driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
答案：where
8．They get their money from various (source).
答案：sources
Ⅱ.用含有关系副词引导的定语从句合并下列句子
1．I'll never forget the moment. I first met Tom then.
→
答案：I'll never forget the moment when I first met Tom.
2．Give me one good reason. I should help you for the reason.
→
答案：Give me one good reason why I should help you.
3．Is this the classroom? The old worker is going to give us a report in the classroom.
→
答案：Is this the classroom where the old worker is going to give us a report?
4．Gone are the days. Farmers lived in the poor houses in those days.
→
答案：Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.
5．Cheating is most likely in situations. The chances of getting caught are low in this situation.
→
答案：Cheating is most likely in situations where the chances of getting caught are low.
6．Can you tell me the reason? You sold your new car for the reason.
→
答案：Can you tell me the reason why you sold your new car?
7．What I can never forget is the night. We took a walk in the park at that night.
→
答案：What I can never forget is the night when we took a walk in the park.
8．Many countries are now setting up national parks. Animals and plants can be protected in the national parks.
→
答案：Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．大学必须为一年级学生提供学生宿舍。
Universities have to first－year students.
答案：provide student accommodation for
2．他告诉我的理由是合理的。
The reason is reasonable.
答案：that/which he told me
3．这是一个人们生活在和平与幸福中的时代。
This is an age .
答案：when people live in peace and happiness
4．我是来向你解释我缺席你生日派对的原因。
I have come to explain the reason your birthday party to you.
答案：why I was absent from
5．这座城镇是英格兰移民于1790年建立的。
The town English settlers in 1790.
答案：was founded by
课后课时作业
Up until now, it has been believed big cats like the leopard (豹) originated in parts of Africa. However, an ancient skull unearthed recently indicates that big cats originated in central Asia—not Africa as widely thought, paleontologists (古生物学家) reported on Wednesday.
Dated at between 4.1 million and 5.95 million years old, the fossil is the oldest remains ever found of a pantherine felid, as big cats are called. The previous felid record holder—a tooth fragment (碎片) found in Tanzania—is estimated to be around 3.8 million years old.
The evolution of big cats has been hotly discussed, and the issue is complicated by a lack of fossil evidence to settle the debate.
“This find suggests that big cats have a deeper evolutionary origin than previously suspected，” said Jack Zeng, a paleontologists of the University of Southern California who led the probe (调查)．
Zeng and his team made the find in 2010 in a remote border region in Tibet. The fossil was found stuck among more than 100 bones that were probably deposited by a river that exited a cliff. After three years of careful comparisons with other fossils, using DNA data to build a family tree, the team is convinced the creature was a pantherine felid.
The weight of evidence suggests that central or northern Asia is where big cats originated some 16 million years ago. They may have lived in a vast mountain shelter, formed by the uplifting Himalayas, feeding on equally remarkable species such as the Tibetan blue sheep. They then dispersed (分散) into Southeast Asia, evolving into the clouded leopard, tiger and snow leopard families, and later movements across continents saw them evolve into jaguars and lions.
The newly discovered felid has been called Panthera Blytheae, after Blythe Haaga, daughter of a couple who support a museum in Los Angeles, the university said in a news release.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。人们一直认为，像豹这样的大型猫科动物的起源地是非洲，但是最近古生物学家有了新的发现，最后得出的结论是它们的起源地在亚洲的中部。
1．According to the passage, why is the origin of big cats a hot issue?
A．Because not many fossils have been found.
B．Because they moved across continents.
C．Because no equipment was available for accurate analysis.
D．Because they have evolved into many different species of felid.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，大型猫科动物的进化一直以来都是人们热烈讨论的问题，而且这是一个复杂的问题，因为缺乏解决问题的化石作为证据。该段提供的信息正好和A项符合，故选A项(因为没有发现很多化石)。
2．Where was the new felid fossil found?
A．In Tanzania. B．In Tibet.
C．In California. D．In Southeast Asia.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Zeng and his team made the find in 2010 in a remote border region in Tibet.”可知，曾和他的团队于2010年在西藏一个偏远的边境地区有了新的发现。
3．What is the purpose of this passage?
A．To promote wildlife conservation.
B．To report on a new find in paleontology.
C．To introduce a new animal species.
D．To compare the family trees of pantherine felids.
答案：B 推理判断题。本篇文章的中心段是第一段，作者告诉我们：最近出土的一个古代的头骨表明大型猫科动物起源于亚洲中部，而不是大家广泛认为的非洲。下文就此新发现进行了详细的说明，由此可以推断出这篇文章的目的是报告在古生物学上的新发现，故选B项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cats in ancient Egypt
Many of us love cats. They are beautiful, soft, clever and loving. The ancient Egyptians (埃及人) considered cats, also known as Mau, to be very important. They honored them with great respect. 1
For one thing, cats helped people by keeping their homes free of mice, rats, and snakes. Without cats Egypt could not have been the important grain?growing (谷物种植) center that it was. 2 For another, cats were also trained to help hunters. 3
The Egyptians loved cats so much that Bast, an Egyptian goddess, was pictured in the form of a cat. Bast appeared in artwork. She was the protector of the house. This idea made a special connection between cats and children. 4
The safety of all cats was of great concern to ancient Egyptians. 5 Foreigners sometimes took cats out of Egypt secretly and took them to other lands. Egyptian soldiers were sent to pick up cats found in other countries and bring them back home to Egypt.
A．There were good reasons for that.
B．Two types of cats appeared in ancient Egypt.
C．In grain fields, cats helped catch rats and mice.
D．They were able to help pick up the wounded birds.
E．There were even laws against getting a cat out of Egypt.
F．Anyone who killed a cat on purpose would be put to death.
G．That's why most Egyptian families had cats for good luck.
1．A 根据第二段中的“For one thing, cats helped people by keeping their homes free of mice, rats, and snakes.”和“For another, cats were also trained to help hunters.”可知，作者对古埃及人喜爱猫的原因进行了分析，故A项(这是有充分理由的。)符合语境。
2．C 根据设空前一句“Without cats Egypt could not have been the important grain?growing (谷物种植) center that it was.”可知，要是没有猫来帮助消灭老鼠的话，古埃及不可能成为重要的谷物种植中心，故C项(在谷地里，猫帮助捕捉老鼠。)符合语境。
3．D 根据设空前一句“cats were also trained to help hunters”可知，猫也被训练来帮助猎人。故D项(它们能够帮助捡起受伤的鸟。)符合语境。
4．G 由本段所讲述的家庭守护神Bast可知，在古埃及很多家庭都饲养猫以求好运，故选G项。
5．E 由设空下一句“Foreigners sometimes took cats out of Egypt secretly”和“Egyptian soldiers were sent to pick up cats found in other countries and bring them back home to Egypt.”可知，有法律规定不许将猫带出埃及，故选E项。
Brownie and Spotty were neighbor dogs who met every day to play together. They did it so often 1 they had worn a path through the grass of the field between their houses.
2 (luck), one evening, Brownie didn't return home. His family went looking for him but with no 3 (succeed). To make things 4 (bad), though his family made their efforts to find him, by the next week he was still missing. This made the whole family 5 (concern) a lot about Brownie. Just then, his friend Spotty showed up, barking and whining (怒叫), but the crazy family ignored the little nervous dog. The determined dog, however, kept 6 (bark), which made Brownie's owner Ted tired of him. Finally, Spotty refused 7 (take) “no” for an answer. He dragged Ted about and led him to an empty ground 8 Brownie was trapped and couldn't move. Ted suddenly realized the whole story. Then Ted noticed that Spotty 9 (do) more than just leading Brownie's human owner to his friend. During the past days, 10 was Spotty that protected and stayed with him at night to warm him.
1． 2. 3. 4.
5． 6. 7. 8.
9． 10.
答案：1.that 2.Unluckily 3.success 4.worse 5.concerned 6.barking 7.to take 8.where 9.had done 10.it
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Alex stared through the cabin window at the darkness. Soon his dad would call him. “We're ready，” Dad said as he came in from the porch. “Grab your rod.” Alex turned away from the window and slowly picked up his fishing rod.
“We should have done this before，” Dad said. “Let's go catching a big one! Maybe we can see some rare insects and animals, such as fireflies (萤火虫) and whippoorwills (北美夜鹰)！”Dad picked up his tackle box, rod, and bait can from the porch.
They walked down the hill toward the lake. The only thing Alex could see was the circle of weeds and rocks at their feet.
Insect voices filled his ears. Hundreds of bugs waited in the dark to attack. “Mosquitoes，” Dad said. “I brought some spray to keep them off.”
Suddenly something rushed past Alex's head. He gasped. “What was that？”
“Probably a bat，” Dad said.
“Will bats be flying around our heads the whole time？” “This is their time to be out catching insects，” Dad explained. “They won't hurt you.” He pushed the boat off the gravel and jumped in.
Dad rowed to the middle of the lake and stopped. “We'll just let the boat drift for a while. Keep the flashlight in the bottom of the boat. The fish won't bite if they see light flashing around. When we're done baiting our hooks, we'll turn the light off.”
Leaning down to get closer to the light, Alex tried to thread a worm on his hook, but he couldn't seem to work his fingers right. So what if the worm was only partly on the hook? He didn't want to fish anyway. He didn't even want to be here.
Dad switched off the flashlight, and the night fell over them like a heavy cape. “I can't see anything，” Alex said weakly.
“The moon's half full. It gives us some light，” Dad said.
Alex looked up. Surely enough, there was the moon. And he could see the shoreline and the dark forms of trees.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Looking into the trees on the shore, Alex noticed tiny points of light twinkling there.
Paragraph 2：
Dad took a sandwich from his jacket pocket and handed it to Alex.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。夜色中，Alex和父亲来到湖边，安好鱼饵，投放好鱼钩，在湖边静静地等着。夜色中，Alex会看到、听到什么呢？
[精彩范文]
Paragraph 1：
Looking into the trees on the shore, Alex noticed tiny points of light twinkling there. The longer he looked, the more flashes he saw in the dark. They looked like stars that came down from the sky. “Look, Dad, fireflies！”“Perfect！” Dad nodded. A loud whistling sound erupted from the woods. “Listen！” said Dad. “It's the whippoorwill. We're really lucky to hear the whippoorwill！” Alex had never heard such an odd, exciting call—sad but quick. It blocked out everything else. Indeed, the other night creatures seemed to stay quiet for a while to listen to the whippoorwill.
Paragraph 2：
Dad took a sandwich from his jacket pocket and handed it to Alex. “We might get hungry.” Alex unwrapped it and took a big bite. “My favorite！” After a while Dad rowed into the shore. They did not catch a big one—only three small fish and they put them back into the lake. But they had a good time. They tied up the boat and walked back to the cabin through the light of the fireflies.
PAGE
- 1 -
(共57张PPT)
Period Ⅱ Using language——Grammar & Vocabulary
课前自主预习
精讲课时语法
课后课时作业
本课结束
Period Ⅲ Developing ideas
课前自学导引
与大自然的接触
作为一名自然摄影师，我必须勇敢地面对各种恶劣环境。但是，尽管刮风下雨，我仍然喜欢在野外工作。这份工作最好的一点是你可以在自然环境中观察动物。
我最喜欢拍照的地方是黄石国家公园。作为世界上第一个国家公园，黄石公园以其野生动物的多样性而闻名，但它可能最以熊而闻名。这些巨大而强壮的动物可以活三十年。尽管体重高达300公斤，但它们可以以每小时大约64公里的速度奔跑，同时它们也是游泳高手。
去年春天在黄石公园，我沿着一条小路穿过一片黑暗的森林。当我终于走出树林时，景色令人惊叹。一只鹰飞过白雪皑皑的群山，山体倒映在山下平静的湖面上。当我专注于拍摄这一令人惊叹的景色时，我突然有一种感觉，有东西正在看我。慢慢地，仍然举着相机在眼边，我转过身来……呆住了。离我只有几米远的地方有一只熊。水从它浓密的棕色头发上落下，那只熊回头盯着我。时间静止不动，熊和我都在等待谁先行动。我的腿开始发抖。不知怎么地，我强迫我的手指按下快门。一秒钟后，熊转身跑回森林。当我从震惊中回过神来时，我看了看我的相机。我最可怕但最神奇的经历现在永远被拍摄在一张照片中。
我时不时地看看这张照片，作为对所有动物表示尊敬的提醒。毕竟我们是它们世界的访客。
课堂合作探究
1 variety n. [C]种类，品种 [U]变化，多样性(P56)
归纳 拓展 (1)a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的 (2)vary v. (使)变化，不同 vary from ... to ... 从……到……不同 vary with ... 随……而变化 (3)various adj. 各种各样的 (4)variation n. 变化
①A variety of products are sold at a supermarket.
在超市，各种各样的商品均有出售。
②Traditions and customs vary from place to place.
传统和风俗习惯因地而异。
③Prices vary with the quality.
价格随质量不同而变化。
④Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons.
由于种种原因，每个人到达聚会的时间都很晚。
单句语法填空
①There are (variety) kinds of wild animals in this area.
②Wedding traditions and customs vary one country another.
③ (variety) of books have been published.
答案：①various ②from; to ③Varieties
2 concentrate v. 集中(注意力、思想等)(P57)
归纳 拓展 (1)concentrate ... on/upon ... 把……专注于…… (2)concentrate on/upon ... 专注于…… (3)concentration n. 专心，集中
①We must concentrate our attention on protecting the water resources.
我们必须把注意力集中在保护水资源上。
②How can I concentrate on my study with so much noise going on?
现在这么吵，我怎么能安心学习呢？
单句语法填空
①It's the sort of work that calls for a high level of (concentrate)．
②I can't concentrate my work with several children shouting loudly outside.
③With his attention (concentrate)on his book. He didn't notice someone entering his room.
答案：①concentration ②on/upon ③concentrated
after all毕竟，归根结底，终究(P57)
归纳 拓展 in all 总共 above all 尤其是，最重要的是(强调重要性) all the time 始终，一直 all of a sudden＝suddenly 突然，冷不防地
①All of a sudden the lights went out.
突然，灯都灭了。
②After all, you are a student now, and you should study hard.
毕竟，你现在是个学生，你应该努力学习。
③She spent twenty yuan in all.
她总共花了20元。
单句写作
①这封信一直揣在我口袋里。
The letter has been in my pocket .
②要想成为伟人，你必须聪明、自信，最重要的是要诚实。
To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ， honest.
③她总共换了8次演出服。
， she has eight costume changes.
④这也不能怪他，毕竟他头一回做嘛！
He's not to blame. ， it was the first time he'd done it.
答案：①all the time ②above all ③In all ④After all
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The FBI keeps (档案) on former White House employees.
答案：files
2．Cost was a key (要素) in our decision.
答案：element
3．She hasn't got over the (震惊) of seeing him again.
答案：shock
4．Let's think of a situation where this (习语) can be used.
答案：idiom
5．He is universally recognized as an a on Russian affairs.
答案：authority
6．If the temperature drops below 0 ℃， water f .
答案：freezes
7．I am deeply attracted by the photographs taken by the famous p .
答案：photographer
8．Music even helps patients feel better and helps them r faster and better.
答案：recover
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I tried shaking him but there was no (react).
答案：reaction
2．You should know it's impolite to stare others.
答案：at
3．All these rules must (observe) by all the students.
答案：be observed
4．This is the biggest problem that I (encounter) in my job.
答案：have encountered
5．It's (freeze) cold outside so you must put on more clothes.
答案：freezing
6．He had to overcome (variety) of difficulties while traveling.
答案：varieties
7．We decided to brave elements and finish our task as planned.
答案：the
8．This medicine is quite beneficial to your (recover) after the operation, providing you take it as told.
答案：recovery
Ⅲ.选词填空
a variety of； concentrate on； after all； be famous for； at a speed of； brave the elements； do good to； from time to time
1.It is important for children to have their teeth checked .
答案：from time to time
2．It is hard for a child to one thing for a long time.
答案：concentrate on
3．Weifang is home to kites, where you can buy kites.
答案：a variety of
4．The restaurant its good service which attracts a lot of customers.
答案：is famous for
5．Journalists (记者) always to report the news.
答案：brave the elements
6．Humour can always keep you in high spirits, which will both your mental and physical health.
答案：do good to
7．Forgive him for what he has done and give him a chance to correct his mistake. ， he is only a child.
答案：After all
8．China's new?generation high?speed train, the Fuxing, is now one of the fastest trains in the world, which can travel 350 km/h.
答案：at a speed of
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．我上次见她大约是16年前了。(the last time)
was about sixteen years ago.
答案：The last time I saw her
2．他没到校的原因是他生病了。(the reason why ... is that ... )
he got ill.
答案：The reason why he didn't come to school was that
3．是在会议上我第一次见到她。(for the first time)
It was in the meeting that .
答案：I met her for the first time
4．两国之间的友谊可追溯到古代。(date back to)
The friendship between the two countries ancient days.
答案：dates back to
5．他坐在那里，眼睛看着天空。(with复合结构)
He sat there, .
答案：with his eyes looking at the sky
课后课时作业
When 69?year?old Dobrgyal started looking after the wild macaques (猕猴) at a scenic spot in China's Tibet Autonomous Region, their population 1 only 40－50. Today, 18 years later, that same place is 2 to over 2,800 Tibetan macaques.
Dobrgyal's relationship with the Tibetan macaques has been described as a 3 love story between man and monkeys. A former 4 keeper, Dobrgyal has been driving 5 km almost every day just to feed the macaques, show them 5 and make sure they are healthy. 6 ， he has even taken some of the sick animals home and 7 them back to health.
China. org. cn reports that Dobrgyal has been the only one working as a 8 in the Gongbo'gyamda area for the last 18 years, and 9 him as the main reason that the macaque population is rising.
Tibetan macaques are a(n) 10 species in China, and their food is provided by the Gongbo'gyamda forestry bureau (局), but it's Dobrgyal who loads the bags into his truck and 11 it to the monkeys personally. Thanks to his 12 ， the macaques have become very 13 with tourists, many of whom also help to 14 the animals.
Having dedicated almost two decades of his life to the macaques, Dobrgyal now 15 himself about what will happen to them if his physical 16 no longer allows him to take care of them properly.
“Now I'm so old, nearly 70 years old，” Dobrgyal said recently. “In the 17 of my life I will do my best to take care of the monkeys, but if someday my health 18 me feeding them anymore, I will have my sons replace me.”
19 ， the furry creatures will be able to rely on their 20 human father for many years to come.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要叙述了在Dobrgyal的努力下，野生猕猴的数量增加了，同时他们之间也建立了一份真挚的感情。
1．A.numbered B．reduced
C．confirmed D．turned
答案：A 根据下文“Today, 18 years later, that same place is 2 to over 2,800 Tibetan macaques.”的提示可知，此处表示它们的数量总共(numbered)只有40到50只。
2.A.seen B．fun
C．home D．known
答案：C 根据上文“looking after the wild macaques (猕猴) at a scenic spot in China's Tibet Autonomous Region”的描述可知，18年后的今天，这里是2,800多只西藏猕猴的聚集地(home)。be home to “是……的故乡/所在地/发源地”。
3.A.mouthwatering B．heartbreaking
C．breathtaking D．heartwarming
答案：D 根据下文“Dobrgyal has been driving 5 km almost every day just to feed the macaques, show them 5 and make sure they are healthy”的描述可知，此处为Dobrgyal和西藏猕猴之间的关系被描述为人类和猴子之间的一个暖人心扉的(heartwarming)爱的故事。mouthwatering “令人垂涎的”；heartbreaking “使人心碎的”；breathtaking “惊人的”。
4.A.forest B．house
C．garden D．soccer
答案：A 根据上文中的“looking after the wild macaques (猕猴) at a scenic spot”可推知，此处应为Dobrgyal以前是一个森林(forest)看守人。
5.A.honor B．respect
C．affection D．mercy
答案：C 根据上文“Dobrgyal's relationship with the Tibetan macaques has been described as a 3 love story between man and monkeys.”的描述可知，此处为向它们表达喜爱之情(affection)，并确保它们是健康的。
6.A.In return B．On occasion
C．In vain D．On purpose
答案：B 根据上文“Dobrgyal has been driving 5 km almost every day just to feed the macaques, show them 5 and make sure they are healthy”的描述可知，此处
前后形成语意上的衔接，所以此处为偶尔(On occasion)，他也带一些生病的猴子回家照顾。
7.A.expected B．sent
C．forced D．nursed
答案：D 根据上文“he has even taken some of the sick animals home”的描述可知，此处为照顾(nursed)它们直到它们恢复健康。
8．A.feeder B．leader
C．friend D．farmer
答案：A 根据上文“Dobrgyal has been ... just to feed the macaques”的描述可知，此处表示作为唯一的饲养员(feeder)。
9．A.guesses B．credits
C．assumes D．questions
答案：B 根据上文“China.org.cn reports that Dobrgyal has been the only one working as a 8 in the Gongbo'gyamda area for the last 18 years”的描述可知，此处前后形成并列关系，表示“并认为猕猴数量上升是Dobrgyal的功劳”。credit sb. as sth. “认为某人……”。
10．A.aggressive B．protected
C．dangerous D．controlled
答案：B 根据常识和空后的“and their food is provided by the Gongbo'gyamda forestry bureau (局)”可知，西藏猕猴在中国是受保护的(protected)动物。
11．A.donates B．declares
C．returns D．delivers
答案：D 根据空前的“loads the bags into his truck and”可知，此处为亲自把食物送给(delivers)猴子。
12．A.wisdom B．bravery
C．efforts D．intentions
答案：C 根据上文所述可知，多亏了Dobrgyal所付出的努力(efforts)。
13．A.popular B．confident
C．shy D．cautious
答案：A 由该空后的“many of whom also help”可推断西藏猕猴在游客中很受欢迎。
14．A.raise B．feed
C．buy D．observe
答案：B 此处表述许多游客也帮忙去喂养(feed)它们。
15．A.concerns B．advises
C．predicts D．comments
答案：A 根据下文的“what will happen to them if his physical 16 no longer allows him to take care of them properly”可知，让Dobrgyal担心(concerns)的是如果他的身体不再允许他充分地照顾猕猴了怎么办。
16．A.age B．body
C．attitude D．condition
答案：D physical condition “身体状况”。
17．A.process B．middle
C．rest D．next
答案：C 根据上文“Now I'm so old, nearly 70 years old”的描述可知，此处表示“在我的余生中(In the rest of my life)”。
18．A.keeps B．permits
C．allows D．prevents
答案：D 根据上文的“In the 17 of my life I will do my best to take care of the monkeys”可知，此处前后形成转折，也即“但如果有一天我的健康状况阻止(prevents)我再喂养它们，我会让我的儿子们接替我”。prevent sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”。
19．A.Unfortunately B．Hopefully
C．Generally D．Actually
答案：B 根据空后的“the furry creatures will be able to rely on their 20 human father for many years to come”可知，此处为表达希望，故hopefully “有望”符合语境。
20．A.official B．typical
C．adoptive D．spiritual
答案：C 这些毛茸茸的动物在未来的许多年里将有望能够依靠收养它们的人类父亲生存。adoptive “收养的”，符合语境。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Top Ways to Spend the Holiday Season with Pets
Taking a nap is a great way to refresh during the holidays, and a nap with your dog or cat (or both) is an excellent bonding opportunity.
Holiday time is here. The decorating, the shopping, the cooking, the cleaning, the wrapping ... 1
In the season's craziness，our furry family members tend to get ignored or over?stimulated (过度刺激的). 2 But they don't have to: be sure to pay attention and give them a break from the activity when they need it and add them to the fun when they don't.
●Rest time.
If your pet seems stressed, have a safe place for him away from activity. Cats should have a quiet, cozy spot to sleep with food, water, and their litter box. 3 Be sure to have a soft area for sleep, a toy or two, water, and some food. But you might need a nap, too, to refresh for holiday festivities. So use this time to take one together.
● 4
Many Christmas tree farms welcome pets on a leash (皮带). Your pet will just love being with you outdoors while you share one of the season's most honored traditions—picking out the perfect tree. Just be sure to call the farm first to confirm that pets are welcome ... and you have a new annual tradition.
●Go to have a catch.
Give your pup a good run and wear him out ahead of when company visits. 5 This way, he'll be happy and relaxed when greeting guests. Dog parks are ideal as pups can run, chase tennis balls, and socialize with others. Always remember to walk to and from the park with your pup on a leash and poop bags in hand.
A．Keep pets on a leash.
B．Dogs love playing catch.
C．Dogs might also need one.
D．But where do our pets fit in?
E．Pick out the family Christmas tree.
F．As a result, pets can experience restlessness and anxiety.
G．Many pets would love to be included in some of the activities.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。如何在假期和宠物一起度过一段美好时光？作者给我们提出了几条建议。
1．D 根据设空前的“The decorating, the shopping, the cooking, the cleaning, the wrapping ... ”可知，我们通常在假期会把时间花在装饰、购物、烹饪、打扫等事情上，D项表示“但我们把宠物置于何地？”与上文衔接紧凑，符合语境。故选D项。
2．F 根据设空上一句“In the season's craziness, our furry family members tend to get ignored or over?stimulated (过度刺激的)．”可知，此处应选F项，指“这样的话，宠物可能休息不好或焦虑”，与上句构成因果关系，符合语境。故选F项。
3．C 根据设空上一句“Cats should have a quiet, cozy spot to sleep with food, water, and their little box.”及设空
下一句“Be sure to have a soft area for sleep, a toy or two, water, and some food.”可知，此处列举了猫需要有舒适的地方来休息。故C项“狗也需要一个这样的地方”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。
4．E 文章倒数第二段主要介绍了作者建议我们带着宠物去挑选圣诞树。故E项“挑选家庭圣诞树”符合题意，适合作本段标题。故选E项。
5．B 根据本段标题中的关键词“catch”和设空下一句“This way, he'll be happy and relaxed when greeting guests.”可知，B项“狗喜欢玩接球”符合语境。故选B项。
The first Edinburgh International Festival 1 (hold) 71 years ago. Its first big success came in the following year 2 an adaptation of The Thrie Estaites was performed. From then on, the Festival has 3 (gradual) grown to become one of the most popular arts festivals in the world. As the founders of the Festival believed, the Festival programs have enriched the 4 (culture) life of Britain and even Europe.
The Festival focuses on the fields of music, art, dance and theatre. 5 (bring) together the best artists from around the world, the Festival has earned 6 good reputation, which has done much to draw the visitors' attention to the various shows that take place all over the city.
Each year during the summer 7 (month), Edinburgh becomes the world's Festival City. It is the huge range of artistic events, performances and exhibitions that 8 (make) Edinburgh unforgettable. It makes you feel that there is always something else happening around the corner which you are missing and 9 any given night of the Festival, you can choose 10 (watch) “The Girl on the Sofa”， a play by Joan Fosse, and the opera Parsifal, among many other options.
1． 2. 3. 4.
5． 6. 7. 8.
9． 10.
答案：1.was held 2.when 3.gradually 4.cultural
5．Bringing 6.a 7.months 8.makes 9.on 10.to watch
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The mind of an elephant should not be underestimated. They are intelligent animals born with both excellent memory and artistic talent. Elephants eat about 495 pounds of vegetarian food a day. They spend about 16 hours a day eating, but must walk about 4 miles a day in search of food. The average elephant lives about 70 years, and its sharp memory allows it to remember places where it has found food as long as 30 years earlier, even as a baby.
In an elephant's travels, it comes across other elephants also looking for food. Some elephants are friendly, and some are not so nice. Elephants remember every elephant they have ever met. They can even recognize an elephant they perhaps haven't seen for 30 years. They immediately remember whether this elephant is an enemy or a friend.
When elephants are not searching for food, they sometimes produce art in the sand with their trunks. They seem to enjoy just relaxing and painting in the sand. One day, an elephant zookeeper noticed this and gave an elephant a paintbrush filled with red paints to see if the elephant would paint on a canvas (画布). Sure enough, it did, and since then elephants in most zoos have been given paintbrushes, paints, and canvases. The resulting abstract art has been sold for high prices around the world. The money goes to support the elephants in the zoos. Most felt that the elephants were only capable of painting abstracts. However, they have been trained to paint trees, flowers, and other things in nature. This has enabled us to understand “elephant genius” even more.
写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。通读文章可以归纳出其主题——the highly smart elephants；接着进行文章内容的填充——从its excellent memory以及artistic talent等方面去概括大象聪明的事实依据。
[精彩范文]
The passage is mainly about the highly smart elephants. (要点1) We must attach great importance to an elephant's intelligence, especially its excellent memory and artistic talent. (要点2) More importantly, we all know from the text that elephants' memory can reach as far back as 30 years ago. (要点3) While an elephant is not searching for food, its artistic talent sometimes appears. (要点4) Can you imagine that an elephant can draw pictures soon when an elephant trainer gives it a paintbrush? (要点5)
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(共68张PPT)
Period Ⅲ Developing ideas
课前自学导引
课堂合作探究
课后课时作业
本课结束
Period Ⅳ Writing |应用文写作——动物简介
本单元写作的要求是应用文，主题是写关于动物的简介。
为了让读者更好地了解所介绍的动物，一般会描述其外形特点和活动情况，如形状，颜色等。另外也会涉及其基本信息，如栖息地、是否迁徙、以何为食等生活习性，再进一步可以从环保或文化角度介绍，写出在人类文化中的象征含义。写作时注意突出重点。
1．Sea otters are pretty petite compared to other marine mammals.
与其他海洋哺乳动物相比，海獭非常娇小。
2．Every Spring, migratory birds flood back to where they breed.
每年春天，候鸟都会飞回到它们繁殖的地方。
3．Just 30 percent of the ants did 70 percent of the labor.
仅仅30%的蚂蚁完成了70%的工作量。
4．The snake is a long and thin animal that lives in dark places.
蛇是一种生活在阴暗地方的瘦长形的动物。
5. ... usually have green, yellow or black skins, which make it difficult for their enemies to find them.
……通常拥有绿色、黄色或黑色的外皮，这使得其天敌很难发现它们。
6．In fact, the animal may travel 50 miles a day to search for food.
实际上，这种动物一天可以行走50英里去搜寻食物。
7．But the maternal (母性的) bonds are strong, and offspring sometimes have reunions with their mother.
但是母系的纽带很强大，有时幼崽会与母亲重聚。
8．Asian elephants are gentle and super?social.
亚洲象温柔且具有高度的社会属性。
根据要求用英语写一篇有关濒危动物——金丝猴的短文。内容包括以下信息：
1．栖息地：中国；
2．外貌：金黄色，有点灰；尾巴和身体一样长；
3．生活环境：海拔1,500～3,000米的森林；
4．生活习性：群居，吃水果、干果；
5．现状：数量减少了，需得到保护。
注意：词数120左右。
[精彩范文]
Golden Monkeys
Golden monkeys live mainly in China. They are protected by Chinese government. Their fur is golden and a bit grey. Their tails are as long as their bodies. The male golden monkeys are big and strong while the female ones are much smaller. Golden monkeys live in forests which are 1,500－3,000 meters above the sea level, and they like living in groups. They feed on fruit, nuts, tree leaves and so on.
Now the number of golden monkeys is decreas－ing. Our government has built some nature reserves to protect them. We hope people can stop hunting golden monkeys and that more and more people can realize the importance of protecting them.
总评 文章涵盖了全部的要点信息，衔接流畅自然；思路清晰，使用了一些较高级的词汇和较复杂的结构和句式。
[亮点呈现]
(1)“Their tails are as long as their bodies.” 同级比较结构as ... as的运用准确到位。
(2)“The male golden monkeys are big ... while the female ... ” while作并列连词表示两种情况的对照。
(3)“which are 1,500－3,000 ... ”定语从句的使用令句式简洁，信息丰富。
非洲象是世界上最大的陆地动物，成年非洲象大约有5吨重，它们主要以草、树叶或野果为食，栖息地为森林、河流、山谷或非洲撒哈拉沙漠南部的半沙漠地带。由于人类的大量偷猎，非洲象的数量已从1980年的1,300万头左右降到了现在的40万头。请根据以上内容，写一篇有关非洲象的英语短文。
注意：1.词数不少于120；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
课外拓展阅读——中国优秀传统文化专题练
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ci in the Song Dynasty (960－1279) indicates another type of poetry at that time. It came into being in the Tang Dynasty and reached its peak in the Song literature.
1 (depend) on its length, Ci can 2 (divide) into Xiao Ling (small?sized, no more than 58 characters), Zhong Diao (middle?sized, 59－90 characters), and Chang Diao (long?sized, over 90 characters). Some of 3 (they) have only one verse (诗节), some have two, and some have three or four, each of 4 has its own appellation (名称)．
Each Ci has 5 title as well as a Cipai which is the name of the tonal (音调的) pattern and decides the rhythm and form of a verse. The names of Cipai, such 6 “The Beautiful Lady Yu”， “Buddha Dance”， and “Wine Spring”， are coming from historical 7 (figure) or events, and former musical names, although later Ci changed and developed 8 (separate) from music.
Poets in the Song Dynasty 9 (develop) Ci in content and forms. Those who made a great 10 (contribute) were Liu Yong, Su Shi, Yan Shu, Li Qingzhao, Xin Qiji, etc. If you seek out and study their Ci further, you may find it a source of interest with no limit.
1． 2. 3. 4.
5． 6. 7. 8.
9． 10.
答案：1.Depending 2.be divided 3.them 4.which 5.a 6.as 7.figures 8.separately 9.developed 10.contribution
Like Tang poetry, Song Ci plays an important role in the history of Chinese literature as well.
和唐诗一样，宋词在中国文学史上占有重要地位。
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(共19张PPT)
Period Ⅳ Writing |
应用文写作——动物简介
本课结束
Unit 5 Into the wild
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．seek v. 寻找，寻求
seek to do sth. 设法做某事
seek (for) sth. 寻找/谋求某物
seek after 追求；寻求
seek out 找出；搜出
2．measure v. 量，测量；评估 linking verb 有……长/宽 n. 尺寸；措施
measure ... by ... 用……来衡量……
make ... to one's measure 按某人的尺寸做(衣服等)
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
3．position n. 位置；处境，状况；地位；职位；姿势
in a(n) ... position 处于……地位/位置
in/out of position 在/不在恰当的位置
hold the position of ... 担任……的职务
take up (one's) position 就位
4．determine v. 测定，确定；决定，决心→determined adj. 坚决的，有决心的，果断的→determination n. 决心，决定
determine to do sth. 决心做某事(表动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表状态)
5．amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的→amaze vt. 使吃惊→amazed adj. 感到惊奇的；吃惊的→amazement n. 惊讶
be amazed to do ... 对做某事感到惊奇
be amazed at/by 对……很惊奇
(much) to one's amazement 令某人(非常)惊讶的是
in amazement 惊讶地
6．survive vi. 活下来；幸存 vt. 幸免于；从……中逃生；比……活得长→survival n. 幸存→survivor n. 幸存者
survive sth. 幸免于……，从……中艰难度过
survive sb. (by three years) 比……活得长(三年)
7．effect n. 影响，结果→effective adj. 有效的→effectively adv. 有效地
have an effect on/upon ... 对……有影响
bring/put ... into effect 使生效；实行，实施
come into effect 生效，开始实施
in effect 有效；在实施中；实际上
8．accommodation n. 住处，工作场所；食宿；膳食供应→accommodate vt. 容纳(乘客)；向……提供膳宿；使适应，顺应
make/provide accommodations for 为……提供食宿
accommodate sb. with sth. 给……提供……
accommodate ... to ... ＝adapt ... to ... 使……适应/迎合……(其中to为介词)
accommodate oneself to 使自己适应……
accommodate sb. for the night 留某人过夜
9．variety n. [C]种类，品种 [U]变化，多样性→vary v. (使)变化，不同→various adj. 各种各样的→variation n. 变化
a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的
vary from ... to ... 从……到……不同
vary with ... 随……而变化
10．concentrate v. 集中(注意力、思想等)→concentration n. 专心，集中
concentrate ... on/upon ... 把……专注于……
concentrate on/upon ... 专注于……
11．cut down 砍倒；削减，缩小(尺寸、数量等)；降价
cut off 切断；停掉；隔绝
cut in 插嘴；插队
cut across/through 抄近路穿过
12．after all 毕竟，归根结底；终究
in all 总共
above all 尤其是，最重要的是(强调重要性)
all the time 始终，一直
all of a sudden＝suddenly 突然，冷不防地
Ⅱ.教材原句
1．Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. (P50)
不知怎么地，它们成功地向南行进了4,000公里，到达了加利福尼亚或墨西哥。
2．If this work is successful, there may come a time when monarch numbers increase once again. (P51)
如果这项工作取得成功，黑脉斑蝶数量可能会再次增加。
3．The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.(P51)
我们对这种美丽的生物了解得越多，它生存的可能性就越大，并且可以在未来很长一段时间内保持其在自然界中的地位。
4．Despite a weight of up to 300 kilograms, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers. (P56)
尽管体重高达300公斤，但它们可以以每小时大约64公里的速度奔跑，同时它们也是游泳高手。
5．While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. (P57)
当我专注于拍摄这一令人惊叹的景色时，我突然有一种感觉，有东西正在看我。
6．With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me. (P57)
水从它浓密的棕色头发上落下，那只熊回头盯着我。
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Thousands of people crossed the border, (seek) refuge from the war.
答案：seeking
2．More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast (accommodate) in private homes.
答案：accommodations
3．When he passed by, he observed a strange man (knock) at the door.
答案：knocking
4．The girl felt very safe with her mother (stand) behind her.
答案：standing
5．What a pity that many ancient buildings (destroy) in the war.
答案：were destroyed
6．The young soldier (freeze) to death in the snow, his hands still hanging on to the gun.
答案：was frozen
7．She couldn't imagine (live) in a place like that.
答案：living
8．The main reason he got the job in that company was that he worked hard.
答案：why
9．Chinese players have the (determine) to win more gold medals in the next Olympic Games.
答案：determination
10．I would appreciate if you could come to the party tomorrow night.
答案：it
11．There has been a mixed (reacte) to her appointment as director.
答案：reaction
12．Ancient China was a place states were often at war with each other.
答案：where
Ⅳ.开放型任务
围绕本单元话题“Into the wild”，我们学习了observe, variety, average等重点词汇的用法；学习了定语从句中关系副词的用法。结合本单元学习内容，在网络上查找还有哪些珍稀动物濒临灭绝，增强人们保护野生动物的意识，加入到保护动物的行列中来！
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(共20张PPT)
重点词汇/教材原句/单句语法填空/开放型任务
单元重点知识回顾
本课结束
