高考英语二轮专题复习：完形填空解题技巧课件（25张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮专题复习：完形填空解题技巧课件（25张PPT） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-03-07 21:26:55 | ||
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文档简介
(共25张PPT)
高考完形填空解题技巧
命题特点：
1. 短文长度300词左右，以记叙文、夹叙夹议为主。记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所在。
2. 首句无空格，提供语境。5-10词设一空，人名、 地名、日期、数字不在列。
3. 选项多为一词，偶会为词组。四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴，或近义或反义，或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。有时单独看一句话语法都是正确的，但根据上下文只有一个正确答案。
4. 考查单词以实词(v, n, adj, adv, pron.)为主，虚词(conj,prep.)为辅。实词一般占80%-90%。
5. 考查学生对文章的整体理解；有些要结合常识才能选择正确；有些要求结合上下文的逻辑关系，根据词语的复现做出选择。
考点词性 设题数 设题数
名词 6 7
动词 9 9
形容词 4 3
副词 1 1
2017年
2018年
启示：
从2017年“主要考查学生在阅读理解的基础上
运用词汇和语法的能力”转为2018年“淡化单
纯语法的考查，突出语言知识的综合运用”。
：
高考 A B C D
2016 5 5 5 5
2017 5 5 5 5
2018 5 5 5 5
完形填空四个选项答案分布
四个选项答案分布比较均匀
英语完形填空解题步骤
速览全文，把握大意。
细读首句，摸清文路。
瞻前顾后，准确选择。
复核全文，调整答案。
≈2’
≈1’
≈10’
≈2’
明确短文话题，
了解篇章结构，
预测全文内容
Here are some
Basic skills of cloze
一、速览全文，利用首句解题
例1.
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was ??36?? and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure.”???
A. bright?????? B. useless??????
C. simple??? ??D. hopeful
一、速览全文，利用首句解题
例2.
Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 41
along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 .（2016全国I卷）
41. A. walking B. touring
C．traveling D．rushing
42. A. passengers B. colleagues
C. employers D. customers
I can do it
Two weeks earlier， my son Ben ,had got in touch . He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him . 【2018·全国II卷】
41. A. also B. often C. even D. last
二、看清上下文，找准定位词
例3. Many old people don’t have good _____.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight
1) They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.
C
2) They can’t listen to music or news over the radio, but they can read with glasses.
3) They can’t walk outside, but they can watch TV or listen to music or news over the radio at home.
A
B
利用上下文和前后句，注意近义词、反义词
例4. Traveling ____, today becomes yesterday; traveling west it is tomorrow.
A. south B. east C. north D. west
例5. Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very ____.
A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous
I can do it
His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.
43. A. cared B. forgot
C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. straight
C. larger D. darker
例6. When we talked, I discovered（发现） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little ____ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.
A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later
三、身临语境，逻辑推理
有些答案没能一目了然，需要我们置身语言环境中，根据情节进行推理
例7. My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said．“My ________，Mommy．”
She said，“No．Many people are deaf（聋的）…
A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head
I can do it
…and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange ___ quite pleasant taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. or
例8. Liumei is among the __22__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.
22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent.
四、词语复现，给我意见
完形填空中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇中，使全文句子相互衔接，构成完整、有机的整体
例9. Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like __2__ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.
Having similar friends has many advantages. …
2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar
I can do it
To?the?42of?her?family,?she?borrowed?all?their???43and?taught?herself?to?recognize?everyone’s?footprints?in?the?sand.?More?than?once?her?father?came?outside?shouting,?“Sarah,’’?bring?me 44(back) my?boots.
…She?also?developed?the?annoying?habit?of????47(questioning) everyone.（2017广州一模）
42.?A.?expectation? ?B.?annoyance??
C.?disappointment??D.?delight?
43.?A.?shoes? ?B.?books??C.?socks????D.?tools
词义辨析主要集中在实词，即动词、名词、形容词和副词。
I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go. (天津2016）
24. A. take off B. set off
C. give up D. show up
五、积累词义、精准辨析
起飞，脱下
放弃，交出
动身，
出发
出现，露出
I can do it
I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before.
52. A. graduation B. retirement
C. separation D. resignation
毕业
退休
分开
辞职
One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. 【2016·全国I卷】
45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam
46. A. used B. disabled
C. removed D. abandoned
47. A. got hold of B. prepared
C. took charge of D. controlled
六、根据常识和文化背景
I can do it
Yesterday the sales office rang us to say the car was ____.
A. right??? B. ready??? C. fixed??? D. sold
小结：完形填空解题技巧
一、 速览全文，利用首句解题
二、 看清上下文，找准定位词
三、 身临语境，逻辑推理
四、词语复现，给我意见
五、 积累词义、精准辨析
六、 根据常识和文化背景
完形填空三忌：
忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。
忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。
忌先入为主，一气呵成。做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文得到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。
完成2018年高考卷完形填空部分。（见资料页）
Homework
实战演练：
祝同学们高考旗开得胜！
高考完形填空解题技巧
命题特点：
1. 短文长度300词左右，以记叙文、夹叙夹议为主。记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所在。
2. 首句无空格，提供语境。5-10词设一空，人名、 地名、日期、数字不在列。
3. 选项多为一词，偶会为词组。四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴，或近义或反义，或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。有时单独看一句话语法都是正确的，但根据上下文只有一个正确答案。
4. 考查单词以实词(v, n, adj, adv, pron.)为主，虚词(conj,prep.)为辅。实词一般占80%-90%。
5. 考查学生对文章的整体理解；有些要结合常识才能选择正确；有些要求结合上下文的逻辑关系，根据词语的复现做出选择。
考点词性 设题数 设题数
名词 6 7
动词 9 9
形容词 4 3
副词 1 1
2017年
2018年
启示：
从2017年“主要考查学生在阅读理解的基础上
运用词汇和语法的能力”转为2018年“淡化单
纯语法的考查，突出语言知识的综合运用”。
：
高考 A B C D
2016 5 5 5 5
2017 5 5 5 5
2018 5 5 5 5
完形填空四个选项答案分布
四个选项答案分布比较均匀
英语完形填空解题步骤
速览全文，把握大意。
细读首句，摸清文路。
瞻前顾后，准确选择。
复核全文，调整答案。
≈2’
≈1’
≈10’
≈2’
明确短文话题，
了解篇章结构，
预测全文内容
Here are some
Basic skills of cloze
一、速览全文，利用首句解题
例1.
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was ??36?? and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure.”???
A. bright?????? B. useless??????
C. simple??? ??D. hopeful
一、速览全文，利用首句解题
例2.
Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 41
along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 .（2016全国I卷）
41. A. walking B. touring
C．traveling D．rushing
42. A. passengers B. colleagues
C. employers D. customers
I can do it
Two weeks earlier， my son Ben ,had got in touch . He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him . 【2018·全国II卷】
41. A. also B. often C. even D. last
二、看清上下文，找准定位词
例3. Many old people don’t have good _____.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight
1) They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.
C
2) They can’t listen to music or news over the radio, but they can read with glasses.
3) They can’t walk outside, but they can watch TV or listen to music or news over the radio at home.
A
B
利用上下文和前后句，注意近义词、反义词
例4. Traveling ____, today becomes yesterday; traveling west it is tomorrow.
A. south B. east C. north D. west
例5. Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very ____.
A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous
I can do it
His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.
43. A. cared B. forgot
C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. straight
C. larger D. darker
例6. When we talked, I discovered（发现） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little ____ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.
A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later
三、身临语境，逻辑推理
有些答案没能一目了然，需要我们置身语言环境中，根据情节进行推理
例7. My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said．“My ________，Mommy．”
She said，“No．Many people are deaf（聋的）…
A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head
I can do it
…and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange ___ quite pleasant taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. or
例8. Liumei is among the __22__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.
22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent.
四、词语复现，给我意见
完形填空中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇中，使全文句子相互衔接，构成完整、有机的整体
例9. Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like __2__ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.
Having similar friends has many advantages. …
2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar
I can do it
To?the?42of?her?family,?she?borrowed?all?their???43and?taught?herself?to?recognize?everyone’s?footprints?in?the?sand.?More?than?once?her?father?came?outside?shouting,?“Sarah,’’?bring?me 44(back) my?boots.
…She?also?developed?the?annoying?habit?of????47(questioning) everyone.（2017广州一模）
42.?A.?expectation? ?B.?annoyance??
C.?disappointment??D.?delight?
43.?A.?shoes? ?B.?books??C.?socks????D.?tools
词义辨析主要集中在实词，即动词、名词、形容词和副词。
I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go. (天津2016）
24. A. take off B. set off
C. give up D. show up
五、积累词义、精准辨析
起飞，脱下
放弃，交出
动身，
出发
出现，露出
I can do it
I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before.
52. A. graduation B. retirement
C. separation D. resignation
毕业
退休
分开
辞职
One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. 【2016·全国I卷】
45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam
46. A. used B. disabled
C. removed D. abandoned
47. A. got hold of B. prepared
C. took charge of D. controlled
六、根据常识和文化背景
I can do it
Yesterday the sales office rang us to say the car was ____.
A. right??? B. ready??? C. fixed??? D. sold
小结：完形填空解题技巧
一、 速览全文，利用首句解题
二、 看清上下文，找准定位词
三、 身临语境，逻辑推理
四、词语复现，给我意见
五、 积累词义、精准辨析
六、 根据常识和文化背景
完形填空三忌：
忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。
忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。
忌先入为主，一气呵成。做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文得到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。
完成2018年高考卷完形填空部分。（见资料页）
Homework
实战演练：
祝同学们高考旗开得胜！