Unit 8 GREEN LIVING
主题语境——人与自然之环境保护
【语境概说】 本单元的主题语境为人与自然中的环境保护，该主题语境主要包括人与环境、人与动植物、人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系等。本单元主要涉及人与环境、人与动植物、社会发展与环境的关系。该主题对学生的生活和学习环境影响非常深刻。通过本单元的学习，学生了解生态环保的意义；同时在语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等方面将得到融合发展。
To love our living environment is to love ourselves.
爱护我们的生活环境，就等于爱护我们自己。
Protect our homeland and make the earth green.
保护我们的家园，让地球充满绿色。
There is only one earth, and mankind should work together.只有一个地球，人类应该同舟共济。
Let the water be clearer, the sky be bluer, the flowers be brighter, and the earth be more beautiful.
让水更清，让天更蓝，让花更艳，让我们的地球更美丽。
To save water resources, everyone has responsibilities.节约水资源，人人有责。
Section Ⅰ Topic talk
Ⅰ.Pre－listening—Translate the following words and phrases.
1．living n． 生活方式
2．ocean n. 海洋，大海
3．smog n. 雾霾
4．desert n. 沙漠
5．global adj. 全球的
6．industrial adj. 工业的
7．extinction n. 灭绝
8．electricity n. 电
9．transport n. 交通运输系统
10．battery n. 电池
11．recycle v. 回收利用
12．carbon n. 碳
13．live in harmony with nature 与大自然和谐共生
14．do my part for sth 尽自己所能做某事
15．view n. 风景；美景；意见
Ⅱ.While－listening
1．Finish Ex.2 on Page 28.
2．Finish Ex.4 on Page 29.
Ⅲ.Post－listening—Listen to 8.2 again and fill in the blanks.
Dear all, welcome to our exhibition on green living.You may ①wonder what we mean by green living.I’m sure you will understand this concept after the exhibition.There are four ②sections altogether.The first section ③introduces different types of pollution.We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, which may cause different kinds of ④environmental__problems,__for instance, water pollution, air pollution, ocean pollution, soil pollution and noise pollution.This section will show how pollution ⑤affects our environment and our health.The second section explains the ⑥__reasons that cause different types of pollution.And you will see that our actions as humans are ⑦the__main__sources of pollution.The third section presents the solutions that have been taken to tackle the problems, detailing ways we can help the environment.For example, a good way to ⑧reduce__pollution is to plant more trees.Finally, the exhibition ends with a summary about what we personally believe we should be doing to ⑨lead__a__green__life．To me, green living is about living ⑩in__harmony__with nature.
Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Talk about the environmental problems that we’re facing.
Melting__glaciers,__desertification(沙漠化),__smog,__rising__sea__levels,__air__and__water__pollution,__ocean__acidification(海洋酸化),__etc.
Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.
1．We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, which may cause different kinds of environmental problems, for instance, ...
我们都知道我们周围有各种各样的污染，这可能会导致各种各样的环境问题，例如……
[仿写] 我们都知道我们周围有各种各样的污染，这可能会导致各种各样的环境问题，例如，水污染/海洋污染/空气污染/雾霾/全球变暖/动植物灭绝。
We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, which may cause different kinds of environmental problems, for instance，water__pollution/ocean__pollution/air__pollution/smog/global__warming/animal__or__plant__extinction．
2．For example, a good way to reduce pollution is to...例如，减少污染的一个好方法是……
[仿写] 例如，减少污染的一个好方法是种更多的树/骑自行车上学/节约能源/更多的使用公共交通工具/改变我们的生活习惯 。
For example, a good way to reduce pollution is to__plant__more__trees/cycle__to__school/save__energy/use__more__public__transport/change__our__living__habits．
3．To me, green living is about...对我来说，绿色生活就是……
[仿写] 对我来说，绿色生活就是健康生活/与自然和谐相处/尊重自然/保持人与自然的平衡/为环境尽我的一份力。
To me, green living is about healthy__living/living__in__harmony__with__nature/respecting__nature/maintaining__the__balance__between__humans__and__nature/doing__my__part__for__the__environment．
Ⅲ.Talk about green living using the following sayings or proverbs.
1．If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be a tear－drop of us.
如果我们不节约水，那么最后一滴水也许会是我们人类的眼泪。
2．A good ecological environment is the fairest public product, and the most accessible welfare for the people.
良好的生态环境是最公平的公共产品，是最普惠的民生福祉。
3．If humans cannot coexist with other species, they cannot coexist with the planet.
人类若不能与其他物种共存便不能与这个星球共存。
4．Without the shade from trees, Earth would get too hot to live on.
没有了树荫，地球将会变得太热而不能生存。
We__sometimes__think__global__warming__or__climate__change__is__a__problem__very__far__away__from__our__lives,__and__that__only__the__government__needs__to__worry__about__it.However,__it__is__closely__related__to__all__of__us.We__should__try__to__live__green__to__protect__the__environment.As__we__all__know,__a__good__ecological__environment__is__the__fairest__public__product,__and__the__most__accessible__welfare__for__the__people．
Ⅰ.语言知识积累
谈论环境保护的常用口语
1．I think all countries should work together to clean the world.
我认为所有的国家应该共同努力来治理环境。
2．What do you think we ordinary people can do to protect the environment？你觉得我们普通人在环保方面能做些什么呢？
3．We really need to promote the awareness of environmental issues among individuals.我们真地需要提高人们的环保意识。
4．We have only one earth and we all have to share it.我们只有一个地球，必须共同保护她。
5．The classified trash recycling has been started in our neighborhood.我们小区已经开始实行垃圾分类回收了。
6．We can help protect the environment by recycling wastes.
我们可以通过回收利用垃圾帮助保护环境。
7．The supermarket is using paper bags instead of plastic bags.
这家超市不用塑料袋，而是用纸袋。
8．Air pollution in China is extremely serious, especially in cities with heavy industry.
中国的空气污染很严重，尤其在重工业城市中。
9．You should take your glass, paper, plastic, cardboard, and tin cans to a recycling center.
你应该把玻璃，纸张，塑料，硬板纸盒，罐头盒送进回收中心。
10．Factories must not be allowed to emit dangerous chemicals in their smoke or waste water.
工厂应禁止在烟囱和废水里排放危险的化学物质。
Ⅱ.文化知识习得
低碳生活
低碳生活(low carbon living)，就是指在生活中要尽力减少所消耗的能量，特别是二氧化碳的排放量，从而低碳，减少对大气的污染，减缓生态恶化。主要是从节电、节气和回收三个环节来改变生活细节。
低碳意指较低的温室气体(二氧化碳为主)的排放，低碳生活可以理解为：减少二氧化碳的排放，低能量、低消耗、低开支的生活方式。低碳生活代表着更健康、更自然、更安全，返璞归真地去进行人与自然的活动。
Ⅲ.学习策略形成
如何提高听说能力
1．识别音素
语言信息的表达是通过元音，辅音字母有规律的组合来实现的。培养学生较强的音素识别能力，有助于在听力测试中迅速准确地捕捉关键词的发音。
2．听力的选材
根据自己的实际水平选择适合自己的听力材料。
3．精泛听结合
精听要一遍又一遍的反复听，泛听理解大意就可以了。
4．要坚持
每天最好安排一定的时间进行听力练习，千万不要“三天打鱼两天晒网”。
5．以读听为基础练习口语
在读和听的过程中， 积累了词汇，掌握了句型，熟悉了用英语表达思想的方式，最重要的是培养了语感。
1.balance n．平衡；天平；余额 v．平衡；权衡 balanced adj.保持平衡的
To me, green living is about living in balance with nature. (教材P28)
对我来说，绿色生活就是与自然和谐相处。
[合作探究] 体会balance的用法和意义
Life is like riding a bike. To keep your blance, you must keep moving.
人生就像骑单车，只有不断前进才能保持平衡。
He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
他上楼时失去了平衡，摔伤了自己。
You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。
[自主发现]
①keep one’s balance 保持平衡
②lose one’s balance 失去平衡
③balance sth __against sth 权衡；斟酌；比较
[词块积累]
out of balance 不平衡
keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡
keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡,[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages.
②To keep fit, you’d better keep a balanced (balance) diet.
③Suddenly a girl lost__her__balance and fell down in front of him.
突然有个女孩在他前面失去了平衡而跌倒了。
④The child couldn’t keep__his__balance on his new bicycle.
孩子骑他的新车时不能保持平衡。
2.view n．风景；美景；意见 v．观看；看待
For example, I plant some flowers and vegetables outside my window and I have a great view, too.(教材P106)
例如，我在窗外种了一些花和蔬菜，我也可以欣赏很好的景致。
[合作探究] 体会view的用法和意义
In my view, he is the best person for this job.
在我看来，他是这项工作的最好人选。
A group of riders came into view on the dirt road.
一群骑车的人出现在那条土路上。
In view of the weather, the event will be held indoors.
由于天气的缘故，这项比赛将在室内进行。
He is helpful and honest and we all view him as our friend.
他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他看作是朋友。
[自主发现]
①in one’s view 在某人看来
②come into view 看得见；进入视野
③in__view__of 考虑到；由于
④view...as 把……看作
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空
①When the car goes around the corner, our house will come into view.
②In__ my view, no matter what situation we are in, bad or good, we should not waste food.
③We view every customer as a partner.
④In view of__the facts, it seems useless to continue.
3.do my part for sth尽自己所能做某事
To me, green living is about doing my part for the environment.(教材P28)对我来说，绿色生活就是为环境尽我的一份力。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
take part in参加
play a part in 在……起作用；在……扮演角色
for one’s part 就某人而言
①I took part in an English speech contest last week.
上个周我参加了一次英语演讲比赛。
②These days work plays an important part in a single woman’s life.
现在，工作在单身女性的生活中起着重要作用。
③For my part, I found the meeting most fruitful.
就我而言，我认为这次会议很有收获。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①My family and my job both play__an__important__part__in my life.
我的家庭和工作都是我生活中重要的组成部分。
②I __joined some associations, where I made friends with students who shared the same hobbies.
我参加了一些社团，在那里我和有共同爱好的学生交朋友。
③For__my__part,__I find the story less than convincing.就我而言，我觉得这个报道毫无说服力。
Ⅰ.Listening
(Ⅰ)Listen to Dialogue 1 just once and choose the best answer.
What are the speakers talking about?
A．An organization’s help.
B．Ways to protect animals.
C．Things made from animals.
答案 B
听力原文
W：Do you think we can actually help animals by giving some money to this organization?
M：Yes, I think so. This organization is known for protecting endangered species.
W：What else do you think we can do to help animals?
M：Well, never buy anything made from endangered species.
(Ⅱ)Listen to the text twice and choose the best answer.
1．How did Jane Goodall become interested in chimpanzees?
A．She studied them in college.
B．She received a gift from her father.
C．She raised one when she was young.
2．Why did people criticize Jane Goodall’s research?
A．She named the chimpanzees.
B．She numbered the chimpanzees.
C．She lived with the chimpanzees.
3．What was Jane Goodall interested in after she left the jungle?
A．Writing books.
B．Saving the environment.
C．Traveling around the world.
4．When did Jane Goodall open her institute in Hong Kong?
A．In 1957. B．In 1977.
C．In 2002.
答案 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C
听力原文
Have you heard of Jane Goodall? She is a famous scientist who lived with and studied chimpanzees for many years.A chimpanzee is an intelligent African animal that is like a large monkey without a tail.When Jane was young, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee.And she became interested in these animals.In 1957, her love for animals led her to call Dr.Louis Leakey, a famous scientist, who offered her a job as an assistant.Even though she had no college degree, he asked her to become a researcher.She lived with the chimpanzees for over thirty years and wrote down what they did.She published her research.Some people criticized her research.They said she should have given the chimpanzees numbers instead of names.After she left the jungle, she became interested in saving the environment.She opened the Jane Goodall Institute in 1977 to educate people about the environment.She has written many books and still travels around the world, helping children understand the natural world.In 2002, she opened a Jane Goodall Institute in Hong Kong, China.Everywhere she goes, people ask her about her research on chimpanzees.
Ⅱ.Listening and talking
(Ⅰ)Listening—Listen to the text twice and fill in the blanks.
Have you heard of Jane Goodall? She is a famous ①scientist who lived with and studied chimpanzees for many years.A chimpanzee is an ②intelligent African animal that is like a large monkey without a tail.When Jane was young, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee.And she ③became__interested__in these animals.In 1957, her love for animals led her to call Dr.Louis Leakey, a famous scientist, who ④offered her a job as an assistant.Even though she had no college degree, he asked her to become a researcher.She lived with the chimpanzees for over ⑤thirty__years and wrote down what they did.She ⑥published her research.Some people criticized her research.They said she should have given the chimpanzees numbers ⑦instead__of__names.After she left the jungle, she became interested in ⑧saving__the__environment．She opened the Jane Goodall Institute in 1977 to ⑨educate people about the environment.She has written many books and still travels around the world, helping children understand ⑩the__natural__world.In 2002, she opened a Jane Goodall Institute in Hong Kong, China.Everywhere she goes, people ask her about her research on chimpanzees.
(Ⅱ)Talking—Make a dialogue with your partner to talk about what you can do to protect the environment.
The__answer__is__open.
课件33张PPT。Unit 8 GREEN LIVING主题语境——人与自然之环境保护【语境概说】 本单元的主题语境为人与自然中的环境保护，该主题语境主要包括人与环境、人与动植物、人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系等。本单元主要涉及人与环境、人与动植物、社会发展与环境的关系。该主题对学生的生活和学习环境影响非常深刻。通过本单元的学习，学生了解生态环保的意义；同时在语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等方面将得到融合发展。To love our living environment is to love ourselves.
爱护我们的生活环境，就等于爱护我们自己。
Protect our homeland and make the earth green.
保护我们的家园，让地球充满绿色。
There is only one earth, and mankind should work together.
只有一个地球，人类应该同舟共济。
Let the water be clearer, the sky be bluer, the flowers be brighter, and the earth be more beautiful. 让水更清，让天更蓝，让花更艳，让我们的地球更美丽。
To save water resources, everyone has responsibilities.
节约水资源，人人有责。Ⅰ.Pre-listening—Translate the following words and phrases.1．living n．________________
2．ocean n. ________________
3．smog n. ________________
4．desert n. ________________
5．global adj. ________________Section Ⅰ Topic talk生活方式海洋，大海雾霾沙漠全球的6．industrial adj. ________________
7．extinction n. ________________
8．electricity n. ________________
9．transport n. ________________
10．battery n. ________________
11．recycle v. ________________
12．carbon n. ________________
13．live in harmony with nature ________________
14．do my part for sth ________________
15．view n. ________________工业的灭绝电交通运输系统电池回收利用碳与大自然和谐共生尽自己所能做某事风景；美景；意见Ⅱ.While-listening1．Finish Ex.2 on Page 28.
2．Finish Ex.4 on Page 29.Ⅲ.Post-listening—Listen to 8.2 again and fill in the blanks.Dear all, welcome to our exhibition on green living.You may ①____________ what we mean by green living.I’m sure you will understand this concept after the exhibition.There are four ②____________ altogether.The first section ③____________ different types of pollution.We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, which may cause different kinds of ④______________________， for instance, water pollution, air pollution, ocean pollution, soil pollution and noise pollution.This section will show how pollution ⑤____________ our environment and our health.The second section explains the ⑥____________ that cause different types of pollution.And you will see that ourwondersectionsintroducesenvironmental problemsaffectsreasonsactions as humans are ⑦________________ of pollution.The third section presents the solutions that have been taken to tackle the problems, detailing ways we can help the environment.For example, a good way to ⑧________________ is to plant more trees.Finally, the exhibition ends with a summary about what we personally believe we should be doing to ⑨____________________．To me, green living is about living
⑩________________ nature.the main sourcesreduce pollutionlead a green lifein harmony withⅠ.语言知识积累谈论环境保护的常用口语
1．I think all countries should work together to clean the world.
我认为所有的国家应该共同努力来治理环境。
2．What do you think we ordinary people can do to protect the environment？
你觉得我们普通人在环保方面能做些什么呢？
3．We really need to promote the awareness of environmental issues among individuals.
我们真地需要提高人们的环保意识。
4．We have only one earth and we all have to share it.
我们只有一个地球，必须共同保护她。5．The classified trash recycling has been started in our neighborhood.
我们小区已经开始实行垃圾分类回收了。
6．We can help protect the environment by recycling wastes.
我们可以通过回收利用垃圾帮助保护环境。
7．The supermarket is using paper bags instead of plastic bags.
这家超市不用塑料袋，而是用纸袋。
8．Air pollution in China is extremely serious, especially in cities with heavy industry.
中国的空气污染很严重，尤其在重工业城市中。10．Factories must not be allowed to emit dangerous chemicals in their smoke or waste water.
工厂应禁止在烟囱和废水里排放危险的化学物质。9．You should take your glass, paper, plastic, cardboard, and tin cans to a recycling center.
你应该把玻璃，纸张，塑料，硬板纸盒，罐头盒送进回收中心。Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Talk about the environmental problems that we’re facing.Melting glaciers, desertification(沙漠化), smog, rising sea levels, air and water pollution, ocean acidification(海洋酸化), etc.Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.1．We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, which may cause different kinds of environmental problems, for instance, ...我们都知道我们周围有各种各样的污染，这可能会导致各种各样的环境问题，例如……
[仿写] 我们都知道我们周围有各种各样的污染，这可能会导致各种各样的环境问题，例如，水污染/海洋污染/空气污染/雾霾/全球变暖/动植物灭绝。
We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, which may cause different kinds of environmental problems, for instance，_______________________
?__________________________________________________________________.water pollution/oceanpollution/air pollution/smog/global warming/animal or plant extinction2．For example, a good way to reduce pollution is to...
例如，减少污染的一个好方法是……[仿写] 例如，减少污染的一个好方法是种更多的树/骑自行车上学/节约能源/更多的使用公共交通工具/改变我们的生活习惯 。
For example, a good way to reduce pollution is ________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.to plant more trees/cycle to school/save energy/use more public transport/change our living habits3．To me, green living is about...对我来说，绿色生活就是……[仿写] 对我来说，绿色生活就是健康生活/与自然和谐相处/尊重自然/保持人与自然的平衡/为环境尽我的一份力。
To me, green living is about ________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____________.healthy living/living in harmony with nature/respectingnature/maintaining the balance between humans and nature/doing my part for the
environmentⅢ.Talk about green living using the following sayings or proverbs.1．If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be a tear-drop of us.
如果我们不节约水，那么最后一滴水也许会是我们人类的眼泪。
2．A good ecological environment is the fairest public product, and the most accessible welfare for the people.
良好的生态环境是最公平的公共产品，是最普惠的民生福祉。
3．If humans cannot coexist with other species, they cannot coexist with the planet.
人类若不能与其他物种共存便不能与这个星球共存。4．Without the shade from trees, Earth would get too hot to live on.
没有了树荫，地球将会变得太热而不能生存。We sometimes think global warming or climate change is a problem very far away from our lives, and that only the government needs to worry about it.However, it is closely related to all of us.We should try to live green to protect the environment.As we all know, a good ecological environment is the fairest public product, and the most accessible welfare for the people.Ⅱ.文化知识习得低碳生活低碳生活(low carbon living)，就是指在生活中要尽力减少所消耗的能量，特别是二氧化碳的排放量，从而低碳，减少对大气的污染，减缓生态恶化。主要是从节电、节气和回收三个环节来改变生活细节。
低碳意指较低的温室气体(二氧化碳为主)的排放，低碳生活可以理解为：减少二氧化碳的排放，低能量、低消耗、低开支的生活方式。低碳生活代表着更健康、更自然、更安全，返璞归真地去进行人与自然的活动。Ⅲ.学习策略形成如何提高听说能力1．识别音素语言信息的表达是通过元音，辅音字母有规律的组合来实现的。培养学生较强的音素识别能力，有助于在听力测试中迅速准确地捕捉关键词的发音。2．听力的选材根据自己的实际水平选择适合自己的听力材料。3．精泛听结合精听要一遍又一遍的反复听，泛听理解大意就可以了。4．要坚持每天最好安排一定的时间进行听力练习，千万不要“三天打鱼两天晒网”。5．以读听为基础练习口语在读和听的过程中， 积累了词汇，掌握了句型，熟悉了用英语表达思想的方式，最重要的是培养了语感。1.balance n．平衡；天平；余额 v．平衡；权衡 balanced adj.保持平衡的To me, green living is about living in balance with nature. (教材P28)
对我来说，绿色生活就是与自然和谐相处。[合作探究] 体会balance的用法和意义Life is like riding a bike. To keep your blance, you must keep moving.
人生就像骑单车，只有不断前进才能保持平衡。
He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
他上楼时失去了平衡，摔伤了自己。
You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。[自主发现]①____________ one’s balance 保持平衡
②____________ one’s balance 失去平衡
③balance sth ____________ sth 权衡；斟酌；比较[词块积累]out of balance 不平衡
keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡
keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡keeploseagainst[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子
①You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city ____________ the disadvantages.
②To keep fit, you’d better keep a ____________ (balance) diet.
③Suddenly a girl ________________________ and fell down in front of him.
突然有个女孩在他前面失去了平衡而跌倒了。
④The child couldn’t ________________ on his new bicycle.
孩子骑他的新车时不能保持平衡。againstbalancedlost her balancekeep his balance2.view n．风景；美景；意见 v．观看；看待For example, I plant some flowers and vegetables outside my window and I have a great view, too.(教材P106)
例如，我在窗外种了一些花和蔬菜，我也可以欣赏很好的景致。[合作探究] 体会view的用法和意义In my view, he is the best person for this job.
在我看来，他是这项工作的最好人选。
A group of riders came into view on the dirt road.
一群骑车的人出现在那条土路上。
In view of the weather, the event will be held indoors.
由于天气的缘故，这项比赛将在室内进行。
He is helpful and honest and we all view him as our friend.
他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他看作是朋友。[自主发现]①____________ one’s view在某人看来
②come ____________ view 看得见；进入视野
③____________ 考虑到；由于
④view...____________ 把……看作inintoin view ofas[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①When the car goes around the corner, our house will come ____________ view.
②____________ my view, no matter what situation we are in, bad or good, we should not waste food.
③We view every customer ____________ a partner.
④In view ____________the facts, it seems useless to continue.intoInasof3.do my part for sth尽自己所能做某事To me, green living is about doing my part for the environment.(教材P28)
对我来说，绿色生活就是为环境尽我的一份力。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语take part in 参加
play a part in 在……起作用；在……扮演角色
for one’s part 就某人而言①I took part in an English speech contest last week.
上个周我参加了一次英语演讲比赛。
②These days work plays an important part in a single woman’s life.
现在，工作在单身女性的生活中起着重要作用。
③For my part, I found the meeting most fruitful.
就我而言，我认为这次会议很有收获。[巩固内化] 完成句子①My family and my job both ________________________ my life.
我的家庭和工作都是我生活中重要的组成部分。
②I __________ some associations, where I made friends with students who shared the same hobbies.
我参加了一些社团，在那里我和有共同爱好的学生交朋友。
③_______________, I find the story less than convincing.
就我而言，我觉得这个报道毫无说服力。play an important part injoinedFor my partSection Ⅱ Lesson 1
1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss what is happening in each picture.And what should we do?
a．Water__is__being__wasted.
b．The__boy__drops__litter__casually.
c．The__garbage__is__classified__into__different__sorts.
2．Prediction—Look at the pictures and the title and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__the__information__about__an__institute__called__Roots__&__Shoots.
1．First reading—Read the text and then fill in the form below.
Roots & Shoots
The ①time of its establishment
In the early 1990s
The ②founder
Dr. Jane Goodall
The purpose
③To__educate__young__people,__from pre－schoolers to university students
The meaning of
its name
Roots ④move__slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can ⑤break__open brick walls to reach the light.That’s what Roots & Shoots is all about：The ⑥value__and__importance of each individual—human, animal or plant. Every individual ⑦matters．Every individual has a role to play. Every individual ⑧makes__a__difference.
2.Second reading—Read the text carefully again and match the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (Para.1) A．The meaning of its name.
Part 2 (Para.2) B．What is“ Just－me－ism”？
Part 3 (Paras.3～4) C．The establishment of Roots & Shoots.
答案 Part 1 B Part 2 C Part 3 A
3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and choose the best answer.
(1)What is not“ Just－me－ism”？
A．Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
B．Leave a light burning when you go out.
C．Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
D．Turn off the light when you go out.
(2)When was Roots & Shoots established?
A．In the early 1980s. B．In the late 1980s.
C．In the early 1990s. D．In the late 1990s.
(3) Who is Jane Goodall?
A．A scientist who’s the world’s best－known expert on wild chimpanzees.
B．A scientist who’s the world’s best－known expert on wild monkeys.
C．A scientist who’s the world’s best－known expert on wild tigers.
D．A scientist who’s the world’s best－known expert on wild wolves.
(4)What’s the purpose of Roots & Shoots?
A．To educate old people.
B．To educate young people.
C．To educate middle－aged people.
D．To educate children.
(5) What can we learn from the text?
A．Every individual doesn’t matter.
B．Every individual can make a difference to the world.
C．Only a few people suffer from“Just－me－ism”．
D．People can’t live together in peace with nature.
答案 (1)D (2)C (3)A (4)B (5)B
1．Pair work：What techniques does the writer use to make her view logical and convincing?
The__answer__is__open.
2．Group work：Prepare a presentation to introduce Roots & Shoots with the following tips.Then give your presentation.
·when and where it was established
·the meaning of its name
·the contribution it makes to society
The__answer__is__open.
绿色生活方式
1．not to leave the tap running
2．not to leave the house with lights burning
3．not to use plastic bags
4．to pick up the litter
5．to ride bikes for short journeys
6．to plant more trees
7．to be a volunteer in the environmental organization
8．to use less tissue paper
如何猜测生词含义
1．By using context clues.
2．By analyzing word－formation.
3．By using grammar clues.
4．By using punctuation clues.
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, from pre－schoolers to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.adj.安全的；无危险的
2．The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open walls to reach the light.n.基础；地基__n．芽；苗
3．Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you cause a sad person to smile...？vt.引起；使发生
4．One cheered－up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you.adj.开花的
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．leave the tap running让水龙头开着
2．drop a piece of litter扔一片垃圾
3．so what那又怎样
4．say to oneself自言自语；心里想
5．in the early 1990s在20世纪90年代初
6．live together in peace with nature与自然和平相处
7．make a firm foundation夯实基础
8．make it a better place to live in让它成为更好的居住地
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．that引导宾语从句；but引导并列句
You know that all those things are wrong, but so what?
2．because引导原因状语从句；but引导并列句
The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open walls to reach the light.
3．第一个that 引导宾语从句；第二个that 引导表语从句
Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that：“ Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a difference.”
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．The trees send out new shoots(芽)in spring.
2．He majors in engine technology in this institute(研究院)．
3．A letter of credit will involve(包含)unnecessary extra charges.
4．Because of their pleasant personality, they had soon formed a firm(坚实的) friendship.
5．This photo shows how the roots(root)of plants go deeply into the soil.
6．It is a small matter; don’t get so hot and bothered__(bother)．
7．Freezing winter is __harmful (harm) to orange trees.
8．Best friends are the foundation (found) of my life.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．All of us have to take__action(采取行动)to protect our living environment.
2．Through English, we know about what happened all__around__the__world(全世界)．
3．If you can’t be__bothered__to(没兴趣做)do that, you can’t be bothered to pay attention.
4．We’re sure you’ll be__known__as(作为……而出名) an artist.
5．In__addition__to(除……之外)giving me some advice, he gave me some money.
6．I want to do what I can to __make__a__difference(起作用)．
7．China is__committed__to(致力于)upholding world peace.
8．His speech inspired__me__to(激励我)work harder than ever before.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．Most people suffer from what is known as “ Just－me－ism”．
大多数人都患有所谓的“唯我主义”。
[仿写] 他们已经做了他们能做的一切去帮助她。
They’ve done what__they__can to help her.
2．...say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...
比如说你刷牙的时候水龙头一直开着……
[仿写] 她听着收音机睡着了。
While__(she__was)__listening__to__the__radio,__she fell asleep.
3．Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in.
千千万万的“根与芽”可以解决问题，改变世界，让世界变得更适宜居住。
[仿写] 我们想让李华当班长。
We want to make__Li__Hua__our__monitor．
记单词
Ⅰ.一言串记多义词
New shoots appeared on the bush, so he wanted to do a shoot for his girlfriend near the bush.At the same time, a hunter aimed at the animal near the bush but did not shoot.
灌木丛长出了新枝。所以他想在灌木丛附近为他的女朋友拍一张照片。与此同时，一个猎人瞄准了灌木丛附近的动物，但没有开枪。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1．名词后缀： －tion
found (v.)→foundation (n.)
imagine (v.)→imagination (n.)
2．形容词后缀：－ed, －ful
involve(v.)→involved (adj.)
bother (v.)→bothered (adj.)
harm (v.)→harmful (adj.)
doubt (v.)→ doubtful (adj.)
句型公式
1．what引导宾语从句
2．while作连词，意为当……时候，引导时间状语从句
3．“ make＋宾语＋宾补” 结构
1.shoot n．芽；苗；嫩枝；射击 v．射击；射中；拍摄；飞驰
Roots & Shoots(教材P31)根与芽
[合作探究] 体会shoot的用法和意义
Two weeks after we’d planted the seeds, little green shoots started to appear.
我们播种后两周，绿色的小嫩芽就开始长出了。
The hunter took a shoot at the deer in the distance.
猎手向远处的那头鹿开了枪。
The new soldier shot at the target, but missed it again.
这个新兵向靶子射击，但又没有射中。
[自主发现]
①take a shoot at 朝……射击
②shoot at 朝……射击；向……开枪
[巩固内化]
(1)写出下列句中shoot的含义
①He shot the arrow from the bow(弓)．射击
②The movie was shot in black and white.拍摄
③The boy shot along the street on his bike.飞驰
(2)一句多译
④刚才，那位猎人朝一头野猪射击，但是没有射中。
Just now, the hunter took__a__shoot__at a wild pig, but missed it.
＝Just now, the hunter shot__at__a wild pig, but missed it.
2.involve vt.参与；包含 involved adj.有关的；卷入的
It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands－millions－of people, and this is what is going to change the world.(教材P31)
正是通过共同行动，以这种令人兴奋的方式，我们可以让成千上万的人参与进来，这将改变世界。
[合作探究] 体会involve的用法和意义
Don’t involve me in your quarrel！不要把我牵扯进你们的争吵中！
He was involved in reading the novel all morning.他整个早上都在专心读小说。
Nobody in my life really wants to be involved with me.
在我的生命中，没有一个人真正想融入我的生活。
[自主发现]
①involve sb in sth把某人卷入某事中
②be involved in doing sth 专心做某事
③be involved with sb 涉及；与……有关联,[巩固内化]
单句语法填空
①He was involved in working out a plan.
②So why do you continue to be involved with these people?
③Don’t involve me in solving (solve) your problem.
1.not be bothered to do sth懒得做某事
Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.(教材P30)
扔一片垃圾然后懒得去捡。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
bother to do sth 费心做某事
(not) bother doing sth 麻烦做某事/懒得做某事
bother sb with/about sth 用某事麻烦某人
①Don’t bother to get dinner for me.请不必费事为我做饭了。
②I’m sorry that I have to bother you with/about this problem.
对不起，我要用这个问题来麻烦你了。
[巩固内化]
完成句子
①He can’t__be__bothered__to__say hello.他连打声招呼都不肯。
②Don’t bother__him__with/about it now; he’s very busy.现在不要拿这个去打扰他，他很忙。
③You needn’t__bother__to come up.
你不必费心来了。
2.take action采取行动
To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.(教材P31)为了能让年轻人为环境、动物和他们的社区采取行动，(他们)成立了“根与芽”。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
take steps/measures 采取措施
take a risk 冒风险
take a chance 碰运气
take effect 生效；起作用
take advantage of 利用
①They took a risk in driving on, in spite of the storm.
尽管有暴风雨，他们还是冒险驾车赶路。
②The new law takes effect from tomorrow.新法律从明天起生效。
③We should take measures/steps to keep air and water clean.
我们应该采取措施保持空气和水的清洁。,[巩固内化]
完成句子
①I usually take__advantage__of__every__opportunity to practise my spoken English.我经常利用一切机会练习英语口语。
②Shall we take__a__risk or play it safe?
我们是该冒险呢还是稳妥行事？
③The ban is to take__effect__in six months.该禁令六个月后生效。
1.Most people suffer from what is known as “ Just－me－ism”．(教材P31)大多数人都患有所谓的“唯我主义”。
[句式解读] 句中what is known as “ Just－me－ism”为what引导的宾语从句。
[用法总结]
(1)what常用来引导名词性从句， 即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句， 从句用陈述语序。
(2)what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“……的东西/样子/事情等”；二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定作成分，常作主语、宾语或表语。
①What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
他在会上说的话使在场的每个人都很惊讶。(主语从句)
②Will you show me what you bought?
可以把你买的东西给我看一下吗？ (宾语从句)
③Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago.
玛丽已经不是10年前的她了。(表语从句)
④I have no idea what we should do next.
我不知道下一步我们该干什么。(同位语从句)
[名师提醒] that引导名词性从句时，that 在从句中不作任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用，一般不可省略(宾语从句除外)。
⑤That our team won the game made us very happy.
我们队赢得了比赛，这使我们很开心。(主语从句),[巩固内化]
单句语法填空
①Before the sales start, I make a list of what my kids will need for the coming season.
②What parents say and do has a life－long effect on their children.
③There is no evidence that there is life on any other planet in the solar system.
④The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what__seemed like hours.
⑤The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
2....say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...(教材P31)
比如说你刷牙的时候水龙头一直开着……
[句式解读] 句中while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
[用法总结]
(1)“当……的时候”，表示时间，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语用延续性动词。
①She was cooking while she was keeping an eye on her baby sleeping in the cradle.她一边做饭，一边留意睡在摇篮里的婴儿。
(2)“只要”，表示条件，引导条件状语从句。
②While there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
(3)“但是；可是”，表示对比，连接两个并列句。
③The boy is good at maths while his sister is good at Chinese.
那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。
(4)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折，引导让步状语从句。
④While he loves his students，he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①While__they__are__my__neighbours,__I do not know them well.
尽管他们是我的邻居，我对他们了解得并不多。
②While__there__is__life there is hope.
只要生命存在，就有希望。
③You like sports while__I__like__reading．
你喜欢运动而我喜欢读书。
④While__his__mother__was__cooking__in__the__kitchen，the boy fell asleep in the chair.当他妈妈在厨房做饭时，男孩在椅子上睡着了。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Most people suffer from 1.what is known as “Just－me－ism” sometimes.As a result, they think their actions, for example, leaving the tap 2.running (run) while they brush their teeth, leaving a light burning when they go out or dropping a piece of litter and can’t be bothered 3.to__pick (pick) it up, won’t be harmful 4.to the environment or their community.But, in fact, they will and they could matter.Roots & Shoots was established in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall, who’s well－known 5.as__an expert on wild chimpanzees.Its purpose is 6.to__educate (educate) young people to build a future that is secure and live together in peace 7.with nature.The idea is that if you educate enough individuals, they can change the world and make it a 8.better (good) place for people, animals and the environment because as Dr.Jane Goodall says：“ It is by 9.__acting (act) together, in this exciting way, 10.that we can involve thousands－millions－of people, and this is what is going to change the world.”
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
迈克年轻时梦想成为一名动物研究员。他想研究涉及 (involve) 为什么狗喜欢摇尾巴 (wag) 或者黑猩猩 (chimpanzee) 的大脑结构的课题。因此，他准备让工人们采取行动 (take action)，用坚固的 (firm) 砖块 (brick) 作为基础 (foundation)，建造一个动物研究所 (institute)。然而，有一天，他发现有害的建筑废水污染了庄稼的根 (root) 和芽 (shoot)。迈克不是一个以自我为中心的 (just－me－ism)人，所以他不再费心 (be bothered to do) 去建造这个研究所了。虽然他放弃了自己的梦想，但他把环保的意义传遍了全世界 (all around the world)。
Mike__dreamed__of__being__an__animal__researcher__when__he__was__young.He__wanted__to__study__the__topics__involving__why__dogs__like__wagging__their__tails__or__the__brain__structures__of__chimpanzees.So__he__was__ready__to__let__workers__take__action__to__use__firm__bricks__as__foundations__to__build__an__institute__to__research__animals.However,__one__day__he__found__the__harmful__wasted__water__from__construction__polluted__the__roots__and__shoots__of__the__crops.Mike__wasn’t__“Just－me－ism”，so__he__wasn’t__bothered__to__set__up__the__institute.Although__he__gave__up__his__dream，he__spread__the__significance__of__environmental__protection__all__around__the__world.
动词－ing和－ed形式
[合作探究] 画出下列句子中的 “动词－ing形式和动词－ed形式” 结构，并指出其所作的句子成分。
示例：A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.(定语)
①The experiment was an amazing success.(定语)
②Li Ming’s hobby is collecting stamps.(表语)
③When I walked into the office, I saw a girl using my computer.(宾语补足语)
④He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry.(状语)
⑤The Olympic Games, first played in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.(状语)
⑥What’s the language spoken in that area？(定语)
⑦We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.(表语)
⑧She found her necklace gone on her way home.(宾语补足语)
[自主发现1]
(1)动词－ing形式可以在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
(2)动词－ed形式可以在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
一、动词－ing形式
1．作定语
[合作探究]
No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.
阅览室里不准大声说话。
A little child learning(＝ who is learning) to walk often falls.
学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
There are many students waiting (＝ who are waiting) to get examined.
有许多学生在等待检查。
[自主发现2]
(1)动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。
(2)现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。
2．作状语
[合作探究]
Hearing the noise, I turned around.
＝When I heard the noise, I turned around.听到响声我转过身去。
Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
＝Because he was poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。
Working hard, you’ll certainly succeed.
＝If you work hard, you’ll certainly succeed.
只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。
The fire lasted a whole night, causing great damage.
大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.
＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。
[自主发现3]
现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的状语从句。
[名师提醒]
现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果；而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构。
He was caught in the rain, making himself catch a cold.被雨淋后他感冒了。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
3．作宾语补足语
[合作探究]
I saw a small girl standing in front of a fishbowl.
我看到一个小女孩站在鱼缸前。
I saw that thief getting on the train.我看见那个贼正在上火车。
I saw the thief get on the train and disappear.
我看见那个贼上了火车，消失不见了。
I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.
在持续的噪音下我无法完成作业。
[自主发现4]
(1)现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系。
(2)feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch等感官动词，既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行；不带to的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成。
4．作表语
[合作探究]
The result of the game was disappointing.比赛结果令人失望。
His life story sounds very moving.他的人生故事听起来很感人。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone.我厌烦独自在这里等。
My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好就是集邮。
[自主发现5]
作表语的动词－ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等；动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
二、动词－ed形式
1．作定语
[合作探究]
The broken vase has been thrown outside.那个碎了的花瓶已被扔到外面去了。
I borrowed a book written (＝that/which was written) by Mark Twain from the library.我从图书馆里借了一本马克·吐温写的书。
[自主发现6]
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
[名师提醒]
不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，而表示完成，如：
boiled water＝water that has boiled开(过的)水
the fallen leaves＝the leaves that have fallen落叶
a developed country＝a country which has developed发达国家
2．作宾语补足语
When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
I want the letter posted.我想把这封信寄出去。
She found her necklace gone on her way home.
在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。
[自主发现7]
(1)及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
(2)少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。
3．作表语
[合作探究]
The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。
Later they found that they were lost.后来他们发现他们迷路了。
We were amazed at the beauty of the lake.这个湖泊的美使我们大为惊奇。
[自主发现8]
(1)过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于系动词之后，这些系动词有be，remain，feel，seem，look，become等。
(2)有些过去分词作表语时，已经具备了形容词的性质。
4．作状语
[合作探究]
Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。(原因状语)
Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。(条件状语)
Asked about the matter, she kept silent.
当被问及那个问题时，她默不作声。(时间状语)
The old man walked into the room，supported by his son.
这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。(方式状语)
He walked slowly in the forest，followed by a dog.
他在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着一条狗。(伴随状语)
[自主发现9]
(1)过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。
(2)过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随状语时通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首。
动词－ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语、表语和定语。
动词－ed形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，表示被动和完成，在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
[巩固内化1]
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①China is a developing (develop) country belonging (belong) to the third world.
②Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the meeting (meet) room.
③That must have been a terrifying__(terrify) experience.
④The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.
→ The girl __sitting__next__to__me was my cousin.
[巩固内化2] 完成句子
①Being__sleepy,__the boy couldn’t focus on his study.
因为很困，这个男孩不能把注意力集中在学习上。
②Speaking__in__English__every__day,__you will master this language step by step.
每天都用英语说话，你会一步一步掌握这门语言。
③I stared at the dark sky thinking__about where I would belong.
凝望着漆黑的夜空，我心里思索着路在何方。
④He arrives at school very late every day, making__his__teacher__very__angry．
他每天都很晚到达学校，这让他的老师很生气。
⑤Walking__in__the__street,__I saw him.
当我在街上走时，我看到他了。
[巩固内化3] 完成句子
①He saw her working__in__the__garden．
他看见她正在花园里干活。
②I could feel the wind blowing on my face.
我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。
③He saw her enter__the__room．
他看见她走进屋子。
④With so many people looking__at her, she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
[巩固内化4] 完成句子
①What he said was encouraging．
他说的话鼓舞人心。
②Her letter was touching．
她的信很感人。
③The news was exciting．
这消息令人兴奋。
④My job is teaching．
我的工作是教书。
[巩固内化5] 单词语法填空
①Did you accept the invitation given (give) by the tour guide?
②Most of the artists invited (invite) to the party were from South Africa.
③The speaker answered all the questions raised (raise) by the audience.
④You should improve your spoken (speak) English.
[巩固内化6] 完成句子
①I saw an old man knocked__down__ by a car just now.
刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
②I’ll __have__my__hair__cut tomorrow.
明天我要理发。
③I heard the song sung__in__English．
我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。
④Don’t leave__those__things__undone．要把那些事情做完。
[巩固内化7] 单句语法填空
①She was surprised (surprise) to find the fridge empty.
②She looked tired (tire) with cooking.
③They were delighted (delight) to hear the delighting news.
④The bookstore is now closed(close)．
[巩固内化8] 完成句子
①Encouraged__by__the__progress he has made, he works harder.
由于受到所取得的进步的鼓舞，他更努力工作了。
②Seen__from__the__top__of__the__hill,__the city looks more beautiful to us.
从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。
③Given__another__hour,__I can also work out this problem.
再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。
④Written__in__a__hurry__,__this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
⑤He stood there silently, moved__to__tears．
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The mountain trip was __tiring,__so the guide felt tired．(tire)
2．The people waiting__(wait) for the bus are talking with each other.
3．The little boy still needed the remaining 20 dollars to do with the things remaining to be settled.(remain)
4．Lost__(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
5．On the bank of the river，we found him lying (lie)on a bench，with his eyes fixed(fix) on a kite in the sky.
6．Unless you have planted something, you won’t be able to know the pleasure of watching the thing you have planted growing (grow)．
7．While walking (walk) along the street, I heard my name called (call)．
8．Shocked (shock) at the terrible working conditions, we decided to quit the job.
9．John rushed out in a hurry，leaving (leave) the door unlocked (unlock)．
10．The story was so moving that he was moved to tears.(move)
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．One of his weaknesses is telling__lies．
他的缺点之一就是说谎。
2．The boy studying__in__the__classroom is our monitor.
在教室里学习的男孩是我们的班长。
3．Don’t have__the__students__studying__ all day.
不要让学生整天学习。
4．Hearing__the__news,__he couldn’t help laughing.
一听到那个消息，他禁不住大笑起来。
5．Although warned__of__danger,__tourists can’t help taking photos near the river.尽管被警告有危险，但是游客还是忍不住在河边拍照片。
6．When I came in, I saw him sitting in the sofa __lost__in__thought．当我进来时，我看到他坐在沙发上陷入了深思。
7．The children are__really__excited__about going to the zoo.
要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。
8．In autumn there are many fallen__leaves on the ground.
秋天地上有许多落叶。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Bamboo shoots(芽)grow from around the roots.
2．Ann caught her foot on a tree root(树根)and fell over.
3．I just can’t be bothered(被打扰的)to look after the house.
4．We must limit ourselves to one gallon (加仑) of water per day.
5．She is studying in an art institute(研究院)．
6．We must maintain a firm(坚定的)attitude.
7．He laid the foundation(基础)of his success by study and hard work.
8．He was hurt by a falling brick(砖)．
9．If she were involved(参与)in business, she would make a strong chief executive.
10．The dog wagged(摇)its tail in expectation of a bone.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The question is why he bothered to__make (make) the speech at all.
2．Polluted air and water are harmful to people’ s health.
3．Thank you for being firm with__me while I went through my rebellion(逆反)stage.
4．All the people involved (involve) in this case must be present.
5．I patted the dog and she wagged (wag) her tail.
6．It sells flowers from all around the world.
7．He drinks what is left in his glass as if it were water.
8．The strange noise made the little girl frightened__(frighten)．
9．I volunteer because I want to not just see the world, but make a difference in it.
10．What he said suggested that he was lying.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Clover, a three－year－old spirit bear, lives at the B．C.Wildlife Park near Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada.He lost his parents two years ago and was raised at a wildlife center.When he was set free into the wild, he broke into human camps looking for food.Wildlife experts (专家) tried to get him used to living on his own, but he continued to look for places where there were people.Finally the experts decided that he could not live in the wild.Since then, a total of $750，000 has been collected to create a habitat for Clover.
The habitat covers about three acres (英亩) of land and includes natural forest, two ponds connected by a small river and something else.It will add a platform and a walkway later this year so that people can see Clover and his habitat more closely.There will also be a center where people can learn more about spirit bears.Besides, a black bear will be moved into the habitat so Clover will not feel lonely.
Spirit bears are also called Kermode bears after Francis Kermode, who first studied them.Kermode discovered that a small number of black bears carry a gene (基因) for white fur.If a baby bear receives one of these genes from each parent, its fur will be a creamy white color.There are about 1，200 bears who carry the gene for white fur, but only about 200 white Kermode bears in the world.Kermode bears are found only in British Columbia.They live in the Great Bear Rainforest, an area that covers the mainland and islands along the coast of B．C.between Vancouver and Alaska.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。一只白灵熊在人类的帮助下即将搬进“新家”。
1．We can learn from Paragraph 1 that Clover ________．
A．lost his parents at the age of 3
B．could not find any food
C．was not afraid of humans
D．grew up in the wild
答案 C [细节理解题。由第一段中的“he broke into human camps looking for food”和“he continued to look for places where there were people”可知，Clover并不害怕人类，故选C项。]
2．The habitat built for Clover ________．
A．will be open to visitors
B．will become a center for spirit bears
C．was created by Francis Kermode
D．will prepare him for life in the wild
答案 A [细节理解题。由第二段中的“a platform and a walkway”和“a center”等信息可知，该栖息地将来有望对游客开放，让更多的人有机会接近并了解白灵熊，故选A项。]
3．What will Clover’s future life be like?
A．Busy. B．Easy.
C．Hard. D．Lonely.
答案 B [推理判断题。由第一段中的“a total of $750，000 ...for Clover”和第二段中的“The habitat covers about three acres (英亩) of land and includes ...something else”， “so Clover will not feel lonely”可知，Clover将来在新家的生活会很舒适，故选B项。]
4．According to Francis Kermode, spirit bears ________．
A．are bigger than black bears
B．are mainly found in B．C.
C．are born to white bears
D．are very unusual
答案 D [细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Spirit bears are also called Kermode bears”和“There are ...only about 200 white Kermode bears in the world.”可知，白灵熊十分罕见，故选D项。]
Ⅳ.完形填空
It happened on a rainy Saturday morning last month.My wife Catherine and I were __1__ along what some people called moose (麋鹿) alley.It was so __2__ that there were few cars on the road.__3__， something happened.A moose jumped out across our __4__ .I had been driving for years and was __5__ at driving.In order to __6__ knocking into the moose, I made a quick __7__ to the other lane.If I had not done that, the moose might have been killed, and my wife and I might have got __8__， too.A few seconds later, when I __9__ and looked back in my rear view mirror, the moose was getting up and then ran into the bush.Shaken but __10__， we both looked at each other with a surprised expression.
From then on, I often thought about the relationship between humans and __11__ .We know that animal species have appeared and disappeared __12__ since life began on the Earth.This is a(n) __13__ phenomenon (现象)．However, animal species have been __14__ at a much faster rate for about a century now __15__ human factors such as pollution.
Certain philosophers and scientists keep repeating that if we don’t save animals, how we will be able to save ourselves.A better __16__ of animals gives us a better understanding of our own species.The __17__ to protect animals and nature in general __18__ the value of a society.And all animals play roles in nature and have a right to __19__ .Therefore, I think we should try our best to save endangered animals, because humans cannot live on the Earth __20__ .
【语篇解读】 经历一次交通小事故后，作者开始思考人类与动物的关系，他认为我们应该保护野生动物，因为保护它们就是保护人类自己。
1．A.looking B．driving
C．walking D．running
答案 B [根据下文作者的车差点跟一头麋鹿相撞的语境可知，作者当时在“开车”。]
2．A.cool B．quiet
C．wide D．early
答案 D [根据上文“It happened on a rainy Saturday morning last month.”以及下文“there were few cars on the road”可知，马路上车少是因为当时还很“早”。]
3．A.Expectedly B．Obviously
C．Fortunately D．Suddenly
答案 D [根据上下文可知，“突然”有事情发生了。]
4．A.space B．region
C．path D．place
答案 C [根据上文“along what some people call moose (麋鹿) alley”可知，作者和妻子正开车沿着麋鹿小路行驶，突然一头麋鹿跳出来穿过我们行驶的“道路”。]
5．A.angry B．good
C．slow D．mad
答案 B [根据上文“I had been driving for years”可知，作者开了很多年车，“擅长”开车。]
6．A.avoid B．keep
C．delay D．excuse
答案 A [根据下文“If I had not done that, the moose might have been killed”可知，这里是指为了“避免”撞上这头麋鹿，作者急“转弯”开到另外一条道上。]
7．A.turn B．jump
C．response D．rush
答案 A [参见上题解析。]
8．A.shocked B．lost
C．disappointed D．injured
答案 D [作者的车如果跟麋鹿相撞，那么他跟妻子也可能会“受伤”。]
9．A.understood B．thought
C．stopped D．tried
答案 C [根据“looked back in my rear view mirror”可知，作者当时把车“停”了下来，从后视镜里看到那头麋鹿起身，随后跑进了树丛。]
10．A.worried B．fine
C．sad D．scared
答案 B [我们虽然受到惊吓，但是“没事”。]
11．A.lands B．roads
C．plants D．wildlife
答案 D [根据下文可知，从那以后，作者经常思考人类与“野生动物”的关系。]
12．A.exactly B．silently
C．continually D．mysteriously
答案 C [我们知道，自从地球上出现生命以后，动物物种“不断地”出现并消失。]
13．A.strange B．natural
C．unusual D．recent
答案 B [这是个“自然”现象。]
14．A.decreasing B．developing
C．appearing D．changing
答案 A [然而，现在约一个世纪以来，“由于”污染等人类因素，动物物种一直以更快的速度在“减少”。]
15．A.according to B．instead of
C．because of D．along with
答案 C [参见上题解析。]
16．A.treatment B．performance
C．world D．knowledge
答案 D [更好地“了解”动物，才能更好地了解我们人类。“a better knowledge of”和“a better understanding of”都是“更了解”的意思。]
17．A.way B．law
C．hope D．will
答案 D [一般来说，保护动物和自然的“意愿”“显示”了一个社会的价值。]
18．A.shows B．includes
C．predicts D．protects
答案 A [参见上题解析。]
19．A.escape B．survive
C．refuse D．select
答案 B [所有动物在自然界中都有自己的角色，它们都有权利“生存”。]
20．A.alone B．apart
C．together D．forever
答案 A [根据上下文可知，这里是指人类不能“独自”存活在地球上。]
课件75张PPT。1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss what is happening in each picture.And what should we do?Section Ⅱ Lesson 1a.Water is being wasted.
b．The boy drops litter casually.
c．The garbage is classified into different sorts.2．Prediction—Look at the pictures and the title and predict what the text is probably about.The text is mainly about the information about an institute called Roots & Shoots.1．First reading—Read the text and then fill in the form below.timefounderTo educate young peoplemove slowlybreak openvalue and importancemattersmakes a difference2.Second reading—Read the text carefully again and match the main idea of each part.Part 1 (Para.1) A．The meaning of its name.
Part 2 (Para.2) B．What is“ Just-me-ism”？
Part 3 (Paras.3～4) C．The establishment of Roots & Shoots.答案 Part 1 B Part 2 C Part 3 A3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and choose the best answer.(1)What is not“ Just-me-ism”？
A．Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
B．Leave a light burning when you go out.
C．Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
D．Turn off the light when you go out.答案 D(2)When was Roots & Shoots established?
A．In the early 1980s. B．In the late 1980s.
C．In the early 1990s. D．In the late 1990s.答案 C(3) Who is Jane Goodall?
A．A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.
B．A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild monkeys.
C．A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild tigers.
D．A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild wolves.答案 A(4)What’s the purpose of Roots & Shoots?
A．To educate old people.
B．To educate young people.
C．To educate middle-aged people.
D．To educate children.答案 B(5) What can we learn from the text?
A．Every individual doesn’t matter.
B．Every individual can make a difference to the world.
C．Only a few people suffer from“Just-me-ism”．
D．People can’t live together in peace with nature.答案 B1．Pair work：What techniques does the writer use to make her view logical and convincing?The answer is open.2．Group work：Prepare a presentation to introduce Roots & Shoots with the following tips.Then give your presentation.
·when and where it was established
·the meaning of its name
·the contribution it makes to societyThe answer is open.绿色生活方式1．not to leave the tap running
2．not to leave the house with lights burning
3．not to use plastic bags
4．to pick up the litter
5．to ride bikes for short journeys
6．to plant more trees
7．to be a volunteer in the environmental organization
8．to use less tissue paper如何猜测生词含义1．By using context clues.
2．By analyzing word-formation.
3．By using grammar clues.
4．By using punctuation clues.语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, from pre-schoolers to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.__________________________
2．The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open walls to reach the light.________________________adj.安全的；无危险的n.基础；地基 n．芽；苗3．Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you cause a sad person to smile...？__________________
4．One cheered－up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you.____________vt.引起；使发生adj.开花的Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义1．leave the tap running____________
2．drop a piece of litter____________
3．so what____________
4．say to oneself_________________
5．in the early 1990s__________________
6．live together in peace with nature_________________
7．make a firm foundation____________
8．make it a better place to live in_______________________让水龙头开着扔一片垃圾那又怎样自言自语；心里想在20世纪90年代初与自然和平相处夯实基础让它成为更好的居住地Ⅲ.句式欣赏1．that引导宾语从句；but引导并列句
You know that all those things are wrong, but so what?
2．because引导原因状语从句；but引导并列句
The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open walls to reach the light.
3．第一个that 引导宾语从句；第二个that 引导表语从句
Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that：“ Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a difference.”Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．The trees send out new ____________(芽)in spring.
2．He majors in engine technology in this ____________(研究院)．
3．A letter of credit will ____________(包含)unnecessary extra charges.
4．Because of their pleasant personality, they had soon formed a ____________(坚实的) friendship.
5．This photo shows how the ____________(root)of plants go deeply into the soil.6．It is a small matter; don’t get so hot and ____________ (bother)．
7．Freezing winter is ____________ (harm) to orange trees.
8．Best friends are the ____________ (found) of my life.shootsinstituteinvolvefirmrootsbotheredharmfulfoundationⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．All of us have to ________________(采取行动)to protect our living environment.
2．Through English, we know about what happened __________________(全世界)．
3．If you can’t ________________(没兴趣做)do that, you can’t be bothered to pay attention.
4．We’re sure you’ll ________________(作为……而出名) an artist.
5．________________(除……之外)giving me some advice, he gave me some money.
6．I want to do what I can to ________________(起作用)．7．China ________________(致力于)upholding world peace.
8．His speech ________________(激励我)work harder than ever before.take actionall around the worldbe bothered tobe known asIn addition tomake a differenceis committed toinspired me toⅢ.句式语境仿写1．Most people suffer from what is known as “ Just-me-ism”．
大多数人都患有所谓的“唯我主义”。
[仿写] 他们已经做了他们能做的一切去帮助她。
They’ve done __________________ to help her.
2．...say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...
比如说你刷牙的时候水龙头一直开着……
[仿写] 她听着收音机睡着了。
____________________________________, she fell asleep.what they canWhile (she was) listening to the radio3．Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in.
千千万万的“根与芽”可以解决问题，改变世界，让世界变得更适宜居住。
[仿写] 我们想让李华当班长。
We want to ___________________________________make Li Hua our monitorⅠ.一言串记多义词New shoots appeared on the bush, so he wanted to do a shoot for his girlfriend near the bush.At the same time, a hunter aimed at the animal near the bush but did not shoot.
灌木丛长出了新枝。所以他想在灌木丛附近为他的女朋友拍一张照片。与此同时，一个猎人瞄准了灌木丛附近的动物，但没有开枪。记单词Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词1．名词后缀： -tion
found (v.)→foundation (n.)
imagine (v.)→imagination (n.)
2．形容词后缀：-ed, -ful
involve(v.)→involved (adj.)
bother (v.)→bothered (adj.)
harm (v.)→harmful (adj.)
doubt (v.)→ doubtful (adj.)句型公式1．what引导宾语从句
2．while作连词，意为当……时候，引导时间状语从句
3．“ make＋宾语＋宾补” 结构Roots & Shoots(教材P31)根与芽
[合作探究] 体会shoot的用法和意义
Two weeks after we’d planted the seeds, little green shoots started to appear.
我们播种后两周，绿色的小嫩芽就开始长出了。
The hunter took a shoot at the deer in the distance.
猎手向远处的那头鹿开了枪。
The new soldier shot at the target, but missed it again.
这个新兵向靶子射击，但又没有射中。1.shoot n．芽；苗；嫩枝；射击 v．射击；射中；拍摄；飞驰[自主发现]①take a shoot ____________ 朝……射击
②shoot ____________ 朝……射击；向……开枪[巩固内化](1)写出下列句中shoot的含义
①He shot the arrow from the bow(弓)．____________
②The movie was shot in black and white.____________
③The boy shot along the street on his bike.____________atat射击拍摄飞驰(2)一句多译
④刚才，那位猎人朝一头野猪射击，但是没有射中。
Just now, the hunter _______________ a wild pig, but missed it.
＝Just now, the hunter ___________ a wild pig, but missed it.took a shoot atshot at2.involve vt.参与；包含 involved adj.有关的；卷入的It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands-millions-of people, and this is what is going to change the world.(教材P31)
正是通过共同行动，以这种令人兴奋的方式，我们可以让成千上万的人参与进来，这将改变世界。[合作探究] 体会involve的用法和意义Don’t involve me in your quarrel！
不要把我牵扯进你们的争吵中！
He was involved in reading the novel all morning.
他整个早上都在专心读小说。
Nobody in my life really wants to be involved with me.
在我的生命中，没有一个人真正想融入我的生活。[自主发现]①involve sb ____________ sth把某人卷入某事中
②be involved ____________ doing sth 专心做某事
③be involved ____________ sb 涉及；与……有关联[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①He was involved ____________ working out a plan.
②So why do you continue to be involved ____________ these people?
③Don’t involve me in ____________ (solve) your problem.ininwithinwithsolving1.not be bothered to do sth懒得做某事Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.(教材P30)
扔一片垃圾然后懒得去捡。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语bother to do sth 费心做某事
(not) bother doing sth 麻烦做某事/懒得做某事
bother sb with/about sth 用某事麻烦某人①Don’t bother to get dinner for me.
请不必费事为我做饭了。
②I’m sorry that I have to bother you with/about this problem.
对不起，我要用这个问题来麻烦你了。[巩固内化] 完成句子①He _________________________ hello.
他连打声招呼都不肯。
②Don’t ________________________ it now; he’s very busy.
现在不要拿这个去打扰他，他很忙。
③You ___________________ come up.
你不必费心来了。can’t be bothered to saybother him with/aboutneedn’t bother to2.take action采取行动To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.(教材P31)
为了能让年轻人为环境、动物和他们的社区采取行动，(他们)成立了“根与芽”。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语take steps/measures采取措施
take a risk 冒风险
take a chance 碰运气
take effect 生效；起作用
take advantage of 利用①They took a risk in driving on, in spite of the storm.
尽管有暴风雨，他们还是冒险驾车赶路。
②The new law takes effect from tomorrow.
新法律从明天起生效。
③We should take measures/steps to keep air and water clean.
我们应该采取措施保持空气和水的清洁。[巩固内化] 完成句子①I usually __________________________________ to practise
my spoken English.
我经常利用一切机会练习英语口语。
②Shall we _______________ or play it safe?
我们是该冒险呢还是稳妥行事？
③The ban is to ___________ in six months.
该禁令六个月后生效。take advantage of every opportunitytake a risktake effect1.Most people suffer from what is known as “ Just-me-ism”．(教材P31)
大多数人都患有所谓的“唯我主义”。[句式解读] 句中what is known as “ Just-me-ism”为what引导的宾语从句。[用法总结](1)what常用来引导名词性从句， 即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句， 从句用陈述语序。(2)what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“……的东西/样子/事情等”；二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定作成分，常作主语、宾语或表语。
①What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
他在会上说的话使在场的每个人都很惊讶。(主语从句)
②Will you show me what you bought?
可以把你买的东西给我看一下吗？ (宾语从句)
③Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago.
玛丽已经不是10年前的她了。(表语从句)
④I have no idea what we should do next.
我不知道下一步我们该干什么。(同位语从句)[名师提醒] that引导名词性从句时，that 在从句中不作任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用，一般不可省略(宾语从句除外)。
⑤That our team won the game made us very happy.
我们队赢得了比赛，这使我们很开心。(主语从句)[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①Before the sales start, I make a list of ____________ my kids will need for the coming season.
②____________ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.
③There is no evidence ____________ there is life on any other planet in the solar system.
④The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for ____________ seemed like hours.
⑤The boy believes ____________ he will travel through space to other planets.whatWhatthatwhatthat2....say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...(教材P31)
比如说你刷牙的时候水龙头一直开着……[句式解读] 句中while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。[用法总结](1)“当……的时候”，表示时间，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语用延续性动词。
①She was cooking while she was keeping an eye on her baby sleeping in the cradle.
她一边做饭，一边留意睡在摇篮里的婴儿。(2)“只要”，表示条件，引导条件状语从句。
②While there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
(3)“但是；可是”，表示对比，连接两个并列句。
③The boy is good at maths while his sister is good at Chinese.
那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。
(4)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折，引导让步状语从句。
④While he loves his students，he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。[巩固内化] 完成句子①________________________________， I do not know them well.
尽管他们是我的邻居，我对他们了解得并不多。
②_____________________ there is hope.
只要生命存在，就有希望。
③You like sports ________________________________．
你喜欢运动而我喜欢读书。
④______________________________________，the boy fell asleep in the chair.
当他妈妈在厨房做饭时，男孩在椅子上睡着了。While they are my neighboursWhile there is lifewhile I like readingWhile his mother was cooking in the kitchen动词-ing和-ed形式 [合作探究] 画出下列句子中的 “动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式” 结构，并指出其所作的句子成分。
示例：A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.(定语)
①The experiment was an amazing success.
②Li Ming’s hobby is collecting stamps.
③When I walked into the office, I saw a girl using my computer.
④He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry.
⑤The Olympic Games, first played in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.(定语)(表语)(宾语补足语)(状语)(状语)⑥What’s the language spoken in that area？
⑦We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
⑧She found her necklace gone on her way home.[自主发现1](1)动词-ing形式可以在句中作____________________________。
(2)动词-ed形式可以在句中作____________________________。(定语)(表语)(宾语补足语)定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语一、动词-ing形式1．作定语
[合作探究] No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.
阅览室里不准大声说话。
A little child learning(＝ who is learning) to walk often falls.
学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
There are many students waiting (＝ who are waiting) to get examined.
有许多学生在等待检查。[自主发现2](1)动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的____________短语。
(2)现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个____________从句。介词定语2．作状语[合作探究]
Hearing the noise, I turned around.
＝When I heard the noise, I turned around.
听到响声我转过身去。
Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
＝Because he was poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。Working hard, you’ll certainly succeed.
＝If you work hard, you’ll certainly succeed.
只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。
The fire lasted a whole night, causing great damage.
大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.
＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。[自主发现3]现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的____________从句。状语[名师提醒]现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果；而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构。
He was caught in the rain, making himself catch a cold.
被雨淋后他感冒了。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。3．作宾语补足语[合作探究] I saw a small girl standing in front of a fishbowl.
我看到一个小女孩站在鱼缸前。
I saw that thief getting on the train.
我看见那个贼正在上火车。
I saw the thief get on the train and disappear.
我看见那个贼上了火车，消失不见了。
I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.
在持续的噪音下我无法完成作业。[自主发现4](1)现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是____________关系。
(2)feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch等感官动词，既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作____________进行；不带to的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成。主动正在4．作表语[合作探究] The result of the game was disappointing.比赛结果令人失望。
His life story sounds very moving.他的人生故事听起来很感人。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone.我厌烦独自在这里等。
My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好就是集邮。[自主发现5]作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语，往往具有____________的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等；动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或____________的动作，一般说明主语的内容。形容词习惯性二、动词-ed形式1．作定语
[合作探究] The broken vase has been thrown outside.
那个碎了的花瓶已被扔到外面去了。
I borrowed a book written (＝that/which was written) by Mark Twain from the library.
我从图书馆里借了一本马克·吐温写的书。单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之____________；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面作____________定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。[自主发现6]前后置[名师提醒]不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，而表示完成，如：
boiled water＝water that has boiled开(过的)水
the fallen leaves＝the leaves that have fallen落叶
a developed country＝a country which has developed发达国家2．作宾语补足语When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
I want the letter posted.我想把这封信寄出去。
She found her necklace gone on her way home.
在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。 [自主发现7](1)及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的____________关系。
(2)少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示____________。被动动作完成3．作表语
[合作探究] The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。
Later they found that they were lost.后来他们发现他们迷路了。
We were amazed at the beauty of the lake.这个湖泊的美使我们大为惊奇。[自主发现8](1)过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于____________之后，这些系动词有be，remain，feel，seem，look，become等。
(2)有些过去分词作表语时，已经具备了____________的性质。系动词形容词4．作状语
[合作探究] Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。(原因状语)
Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。(条件状语)
Asked about the matter, she kept silent.
当被问及那个问题时，她默不作声。(时间状语)
The old man walked into the room，supported by his son.
这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。(方式状语)
He walked slowly in the forest，followed by a dog.
他在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着一条狗。(伴随状语)[自主发现9](1)过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的____________关系，即表被动。
(2)过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随状语时通常放在____________；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首。动宾句末动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语、表语和定语。动词-ed形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，表示被动和完成，在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。[巩固内化1]单句语法填空/同义句转换
①China is a ____________ (develop) country ____________ (belong) to the third world.
②Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the ____________ (meet) room.
③That must have been a ____________(terrify) experience.
④The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.
→ The girl ____________________________ was my cousin.developingbelongingmeetingterrifyingsitting next to me[巩固内化2] 完成句子①________________， the boy couldn’t focus on his study.
因为很困，这个男孩不能把注意力集中在学习上。
②________________________________， you will master this language step by step.
每天都用英语说话，你会一步一步掌握这门语言。
③I stared at the dark sky ________________ where I would belong.
凝望着漆黑的夜空，我心里思索着路在何方。
④He arrives at school very late every day, ________________________________．
他每天都很晚到达学校，这让他的老师很生气。
⑤______________________，I saw him.
当我在街上走时，我看到他了。Being sleepySpeaking in English every daythinking aboutmaking his teacher very angryWalking in the street[巩固内化3] 完成句子①He saw her ____________________________．
他看见她正在花园里干活。
②I could feel the wind ____________ on my face.
我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。
③He saw her ____________________.
他看见她走进屋子。
④With so many people ________________ her, she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。working in the gardenblowingenter the roomlooking at[巩固内化4] 完成句子①What he said was _________________.
他说的话鼓舞人心。
②Her letter was ____________．
她的信很感人。
③The news was _____________.
这消息令人兴奋。
④My job is ____________．
我的工作是教书。encouragingtouchingexcitingteaching[巩固内化5] 单词语法填空①Did you accept the invitation ____________ (give) by the tour guide?
②Most of the artists ____________ (invite) to the party were from South Africa.
③The speaker answered all the questions ____________ (raise) by the audience.
④You should improve your ____________ (speak) English.giveninvitedraisedspoken[巩固内化6] 完成句子①I saw an old man ________________ by a car just now.
刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
②I’ll ____________________ tomorrow.
明天我要理发。
③I heard the song ___________________．
我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。
④Don’t ___________________________．
要把那些事情做完。knocked downhave my hair cutsung in Englishleave those things undone[巩固内化7] 单句语法填空①She was ____________ (surprise) to find the fridge empty.
②She looked ____________ (tire) with cooking.
③They were ____________ (delight) to hear the delighting news.
④The bookstore is now ____________(close)．surprisedtireddelightedclosed[巩固内化8] 完成句子①________________________________ he has made, he works harder.
由于受到所取得的进步的鼓舞，他更努力工作了。
②________________________________， the city looks more beautiful.
从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。
③_____________________，I can also work out this problem.
再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。Encouraged by the progressSeen from the top of the hillGiven another hour④____________________，this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
⑤He stood there silently, __________________．
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。Written in a hurrymoved to tearsSection Ⅲ Lesson 2
Ⅰ.Pre－listening—Translate the following words and phrases.
1．poster n．海报
2．founder n. 创办人，创始者
3．profit n. 盈利，利润
4．organizer n. 组织者
5．contented adj. 满意的
6．occur v. 发生
7．make sb’s dream come true (使)某人梦想成真
8．agriculture n. 农业
9．proposal n. 建议，提议
10．slim adj. 微小的；苗条的
11．survival n. 继续生存，幸存
12．rate n. 比率
13．headstone n. 墓碑
14．current adj. 当前的，现时的
Ⅱ.While－listening
1．Finish Ex.2～Ex.4 on Page 34 & 35.
2．Finish Ex.5～Ex.7 on Page 35.
Ⅲ.Post－listening—Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1．Although there seemed only a slim chance that the trees could survive, the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.
尽管树木存活的机会似乎很渺茫，但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。
2．I have complete respect for her and admire her strength in overcoming such a great personal loss.
我非常尊重她，并钦佩她能克服如此巨大个人损失的力量。
3．To make the desert green was my son’s dream.
让沙漠变绿是我儿子的梦想。
Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Talk about NPO－Greenlife and its founder.
The__answer__is__open.
Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.
1．My question is：...我的问题是：……
[仿写] 我的问题是：信息是怎样储存在长期记忆中的？
My__question__is：How__is__information__stored__in__the__long－term__memory?
2．Can you say something about...？你能说说关于……的情况吗？
[仿写] 能说说你最喜欢的课外活动吗？
Can__you__say__something__about__your__favorite__activities__after__classes?
3．I’m interested in...Could you tell us more?
我对……很感兴趣。你能告诉我们更多吗？
[仿写] 我对你做的一切都感兴趣。你能告诉我们更多吗？
I’m__interested__in__everything__you__do.Could__you__tell__us__more?
Ⅲ.Talk about the questions you would like to ask Ms Yi Jiefang using the expressions above.
The__answer__is__open.
Ⅰ.语言知识积累
关于问问题的常用口语
1．How did you spend your holiday？你假期怎么过的？
2．How are you doing these days?
这些日子你怎么样？
3．What did he say in the letter?
他在信里说什么了？
4．What are you going to do with the books?
你打算拿这些书怎么办？
5．Why not go out for a walk?
为什么不出去散步？
6．What were you doing when I called?
我给你打电话时你在干吗？
7．Can you guess what I was doing this morning?
你能猜出今天上午我在做什么吗？
8．Could you tell us more about your personal journey into China？能否请您更多地讲讲您个人的中国之旅？
9．Can you say something about your study?
说说你的学习情况好吗？
Ⅱ.文化知识习得
全球十大NPO
1．Oxfam Hong Kong香港乐施会
2．Ford Foundation美国福特基金会
3．Save the Children Fund救助儿童基金会
4．Sasakawa Peace Foundation川和平财团
5．Health Unlimited无国界卫生组织
6．Smile Train微笑列车
7．Greenpeace绿色和平组织
8．International Fund for Animal Welfare国际爱护动物基金会
9．Himalayan Foundation喜玛拉雅基金会
10．Voluntary Service Overseas
海外志愿服务社
Ⅲ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．set up such an organization建立这样一个组织
2．have a contented life过着满足的生活
3．vast areas of dry lands大片的旱地
4．blow away吹走
5．a slim chance渺茫的机会
6．make a huge difference发挥很大的作用
7．make her son’s dream a reality使她儿子的梦想成为现实
8．bring...to an end使……结束
9．be referred to as被称为……
10．be full of充满
1.occur vi.发生；出现
Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.(教材P106)
易女士过着心满意足的生活，直到一件可怕的事情改变了她的生活。
[合作探究]
The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas.
这种病最常见于农村地区。
A good idea occurred to him when he was asked to solve the problem.
当被叫到解决这个问题的时候，他突然想到一个好主意。
I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police.
我想你压根儿就没想到给警察打电话吧。
It occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child.
她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。
[自主发现]
①sth occurs to sb 某人想起某事
②It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想起做某事
③It occurs to sb that... 某人想到……
[思考] 表示 “某人想起……”的短语还有：__sth__strikes/hits__sb,__sth__comes__to__sb等。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Jack was working in the lab when power cut occurred (occur)．
②His name just did not occur to me.
③It never occurred to her to ask anyone for help when she was in trouble.
④I suppose it never occurred to him to__meet (meet) with such a big problem.
⑤It__never__occurred__to__him__that he would make such a great success in the teaching career.
他从来没有想到他会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。
2.overcome vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情)
I have complete respect for her and admire her strength in overcoming such a great personal loss.(教材P107)
我非常尊重她，并钦佩她那种能克服如此巨大个人损失的力量。
[合作探究]
We can overcome any difficulty.我们能战胜任何困难。
Even today, I will be overcome with sorrow whenever I think of the dog.
直到今天，我一想到那只狗，还会不由自主地掉下眼泪。
This difficulty could be overcome by the use of money.
这一困难是可以用金钱克服的。
[自主发现]
①overcome sth 克服……
②be overcome with 为……所压倒/制服
③be overcome by 被……克服
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①He has enough courage to overcome__the__difficulty．
他有足够的勇气来克服这个困难。
②I was__overcome__with__surprise to hear him speak such good English.
听到他说那么一口漂亮的英语，我惊奇得不得了。
③We need to overcome difficulties, not be__overcome__by__them．
我们要克服困难，不要被困难压倒。
3.work through调整(情绪)
My question is：How did Ms Yi Jiefang work through her sadness after her son’s death？(教材P107)我的问题是：易解放女士在儿子死后是如何度过悲痛的？
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
work on致力于；对……起作用；继续工作；从事于……
work out 解决；算出；制定出；锻炼
work as 从事……工作
①I shall work on that project from next week.
我从下周起将开始那一课题的研究工作。
②You should work out the problem for yourself.你应该独立解决这个问题。
③I have been working as a teacher since 1998.
自从1998年以来我一直从事教师工作。,[巩固内化] 用适当的介词填空
①Only in this way can we work __out the problem.
②She is working on a new dictionary these days.
③A person who loses his family needs time to work through__ his sorrow.
④I have worked as a secretary since I graduated from college.
Ⅰ.Listening
(Ⅰ)Listen to the dialogue just once and choose the best answer.
Why has it snowed much more this year?
A．Because it’s very cold.
B．Because of global warming.
C．Because the summer was much hotter.
答案 B
听力原文
W：It’s really snowy here! I’ve never seen so much snow before.Does it always snow this much in New York city?
M：Well, it always snows in the winter here.But this year, it has snowed much more.
W：Why is that?
M：I’m not sure.The summer was also much hotter than usual, and it rained more often in the spring than normal.Maybe it’s global warming.
(Ⅱ)Listen to the text twice and choose the best answer.
1．What changed Yi Jiefang’s life?
A．A road accident happened to her.
B．She failed in her business.
C．Her son died in a road accident.
2．What did her son want to do after he graduated?
A．He wanted to plant trees in northern China.
B．He wanted to plant trees in southern China.
C．He wanted to travel abroad.
3．Why did Yi Jiefang set up NPO－Greenlife?
A．Because she was concerned about the sandstorms and deserts in China.
B．Because she wanted to make her son’s dream come true.
C．Because she wanted to become famous.
答案 1.C 2.A 3.B
听力原文
Today, I’m going to talk about NPO－Greenlife.Ms Yi Jiefang is the founder of NPO－Greenlife, a charity organisation.Why did she set up such an organisation and what is it for? These are the things I’m going to talk about in my presentation.
Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.Her 22－year－old son died in a road accident.For Yi Jiefang, life seemed to lose all meaning.But despite her sadness, she remembered how concerned her son had been about the sandstorms and deserts in northern China.He had said that he wanted to plant trees there after he graduated.So Yi Jiefang decided to make her son’s dream come true, and NPO－Greenlife was born.
Ⅱ.Listening and talking
(Ⅰ)Listening—Listen to the text twice and fill in the blanks.
Today, I’m going to talk about NPO－Greenlife.Ms Yi Jiefang is the ①founder of NPO－Greenlife, a charity organisation.Why did she ②set__up such an organisation and what is it for? These are the things I’m going to ③talk__about in my presentation.
Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event ④occurred which changed her life.Her 22－year－old son died in a road ⑤accident．For Yi Jiefang, life seemed to lose all meaning.But despite her ⑥sadness,__she remembered how concerned her son had been about the sandstorms and deserts in ⑦northern China.He had said that he wanted to plant trees there after he ⑧graduated．So Yi Jiefang decided to make her son’s dream ⑨come__true,__and NPO－Greenlife was ⑩born．
(Ⅱ) Talking—Work with your partner to talk about what Yi Jiefang did.
The__answer__is__open.
课件21张PPT。Ⅰ.Pre-listening—Translate the following words and phrases.1．poster n．________________
2．founder n. ________________
3．profit n. ________________
4．organizer n. ________________
5．contented adj. ________________Section Ⅲ Lesson 2海报创办人，创始者盈利，利润组织者满意的6．occur v. ________________
7．make sb’s dream come true ________________
8．agriculture n. ________________
9．proposal n. ________________
10．slim adj. ________________
11．survival n. ________________
12．rate n. ________________
13．headstone n. ________________
14．current adj. ________________发生(使)某人梦想成真农业建议，提议微小的；苗条的继续生存，幸存比率墓碑当前的，现时的Ⅱ.While-listening1．Finish Ex.2～Ex.4 on Page 34 & 35.
2．Finish Ex.5～Ex.7 on Page 35.Ⅲ.Post-listening—Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1．Although there seemed only a slim chance that the trees could survive, the difficulty did not prevent her from trying.尽管树木存活的机会似乎很渺茫，但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。_________________________________________________________________2．I have complete respect for her and admire her strength in overcoming such a great personal loss._________________________________________________________________我非常尊重她，并钦佩她能克服如此巨大个人损失的力量。3．To make the desert green was my son’s dream._________________________________________________________________让沙漠变绿是我儿子的梦想。Ⅰ.语言知识积累关于问问题的常用口语1．How did you spend your holiday？你假期怎么过的？
2．How are you doing these days? 这些日子你怎么样？
3．What did he say in the letter? 他在信里说什么了？
4．What are you going to do with the books? 你打算拿这些书怎么办？
5．Why not go out for a walk? 为什么不出去散步？6．What were you doing when I called? 我给你打电话时你在干吗？
7．Can you guess what I was doing this morning？你能猜出今天上午我在做什么吗？
8．Could you tell us more about your personal journey into China？
能否请您更多地讲讲您个人的中国之旅？
9．Can you say something about your study? 说说你的学习情况好吗？Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Talk about NPO-Greenlife and its founder.The answer is open.Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.1．My question is：...我的问题是：……[仿写] 我的问题是：信息是怎样储存在长期记忆中的？
____________________________________________________________My question is：How is information stored in the long-term memory?2．Can you say something about...？你能说说关于……的情况吗？[仿写] 能说说你最喜欢的课外活动吗？
__________________________________________________________Can you say something about your favorite activities after classes?3．I’m interested in...Could you tell us more?我对……很感兴趣。你能告诉我们更多吗？
[仿写] 我对你做的一切都感兴趣。你能告诉我们更多吗？
___________________________________________________I’m interested in everything you do.Could you tell us more?Ⅲ.Talk about the questions you would like to ask Ms Yi Jiefang using the expressions above.The answer is open.Ⅱ.文化知识习得全球十大NPO1．Oxfam Hong Kong香港乐施会
2．Ford Foundation美国福特基金会
3．Save the Children Fund救助儿童基金会
4．Sasakawa Peace Foundation川和平财团
5．Health Unlimited无国界卫生组织
6．Smile Train微笑列车
7．Greenpeace绿色和平组织
8．International Fund for Animal Welfare国际爱护动物基金会9．Himalayan Foundation喜玛拉雅基金会
10．Voluntary Service Overseas海外志愿服务社Ⅲ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义
1．set up such an organization____________
2．have a contented life____________
3．vast areas of dry lands____________
4．blow away____________
5．a slim chance____________
6．make a huge difference____________
7．make her son’s dream a reality__________________________
8．bring...to an end____________
9．be referred to as____________
10．be full of____________建立这样一个组织过着满足的生活大片的旱地吹走渺茫的机会发挥很大的作用使她儿子的梦想成为现实使……结束被称为……充满1.occur vi.发生；出现Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.(教材P106)
易女士过着心满意足的生活，直到一件可怕的事情改变了她的生活。[合作探究] The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas.
这种病最常见于农村地区。
A good idea occurred to him when he was asked to solve the problem.
当被叫到解决这个问题的时候，他突然想到一个好主意。
I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police.
我想你压根儿就没想到给警察打电话吧。
It occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child.
她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。[自主发现]①sth occurs ____________ sb 某人想起某事
②It occurs ____________ sb to do sth 某人想起做某事
③____________ occurs to sb that... 某人想到……[思考] 表示 “某人想起……”的短语还有：
_______________________________等。totoItsth strikes/hits sb, sth comes to sb[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子
①Jack was working in the lab when power cut ____________ (occur)．
②His name just did not occur ____________ me.
③____________ never occurred to her to ask anyone for help when she was in trouble.
④I suppose it never occurred to him ____________ (meet) with such a big problem.
⑤____________________________ he would make such a great success in the teaching career.
他从来没有想到他会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。occurredtoItto meetIt never occurred to him that2.overcome vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情)I have complete respect for her and admire her strength in overcoming such a great personal loss.(教材P107)
我非常尊重她，并钦佩她那种能克服如此巨大个人损失的力量。[合作探究] We can overcome any difficulty.我们能战胜任何困难。
Even today, I will be overcome with sorrow whenever I think of the dog.
直到今天，我一想到那只狗，还会不由自主地掉下眼泪。
This difficulty could be overcome by the use of money.
这一困难是可以用金钱克服的。[自主发现]①overcome sth 克服……
②be overcome ____________ 为……所压倒/制服
③be overcome ____________ 被……克服withby[巩固内化] 完成句子①He has enough courage to ____________________________．
他有足够的勇气来克服这个困难。
②I ____________________________________ to hear him speak such good English.
听到他说那么一口漂亮的英语，我惊奇得不得了。
③We need to overcome difficulties, not ____________________________________．
我们要克服困难，不要被困难压倒。overcome the difficultywas overcome with surprisebe overcome by them3.work through调整(情绪)My question is：How did Ms Yi Jiefang work through her sadness after her son’s death？(教材P107)
我的问题是：易解放女士在儿子死后是如何度过悲痛的？work on致力于；对……起作用；继续工作；从事于……
work out 解决；算出；制定出；锻炼
work as 从事……工作①I shall work on that project from next week.
我从下周起将开始那一课题的研究工作。
②You should work out the problem for yourself.
你应该独立解决这个问题。
③I have been working as a teacher since 1998.
自从1998年以来我一直从事教师工作。[巩固内化] 用适当的介词填空①Only in this way can we work ____________ the problem.
②She is working ____________ a new dictionary these days.
③A person who loses his family needs time to work ____________ his sorrow.
④I have worked ____________ a secretary since I graduated from college.outonthroughasSection Ⅳ Lesson 3
1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures, and discuss what they are about.
They__are__about__shared__bikes__and__low－carbon__lifestyle.
2．Prediction—Read the title and look at the pictures on Page 36 ～37 and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__“white__bikes”__in__Amsterdam.
1．First reading—Read the text and answer the following questions.
(1)Why is Amsterdam a good city for cycling?
__Because__it’s__flat__and__therefore__is__convenient__for__bikes．
(2)When did the“ white bikes ” return to Amsterdam?
In__1999.
(3)What effects have“ white bikes ” had on Amsterdam?
People__can__now__enjoy__clean__air__and__easy__transport__in__central__Amsterdam.
2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)Amsterdam is called the “ City of Bicycles” because of ________．
A．the cycling fans there
B．the appearance of bicycles
C．the quality of bicycles
D．the convenience for bicycles
(2)In the 1960s, some cycling fans hoped bikes could ________.
A．help to save energy
B．be specially designed
C．be placed anywhere
D．be painted in different colours
(3)Why did the first “ white bike” plan fail?
A．People were tired of riding bikes.
B．There were not enough parking places.
C．Thieves took all the bikes within weeks.
D．The government allowed people to drive cars freely.
(4)What do people use if they want to take a “ white bike” in the city?
A．A white key. B．A special card.
C．A special computer. D．A common chip.
答案 (1)D (2)A (3)C (4)B
3．Third reading—Read the text carefully and fill in the form.
Time
Facts about “White Bikes” in Amsterdam
In the 1960s,
A group of cycling fans believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed ①in__the__city__centre and only bicycles were. They ②painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas for people to use. Soon after, the “white bikes” all ③disappeared．
In 1999
The “white bikes” ④returned__to Amsterdam.And a computer ⑤tracking__system was used to record its every move.The new “white bikes” were not actually white but designed with ⑥bright colours and were parked at ⑦special__parking__places．
Now
The idea of “white bikes” has ⑧spread__around__the__world and there has been ⑨a__global__increase in bike－sharing. In China, more and more cities have their own “white bikes ” programmes. However, problems also develop and people are trying different ways to find the ⑩solutions to the problems.
1．Thinking and discussing：Why has the idea spread to other parts of the world in recent years?
__The__answer__is__open.
2．Make a summary of the text using your own words.
__The__answer__is__open.
共享单车相关词
1．bicycle－sharing/shared bikes共享单车
2．ride a bicycle/take a ride/cycle骑自行车
3．unlock the smart lock解开智能锁
4．illegal parking乱停乱放
5．random parking随机停车
6．bicycle damage车辆损坏
如何进行细节阅读
1．By understanding the sentences in general.
2．By underlining the key words in the text.
3．By paying attention to the important points, facts, figures, etc.
4．By making marks while reading.
5．By taking notes while reading.
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore is convenient for bikes.n.骑自行车__adj.平坦的
2．Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared—thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks！vi.消失
3．Thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their destination and leave them there.n.目的地；终点
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．plenty of places for bicycle parking很多可以停放自行车的地方
2．come up with an idea想出一个办法
3．reduce pollution减少污染
4．soon after不久以后
5．in a matter of weeks在几周的时间内
6．a computer tracking system计算机跟踪系统
7．thanks to由于，幸亏
8．a global increase全球性增长
9．enjoy the benefits of exercise享受锻炼的好处
10．parking issues停放问题
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．that引导宾语从句；if引导条件状语从句
They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.
2．不定式短语作后置定语
Both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes because bike－sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．We eventually arrived at our destination(目的地)．
2．I was ill, and therefore(因此) I could not come.
3．In many towns parking(停车) is allowed only on one side of the street.
4．This is the only path(小径) through the forest.
5．Microcomputers have been used in radar tracking(跟踪)．
6．The sun __disappeared (appear) behind a cloud.
7．If it is convenient (convenience) to you, please go for my party this Sunday.
8．I’m __hopeful (hope) that they’ll finish the task on time.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．Is this the best answer that you can come__up__with(想出)?
2．I need plenty__of(充裕的)time to finish the work.
3．Soon__after(不久之后), in 1945, they were married.
4．Thanks__to(多亏)his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
5．If it is__convenient__for(对……方便)you, we’ll come tomorrow.
6．I expect something to come__about(发生)soon.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.
人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方，以便其他人就可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。
[仿写] 请打开窗户，以便我们能呼吸新鲜空气。
Please open the window so__that__we__can__breathe__fresh__air．
2．To take a bicycle, you had to put in a special card.
要骑自行车，你必须放入一张特别的卡。
[仿写] 为了完成我的工作，我上周五加班到深夜。
To__finish__my__work,__I worked overtime late into the night last Friday.
记单词
词缀助记派生词
1．形容词后缀：－ent ，－ful
convenience (n.)→convenient (adj.)
hope (n.)→hopeful (adj.)
2．名词后缀：－ing, －tion
park (v.)→parking (n.)
track (v.)→tracking (n.)
solve (v.)→solution (n.)
3．否定前缀：dis－
appear (v.)→disappear (v.)
agree (v.)→ disagree (v.)
like (v.)→ dislike (v.)
cover (v.)→ discover (v.)
句型公式
1．so that引导目的状语从句。
2．to do不定式作目的状语。
1.disappear vi.消失；不见 disappearance n．消失；不见
Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared...(教材P37)
然而，不久后问题出现了，“白色自行车全部消失不见了……”
[合作探究] 体会disappear的用法和意义
Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.
因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在快速绝种。
He disappeared into the dark.他消失在黑暗中。
I watched her disappear from my horizon.我看着她从我的视线消失。
The sun disappeared behind the clouds.太阳消失在云丛后面。
[自主发现]
①disappear __into 消失在……中
②disappear from 从……消失
③disappear behind 消失在……后面
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Might the computers disappear__from the earth in the near future?
电脑在不久的将来有可能从地球上消失吗？
②She made a bow and disappeared__behind the curtain.
她鞠了一个躬，就退到幕后去了。
③The magician made the rabbit disappear__into the hat.
魔术师让兔子在帽子里消失了。
2.provide vt.提供；供应
They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.(教材P36)
他们希望这将有助于节约能源、减少污染和提供免费的公共交通。
[合作探究] 体会provide的用法和意义
She provided her father with all the food and money he wanted.
她给她父亲提供他所需要的食物和钱。
He was very poor because he had to provide for five children.
他很穷，因为他要抚养五个孩子。
[自主发现]
①provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物
②provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
③provide for 抚养；供养
[巩固内化] 完成句子/一句多译
①He provided__for__his__family by selling newspapers.
他靠卖报来养活他的家人。
②Did your parents provide__food__and__clothes__for__you in the university?
＝Did your parents provide__you__with__food__and__clothes in the university?
你父母供给你在大学的衣食了吗？
1.come up with想出，想到
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.(教材P36)
20世纪60年代，一群自行车爱好者想到了一个主意。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
come up 走近；上来；被提出
come about 发生；产生
come across 遇见；(偶然)发现
come out 出来；出版
come to 苏醒；总计；达到
when it comes to...(to为介词) 当谈到……
①He came up with a really creative solution to the problem.
他找到一个真正具有创造性的解决问题方案。
②Can you tell me when it came about？你能告诉我这是何时发生的吗？
③I came across my old friend at the office yesterday.
昨天在办公室，我偶然碰见了我的老朋友。
④When it comes to making friends, you cannot be too careful.
一谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。,[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①We came up with an interesting idea.
②If I know how it came __about,__I will tell you.
③I came across my college roommate yesterday.
④When it comes to educating (educate) children, the Chinese parents think little of money.
⑤His income comes to one hundred thousand yuan a year.
2.thanks to幸亏；由于；因为
Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans in the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”， you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.(教材P37)
多亏了许多人的想法和努力，比如20世纪60年代的自行车爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人，现在你可以在阿姆斯特丹市中心享受干净的空气和便捷的交通。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
thanks for 因……而感谢
thanks a lot 非常感谢；多谢
many thanks 多谢，十分感谢
①Thanks for your help.非常感谢您对我的帮助。
②Many thanks for your invitation.非常感谢你的邀请。
③Thanks a lot for everything you did for me.非常感谢你为我做的一切。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Thanks to the disease, I have the opportunity to improve my character.
②Thanks __for your umbrella.
③非常感谢你的支持！
→Thanks__a__lot for your support!
→Many__thanks for your support！
1.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.(教材P36)
人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方，以便其他人就可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。
[句式解读] 句中so that引导目的状语从句，从句中含有情态动词could。
[用法总结]
(1)so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，可用in order that 替换，从句中常有may，can，could等情态动词。
①I will leave so that you can concentrate on your work.
我这就走，以便让你专心工作。
②He came in quietly so that he wouldn’t wake his wife up.
他轻轻地进来，为了不把他的妻子吵醒。
(2)so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，通常不与情态动词连用，从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。
③I got up early, so that I caught the first bus.
我起得很早，所以赶上了第一班公共汽车。
④Suddenly it began to rain heavily，so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving.突然下起了大雨，几乎无法继续开车。
[名师提醒] in order that也可以引导目的状语从句，常与so that互换，so that一般不用于句首，而in order that可用于句首。
[巩固内化]
完成句子/同义句转换
①We must study harder so__that__we__could__realize__our__dreams__earlier．
为了早日实现我们的梦想，我们要更加努力地学习。
②They started out early, so__that__they__didn’t__miss__the__train．
他们早早就出发了，所以没误火车。
③He left early in order that he could avoid the traffic jam.
→He left early so__that he could avoid the traffic jam.
2.To take a bicycle, you had to put in a special card.(教材P37)要骑自行车，你必须放入一张特别的卡。
[句式解读] 句中to take a bicycle为不定式短语作目的状语。
[用法总结]
动词不定式作目的状语通常译为“为了……”，主要有以下三种结构形式：
结构形式
位置
说明
(not) to do...,
句首、句尾
位于句首时，表示强调目的。
in order (not)to do...
句首、句尾,
这种结构形式更能突出目的性，为了表示强调，常置于句首。
so as (not) to do...
句尾
这种结构形式也是为了突出状语的目的性，与第二种结构形式所不同的主要是位置的区别。
①They worked hard to get good marks in the final exams.
为了在期终考试中得到好分数，他们很用功。
②They took exercise every day to keep healthy.他们为了保持健康每天运动。
③In order to learn spoken English well, he often talks with American friends.
为了学好口语他常常和美国朋友交谈。
④Lily saw many Chinese films so as to know more about China.
莉莉看了很多中国电影以便更多地了解中国。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Mr.Zhang does what he can __to__help (help) us improve our English.
②我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。
We’ll hold a meeting to__discuss the unhealthy lifestyle.
＝We’ll hold a meeting in__order__to__discuss the unhealthy lifestyle.
＝We’ ll hold a meeting so__as__to__discuss the unhealthy lifestyle.
＝To/In__order__to__discuss the unhealthy lifestyle, we’ll hold a meeting.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Amsterdam is a city where people enjoy 1.cycling (cycle) because it’s flat.Cycling fans in Amsterdam first had the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s.They painted hundreds of bikes white and left them around the city centre for anybody 2.to__use (use) because they were 3.hopeful(hope) that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.4.Unfortunately (fortunate), in a matter of weeks, the “ white bikes” all 5.disappeared (disappear)．In the 1990s，“white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with some high－tech security measures, for example a computer tracking system.Now bike－sharing programmes 6.like “white bikes ” have become popular all around the world, 7.including(include) China, 8.where more and more people use shared bikes in cities.But problems do sometimes develop, like the stealing of bikes and 9.parking(park) issues.However, people are trying different ways 10.to__find (find) solutions to those problems.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
李先生被邀请到森林里去野餐。但是当他到达目的地 (destination) 的时候，他发现没有停车 (parking) 场，因此(therefore) 他不得不把自行车停在路 (path) 边。不幸的是，当他野餐结束之后，他发现他的自行车不见 (disappear) 了。为了防止这种情况再次发生，他想出 (come up with) 了一个解决办法 (solution) ——设计一个跟踪 (tracking) 系统。从那以后，他的自行车再也没有被偷过。
Mr.Li__was__invited__to__have__a__picnic__in__the__forest.But__when__arriving__at__the__destination,__he__found__that__there__was__not__a__parking__lot.Therefore,__he__had__to__park__his__bike__by__the__side__of__the__path.Unfortunately,__when__he__finished__the__picnic,__he__found__that__his__bike__disappeared.To__prevent__this__from__happening__again,__he__came__up__with__a__solution—designing__a__tracking__system.Since__then,__his__bike__has__never__been__stolen__again.
名词用作动词
一、在英文中，有许多“名词活用作动词”的现象。或者说，这些单词本身就有动词的意思，只是我们在学习这些单词的时候通常只接触了其名词的意思。
举个最简单的例子“man”这个单词，我们都知道是人、男人的意思，但它也可以作动词，有操作、配置人员、使增强勇气、拿出男子气概等意思。
You need to man up and own up to your mistake.
你要像个男人一样承认自己的错误。
二、熟练掌握这种名词和动词之间的转换具有非常重要的意义，对于我们英语水平的提高也至关重要。它的主要作用体现在：
1．让语言更加简洁
比如说表示“我坐公共汽车去上班”这个意思，你可以说“I take a bus to work”也可以说“I bus to work”。
当bus作动词时既包含了乘坐这个动作，又包含了所乘坐的交通工具，所以可以帮助省略不必要的take，让说话写作更加简洁明了。
2．使语言更加生动
比如corner这个单词，名词意思是角落、墙角，动词的意思则有转弯、垄断、使为难等等。
With this new technology, we are going to corner the market within the next two years.有了这项新科技，我们将在未来两年垄断市场。
当corner这个单词作垄断意思解释的时候非常形象，想象一下一家公司把所有竞争者都逼到了墙角，这不就是垄断吗？
还有个单词entrance，名词解释是入口，但当它作动词时就变成了使着迷、欣喜若狂。想象一下某个事物可以进入你的心灵，让你为之心动。
Her beauty entrances him.她的美丽让他痴迷。
所以如果能做到名词的动词活用，可以使英文的语句更加具有画面感。
3．使语言更加地道
比如我们要用英文表达“他著有两本畅销小说”。
你当然可以说“He has written two best－selling novels”，但这里的write让人感觉只是“写”，而没有“著”，所以会显得不够书面，不够地道。
如果用authored来取代written就可以准确地表达出句子。
英文单词中名词作动词的情形远远不止以上的例子。比如还有一组植物的名词，像花flower、杂草weed、植物plant、种子seed、根root等等都可以作动词使用，分别是成熟、除草、种植、播种、固定的意思。
随着人类社会的不断前进，语言也不断地向前发展，旧词少用，新词产生，语言变得越来越生动、形象，富于表现力和丰富多彩。人们常常用转化法、合成法、派生法等来创造新词。
所谓转化法，就是词类转化，或叫词性转化，即利用某些词本身固有的特点，把原属于一类词性的词转化成另一种词类，即一种词类不经过任何词态变化而有意地作另一类词使用，同时又没有失去原有词内在的意思。
[巩固内化]
写出下列加黑单词的词义
①He intends to voyage across the Indian Ocean.渡过
②She is outdoors gardening every afternoon.做园艺
③Stop mothering her, she is 30 years old and can take care of herself perfectly well.溺爱
④A dog was nosing at the dustbin.嗅
⑤They stormed the speaker with questions.猛攻
⑥He was angry and mouthed all the food on the table.吃
⑦John was chosen to head the research group to do the work.率领
⑧The child was eyeing the chocolate cake.盯着看
⑨Smoking can cause lung cancer.导致
⑩They were unwilling to back the plan.支持
Ⅰ.写出下列加黑单词的词义
1．The river snakes its way across the wood.蜿蜒/曲折前行
2．He fished out the key from his pocket.摸索、探寻
3．He hired a housekeeper to nurse the old house inherited from his grandfather.看护，照料
4．She always likes to boss people around.管理，指挥
5．Will you hand me the pencil please？传递
6．You need to skin the potatoes before cooking them.去除皮/骨头
7．The actors bowed as the audience applauded.鞠躬，致敬
8．We usually ship goods on the same day if you place the order before 4 pm.运送
9．Don’t baby your kids; it won’t benefit them in the long run.溺爱，娇惯
10．I got up late this morning, so I had to wolf my breakfast to avoid being late for class.狼吞虎咽
Ⅱ.用所给名词的动词完成句子
1．I’d like to book__three__seats__for tonight’s concert.(book)
我想为今晚的音乐会预订三个座位。
2．Could you help me address__these__envelopes? (address)
帮我给这些信封写地址好吗？
3．The computer has__been__programmed．(programme)
计算机已编好程序。
4．He is__vacationing in the countryside.(vacation)
他正在乡下度假。
5．He placed__the__books in order on the shelf.(place)
他把书按顺序摆在书架上．
6．Shall I sugar__the__milk for you? (sugar)
我给你的牛奶加糖好吗？
7．They have husbanded__their__farms__very well.(husband)
他们把农场管理得很好。
8．You must pressure__him__to__do it.(pressure)
你必须强迫他做这件事。
9．Mr.Smith has__authored__a__book on AIDS.(author)
史密斯先生写了一本关于艾滋病的书。
10．We must limit__the__amount__of__money we spend.(limit)
我们必须限定花钱的数量。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We do not have enough money.Therefore(因此)，we can not afford to buy the new car.
2．They went out for a walk on the flat path(小径)．
3．The snow will soon __disappear(消失)when the warm weather comes.
4．This is how he reached the destination(目的地)．
5．With our product you can do TV programs tracking(跟踪)and much more!
6．They provided(提供)some necessary support for the sufferers.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I don’t think it is convenient for him to__meet (meet) her at the station.
2．They don’t allow parking (park) in this street.
3．They watched the train until it disappeared (disappear) in the distance.
4．I see other trains coming and going.I also do not know their destinations (destination)．
5．Thanks to your advice, much trouble was saved.
6．I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
7．The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s day.
8．The doctors are busy doing what they can to__save (save) the dying man.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Seal Island is a 200－meter long island in South Africa, which is surrounded by 55 to 57 degrees Fahrenheit waters and covered with over 60，000 seals and some birds.This island has been home to many birds and seals.You may think this island is a paradise.In fact, the island is not famous for the seals or birds.However, the real stars are the great white sharks that leap out of the water to catch the seals they are hunting.
You may think that there is no way for a 15－foot long, 3，000－pound shark to hurl its body out of the water and catch a seal in midair.Actually, these sharks are called “Air Jaws”．
Over the years, the seals have gotten smarter.Now, they go out in groups of seven and eight to feed.They swim down on the sea floor, which gives them extra camouflage (掩饰)．When they have to swim near the water surface, they swim in a zigzag (之字形的) pattern.But with all these tricks, they can still be outwitted (以智取胜) by the sharks.Usually, the sharks will take one seal away from its group and force it to swim on the surface, where it is easy to hunt.Sometimes, the seal is lucky and gets away, but most of them die in the process of trying to survive.
Every year, tourists go to see these amazing animals leap out of the water, sometimes flinging (抛) their whole bodies into the air when they want to catch the seals.Some people even want to go into shark cages to see the action from below! This is the reason why this island attracts thousands of tourists around the world every year.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。作者向我们介绍了位于南非的Seal Island。在这个岛周边的水域大白鲨常常跳出水面猎食海豹，这一景象吸引了许多游客前去观看。
1．What probably makes Seal Island famous?
A．The large number of seals in the water.
B．The way the great white sharks hunt.
C．The beautiful scenery of the island.
D．The special position of the island.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“However, the real stars are...they are hunting.”可知，大白鲨跳出水面捕食海豹是Seal Island出名的主要原因。]
2．Why do the seals swim in a zigzag pattern?
A．To save energy.
B．To warm themselves.
C．To look for food.
D．To avoid the white sharks.
答案 D [推理判断题。文章第三段列举了海豹躲避大白鲨的方法，其中一种方法就是在水里“之”字形游动。]
3．We can infer from the third paragraph that ________．
A．white sharks are dangerous animals
B．the seals are cleverer than the white sharks
C．the sharks are successful in hunting the seals
D．it is easier for the sharks to hunt the seals on the sea floor
答案 C [推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，几年来海豹虽然变聪明了，但它们还是难逃被大白鲨捕食的厄运，这说明大白鲨的捕食很成功。]
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A．To explain why Seal Island is famous.
B．To show how white sharks hunt seals.
C．To advise us to visit Seal Island.
D．To ask us to protect animals.
答案 A [写作意图题。通过文章第一段以及最后一段可知，这篇文章主要向我们介绍了Seal Island出名的原因。]
Ⅳ.七选五
You need to dress warmly when you play in the snow.And to get around in deep snow, you might need snowshoes.
Animals need winter coats and snowshoes too.
A musk ox (麝牛) wears two coats in winter.__1__ It keeps the inner coat of soft fur (皮毛) warm and dry.The furry undercoat falls off each spring and the ox grows a new one every winter.
A snowshoe rabbit changes its coat to match the season.__2__ In winter it grows white fur to match the snow.It even has fur on the bottoms of its feet.
__3__ A seal (海豹) has an extra layer under its fur coat too.This thick layer of fat lies under the seal’s skin and is great at holding in heat, especially in the water.
The Arctic fox has fur on the bottoms of its feet and one of the warmest double coats of any animal.But on very cold and windy days, it adds something.__4__
A polar bear’s big feet act like snowshoes.__5__ The bottom of each foot is protected by fur and the fur helps the bear walk on the snowy ground.
A．It can run very quickly.
B．Do you wear a sweater under your coat?
C．They can move quickly across the snow.
D．The outer coat reaches almost to the ground.
E．It uses its thick tail like a scarf to cover its nose and face.
F．In summer its brown fur helps it hide among dirt and rocks.
G．They spread out the bear’s weight so it can walk easily on the snow.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了动物如何抵御寒冷以及在冰天雪地里行走。
1．D [根据下一句“It keeps the inner coat of soft fur (皮毛) warm and dry.”可知，D项“外面的皮毛垂到地面”符合语境。D项中的outer coat与下一句中的inner coat相呼应。]
2．F [根据该空前的“changes its coat to match the season”和该空后的“In winter it grows white fur to match the snow.”可知，雪兔的皮毛为了和不同的季节保持协调而发生变化，因此F项介绍雪兔的皮毛在夏天时的情况符合语境。F项中的In summer和下一句中的In winter形成对比。]
3．B [根据该空后的“an extra layer under its fur coat too”可知，B项“你在外套里面穿毛衣吗？”符合语境。B项中的“a sweater under your coat”与下一句中的“an extra layer under its fur coat”相呼应。]
4．E [根据该空前的“it adds something”可知，北极狐的尾巴还可当作围巾使用，包裹鼻子和脸。故选E项。]
5．G [根据该空前的“A polar bear’s big feet act like snowshoes”可知，北极熊宽大的脚可以分摊自身的重量并且保证它们在雪上轻松行走。故选G项。]
Ⅴ.语法填空
What on earth does happiness mean? I can’t give you its 1.________ (exactly) definition (定义), but I’m sure if you love and help others, you’ll get it.
I’ll never forget an old lady.She lives in 2.________ small house alone.It is said that her husband and her son 3.________ (die) in a road accident years ago.Her life is bitter, but she often helps others with a smile.Whenever it snows, she is always the first to clean the paths.She looks after several children 4.________ (live) nearby.I am one of them.I often remember the 5.________ (story) she told us and her kind smile.Perhaps she is unlucky, 6.________ I think she is a happy person.Her life is full of laughter and love.
But I’m sad to see some people getting their happiness in bad ways.They talk 7.________ (noisy) in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees 8.________ (enjoy) themselves and they laugh at others’ shortcomings.Perhaps they feel happy at that time, but they will never get true happiness because they have lost their personality already.
Now I know what happiness is.9.________ means kindness, love and unselfishness.Above all, I have come to understand that 10.________ (bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.
【语篇解读】 究竟什么是幸福？作者给出了自己的理解——幸福意味着善良、爱心和无私。
1．exact [修饰名词definition，应用形容词。]
2．a [此处泛指“一所小房子”，用不定冠词a。]
3．died [根据years ago可知，应用一般过去时。]
4．living [v.－ing作定语修饰several children。]
5．stories [story“故事”是可数名词，讲的故事不止一个，故用复数形式。]
6．but/yet [由unlucky及happy的对比可知，前后句之间为转折关系，故用but/yet连接。]
7．noisily [修饰动词talk用副词。]
8．to enjoy [此处用动词不定式作目的状语。]
9．It [指代前一句提到的happiness，故用It。]
10．bringing [所用词在宾语从句中作主语，且指抽象性动作，故应用动名词形式。]
课件49张PPT。1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures, and discuss what they are about.Section Ⅳ Lesson 3They are about shared bikes and low-carbon lifestyle.2．Prediction—Read the title and look at the pictures on Page 36 ～37 and predict what the text is probably about.The text is mainly about “white bikes” in Amsterdam.1．First reading—Read the text and answer the following questions.(1)Why is Amsterdam a good city for cycling?
________________________________________________________________________
(2)When did the“ white bikes ” return to Amsterdam?
?________________________________________________________________________
(3)What effects have“ white bikes ” had on Amsterdam?
?________________________________________________________________________Because it’s flat and therefore is convenient for bikes.In 1999.People can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.(1)Amsterdam is called the “ City of Bicycles” because of ________．
A．the cycling fans there
B．the appearance of bicycles
C．the quality of bicycles
D．the convenience for bicycles答案 D(2)In the 1960s, some cycling fans hoped bikes could ________. A．help to save energy
B．be specially designed
C．be placed anywhere
D．be painted in different colours答案 A(3)Why did the first “ white bike” plan fail?A．People were tired of riding bikes.
B．There were not enough parking places.
C．Thieves took all the bikes within weeks.
D．The government allowed people to drive cars freely.答案 C(4)What do people use if they want to take a “ white bike” in the city? A．A white key.
B．A special card.
C．A special computer.
D．A common chip.答案 B3．Third reading—Read the text carefully and fill in the form.in the city centrepainteddisappearedreturned totracking systembrightspecial parking placesspread around the worlda global increasesolutions1．Thinking and discussing：Why has the idea spread to other parts of the world in recent years?
2．Make a summary of the text using your own words.The answer is open.The answer is open.共享单车相关词1．Bicycle-sharing/shared bikes共享单车
2．ride a bicycle/take a ride/cycle骑自行车
3．unlock the smart lock解开智能锁
4．illegal parking乱停乱放
5．random parking随机停车
6．bicycle damage车辆损坏如何进行细节阅读1．By understanding the sentences in general.
2．By underlining the key words in the text.
3．By paying attention to the important points, facts, figures, etc.
4．By making marks while reading.
5．By taking notes while reading.语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore is convenient for bikes.______________________
2．Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared—thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks！____________
3．Thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their destination and leave them there.__________________n.骑自行车 adj.平坦的vi.消失n.目的地；终点Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义
1．plenty of places for bicycle parking____________________________
2．come up with an idea__________________
3．reduce pollution____________
4．soon after____________
5．in a matter of weeks____________________
6．a computer tracking system__________________很多可以停放自行车的地方想出一个办法减少污染不久以后在几周的时间内计算机跟踪系统7．thanks to____________
8．a global increase____________
9．enjoy the benefits of exercise________________
10．parking issues____________由于，幸亏全球性增长享受锻炼的好处停放问题Ⅲ.句式欣赏1．that引导宾语从句；if引导条件状语从句
They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.
2．不定式短语作后置定语
Both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．We eventually arrived at our ____________(目的地)．
2．I was ill, and ____________(因此) I could not come.
3．In many towns ____________(停车) is allowed only on one side of the street.
4．This is the only ____________(小径) through the forest.
5．Microcomputers have been used in radar ____________(跟踪)．
6．The sun ____________ (appear) behind a cloud.7．If it is ____________ (convenience) to you, please go for my party this Sunday.
8．I’m ____________ (hope) that they’ll finish the task on time.destinationthereforeparkingpathtrackingdisappearedconvenienthopefulⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．Is this the best answer that you can ________________(想出)?
2．I need ________________(充裕的)time to finish the work.
3．________________(不久之后), in 1945, they were married.
4．________________(多亏)his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
5．If it ________________(对……方便)you, we’ll come tomorrow.
6．I expect something to ________________(发生)soon.come up withplenty ofSoon afterThanks tois convenient forcome aboutⅢ.句式语境仿写1．People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方，以便其他人就可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。
[仿写] 请打开窗户，以便我们能呼吸新鲜空气。
Please open the window ________________________________________________.so that we can breathe fresh air2．To take a bicycle, you had to put in a special card.要骑自行车，你必须放入一张特别的卡。
[仿写] 为了完成我的工作，我上周五加班到深夜。
___________________, I worked overtime late into the night last Friday.To finish my work词缀助记派生词1．形容词后缀：-ent ，-ful
convenience (n.)→convenient (adj.)
hope (n.)→hopeful (adj.)
2．名词后缀：-ing, -tion
park (v.)→parking (n.)
track (v.)→tracking (n.)
solve (v.)→solution (n.)记单词3．否定前缀：dis-appear (v.)→disappear (v.)
agree (v.)→ disagree (v.)
like (v.)→ dislike (v.)
cover (v.)→ discover (v.)句型公式1．so that引导目的状语从句。
2．to do不定式作目的状语。1.disappear vi.消失；不见 disappearance n．消失；不见Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared...(教材P37)
然而，不久后问题出现了，“白色自行车全部消失不见了……”[合作探究] 体会disappear的用法和意义Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.
因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在快速绝种。
He disappeared into the dark.他消失在黑暗中。
I watched her disappear from my horizon.我看着她从我的视线消失。
The sun disappeared behind the clouds.太阳消失在云丛后面。[自主发现]①disappear ____________ 消失在……中
②disappear ____________ 从……消失
③disappear ____________ 消失在……后面intofrombehind[巩固内化] 完成句子①Might the computers ________________ the earth in the near future?
电脑在不久的将来有可能从地球上消失吗？
②She made a bow and ___________________ the curtain.
她鞠了一个躬，就退到幕后去了。
③The magician made the rabbit ________________ the hat.
魔术师让兔子在帽子里消失了。disappear fromdisappeared behinddisappear into2.provide vt.提供；供应They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.(教材P36)
他们希望这将有助于节约能源、减少污染和提供免费的公共交通。[合作探究] 体会provide的用法和意义She provided her father with all the food and money he wanted.
她给她父亲提供他所需要的食物和钱。
He was very poor because he had to provide for five children.
他很穷，因为他要抚养五个孩子。[自主发现]①provide sb ____________ sth为某人提供某物
②provide sth ____________ sb 为某人提供某物
③provide ____________ 抚养；供养[巩固内化] 完成句子/一句多译①He ____________________________ by selling newspapers.
他靠卖报来养活他的家人。
②Did your parents ________________________________ in the university?
＝Did your parents ________________________________ in the university?
你父母供给你在大学的衣食了吗？withforforprovided for his familyprovide food and clothes for youprovide you with food and clothes1.come up with想出，想到In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.(教材P36)
20世纪60年代，一群自行车爱好者想到了一个主意。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语come up走近；上来；被提出
come about 发生；产生
come across 遇见；(偶然)发现
come out 出来；出版
come to 苏醒；总计；达到
when it comes to...(to为介词) 当谈到……①He came up with a really creative solution to the problem.
他找到一个真正具有创造性的解决问题方案。
②Can you tell me when it came about?
你能告诉我这是何时发生的吗？
③I came across my old friend at the office yesterday.
昨天在办公室，我偶然碰见了我的老朋友。
④When it comes to making friends, you cannot be too careful.
一谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①We came up ____________ an interesting idea.
②If I know how it came ____________， I will tell you.
③I came ____________ my college roommate yesterday.
④When it comes to ____________ (educate) children, the Chinese parents think little of money.
⑤His income comes ____________ one hundred thousand yuan a year.withaboutacrosseducatingto2.thanks to幸亏；由于；因为Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans in the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”， you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.(教材P37)
多亏了许多人的想法和努力，比如20世纪60年代的自行车爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人，现在你可以在阿姆斯特丹市中心享受干净的空气和便捷的交通。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语thanks for 因……而感谢
thanks a lot 非常感谢；多谢
many thanks 多谢，十分感谢
①Thanks for your help.
非常感谢您对我的帮助。
②Many thanks for your invitation.
非常感谢你的邀请。
③Thanks a lot for everything you did for me.
非常感谢你为我做的一切。[巩固内化]单句语法填空/一句多译
①Thanks ____________ the disease, I have the opportunity to improve my character.
②Thanks ____________ your umbrella.
③非常感谢你的支持！
→________________ for your support!
→________________ for your support！toforThanks a lotMany thanks1.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.(教材P36)
人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方，以便其他人就可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。[句式解读] 句中so that引导目的状语从句，从句中含有情态动词could。
[用法总结]
(1)so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，可用in order that 替换，从句中常有may，can，could等情态动词。①I will leave so that you can concentrate on your work.
我这就走，以便让你专心工作。
②He came in quietly so that he wouldn’t wake his wife up.
他轻轻地进来，为了不把他的妻子吵醒。
(2)so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，通常不与情态动词连用，从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。
③I got up early, so that I caught the first bus.
我起得很早，所以赶上了第一班公共汽车。
④Suddenly it began to rain heavily，so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving.突然下起了大雨，几乎无法继续开车。[名师提醒] in order that也可以引导目的状语从句，常与so that互换，so that一般不用于句首，而in order that可用于句首。[巩固内化]完成句子/同义句转换
①We must study harder _______________________________________________.
为了早日实现我们的梦想，我们要更加努力地学习。
②They started out early, ________________________________．
他们早早就出发了，所以没误火车。
③He left early in order that he could avoid the traffic jam.
→He left early ___________ he could avoid the traffic jam.so that we could realize our dreams earlierso that they didn’t miss the trainso that2.To take a bicycle, you had to put in a special card.(教材P37)
要骑自行车，你必须放入一张特别的卡。[句式解读] 句中to take a bicycle为不定式短语作目的状语。
[用法总结]
动词不定式作目的状语通常译为“为了……”，主要有以下三种结构形式：①They worked hard to get good marks in the final exams.
为了在期终考试中得到好分数，他们很用功。
②They took exercise every day to keep healthy.
他们为了保持健康每天运动。
③In order to learn spoken English well, he often talks with American friends.
为了学好口语他常常和美国朋友交谈。
④Lily saw many Chinese films so as to know more about China.
莉莉看了很多中国电影以便更多地了解中国。[巩固内化]单句语法填空/一句多译
①Mr.Zhang does what he can ____________ (help) us improve our English.
②我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。
We’ll hold a meeting ________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.
＝We’ll hold a meeting ________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.
＝We’ ll hold a meeting ________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.
＝___________________ the unhealthy lifestyle, we’ll hold a meeting.to helpto discussin order to discussso as to discussTo/In order to discuss名词用作动词一、在英文中，有许多“名词活用作动词”的现象。或者说，这些单词本身就有动词的意思，只是我们在学习这些单词的时候通常只接触了其名词的意思。举个最简单的例子“man”这个单词，我们都知道是人、男人的意思，但它也可以作动词，有操作、配置人员、使增强勇气、拿出男子气概等意思。
You need to man up and own up to your mistake.
你要像个男人一样承认自己的错误。二、熟练掌握这种名词和动词之间的转换具有非常重要的意义，对于我们英语水平的提高也至关重要。它的主要作用体现在：1．让语言更加简洁比如说表示“我坐公共汽车去上班”这个意思，你可以说“I take a bus to work”也可以说“I bus to work”。
当bus作动词时既包含了乘坐这个动作，又包含了所乘坐的交通工具，所以可以帮助省略不必要的take，让说话写作更加简洁明了。2．使语言更加生动比如corner这个单词，名词意思是角落、墙角，动词的意思则有转弯、垄断、使为难等等。
With this new technology, we are going to corner the market within the next two years.
有了这项新科技，我们将在未来两年垄断市场。
当corner这个单词作垄断意思解释的时候非常形象，想象一下一家公司把所有竞争者都逼到了墙角，这不就是垄断吗？
还有个单词entrance，名词解释是入口，但当它作动词时就变成了使着迷、欣喜若狂。想象一下某个事物可以进入你的心灵，让你为之心动。
Her beauty entrances him.她的美丽让他痴迷。所以如果能做到名词的动词活用，可以使英文的语句更加具有画面感。3．使语言更加地道比如我们要用英文表达“他著有两本畅销小说”。
你当然可以说“He has written two best－selling novels”，但这里的write让人感觉只是“写”，而没有“著”，所以会显得不够书面，不够地道。
如果用authored来取代written就可以准确地表达出句子。
英文单词中名词作动词的情形远远不止以上的例子。比如还有一组植物的名词，像花flower、杂草weed、植物plant、种子seed、根root等等都可以作动词使用，分别是成熟、除草、种植、播种、固定的意思。随着人类社会的不断前进，语言也不断地向前发展，旧词少用，新词产生，语言变得越来越生动、形象，富于表现力和丰富多彩。人们常常用转化法、合成法、派生法等来创造新词。
所谓转化法，就是词类转化，或叫词性转化，即利用某些词本身固有的特点，把原属于一类词性的词转化成另一种词类，即一种词类不经过任何词态变化而有意地作另一类词使用，同时又没有失去原有词内在的意思。[巩固内化]写出下列加黑单词的词义
①He intends to voyage across the Indian Ocean.____________
②She is outdoors gardening every afternoon.____________
③Stop mothering her, she is 30 years old and can take care of herself perfectly well.____________
④A dog was nosing at the dustbin.____________
⑤They stormed the speaker with questions.____________
⑥He was angry and mouthed all the food on the table.____________渡过做园艺溺爱嗅猛攻吃⑦John was chosen to head the research group to do the work.____________
⑧The child was eyeing the chocolate cake.____________
⑨Smoking can cause lung cancer.____________
⑩They were unwilling to back the plan.____________率领盯着看导致支持Section Ⅴ The rest parts of the unit(P40～48)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．I work in a company which sells footwear(鞋类)．
2．The rivers overflowed(溢出)their banks.
3．She shows a very positive attitude(态度)to her work.
4．What percentage(百分比)of the earth is covered by oceans?
5．Mandarin is the official(官方的)language of our country.
6．Keep what’s left in a covered container(contain) in the fridge.
7．The majority (major) of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
8．The study indicates (indicate) a connection between poverty and crime.
9．The meeting will be held annually(annual)．
10．Papermaking industry pollution is one of the pollutants(pollute) of water pollution.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．How can I persuade them to __take__part__in(参加)our activity?
2．We shall have to cut__back__on(削减)our spending.
3．To__sum__up(总之), team sports help students be successful in life .
4．The firemen __took__action(采取行动)immediately to stop the forest fire spreading.
5．You have to pay__attention__to(注意)the above question.
6．As__a__result (结果), the bad thing has been turned into a good one.
7．We should make__the__best__of(充分利用)our time to study.
8．Honesty and hard work __contribute__to(有助于)success and happiness.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．To sum up，it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
总而言之，似乎几乎所有参与的人都明白帮助保护环境的必要性。
[仿写] 但是现在似乎我也成了一个这样的人。
But now it__seems__that I have become one of them.
2．Even though the nation produces around four and a half million tonnes of household waste each year, less than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills.
尽管瑞典每年产生约450万吨家庭垃圾，但只有不到1%的垃圾最终进入了垃圾填埋场。
[仿写] 虽然我们已经尽了最大的力量，但还是输了。
Even__though__we__all__tried__our__best,__we lost the game.
记单词
Ⅰ.词缀助记派生词
1．名词后缀：－age, －er, －ity
①percent (adj.)→percentage
②contain (v.) →container
③major (adj.)→majority
④secure (adj.)→security
⑤pollute (v.)→pollutant
2．形容词后缀：－ial, －able
①office (n.)→official
②benefit (v.)→beneficial
③dispose (v.)→disposable
④suit (v.)→suitable
⑤value (v.)→valuable
3．副词后缀－ly
annual (adj.)→annually (adv.)
Ⅱ.合成词一族
①foot＋wear→footwear
②over＋flow→overflow
句型公式
1．It seems that...固定句型。
2．even though引导的让步状语从句。
1.attitude n．看法；态度
Last August, city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken.(教材P40)去年8月，市政府官员采访了大约500名居民来了解人们对保护环境的态度以及他们采取了什么行动。
[合作探究] 体会attitude的用法和意义
Attitude is everything.态度决定一切。
We should develop a good attitude to/towards life.
我们应该树立良好的生活态度。
She has/takes a very positive attitude to/towards her work.她工作态度非常积极。
[自主发现]
①attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法
②have/take a positive attitude to/towards 对……持肯定态度
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Do you know his__attitude__to/towards__the__question?
你知道他对这个问题的看法吗？
②People now have/take__a__more__positive__attitude__to/towards tourism, and regard it as a lifestyle.
人们现在对旅游持更加积极的态度，并将其视为一种生活方式。
2.majority n．大多数；多数；多数党；多数派 major n．& v．主修；专业
Also, the majority of residents had cycled or walked.(教材P40)
另外，大多数居民骑车或步行。
[合作探究] 体会majority的用法和意义
The majority of Chinese people have television.中国大多数人都有电视。
Boys are in the majority in their class.在他们班上，男孩占了大多数。
She majored in maths and physics at university.她在大学期间主修数学和物理。
[自主发现]
①the/a majority of... 大多数……
②in the/a majority 占大多数
③major in 主修……；以……为专业
[名师提醒]
the majority作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可；the/a majority of＋名词作主语时，谓语动词的数与该名词的数一致。
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①The majority thought it was a trend.
②Our country is a traditional agricultural society, with a majority of farming population.
③When he was in university, he majored in history.
④In the nursing profession, women are __in the majority.
3.take part (in)参加
More than half of those who took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month.(教材P40)
有超过一半参与调查的人完成了上个月80%的活动。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
take part参加
take an active part in 积极参加
play an important part in 扮演重要角色；起重要作用
①A reception was held the other day, but few people took part.
几天前举行了一次招待会，但是参加的人不多。
②He takes an active part in the social benefit activities.
他积极参加社会公益活动。
③Friends play an important part in our lives.
朋友在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①I hope that all of you can take__part__in the sports meeting for the honour of our class.我希望你们为了我们班的荣誉都能参加运动会。
②When I watched the game, he encouraged me to__take__part．
当我观看比赛时，他鼓励我参加。
③If you want to keep healthy, you must take__an__active__part__in exercise.
如果你要保持身体健康，就必须积极参加体育活动。
④Vocabulary plays__an__important__part__in language learning.
词汇量在语言学习中起很大作用。
4.cut back on削减，缩减
...and more than two thirds (70%) had tried to cut back on the use of disposable packaging...(教材P40)
……并且超过三分之二(70%)的调查者已经尝试缩减使用一次性包装。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
cut down 砍倒；削减；压缩
cut in 插嘴
cut up 切碎；使痛心
cut off 切断；中断(通话，联系)；停止(水、电、气)供应
cut out 切掉；删掉
①He tried to cut down on smoking but failed.他试图少抽烟，但没成功。
②Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。
③With the main highway cut off, there’s no connection to the rest of the country.随着主要公路被切断，那里跟这个国家的其他城市没有任何的联系。
④I suggest that you cut out the unimportant details.
我建议你删除这些不重要的细节。,[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①How can you cut __down the risk of the cancer?
②I was cut off__on my line to London.
③I listened to the programme and found they’d cut__out all the interesting part.
④Recently, he always cut __in when the teacher talked.
⑤The food prices are going up, so we will cut back on the use of some expensive vegetables.
5.Even though the nation produces around four and a half million tonnes of household waste each year, less than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills.(教材P43)
尽管瑞典每年产生约450万吨家庭垃圾，但只有不到1%的垃圾最终进入了垃圾填埋场。
[句式解读] 句中even though意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
[用法总结]
(1)even though“即使；尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，相当于even if，如果主句使用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时来代替将来时，并且可用省略形式。
①Nowadays, even though/if the travel company offers good service, tourists are more interested in self－driving tours.
现在，虽然旅游公司提供优质服务，但是游客们对自驾游更感兴趣。
②Even if/though he knows it, he’ll not let out the secret.
即使他知道这个秘密，他也不会泄露的。
(2)as if/though用于引导方式状语从句或表语从句，意为“仿佛；好像”。当从句表达的意义与客观事实相符时，从句使用陈述语气；当从句表达的意义与客观事实不符时，则从句使用虚拟语气。
③It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨了。
④He acts as if/as though he were an expert.他表现得就像个专家。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①It__seems__as__if/though he knows everything.
他似乎什么都知道。
②Mr.Smith likes to help us even__though/if__he is very busy.
即使史密斯先生很忙，他也喜欢帮助我们。
③Mothers always love their children even__if/though they make mistakes sometimes.
尽管孩子们有时犯错，妈妈总是爱着他们。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The residents(居民)of the town are proud of its new library.
2．All you have to do is change your __attitude(态度)．
3．The new packaging(包装)is all about replacement.
4．What are they going to do with these plastic(塑料制的)bottles?
5．He felt it rather difficult to be against the opinion of the __majority(大多数)．
6．A survey of retired people has indicated(表明)that most are independent and enjoying life.
7．If there is no air__conditioning(空调系统), how cold people and how hot?
8．You should drink some hot tea with honey(蜂蜜)．
9．The flooding(洪水泛滥), caused by three days of heavy rain, is the worst in sixty－five years.
10．The rubbish in modern landfills(废弃物填埋场)does not rot.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．We try to keep her happy and provide__her__with__whatever__she__wants．
我们尽力保持她快乐，并且提供她想要的一切。
2．Even__if/Even__though__I__have__to__walk all the way, I’ll go there.
即使我得一路走着去，我也要走到那里。
3．John took__part__in__the__games,__but the rest of us just looked on.
约翰参加了比赛，而我们只在一边旁观。
4．Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut__back__on__her__daily__expense．
在失去稳定的收入之后，南希不得不削减日常开支。
5．It__seems__that you ignore the fact that education should not end with graduation.
你似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
6．To__sum__up,__parents should prevent their children from spending too much time in watching TV.
总之，父母应该防止他们的孩子花太多的时间看电视。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Four animals—a wildcat, a mongoose, a mouse and an owl—had made their home in a huge tree.
The mouse and the mongoose lived at the foot of the tree in two different holes.The cat lived in a large hole halfway up the tree and the owl lived in the branches.
The cat feared none of its neighbours and moved about, afraid of nothing.The owl and the mongoose were afraid of the cat and kept a safe distance from it.The mouse was extremely afraid of all three neighbours.
One day the cat was caught in a trap laid by a hunter.Its three neighbours watched with joy as it tried extremely hard to get out of the net in which it had been trapped.They knew it was a hopeless task.Soon the hunter would come and they would never see their enemy forever.The mouse’s joy, however, was short－lived because even as it watched the cat, it found that the mongoose was moving towards it.Looking up, it saw that the owl too was getting ready to move down.The mouse understood that it was in great danger and that the only one who could save it was its enemy, the cat.
It jumped onto the net in which the cat was caught and began biting at it.Within a short time it had made a hole big enough for the cat to come out.Seeing the cat come out, the owl and the mongoose escaped.
The mouse ran away too.It knew it could not expect any thanks from the cat, but in saving it, it had saved its own life.
【语篇解读】 野猫吃猫头鹰和獴，三者都吃老鼠。野猫是猫头鹰和獴的敌人，反而成了老鼠的“朋友”，保全了老鼠的命。
1．The mouse lived in extreme fear every day because ________．
A．it lived at the foot of the tree
B．hunters set traps everywhere
C．all its three neighbours might eat it at any time
D．its food might be taken away by its neighbours
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句、第四段中獴和猫头鹰对老鼠的虎视眈眈以及最后一段中老鼠将野猫放出来后自己也逃离了可知，这三个邻居都对老鼠有生命威胁，因此它每天都生活在极度恐慌之中。]
2．Which of the four neighbours had the most power over the other three?
A．The wildcat. B．The mouse.
C．The mongoose. D．The owl.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第三段可知，野猫无所畏惧，四处乱逛；猫头鹰和獴害怕野猫；老鼠害怕前三者。由此可知，在这四个邻居中，野猫最强势。]
3．The mouse bit at the net to save the cat because ________．
A．they were good friends
B．they both hated the hunters
C．the mouse was too kind to see the cat die
D．the other two neighbours were to attack it
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第四段最后三句可知，野猫被困住之后，獴和猫头鹰没有了天敌的威胁，于是准备攻击老鼠。老鼠意识到如果没有了野猫，自己面临的威胁更大，所以才救了野猫。]
4．From the passage we can learn that the mouse is ________．
A．kind B．brave
C．clever D．stupid
答案 C [推理判断题。老鼠救了猫来保全自己，但也不寄希望于猫会感谢自己，也逃跑了。由此可推知，老鼠是聪明的。]
Ⅳ.完形填空
Six－year－old Mia Rabii is from California.She didn’t expect to become a(n) __1__ when she went for a walk with her mom recently.But when some strangers called out for __2__， Mia and her mom ran to their side.
It turned out that some ducklings (小鸭子) had gotten stuck and the people who found them were unable to __3__ them.But luckily for the ducklings, Mia had just what it took to bring them to __4__ .Now the six－year－old’s __5__ act is being talked about around the world.
It all __6__ when a family found a mother duck __7__ with only one duckling.The father duck was nearby, but __8__， there were no other ducklings following them.__9__ the family knew that ducks often travel in flocks (群), they realized that something was probably __10__ .
Then suddenly, there were strange __11__ coming from a drainage pipe (排水管)．They were the cries of ducklings.It turned out that the other ducklings had __12__ into the pipe and gotten stuck.Unluckily, no one in the family had slim (纤细的) enough __13__ to reach down and pull out the ducklings—but __14__， there was a hero nearby.
The family __15__ Mia and her mom, who immediately rushed to them.The family filled Mia and her mom in on what had __16__， and Mia decided to take action __17__ and try to bring the ducklings to safety.
Mia put her arm down into the darkness and carefully __18__ the first duckling.Mia then rushed back to save the __19__ duckling.And the next ...until she had brought all eight ducklings to safety.
After Mia saved the little creatures from __20__， the overjoyed mother duck went off with her beloved ducklings.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。Mia在一次和妈妈散步的路上，挽救了一些被困在排水管道里的小鸭子，成为了小英雄。
1．A.actor B．interviewer
C．hero D．doctor
答案 C [由下一段中的“act is being talked about around the world”和第四段中的“there was a hero nearby”可知，Mia帮助小鸭子脱离困境的行为使她成为一名“英雄(hero)”。]
2．A.advice B．help
C．treatment D．encouragement
答案 B [由第四段中的“Unluckily, no one in the family had slim (纤细的) enough ...to reach down and pull out the ducklings ...there was a hero nearby.”和Mia帮助小鸭子的行为可知，一些陌生人向Mia和她妈妈寻求“帮助(help)”。]
3．A.lose B．feed
C．protect D．save
答案 D [由上文有一家人向Mia和她妈妈寻求帮助可知，他们虽然发现了受困的小鸭子，但是无法“施救(save)”。]
4．A.safety B．health
C．joy D．strength
答案 A [由转折连词But以及下文可知，Mia胳膊足够细能够伸进排水管，因此帮助小鸭子摆脱了困境，使它们的处境“安全(safety)”。]
5．A.smart B．creative
C．kind D．fair
答案 C [Mia帮助小鸭子摆脱困境是“善(kind)”举。]
6．A.succeeded B．failed
C．stopped D．started
答案 D [由本句中的“when a family found”可知，本句叙述的是这件事情是怎么“开始(started)”的。]
7．A.working B．walking
C．waiting D．playing
答案 B [由下文中的“following them”可知，鸭妈妈只带着一只小鸭子在“走(walking)”。]
8．A.strangely B．suddenly
C．usually D．undoubtedly
答案 A [由下文中的“there were no other ducklings following them”和“in flocks”可知，鸭妈妈只带着一只小鸭子的情形非常“奇怪(strangely)”。]
9．A.Though B．If
C．Before D．Because
答案 D [“因为(Because)”这家人知道鸭子都是成群出行的，因此断定可能是哪里出了“问题(wrong)”。]
10．A.wrong B．different
C．common D．familiar
答案 A [参见上题解析。]
11．A.warnings B．feelings
C．sounds D．smells
答案 C [由下文中的“the cries of ducklings”可知，此处指从排水管传来奇怪的“声音(sounds)”。]
12．A.broken B．fallen
C．looked D．flown
答案 B [由上文中的“some ducklings had gotten stuck”以及下文中的“bring the ducklings to safety”和“the overjoyed mother duck”可知，这些小鸭子是意外“掉(fallen)”入排水管的。]
13．A.ropes B．arms
C．sticks D．fingers
答案 B [由下文中的“Mia put her arm down”可知，那家人向Mia和她妈妈求助是因为他们家没有人的“胳膊(arms)”足够细，能够伸到排水管中。]
14．A.surprisingly B．clearly
C．naturally D．luckily
答案 D [在大家束手无策的时候，Mia正好出现在附近，因此很“幸运(luckily)”。]
15．A.nodded to B．listened to
C．laughed at D．shouted at
答案 D [由上文中的“But when some strangers called out”可知，那家人向Mia和她妈妈“呼喊(shouted at)”。]
16．A.happened B．changed
C．remained D．finished
答案 A [由下文中的“Mia decided to take action”可知，在施救之前，那家人先讲述了“发生(happened)”的事情。]
17．A.patiently B．secretly
C．immediately D．finally
答案 C [由文中出现的hero和Mia对小鸭子的营救可知，Mia“立刻(immediately)”决定对小鸭子施救。]
18．A.guided B．examined
C．covered D．lifted
答案 D [由下文中的“Mia then rushed back to save”可知，她“托起(lifted)”第一只小鸭子]。
19．A.same B．other
C．next D．last
答案 C [由上文中的“the first”和下文中的“And the next”可知，Mia在救起第一只小鸭子之后，转身开始救“下一只(next)”。]
20．A.fear B．doubt
C．danger D．anger
答案 C [由上文中的“brought all eight ducklings to safety”可知，Mia帮小鸭子摆脱了“危险(danger)”。]
课件24张PPT。Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．I work in a company which sells ____________(鞋类)．
2．The rivers ____________(溢出)their banks.
3．She shows a very positive ____________(态度)to her work.
4．What ____________(百分比)of the earth is covered by oceans?
5．Mandarin is the ____________(官方的)language of our country.
6．Keep what’s left in a covered ____________(contain) in the fridge.Section Ⅴ The rest parts of the unit(P40～48)footwearoverflowedattitudepercentageofficialcontainer7．The ____________ (major) of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
8．The study ____________ (indicate) a connection between poverty and crime.
9．The meeting will be held ____________(annual)．
10．Papermaking industry pollution is one of the ____________ (pollute) of water pollution.majorityindicatesannuallypollutantsⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．How can I persuade them to ________________(参加)our activity?
2．We shall have to ________________(削减)our spending.
3．________________(总之), team sports help students be successful in life .
4．The firemen ________________(采取行动)immediately to stop the forest fire spreading.
5．You have to ________________(注意)the above question.6．________________ (结果), the bad thing has been turned into a good one.
7．We should ________________(充分利用)our time to study.
8．Honesty and hard work ________________(有助于)success and happiness.take part incut back onTo sum uptook actionpay attention toAs a resultmake the best ofcontribute toⅢ.句式语境仿写1．To sum up，it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.总而言之，似乎几乎所有参与的人都明白帮助保护环境的必要性。
[仿写] 但是现在似乎我也成了一个这样的人。
But now _________________ I have become one of them.it seems that2．Even though the nation produces around four and a half million tonnes of household waste each year, less than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills.尽管瑞典每年产生约450万吨家庭垃圾，但只有不到1%的垃圾最终进入了垃圾填埋场。
[仿写] 虽然我们已经尽了最大的力量，但还是输了。
__________________________________, we lost the game.Even though we all tried our bestⅠ.词缀助记派生词1．名词后缀：-age, -er, -ity记单词①percent (adj.)→percentage
②contain (v.) →container
③major (adj.)→majority
④secure (adj.)→security
⑤pollute (v.)→pollutant2．形容词后缀：-ial, -able①office (n.)→official
②benefit (v.)→beneficial
③dispose (v.)→disposable
④suit (v.)→suitable
⑤value (v.)→valuable3．副词后缀-lyannual (adj.)→annually (adv.)Ⅱ.合成词一族①foot＋wear→footwear
②over＋flow→overflow句型公式1．It seems that...固定句型。
2．even though引导的让步状语从句。1.attitude n．看法；态度Last August, city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken.(教材P40)
去年8月，市政府官员采访了大约500名居民来了解人们对保护环境的态度以及他们采取了什么行动。[合作探究] 体会attitude的用法和意义Attitude is everything.态度决定一切。
We should develop a good attitude to/towards life.
我们应该树立良好的生活态度。
She has/takes a very positive attitude to/towards her work.
她工作态度非常积极。[自主发现]①attitude ____________/towards... 对……的态度/看法
②have/take a ____________ attitude to/towards 对……持肯定态度topositive[巩固内化] 完成句子①Do you know ________________________________?
你知道他对这个问题的看法吗？
②People now _______________________________________ tourism, and regard it as a lifestyle.
人们现在对旅游持更加积极的态度，并将其视为一种生活方式。his attitude to/towards the questionhave/take a more positive attitude to/towards2.majority n．大多数；多数；多数党；多数派 major n．& v．主修；专业Also, the majority of residents had cycled or walked.(教材P40)
另外，大多数居民骑车或步行。[合作探究] 体会majority的用法和意义The majority of Chinese people have television.
中国大多数人都有电视。
Boys are in the majority in their class.
在他们班上，男孩占了大多数。
She majored in maths and physics at university.
她在大学期间主修数学和物理。[自主发现]①the/a majority ____________... 大多数……
②____________ the/a majority 占大多数
③major ____________ 主修……；以……为专业[名师提醒]the majority作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可；the/a majority of＋名词作主语时，谓语动词的数与该名词的数一致。ofinin[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①____________ majority thought it was a trend.
②Our country is a traditional agricultural society, with ____________ majority of farming population.
③When he was in university, he majored ____________ history.
④In the nursing profession, women are ____________ the majority.Theainin3.take part (in)参加More than half of those who took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month.(教材P40)
有超过一半参与调查的人完成了上个月80%的活动。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语take part参加
take an active part in 积极参加
play an important part in 扮演重要角色；起重要作用①A reception was held the other day, but few people took part.
几天前举行了一次招待会，但是参加的人不多。
②He takes an active part in the social benefit activities.
他积极参加社会公益活动。
③Friends play an important part in our lives.
朋友在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。[巩固内化] 完成句子①I hope that all of you can ________________ the sports meeting for the honour of our class.
我希望你们为了我们班的荣誉都能参加运动会。
②When I watched the game, he encouraged me ________________．
当我观看比赛时，他鼓励我参加。
③If you want to keep healthy, you must ________________________________ exercise.
如果你要保持身体健康，就必须积极参加体育活动。
④Vocabulary ____________________________ language learning.
词汇量在语言学习中起很大作用。take part into take parttake an active part inplays an important part in4.cut back on削减，缩减...and more than two thirds (70%) had tried to cut back on the use of disposable packaging...(教材P40)
……并且超过三分之二(70%)的调查者已经尝试缩减使用一次性包装。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语cut down砍倒；削减；压缩
cut in 插嘴
cut up 切碎；使痛心
cut off 切断；中断(通话，联系)；停止(水、电、气)供应
cut out 切掉；删掉①He tried to cut down on smoking but failed.
他试图少抽烟，但没成功。
②Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。
③With the main highway cut off, there’s no connection to the rest of the country.
随着主要公路被切断，那里跟这个国家的其他城市没有任何的联系。
④I suggest that you cut out the unimportant details.
我建议你删除这些不重要的细节。[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①How can you cut ____________ the risk of the cancer?
②I was cut ____________ on my line to London.
③I listened to the programme and found they’d ____________ all the interesting part.
④Recently, he always cut ____________ when the teacher talked.
⑤The food prices are going up, so we will cut back ____________ the use of some expensive vegetables.downoffcut outinon5.Even though the nation produces around four and a half million tonnes of household waste尽管瑞典每年产生约450万吨家庭垃圾，但只有不到1%的垃圾最终进入了垃圾填埋场。each year, less than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills.(教材P43)[句式解读] 句中even though意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
[用法总结]
(1)even though“即使；尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，相当于even if，如果主句使用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时来代替将来时，并且可用省略形式。①Nowadays, even though/if the travel company offers good service, tourists are more interested in self-driving tours.
现在，虽然旅游公司提供优质服务，但是游客们对自驾游更感兴趣。
②Even if/though he knows it, he’ll not let out the secret.
即使他知道这个秘密，他也不会泄露的。
(2)as if/though用于引导方式状语从句或表语从句，意为“仿佛；好像”。当从句表达的意义与客观事实相符时，从句使用陈述语气；当从句表达的意义与客观事实不符时，则从句使用虚拟语气。③It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨了。
④He acts as if/as though he were an expert.他表现得就像个专家。[巩固内化] 完成句子①_______________________ he knows everything.
他似乎什么都知道。
②Mr.Smith likes to help us _________________he is very busy.
即使史密斯先生很忙，他也喜欢帮助我们。
③Mothers always love their children ________________ they make mistakes sometimes.
尽管孩子们有时犯错，妈妈总是爱着他们。It seems as if/thougheven though/ifeven if/thoughSection Ⅵ Writing——调查报告
本单元的写作项目属于新课标中应用文体类别中的调查报告。调查报告属于应用文，一般是用简洁、生动的语言把图中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来，还需要分析调查结果，揭示其规律，找出解决问题的对策。调查报告主要包括介绍、主要发现、结论。
Ⅰ.Pre－writing
(Ⅰ)Learn to write after the model
Action Taken by City Residents to Help Protect the Environment
Last August, city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken.Here are the results：
As the diagram shows, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as high as 96%.Very few (4%) felt it was not necessary.More than half of those who took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month.Around 90% have tried to recycle waste such as glass, metal and paper; and more than two thirds (70%) have tried to cut back on the use of disposable packaging, such as plastic honey bottles, and butter and yoghurt containers.Also, the majority of residents had cycled or walked.
Unfortunately, not as many who took part have taken action to save water and energy in their homes.Just under 40% (38%) tried to save water when they were washing dishes or taking showers.Just over half (51%) tried to save energy by reducing the use of air conditioning or turning off lights.
To sum up, it seems that almost all who took part understand the need to help take care of the environment.Most of them try to recycle waste, ride bikes and walk, and reduce the use of disposable packaging.However, not as many are saving water and energy.This indicates that the residents need to pay more attention to these two activities.
(Ⅱ)Preparation for writing—Words and phrases
①survey n．调查
②interview n．& v. 采访
③attitude n. 态度
④result n. 结果
⑤show v. 显示；说明
⑥percentage n. 百分比
⑦necessary adj. 必要的；必需的
⑧activity n. 活动
⑨reduce v. 减少
⑩however adv. 然而
?find__out 找出，查明
?more__than 多于；超出
?such__as 比如
?take__action 采取行动
?to__sum__up 总之
?pay__attention__to 注意
Ⅱ.While－writing
日前，针对学生的零用钱(pocket money)的消费方向，你对你们市某中学的高中和初中的部分学生进行了问卷调查，得出数据如下表。现请你用英文写一篇调查报告，并发表自己的看法，同时呼吁中学生树立正确的消费观。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Step 1 List the outline of the passage.
1．首段：介绍(介绍调查时间、对象、问题)
2．中段：说明主要的发现
3．尾段：结论(发表自己的观点)
Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences.
1．Words and phrases
①snacks n．零食； 快餐
②prefer v. 更喜欢；宁愿
③waste vt. 浪费
④precious adj. 宝贵的
⑤hard－earned adj. 来之不易的
⑥spend__money__on 在……上花钱
⑦on__the__other__hand 另一方面
⑧put__on__weight 体重增加
⑨do__harm__to 对……有害
⑩result__in 导致
2．Sentences
①吃太多零食不仅使我们发胖而且危害健康。( not only...but also...结构 )
Eating__too__many__snacks__will__not__only__make__us__put__on__weight__but__also__do__harm__to__our__health.
②如果我们无限制地打游戏，我们就会失去许多珍贵的时间，这会导致成绩下降。(条件状语从句；which引导的非限制性定语从句)
If__we__play__games__without__limit,__we’ll__lose__much__precious__time,__which__results__in__low__grades.
Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words.
still, on the other hand, while, in my opinion, in addition, furthermore
Recently a survey has been done to find out how middle school students spend their pocket money.The results are as follows：
As the diagram shows, both junior students and senior students spend most of their money on books, snacks and playing games, and still some money goes to clothes, banks, sports, and so on.The survey shows that about 46% of seniors prefer books to snacks (37%)and playing games (31%)．On the other hand, only 32% of juniors will spend their pocket money buying books, while over a half buy snacks and 46% spend on playing games.Both seniors and juniors would not waste too much money in clothes or put it in banks.
In my opinion, eating too many snacks will not only make us put on weight but also do harm to our health.In addition, if we play games without limit, we’ ll lose much precious time, which results in low grades.Furthermore, the money is hard－earned.I hope we students value our money as well as our time.
Ⅲ.Post－writing—polishing the passage
Exchange your passage with your partner, and pay attention to the following points.
□1.Is the format of the survey report appropriate?
□2.Are there any spelling mistakes?
□3.Are there any grammatical mistakes like the tenses(时态)?
□4.Does the survey report include all the main contents?
□5.Is written English correctly used？,
篇章结构
亮点表达
?精彩开头语
1．Last week, we did a survey among 2，600 students on “who is your idol”．
上周，我们以谁是你的偶像为题，在2 600名学生中进行了一次调查。
2．I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about their purpose of getting on the Internet.
最近我对我班的60名同学进行了调查，看他们上网做什么。
3．Last week, we did/conducted/ carried out a survey among all the students in our school on the time they spent in sleeping every day.
上周，我们就每天的睡眠时间对全校学生进行了调查。
4．Recently, a survey has been done to find out how middle school students spend their pocket money.
日前，针对中学生零用钱的消费方向，对某中学学生进行了问卷调查。
5．Last week we did a survey among 1，000 middle school students on “What Do You Do on Weekends？”．
上周我们对1 000名中学生做了一项关于周末做什么的调查。
6．Last week, a survey was carried out among the students in our school on “Your Safety”．
上周，在我们学校的学生中进行了一项关于你的安全的调查。
?精华结尾语
1．As for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol, because his inventions have greatly changed our life.
至于我自己，托马斯·爱迪生是我的偶像，因为他的发明大大地改变了我们的生活。
2．As far as I am concerned, effective measures should be instantly taken to help students to spare time for sleeping.
在我看来，应该立即采取有效措施来帮助学生获得休息时间。
3．In my opinion, we should take action to help students to make good use of study time.
在我看来，我们应当采取措施帮助学生好好利用学习时间。
4．As far as I am concerned, effective measures should be instantly taken to ensure our safety so that we can grow up healthily and securely.
在我看来，应该立即采取有效的措施来确保我们的安全，这样我们才能健康安全地成长。
写作技巧
1．注意时态和文体
调查报告的时态应以一般现在时为主，兼具说明文和议论文的特征。
2．写作内容
调查报告通常会以表格或文字等方式给予提示，相对来说，提示内容比较具体，但总结或陈述观点的部分需要自己整理思路来完成，这是开放的部分，也是展示自己写作水平和材料组织能力的部分。
3．注意语言
用图表或表格的方式给予提示的书面表达，要点较多，容易头绪混乱。因此，在表达时，要注意适当整合所给信息，并采用简要的语言灵活表达，切忌按所给提示一一罗列，从而导致篇幅过长、语言冗杂等问题。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．According to the __official(官方的)figures, over one thousand people died during the revolution.
2．Do you like butter(黄油)in sandwiches?
3．The majority(大多数)of my patients come to me from out of town.
4．He has __indicated(表明)his position in this question.
5．Do you know how much you spend on clothes and groceries annually(每年)?
6．As long as you have determination(决心), you can do anything in this world.
7．We need food and water for survival(生存) .
8．The shortage of water has become a global(全球的)problem.
9．They are in danger of extinction(灭绝)．So we have to save them.
10．The medicines you are now taking could be affecting your balance(平衡)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
do my part for sth, take action, come up with, take part in, all around the world, cut back on, to sum up, make the best of, make sb’s dream come true, not be bothered to do sth
1．He could not__be__bothered__to listen to my request.
2．I’m glad to do__my__part__for the public order.
3．We should make__the__best__of this valuable opportunity.
4．To__sum__up,__we must try our best to do the job.
5．I will try my best to work hard at my lessons to make__my__dream__come__true．
6．We took__action__ at once when we heard the news.
7．Every student in the class __took__part__in the performance.
8．I hope you can come__up__with a better plan than that.
9．Not all companies have had to cut__back__on training.
10．The cartoons are still shown on TV all__around__the__world．
Ⅲ.语法练习——完成句子
1．The young man waving__to__me is a friend of mine.
正向我挥手的那个年轻人是我的朋友。
2．Everyone was__surprised__by his surprising__progress which he made during the two months.
每个人都对他在这两个月里所取得的惊人进步感到惊讶。
3．The teacher must be__satisfied__with our performance in the experiment, which can be seen from the__satisfied__expression on his face.
老师一定对我们在实验中的表现很满意，这从他脸上满意的表情可以看出。
4．As is known to us all, traveling is interesting,__but we often feel__tired__when we are back from travels.
众所周知，旅行是有趣的，但当我们旅行回来时经常感到疲惫。
5．The play __performed__last__night was written by Shakespeare.
昨晚上演的那出戏是莎士比亚写的。
6．Having__finished__his__homework,__he went to bed.
完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。
7．The outside sight looks beautiful with everything__covered__with__snow．
所有的东西都被雪覆盖着，外面的景色看起来很漂亮。
8．Written__in__a__hurry,__this article was not so good.
这篇文章写得匆忙，不是很好。
9．Walking__in__the__street,__I met an old friend of mine.
我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。
10．He travelled__from__one__place__to__another．(travel)
他从一个地方到另一个地方旅行。
11．Do you know who painted__this__picture？(paint)
你知道是谁画的这幅画吗？
12．In his diary he recorded__everything__he did.(record)
他在日记里记录了他所做的一切事情。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Wildlife faces threats from habitat destruction，pollution and other human actions.Although protecting wildlife can seem difficult at times，even small actions in your own neighborhood can help protect many different animals.As the saying goes，“Think globally and act locally.”You can protect wildlife for future generations.
Create wildlife－friendly areas in your backyard.When choosing your lawn and landscaping，choose native plants that can provide food or living places for native wildlife.This will also help cut down on pollution.Add bird or bat houses to your yard or garden to attract these species and offer places to them to live in.
Avoid disrupting(扰乱) the natural ecosystem in your area.Non－native plants or animals can destroy habitats，particularly if there is no natural predator(捕食性动物) to keep the species in a certain amount.They can kill or disturb native plants that provide food and living places for wildlife.
Practice a greener lifestyle.By saving water and fossil fuels，you will be helping to protect the wildlife around you.Take public transportation when you can，turn off electric devices when you’re not using them，take shorter showers and keep your heat at or below 20 ℃ during the winter.Become knowledgeable about what can cause global warming，which disrupts migration patterns and habitats.
Buy products that are wildlife－friendly.Avoid products that are made from threatened or endangered animals.Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps，or hunters who are after other wildlife within the same habitat.
Talk to or write to policymakers about protecting wildlife.Write letters to a local newspaper.Discuss ways to help animals with friends and family members.
Limit the family size.Population growth is one of the major factors in habitat destruction.By living in established city limits and limiting the family size to around two children per family，the earth’s population will stabilize(稳定) and native habitats can be protected.
【语篇解读】 本文作者针对如何通过细小的行为在日常生活中保护野生动物，给出了一些建议。
1．What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．It is impossible to protect wildlife.
B．You can protect wildlife by taking small actions.
C．Protecting wildlife needs ideas rather than actions.
D．Humans are big threats to wildlife in fact.
答案 B [段落大意题。第一段主要讲述了虽然保护野生动植物有时看起来是困难的，但是实际上，我们完全可以采取一些小的行动来保护它们，所以B项符合该段大意。]
2．What should we do to protect wildlife?
A．Stop non－native plants and animals destroying the natural ecosystem.
B．Know more knowledge about wildlife.
C．Increase the number of the population in the world.
D．Write letters about animals to your friends.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They can kill or disturb native plants that provide food and living places for wildlife.”可知A项正确。]
3．Which of the following can be taken as a greener lifestyle?
A．Planting native trees in your backyard.
B．Keeping the water above 20 ℃ when you are bathing.
C．Taking a bus when you are going out.
D．Only eating vegetables.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第四段的首句和其中的“Take public transportation when you can...”可知，坐公共汽车出行是一种绿色的生活方式，所以C项正确。]
4．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Why global warming affects wildlife
B．Whether we are friendly to wildlife
C．What makes wildlife endangered
D．How we can protect wildlife
答案 D [标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了我们怎样在日常生活中采取一些小的行动来保护野生动植物，故D项适合作文章的标题。]
B
1970 was the World Conservation (自然保护) Year.The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world was in danger.They hoped that governments would go into action (行动) quickly in order to conserve nature.Here is one example of the problems.At one time there were 1，300 different plants，trees and flowers in Holland，but now only 860 remain.The others have been destroyed by modern men and their technology.We are changing the earth，the air and the water，and everything that grows and lives.We can’t live without these plants.If we continue like this，we will destroy ourselves.
What will happen in the future？Perhaps it is more important to ask “What must we do now？” The people who will be living in the world of tomorrow are the young of today.A lot of them know that conservation is necessary.Many are helping to save our world.They plant trees，build bridges across rivers in forests，and so on.In a small town in the United States a large group of girls cleaned the banks of 11 kilometres of their river.Young people may hear about conservation through a record called “No one’s going to change our world”．It was made by the Beatles，Cliff Richard and other singers.The money from it will help conserve wild animals.
【语篇解读】 人类的行为正在破坏环境，作者号召人们立刻行动起来保护环境。
5．If we continue to change the earth we live in，we shall ________ in the end.
A．destroy the air and water
B．destroy everything that grows and lives
C．destroy the outer space
D．destroy ourselves
答案 D [细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可以得出答案。]
6．What will happen in the future is decided by ________．
A．the young of today
B．the young of tomorrow
C．what we do today
D．how much we know about the earth
答案 C [推理判断题。由第二段第一、二句可以推知：我们今天所做的事情决定了这个世界将来会发生什么事情。]
7．“No one’s going to change our world” is ________．
A．a call given by the Beatles
B．the name of a popular record
C．the name of a popular book
D．the name of a radio station
答案 B [细节理解题。由第二段中的倒数第二、三句可以得出答案。]
8．Some of the world famous singers made a record to collect money for ________．
A．the United Nations
B．saving the living things
C．the conservation of nature
D．the poor people of the world
答案 C [推理判断题。由短文最后一句可知，一些歌手是为保护自然而筹资。]
Ⅴ.七选五
Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier.We live in a global (全球的) village.__1__
Greetings
How should you behave when you meet someone for the first time? An American or Canadian shakes your hand while looking you straight in the eyes.__2__ In Japan, you should bow (鞠躬)．In Thailand, the greeting is made by pressing both hands together at the chest and bowing your head a bit.
Clothes
__3__ In some Asian countries, you shouldn’t reveal (显露) the body, especially women.In Japan, you should take off your shoes when entering a house or a restaurant.Remember to place them together facing the door you came in.This is also true in South Korea, Thailand, and Iran.
Food and drink
In Italy, Spain and Latin America, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours.__4__ In Britain, you might have a business lunch and do business as you eat.In Mexico and Japan, lunch is a time to relax and socialize.And the Japanese rarely drink alcohol (酒) at lunchtime.
Doing business
__5__ You should include your company name and your position.In Japan, you must present your card with both hands, with the writing facing the person you are giving it to.
A．In many parts of Asia, there is no physical touch at all.
B．Sometimes, social events end with singing and dancing.
C．But this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.
D．For this reason many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner.
E．Many countries have rules about what you should and shouldn’t wear.
F．In many countries, business hours are from 9 or 10 to 5 or 6.
G．In most countries, showing business cards is important for all introductions.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。现在，出国旅行变得越来越容易，因而了解各国不同的风俗习惯也变得非常重要。
1．C [C项中“doesn’t ...same way”和上文中的“global village”语意相反，用But连接符合上下文逻辑；且由下文四部分可知，各国的风俗习惯不同。]
2．A [A项中的“parts of Asia”呼应下文中的“Japan”和“Thailand”；且本项中的“no physical touch”和上文中的“shakes your hand”构成对比，并引出下文。]
3．E [E项中的wear和本部分小标题“Clothes”以及下文中的“reveal the body”和“take off your shoes”相呼应。]
4．D [上文中的“lunch is often the biggest meal of the day”是D项“many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner”的原因，用For this reason连接承接上文。]
5．G [G项中的“business cards”呼应本部分的小标题“Doing business”以及下文中的“your card”。]
课件20张PPT。本单元的写作项目属于新课标中应用文体类别中的调查报告。调查报告属于应用文，一般是用简洁、生动的语言把图中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来，还需要分析调查结果，揭示其规律，找出解决问题的对策。调查报告主要包括介绍、主要发现、结论。Section Ⅵ Writing——调查报告Ⅰ.Pre-writing
(Ⅰ)Learn to write after the model
Action Taken by City Residents to Help Protect the Environment
Last August, city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken.Here are the results：
As the diagram shows, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as high as 96%.Very few (4%) felt it was not necessary.More than half of those who took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month.Around 90% have tried to recycle waste such as glass, metal and paper; and more than two thirds (70%) have tried to cut back on the use of disposable packaging, such as plastic honey bottles, and butter and yoghurt containers.Also, the majority of residents had cycled or walked.Unfortunately, not as many who took part have taken action to save water and energy in their homes.Just under 40% (38%) tried to save water when they were washing dishes or taking showers.Just over half (51%) tried to save energy by reducing the use of air conditioning or turning off lights.
To sum up, it seems that almost all who took part understand the need to help take care of the environment.Most of them try to recycle waste, ride bikes and walk, and reduce the use of disposable packaging.However, not as many are saving water and energy.This indicates that the residents need to pay more attention to these two activities.(Ⅱ)Preparation for writing—Words and phrases①________________ n．调查
②________________ n．& v. 采访
③________________ n. 态度
④________________ n. 结果
⑤________________ v. 显示；说明
⑥________________ n. 百分比
⑦________________ adj. 必要的；必需的surveyinterviewattituderesultshow percentagenecessary⑧________________ n. 活动
⑨________________ v. 减少
⑩________________ adv. 然而
?________________ 找出，查明
?________________ 多于；超出
?________________ 比如
?________________ 采取行动
?________________ 总之
?________________ 注意activityreducehoweverfind outmore thansuch astake actionto sum uppay attention toⅡ.While-writing日前，针对学生的零用钱(pocket money)的消费方向，你对你们市某中学的高中和初中的部分学生进行了问卷调查，得出数据如下表。现请你用英文写一篇调查报告，并发表自己的看法，同时呼吁中学生树立正确的消费观。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Step 1 List the outline of the passage.1．首段：________________________________
2．中段：________________________________
3．尾段：________________________________介绍(介绍调查时间、对象、问题)说明主要的发现结论(发表自己的观点)Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences.1．Words and phrases①________________ n．零食； 快餐
②________________ v. 更喜欢；宁愿
③________________ vt. 浪费
④________________ adj. 宝贵的
⑤________________ adj. 来之不易的
⑥________________ 在……上花钱
⑦________________ 另一方面
⑧________________ 体重增加
⑨________________ 对……有害
⑩________________ 导致snackspreferwasteprecioushard-earnedspend money onon the other handput on weightdo harm toresult in2．Sentences①吃太多零食不仅使我们发胖而且危害健康。( not only...but also...结构 )
________________________________________________________________________
②如果我们无限制地打游戏，我们就会失去许多珍贵的时间，这会导致成绩下降。(条件状语从句；which引导的非限制性定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________Eating too many snacks will not only make us put on weight but also do harm to our health.If we play games without limit, we’ll lose much precious time, which results in low grades.Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words.Recently a survey has been done to find out how middle school students spend their pocket money.The results are as follows：
As the diagram shows, both junior students and senior students spend most of their money on books, snacks and playing games, and still some money goes to clothes, banks, sports, and so on.The survey shows that about 46% of seniors prefer books to snacks (37%)and playing games (31%)．On the other hand, only 32% of juniors will spend their pocket money buying books, while over a half buy snacks and 46% spend on playing games.Both seniors and juniors would not waste too much money in clothes or put it in banks.still, on the other hand, while, in my opinion, in addition, furthermoreIn my opinion, eating too many snacks will not only make us put on weight but also do harm to our health.In addition, if we play games without limit, we’ ll lose much precious time, which results in low grades.Furthermore, the money is hard－earned.I hope we students value our money as well as our time.Ⅲ.Post-writing—polishing the passageExchange your passage with your partner, and pay attention to the following points.
□1.Is the format of the survey report appropriate?
□2.Are there any spelling mistakes?
□3.Are there any grammatical mistakes like the tenses(时态)?
□4.Does the survey report include all the main contents?
□5.Is written English correctly used？篇章结构亮点表达?精彩开头语
1．Last week, we did a survey among 2，600 students on “who is your idol”．
上周，我们以谁是你的偶像为题，在2 600名学生中进行了一次调查。
2．I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about their purpose of getting on the Internet.
最近我对我班的60名同学进行了调查，看他们上网做什么。
3．Last week, we did/conducted/ carried out a survey among all the students in our school on the time they spent in sleeping every day.
上周，我们就每天的睡眠时间对全校学生进行了调查。4．Recently, a survey has been done to find out how middle school students spend their pocket money.
日前，针对中学生零用钱的消费方向，对某中学学生进行了问卷调查。
5．Last week we did a survey among 1，000 middle school students on “What Do You Do on Weekends？”．
上周我们对1 000名中学生做了一项关于周末做什么的调查。
6．Last week, a survey was carried out among the students in our school on “Your Safety”．
上周，在我们学校的学生中进行了一项关于你的安全的调查。?精华结尾语
1．As for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol, because his inventions have greatly changed our life.
至于我自己，托马斯·爱迪生是我的偶像，因为他的发明大大地改变了我们的生活。
2．As far as I am concerned, effective measures should be instantly taken to help students to spare time for sleeping.
在我看来，应该立即采取有效措施来帮助学生获得休息时间。
3．In my opinion, we should take action to help students to make good use of study time.
在我看来，我们应当采取措施帮助学生好好利用学习时间。 4．As far as I am concerned, effective measures should be instantly taken to ensure our safety so that we can grow up healthily and securely.在我看来，应该立即采取有效的措施来确保我们的安全，这样我们才能健康安全地成长。写作技巧1．注意时态和文体调查报告的时态应以一般现在时为主，兼具说明文和议论文的特征。2．写作内容调查报告通常会以表格或文字等方式给予提示，相对来说，提示内容比较具体，但总结或陈述观点的部分需要自己整理思路来完成，这是开放的部分，也是展示自己写作水平和材料组织能力的部分。3．注意语言用图表或表格的方式给予提示的书面表达，要点较多，容易头绪混乱。因此，在表达时，要注意适当整合所给信息，并采用简要的语言灵活表达，切忌按所给提示一一罗列，从而导致篇幅过长、语言冗杂等问题。单元综合测评
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How long did it take the man to finish his paper?
A．Less than 75 minutes.
B．Less than 100 minutes.
C．Less than 150 minutes.
2. How will the man go to Beijing?
A．By plane. B．By car.
C．By bus.
3. What does the man plan to do today?
A．Learn Chinese.
B．Teach his sister.
C．See an exhibition.
4. Where did the man grow up?
A．In Shanghai. B．In Beijing.
C．In Chengdu.
5. How is the weather now probably?
A．Fine. B．Cloudy.
C．Rainy.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which of the following does the man love best?
A．Noodles. B．Rice.
C．Spaghetti.
7. When did the man come to the US?
A．At the age of 4.
B．At the age of 10.
C．At the age of 14.
请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What can’t the man find?
A．T－shirts. B．Sunglasses.
C．Shorts.
9. What is the man probably doing now?
A．Packing his suitcase.
B．Cleaning his room.
C．Doing the shopping.
请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the speakers begin to prepare supper tonight?
A．At 5：30 pm. B．At 6：30 pm.
C．At 7：00 pm.
11．What dish will the speakers probably not cook tonight?
A．Eggplant with pepper.
B．Chicken with mushrooms.
C．Pork with cucumber.
12. What will the man do tonight?
A．Clean the vegetables.
B．Wash the dishes.
C．Cook.
请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does Susan want to do?
A．Go boating. B．Enjoy a picnic.
C．Take a walk.
14. Who thought the movie was great?
A．Tom. B．David.
C．Jim.
15. What day is it probably today?
A．Wednesday. B．Thursday.
C．Friday.
16. Why can’t the man take care of the kids this weekend?
A．He’ll see his friend.
B．He’ll look after Linda.
C．He’ll go to a meeting.
请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was the restaurant first opened?
A．Over 40 years ago.
B．Over 20 years ago.
C．Over 10 years ago.
18. Where is the restaurant located?
A．In the town center.
B．Near the town sports hall.
C．In the west part of the town.
19. How many seats are there in summer?
A．100. B．110.
C．210.
20. What was added to the restaurant in 2013?
A．Outdoor seating.
B．A fireplace.
C．A children’s play area.
听力原文
Text 1
W：How long did you have to write your paper?
M：We were given 150 minutes，but I finished in less than half the time.
Text 2
W：You’re going to Beijing tomorrow，aren’t you?
M：Yes，I thought I’d fly，but then I decided that taking a bus would be cheaper than driving or flying.
Text 3
W：There is a new exhibition of Egyptian art today.Want to come with me?
M：Sorry，but I’ve promised my sister I’ll help her with her Chinese today.
Text 4
W：Are you from Beijing，Mr.Lee?
M：No.I was born in Shanghai and grew up in Chengdu.
W：But Lisa said you were from Beijing.
M：Really？She must have misunderstood me.I told her I was going to Beijing.
Text 5
W：Look at the clouds.I’m afraid it’ll rain soon.
M：You could be right，but it’s not what the weather report said.
W：What did the weather report say?
M：It said it’d be fine all day today.
Text 6
W：Henry，what do you like eating best，noodles，rice or spaghetti?
M：You may not believe it，but I love rice.
W：Really？Rice is what Chinese love，but you’re not Chinese.
M：Well，I spent fourteen years in a southern city in China.I didn’t come to the US with my parents until I was fourteen years old.
Text 7
W：Have you finished packing yet，David?
M：I’ve got lots of T－shirts in the suitcase，Mum，but I can’t find my sunglasses anywhere.
W：I saw them in your bedroom when I was cleaning the house.What about shorts？I’m sure yours are all too small for you now.
M：You’re right.Let’s get some new ones when we go shopping tomorrow.
Text 8
W：Ted，it’s already 5：30 pm.What about cooking something?
M：I didn’t have lunch until 1：30 pm today，so I’m not hungry at all right now.Why don’t we cook something in about an hour and eat around 7：00 pm?
W：OK.So what shall we cook tonight?
M：What is left in the fridge?
W：Let me see.I think we still have some peas，two cucumbers，two eggplants，some peppers and some mushrooms.
M：What about meat?
W：We have some pork and chicken left.
M：OK.How about eggplant and pepper，chicken and mushrooms，and pork and cucumber?
W：Those all sound good，except for the pork with cucumber.I don’t really like that.Well，I’ll help clean the vegetables and wash the dishes，but it’s your turn to cook tonight.
M：OK.
Text 9
W：Frank，I’m thinking of taking a day off and doing something with the children the day after tomorrow.
M：Sounds good.What are you going to do?
W：Tom wants to go boating at the park and Susan wants to go on a picnic.So we’ll go to the park in the morning，go boating first and then enjoy a picnic.
M：What about in the afternoon?
W：I haven’t decided yet.
M：Well，why not take them to a movie？There’s a good movie on now about a boy’s adventure in a forest.My friend David took his son Jim to see it last night.He said Jim really loved it.
W：Then I’ll take them to see it Friday afternoon.By the way，I’ve got to go to a meeting this weekend.Could you look after the kids at home?
M：I have to go to a meeting，too.I’m afraid we’ll have to find a babysitter.
W：What about Linda？She helped look after the kids last month and she did a great job.
M：OK.
Text 10
Restaurant Arlen is a family restaurant with over 40 years of tradition.It was opened by my grandparents over 40 years ago.Twenty years later，my parents took over，and now my husband and I are running it.
We are located on the main road at the entrance of the town，near the town sports hall，in the midst of many beautiful trees，a perfect location for group，family and business lunches and dinners.We offer not only delicious food but also live music.Our restaurant has two rooms with 110 seats，as well as space for 100 seats outdoors in summer，where guests can hold dances.
In 2013，our restaurant was completely restored and had a fireplace put in，so during the winter months our restaurant is a place to warm both the body and the soul.In 2016，a children’s play area was added to the restaurant.
I would like to welcome you to come and try our food and enjoy our unique environment.I can guarantee that you won’t be disappointed.
答案 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.B 9．A 10.B 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.C 17．A 18.B 19.C 20.B
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Time for an adventure?
Are you a bit bored with your nine－to－five routine? Have a look at our exciting range of holidays and decide what type of adventure you’d like.
Activity holidays
Our activity holidays are for everyone, people who love danger or who just like sports.We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays.We’ll take you scuba diving in the Red Sea or kayaking and white water rafting in Canada.If you prefer snow, you can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps or even igloo building.For those who like warmer weather, we also have sandboarding (the desert version of skateboarding) or camel safaris.
Polar expeditions
Take an expedition to Antarctica or the northern Arctic; explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife.Our experts will explain everything about the two poles as you watch the penguins in Antarctica or whales and polar bears in the Arctic.There’s no greater adventure than travelling to the ends of the earth.A once－in－a－lifetime experience.
Cultural journeys
Our cultural journeys will help you discover ancient civilizations：India, Thailand, Egypt and many more.Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins—just remember to bring your camera! Get to know local ways of life by exploring markets, trying exotic foods and meeting local people.
Wildlife holidays
We organize small－group tours to get closer to nature in Africa, Asia or South America.Go on safari in Africa and watch lions and giraffes.Meet the famous turtles off the Galapagos Islands.Look for tigers in India, or take an elephant safari in Sri Lanka.We use local guides and stay in a range of accommodation, from tents to tree houses.
【语篇解读】 本文作者为读者推荐了几个不同的度假选择。如果你厌倦了朝九晚五的工作，想寻找有特色的度假方式的话，那就从中选择一个吧！
21．Which would you prefer if you are a sports lover?
A．Wildlife holidays. B．Cultural journeys.
C．Polar expeditions. D．Activity holidays.
答案 D [细节理解题。由Activity holidays部分的Our activity holidays are for everyone, people who love danger or who just like sports.可知，如果你是一个体育爱好者，你可能更喜欢Activity holidays。故选D项。]
22．What can a tourist do during a cultural holiday?
A．Appreciate ancient buildings.
B．Watch lovely animals.
C．Get closer to nature.
D．Have extreme sports.
答案 A [细节理解题。由Cultural journeys部分的Our cultural journeys will help...remember to bring your camera！可知，在cultural holiday中，游客可以欣赏古代建筑。故选A项。]
23．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To introduce ways of relaxation.
B．To recommend different holidays.
C．To share traveling experience.
D．To give advice on traveling.
答案 B [写作意图题。由Are you a bit bored with...you’d like.可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐不同的度假方式。故选B项。]
B
After the heavy rain passes, a man at a company that lies on the riverbank arrives for work.At the water’s edge, he notices a baby beaver (海狸) balls up on the ground.Realizing that the animal needs help, the man picks him up and drives to a nearby animal hospital.From here the beaver is sent to the Calgary Wildlife Rehabilitation Society(CWRS), where he will begin his recovery.
Vets check the beaver—now named Birch—for wounds or broken bones.Luckily they find no injuries.“But he’s a real little animal—only three and a half pounds，” says Andrea Hunt, a worker at the rehab center.According to his weight, they think that Birch is about eight weeks old.“Baby beavers stay with their families for one to two years，” Hunt says.“He’s not ready to care for himself.If he hadn’t been saved, he almost certainly wouldn’t have survived.”
To keep Birch from getting lonely, Hunt pairs him with another baby beaver named Aspen.At first they’re fed a milky cereal.A few weeks later, Birch and Aspen begin a diet of solid food that includes leafy kale and collard greens.Wood is also on the menu.For exercise, each beaver receives its own pool to swim in.
About a year later, Birch weighs 27 pounds.“Not only is he healthy, but he’s also learned good survival skills，” Hunt says.“It’s time to let him go.” Early one morning the beaver is driven into a Canadian forest to be set free.Birch is carried in a cage (笼子) to the bank of a lake.When the door opens, he carefully steps out, then jumps into the water and swims away.“We’ll miss Birch，” Hunt says.“But nothing feels better than putting an animal back where it should be.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只小海狸遇险获救并最终被放归大自然的故事。
24．On his way to work, the man ________．
A．gets caught in heavy rain
B．saves a little young animal
C．is driven to a hospital
D．sends a beaver home
答案 B [细节理解题。由第一段中的“the man picks him up and drives to a nearby animal hospital”和第二段中的“If he hadn’t been saved, he almost certainly wouldn’t have survived.”可知，那位男子在上班途中救了小海狸一命，故选B项。]
25．According to Paragraph 2, Birch ________．
A．moves to the rehab center with Hunt
B．loses his parents when he is born
C．is too young to care for himself
D．breaks his bones in an accident
答案 C [细节理解题。由该段中的“they think that Birch is about eight weeks old...He’s not ready to care for himself”可知，Birch太小还不会照顾自己，故选C项。]
26．Which of the following may Andrea Hunt agree with?
A．If you love him, stay with him forever.
B．It is dangerous to get close to animals.
C．Just keep a beaver as your pet.
D．Save animals, save the world.
答案 D [推理判断题。由Andrea Hunt帮助小海狸康复并将其放归大自然的故事及她在最后一段所说的“But nothing feels...should be.”可知，Andrea Hunt会同意D项说法。]
27．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Birch：a lucky beaver
B．Aspen：a special friend
C．Andrea Hunt：a skilled worker
D．The CWRS：home to injured animals
答案 A [标题归纳题。总览全文可知，文章主要讲述了一只小海狸遇险获救并最终被放归大自然的故事，故用A项作为标题最恰当。]
C
Polar bears are not the only species in danger from global warming, a new report has warned.The US Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) claims 16 Arctic(北极的)animals are at risk from the melting ice as well as the polar bears.The animals have become a symbol of the environmental movement, as their numbers go down with the melting ice caps.
But they are not the only ones.A new report has warned that other animals are in danger of going extinct as well.Sea ice in the Arctic fell to its lowest level after records began in 2007 and scientists predict the area could be largely ice free in summer within 10 years.
Shaye Wolf, the lead author of the report, said Arctic foxes, whales, musk oxen(麝牛), walruses(海象)and four species of seals were all in danger—as well as polar bears.
“The polar bear is the best－known victim(受害者)of rapid melting in the Arctic, but if we don’t reduce greenhouse pollution, many more creatures will follow it down the path to extinction,__”she said.“Some Arctic species have already experienced widespread die－offs and population becomes less after losing key habitats and food sources; others face extreme weather events or suffer new pressures from predators(食肉动物)．”
The CBD is also afraid these animals could be in danger if mining for oil goes ahead in this area.It is estimated that eight of the world’s 19 polar bear populations are becoming less as they struggle to raise young and hunt for food on ice.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲了北极狐和其他几种动物和北极熊一样都面临着灭绝的危险。
28．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Polar bears are the only species in danger from global warming.
B．Why all Arctic species are in danger of dying out.
C．We should take measures to protect Arctic animals.
D．Arctic foxes, whales, musk oxen, walruses and four species of seals were all in danger—as well as polar bears.
答案 D [主旨大意题。综合全文和第三段可判断，本文主要讲了北极狐以及其他几种动物和北极熊一样都面临着灭绝的危险。]
29．What’s the meaning of the underlined word“extinction”？
A．繁衍 B．灭绝
C．存在 D．兴衰
答案 B [词义猜测题。从下文widespread die－offs可以推知extinction的含义。]
30．According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct?
A．Nine of the world’s 19 polar bear populations are becoming less now.
B．Polar bears are in danger mainly because their food sources are disappearing.
C．If we don’t take any effective measures to protect these animals in Arctic, more and more creatures will die out in the future.
D．Sea ice in the Arctic fell to its lowest level before records began in 2007.
答案 C [细节理解题。从第四段but if we don’t reduce greenhouse pollution, many more creatures will follow it down the path to extinction可知，C项正确。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions of the last 50 years, but not everything that is said about them is good.Mobiles are frequently blamed for a number of things, from thumb injuries and headaches to house fires.__31__
The theory is that the bees navigation(导航) systems are damaged by the radiation that is given off by mobile phones.Bees have a built－in system a bit like GPS and this helps them find their way back to their hive.But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home.__32__
The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more complicated than it at first seems.The important thing about bees is that most of the crops in many countries of the world are pollinated(授粉) by them.__33__ Many beekeepers in America and Europe have reported losing between 50 and 70 percent of their bees.Jim Piper, a London beekeeper, was recently asked how the problem was affecting him.“My business has been ruined by this，” he explained, “twenty－nine of my forty hives are now empty.”
__34__ However, the fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers is real.And we can’t manage without them.Einstein said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years！__35__ If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about it immediately—before it’s too late.
A．Bees are losing their way.
B．Nobody has proved the theory is true.
C．More evidence is provided to support the theory.
D．It is believed they are dying far from their hives.
E．Without bees, the crops can’t continue to grow.
F．The situation needs to be evaluated by the world’s best scientists.
G．One theory even blames mobile phones for the disappearance of bees.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。关于蜜蜂最重要的一点是，世界上许多国家的大多数农作物都是由它们授粉的。有一种理论认为，蜜蜂的导航系统受到手机辐射的破坏。没有人证明这个理论是正确的，但是蜜蜂正在大量消失的事实是真实的。这种情况需要由世界上最优秀的科学家来评估，然后立即采取行动。
31．G [根据上句：手机经常因为许多事情被指责，从拇指损伤和头痛到房屋火灾。可知，G项有一种理论甚至将蜜蜂的消失归咎于手机。与上文相匹配。one theory也与下一段中的The theory相呼应。]
32．D [根据上句：最近，成千上万的蜜蜂没能找到回家的路。由此推知，人们认为他们离蜂巢很远，快要死了。故选D。]
33．E [根据上句：关于蜜蜂最重要的一点是，世界上许多国家的大多数农作物都是由它们授粉的。可知，没有蜜蜂，庄稼就不能继续生长。故选E。]
34．B [根据第二段第一句“The theory is that the bees navigation(导航) systems are damaged by the radiation that is given off by mobile phones”该理论认为，蜜蜂的导航系统受到手机辐射的破坏。再根据下句：然而，事实上，蜜蜂正在大量消失的事实是真实的。可知此空的意思应该是：没有人证明这个理论是正确的。下句中的however表示转折，起着很大的作用。故选B。]
35．F [根据上句：爱因斯坦说，如果我们所有的蜜蜂都消失了，人类只会再活四年。再根据空格下句：如果移动电话理论是正确的，我们需要立即采取行动——在为时已晚之前。由此可知，这种情况需要由世界上最优秀的科学家来评估。故选F。]
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The basic meaning of “pet” is an animal we keep for emotional(情感的)rather than economic reasons.A pet animal is __36__ as a companion, and we all need companions to keep as feeling happy.__37__ pets offer more than mere companionship：they invite us to love and be loved.Many __38__ feel their pets understand them, for animals are __39__ to sense anger and sorrow.Often a cat or dog can comfort us __40__ when human words don’t help.We feel loved, too, by the way pets __41__ us for a home, for food and drink.Dogs __42__， look up to their owners, __43__ makes them feel important and needed.
A pet can be something __44__ to each member of the family, another baby to the mother, a sister or brother to a(n) __45__ child, a grandchild to the elderly, but for all of us pets provide __46__ and companionship.It has __47__ been suggested that tiny pets __48__ be sent as companions to astronauts on spaceships, to help reduce the stress(紧张)and __49__ of space flights.
In this Plastic Age, when most of us live in large cities, pets are particularly important for __50__．A pet in the family keeps people in __51__ with the more natural, animal world.Seeing an animal give birth brings understanding of the naturalness of childbirth, and seeing a pet __52__ helps a child to cope with sorrow.Learning to __53__ a pet helps a child to grow up into a loving adult who feels __54__ towards those dependent on them.Rightly we teach children to be good to their pets.They should learn, too, that pets are __55__for us human beings.
【语篇解读】 你喜欢饲养宠物吗？人们饲养宠物的原因你了解吗？本文会给你一个满意的解释。
36．A.known B．looked upon
C．treated D．kept
答案 D [从空后的“...and we all need companions to keep as feeling happy”可知， 作者认为人们是把宠物作为伴侣来养， 而不是把它看作伴侣。]
37．A.But B．However
C．So D．Otherwise
答案 A [从空后的“more than mere companionship”可知， 本句与上句为转折关系。]
38．A.masters B．owners
C．bosses D．hosts
答案 B [从空后的“their pets”可知， 这里表示的是宠物的主人。host相对客人而言； master相对仆人(servant)而言； 而owner指某物的所有者。]
39．A.slow B．quick
C．easy D．difficult
答案 B [quick在这里意为“反应灵敏”。]
40．A.in time B．on time
C．at times D．at no time
答案 C [at times在此相当于sometimes。]
41．A.depend on B．live on
C．wait on D．look on
答案 A [句意：通过宠物依赖于我们给它们一个家、食物、饮水的同时我们也感受到爱。depend on sb for sth意为“依靠某人获得某物”。]
42．A.especially B．hardly
C．hopefully D．entirely
答案 A [作者认为在这一点上狗的表现最突出， 因此用especially表示。]
43．A.it B．who
C．which D．what
答案 C [which引导非限制性定语从句， 在这里指代Dogs especially, look up to their owners, look up to在这里意为“尊敬， 尊重”。]
44．A.dangerous B．necessary
C．the same D．different
答案 D [从空后的“another baby to the mother, a sister or brother to a(n) ________ child, a grandchild to the elderly”可知， 宠物对于不同的家庭成员其角色是不一样的。]
45．A.single B．only
C．separate D．alone
答案 B [single意为“单身的”， 指没有结婚； alone不可作定语， 因此A、D两项不符合句意， 故选B。]
46．A.loss B．love
C．trouble D．pleasure
答案 D [句意：宠物给我们带来欢乐和陪伴。从空后的and companionship可知选D。]
47．A.ever B．even
C．never D．probably
答案 B [句意：甚至有人建议小宠物应该带到宇宙飞船上给宇航员做伴。even意为“甚至”在这里用作加强语气。]
48．A.would B．could
C．should D．must
答案 C [suggest后的宾语从句用的是虚拟语气， 其谓语是“should＋动词原形”。]
49．A.loneliness B．distance
C．darkness D．weight
答案 A [宠物用来减轻宇航员飞行中的紧张与孤独。]
50．A.housewives B．children
C．grown－ups D．relatives
答案 B [最后一段论述了宠物对孩子性格培养方面的重要作用。所以应该是针对孩子而言。]
51．A.connection B．conversation
C．touch D．love
答案 C [句意：宠物使得(家庭中的)人们与更多的自然界动物保持接触。keep in touch with与……保持联系。]
52．A.die B．suffer
C．cry D．fight
答案 A [die在此与give birth相对， 从空后的with sorrow也可以得到此答案的提示。]
53．A.pay for B．ask for
C．call for D．care for
答案 D [care for意为“关心， 照顾”。]
54．A.comfortable B．suitable
C．valuable D．responsible
答案 D [句意：学会关心宠物有助于将孩子培养成有爱心的成年人， 他们会对需要自己的人负责。]
55．A.fit B．good
C．expensive D．bad
答案 B [句意：他们也会知道宠物对我们人类有益处。]
非选择题部分
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Taking this volunteer trip to the Wildlife Sanctuary project was something I had wanted to do for several years.Unfortunately, I was busy with work.As 56.________ result, it was always something that I “might” do “eventually” rather than actually doing.Then, I decided it had to happen because it was of great 57.________ (important) to me.I made preparations, booked my trip, and slightly hesitantly headed off to the airport.
Literally after one day of volunteering, I was already regretting only having two weeks to stay.Every day was amazing and full of incredible 58.________ (experience)．The days flew by because we were so busy working on the farm, hanging out and making new friends, and learning about the wildlife in a hands－on manner.59.________ reality, the actual project was exciting and the people I met were similarly incredible.It’s crazy that in just a few weeks you can develop friendships that seem like you 60.________ (have) for years.Leaving can make people sad, but still, I can’t recommend the trip enough to anyone 61.________ is considering it.I’m sure they will fall in love with it.Besides, volunteering can be really 62.________ (benefit) to people.
Having arrived home, I already miss my days that 63.________ (fill) with things related to South Africa.I find 64.________ (I) constantly looking back at photos.I look forward to 65.________ (take) another trip.
答案 56.a [考查冠词。as a result意为“结果……”。]
57．importance [考查词性转换。该空前great为形容词，故用important的名词形式。]
58．experiences [考查名词单复数。根据句意可知，该句中experience意为“经历”，为可数名词，又因为其前面没有冠词，故用其复数形式experiences。]
59．In [考查介词。in reality意为“事实上”。]
60．have had [考查动词的时态。该句的主句为一般现在时且从句的时间状语for years，故此处用所给词的现在完成时。]
61．who [考查定语从句。根据该句成分可知，该句是定语从句，先行词为anyone，故填关系代词who。]
62．beneficial [考查词性转换。此处用所给词的形容词作be后面的表语。]
63．were filled [考查时态和语态。分析该句成分可知，that指代前面的days，that与fill之间为动宾关系，又因为在非洲的日子为过去时，故填被动语态的过去式。]
64．myself [考查代词。该空在句中作宾语，且指代主语本身，故用反身代词。]
65．taking [考查非谓语动词。look forward to中的to为介词，所以用所给词的动名词形式作其宾语。]
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假设你是李梅，你的好朋友Susan前不久随父母去了美国，她写信告诉你开始新的学校生活不是很容易，感到很孤独。请你根据以下要点用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1．听到消息很难过，并给她一些建议；
2．学好英语，练习口语，从而增加和别人交流的机会；
3．多交一些朋友，友情会使她忘记孤独；
4．积极参加各种活动，使自己的生活更加有趣。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可根据内容需要，适当扩展细节；
3．邮件格式已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Susan，
Yours，
Li Mei
【参考范文】
Dear__Susan，
I’m sorry to hear that you are having trouble adapting to your new school life in America, but this situation can be easily changed if you take my advice.
Firstly, you should work hard at English, which can give you more opportunities to communicate with others.Secondly, why not make some friends? They can help you to know more about America, and it is very important to express your thoughts and feelings to them so that you can forget your loneliness.Thirdly, it would be a good idea if you take an active part in all kinds of activities, which will help to make life more interesting.By doing these, you will be happier with your new life soon.
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
Yours，
Li__Mei
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I woke up earlier than my brother as every other day of the week.I jumped out of the bed，got dressed, brushed my teeth, and had breakfast.Saying goodbye to my__mother,__I got in the car no later than 7：05.I got to school on time, even though my brother came out of the house late as he used to.
It was a Thursday.I was walking to the chemistry room when my phone in my left pocket vibrated(震动) I took it out and looked at the shiny screen.As__soon__as__I saw my father’s name on that screen，I realized something was not right.
He would not call me in the middle of a school day just to talk.He would want me to focus in school and do well.I answered the phone, and my father sounded worried．He told me to find my brother as soon as possible, walk with him to the school picking－up zone and get in the car with my brother.Our driver would take us back home where my father was.
When I was in the car with my brother my__dad called the driver and told him to take us to the __hospital．We were going to meet him and my mum there.As soon as my brother and I found about the change in plans, we looked at each other in the eyes.I immediately noticed the fear in brother’s eyes.
To be honest, I was really scared too, probably more than he was.But I did not say anything.We arrived at the hospital.I saw my dad on the phone waiting for us at the entrance.He was smoking.Seeing my dad smoking made me more worried.I had never seen him smoke before.He hated it.As soon as he recognized the white car, he threw the cigarette away.I looked at my brother; he was looking out of the other window.I did not tell him what I just saw.I did not want him to worry.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段， 每段的开头语己为你写好；
4．续写完成后， 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
The car stopped right in front of my dad.
Paragraph 2：
We walked down the hall with our eyes closed.
【参考范文】
Paragraph 1：
The car stopped right in front of my dad.He opened the door and I jumped out of the car and hugged him.He noticed that I was worried right away and a smile on his face told us he had a surprise for us.“What good things happen in hospital？” When we approached the ward, my__dad told my brother and me to close our eyes and hold his hands.So we did.His warm hands made me feel more secure.
Paragraph 2：
We walked down the hall with our eyes closed. Suddenly we stopped.When we walked into the room, my father told us to open our eyes.We saw our mother lying on the bed．Tears welled up in my eyes, but I was not in pain.Right next to my__mother I saw the most beautiful thing I had ever seen.It was a girl.She was sleeping.She was my sister.I still remember that day as one of the happiest days of my life.
