人教高中英语必修3Unit4 Astronomy: the science of the stars The Subject Clause课件（共20张PPT）

(共20张PPT)
Subject Clause
名词性从句
分类 备注
主语从句 在复合句中作主语
宾语从句 在复合句中作宾语
表语从句 在复合句中作表语
同位语从句 在复合句中作同位语
主语从句
找出下列句子的主语。
His job is important
What he does is important.
句子作主语,叫主语从句
名词性短语作主语
That smoking is harmful to our health is a fact.
This is a fact.
指示代词作主语
句子作主语,叫主语从句
主语从句的引导词
类别 连接词
从属连词 that,whether,if
连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,what
连接副词 when,where,how,why
that
That smoking is harmful to our health is a fact.
That you don’t like him is none of my business.
It is obvious that he didn’t do it himself.
Summary:
that 连接主句和从句；
在从句中不充当成分；
无含义；不可以省略。
that+完整句=名词
whether
Whether she will agree with us is not clear.
Whether you will succeed or not is very important to me.
It is still a question whether she will come or not.
Summary:
whether连接主句和从句；
在从句中不充当成分；
表示“是否”。
不能省略。
if
whether引导主语从句放在主句之后时，可用if来代替。
It is not clear whether he likes the present.
=It is not clear if he likes the present.
再次提醒：if 引导的主语从句不能置于句首，只能置于句末。
改错
If she will come to his birthday party is still unknown.

Whether she will come to his birthday party is still unknown.
X
√
what,who,whom,whose,which
Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.
What we need is more practice.
Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
Which team will win the game is not clear.
Whose wallet was lost is unknown.


总结：连接代词在主语从句中要充当成分
when,where,how,why
When they will leave is not decided.
Where she is from is mysetery.
How he became a great scientist is known to us.
Why so many people prefer to live in the city is beyond me.
总结：连接副词在主语从句中要作状语。
it构成的主语从句
由于主语从句一般较长，为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末。常用的主要有以下五种句型：
1. It+be+名词词组+主语从句
常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder等。
It is a miracle that you love me.
英语在世界上被广泛使用是一个事实。
It is a fact that English is used widely in the world.
2. It+be+形容词+主语从句
It is obvious that you’ve made a big mistake.
他今晚有可能不能来参加聚会。
It is likely that he can’t come to the party tonight.
注意:当此结构中的形容词是necessary,important,essential等时，主语从句的谓语用“（should+）动词原形”，即从句要用虚拟语气。
It is important that we ______(learn) English well.
It is necessary that you _____(master) some computer skills.
(should) learn
should master
3. it+及物动词+宾语+主语从句
It worried her a lot that her son was crazy about computer games.
你突然来看我让我很吃惊。
It surprised me that you came to visit me.
4. it+不及物动词+主语从句
It happened that I had no money with me that day.
他是否回来无关紧要。
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.
5. it+be+过去分词+主语从句
It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.
据说Mr. Green已经到达伦敦。
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in London.

注意：当结构中过去分词是suggested，adviced,ordered,requested,insisted,required等表示建议、要求、命令等的词语时，主语从句的谓语用“（ should+ ）动词原形”。
It was ordered that we________(arrive) there in half an hour.
It is suggested that the meeting_____(be) put off.
(should) arrive
(should) be
在insist,demand,order,suggest,propose,advise,desire等表示要求、命令、建议、坚持等意义的动词后，that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词常用“(should+)动词原形”，表示虚拟。

The policeman demanded that the gate_________(be) shut.
(should) be