Unit 3 On the move
中国传统体育有着丰富的内容、悠久的历史，是人类体育文化的杰出代表之一。现
在让我们一起了解足球的鼻祖“蹴鞠”。
Cuju (Ball－kicking)
“Cu” means to kick, and “Ju” is a kind of ball in ancient China, made of leather and filled with hair.
It is said this game was found in Huangdi times of four thousand years ago. The purpose of Cuju then was to
train soldiers and select qualified① people in the army. Ball－kicking activity that is actually recorded in history emerged② in the Warring States Period. When it came to the Han Dynasty, Cuju activity had been more and more thriving③. Either the emperor or the ordinary people, they loved it very much. During the period of Eastern and Western Han Dynasties, Cuju was popular not only in the palace, in the army, but also among the crowd. People were encouraged to kick ball in the back streets and lanes. It is obvious that at that time Cuju had rooted in the hearts of the people.
The development of Cuju went into an important stage in the Tang Dynasty. A variety of skills were invented then on the basis of the former games. A goal, for instance, was set in the middle of the court, the players of the two teams just kicked the ball into the goal, and the one which scored more goals was the winner.
Cuju entered its golden age in the Song Dynasty. First, it was much more standardized and enjoyable. Second, Qiyun Association was founded which is similar to the FIFA now. Third, the imperial court attached great importance to④ it. It is recorded in history that quite a few emperors in the Song Dynasty such as Song Taizu, Song Taizong, etc. loved Cuju.
【注】 ①qualified adj. 合格的 ②emerge v. 出现 ③thrive v. 茁壮成长；繁荣兴旺 ④attach great importance to 非常重视
【立德树人】 中国传统体育在世界文化史上留下了光辉灿烂的一页 (leave behind a magnificent page)。它是建立在自然经济、宗法血缘社会和民族精神生活与哲学基础之上的。让我们共同传承中国传统体育文化！
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前自学导引
一项风靡全世界的运动
如今，足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。鉴于尼尔·阿姆斯特朗想把足球带到月球上，我们甚至可以说它也是这个世界以外最受欢迎的运动！这项运动的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时它被称为“蹴鞠”(踢球)，这项运动使用的球是由动物的皮制成的，里面填充的是动物毛发。球门被悬在空中。我们今天所知道的足球运动起源于英国，在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。它也是一项非常便宜的运动。你不需要昂贵的设备，即使是球也不需要花很多钱。在世界各地，你都能看到孩子们心满意足地玩着一个用塑料袋做成的球；就像贝利小时候踢球那样。
足球在全球流行背后的另一个因素是足球场上的创造力和激情。它很有趣，足以吸引数以百万计的人。你不必成为球迷就可以欣赏到职业球员的技术——看到他们如何利用身体来传球、得分和防守，你会感到惊讶——看到比赛以一个惊人的转折结束，你会感到兴奋。
更重要的是，足球已经成为人们交流的最佳方式之一：它不需要言语，但每个人都能理解。它打破了壁垒，把赛场内外的人们聚集在一起。以著名的1914年圣诞节足球比赛为例。第一次世界大战几个月前爆发了，但英国和德国士兵放下枪，一起踢足球——在战争岁月，这是一个值得纪念的和平时刻。
“有些人认为足球是一个生死攸关的问题，……”著名足球运动员和教练比尔·香克利说。我可以向你保证，这比生死更重要。这听起来可能很有趣，但人们只需想到地球就可以意识到我们的星球是足球形状的。
课堂合作探究
1 represent v. 代表，表示；表现；描绘；象征(P26)
归纳 拓展 (1)represent ... as ... 把……描绘成…… represent sb. as/to be ... 宣称某人为…… represent oneself as/to be ... 自称是……/声称是…… represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事 (2)representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的n. 代表，代理人
①She represents_her_mother_as the kindest mother in the world.
她把她的妈妈描绘成世界上最好的母亲。
②He represented_himself_to_be a friend of my father's, but now we know the truth.
他自称是我父亲的朋友，但现在我们知道真相了。
③You should represent your complaints to the management.
你们应向管理阶层说明你们的不满。
名师点津 represent作“向……描述/表达”讲时，不能直接跟“人”作宾语，常用结构为“represent sth. to sb.”或“represent to sb. sth.”。有类似用法的单词还有explain，suggest，announce，guarantee等。
(1)写出下列句中represent的含义
①The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries.________
②The carvings represent a hunting scene.________
③The five interlaced rings on the Olympic flag represent the five continents joined together.________
答案：①代表 ②描绘 ③象征
(2)单句语法填空
①I represent ________ him that it will be dangerous to do what he suggested.
②________ (represent) our school, I'm glad to tell you something about these activities.
③As a ________ (represent) of resettled people, I support the construction of the project.
答案：①to ②Representing ③representative
2 basis n. 基础；根据；基准(P26)
归纳 拓展 (1)on the basis of 以……为基础；根据…… (2)base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础n. 底部；根据 base ... on/upon ... 把……置于……基础之上 be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据 (3)basic adj. 基础的，基本的 basically adv. 大体上；基本上；总的说来；从根本上说
①On_the_basis_of my own experience, I made this decision.
我根据自己的经验做出了这个决定。
②You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research.
你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。
③The movie is_based_on/upon the popular novel of the same name.
这部电影是以同名人气小说为基础(改编)的。
(1)单句语法填空
①We drew this conclusion ________ the basis of experiments.
②The ________ (base) pay of the average worker has risen by 3 per cent.
③________ (basic), I agree with your plan.
答案：①on ②basic ③Basically
(2)单句写作
《天鹅湖》是一部以德国童话为基础的著名四幕芭蕾舞。
Swan Lake is a famous ballet in four acts which ________________ a German fairy－tale.
答案：is based on
3 equipment n. 装备，设备，用具(P26)
归纳 拓展 (1)equipment 为不可数名词 a piece of equipment 一件设备 (2)equip vt. 装备，配备 equip ... with ... 用……装备…… be equipped with 装备着…… equip sb. for ... 使某人为……做好准备 be well/poorly equipped 装备精良的/较差的
①As students, we should equip ourselves with knowledge.
作为学生，我们应该用知识来武装自己。
②Our school is_equipped_with advanced teaching equipment.
我们学校配备着先进的教学设备。
③A good education should equip you for life.
良好的教育能使你受用终生。
(1)单句语法填空
①The hospital has brought in a set of new ________ (equip)．
②Please equip yourself ________ a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.
③Your training will equip you ________ your future job.
④________ (equip) with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.
答案：①equipment ②with ③for ④Equipped
(2)单句写作
这间办公室安装了空调。
This office ________________ air conditioner.
答案：is equipped with
4 content n. 满意，满足；内容；含量；目录 vt. 使满意，使满足 adj. 满意的，满足的(P26)
归纳 拓展 (1)to one's heart's content 尽情地，心满意足地 (2)content oneself with sth. 满足于……； 对……感到满意 (3)be/feel content with sth. 对某事感到满意/满足 be content to do sth. 满足于做某事；乐意做某事
①You should not content yourself with book knowledge only.
你不能只满足于书本知识。
②Tom is_content_with the result of the exam.
汤姆对考试的结果满意。
③She is quite content_to_live at home with her parents.
她十分满足于在家和她父母同住。
(1)单句语法填空
①That rich man is tired of city life, so he is content ________ (live) in the country.
②To be honest, I'm very content ________ my life at present.
③As there is no butter, we have to content ________ (we) with dry bread.
答案：①to live ②with ③ourselves
(2)单句写作
在宴会上，所有的客人都可以尽情歌舞。
At the party, all the guests can sing and dance ____________________.
答案：to their hearts' content
5 defend v. (在比赛中)防守，防卫(P26)
归纳 拓展 (1)defend ... from/against ... 保护……免遭……；抵御…… defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护 (2)defence n. 辩护；保卫；防卫 in defence of 为……辩护；保卫……
①She had to defend herself against the guard dog.
她不得不防备看门狗。
②They took up arms in_defence_of their country.
他们拿起武器保卫祖国。
单句语法填空
①The best ________ (defend) is a good offense.
②He gave his life ________ defense of his country.
③The frightened mother held out her umbrella, defend her son and herself ________ the fierce dog.
答案：①defence ②in ③against/from
6 assure v. 向……保证，使确信；弄清，查明(P27)
归纳 拓展 (1)assure sb. that ... 向某人保证…… assure sb. of sth. 向某人保证某事 assure oneself that .../of sth. 弄清……；查明……；使自己对……确信不疑或觉得肯定无误 (2)assurance n. 保证；担保
①I can assure_you_that he is sincere.
我可以向你保证他是真诚的。
②I can assure_you_of his reliability.
我向你保证他的可靠性。
③I must assure_myself_of the real situation.
我必须查明真实情况。
④He gave me assurance in black and white.
他给了我书面保证。
(1)单句语法填空
①I can assure you ________ its quality.
②He gave us the ________ (assure) that he would offer us more support.
答案：①of ②assurance
(2)单句写作
我可以向你保证动物们得到了精心照顾。
I can ________________ the animals are well cared for.
答案：assure you that
①That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
他在如此短的时间内写完作文使我们十分惊讶。
②It is natural that life is not always easy.
人生不可能总是一帆风顺，这是很自然的。
③It's a pity that you've missed such a good chance.
你错过了这样一个好机会，真是遗憾。
④It is said that the pirates buried their treasure on this island.
据说海盗把他们的财宝藏到了这个岛上。
(1)单句语法填空
①________ she is still alive is the best news I have heard of.
②________ is quite obvious that he is lying.
答案：①That ②It
(2)句型转换
That prices will go up is certain.
→____________________ prices will go up.
答案：It is certain that
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Protecting the country is the duty of a ________ (军人).
答案：soldier
2．Physical activity is an important ________ (因素)in maintaining fitness.
答案：factor
3．This ________ (设备) has saved the lives of a number of new born children.
答案：equipment
4．A ________ (塑料的) chair is much lighter than a wooden one.
答案：plastic
5．________ (冲浪运动) is the sport of riding on waves while standing on a narrow board.
答案：Surfing
6．She found herself in ________ (冲突) with her parents over her future career.
答案：conflict
Ⅱ.词义理解
1．As long as you work hard, you will achieve your goal.( )
2．Within a minute the Chinese team scored a goal.( )
3．The centre forward headed the ball into the goal.( )
答案：1.② 2.③ 3.①
请选出content在句中的含义：①n. 内容 ②n. 满意，满足 ③adj. 满意的，满足的
4．The secret to happiness is being content with what you have.( )
5．She hadn't read the letter and so was unaware of its contents.( )
6．I was delighted to be able to eat my favorite dishes to my heart's content.( )
答案：4.③ 5.① 6.②
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I will represent ________ him that he will be in danger if he goes there alone.
答案：to
2．Police are trying to find out the cause of ________ (die).
答案：death
3．We fix our prices ________ the basis of the world market prices.
答案：on
4．They fought bravely in ________ (defend) of freedom and of the interests of the people.
答案：defence
5．I can assure you ________ my full support for your plan.
答案：of
6．________ is important that we practise English everyday.
答案：It
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．第一次世界大战于1914年爆发。
World WarⅠ________________ in 1914.
答案：broke out
2．我弟弟正在游乐园里尽情地玩耍。
My brother is playing ______________________in the amusement park.
答案：to his heart's content
3．地球的形状像一个大球。
The earth ________________________ a big ball.
答案：is shaped like
4．你被包围了！放下你的武器！
You are surrounded! ________________ your weapons!
答案：Put down
5．他们的友谊可以追溯到他们上学的时候。
Their friendship ________________ their school days.
答案：goes back to
6．鉴于他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。
________________ they're inexperienced, they've done a good job.
答案：Given that
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 完形填空
Jake Olson lost his left eye when he was eight months old because of a born cancer. __1__ it was controlled through treatments, it reappeared and __2__ the loss of his right eye. But after years of cheering for his favorite football team, Jake has __3__ the impossible dream. He's now a part of the team, despite his total 4 ， playing the game not based on sight but on __5__.
Being a __6__ fan of the USC Trojans, one of Jake's last __7__ before he lost his eye was to watch the team play at Notre Dame. His strong liking for the sport didn't go __8__—former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to meet the __9__.
Inspired by those players, Jake hoped to be __10__ in his school's football team. At first he didn't think he would be of any real __11__， but when he heard people's cheers for football players, his love for football strengthened. So Jake __12__ the coach, asking to join the team. The coach told him to __13__ the next season. So Jake spent his time practicing hard. __14__， he became a starter on the team in the next season. Having made his high school football team, it didn't seem too __15__ to do the same in college.
Coach Steve agreed that Jake __16__ the requirements of the team. So Jake's dream came true.__17__ football, Jake is also a motivational speaker. “I went into football with the thought that I had nothing to __18__，” Jake said. “I really had no fear. Going through __19__ in life does make you stronger. Life's unfair, but it's __20__ me not to give up and keep fighting.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jake Olson双目失明，但这并没有阻止他对运动的热爱。他成为高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且还是一位励志演讲人。
1．A.Unless B．Though
C．Only if D．Now that
答案：B 根据下文的“it was controlled through treatments, it reappeared ... ”可知，此处指尽管(Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发了，主从句之间存在让步关系。
2．A.backed off B．held back
C．broke down D．led to
答案：D 癌症复发了，并导致(led to)他失去了右眼。
3．A.forgotten B．quitted
C．realized D．ignored
答案：C 但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄球队加油多年之后，Jake实现了(realized)那个不可能的梦想。第四段中的“Jake's dream came true”亦是提示。
4．A.blindness B．absence
C．deafness D．innocence
答案：A 根据上文中的“lost his left eye”及“the loss of his right eye”可知，此处指尽管Jake双目失明(blindness)，但他现在成了球队的一员。
5．A.ability B．guess
C．feel D．imagination
答案：C 根据上文提到的Jake双目失明的内容可知，此处指的应是他打球靠的不是视力而是感觉(feel)。
6．A.responsible B．faithful
C．careful D．temporary
答案：B 根据语境及上文的“years of cheering for his favorite football team”可知，他是USC Trojans球队的忠实(faithful)粉丝。
7．A.chances B．promises
C．courses D．wishes
答案：D 此处指Jake在失去视力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是观看球队在Notre Dame的比赛。
8．A.unnoticed B．unsolved
C．unreported D．unlimited
答案：A 根据下文的“former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to”可知，此处指Jake对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed “未被注意的，被忽视的”。
9．A.leaders B．players
C．fans D．coaches
答案：B 根据语境及上文提到的Jake是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队比赛的内容可知，此处应是指教练Pete邀请Jake跟球员们(players)见面。下文中的“Inspired by those players”是关键的提示信息。
10．A.occupied B．involved
C．trapped D．absorbed
答案：B 受到那些球员们的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。be involved in是固定搭配，意为“参与，参加”。
11．A.interest B．hope
C．use D．concern
答案：C 此处指尽管Jake想加入学校的橄榄球队，但是因为自身有残疾，Jake最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实际的用处(use)。be of use＝be useful。
12．A.approached B．appreciated
C．recognized D．greeted
答案：A Jake找了教练，请求加入球队。approach “靠近，接洽”。
13．A.pull through B．set out
C．leave off D．come back
答案：D 根据下文的“the next season ... he became a starter on the team in the next season”可知，此处指教练让Jake下个赛季再回来。
14．A.Gradually B．Finally
C．Recently D．Accidentally
答案：B Jake花时间刻苦练习，最终，在下个赛季，他成了球队的参赛者。finally意为“最后，终于”。
15．A.difficult B．accessible
C．attractive D．necessary
答案：A 根据上文的“Having made his high school football team”可知，因为有了高中的球队经历，成为大学球队的队员似乎也不是太难。
16．A.refreshed B．completed
C．satisfied D．acquired
答案：C 根据句中的“Coach Steve agreed”及下文中的“So Jake's dream came true.”可知，此处指教练Steve觉得Jack达到了球队的要求，因此Jake加入大学球队的梦想实现了。
17．A.Apart from B．Instead of
C．Regardless of D．Except for
答案：A 根据下文的“Jake is also a motivational speaker”可知，除了打橄榄球之外，Jake也是一位励志演讲人。
18．A.share B．lose
C．offer D．desire
答案：B 根据语境及下文的“I really had no fear.”可知，此处指Jake起初是带着自己没有任何可失去(lose)的东西的想法开始打橄榄球的。
19．A.failures B．challenges
C．competitions D．fears
答案：B Jake身有残疾，所以要经受许多生活中的挑战(challenges)，而这也使他变得更加坚强。
20．A.warned B．begged
C．convinced D．taught
答案：D 根据上文内容可知，此处指的是生活是不公平的，但它教会Jake不要放弃，要坚持下去。teach sb. not to do sth. “教会某人不要做某事”。故选D。
Ⅱ 阅读理解
A
My First Marathon (马拉松)
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”．
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS！”
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 am or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。参加马拉松比赛前的一个月，作者的脚踝受伤了，但他仍决定参加比赛。在比赛中尽管脚踝伤处疼痛难忍，但作者坚持跑完全程，获得了一枚奖章。作者通过自身的经历启迪人们：要做自己，并坚持不断前进，不要受限于世俗标签，就会取得成功。
1．A month before the marathon, the author ________.
A．was well trained B．felt scared
C．made up his mind to run D．lost hope
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，马拉松比赛前一个月，作者脚踝受伤但决心继续参加比赛。故选C。
2．Why did the author mention the PE class in his 7th year?
A．To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B．To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C．To show he was not talented in sports.
D．To share a precious memory.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知，作者这么做是为了表明自己确实没有运动天赋。故选C。
3．How was the author's first marathon?
A．He made it.
B．He quit halfway.
C．He got the first prize.
D．He walked to the end.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者坚持完成了马拉松比赛并获得了一枚奖章，即他成功了。故选A。
4．What does the story mainly tell us?
A．A man owes his success to his family support.
B．A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C．Failure is the mother of success.
D．One is never too old to learn.
答案：B 主旨大意题。作者通过叙述他带伤坚持跑完马拉松并在比赛中获得了奖章来启迪人们：不要受限于世俗标签，拥有强大意志力的人一定会取得成功。故选B。
B
Nine out of ten parents want their children to take part in competitions in school, a survey found.
Despite the current trend of few or no competitions in many schools—they worry that they place kids under too much pressure or cause some damage to their bodies—most parents believe competitions help to prepare children for adulthood. They also believe competitions make children more ambitious (志向远大的) and ready for work.
And 84 percent of parents worry their children will feel regretful once they leave school because they have little or no experience of competitions. More than two thirds think competitions teach children that they have to work for things, while 69 percent think they help kids realize they don't always win or come out on top of everything.
One in three parents also believe competitions raise standards in education as children strive (努力) to win. One in five parents don't think that their children's schools offer enough opportunities to their children to compete against others, and one in ten even say the schools don't allow children to win or lose at all.
As a result, 24 percent of parents have complained to their children's schools as they don't feel that enough emphasis is put on competitions. Nine out of ten teachers agree that it is important for children to experience losing at an early age.
Former World Cup rugby star Will Greenwood said, “Competitions make you strive to be better as an individual and as part of a team. In any walk of life, experiencing success as an individual is a great motivator and helps to breed a culture that strives to succeed, whether in education or employment.”
Chairwoman Carole Stott said, “Many schools have, in recent years, moved their emphasis for children away from winning and losing to simply taking part.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项调查显示大部分家长希望孩子们在学校能多参加竞赛。
5．Why do many schools offer few or no competitions to their students?
A．To keep the students safe.
B．To reduce families' expenses.
C．To reduce the teachers' pressure.
D．To make sure that the students have enough time to study.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they worry that they place kids under too much pressure or cause some damage to their bodies”可知，许多学校不安排或少安排竞赛的原因是他们担心竞赛给学生们带来压力，同时还有可能给学生们的身体带来伤害。
6．Most parents don't think taking part in competitions will help kids ________.
A．prepare themselves well for their future work
B．know that they don't need to win all the time
C．gain the experience of competitions
D．enjoy their school life
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“make children more ambitious (志向远大的) and ready for work”以及第三段中的“they help kids realize they don't always win”和“children will feel regretful once they leave school because they have little or no experience of competitions”可知，A、B、C三项是孩子们参加竞赛的好处，D项所给信息在文中没有对应信息。
7．What can be used as the best title of the passage?
A．The benefits of taking part in competitions
B．Parents want their children to compete at school
C．Most schools offer more competitions to students
D．Should students take part in competitions in school?
答案：B 标题判断题。根据文章中所列出的一系列的调查结果可总结出，大部分家长希望孩子们在学校能多参加竞赛，并结合文章主旨句——第一段可知B项作为文章标题最佳。
8．What is Will Greenwood's attitude towards kids' taking part in more competitions?
A．Doubtful. B．Worried.
C．Supportive. D．Uncertain.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Will Greenwood所讲的“experiencing success as an individual is a great motivator and helps to breed a culture that strives to succeed”可知，他认为参加竞赛并体验输赢对孩子们是有很大帮助的，由此可推断出他支持学生们多参加竞赛。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：
1．比赛信息；
2．赛前准备；
3．表达期待。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris，
Cheers，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear Chris，
I'm writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month. The match will take place in our school gym on the afternoon of July 4th. We will play against the team from Hong Xing High School. In order to win the match, we should get fully prepared and practice hard. So from tomorrow, we need to train for two hours after school every day. Please come to the school gym at 6：30 pm from Monday to Friday.
You're an excellent player. With you on the team, we are confident that we can win the game. Let's try hard together!
Cheers，
Li Hua
PAGE
- 1 -
(共107张PPT)
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前自学导引
课堂合作探究
课后课时作业
Period Ⅱ Using language——Grammar & Vocabulary
Grammar(不定式作定语和结果状语)
课前自主预习
[观察句子，总结规律]
①That football is such a simple game to_play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
②It is fun enough to_attract_millions_of_people.
[我的发现]
(1)①句中的不定式to play在句中作________。
(2)②句中的不定式to attract millions of people在句中作________。
答案：(1)定语 (2)结果状语
精讲课时语法
一、不定式作定语
1．不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系、主谓关系、动状关系或同位关系。不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后。
I have a lot of work to_do.
我有许多工作要做。(动宾关系)
He is the first person to_think_of_the_idea.
他是第一个想到这个主意的人。(主谓关系)
I have no time to_go_there.
我没有时间去那儿。(动状关系)
He has got a chance to_go_abroad.
他有一个出国的机会。(同位关系)
名师点津 1不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而该不定式为不及物动词时，其后须加上适当的介词。
I am looking for a room to live in.
我正在找一间屋子住。
2当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动形式，也可用被动形式，但其含义有所不同。
Have you anything to send？
你有什么东西要寄吗？不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”
Have you anything to be sent？
你有什么要我或别人寄的东西吗？不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”
2．用不定式作定语的几种情况
(1)不定式作定语可以表示将来的动作。
I borrowed some books to_read during my holiday.
我借了一些我假期要读的书。
(2)修饰序数词/形容词最高级/the last/ the only等词或被这些词修饰的名词/代词，且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系时，常用不定式作定语。
He is always the_first_to_arrive at the school and the_last_to_leave the school.
他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。
(3)被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有：plan, ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, fact, excuse, promise, attempt, way等。
And the best way to_strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.
增强意志力最好的方法就是让意志力成为一种习惯。
二、不定式作结果状语
不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果，常用于下列结构中：only to do; enough to do(足够做……)；too ... to do ... (太……而不能……); so/such ... as to ... (如此……以至于……)。
He hurried to the railway station, only to_find the train had left.
他匆忙赶到火车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。
名师点津 现在分词短语作结果状语常常表示“自然而然、意料之中或顺理成章”的结果。
It hasn't rained for a month，making the crops hard to grow.,一个月没下雨了，使庄稼很难生长。
Ⅰ.写出画线部分所作成分
1．His ambition to_become_the_world_swimming_champion was understandable.________
答案：定语
2．Do you have anything to_be_taken_there? ________
答案：定语
3．I hurried to his house, only to_find_him_out.________
答案：结果状语
4．Can you find a proper person to_finish_this_job_in_time? ________
答案：定语
5．In the end he made up his mind to_go_by_train. ________
答案：定语
6．The Arab woke up to_find that his camel had put his head inside the tent. ________
答案：结果状语
7．He's old enough to_make_a_trip_alone.________
答案：结果状语
8．Do you have anything to_do tonight? ________
答案：定语
9．She was too young to_understand_that. ________
答案：结果状语
10．The poor often have no room to_live_in. ________
答案：定语
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．突然她想到了一个好主意，但是她找不到写的纸。
Suddenly a good idea occurred to her, but she couldn't find any paper ________________.
答案：to write on
2．她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
She was the first woman __________ the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
答案：to win
3．她说她没有去那里的打算。
She said she had no plans ________________.
答案：to go there
4．她太小了不能理解它。
She is too young ________________.
答案：to understand it
5．他急忙赶到学校，结果发现那儿没人。
He hurried to the school, only __________ nobody there.
答案：to find
Vocabulary
1 adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的(P29)
归纳 拓展 (1)adjust v. 调整，调节；(使)适应 adjust to (doing) sth. 适应于(做)…… adjust oneself to ... 使自己适应于…… adjust sth. to sth. 调整……以适应…… (2)adjustment n. 调整；适应 make adjustments/an adjustment to 对……做出调整
①The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable.
这辆自行车车座的高度可以调节。
②You should try to adjust_yourself_to the new environment.
你应该调整自己以适应新的环境。
③We had to make some adjustments_to our schedule to make sure the project would be finished before the National Day.
我们必须对时间表做一些调整，以确保该项目在国庆日前完成。
语境串记 At the beginning of the new term, our teacher told us that we should adjust our learning plans to the new situation, and that all of us should adjust_ourselves_to it. We all accepted our teacher's advice. Soon we adjusted_to the new situation.
新学期开始时，老师告诉我们，我们应该调整学习计划以适应新情况，而且我们所有人应该使自己适应它。我们都接受了老师的建议。很快我们便适应了新情况。
(1)单句语法填空
①It took her a long time to adjust to ________ (live) alone abroad.
②I've made a few minor ________ (adjust) to the plan.
③Climate change may force many crops to adjust ________ new conditions.
④The position of this table is ________ (adjust)．
答案：①living ②adjustments ③to ④adjustable
(2)单句写作
到了大学，你必须努力使自己适应新的学习生活。
When you get to university, you have to __________________ the new school life.
答案：adjust yourself to
2 balance n. 平衡；天平，秤；余额 v. 使平衡；权衡(P30)
归纳 拓展 (1)keep one's balance 保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 (2)balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 eat/have a balanced diet 吃均衡的饮食
①When you cross the narrow bridge, you must keep_your_balance.
当你过这座狭窄的桥时，一定要保持平衡。
②She lost_her_balance and fell off when she cycled round the corner.
她骑车拐弯时失去平衡，摔了下来。
③If you want to lose weight then you should eat/have_a_balanced_diet.
如果你想减肥，你就应当吃均衡的饮食。
(1)写出balance在句中的含义
①You should try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.________
②I'd like to check the balance in my account please.________
答案：①平衡 ②余额
(2)单句写作
①他失去平衡，从梯子上摔下来了。
He ________________________ and fell from the ladder.
②那个小女孩尽全力在平衡木上保持平衡。
That little girl tried her best to ________________ on the beam.
③对于我们来说，拥有平衡的饮食很重要。
It's very important for us to ______________________.
答案：①lost his balance ②keep her balance ③have a balanced diet
3 involve v. 包含，需要；涉及；使参与(P31)
归纳 拓展 (1)involve sb. in sth. 使某人参与某事 involve doing sth. 需要做某事；包括做某事 (2)involved adj. 复杂的；有关的，涉及的 be/get involved in 参加；被卷入……之中
①Students should involve_themselves_in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生们应该积极参加社团活动，从中获得成长的经验。
②He found a job as a high school teacher which involves_spending quite a lot of time with students.
他找到了一份中学老师的工作，(这份工作)需要和学生长时间待在一起。
③Don't get_involved_in this kind of matter. It's none of your business.
不要卷入这种事。它与你无关。
名师点津 involved adj.作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。
④This is an involved project and all the people involved have been trained for it specially.
这是一个复杂的工程，所有涉及的人员都受过专门的训练。
(1)单句语法填空
①One foolish mistake involved him ________ a good deal of trouble.
②This operation involves ________ (put) a small tube into your heart.
③We need to examine all the costs ________ (involve) in the project first.
答案：①in ②putting ③involved
(2)单句写作
这种事我不想参与。
I don't want to ________________ such things.
答案：be/get involved in
4 response n. 回答，答复(P31)
归纳 拓展 (1)make no response 不回答 in response to 对……做出反应；应……的要求 (2)respond vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 respond to＝make response to 对……做出反应/回答
①I asked her what the time was, but she made_no_response.
我问她时间，她未作出回复。
②The changes are in_response_to demand from our customers.
这些变化是应我们顾客提出的要求而做出的。
③She responded_to my compliment with a smile.
她对我的赞美报以一个微笑。
(1)单句语法填空
①________ response to the call of motherland, a lot of graduates volunteer to work in the West.
②She responded ________ my letter with a phone call.
答案：①In ②to
(2)一句多译
她没有回复我的信件。
①She ________________________ my letter.
②She ________________________ my letter.
③She ________________________ my letter.
答案：①didn't respond to ②didn't make response to ③made no response to
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________ (catch)．
答案：to catch
2．We came home after our holiday, only ________ (find) our house broken into.
答案：to find
3．Tu Youyou became the first Chinese scientist ________ (win) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
答案：to win
4．Mr Brown has a comfortable house to live ________.
答案：in
5．Women and children were the first ________ (get) into the lifeboats.
答案：to get
6．Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are ________ display.
答案：on
7．When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to________ (live) on his own.
答案：living
8．A ________ (balance) diet and regular exercise are both important for your health.
答案：balanced
9．I am looking forward to your immediate ________ (respond)．
答案：response
10．The test will involve ________ (answer) questions about a photograph.
答案：answering
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思选词填空
1．There is nothing ________.
无事可做。(有“无聊感”)
2．There is nothing ________.
不能做什么了。(即“束手无策”了)
答案：1.A 2.B
3．There is nothing ________.
什么东西也看不见。
4．There is nothing ________.
没有东西值得看。
答案：3.B 4.A
5．Have you got anything ________？
你有什么要(我或别人)买的吗？
6．Have you got anything ________？
你要买什么东西吗？
答案：5.B 6.A
Ⅲ.词义理解
请选出chart在句中的含义：①v. 记录 ②n. 图表
③n. 排行榜
1．The chart shows an up trend of meat prices.( )
2．They topped both the US singles and album charts at the same time.( )
3．The scientist charted the change of temperature in this area for ten years.( )
答案：1.② 2.③ 3.①
4．The details of today's flights are displayed on the monitor.( )
5．We elected him monitor of our class. ( )
6．He had been closely monitoring the recovery of his patient. ( )
答案：4.③ 5.② 6.①
7．She was a master of the English language. ( )
8．Study hard and study everyday, if you want to master English language. ( )
9．The dog was running behind its master. ( )
答案：7.② 8.① 9.③
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．请给我拿把椅子坐好吗？
Will you please bring me a chair ________________？
答案：to sit on
2．有人照顾这些孩子们吗？
Is there anyone ________________ the children?
答案：to take care of
3．显然，微笑的能力是与生俱来的。
It is clear that the ability ________________ is inborn.
答案：to smile
4．我抵达了机场，却发现飞机已经起飞了。
I arrived at the airport, only ________________ that the plane had taken off.
答案：to find
5．据说他被卷入了这个案件之中。
It is said that he ________________ the crime.
答案：is involved in
6．她抓住扶手以保持平衡。
She was holding onto the rail to ________________.
答案：keep her balance
7．为了赶上最后期限，我们必须对时间表作些调整。
We have to ______________________ our timetable to meet the deadline.
答案：make some adjustments to
8．必须采取果断的行动以满足形势的实际需要。
Immediate action must be taken ________________ the actual requirement of the situation.
答案：in response to
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 阅读理解
Girls should take part in competitive sport to build confidence, the leader of a group of girls' schools will argue this week. Helen Fraser, director of the Girls Day School Trust (GDST), will tell the group that sport can help girls cope with failure.
“All girls and not just the sporty ones should take physical exercise，” Ms Fraser will say. Research that girls are far less active than boys is worrying, she argues. Ms Fraser will tell the group that she backs “sport for all”. “That's why I love it when our schools have A, B, C and D teams and beyond，” she will say.
The GDST draws on research from the Women's Sport and Fitness Foundation which suggests only a quarter of girls in England meet basic levels (水平) of physical activity each week. One in five girls do no physical activity at all, twice the proportion (比例) of boys, the research suggests.
Ms Fraser says other research suggests that more than 80% of women business leaders played sports while growing up. She uses the examples of US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, once a skater and tennis player, while the head of the International Monetary Fund, Christine Lagarde, was in the French national swimming team. Ms Fraser says Olympic medallists like Jessica Ennis, Katherine Grainger and Nicola Adams are excellent role models for young women but says women's sport needs more money and more news reports.
Valerie Dunsford, head of Sheffield High School, part of GDST, said it was important to offer a large number of sports to attract different types of girls. “Not everyone wants to be out playing the hockey (曲棍球)，” said Ms Dunsford.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明竞技运动有助于女孩们建立信心和加强承受力，帮助她们成功，因此本文鼓励女孩们多参加体育锻炼。
1．Which of the following ideas would Ms Fraser agree with?
A．Those taking part in the sport are always failures.
B．More should be done to make girls do sports.
C．Girls are less confident than boys.
D．Boys are born to be sport lovers.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“‘All girls and not just the sporty ones should take physical exercise’， Ms Fraser will say.”和第四段最后一句“Ms Fraser says Olympic medallists like Jessica Ennis, Katherine Grainger and Nicola Adams are excellent role models for young women but says women's sport needs more money and more news reports.”可知，Ms Fraser认为所有女孩都应该参加体育锻炼，但是鼓励女性参加运动需要更多的资金和更多的新闻报道。故B项(应该做更多的事情来让女孩做运动。)符合Ms Fraser的观点。
2．What's the proportion of boys who never take exercise?
A．1/10. B．1/4.
C．1/5. D．2/5.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“One in five girls do no physical activity at all, twice the proportion (比例) of boys, the research suggests.”可知，五分之一的女孩根本不参加任何体育锻炼，是男孩比例的两倍。由此可知不参加体育锻炼的男孩比例是十分之一。
3．Ms Fraser mentions those famous women to show ________.
A．hard work will pay off
B．it's not easy to be great
C．sport can help girls to succeed
D．it's necessary to balance work and sport
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Ms Fraser says other research suggests that more than 80% of women business leaders played sports while growing up.”可知，研究表明，80%以上的女性商业领袖在成长过程中都从事体育运动。下面就是具体例子，由此可见Ms Fraser举例是为了说明运动能够帮助女性成功。
4．What's the purpose of the text?
A．To explain the key to success.
B．To show the importance of sport.
C．To introduce more games to girls.
D．To encourage more girls to do sports.
答案：D 推理判断题。文章列举了女性参加体育锻炼的好处和锻炼在许多女性成功的过程中所起的重要作用，分析了现状，其目的是鼓励女孩们多参加体育锻炼。
Ⅱ 七选五
Wouldn't it be wonderful to be able to afford all of that fancy equipment used in the gyms? __1__ Now here are some effective exercises that you can do at home, without the need for any equipment.
Jumping Jacks (开合跳)—These are always fun, as they bring back memories of being a kid! __2__ They are
also great aerobic (有氧的) exercise, and good for warming up, too.
Pushups—While they can be hard to do, you can find easier ways to do them. You don't need to pretend you're “Rocky”， and do them with one hand; just do what works for you. __3__ Or, do them standing up against a wall. You will be building up arm strength and working out muscles (肌肉) in your chest area.
Light weight lifting—No, you don't need to go out and buy expensive weights for this! Just use whatever you can find in your house. Start out with something lighter, such as a can of peas. __4__
Step exercises—Using the steps in your home, you can do repetitions which will strengthen your leg muscles. (Just remember to be careful！)
__5__ You needn't join a gym, paying a large amount in membership fees each month. You don't even need the expensive equipment. Use what you have in your house, and work out in the comfort of your home.
You will be more likely to keep up with the exercise when you're comfortable, so just get up and start exercising!
A．Now you have no excuses!
B．Getting some exercise is important.
C．And work yourself up to heavier items little by little.
D．Who has not done jumping jacks for fun as a child?
E．Nice as it sounds, it just isn't an option for most people.
F．Do them on your knees, instead of keeping your legs straight.
G．To make these exercises even more fun, you can watch TV while doing them.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在家中无器械设备情况下的健身方式。
1．E 设空前一句句意：能负担得起所有在健身房使用的昂贵设备不是一件美妙的事情吗？设空后一句句意：这里有一些你可以在家做的有效练习，不需要任何设备。由此可知此空的意思应该是：能买得起健身房配备的所有的高端设备健身听起来不错，但对大多数人来说，这不是一个选择。E项承接上句，引出下句。E项中的两个it都指文章第一句所提出的这个假设。故选E项。
2．D 本段主题是Jumping Jacks(开合跳)。设空前一句句意：这些都是很有趣的，因为它们引发人们对小时候的记忆！由此可知D项“Who has not done jumping jacks for fun as a child？”(作为一个孩子，谁还没有做过开合跳呢？)符合语境。
3．F 本段主题是Pushups。上文表述别做难度太高的，只做对你起作用的事。设空后一句句意：或者靠着墙站着做它们。由此推知设空处也应谈及如何具体做俯卧撑的方法，故F项“Do them on your knees, instead of keeping your legs straight.”(做的时候双膝着地，而不是保持腿伸直。)符合语境。另外从Do them ...的结构上也可看出F项正确。
4．C 设空前一句句意：从一些更轻的东西开始，比如一罐豌豆。由此可知设空处的意思是：渐渐地给自己增加重量。故选C项。上文中的lighter和选项中的heavier是提示词。
5．A 设空后两句句意：你不需要加入一个健身房，每个月都要支付大量的会员费。你甚至不需要昂贵的设备。由此可知，现在你不健身就没借口了，故选A项。
Ⅲ 语法填空
Running a few kilometers each day is good __1__ our health. However, new research says running too much could be bad for us. Running long distances __2__ (regular) for many years could make our life __3__ (short), not longer. A researcher said too much running can create problems inside your heart, __4__ can lead to heart disease. He wrote that running too much for many years takes away the good things from exercise. He __5__ (add) that the risk of heart disease could be __6__ same as someone who never exercised.
Researchers said men who ran marathons for 25 years had 62% more __7__ (problem) in their heart than men who did little or no exercise. Another man said he felt __8__ (cheat). He started running marathons in 1967. He used __9__ (run) 60 kilometers every week. He said, “The doctor advised __10__ (exercise) frequently but not to overdo things.\”
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明适量运动对身体有益，但过量运动对身体却有害处。
1．for 考查介词。句意：每天跑几公里对我们的健康有好处。be good for ... 意为“对……有好处；有益于……”，故本空应填介词for。
2．regularly 考查词性转换。句意：经常长距离跑很多年会使我们的寿命变短，而不是变长。本空修饰动词，故应用副词regularly “经常地”。
3．shorter 考查形容词的比较级。由设空后longer可知，本空应用形容词比较级shorter。
4．which 考查定语从句的引导词。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰problems inside your heart，本空在从句中作主语指物，故应用关系代词which。
5．added 考查动词的时态。本空描述过去的动作，与上一句“He wrote ... ”时态相一致，故应用一般过去时。
6．the 考查冠词。the same as “与……一致”。
7．problems 考查名词。句意：研究人员说，那些跑了25年马拉松的人，他们的心脏问题比那些很少或不运动的人多62%。根据空前的more可知，本空应用名词复数形式。
8．cheated 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一个人说他感觉被骗了。根据句意可知，本空应用“felt＋过去分词形式”表被动。
9．to run 考查非谓语动词。句意：他过去每周跑60公里。used to do意为“过去常常做某事”，故本空应填不定式to run。
10．exercising 考查非谓语动词。句意：医生建议经常锻炼但不要过度。advise doing sth.意为“建议做某事”，故本空应用动名词exercising作宾语。
Ⅳ 读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Ali and his younger sister, Zahra,_lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months, the landlord was breathing down their necks (盯着他们)．
One day, Ali took Zahra's shoes to a shoe repairman to be fixed, but he lost them on the way home. It wasn't until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali's running shoes. Zahra's school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Ali. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Ali often arrived late and was warned by the school.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city. When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived. Ali had a strong start, but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners,_determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided (碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead.
Paragraph 2：
Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了小男孩阿里和妹妹莎拉与父母一起艰难度日，阿里不慎把妹妹唯一的鞋子弄丢了，所以只能每天和妹妹交替穿同一双运动鞋。当阿里听说全市长跑比赛的季军奖品是一双鞋子时，他决心为妹妹赢一双鞋。他会做到吗？
[精彩范文]
Paragraph 1：
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead. Refusing to give up at this point, he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. He dashed across the finishing line and won the fourth prize. Thinking he would let her sister down, Ali couldn't help sobbing. Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule. Holding the shoes close to his chest during the award ceremony, Ali felt overjoyed and relieved as he eventually won the shoes for his sister.
Paragraph 2：
Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly. He could not wait to see his sister and share the good news. On his arrival, Ali found Zahra was waiting outside. Nervous and anxious, Zahra wondered whether her brother had brought her what she was expecting. “Zahra, see what I have got for you.” Ali said excitedly, taking the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands. The instant Zahra saw the shoes, her face lit up. So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali. “Thank you! Ali.” Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged tightly together.
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课前自学预习
精讲课时语法
课后课时作业
Period Ⅲ Developing ideas
课前自学导引
跑步带来美好生活
这个全球网站是跑步者分享有关跑步的故事的地方。所以，如果你是一个有故事要讲的跑步者，请联系我们，我们很乐意收到你的来信！
李越，16岁，北京
我生来就有哮喘，从没想过我会成为一个跑步者！我加入当地的运动俱乐部仅仅是因为我的医生告诉我，就我这种情况而言，运动可以改善我的肺部功能。不知不觉中，我参加了当地的比赛。随着我的健康水平和跑步水平的提高，我开始参加全国性的比赛。今年我在18岁以下的10,000米比赛中得了银牌！而且说不定，明年我就能赢得金牌呢！
莎拉，36岁，蒙特利尔
不久前，我没有做任何运动，甚至没有慢跑！然后我发现了一个叫“跑步动力”的应用程序。它列出了你在社交网络中与其他跑步者的比赛表现。起初，我坚持跑步，只是为了看到我的名字在前五名。很快，我发现我并不孤单——我在同一地区遇到了其他跑步者，他们都是为了同样的目的跑步！现在我不再使用这个应用程序了，但我已经爱上了跑步，而且仍然和我的跑步的朋友一起跑步。
大卫，52岁，纽约
作为一名计算机工程师，总是有一个新的挑战就在眼前！有时压力可能会很大，然而这反过来又让我感到焦虑。为了帮助解决这个问题，我尽可能经常跑步。无论我是在健身房还是在路上，我紧张的情绪促使我跑过第一英里。到了第二英里，紧张感已经从我的头脑转移到了我的腿上。到跑步快结束时，我所有的压力都消失了，我准备好面对第二天的工作了！
格蕾丝，25岁，曼彻斯特
今年我参加了伦敦的大猩猩跑。这是大猩猩组织运作的一个项目，目的是筹集资金以拯救世界上最后仅存的大猩猩们免于灭绝。每个跑步者都会收到一套大猩猩服，然后就开始跑了！衣服里面有点热，被汗水湿透了，我的腿很痛，但是很有趣。最有趣的时刻是，有人在观看比赛时给了我一根香蕉——这对一只奔跑的大猩猩真是一个好事！我在伦敦度过了美好的一天，同时也帮助拯救了大猩猩！
课堂合作探究
1 power n. 力量；控制力；动力；权力，影响力(P33)
归纳 拓展 (1)in power 当权，掌权 in/within one's power 在某人的控制下，某人有权/能力做…… beyond one's power 超出某人的能力；某人力所不能及的 come to/into power 上台，执政，当权 have the power to do sth./of doing sth. 具有做某事的能力 (2)powerful adj. 强有力的，有权势的
①It seems that everything is in_our_monitor's_power.
看起来好像一切都在我们班长的控制之下。
②I regret to tell you that your problems are beyond_my_power.
我很抱歉地告诉你，你的问题超出了我的能力范围。
③The new president came_into_power last month.
新总统上个月开始执政。
④I have_the_power_to make positive changes in my life.
我有能力对我的人生做出积极的改变。
(1)单句语法填空
①China is becoming more and more ________ (power) in the world.
②Do not command me to do something ________ my power.
③Policemen have the power ________ (arrest) people who do not obey the laws.
答案：①powerful ②beyond ③to arrest
(2)单句写作
①如果在我能力范围之内，我会尽力去做的。
I'll do all if it is ____________________.
②我不能给你退款。这恐怕超出我的能力范围。
I can't give you a refund. I'm afraid it's ____________________.
答案：①within my power ②beyond my power
2 inspire v. 鼓舞，激励(P34)
归纳 拓展 (1)inspire sb. to do sth. 激励/鼓励某人做某事 inspire sth. in sb.＝inspire sb. with sth. 使某人产生某种感情；激发某人的某种感情 (2)inspiration n. [U]灵感；启示 [C]鼓舞人心的人(或事物) inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
①He inspired many young people to_take_up the sport.
他激励了许多年轻人从事体育运动。
②The father inspired_confidence_in his son.
＝The father inspired_his_son_with confidence.
那位父亲激发儿子产生自信。
③Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration for an artist.
梦境可以成为艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。
(1)单句语法填空
①His noble example inspired us ________ (make) greater efforts.
②His speech was ________ (inspire) and touched my heart.
③Many poets and artists draw their ________ (inspire) from nature.
答案：①to make ②inspiring ③inspiration
(2)一句多译
他的话燃起了我的希望。
①His words ________________ hope.
②His words ________________ me.
答案：①inspired me with ②inspired hope in
3 persuade v. 说服，劝服(P35)
归纳 拓展 persuade sb. to do/into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. not to do/out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事 persuade sb. of sth./that ... 使某人相信……
①I managed to persuade my classmates to_accept/into_accepting my idea.
我设法说服我的同学接受我的观点。
②She persuaded her daughter not_to_smoke/out_of_smoking.
她说服女儿不要抽烟。
③He persuaded me of his honesty.
＝He persuaded me that he was honest.
他使我相信他的诚实。
(1)单句语法填空
①They couldn't persuaded him ________ the urgency of this matter.
②How can we persuade them ________ (join) us?
答案：①of ②to join
(2)句型转换
We tried to persuade him not to go swimming, but in vain.
→We tried to persuade him ____________________， but in vain.
答案：out of going swimming
die out消失，绝迹，灭绝(P33)
归纳 拓展 (1)die of/from 死于 die away (声、光、风等)渐弱，逐渐消失 die down (火、暴风雨、光)渐弱；(声音)平息 die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡 (2)be dying to do sth. 极想做某事 be dying for sth. 渴望某物
①With the living environment becoming worse and worse, many of the earth's species are dying_out.
随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种正在灭绝。
②They looked up into the sky until the noise of the rocket died_away.
他们抬头往天空看，直到火箭发射的声音渐渐远去。
③When the applause had died_down,_she began her speech.
掌声平息后，她开始演讲。
④The bamboo forest burst into flowers and then died_off.
竹林突然开花，然后相继死去。
⑤London was a new world to me and I was_dying_to find out more about it for myself.
伦敦对我来说是个新世界，我渴望更多地了解这个城市。
⑥His grandfather died_from an earthquake.
他的爷爷死于地震。
⑦To his sorrow, his wife died_of heart attack last year.
令他悲伤的是他的妻子去年死于心脏病。
单句语法填空
①Although the wind has died________， the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.
②As the sound of the music died ________， the film came to an end.
③This species has nearly died ________ because its habitat is being destroyed.
④All the applicants are dying ________ (pass) the interview.
⑤It is true that more and more people die ________ cancer.
答案：①down ②away ③out ④to pass ⑤of
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She was ________ (说服) by a group of friends to get up on stage.
答案：persuaded
2．He is keen to point out the benefits that the family ________ (联络网) can provide.
答案：network
3．Can you ________ (解释) the meaning of what he remarked at the end of the meeting?
答案：interpret
4．It took him 10 years to become the world ________ (冠军) again.
答案：champion
5．The study was based on ________ (数据) from 2,100 teenagers.
答案：data
6．Her nervousness quickly ________ (消失) once she was on stage.
答案：disappeared
7．How can you like catching the bus? It's hot and ________ (流汗的)!
答案：sweaty
8．The ________ (最终的) decision lies with the parents.
答案：ultimate
9．Smiling and laughing has actually been shown to relieve ________ (紧张) and stress.
答案：tension
10．My legs ________ (疼) after I'd been walking all day.
答案：ached
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I think China will become more and more ________ (power) in the future.
答案：powerful
2．What the teacher said inspired me ________ (try) again.
答案：to try
3．I tried to persuade him ________ (go) there with us, but he refused.
答案：to go
4．The prince ________ (fall) in love with Snow White as soon as he saw her.
答案：fell
5．She ________ (born) with a beautiful singing voice.
答案：was born
Ⅲ.选词填空
take part in; at first; come across; at times; die out
1．He was very nervous ________， but soon he calmed down.
答案：at first
2．I ________ an old friend of mine in the street yesterday.
答案：came across
3．His toes are hurt and he is unable to ________ today's basketball game.
答案：take part in
4．If these animals and plants ________， we will never see them again.
答案：die out
5．The climate in our city is warm and wet, but it can be cold ________.
答案：at times
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．春节即将来临。
The Spring Festival is just ________________.
答案：around the corner
2．我不再相信他。
I ________________ believe him.
答案：no longer
3．任何理论都来源于实践，反过来为实践服务。
All theories originate from practice and ________________ serve practice.
答案：in turn
4．这次活动是为无家可归的人筹款。
The activity is to ________________ for the homeless people.
答案：raise money
5．我们应该尽全力保护这些动物免遭灭绝。
We should try our best to protect the animals from ________________.
答案：dying out
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 完形填空
At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to __1__ bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of __2__ but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my __3__.
When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me __4__. I didn't want to live the rest of my life with this __5__ weight any more.
That year, I __6__ a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her __7__ story—she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.
__8__ by her story, I created the As We Heal (痊愈), the World Heals __9__. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 __10__ a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world __11__ me as the perfect solution.
__12__ I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would __13__ the same difficulties that beat me before. While the __14__ hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right __15__. I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began __16__ in from hundreds of people.
Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician (内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and __17__ meals. My fund?raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise __18__.
A year later, I __19__ my goal：I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000！I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is __20__ and enormous.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。肥胖一直困扰着作者，在尝试了多种方法之后仍未解决这个问题。后来在一次培训会上，50岁的作者受到了一位女士减肥经历的启发，最终成功瘦了下来，同时还为一个致力于终结饥饿的活动募集了资金。
1．A.add B．mix
C．kill D．share
答案：C 根据下文中的“to make myself feel better”可知，此处应填kill，表示用这种方式来消除(kill)负面情绪。
2．A.diets B．drinks
C．fruits D．dishes
答案：A 根据上文提到的“weighed 370 pounds”以及“food”“health”可知，此处是说“我”尝试了很多不同的节食(diets)方法。
3．A.height B．ability
C．wisdom D．weight
答案：D 上文提到尝试了很多不同的节食方法，下文接着提到“weight problem”，所以此处表示“我”对自己的体重(weight)束手无策。
4．A.temporarily B．recently
C．seriously D．secretly
答案：C 根据后句“I didn't want to live the rest of my life ...”可知，体重问题开始严重地(seriously)影响“我”。
5．A.ideal B．extra
C．normal D．low
答案：B 根据语境可知，“我”的体重严重超标，“我”不想带着这些额外的(extra)重量度过余生。
6．A.attended B．organized
C．recommended D．mentioned
答案：A 根据下文可知，此处应是“我”参加(attended)了一个培训会。
7．A.folk B．success
C．adventure D．science
答案：B 根据下文中的“she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised$25,000”可知，这位领导分享的应是她成功(success)的故事。
8．A.Surprised B．Amused
C．Influenced D．Disturbed
答案：C 根据上下文可知，作者深受一位培训会领导者成功故事的影响(influenced)，自己创办了一个项目。
9．A.project B．business
C．system D．custom
答案：A 根据上文中的“we were asked to create a project”可知，此处应填project。
10．A.in search of B．in need of
C．in place of D．in support of
答案：D 根据下一句中的“This combination of healing myself and healing the world”可知，募集5万美元是为了支持(in support of)一个30年前成立的旨在消除饥饿的活动。
11．A.scared B．considered
C．confused D．struck
答案：D “我”突然意识到，治愈自己与治愈世界的结合就是一个(减肥的)完美的解决办法。strike sb. as sth. “给某人以某种印象；让某人觉得”。
12．A.As B．Until
C．If D．Unless
答案：A 当“我”开始执行自己的个人减肥计划时，“我”充满了恐惧。as “当……的时候”。
13．A.get over B．run into
C．look for D．put aside
答案：B 此处表示“我”害怕遇到(run into)之前击垮过“我”的同样的困难。
14．A.excitement B．joy
C．anger D．fear
答案：D 根据上文中的“I was filled with the fear”可知，此处应填fear。
15．A.row B．hall
C．path D．street
答案：C 根据下文中的“It worked perfectly.”可知，当恐惧盘旋在“我”脑海时，也有一丝迹象表明“我”朝着正确的轨道(path)前进。
16．A.breaking B．flooding
C．jumping D．stepping
答案：B 此处指人们的捐款如潮水般涌来。break in “破门而入”；flood in “涌入”；jump in “突然插话”；step in “插手”。
17．A.heavy B．full
C．expensive D．healthy
答案：D “我”也开始采取一些切实可行的措施来减肥。“我”咨询内科医生，雇用健身教练，开始吃量少且有益健康的(healthy)食物。
18．A.regularly B．limitlessly
C．suddenly D．randomly
答案：A “我”对筹款的关注也给了“我”新的动力去经常(regularly)锻炼。
19．A.set B．reached
C．missed D．dropped
答案：B 联系上文第四段中的“My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 ...”和本段中的“I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000”可知，“我”实现了(reached)“我”的目标。
20．A.stressful B．painful
C．meaningful D．peaceful
答案：C 通读整篇文章可知，作者本人通过减肥这件事，身心发生了很大的变化，所以此处是作者的感悟：“我”感觉自己被给予了第二次生命，致力于做有意义(meaningful)而伟大的事情。
Ⅱ 七选五
Live longer
Everyone wants to live longer. We try to exercise, eat right and get enough sleep. __1__ Here are a few tips for you to live a longer, happier and healthier life.
Use your mind
Actively use your mind, and you'll cut your risk of developing dementia (痴呆) in half. __2__ Memorize phone numbers in your cellphone. As you put groceries into your basket, add them up in your mind.
Chew (咀嚼) your food
When you eat, chew your food slowly and fully. That makes it easier for your body to use the food nutrients. Also, it takes 20 minutes for your stomach to tell your brain it's full. __3__
Make time for yourself
We all have plenty of stress in our daily lives. Be sure to find some ways to make that stress less. Taking some kind of activities will do you good. __4__ Have dinner out with friends. Start a new hobby. Do something you enjoy, just for you.
It's not about me
__5__ Studies show that volunteering increases your lifespan (寿命). It also builds your social network. And having lots of friends around, especially in old age, helps you live longer.
A．Take an exercise class.
B．But other things can also help.
C．Do things slowly, one at a time.
D．Living longer is not an easy thing.
E．If you want to live longer, help others.
F．Think of fun games to play by yourself.
G．If you eat more slowly, you'll likely eat less.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了让人们生活得幸福、健康、长久的几条建议。
1．B 根据上一句“We try to exercise, eat right and get enough sleep.(人们通过锻炼、饮食合理和睡眠充足等让自己活得长久)”及下文提出让人们生活得幸福、健康、长久的几条建议，可知此处表示活得长久还有其他方法。故选B项。
2．F 根据主题Use your mind可知，本段建议要多用大脑。F项(想出一些趣味游戏来玩)是用脑的一个例子，符合语境。
3．G 根据主题Chew (咀嚼) your food及上文“That makes it easier for your body to use the food nutrients. Also, it takes 20 minutes for your stomach to tell your brain it's full.”可知，咀嚼会使营养容易被身体吸收，此外要过20分钟才能知道自己饱了没有，由此可见应该细嚼慢咽，故选G项。
4．A 根据上一句“Taking some kind of activities will do you good.(做一些对自己有益的活动)”及下文与朋友出去吃饭、开始新的爱好、做自己喜欢做的事，可知此处也应列举可以减轻压力的活动，故选A项。
5．E 根据下文“Studies show that volunteering increases your lifespan (寿命)．”可知帮助别人能增加寿命，由此可见如果想寿命长，就要帮助别人。故选E项。
Ⅲ 语法填空
Findings suggest that playing with smartphones before sleep __1__ (be) positively associated with insomnia (失眠症). Recent __2__ (study) show that nearly 24 percent of Chinese people suffer from insomnia and __3__ number of young people affected is rising. And more than 60 percent of people born after 1990, the group that are most likely __4__ (use) their smartphones just before sleep, do not sleep well.
Bedtime mobile phone use is an unhealthy sleep habit because __5__ can delay falling asleep and reduce sleep quality. According to the research, nearly three－quarters of the young people fall asleep each night with their phones __6__ reach. About 60 percent of them use their smartphones for up to 80 minutes before sleep. And 54.7 percent of the people aged between 18 and 25 go to bed __7__ (late) than 12 am.
Good sleep is helpful in protecting the brain's neurons (神经元) and lack of sleep for long periods can __8__ (danger) health. Therefore, all people, including the young, __9__ (advise) to avoid using electronic devices one hour before sleep and go to bed at fixed times. But it is __10__ (benefit) to sleep if people listen to soft music and read books before going to bed.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了造成失眠的一些原因以及拥有好的睡眠的益处。
1．is 考查主谓一致。句意：研究结果表明，睡前玩智能手机与失眠症呈正相关。本空主语为动名词短语playing with smartphones before sleep，故本空谓语动词应用单数is。
2．studies 考查名词。根据空格后的show可知，本空应用名词复数形式，故填studies。
3．the 考查冠词。the number of ... 意为“……的数量”，故填定冠词the。
4．to use 考查非谓语动词。be likely to do意为“可能做某事”，故填to use。
5．it 考查代词。指代前面的Bedtime mobile phone use，故应用代词it。
6．within 考查介词。句意：根据研究，几乎3/4的年轻人，睡着时手机都在可以够得着的范围内。within reach意为“伸手可及的”，故填介词within。
7．later 考查副词的比较级。根据空格后的than可知本空应用比较级修饰，故填later。
8．endanger 考查词性转换。情态动词后应用动词原形，故填endanger。
9．are advised 考查动词的语态。all people与advise之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态 are advised。
10．beneficial 考查词性转换。be动词后面应用形容词作表语，故填形容词beneficial。
Ⅳ 概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The familiar yellow school bus is the largest system of mass transportation in the US and every school day transports roughly 25 million young people to school and home again after the school day ends. Meanwhile, they are the safest method for getting kids to and from school, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Children are 70 times more likely to arrive at school safely on the school bus than if they had traveled to school driving themselves or riding with friends.
These school buses meet more of the nation's motor vehicle safety standards than any other vehicles on the road. Also, several new technologies available today are making school buses even safer, such as video cameras on the inside and outside, stop arm cameras, GPS tracking and collision lessening systems. Another safety tool on school buses is high seat backs, closely－spaced seats and energy－absorbing seating.
But even the safeness of school buses would not completely sum up why children are safer when riding the big, yellow bus. The bus is only as safe as the professional men and women who drive them. All drivers must obtain a Class B or C Commercial Driver's License(CDL). They are randomly tested for alcohol and drugs, usually have their driving record checked, and are given the same review for criminal history as teachers and other employees who have contact with students. In order to serve as a school bus driver, most applicants are required to successfully complete a training course, along with instruction in the classroom and behind the wheel.
School buses are safe for the environment, not only because each bus replaces 36 passenger cars that would, but for the buses, be on the road taking and picking up school children. Additionally, school buses use alternative green fuels like natural gas, and electric power.
Todd Monteferrario, President of the National School Transportation Association, said parents should remember that the safest and smartest choice is to put their children on the big yellow bus when they can.
写前导读：本文是一篇议论文，主要论述在美国为什么学生上下学乘坐校车是安全而明智的选择。
[精彩范文]
The school bus is the safest and wisest choice to school in the US for the following reasons. (要点1) Firstly, school buses not only meet high vehicle safety standards but also are technologically equipped. (要点2) Besides, the bus drivers have to pass strict qualification tests and safety driving trainings. (要点3) Finally, school buses, powered by green fuels, are environmentally safe by reducing the number of private cars hitting the roads. (要点4) Therefore, children are encouraged to go to school by school bus. (要点5)
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课前自学导引
课堂合作探究
课后课时作业
Period Ⅳ Writing |概要写作——运动故事
本单元的写作项目是概要写作，主题为运动故事。作为高中生的大家，运动和学习其实一样重要。只有好的身体，才能让我们有活力、有信心的好好学习文化知识。
写作时要注意以下几点：
1．细读原文，把握大意。
首先要仔细阅读原文，然后对其进行整体分析，掌握原文大意和结构，明确全文的主题和各段的段落大意。运用其特有的活力特征，整体文章应体现积极、健康。
2．提炼要点，转述观点。
分析原文的内容和结构，将各要点分项简明扼要地表述，注意在结构上的顺序。
3．草拟提纲，写出初稿。
将挑选出来的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲，以所列的提纲作为依据写出概要的初稿，并注意专有运动名词的拼写。
1．开头常用句式
①All students are encouraged to take part in a sport.
鼓励所有的学生都要参加一项体育运动。
②You have to have a strong will to compete in individual sports.
你必须意志坚强才能参加个人体育项目的竞争。
③A lot of schools have their own sports teams.
许多学校有自己的运动队。
④She excels at sports.
她在体育运动方面很优秀。
2．主体段落常用句式
①My ambition was to play sport at the highest level.
我的志向就是成为最高水平的运动员。
②Football is the most popular spectator sport.
足球是人们最爱看的运动。
③Kasparov became world champion.
卡斯帕罗夫成了世界冠军。
④After he won the amateur championship he turned professional.
他获得业余赛冠军后就转为了职业运动员。
3．结尾常用句式
①Try to fit some regular exercise into your daily routine.
尽量在日常生活中安排一些经常性的锻炼。
②Gentle exercise can be beneficial for older people.
运动量不大的锻炼对年长者有益。
③You can do exercises to strengthen your stomach muscles.
你可以通过锻炼来增强腹部肌肉。
④Taking regular exercise is the best way to improve your overall health.
经常锻炼是改善整体健康状况的最佳方法。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Who says you have to stay inside your home when it is cold outside? There's an unusual sport practiced in the northern United States, and the season only starts when winds start blowing and the temperature drops below zero.
The sport is called ice boating. Clement Chua, who comes from a much warmer climate, is learning all about ice boating. Chua signed up for an ice boating class because he wanted to do something he couldn't do at home.
One experienced ice boater calls the sport “ephemeral”. In other words, the conditions for ice boating do not happen very often. And when the conditions are right, they are not right for very long.
“You can go for weeks in the winter when you can't go ice boating，” says 81?year?old Lloyd Roberts. Roberts has been ice boating for 40 years. He says dedicated ice boaters make the sport a major event in their lives, just after funerals and weddings. The capital of ice boating in the United States is now the northeastern state of Maine. It once was New Jersey. But the capital moved north because Maine has colder winters than before, and New Jersey's winters are sometimes too warm for good ice to form.
Chua says ice boats are like small sailboats, but they have sharp blades designed for skimming over the ice. The boats catch the wind and move fast on clear and smooth ice. Roberts says there are only about six good days for ice boating each winter. Jim Thieler is a serious ice boater. He says there is always a concern about getting wet, because sometimes the ice is not strong enough to support the weight of both the boat and the boater. That is why ice boaters always go out in groups, and wear special equipment. You need to wear cleats to avoid slipping on the ice. You also need warm clothes, because sometimes the wind will stop blowing, and boaters can stay in the cold for a long period of time before they make it back to the land.
[精彩范文]
Ice boating in winter in the northern United States becomes popular with people. (要点1) Ice boating is a unique activity, which requires special weather conditions, skills and courage. (要点2) Now the capital has moved from New Jersey to Maine, which mainly results from the temperature. (要点3) For those who are interested in the sport, some protective measures are essential in case of danger. (要点4)
总评 本篇范文将原文整理为四个要点，第一个要点是对文章的总体概括；接着，按照原文的顺序，在不曲解文章大意的基础上，进行了同义句转换，用词精准、句式高级。
[亮点呈现]
(1)Ice boating is a unique activity, which requires ... 使用了定语从句，使表达更加清晰准确。
(2)in case of 使用固定短语，传达句意清楚又不失精炼。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Group exercise is one of the most useful ways to improve physical health and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Group exercise is challenging but fun! Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body. However, studies have shown that when exercise is done in groups, it is great for improving not only physical health but also mental health. It is a chance to be social and improve your strength. Also, group exercise creates a community (团体) feel and the shared common goal makes participants work hard.
Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor. If you fear the gym because you feel lost and don't want to embarrass yourself, then group training is a better choice for you. It is an awesome chance to learn more about health through the clear instruction and supervision (监督) of a fitness instructor. If you are tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an optimistic group exercise class that will keep your exercise in the right direction.
If you are serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle, it is very important to surround yourself with people who will provide you with the proper emotional support. I wouldn't speak angrily to anyone for deciding to party on the weekends, and in turn I wouldn't expect anyone to scold me for focusing on my health. Surround yourself with people who encourage and understand you! Plan to go for a jog with a friend, and then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar! Surrounding yourself with people who will provide you with support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health goals. First, decide to do it for yourself and work towards maintaining a positive mind. Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don't let negativity (消极性) ruin your motivation (积极性)．
写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。想运动却又不能坚持，不如试试团体运动！
[精彩范文]
课外拓展阅读——中国优秀传统文化专题练
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
First built in 495 AD, Shaolin Temple is famous __1__ the coexistence (共存) of Chan School (禅学) and martial arts. It became famous in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the early Tang Dynasty, the 13 monks __2__ (give) titles for helping the army of the Tang Dynasty. Soon the Shaolin martial art developed into its own system and became famous as the unique Shaolin School among Chinese martial circles.
During the Yuan and Ming dynasties, Shaolin Temple __3__ (house) many monks and became a large Buddhist temple __4__ (know) at home and abroad. Today it has become __5__ attractive tourist destination in China.
Shaolin Temple once had many monks. Those monks __6__ (most) came from the secular (世俗的) society and some of them even knew some martial arts __7__ they entered the temple. Those __8__ knew martial arts taught and helped each other __9__ (improve) their skills. Now, Shaolin Temple is one of China's most famous ancient __10__ (temple) for domestic tourists, as well as visitors from all over the world.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
答案：1.for 2.were given 3.housed 4.known 5.an
6．mostly 7.before 8.who 9.to improve 10.temples
Located in the Songshan Mountain, Shaolin Temple is famous not only as one of China's important Buddhist shrines, but also as the ancient center of Chinese kung fu.
少林寺坐落在嵩山，它不仅仅因为是中国重要的佛教圣地之一而闻名，还因为是古代中国功夫的中心。
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(共20张PPT)
Unit 3 On the move
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．represent v. 代表，表示；表现；描绘；象征→representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的 n. 代表，代理人
represent ... as ... 把……描绘成……
represent sb. as/to_be ... 宣称某人为……
represent oneself_as/to be ... 自称是……/声称是……
represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事
2．basis n. 基础；根据；基准→basic adj. 基础的，基本的→basically adv. 大体上；基本上；总的说来；从根本上说→base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
on the basis of 以……为基础；根据……
base ... on/upon ... 把……置于……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
3．equipment n. 装备，设备，用具→equip vt. 装备，配备
equip ... with ... 用……装备……
be_equipped_with 装备着……
equip sb. for ... 使某人为……做好准备
4．content n. 满意，满足；内容；含量；目录 vt. 使满意，使满足 adj. 满意的，满足的
to_one's_heart's_content 尽情地，心满意足地
content oneself with sth. 满足于……；对……感到满意
be/feel content with sth. 对某事感到满意/满足
be content to_do sth. 满足于做某事；乐意做某事
5．defend v. (在比赛中)防守，防卫→defence n. 辩护；保卫；防卫
defend ... from/against ... 保护……免遭……；抵御……
defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护
in defence of为……辩护；保卫……
6．assure v. 向……保证，使确信；弄清，查明→assurance n. 保证；担保
assure sb._that ... 向某人保证……
assure sb. of sth. 向某人保证某事
assure oneself that .../of sth. 弄清……；查明……；使自己对……确信不疑或觉得肯定无误
7．adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的→adjust v. 调整，调节；(使)适应→adjustment n. 调整
adjust to (doing) sth. 适应于(做)……
adjust oneself_to ... 使自己适应于……
adjust sth. to sth. 调整……以适应……
make adjustments/an adjustment to 对……做出调整
8．balance n. 平衡；天平，秤；余额 v. 使平衡；权衡→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的
keep_one's_balance 保持平衡
lose_one's_balance 失去平衡
eat/have_a_balanced_diet 吃均衡的饮食
9．involve v. 包含，需要；涉及；使参与→involved adj. 复杂的；有关的，涉及的
involve sb. in sth. 使某人参与某事
involve doing sth. 需要做某事；包括做某事
be/get involved in 参加；被卷入……之中
10．response n. 回答，答复→respond vi. 回答；响应；做出反应
make_no response 不回答
in response to 对……做出反应；应……的要求
respond to＝make response to对……做出反应/回答
11．power n. 力量；控制力；动力；权力，影响力→powerful adj. 强有力的，有权势的
in power 当权，掌权
in/within one's power 在某人的控制下，某人有权/能力做……
beyond one's power 超出某人的能力；某人力所不能及的
come to/into power 上台，执政，当权
have the power to_do sth./of_doing sth. 具有做某事的能力
12．inspire v. 鼓舞，激励→inspiration n. [U]灵感；启示 [C] 鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
inspire sb. to_do sth. 激励/鼓励某人做某事
inspire sth. in sb.＝inspire sb. with sth. 使某人产生某种感情；激发某人的某种感情
13．persuade v. 说服，劝服
persuade sb. to_do/into_doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not_to_do/out_of_doing sth.说服某人不做某事
persuade sb. of sth./that ... 使某人相信……
14．die out 消失，绝迹，灭绝
die of/from 死于
die away (声、光、风等)渐弱，逐渐消失
die down (火、暴风雨、光)渐弱；(声音)平息
die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡
be dying to_do sth. 极想做某事
be dying for sth. 渴望某事
Ⅱ.教材原句
1．Given_that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the_most_popular_sport_out_of_this_world! (P26)
鉴于尼尔·阿姆斯特朗想把足球带到月球上，我们甚至可以说它也是这个世界以外最受欢迎的运动！
2．That_football_is_such_a_simple_game_to_play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. (P26)
足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。
3．What's_more,_football has become one_of_the_best_ways_for_people_to_'
communicate:_it does not require words, but everyone understands it. (P27)
更重要的是，足球已经成为人们交流的最佳方式之一：它不需要言语，但每个人都能理解。
4．This global site is a place for runners to_share_their_stories_about_running. (P32)
这个全球网站是跑步者分享有关跑步的故事的地方。
5．It can be quite stressful at_times,_though,_which_in_turn_makes_me_
feel_anxious. (P33)
有时压力可能会很大，然而这反过来又让我感到焦虑。
6．This is a programme run by The Gorilla Organization to raise money to_save_the_world's_last_remaining_gorillas_from_dying_out. (P33)
这是大猩猩组织运作的一个项目，目的是筹集资金以拯救世界上最后仅存的大猩猩们免于灭绝。
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The chart shows the daily amounts recommended for an adult to achieve a ________ (balance) diet.
答案：balanced
2．The accident that happened yesterday caused three ________ (die).
答案：deaths
3．We assure you ________ our best services at all times.
答案：of
4．He is a ________ (power) person—everyone listens to him.
答案：powerful
5．He drew that conclusion ________ the basis of the facts.
答案：on
6．Various ________ (factor) contributed to his failure.
答案：factors
7．Neither of his parents is content ________ the result.
答案：with
8．It was some time before the door opened in response ________ his ring.
答案：to
9．What ________ (inspire) news it is!
答案：inspiring
10．After he had been ill for a week, we finally persuaded him ________ (see) a doctor.
答案：to see
Ⅳ.开放型任务
观看一场你喜欢的运动的比赛或者亲身实践，积极参加一次体育锻炼，如游泳、打排球，把这个过程中的所见、所闻和所想写成一个sports story和同学们分享吧！
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