高中英语人教必修5Unit 1Great Scientists Warming Up & Reading 课件（126张）

课件126张PPT。Unit 1　Great scientists
Warming Up & Reading　 【单词认知】
1. 场景词汇
(1)physical _____________(特征)
(2) ________(科学的) reasearch
(3)face the ________(挑战)
(4) a ______( 受害者) of an accidentcharacteristicsscientificchallengevictim(5)a telephone _______(询问)
(6) ______(恶劣的) weather conditions
(7) take the ______(责任) for the mistakes
(8)the ____(联系)between smoking and lung cancerenquirysevereblamelink2. 职业词汇
(1)a famous _______(画家)
(2)an ______(专家)at chess
(3)a personal _________(医生)painterexpertphysician3. 行为词汇
(1) ________(结束) with a song
(2) _______(分析)the results
(3) ______(击败) enemies
(4) ______(出席) the meetingconcludeanalysedefeatattend(5) ______(揭露) the secret
(6) ____(治疗) me of my cold
(7) ______(吸收)heat
(8) _______(怀疑)the truth of the information
(9) ______(预见) the future
(10) ______(污染) the environment exposecureabsorbsuspectforeseepollute(11) _________(宣布) the end of the war
(12) _______(指导)students to do some researchannounceinstruct【短语体验】
1. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的短语
(1)The students have ___________(提出) a series of
questions. ?
(2)From what is said above, we can ________________
(得出结论). ?put forwarddraw a conclusion(3)He ________________(决定)become a world-class player. ?was determined to(4)It is Jack, not I, that should __________(应受责备). ?
(5)The car ___________(慢下来) as they passed
Customs. ? be to blameslowed down2. 用适当的介词或副词填空
(1)Nowadays, a lot of children are exposed __ many
computer games.
(2)He has promised to look ____ the matter.
(3)Scientists believe this disease is linked __ smoking.
(4)He is prevented by law _____ holding a licence.
(5)Gere became interested __ literature in the 1970s. tointotofromin【构词规律】
根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。
1. -sion常用于动词后, 构成名词
conclude→conclusion n. 结论
discuss→_________ n. 讨论
express→_________ n. 表达discussionexpression2. 动词+down构成动词短语
slow down 减速 ___ down 放下 ____ down 拒绝
___ down 砍倒 _____ down 安顿下来 ____ down记下setturncutsettletakeⅠ. 文本整体理解: 提取语篇关键要素Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息
1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)According to John Snow’s view, ______. ?
A. Queen Victoria suffered a lot from bad health
B. a cure had been found for cholera before his time
C. cholera’s cause had to be discovered in order to control it
D. thousands of terrified people knew what they should do(2)After he made further investigations, John Snow found ______. ?
A. cholera multiplied in the air
B. people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals
C. the water from the polluted river was to blame
D. flies spread the disease (3)How did he find out the cause of the disease?
A. By living in the area where cholera broke out.
B. By marking a map where all the dead people had lived.
C. By telling the terrified people how to prevent it.
D. By saving the dying people suffering from cholera. (4)How was “King Cholera” defeated?
A. By not polluting the river again.
B. By eating healthy diets.
C. By delivering the water from other rivers.
D. By stopping drinking the polluted water.
答案: (1)～(4)CCBD 2. 根据文章内容完成空格。deadlyairmealsinformationmapto blamepolluteddiedvirusexaminedⅢ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。译文: _________________________________________
__________________________他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手, 这样水泵就用不成了。译文: 有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的, 她特别喜欢从那
里的泵中抽出的水, _____________________________。每天都要派人去打水运到家里来译文: 为了防止这种情况再度发生, 约翰·斯诺建议
_____________________。所有水源都要经过检测2. 结合课文主题回答下列问题。
(1)What are the good qualities of great scientists?
_________________________________________________
_____________________. ?To be patient, strict, strong-willed, ambitious, intelligent,hard-working and so on(2)Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason? _______________________________________________
_____________________________________________
__________________________________________
________________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________. ?No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. Hewas able to identify those households that had manydeaths and check their water-drinking habits. Heidentified those houses that had no deaths and surveyedtheir drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed tothe polluted water being the cause3. 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型, 根据提示写一篇50个词左右的短文。
(1)汤姆是一位著名的科学家, 提出了很多科学的理论 (put forward; scientific)。
(2)他对科学研究很严格, 他敢于质疑别人的观点, 挑战权威, 敢于揭露一些专家的错误观点。(be strict with; suspect; challenge; expose)(3)他非常谨慎, 往往通过缜密的分析来得出令人信服的结论。(cautious; analyse; draw convincing conclusions)
(4)他专心研究、对每一项研究富有责任心, 给世界做出了巨大的贡献。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________【参考范文】
　　Tom was a famous scientist, who put forward
many scientific theories. He was strict with science
researches. He was brave enough to suspect others’
opinions, challenge authority and expose some experts’
wrong views. He was cautious and tended to drawconvincing conclusions by analysing carefully. He was absorbed in researches and responsible for each of them. He made a great contribution to the whole world. 【阅读策略小结】1. put forward 提出
*The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
经理提出了一条建议, 我们应该有一个助手。工作太多了。*(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. 我们不知道谁推荐的奶奶。
*We’ve put the investigation forward by one week.
我们已将调查提前了一周。 词汇复现
*Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. 灭火器喷了两下, 火被扑灭了。【语块积累】
【即学活用】 用适当的介词或副词填空
(1)You are welcome to put ________ your views.
(2)I can eat what I want but I never put ___ weight.
(3)Don’t bother about me! Put ___ the fire first. forwardonout(4)She finished putting the milk _____ and turned
around.
(5)The Association has put the event ___ until October. awayoff2. defeat vt. 打败; 战胜; 使受挫 n. 失败
*(2018·天津高考)Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.
作为新球队的教练, 我很激动, 因为我知道我们会赢, 但令我沮丧的是, 我们被打败了。*(2017·江苏高考)Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart-phones defeated conventional PCs in sales.
仅仅在史蒂夫·乔布斯去世5年后, 智能手机的销售量就打败了传统的个人电脑。
*The world champion has only had two defeats in 20 fights.
这个世界冠军在20场拳击赛中只败过两场。【语块积累】
(1)defeat sth. /sb. 　　 打败、战胜某物或某人
defeat. . . at. . . 　　在某方面打败某人
(2)defeat 　　　　 n. 失败 【易混辨析】【即学活用】
(1)They finally had to ______ _____ ______.
他们最后只得承认他们的失败。
(2) I am sure you can ______ _____ ______ and become strong again soon. 我确信你能战胜疾病, 很快能恢复过来。admittheirdefeatdefeatyourdisease(3)Inspired by him, I was determined __ ______ ___
________. 深受他的鼓舞, 我决定要战胜困难。todefeatthechallenge3. attend vt. 照顾; 护理; 出席; 参加
*(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)We were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
我们被邀请去参加在北岸一个美丽的星空下的农场举行的私人音乐会。*Some experts and physicians attended this important meeting.
一些专家和医生出席了这次重要的大会。 词汇复现
*The main thing is to attend to the injured.
首要任务是照顾伤者。【语块积累】
attend a lecture/school/a meeting　听报告/上学/参加会议
attend (to) sth. 处理某事
attend (on) sb. 护理/照顾某人【易混辨析】【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①I have some urgent business ________(attend)to. ?
②They ________(attend) college together at the University of Pennsylvania.
③Anne ____________(attend)throughout her school days by her sister. ?to attendattendedwas attended(2)选词填空(join/ join. . . in/attend/ take part in)
①When did your brother ____ the army?
②Why didn’t you ____ us __ climbing the moutain
last week?
③I will ______ an important meeting tomorrow.
④They returned to ___________ the season’s opening
game. ?joinjoininattendtake part in4. expose vt. 暴露; 揭露; 使曝光
*But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓时, 他就感到很振奋。*The more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night. 鸟儿接触的亮光越多, 它们在夜晚就越活跃。
*The exposure to the radium for a long time may do severe harm to people. 词汇复现
长时间接触镭会对人造成严重的伤害。【语块积累】
(1)be exposed to sth. 　　接触某物; 暴露于某物
exposed to sth. 受……威胁的; 暴露于……的(常作定语)
expose. . . to. . . 使……对……有所接触; 使……暴露在……中
(2)exposure n. 暴露; 接触(后多接to) 【巧学助记】 漫画趣解expose【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)Do not expose babies __ strong sunlight.
(2)This medicine is not to __________(expose) to
daylight. ?
(3)Continuous ________(expose) to sound above 80
decibels could be harmful.
(4)He laughed, ________(expose) his white teeth. tobe exposedexposureexposing【拓展训练】 句型转换。
If you expose yourself to the dangerous gas too much, you will get harmed.
→ If you _____________ the dangerous gas too much, you will get harmed. (被动语态)
→ If _________________________ the dangerous gas too much, you will get harmed. (状语从句省略)are exposed toexposed/exposing yourself to→ __________________________the dangerous gas too much, you will get harmed. (非谓语动词作状语)?Exposed/Exposing yourself to5. cure n. 治愈; 痊愈 vt. 治愈; 治疗
*(2018·江苏高考) There was no cure, only pain relief.
无法治愈, 只能减轻痛苦。
*This new medicine will cure the victim of his serious injury.
这种新药能治疗他严重的伤患。 词汇复现【语块积累】
a cure for. . . 　　　治疗……病的方法
cure sb. (of sth. ) 治好某人(的病); 矫正/改掉某人(的不良习惯)【易混辨析】*The doctor treated Mike for his headache with a new drug but didn’t cure him of it. 医生用一种新药给迈克治疗头痛, 但没治好。【知识延伸】
常见的“动词+sb. +of+sth. ”结构还有:
①remind sb. of sth. 　 提醒某人某事
②warn sb. of sth. 　 警告某人某事
③rob sb. of sth. 　 抢某人的某物
④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
⑤cheat sb. of sth. 　 欺骗某人某事【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)TB is a serious illness, but it can ________(cure). ?
(2)There is still no cure ___ a cold.
(3)Now doctors believe they have cured him __ the
disease. be curedforof6. absorb vt. 吸收; 吸引; 使专心
*The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。*(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.
这些小伙子们对学业如此用心, 我只有坐在后面观看的份了。
*The expert was absorbed in analysing the result of the investigation. 词汇复现
专家专心于分析调查的结果。【语块积累】
(1)absorb sth. into. . . 　　　把……吸入……
absorb oneself in 全神贯注于
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的
be/become/get absorbed in 全神贯注于; 沉迷于; 全身心地投入 【名师点津】
　　be absorbed in (doing) sth. 结构在句中作状语、定语时, 常用其过去分词形式absorbed in (doing) sth. 。【知识延伸】
be+v. -ed + in 结构的短语:
be lost in . . . 　 陷入……; 专心致志于……
be caught in . . . 被困在……
be buried in . . . 埋头于……
be devoted to . . . 致力于……; 专心于……【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①(2018·北京高考) _________(absorb) in every move of
mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by
this unique culture. 世纪金榜导学号
②They ____________(absorb) in the experiment. ?
③The drug is quickly absorbed ____ the bloodstream. Absorbedare absorbedinto(2)Students ___ often ________ __ computer games, which is harmful to their eyes.
学生们经常专注于电脑游戏, 这对他们的眼睛有害。areabsorbedin(3)一句多译
我当时正在用心读书, 没有听到你的电话。
→I ____ ________ __ a book and didn’t hear your call.
→_________ __ a book, I didn’t hear your call. wasabsorbedinAbsorbedin7. suspect vt. 认为, 怀疑 n. 被怀疑者; 嫌疑犯
*John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.
约翰·斯诺觉得第二种看法是正确的, 但是他需要证据。
*The drug is suspected of causing over 200 deaths.
人们怀疑这种药物造成200多人死亡。*The police will see him as the prime suspect!
警方会把他当作头号嫌疑人! 【语块积累】
(1) suspect sth. /that. . . 　　怀疑/认为……
be suspect of doing sth. 被怀疑做了某事
suspect sb. to be 怀疑/猜想某人是……
(2)suspect n. 嫌疑犯/人; 嫌疑; 猜测 【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)We suspect him _____(be) a liar. ?
(2)People suspect the company of ______(sell) products of poor quality.
(3)They suspected ____ their son was not telling the truth. to besellingthat8. blame vt. 责备; 谴责 n. 过失; 责备
*Don’t always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame.
不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人, 有时该怪你自己。
*You should not blame others for what is your own fault.
自己做错了, 不能赖别人。*(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.
很多人发现早上很难起床, 并且把责任归于闹钟。【语块积累】
(1)blame sth. on sb. 　 把某事怪到某人头上
be to blame(for. . . ) (因……)应受责备; 应负责任
blame sb. for sth. 因某事而责备某人
(2)put/lay the blame on/for. . . 把某事归咎于……
get/accept/bear/take the blame for . . .
对……负责 【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)I don’t blame you ___ thinking that way.
(2)You are not ________(blame), it is his fault. ?
(3)She seemed to be putting most of the blame ___ her mother. forto blameon9. instruct vt. 命令; 指示; 教导
*The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.
自来水公司接到指令, 不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。*The physician instructed the nurse to announce the bad news.
医生指示护士宣布这个坏消息。 词汇复现
*Follow the instructions on the packet carefully.
仔细按照包装上的说明操作。【语块积累】
(1)instruct sb. to do sth. 命令/指示/吩咐某人做某事
instruct sth. /sb. in. . . 教某事物/某人……
instruct (that) sb. (should) do sth. 命令某人做某事
(2)instructions n. 指示; 用法说明(常用复数)
under one’s instruction 在某人指导下
(3)instructor n. 教练; 导师【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)Always read the ___________(instruct) before you start to handle this machine.
(2)I saw there were two __________(instruct) on board and a man lying across the middle.
(3)We’ve always instructed him ______(help)those in need. ?instructionsinstructorsto help10. It seemed that the water was to blame. ?
看来水是罪魁祸首。【句式解构】
　　此句为主从复合句。句中that引导了主语从句, it为形式主语。it seemed/seems that. . . 看起来好像……。
*It seemed (to me) that they enjoyed the game very much.
(在我)看来他们非常喜欢这个游戏。
*It seems that he is not quite himself today.
他今天好像不怎么舒服。【语块积累】
sb. seems to do sth. 某人似乎/好像要做某事
It seems that. . . 看来……, 好像……【即学活用】 一句多译
(1)看来没有人反对这项计划了。
→__ _____ ____ no one is against the plan.
→No one _____ __ ___ against the plan. Itseemsthatseemstobe(2)关于我们的计划, 他好像什么都知道了。
→__ _____ ____ he has learned everything about our
plan.
→He _____ __ have learned everything about our plan. Itseemsthatseemsto【要点拾遗】
1. conclude vt. & vi. 结束; 推断出
*The evening concluded with dinner and speeches.
这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中结束。*We concluded from his remarks that his parents were strict with him. ?
我们从他的话语中推断出他的父母对他非常的严格。
*We can safely draw some conclusions from our discussion.
从讨论中我们可以有把握地得出一些结论。【语块积累】
(1)conclude. . . with. . . . 　　　以……结束……
conclude from. . . that. . . 从……中得出结论
to conclude 最后
(2)conclusion n. 结论
draw a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 最后, 总之
make a conclusion 下结论 【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)What do you base this __________(conclude) on?
(2)We will conclude our concert ____ the National
Anthem.
(3)___ conclude, what he said makes sense.
(4) I conclude _____ your statements that you’re not
in favor. conclusionwithTofrom2. challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向……挑战
*John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.
约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战并解决这个难题。*(2018·天津高考) Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. 尽管3D视频打印食物最近发展迅速, 但是食品业依然有很多需要克服的难题。
*He was a famous expert and was brave to face challenging problems.
他是一个著名的专家, 能勇敢面对挑战性的难题。【语块积累】
(1)face a/the challenge　　　　面对挑战
a challenge to sth. / sb. ……的挑战; 对某物/人来说是个挑战
accept/take up a/the challenge 接受挑战
(2)challenge sb. (to do sth. ) 向某人挑战(做某事);
邀请某人参加挑战 【即学活用】
(1)Mr Wang challenged me ______(play) another tennis
game. ?
(2)Exploring outer space is __ challenge to mankind.
(3)There will be many difficult and __________
(challenge) days ahead. to playachallenging3. pollute vt. 污染; 弄脏
*He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
他发现, 水是从河里来的, 而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。
*We should not pollute our rivers with waste.
我们不应让废弃物污染我们的河川。*The government announced that the level of pollution in the river was falling. 政府宣布这条河中的污染物水平在下降。【语块积累】
(1)polluted by 　　　被……污染的
pollute. . . with. . . 以……污染……
(2)pollution n. 污染 【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) This switch has decreased ________
(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs.
(2) It is probably the most ________(pollute) body of
water in the world.
(3)He said it ___________(pollute) and the air was
dirty. ?pollutionpollutedwas polluted4. handle n. 柄; 把手 vt. 处理; 操纵
*He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.
他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的人们拆掉水泵的把手, 这样, 水泵就用不成了。*(2019·浙江高考)When she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized.
当她挂断电话时, 她后悔自己处理电话的方式。所以她打电话给扎克并道歉。【即学活用】
(1)To tell the truth, I don’t know if I can ______ ___ ___.
说实话, 我不知道自己是否能做好这份工作。
(2) I ______ ___ ______ and found the door was open.
我转了一下门把手, 发现门开着。handlethejobturnedthehandle(3)We must send for an engineer __ ______ ___ ________.
我们必须派人去请一位工程师来处理这个问题。 tohandletheproblem5. link vt. &n. 连接; 联系
*Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders.
警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。
*These two roads link the town to the big city nearby.
这两条路把这个城镇与附近的大城市连接起来。【语块积累】
link. . . to/with 将……与……联系在一起
be linked to 与……有关联【即学活用】 语法填空
(1) Is there __ link between smoking and lung diseases?
(2)It is possible that the Kind of Stonehenge was ______
(link) to the stones.
(3)Many diseases are linked to ________(smoke).
(4)She stayed with them, _______(link)arms with the
two girls, joking with the boys. alinkedsmokinglinking6. announce vt. 宣布; 通告
*With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.
有了这个特别的证据, 约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布, 这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。*(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) He said the lucky woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online. 他说这位幸运的女士将在网站上被公布出来, 整个旅行也会在线分享。【语块积累】
announce that. . . 宣布……
(2)announcement n. 通告, 宣布
announcer n. 播音员, 广播员
make an announcement (that. . . )宣布……【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)The _____________(announce) was broadcast on radio and television.
(2)We are pleased ___________(announce) that all five candidates were successful. ?
(3)It ______________(announce) that new speed restrictions would be introduced. ?announcementto announcewas announced7. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的病源, 也不知道它的治疗方法。【句式解构】
　　此句为简单句。句中neither. . . nor. . . 既不……也不……, 可连接两个并列结构。此处连接两个主语。*(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Remember to get there neither too early nor too late. 记住到达那里既不要太早, 也不要太晚。
*Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.
我妻子和我本人都没能说服女儿改变主意。【名师点津】
(1)neither. . . nor. . . 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于与谓语最近的主语的单复数形式。
(2)neither. . . nor. . . 连接两个分句时, 两个分句都需用部分倒装。【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①He has neither friends ____ relatives.
②Neither the teacher nor his students _____(be) invited to attend this meeting the other day.
(2)_______ ___ he done it, nor will he do it.
他没有做过这件事, 他以后也不会做这件事norwereNeitherhas【一语闻天下】
1. There are over 300 million smokers and 740 million people exposed to second-hand smoke in China. 在中国, 有超过3亿的吸烟者, 有7. 4亿人被暴露在二手烟当中。2. Local officials said the system alerts the police if a suspect is recognized as he enters the station.
当地官员称, 如果有嫌犯在进站时被认出, 系统就会报警。3. China and its auto industry face the challenge of transforming from a big auto country to a globally competitive one.
中国及其汽车工业面临着从汽车大国向汽车强国转变的难题。4. Dubbed “the goddess scientist”, Yanning, 42, is a leading biology researcher at Princeton University in the US. On April 30, she was included among 100 new members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US. 人称“科研女神”的颜宁今年42岁, 是美国普林斯顿大学一位杰出的生物学家。4月30日, 美国国家科学院公布了100名新成员以及25名外籍院士名单, 颜宁位列其中。这一享誉盛名的科研机构旨在嘉奖全美杰出的科研成果。5. It’s this sense of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space exploration. Long exposed to solar winds, the far side may have the special soil and minerals in its upper mantle.
这种未知感令月球背面在科研和太空探索中颇受关注。常年暴露在太阳风之下的月球背面, 或许其上地幔中会有特殊的土壤和矿物质。