Unit 9 LEARNING
主题语境——人与自我之学习
【语境概说】 本单元的主题语境为人与自我中的学习，该主题语境主要包括乐于学习、善于学习、终身学习、语言学习的规律、方法等。本单元主要涉及乐于学习、善于学习、终身学习。该主题与学生学习的方方面面密切相关。通过本单元的学习，学生了解学习的方法和意义；在语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等方面将得到融合发展。
Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.
心之所愿，无所不成。
Tomorrow never comes.
我生待明日，万事成蹉跎。
It is never too old to learn.活到老学到老。
There is no royal road to learning.
学问无坦途。
A thousand mile trip begins with one step.
千里之行，始于足下。
Section Ⅰ Topic talk
Ⅰ.Pre－listening—Translate the following words and phrases.
1．favorite adj. 最受喜爱的
2．approach n. 方法
3．partner n. 搭档；同伴
4．physics n. 物理
5．curious adj. 好奇的
6．project n. 工程；项目
7．goal n. 目标；球门
8．competition n. 竞争；比赛，竞赛
9．revise v. 修正；复习
10．amazing adj. 令人惊异的
11．prefer v. 更喜欢；宁愿
12．alone adj. 独自的；单独的
13．concentrate v. 集中；全神贯注
14．learn about 了解
15．brush up 温习；复习
Ⅱ.While－listening
1．Finish Ex.2 on Page 50.
2．Finish Ex.4 on Page 51.
Ⅲ.Post－listening—Listen to 9.1 again and fill in the blanks.
I love ①science．My favourite subject is ②physics．I like to ③learn__about new ideas.I’m always ④curious__about new things.I’m working on a science ⑤project with my friends.It’s great.I like to ⑥work__with a partner or do ⑦group__work after class.My learning ⑧goal is to get into college.And I’m going to enter the country science ⑨competition next month.I’m sure I’ll do ⑩well．
Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Talk about your learning goal.
What__is__your__learning__goal？How__can__you__achieve__it?
Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.
1．My favourite subject is...我最喜欢的科目是……
[仿写] 我最喜欢的科目是英语/ 语文/ 物理/ 化学/ 数学/ 历史/ 音乐。
My favourite subject is English/Chinese/physics/chemistry/mathematics/
history/music．
2．I like to...after class.课后我喜欢……
[仿写] 课后我喜欢做小组工作/上网/去图书馆/学习新技能/为学校杂志写文章。
I like to do group work/go online/go to the library/learn new skills/write for the school magazine after class.
3．My learning goal is to...我的学习目标是……
[仿写] 我的学习目标是提高英语写作能力/进入大学/通过考试/赢得比赛/为明年打下良好的基础。
My learning goal is to improve English writing skills/get into university/pass an exam/win a competition/establish a good foundation for__the__next__year．
Ⅲ.Talk about English learning using the following sayings or proverbs.
1．To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.
读书不加思考，如同吃东西不经消化。
2．There is no end to education.It is not that you read a book, pass an examination, and finish with education.The whole of life, from the moment you are born to the moment you die, is a process of learning.
教育是无止境的。它并不是你读的一本书，通过一次考试就会终结的。你的一生，从你出生到离开人世，都是学习的过程。
3．Your mind will answer most questions if you learn to relax and wait for the answer.如果你学会放松并等待答案，你的大脑将会回答大部分问题。
4．He who will not learn when he is young will regret it when he is old.
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
When__it__comes__to__English__learning,__I__think__there__are__several__ways__we__can__do__to__improve__our__English__and__make__it__easier__to__learn.Some__English__learners__believe__that__extensive__reading__is__an__important__way__to__learn__English.I__really__agree__with__that.And__we__should__think__a__lot__while__reading.As__we__all__know,__to__read__without__reflecting__is__like__eating__without__digesting.
Ⅰ.语言知识积累
谈论学习的常用口语
1．Are you busy with your study this term？你这学期忙吗？
2．Do you have a busy schedule this term？你这学期课程安排紧吗？
3．How many courses do you have this term？你这学期上几门课？
4．I’m afraid the course load is a little too heavy.
恐怕课程负担太重了。
5．I think you’d better carry a little load in the first term.
我认为你最好在第一学期课程负担轻一些。
6．I have been quite overloaded in the past two years.
过去两年里我的课程特别多。
7．How about your marks in Computer Science?
你计算机考了多少分？
8．David failed the math exam.
大卫的数学课考试没有通过。
9．I’d like to specialize in English.
我想学英语。
10．What’re you going to study?
你打算学什么？
Ⅱ.文化知识习得
美国教育体制
美国学校分为公立、私立两类，公立学校系统规模庞大，是因为背后有美国政府资助，所以美国九成的学生大多在公立教育系统内就读，公立学校受到州政府和联邦政府的拨款，也因此受到各州州政府的监管，并遵守各州议会制定的有关教育的法律。私立学校基本上不受任何政府的监管，不过对学校政策有影响力的是家长和教师联合会PTA(Parent and Teacher Association)，以及较具有专业性质的一般坊间教育机构。
美国的6～18岁是属于中小学义务教育的部分。教育大概分为四个阶段，分别是学前教育、小学、中学及高等教育。在高中毕业前是属于通才教育，到高等教育(学院、大学和研究所)才分职业教育和一般教育。美国学制没有学力测验、大学联考，学生凭着在校成绩及SAT/ACT分数，自行申请大学入学。
Ⅲ.学习策略形成
如何更高效地听说
1．调动学习英语的积极性
兴趣是最好的老师。要想提高听说能力，就得采用各种教学手段调动学习的积极性。
2．补充文化背景知识
阅读一些有关英美等国的历史、地理、政治、经济和风土人情等方面的书籍，掌握一些体现英语民族特定的思维和表达习惯的俚语、比喻、典故等。另外，还应该在课余时间通过阅读英语报刊、观看英语电影和收听英语广播等方式来不断了解英语国家的政治、经济和社会文化。
3．注重课外自学
课堂时间有限，因此只注重课堂时间来锻炼听说能力收效甚微。应该利用课外时间多加练习，可以多读较好的文章，或者通过参加英语角等活动锻炼自己的听力及口语。
1.approach n．方法；途径；接近；接洽 v．靠近；接近；接洽
What is your learning approach to it？(教材P50)你的学习方法是什么？
[合作探究] 体会approach的用法和意义
Many birds fly south at the approach of winter.
冬季来临之时，许多鸟飞向南方。
We need to try other approaches to solving the problem.
我们需要尝试其他解决这一问题的不同方法。
As Teachers’ Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.随着教师节的临近，今年我们班决定换一种方式举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。
Did Mary approach you on/about lending her some money?
玛丽找你商量过有关借钱给她的事吗？
[自主发现]
①at the approach of 在……快到的时候
②an approach __to doing sth (做某事)的方法
③be approaching 快到了
④approach sb on/about sth 就某事与某人洽谈(商量、交涉)
[名师指津] 表达“(做)某事的方法”有：the approach to ( doing ) sth/the way to do/of (doing ) sth/the means of (doing ) sth/the method of (doing ) sth。
[词块积累]
make approaches to sb设法接近某人
make an approach to sth对某事/物进行探讨
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/一句多译
①This is the easiest way to__improve ( improve ) your English.
②It is true that he is approaching (approach ) the end of life but he has been living a memorable life.
③随着暑假临近，学生们开始高兴起来。
→Students are delighted at__the__approach__of the summer vacation.
→As the summer vacation is__approaching,__students are delighted.
2.brush up (on)温习；复习
But I still need to brush up on some language points.(教材P108)
但是我还需要温习一些语言点。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
brush up against 轻轻触到；遇到
brush away 刷去
brush off 刷掉；不理； 漠视
①I’ll have to brush up my English before I go abroad.
出国前我要温习一下英语。
②She never loses heart when she brushes up against setbacks.
她遭受挫折时从不灰心。
③I had to brush away the tears from my eyes.
我的双眼涌满泪花，我只好赶紧擦掉。
④No Chinese person can brush off that disgrace history.
没有一个中国人能洗刷掉那段屈辱的历史。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①He said he had to brush__up__on__his__history before the examination.
他说他得在考试前复习历史。
②He has brushed__up__against__trouble recently.最近他碰到了麻烦。
③I use one of my son’s old toothbrushes and warm water to brush__away__the__dust on the coat.
我用我儿子的一把旧牙刷和温水刷去大衣上的灰尘。
④Mud brushes__off__easily when it is dry.泥巴干了容易刷掉。
Ⅰ.Listening
(Ⅰ)Listen to Dialogue 1 just once and choose the best answer.
What is the girl’s learning goal?
A．To earn a lot of money.
B．To win the country science competition.
C．To get into college.
答案 C
听力原文
B：What is your learning goal?
G：My learning goal is to get into college.And I’m going to enter the country science competition next month.
(Ⅱ)Listen to Dialogue 2 twice and choose the best answer.
1．Where is the boy going to?
A．To the classroom.
B．To the dining hall.
C．To the library.
2．What is the boy preparing for?
A．For an English exam.
B．For a Chinese exam.
C．For an English speaking competition.
3．What is the boy’s problem recently?
A．He doesn’t have a good memory.
B．He can’t sleep well.
C．He can’t remember some language points.
答案 1.C 2.A 3.B
听力原文
G：Hi, there.Where are you off to?
B：I’m going to the library.I’m revising for an English exam next week.
G：You’ve been working so hard.There shouldn’t be any problem!
B：But I still need to brush up on some language points.
G：Come on, you’ll be fine.You often surprise us with your amazing memory.
B：But I’ve been sleeping badly these past few days, and I just prefer to study alone in a quiet place so that I can concentrate and keep the details straight in my head.
Ⅱ.Listening and talking
(Ⅰ)Listening—Listen to Dialogue 2 twice and fill in the blanks.
G：Hi, there.Where are you ①off__ to?
B：I’m going to the library.I’m revising for an ②__English__exam next week.
G：You’ve been ③working so hard.There shouldn’t be any problem!
B：But I still need to ④brush__up on some language points.
G：Come on, you’ll be fine.You often surprise us with your ⑤amazing__memory．
B：But I’ve been sleeping ⑥badly these past few days, and I just prefer to ⑦study__alone in a quiet place so that I can ⑧concentrate and keep the details straight in my head.
(Ⅱ)Talking—Make a dialogue with your partner to talk about your preparations for an exam.
The__answer__is__open.
课件26张PPT。Unit 9 LEARNING主题语境——人与自我之学习【语境概说】 本单元的主题语境为人与自我中的学习，该主题语境主要包括乐于学习、善于学习、终身学习、语言学习的规律、方法等。本单元主要涉及乐于学习、善于学习、终身学习。该主题与学生学习的方方面面密切相关。通过本单元的学习，学生了解学习的方法和意义；在语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等方面将得到融合发展。Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.
心之所愿，无所不成。
Tomorrow never comes.
我生待明日，万事成蹉跎。
It is never too old to learn.活到老学到老。
There is no royal road to learning.
学问无坦途。
A thousand mile trip begins with one step.
千里之行，始于足下。Ⅰ.Pre-listening—Translate the following words and phrases.1．favorite adj. ________________
2．approach n. ________________
3．partner n. ________________
4．physics n. ________________
5．curious adj. ________________Section Ⅰ Topic talk最受喜爱的方法搭档；同伴物理好奇的6．project n. ________________
7．goal n. ________________
8．competition n. ________________
9．revise v. ________________
10．amazing adj. ________________
11．prefer v. ________________
12．alone adj. ________________
13．concentrate v. ________________
14．learn about ________________
15．brush up ________________工程；项目目标；球门竞争；比赛，竞赛修正；复习令人惊异的更喜欢；宁愿独自的；单独的集中；全神贯注了解温习；复习Ⅱ.While-listening1．Finish Ex.2 on Page 50.
2．Finish Ex.4 on Page 51.Ⅲ.Post-listening—Listen to 9.1 again and fill in the blanks.I love ①____________．My favourite subject is ②____________．I like to ③____________ new ideas.I’m always ④____________ new things.I’m working on a science ⑤____________ with my friends.It’s great.I like to ⑥____________ a partner or do ⑦____________ after class.My learning ⑧____________ is to get into college.And I’m going to enter the country science ⑨____________ next month.I’m sure I’ll do ⑩____________．sciencephysicslearn aboutcurious aboutprojectwork withgroup workgoalcompetitionwellⅠ.语言知识积累谈论学习的常用口语
1．Are you busy with your study this term? 你这学期忙吗？
2．Do you have a busy schedule this term？你这学期课程安排紧吗？
3．How many courses do you have this term？你这学期上几门课？
4．I’m afraid the course load is a little too heavy. 恐怕课程负担太重了。
5．I think you’d better carry a little load in the first term.
我认为你最好在第一学期课程负担轻一些。 6．I have been quite overloaded in the past two years. 过去两年里我的课程特别多。
7．How about your marks in Computer Science? 你计算机考了多少分？
8．David failed the math exam. 大卫的数学课考试没有通过。
9．I’d like to specialize in English. 我想学英语。
10．What’re you going to study? 你打算学什么？Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Talk about your learning goal.What is your learning goal？How can you achieve it?Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.1．My favourite subject is...我最喜欢的科目是……[仿写] 我最喜欢的科目是英语/ 语文/ 物理/ 化学/ 数学/ 历史/ 音乐。
My favourite subject is ___________________________________________________.2．I like to...after class.课后我喜欢……[仿写] 课后我喜欢做小组工作/上网/去图书馆/学习新技能/为学校杂志写文章。
I like to _______________________________________________________________
____________after class.English/Chinese/physics/chemistry/mathematics/history/musicdo group work/go online/go to the library/learn new skills/write for the school magazine3．My learning goal is to...我的学习目标是……[仿写] 我的学习目标是提高英语写作能力/进入大学/通过考试/赢得比赛/为明年打下良好的基础。
My learning goal is to ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.improve English writing skills/get into university/pass an exam/win a competition/establish a good foundation for the next yearⅢ.Talk about English learning using the following sayings or proverbs.1．To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.
读书不加思考，如同吃东西不经消化。
2．There is no end to education.It is not that you read a book, pass an examination, and finish with education.The whole of life, from the moment you are born to the moment you die, is a process of learning.
教育是无止境的。它并不是你读的一本书，通过一次考试就会终结的。你的一生，从你出生到离开人世，都是学习的过程。 3．Your mind will answer most questions if you learn to relax and wait for the answer.
如果你学会放松并等待答案，你的大脑将会回答大部分问题。
4．He who will not learn when he is young will regret it when he is old.
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。When it comes to English learning, I think there are several ways we can do to improve our English and make it easier to learn.Some English learners believe that extensive reading is an important way to learn English.I really agree with that.And we should think a lot while reading.As we all know, to read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.Ⅱ.文化知识习得美国教育体制
美国学校分为公立、私立两类，公立学校系统规模庞大，是因为背后有美国政府资助，所以美国九成的学生大多在公立教育系统内就读，公立学校受到州政府和联邦政府的拨款，也因此受到各州州政府的监管，并遵守各州议会制定的有关教育的法律。私立学校基本上不受任何政府的监管，不过对学校政策有影响力的是家长和教师联合会PTA(Parent and Teacher Association)，以及较具有专业性质的一般坊间教育机构。
美国的6～18岁是属于中小学义务教育的部分。教育大概分为四个阶段，分别是学前教育、小学、中学及高等教育。在高中毕业前是属于通才教育，到高等教育(学院、大学和研究所)才分职业教育和一般教育。美国学制没有学力测验、大学联考，学生凭着在校成绩及SAT/ACT分数，自行申请大学入学。Ⅲ.学习策略形成如何更高效地听说
1．调动学习英语的积极性
兴趣是最好的老师。要想提高听说能力，就得采用各种教学手段调动学习的积极性。
2．补充文化背景知识
阅读一些有关英美等国的历史、地理、政治、经济和风土人情等方面的书籍，掌握一些体现英语民族特定的思维和表达习惯的俚语、比喻、典故等。另外，还应该在课余时间通过阅读英语报刊、观看英语电影和收听英语广播等方式来不断了解英语国家的政治、经济和社会文化。3．注重课外自学课堂时间有限，因此只注重课堂时间来锻炼听说能力收效甚微。应该利用课外时间多加练习，可以多读较好的文章，或者通过参加英语角等活动锻炼自己的听力及口语。1.approach n．方法；途径；接近；接洽 v．靠近；接近；接洽What is your learning approach to it？(教材P50)你的学习方法是什么？[合作探究] 体会approach的用法和意义Many birds fly south at the approach of winter.
冬季来临之时，许多鸟飞向南方。
We need to try other approaches to solving the problem.
我们需要尝试其他解决这一问题的不同方法。As Teachers’ Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.
随着教师节的临近，今年我们班决定换一种方式举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。
Did Mary approach you on/about lending her some money?
玛丽找你商量过有关借钱给她的事吗？[自主发现]①____________ the approach of 在……快到的时候
②an approach ____________ doing sth (做某事)的方法
③be ____________ 快到了
④approach sb ____________ sth 就某事与某人洽谈(商量、交涉)[名师指津] 表达“(做)某事的方法”有：the approach to (doing) sth/the way to do/of (doing) sth/the means of (doing) sth/the method of (doing) sth。[词块积累]make approaches to sb设法接近某人
make an approach to sth对某事/物进行探讨attoapproachingon/about[巩固内化]单句语法填空/一句多译
①This is the easiest way ____________ ( improve ) your English.
②It is true that he is ____________ (approach ) the end of life but he has been living a memorable life.
③随着暑假临近，学生们开始高兴起来。
→Students are delighted ________________ the summer vacation.
→As the summer vacation ________________， students are delighted.to improveapproachingat the approach ofis approaching2.brush up (on)温习；复习But I still need to brush up on some language points.(教材P108)
但是我还需要温习一些语言点。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
brush up agains轻轻触到；遇到
brush away 刷去
brush off 刷掉；不理； 漠视①I’ll have to brush up my English before I go abroad.
出国前我要温习一下英语。
②She never loses heart when she brushes up against setbacks.
她遭受挫折时从不灰心。
③I had to brush away the tears from my eyes.
我的双眼涌满泪花，我只好赶紧擦掉。
④No Chinese person can brush off that disgrace history.
没有一个中国人能洗刷掉那段屈辱的历史。[巩固内化] 完成句子①He said he had to ____________________________ before the examination.
他说他得在考试前复习历史。
②He has ____________________________ recently.
最近他碰到了麻烦。
③I use one of my son’s old toothbrushes and warm water to _________________ on the coat.
我用我儿子的一把旧牙刷和温水刷去大衣上的灰尘。
④Mud ________________ when it is dry.泥巴干了容易刷掉。brush up on his historybrushed up against troublebrush away the dustbrushes off easilySection Ⅱ Lesson 1
1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss what active learners do.
a．answer__questions__actively b．ask__questions c.__take__notes
2．Prediction—Look at the pictures and the title and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__active__learning__and__how__to__take__an__active__role__in__learning.
1．First reading—Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A．Ask questions
Para.2 B．Get to the truth
Para.3 C．Listen to the outer voice
Para.4 D．Focus on the message
Para.5 E．Argue with your inner voice
Para.6 F．What is active learning?
答案 Para.1 F Para.2 C Para.3 E Para.4 A Para.5 B Para.6 D
2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)Most people believe that ________．
A．we need to train ourselves to be better learners
B．the human brain learns all by itself
C．we need to actively take part in the learning process
D．it isn’t always true that the human brain is set to be “automatic”
(2) How many suggestions are given in the text to take an active role in learning?
A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Six.
(3) Which one is the easiest way to promote active learning?
A．Listening to the outer voice.
B．Arguing with your inner voice.
C．Asking questions.
D．Getting to the truth.
(4)What can we learn from the text?
A．The outer voice expresses your personal opinions.
B．Active learners focus on what their brain is saying in the background.
C．Active learners accept everything they learn.
D．Active learners don’t judge people based on first impressions or personal feelings.
答案 (1)B (2)A (3)C (4)D
3．Third reading—Read the text and then fill in the form below.
Suggestions
Learning process
Listen to the outer voice
The outer voice tells you about opinions from ①what__you__hear__or__read．Active learners are open－minded and ②focus__on what the speaker/writer is saying, not on what their brain is saying in the background.
Argue with your inner voice,
When your inner voice tells you a speaker/writer is wrong, ③think__about why the speaker/writer may be right. Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up ④agreeing__with the speaker/writer after all. If not, at least you have “listened to” another point of view.
Ask questions
When you ⑤get__information from someone, from books or the Internet, ask two，three, even five questions about the topic. The very act of ⑥working__out__questions will help you to achieve a higher level of understanding about the topic.
Get to the truth
Active learners don’t accept everything they learn. They ⑦attempt__to find the truth ⑧at__the__heart__of each idea. Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth.
Focus on the message
Active learners do not judge people based on ⑨first__impressions or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message ⑩from the messenger.
1．Discussing ：Which of the suggestions in the text do you think is the most useful for you? Why?
The__answer__is__open.
2．Group work：How will you learn actively in the future? Make a list.Then compare and discuss with your group members.
The__answer__is__open.
积极的学习活动
1．to take notes
2．to focus on
3．to ask questions
4．to reflect on
5．to pay attention to
6．to be curious about
7．to be open－minded
8．to listen to a different point of view
如何识别文章结构
1．By finding out the topic paragraph of the text.
2．By finding out the topic sentence of each paragraph.
3．By understanding what the pronouns refer to in the text.
4．By understanding how the text is developed.
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．Most people assume that the human brain is set to be “ automatic ”．vt.认为；假定，假设
2．There are two kinds of voices：the inner voice and the outer voice.adj.内部的
3．Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.adj.灵活的；可变通的
4．So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today, think about why they believe this.n.恐龙
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．learning process学习过程
2．take an active role in your learning积极参与学习
3．pay too much attention to对……多加注意
4．be flexible in your opinions 灵活表达你的观点
5．in short总之；简言之
6．find the truth发现真相
7．get in the way妨碍，阻碍
8．cannot help doing sth禁不住做某事
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．while引导并列句；what 引导宾语从句
Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions，while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read.
2．if引导条件状语从句；that 引导宾语从句
So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today, think about why they believe this.
3．that引导宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句
This goes the other way as well—do not just assume that some people are always right because of who they are or just because they are your friends.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．He attempted (试图) to escape from the prison, but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
2．We must assume(认为)him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.
3．This heating system has an __automatic(自动的)temperature control.
4．Most scientists believe that water doesn’t exist(存在)on the surface of the moon.
5．They discussed how to promote(促进)cooperation between the two countries.
6．Some dinosaurs(恐龙)ate meat and some ate only plants.
7．She __ignored(置之不理)the stares of everyone around her.
8．We need a foreign policy that is more flexible (flex)．
9．After all, it’s __unlikely (likely) that everyone is wrong except you.
10．Her gentleness has given me a deep impression ( impress)．
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．I reflected__on(思考)this proposal for some time.
2．I’ll work__out(制定出)the schedule next week.
3．In__short(总而言之), we live in an age of challenges.
4．We shall attempt__to (尝试)answer it in this book.
5．All of the work we do is__based__on(以……为基础)science.
6．Do not __argue__with(争吵)the person if he/she disagrees with you.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．If you find your inner voice difficult to control, you can argue with it as most active learners do.如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
[仿写] 我希望别人怎样对待我，我就会怎样对待他们。
I’ll behave toward them __as__I__would__like__to__be__treated．
2．If not, at least you have “listened to” another point of view.
如果不是这样的话，至少你听过另一种观点。
[仿写] 如果你喜欢，就去做吧！ 如果不喜欢，就算了吧。
If you like it, just do it! If__not,__forget it!
3．It is true that we cannot help disliking some people—this is human nature，after all.的确，我们禁不住讨厌某些人——毕竟这是人类的本性。
[仿写] 也许这是真的，直到我们失去自己所拥有的东西时，才会认识到它的珍贵。
Maybe it__is__true__that we do not know what we have got until we lose it.
记单词
Ⅰ.一言串记多义词
He attempted to finish his homework on time.But he failed in his attempt.
他试图按时完成作业。但他的尝试失败了。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1．名词后缀：－sion, －ence
impress (v.)→impression (n.)
exist (v.)→existence (n.)
2．形容词后缀：－ible
flex (v.)→flexible (adj.)
access (v.)→accessible (adj.)
3．否定前缀：un－
likely (adj.)→unlikely
fair (adj.)→unfair
happy (adj.)→unhappy
句型公式
1．as引导的方式状语从句
2．if not省略结构
3．It＋be＋adj.＋ that...
1.reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映
to reflect on (教材P52) 反思
[合作探究] 体会reflect的用法和意义
You should set aside some time to reflect on your successes and failures.
你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
The monster’s awful face was reflected in the mirror.
这个怪物可怕的脸映在了镜子中。
The light is reflected from the moon.
光从月球反射出来。
[自主发现]
①reflect on思考
②be reflected in 映在……中
③reflect...from．.. 从某物表面反射(光、热、声等),[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop the habit of reflecting __on how you learn.
②The sunlight was reflected in the water.
③The setting sun is reflected from__the windows of the old house.
2.argue vi.争吵，争论
Argue with your inner voice(教材P52) 与内心的声音争辩
[合作探究] 体会argue的用法和意义
I argued with my teacher today.今天我和老师争吵了。
But there are many people who argue for changing their jobs, they argue that change means progress.
但是许多人赞成换工作，他们辩解说改变就意味着进步。
It is very difficult to argue against its use.
想要反对使用它是十分困难的。
The boy argued with his teacher about/over his homework.
那个男孩因为作业与老师争执了起来。
You can’t argue him into joining us.你不能说服他加入我们。
[自主发现]
①argue with 争吵
②argue __for 为……而争论；为……而辩护
③argue against 辩驳
④argue with sb __about/over sth 与某人争辩某事
⑤argue sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Why did you argue__for such a policy?
你为什么极力赞成这样的政策？
②She thought it unnecessary to __argue__with__him__about__it．
她觉得没有必要和他争论。
③They tried to argue__him__into__joining them.
他们试图说服他参加到他们行列中去。
④Father argued__against__an increase in our pocket money.
父亲为反对增加我们的零花钱而争论。
3.assume vt.认为；假定，假设 assumption n．假定；设想
Most people assume that the human brain is set on “ automatic ”．..(教材P52)大多数人认为人的大脑是“自动”运行的……
[合作探究] 体会assume的用法和意义
I assume him to be the cleverest boy in this class.
我认为他是这个班最聪明的学生。
It is assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
一般认为，压力是过重工作所致。
Assuming that you are right, we’ll make a great deal of money from the project.假定你是正确的，那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。
[自主发现]
①assume sb/sth to__be 假定/假设某人/某事为……
②It is assumed __that... 被认为……
③assuming (that)... 假设/假定……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①It is assumed __that there is a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.
②We assume him to__be ( be ) innocent before hearing the evidence against it.
③Assuming (assume) the house is for sale, would you buy it?
④A lot of people make an assumption(assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
4.impression n．印象；感想 impress v．使印象深刻；使铭记
Active learners do not judge people based on first impressions or personal feelings.(教材P53)主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断一个人。
[合作探究] 体会impression的用法和意义
The experience left/made an unforgettable impression on me, which is of great significance to my growth.
那次经历给我留下了难以忘怀的印象，对我的成长有很大的意义。
I have a very good impression of him from the first.
他一开始就给我留下了很好的印象。
I was under the impression that we would have a good holiday, but it has been raining these days.我原以为我们会有一个愉快的假期，但是近来老是下雨。
[自主发现]
①leave/make an impression on sb 给某人留下的印象
②have a(n)．..impression of... 对……有……印象
③be under the impression that... 以为……；(通常指)误认为……
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①All this left__a__deep__impression__on his young heart.
这一切给他那颗年轻的心留下了深刻的印象。
②I know you __have__a__good__impression__of Tom, and Tom always thinks well of you.
我知道你对汤姆印象很好，汤姆对你的看法也很好。
③He was__under__the__impression__that they had become friends.
他误认为他们已经是朋友了。
1.attempt to尝试；试图
They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea.(教材P53)
他们努力从每个观点最核心的地方寻找真相。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
attempt at doing sth 努力做某事；企图做某事
make an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
①He attempted to leave but was stopped.
他试图要走，但被拦住了。
②The boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。
③He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test at the first attempt.
他第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，因而得意洋洋。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Every time I attempted to__persuade (persuade) her, I failed completely.
②Not many people can answer this question at__the first attempt.
③He made an attempt to__win(win) the first prize.
④我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。
→I’ve made__an__attempt__to__convince__her of his honesty，but in vain.
→I’ve attempted__to__convince__her of his honesty，but in vain.
→I have tried__to__convince__her of his honesty，but in vain.
2.be based on以……为根据
Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth.(教材P53)
即使一个想法听起来完全不可能，但是它可能有一个方面是基于事实的。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
base...on/upon 把……建立在……的基础上
at the base of 以……为基点；在……的底部
①Edison based his ideas on scientific experiment.
爱迪生的想法是建立在科学实验的基础上的。
②The report is based entirely on facts.这篇报道完全以事实为根据。
③The camp was located at the base of the mountain.
那个营地位于那座山脚下。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①The story is__based__on real life.
那故事是根据现实生活而写的。
②You should base__your__opinion__on facts.
你的意见都要以事实为根据。
③We live at__the__base__of the atmosphere.
我们生活在大气的底部中。
1.If you find your inner voice difficult to control, you can argue with it as most active learners do.(教材P53)
如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
[句式解读] 句中as引导方式状语从句。
[用法总结]
(1)引导方式状语从句，意为“如同；按照……的方式”。
①When in Rome do as the Romans do.[谚语]入乡随俗。
②Will you please do the experiment as I am doing?
请你按我的方法做这个实验好吗？
(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……；当……的时候”。
③You will grow wiser as you grow older.随着年龄增长你会变得越来越聪明。
(3)引导原因状语从句，“因为，由于”。
④She may need some help as she is new here.
她可能需要一些帮助，因为她是新来的。
(4)引导让步状语从句，“虽然，尽管”。
⑤Old as he is, he still jogs every day.尽管他上了年纪，仍然每天慢跑。
,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Just as__I__got__to__the__school__gate,__I realized I had left my book in the bookstore.当我到达校门口时，我意识到我把书忘在书店了。
②As__an__old__saying__goes,__it is never too old to learn.
正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。
③Hard__as__he__worked,__he still failed to make both ends meet.
他尽管努力工作，仍未能做到收支平衡。
④I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as__I__had__a__train__to__catch．我开会的时候一直在看表，因为我要赶火车。
2.If not, at least you have “listened to” another point of view.(教材P53)
如果不是这样的话，至少你听过另一种观点。
[句式解读] 句中If not为固定省略结构，意为“如果不是这样的话”。
[用法总结] if not 相关类似结构：
if so 假如这样的话
if any 即使有(任何)……，即使有……
if ever (即使有……也)极少，难得
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
①They think she may try to phone.If so, someone must stay here.
他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。
②There are few people nowadays, if any, who remember him.
当今记得他的人，如有的话，也不多了。
③If possible, let me know beforehand.如果可能，可在事前通知我。
④He seldom, if ever, goes to the movies by himself.
他不会，即使有也很少，单独去看电影的。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①__If__so,__please respond to me as quickly as possible.如果是这样的话，请尽快给我回信。
②I might see you tomorrow.If__not,__then it’ll be Saturday.
我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。
③The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if__ever,__reaching 30 ℃ in summer.
这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。
④If__possible,__I wish to go there next summer.
如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。
⑤If__necessary,__ring me at home.
如果必要，可往我家里打电话。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Anyone can be an active learner if he/she trains automatically.Active learners don’t pay too much attention 1.to the inner voice because it can stop them from fully 2.understanding (understand) what they’re hearing or reading.To be 3.an active learner, you can also react to your inner voice, for example, arguing with your inner voice, and questioning your point of view.Ask as many 4.questions (question) as you can because the answers will lead you 5.to further learning, and the way of 6.working (work) out questions will help you 7.to__achieve (achieve) a higher level of understanding about the topic.Don’t accept everything you learn and try to find the 8.__truth(true) at the heart of each idea so you can understand why people believe this.Finally, don’t let your feelings get in the way when you’re learning.Even if you cannot help 9.disliking (dislike) some people, you may still be able to learn 10.from them.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
史密斯先生基于(be based on)现有的数据发表了一篇关于恐龙灭绝 (dinosaur) 的文章。在他的文章中，他认为(assume) 恐龙的灭绝不仅是由外部(outer)小行星撞击造成的，而且是由地球内部的( inner )不稳定造成的。但一些专家认为这是不可能的(unlikely)，他所说的也不是真的。正如预料的那样，史密斯先生试图(attempt to)说服他们，他们互相争论( argue with)起来。最后，他们写文章互相攻击。他们都忽略(ignore)了在世界的中心(at the heart of)友谊更有价值。最后，他们意识到了自己的错误，互相道了歉，这促进(promote)了他们的关系。
每个人都有自己的想法，当我们遇到矛盾的时候，有很多灵活的(flexible)解决方案，但是我们需要做的是通过仔细思考(reflect)找到最好的解决方案。毕竟，有时候小的自动的(automatic)行为会导致大的错误。
Mr.Smith__published__an__article__about__the__extinction__of__dinosaurs__based__on__existing__data.In__his__article,__he__assumed__that__the__extinction__of__dinosaurs__was__caused__not__only__by__outer__asteroids’__impact__but__also__inner__instability__from__the__earth.But__some__experts__thought__it__was__unlikely__and__what__he__said__was__not__true.Mr.Smith__attempted__to__persuade__them，and__as__expected，they__argued__with__each__other.Finally,__they__made__an__attack__on__each__other__by__writing__articles.They__all__ignored__that__friendship__was__more__valuable__at__the__heart__of__the__world.In__the__end,__they__realized__their__mistakes__and__they__apologized__to__each__other__and__this__promoted__their__relationship.
Everyone__has__his__or__her__own__ideas，and__when__we__come__across__contradictions,__there__are__many__flexible__solutions,__but__what__we__need__to__do__is__to__find__the__best__solution__by__reflecting__carefully.After__all,__sometimes__small__automatic__actions__can__lead__to__big__mistakes.
接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语的动词
[合作探究] 画出下列句子中的 “动词－ing形式或不定式” 结构。
示例：I enjoy playing basketball.
①Hearing the news, he couldn’t help crying．
②I practice playing the piano twice a week.
③I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up.
④We arranged to__meet at the station but she didn’ t turn up.
⑤He decided to__put an advertisement in the newspapers.
⑥ Bill applied __to__join the police last week, but he wasn’t tall enough.
[自主发现1]
有些动词后习惯跟动词－ing形式作宾语；有些动词后习惯跟不定式作宾语。
一、接动词－ing形式作宾语的动词
[合作探究]
You’d better finish doing your homework tonight.你最好今晚完成家庭作业。
Would you mind doing me a favour？你介意帮我个忙吗？
If my boss asks me to do such kind of thing any more, I’ll give up working.
如果我老板再要我做这样的事，我就辞职不干了。
I’m looking forward to seeing you.我盼望着再次见到你。
The doctor advised taking more exercise.医生建议多锻炼。
[自主发现2]
有些动词和动词短语后常用动词－ing形式作宾语。如：
allow/permit 允许 consider 考虑
suggest/advise 建议 finish 完成
imagine 想象 practice 练习
enjoy 喜欢 miss 错过，怀念
prevent 阻止 forbid 禁止
escape 避免 include 包括
forgive/pardon/excuse 原谅 avoid 避免
can’t help 禁不住 deny 否认
admit 承认 fancy 设想；想做
keep 保持 mind 介意
risk 冒险 can’t stand 不能忍受
feel like 想要 insist on 坚持
delay/put off 推迟 give up 放弃
be busy 忙于 be worth 值得
look forward to 盼望，期待
[名师提醒] 接动名词作宾语的动词
Mrs.P Black missed a beef bag.P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。
[妙语诠释] 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：m＝mind，r＝risk，s＝succeed in，p＝practice，b＝be busy，l＝look forward to，a＝admit，c＝can’t help，k＝keep on，m＝miss，i＝insist，s＝suggest，s＝stop，e＝enjoy，d＝delay，a＝avoid，b＝be devoted to, e＝escape, e＝excuse, f＝forbid, b＝be worth，a＝advise，g＝give up
二、接不定式作宾语的动词
[合作探究]
Can you afford to lend me some money？你能借一些钱给我吗？
We’ve decided to hold a meeting.我们决定召开一个会议。
He demanded to know the truth.他要求知道事实真相。
He determined to learn French.他决定学法语。
[自主发现3]
英语中有些动词后接另一个动词作宾语时，该动词习惯上要用不定式形式，而不用动名词形式，这类动词及短语有：
afford 负担得起 agree 同意
appear 似乎 arrange 安排
ask 要求 attempt 试图
choose 选择 decide 决定
expect 期待 fail 失败
help 帮助 intend 打算
learn 学习 manage 设法
offer 主动提出 plan 计划
persuade 说服 pretend 假装
promise 答应 refuse 拒绝
seem 似乎 long 渴望
wish 希望 determine 决心
refuse 拒绝 want 想要
would like/love/prefer 想要
[名师提醒] 接不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。
[妙语诠释]
三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse
设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide
不要假装在选择：pretend，choose
三、接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语意思区别不大的动词
[合作探究]
From then on, you started to work/working for yourself.
从那时起，你开始了为自己工作。
They continued to argue/arguing till after midnight.
他们继续讨论直到午夜以后。
[自主发现4]
有些动词后跟动词－ing形式和跟不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别，常用的动词有：begin(开始)；start (开始)；continue (继续)；intend (打算；想要)。
[名师提醒] 动词need, require, want作“需要” 解时，其后用动词－ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词－ing的主动形式表被动意义。
Your coat wants washing.＝ Your coat wants to be washed.
你的外套需要洗了。
四、接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语意思不同的动词
[合作探究]
My father tried to cheer me up.父亲努力让我振作起来。
Let’s try knocking at the back door.咱们敲后门试试。
Don’t forget to say “ Thank you” when someone has helped you.
当有人帮助了你时不要忘记说“谢谢”。
I forgot closing the windows when I returned home.
我回到家的时候，忘记已经关了窗户。
[自主发现5]
有些动词后接动词－ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：
forget doing忘记已做过某事； forget to do 忘记要做某事； remember doing 记得做过某事； remember to do 记住要做某事； mean doing 意思是，意味着； mean to do 打算做； regret doing 后悔做过某事；regret to do 遗憾要做某事；try to do想方设法做某事；try doing 尝试做某事；can’t help doing 禁不住做；can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。
不定式与动名词作宾语的差异
1．动词不定式作宾语的时候，宾语的动作时间与谓语动作时间大多数情况不是同一个时间，谓语时间一般在宾语时间之前；只有少数场合下谓语和宾语的时间是同一个时间。此外，动词不定式作宾语突出动作性和动作的一次性。
2．动名词作宾语的时候，宾语动作的时间和谓语动作的时间是同步的，同时发生或者同时结束。动名词还突出动作的经常性。
[巩固内化1] 单句语法填空
①The boy refused to admit stealing (steal) my money.
②The bird was so lucky that it just missed being__caught (catch)．
③We don’t allow smoking (smoke) in the classroom.
④My job doesn’t include making (make) coffee for the boss.
⑤All our classmates are considering going (go) to the city centre for the fashion show. [巩固内化2] 单句语法填空
①How did you manage to__finish (finish) it so soon?
②He pretended to__like(like) us, but he didn’t.
③Less and less people can afford to__go(go) abroad for their holidays.
④He agreed to__help (help) but backed out when he found how difficult it was.
[巩固内化3] 完成句子
①He was beginning to__recover when he had another attack.
他正在开始恢复时，突然病又发作了。
②What do you intend to__do__/doing when you get to this place?
你打算到这里干什么？
③She looked up for a minute and then continued to__draw/drawing．
她抬头看了一会儿，然后继续画。
[巩固内化4] 完成句子
① Have you tried__doing__it in another way?
你尝试用另外一种方法来进行吗？
②Do not forget__to__say thank you for people’s praise.
不要忘记对别人的赞美说感谢。
③I regret__to__say that I cannot go with you.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能与你同去。
④However much you regret__doing__that,__there is nothing you can do about it now.
无论你可能多么懊悔你曾经做过的事，现在也无济于事了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The boy planned to__work (work) in Shanghai, which made his father a little surprised.
2．She suggested going (go) out for a walk, but I’d rather stay at home watching TV.
3．—Would you mind opening (open) the door?
—Of course not.
4．After he had worked several hours, he stopped to__drink ( drink) a cup of coffee to refresh himself.
5．Although swimming is his favorite sport, yet he doesn’t like to__swim (swim)today.
6．I forgot giving (give) him the small change so I give him the money again.
7．The young plants and flowers need looking/to__be__looked (look) after carefully.
8．The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street, but his parents told him not to__do (do)．
9．Please remember to__bring__(bring) your notebook here tomorrow.
10．You look so tired, why not stop to__have (have) a rest?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．His wife doesn’t allow__smoking inside the room and often advises him to__give__up__smoking．
他的妻子不允许在室内吸烟，经常劝他戒烟。
2．I’m looking forward to hearing__from__you soon.
我期待着很快收到你的来信。
3．Being ill for a few days, she doesn’t feel like eating__anything．她病了几天，什么也不想吃。
4．Would you like to__go__shopping with me?
你愿意和我去购物吗？
5．There have been fewer problems for travelers who choose__to__fly．
对于选择乘飞机旅游的人来说问题更少。
6．Doing one thing well doesn’t mean__doing exactly one thing.
做好一件事情并不意味着仅仅做一件事情。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is not something outside; it is an inner(内部的)growth.
2．It can promote(促进)understanding between us and others.
3．He thought that if he couldn’t see something, it didn’t exist(存在)．
4．The study was based on data(数据)from 2，100 women.
5．The intelligence , age and methods of study should not be ignored(忽视)as well.
6．The situation is unlikely(不大可能的)to change in the near future.
7．What if we were more flexible(灵活的)with what we could do with our time?
8．List the names of some types of dinosaurs(恐龙)you know of.
9．For most of us breathing is automatic(自动的)．
10．Imagine that you and I go in outer(外部的)space.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．What questions does the text make you reflect on?
2．But his assumption (assume) proved to be wrong.
3．If no one helps him he may end up being (be) a beggar.
4．You can actively argue with your mind.
5．What was your first impression (impress) of her?
6．In short, it is important that we do not give up when working towards our goals.
7．I love what I do.If not,__I would force myself to.
8．It is true that the project was completed just in one year.
9．Choosing the subject is based (base) on this background.
10．As time went (go) by, we knew more and more about ourselves.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Learning a Second Language
Some people learn a second language easily.Others have trouble learning a new language.How can you help yourself learn a new language, such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.
The first step is to feel positive about learning English.If you believe that you can learn, you will learn.Be patient.You do not have to understand everything all at once.It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new.We can learn from our mistakes.In other words, do not worry about taking risks.
The second step is to practice your English.For example, write a diary every day.You will get used to writing it in English, and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English.Several weeks later, you will see that your writing is improving.In addition, you must speak English every day.You can practice with your classmates outside class.You will all make mistakes, but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.
The third step is to keep a record of your language learning.You can write this in your journal．After each class, think about what you did.Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it.
You must be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it.It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements.You will enjoy learning English, and you will feel more confident in yourself.
【语篇解读】 本文是关于更容易地学习第二语言的方法。
1．To feel positive about learning English means ________．
A．if you are patient, you will learn
B．you can understand everything all at once
C．if you make mistakes, you can learn from your mistakes
D．if you believe you can learn, you will learn
答案 D [推理题。根据第二段第二句If you believe that you can learn, you will learn.可知，是指我们在学习语言的时候，要有信心，故D正确。]
2．When you learn English, you do not need to ________．
A．be patient
B．make mistakes
C．express your ideas in English
D．understand everything all at once
答案 D [细节题。根据第二段第四句You do not have to understand everything all at once.可知，D正确。]
3．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．It is very important to learn a second language.
B．Some people learn a second language easily while other people do not.
C．There are ways to help you learn a second language more easily.
D．Don’t worry about taking risks when learning a second language.
答案 C [主旨大意题。文章正是关于更容易地学习第二语言的方法。故C正确。]
4．What does the underlined word“journal” in the 4th paragraph mean?
A．Diary B．Composition
C．Poem D．Newspaper
答案 A [猜测词义题。根据上下文可知，是要做记录，那么应该是在日记本上记录，故A正确。 ]
Ⅳ.完形填空
If you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.Do you need it for a __1__ reason，such as your job or your studies？__2__ perhaps you’re interested in the __3__，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a __4__ of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of __5__，but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people.They __6__ an environment where you can practice under the __7__ of someone who’s good at the language.We all lead __8__ lives and learning a language takes __9__．You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a __10__．It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes __11__．
Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“I’m too__12__，” they say.Yes，children do learn languages more __13__ than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any __14__．And learning is good for the health of your brain，too.I’ve also heard people __15__ about the mistakes they make when __16__．Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes __17__ you’re much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never__18__．But with some work and devotion，you’ll make progress.And you’ll be __19__ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in __20__ own language.Good luck!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇关于学习新语言的议论文。学习一门新语言，首先考虑为什么学；为工作或者学习；或者只是感兴趣。
1．A.technical B．political
C．practical D．physical
答案 C [由后面的解释“例如，你的工作或你的学业”可知，你是为了一个实用的理由才需要学习一门新语言的，故选C项。]
2．A.After B．So
C．Though D．Or
答案 D [本句表达的意思是和上文并列的，故选D项。]
3．A.literature B．transport
C．agriculture D．medicine
答案 A [根据语境可知，所填词与后面的films和music并列，被of a different country修饰，故选A项。]
4．A.view B．knowledge
C．form D．database
答案 B [文章第一句就说到learn a new language，下文又多次提到learn a language，可推断出这里应为对语言的掌握。have a knowledge of掌握，了解。]
5．A.paintings B．regulations
C．methods D．computers
答案 C [大多数人使用各种方法效果不错，但是传统的课堂对许多人来说还是一个理想的开始。method方法。]
6．A.protect B．change
C．respect D．provide
答案 D [这里指传统的课堂给我们提供了能够练习的环境，故选D项。provide提供。]
7．A.control B．command
C．guidance D．pressure
答案 C [在这种环境中，你能在擅长这门语言的人的指导下练习。under the guidance of在……的指导下；under the control of在……的控制下；under the command of在……的命令下；under the pressure of在……的压力下。]
8．A.busy B．happy
C．simple D．normal
答案 A [现代生活节奏较快，故大家都过着忙碌的生活。]
9．A.courage B．time
C．energy D．place
答案 B [学习语言需要花费时间，由下文“Becoming fluent in a language will take years...”可知，此处主要是从时间的角度来阐述学习语言的。]
10．A.theory B．business
C．routine D．project
答案 C [上句说到你只有经常学习，才能取得更多的成功，因此要尽量把学习变成一种习惯，你才能达到目的。routine常规，习惯。]
11．A.some risks B．a lot less
C．some notes D．a lot more
答案 B [前面说“语言要说得流利将会花费数年的时间”，由but这一转折词可知，后面表示的应该是“而只要求说得过去，时间却可以少得多”，故选B项。]
12．A.old B．nervous
C．weak D．tired
答案 A [后面把孩子学习语言和成年人作比较，故这里表示的是一些人开始学习语言，不久就放弃了，他们的理由就是年龄太大不适合学语言了。]
13．A.closely B．quickly
C．privately D．quietly
答案 B [孩子们比成年人学习语言更快。]
14．A.age B．speed
C．distance D．school
答案 A [研究已经表明你可以在任何年龄学习一门语言。but前面讲的就是学习语言的年龄问题，故选A项。]
15．A.worry B．hesitate
C．think D．quarrel
答案 A [我还听说人们担心学习语言的时候会犯错误。worry about担心；hesitate犹豫；think about考虑；quarrel about争吵。]
16．A.singing B．working
C．bargaining D．learning
答案 D [本文讲的就是学习语言的事情，文中多次出现learn。]
17．A.if B．and
C．but D．before
答案 B [这里考查的是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”这一固定句型，故选B项。]
18．A.tiresome B．hard
C．interesting D．easy
答案 D [根据But之后的内容“只要努力和投入，就会取得进步”可知此处所表达的意思是：学习一门新的语言从来不容易，故选D项。]
19．A.blamed B．amazed
C．interrupted D．informed
答案 B [be amazed by对……吃惊；be blamed by被……责备；be interrupted by被……打断；be informed by被……告知。这里指你会对一些人的良好反应感到吃惊，故选B项。]
20．A.their B．his
C．our D．your
答案 A [代替some people’s应用their，故选A项。]
课件74张PPT。1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss what active learners do.Section Ⅱ Lesson 1a．__________________________ b．______________ c．______________answer questions activelyask questionstake notes2．Prediction—Look at the pictures and the title and predict what the text is probably about.The text is mainly about active learning and how to take an active role in learning.1．First reading—Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.1 A．Ask questions
Para.2 B．Get to the truth
Para.3 C．Listen to the outer voice
Para.4 D．Focus on the message
Para.5 E．Argue with your inner voice
Para.6 F．What is active learning?答案 Para.1 F Para.2 C Para.3 E Para.4 A Para.5 B Para.6 D2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.(1)Most people believe that ________．
A．we need to train ourselves to be better learners
B．the human brain learns all by itself
C．we need to actively take part in the learning process
D．it isn’t always true that the human brain is set to be “automatic”答案 B(2) How many suggestions are given in the text to take an active role in learning?
A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Six.答案 A(3) Which one is the easiest way to promote active learning?
A．Listening to the outer voice.
B．Arguing with your inner voice.
C．Asking questions.
D．Getting to the truth.答案 C(4)What can we learn from the text?
A．The outer voice expresses your personal opinions.
B．Active learners focus on what their brain is saying in the background.
C．Active learners accept everything they learn.
D．Active learners don’t judge people based on first impressions or personal feelings.答案 D3．Third reading—Read the text and then fill in the form below.what you hear or readfocus onthink aboutagreeing withget informationworking out questionsattempt toat the heart offirst impressionsfrom1．Discussing ：Which of the suggestions in the text do you think is the most useful for you? Why?The answer is open.2．Group work：How will you learn actively in the future? Make a list.Then compare and discuss with your group members.The answer is open.积极的学习活动1．to take notes
2．to focus on
3．to ask questions
4．to reflect on
5．to pay attention to
6．to be curious about
7．to be open-minded
8．to listen to a different point of view如何识别文章结构1．By finding out the topic paragraph of the text.
2．By finding out the topic sentence of each paragraph.
3．By understanding what the pronouns refer to in the text.
4．By understanding how the text is developed.语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．Most people assume that the human brain is set to be “ automatic ”．
_________________________
2．There are two kinds of voices：the inner voice and the outer voice.____________
3．Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.______________________
4．So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today, think about why they believe this.____________vt.认为；假定，假设adj.内部的adj.灵活的；可变通的n.恐龙Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义
1．learning process____________
2．take an active role in your learning____________
3．pay too much attention to____________
4．be flexible in your opinions ____________
5．in short____________
6．find the truth____________
7．get in the way____________
8．cannot help doing sth____________学习过程积极参与学习对……多加注意灵活表达你的观点总之；简言之发现真相妨碍，阻碍禁不住做某事Ⅲ.句式欣赏1．while引导并列句；what 引导宾语从句
Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions，while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read.
2．if引导条件状语从句；that 引导宾语从句
So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today, think about why they believe this.
3．that引导宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句
This goes the other way as well—do not just assume that some people are always right because of who they are or just because they are your friends.Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．He ____________ (试图) to escape from the prison, but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
2．We must ____________(认为)him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.
3．This heating system has an ____________(自动的)temperature control.
4．Most scientists believe that water doesn’t ____________(存在)on the surface of the moon.attemptedassumeautomaticexist5．They discussed how to ____________(促进)cooperation between the two countries.
6．Some ____________(恐龙)ate meat and some ate only plants.
7．She ____________(置之不理)the stares of everyone around her.
8．We need a foreign policy that is more ____________ (flex)．
9．After all, it’s ____________ (likely) that everyone is wrong except you.
10．Her gentleness has given me a deep ____________ ( impress)．promotedinosaursignoredflexibleunlikelyimpressionⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．I ________________(思考)this proposal for some time.
2．I’ll ________________(制定出)the schedule next week.
3．________________(总而言之), we live in an age of challenges.
4．We shall ________________ (尝试)answer it in this book.
5．All of the work we do ________________(以……为基础)science.
6．Do not ________________(争吵)the person if he/she disagrees with you.reflected onwork outIn shortattempt tois based onargue withⅢ.句式语境仿写1．If you find your inner voice difficult to control, you can argue with it as most active learners do.如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
[仿写] 我希望别人怎样对待我，我就会怎样对待他们。
I’ll behave toward them ______________________________________________.as I would like to be treated2．If not, at least you have “listened to” another point of view.如果不是这样的话，至少你听过另一种观点。
[仿写] 如果你喜欢，就去做吧！ 如果不喜欢，就算了吧。
If you like it, just do it! ________________， forget it!If not3．It is true that we cannot help disliking some people—this is human nature，after all.的确，我们禁不住讨厌某些人——毕竟这是人类的本性。
[仿写] 也许这是真的，直到我们失去自己所拥有的东西时，才会认识到它的珍贵。
Maybe _________________ we do not know what we have got until we lose it.it is true thatⅠ.一言串记多义词He attempted to finish his homework on time.But he failed in his attempt.
他试图按时完成作业。但他的尝试失败了。记单词Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词1．名词后缀：-sion, -ence
impress (v.)→impression (n.)
exist (v.)→existence (n.)
2．形容词后缀：-ible
flex (v.)→flexible (adj.)
access (v.)→accessible (adj.)
3．否定前缀：un-
likely (adj.)→unlikely
fair (adj.)→unfair
happy (adj.)→unhappy句型公式1．as引导的方式状语从句
2．if not省略结构
3．It＋be＋adj.＋ that...1.reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映to reflect on (教材P52) 反思[合作探究] 体会reflect的用法和意义You should set aside some time to reflect on your successes and failures.
你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
The monster’s awful face was reflected in the mirror.
这个怪物可怕的脸映在了镜子中。
The light is reflected from the moon.
光从月球反射出来。[自主发现]①reflect ____________ 思考
②be reflected ____________ 映在……中
③reflect...____________... 从某物表面反射(光、热、声等)oninfrom[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop the habit of reflecting ____________ how you learn.
②The sunlight was reflected ____________ the water.
③The setting sun is reflected ____________ the windows of the old house.oninfrom2.argue vi.争吵，争论Argue with your inner voice(教材P52) 与内心的声音争辩[合作探究] 体会argue的用法和意义I argued with my teacher today.今天我和老师争吵了。
But there are many people who argue for changing their jobs, they argue that change means progress.
但是许多人赞成换工作，他们辩解说改变就意味着进步。
It is very difficult to argue against its use.
想要反对使用它是十分困难的。
The boy argued with his teacher about/over his homework.
那个男孩因为作业与老师争执了起来。
You can’t argue him into joining us.你不能说服他加入我们。[自主发现]①argue ____________ 争吵
②argue ____________ 为……而争论；为……而辩护
③argue ____________ 辩驳
④argue with sb ____________ sth 与某人争辩某事
⑤argue sb ____________ doing sth 说服某人做某事withforagainstabout/overinto[巩固内化] 完成句子①Why did you ____________ such a policy?
你为什么极力赞成这样的政策？
②She thought it unnecessary to _______________________.
她觉得没有必要和他争论。
③They tried to _______________________ them.
他们试图说服他参加到他们行列中去。
④Father ________________ an increase in our pocket money.
父亲为反对增加我们的零花钱而争论。argue forargue with him about itargue him into joiningargued against3.assume vt.认为；假定，假设 assumption n．假定；设想Most people assume that the human brain is set on “ automatic ”...(教材P52)
大多数人认为人的大脑是“自动”运行的……[合作探究] 体会assume的用法和意义I assume him to be the cleverest boy in this class.
我认为他是这个班最聪明的学生。
It is assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
一般认为，压力是过重工作所致。
Assuming that you are right, we’ll make a great deal of money from the project.
假定你是正确的，那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。[自主发现]①assume sb/sth ____________ 假定/假设某人/某事为……
②It is assumed ____________... 被认为……
③____________ (that)... 假设/假定……to bethatassuming[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①It is assumed ____________ there is a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.
②We assume him ____________ ( be ) innocent before hearing the evidence against it.
③____________ (assume) the house is for sale, would you buy it?
④A lot of people make an ____________(assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.thatto beAssumingassumption4.impression n．印象；感想 impress v．使印象深刻；使铭记Active learners do not judge people based on first impressions or personal feelings.(教材P53)
主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断一个人。[合作探究] 体会impression的用法和意义
The experience left/made an unforgettable impression on me, which is of great significance to my growth.
那次经历给我留下了难以忘怀的印象，对我的成长有很大的意义。I have a very good impression of him from the first.
他一开始就给我留下了很好的印象。
I was under the impression that we would have a good holiday, but it has been raining these days.
我原以为我们会有一个愉快的假期，但是近来老是下雨。[自主发现]①leave/make an impression ____________ sb给某人留下的印象
②have a(n)．..impression ____________... 对……有……印象
③be ____________ the impression that... 以为……；(通常指)误认为……onofunder[巩固内化] 完成句子①All this ________________________________ his young heart.
这一切给他那颗年轻的心留下了深刻的印象。
②I know you ________________________________ Tom, and Tom always thinks well of you.
我知道你对汤姆印象很好，汤姆对你的看法也很好。
③He ________________________________ they had become friends.
他误认为他们已经是朋友了。left a deep impression onhave a good impression ofwas under the impression that1.attempt to尝试；试图They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea.(教材P53)
他们努力从每个观点最核心的地方寻找真相。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
attempt at doing sth 努力做某事；企图做某事
make an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试①He attempted to leave but was stopped.
他试图要走，但被拦住了。
②The boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。
③He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test at the first attempt.
他第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，因而得意洋洋。[巩固内化]单句语法填空/一句多译
①Every time I attempted ____________ (persuade) her, I failed completely.
②Not many people can answer this question ____________ the first attempt.
③He made an attempt _______________ (win) the first prize. to persuadeatto win④我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。
→I’ve _____________________________ of his honesty，but in vain.
→I’ve ______________________________ of his honesty，but in vain.
→I have ____________________________ of his honesty，but in vain.made an attempt to convince herattempted to convince hertried to convince her2.be based on以……为根据Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth.(教材P53)
即使一个想法听起来完全不可能，但是它可能有一个方面是基于事实的。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语base...on/upon 把……建立在……的基础上
at the base of 以……为基点；在……的底部 ①Edison based his ideas on scientific experiment.
爱迪生的想法是建立在科学实验的基础上的。
②The report is based entirely on facts.这篇报道完全以事实为根据。
③The camp was located at the base of the mountain.
那个营地位于那座山脚下。[巩固内化] 完成句子①The story ________________ real life.
那故事是根据现实生活而写的。
②You should ________________________________ facts.
你的意见都要以事实为根据。
③We live ________________ the atmosphere.
我们生活在大气的底部中。is based onbase your opinion onat the base of1.If you find your inner voice difficult to control, you can argue with it as most active learners do.(教材P53)如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。[句式解读] 句中as引导方式状语从句。[用法总结]
(1)引导方式状语从句，意为“如同；按照……的方式”。
①When in Rome do as the Romans do.[谚语]入乡随俗。
②Will you please do the experiment as I am doing?
请你按我的方法做这个实验好吗？
(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……；当……的时候”。
③You will grow wiser as you grow older.
随着年龄增长你会变得越来越聪明。(3)引导原因状语从句，“因为，由于”。
④She may need some help as she is new here.
她可能需要一些帮助，因为她是新来的。
(4)引导让步状语从句，“虽然，尽管”。
⑤Old as he is, he still jogs every day.
尽管他上了年纪，仍然每天慢跑。[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Just ________________________________， I realized I had left my book in the bookstore. 当我到达校门口时，我意识到我把书忘在书店了。
②_______________________，it is never too old to learn.
正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。
③________________， he still failed to make both ends meet.
他尽管努力工作，仍未能做到收支平衡。
④I was watching the clock all through the meeting，_____________________.
我开会的时候一直在看表，因为我要赶火车。as I got to the school gateAs an old saying goesHard as he workedas I had a train to catch2.If not, at least you have “listened to” another point of view.(教材P53)
如果不是这样的话，至少你听过另一种观点。[句式解读] 句中If not为固定省略结构，意为“如果不是这样的话”。
[用法总结] if not 相关类似结构：
if so假如这样的话
if any 即使有(任何)……，即使有……
if ever (即使有……也)极少，难得
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话①They think she may try to phone.If so, someone must stay here.
他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。
②There are few people nowadays, if any, who remember him.
当今记得他的人，如有的话，也不多了。
③If possible, let me know beforehand.
如果可能，可在事前通知我。
④He seldom, if ever, goes to the movies by himself.
他不会，即使有也很少，单独去看电影的。[巩固内化] 完成句子①________________， please respond to me as quickly as possible.
如果是这样的话，请尽快给我回信。
②I might see you tomorrow.________________， then it’ll be Saturday.
我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。
③The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ________________， reaching 30 ℃ in summer.
这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。If soIf notif ever④________________， I wish to go there next summer.
如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。
⑤_______________, ring me at home.
如果必要，可往我家里打电话。If possibleIf necessary接动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语的动词[合作探究] 画出下列句子中的 “动词-ing形式或不定式” 结构。示例：I enjoy playing basketball.
①Hearing the news, he couldn’t help crying.
②I practice playing the piano twice a week.
③I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up.
④We arranged to meet at the station but she didn’ t turn up.
⑤He decided to put an advertisement in the newspapers.
⑥ Bill applied to join the police last week, but he wasn’t tall enough.[自主发现1]有些动词后习惯跟动词____________形式作宾语；有些动词后习惯跟____________作宾语。-ing不定式不定式与动名词作宾语的差异1．动词不定式作宾语的时候，宾语的动作时间与谓语动作时间大多数情况不是同一个时间，谓语时间一般在宾语时间之前；只有少数场合下谓语和宾语的时间是同一个时间。此外，动词不定式作宾语突出动作性和动作的一次性。
2．动名词作宾语的时候，宾语动作的时间和谓语动作的时间是同步的，同时发生或者同时结束。动名词还突出动作的经常性。一、接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词[合作探究]You’d better finish doing your homework tonight.你最好今晚完成家庭作业。
Would you mind doing me a favour？你介意帮我个忙吗？
If my boss asks me to do such kind of thing any more, I’ll give up working.
如果我老板再要我做这样的事，我就辞职不干了。
I’m looking forward to seeing you.我盼望着再次见到你。
The doctor advised taking more exercise.医生建议多锻炼。[自主发现2]有些动词和动词短语后常用____________形式作宾语。如：
allow/permit允许 consider考虑
suggest/advise 建议 finish 完成
imagine 想象 practice 练习
enjoy 喜欢 miss 错过，怀念
prevent 阻止 forbid 禁止
escape 避免 include 包括
forgive/pardon/excuse 原谅 avoid 避免动词-ingcan’t help 禁不住 deny 否认
admit 承认 fancy 设想；想做
keep 保持 mind 介意
risk 冒险 can’t stand 不能忍受
feel like 想要 insist on 坚持
delay/put off 推迟 give up 放弃
be busy 忙于 be worth 值得
look forward to 盼望，期待[名师提醒] 接动名词作宾语的动词
Mrs.P Black missed a beef bag.P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。
[妙语诠释] 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：m＝mind，r＝risk，s＝succeed in，p＝practice，b＝be busy，l＝look forward to，a＝admit，c＝can’t help，k＝keep on，m＝miss，i＝insist，s＝suggest，s＝stop，e＝enjoy，d＝delay，a＝avoid，b＝be devoted to, e＝escape,
e＝excuse, f＝forbid, b＝be worth，a＝advise，g＝give up二、接不定式作宾语的动词
[合作探究] Can you afford to lend me some money？你能借一些钱给我吗？
We’ve decided to hold a meeting.我们决定召开一个会议。
He demanded to know the truth.他要求知道事实真相。
He determined to learn French.他决定学法语。[自主发现3]英语中有些动词后接另一个动词作宾语时，该动词习惯上要用____________形式，而不用动名词形式，这类动词及短语有：
afford 负担得起 agree 同意
appear 似乎 arrange 安排
ask 要求 attempt 试图
choose 选择 decide 决定
expect 期待 fail 失败
help 帮助 intend 打算
learn 学习 manage 设法不定式offer 主动提出 plan 计划
persuade 说服 pretend 假装
promise 答应 refuse 拒绝
seem 似乎 long 渴望
wish 希望 determine 决心
refuse 拒绝 want 想要
would like/love/prefer想要[名师提醒] 接不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。
[妙语诠释]
三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse
设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide
不要假装在选择：pretend，choose三、接动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语意思区别不大的动词[合作探究] From then on, you started to work/working for yourself.
从那时起，你开始了为自己工作。
They continued to argue/arguing till after midnight.
他们继续讨论直到午夜以后。[自主发现4]有些动词后跟动词-ing形式和跟不定式作宾语____________，意义没有多大区别，常用的动词有：begin(开始)；start (开始)；continue (继续)；intend (打算；想要)。
[名师提醒] 动词need, require, want作“需要” 解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。
Your coat wants washing.＝ Your coat wants to be washed.
你的外套需要洗了。均可四、接动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语意思不同的动词[合作探究] My father tried to cheer me up.父亲努力让我振作起来。
Let’s try knocking at the back door.咱们敲后门试试。
Don’t forget to say “ Thank you” when someone has helped you.
当有人帮助了你时不要忘记说“谢谢”。
I forgot closing the windows when I returned home.
我回到家的时候，忘记已经关了窗户。[自主发现5]有些动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义____________：
forget doing忘记已做过某事； forget to do 忘记要做某事； remember doing 记得做过某事； remember to do 记住要做某事； mean doing 意思是，意味着； mean to do 打算做； regret doing 后悔做过某事；regret to do 遗憾要做某事；try to do想方设法做某事；try doing 尝试做某事；can’t help doing 禁不住做；can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。不同[巩固内化1] 单句语法填空
①The boy refused to admit ____________ (steal) my money.
②The bird was so lucky that it just missed ____________ (catch)．
③We don’t allow ____________ (smoke) in the classroom.
④My job doesn’t include ____________ (make) coffee for the boss.
⑤All our classmates are considering ____________ (go) to the city centre for the fashion show.stealingbeing caughtsmokingmakinggoing[巩固内化2] 单句语法填空
①How did you manage ____________ (finish) it so soon?
②He pretended ____________(like) us, but he didn’t.
③Less and less people can afford ____________(go) abroad for their holidays.
④He agreed ____________ (help) but backed out when he found how difficult it was.to finishto liketo goto help[巩固内化3] 完成句子
①He was beginning ____________ when he had another attack.
他正在开始恢复时，突然病又发作了。
②What do you intend ____________ when you get to this place?
你打算到这里干什么？
③She looked up for a minute and then continued __________________．
她抬头看了一会儿，然后继续画。to recoverto do /doingto draw/drawing[巩固内化4] 完成句子① Have you ________________ in another way?
你尝试用另外一种方法来进行吗？
②Do not ________________ thank you for people’s praise.
不要忘记对别人的赞美说感谢。
③I ________________ that I cannot go with you.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能与你同去。
④However much you ________________， there is nothing you can do about it now.
无论你可能多么懊悔你曾经做过的事，现在也无济于事了。tried doing itforget to sayregret to sayregret doing thatSection Ⅲ Lesson 2
Ⅰ.Pre－listening—Translate the following words and phrases.
1．simplified adj. 简化了的
2．classic adj. 经典的
3．unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的
4．memorise vt. 记住；熟记
5．strategy n. 策略；战略；规划
6．beyond prep. 超出……的范围
7．recommend vt. 推荐；建议
8．novel n. 小说
9．sufficient adj. 充足的
10．input n. 输入；投入
11．normally adv. 通常；平常
12．context n. 上下文
13．acquire vt. 学习；获得
14．effectively adv. 有效地
15．worldwide adj. 遍及世界的
Ⅱ.While－listening
1．Finish Ex.2－Ex.3 on Page 56.
2．Finish Ex.6－Ex.7 on Page 57.
Ⅲ.Post－listening—Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1．A lot of the time, you’ll be able to guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word without looking it up.
很多时候，不查字典，你也能猜出生词的意思。
2．By doing so, you’ll be learning grammar in a more natural way than from a grammar book.
这样做，你将以比从语法书中学习更自然的方式学习语法。
3．How do people understand each other when words are pronounced so differently?
当单词发音如此不同时，人们是如何理解彼此的呢？
Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Talk about your ways to learn English.
The__answer__is__open.
Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.
1．—We have different ways of pronouncing words.For example, ...
—That’s odd！...Do they still mean the same thing?
——我们有不同的发音方法。例如，……
——这真奇怪！……它们的意思还是一样的吗？
[仿写] ——我们有不同的发音方法。例如，英国人说[lɑ?st]，而美国人说[l?st]!
——这真奇怪！它们听起来很不一样！它们的意思还是一样的吗？
—We__have__different__ways__of__pronouncing__words.For__example,__British__people__say__“|la?st|”__but__Americans__say__“|l?st|”！
—__That’s__odd!__They__sound__so__different!__Do__they__still__mean__the__same__thing?
2．—I say“example” and “ dancing in the classroom”， but Robert...
— ...! How do people...?
——我说“example”和“ dancing in the classroom”，但是罗伯特……
——啊！人们是如何……
[仿写] ——我说 “ box”和 “ watch” , 但是吉姆……
——啊！人们是如何……
—I__say“box”and“watch”，__but__Jim...—Ah!__How__do__people...?
3．—We say“lift”， but Americans say “ elevator”．— Interesting!
——我们说lift，但是美国人说elevator。
——有趣！
[仿写] ——我们说holiday，但是美国人说vacation。——有趣！
—We__say“holiday”，__but__Americans__say__“vacation”．—Interesting!
Ⅲ.Talk about the differences between American English and British English using the expressions above.
The__answer__is__open.,Ⅰ.语言知识积累
表示感兴趣的常用口语
1．I know what you mean.我明白你的意思
2．How amazing!多么惊人！
3．I see.我明白了。
4．Really？真的吗？
5．They sound so different.它们听起来很不一样。
6．Wow！哇，呀！
7．What do you like?你喜欢什么？
8．That’s right.没错。
9．Interesting！很有意思！
10．What are you interested in?你对什么感兴趣？
Ⅱ.文化知识习得
美国英语常用俚语
1．clock in打卡
2．come easily易如反掌
3．don’t have a cow别大惊小怪
4．cool it冷静一点
5．red－letter day大日子
6．hit the road上路
7．jump to conclusion妄下结论
8．third wheel累赘，电灯泡
9．in hot water有麻烦
10．drop a line写信
Ⅲ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．make little progress几乎没有取得进步
2．sufficient language input足够的语言输入
3．memorise new words记住新单词
4．the best way to learn words学习单词的最好方法
5．learn words in context根据上下文学习单词
6．come across some new words遇到一些新单词
7．in a more natural way以更自然的方式
8．understand each other互相理解
9．apart from除……之外
10．in one way or another这样或那样地
1.recommend vt.推荐；建议 recommendation n．推荐；介绍信
I would recommend that you try simplified classic literature, such as short stories and novels rewritten in simple English.(教材P108)我建议你尝试一下简化的经典文学作品，比如短篇小说和用简单英语重写的小说。
[合作探究]
I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful friendship.
我想给任何想要体验外国文化并获得有意义的友谊的人们推荐一个交流项目。
I’ll recommend him as her secretary.我要推荐他当她的秘书。
We strongly recommend reporting the incident to the police.
我们强烈建议将此事报警。
I recommend you to think carefully before you do anything foolish.
我劝你在没有做出蠢事之前先仔细考虑一下。
He recommended that we (should) read the novel.
他建议我们读一读那部小说。
[自主发现]
①recommend sth to sb 把某物推荐给某人
② recommend sb as 推荐某人为……
③ recommend doing sth 建议做某事
④recommend sb to__do sth 建议某人做某事
⑤recommend that... 建议……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①He recommended the young man to our firm, and it is because of his recommendation (recommend) that we have an excellent worker now.
②His father strongly recommended sending (send) him to school in England.
③Doctors strongly recommend that fathers (should)__be (be) present at their baby’s birth.
④ He recommended me to__change (change) my way of life.
⑤I’ll recommend him as our guide.
2.acquire vt.学习；获得(知识，技能)
Very slowly, you will start to acquire the rules and use them without thinking.(教材P109)慢慢地，你就会开始掌握这些规则，然后不假思索地使用它们。
[合作探究]
We ought to acquire these qualities from him.
我们应当从他身上学到这些品质。
We should try to acquire good habits at an early age.
我们应该从小努力养成良好的习惯。
He acquired a knowledge of the language by careful study.
他通过认真学习掌握了这门语言。
[自主发现]
①acquire good/bad habits 养成好/坏习惯
②acquire a knowledge of 了解，获得……的知识
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①The college students must study hard to acquire a good knowledge of advanced information.
大学生必须努力学习，以获得先进信息技术知识。
②We ought to keep away from bad habits and try to acquire__good__habits for ourselves and others.
我们应该远离坏习惯并努力养成对己对人都有好处的习惯。
③It enables us to acquire__first－hand__knowledge．
它能使我们获得第一手的知识。
2.be honoured to do sth很荣幸做某事
Today, we are honoured to have two special guests with us to tell us about this.(教材P108)今天，我们很荣幸有两位特别的客人和我们一起谈论这件事。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
be honoured as 被授予……的称号
in honour of 为了纪念……
have the honour of (doing) sth 有幸做某事
It’s an honour to do... 很荣幸做……
①She is honoured as a model teacher.她被授予模范教师的称号。
②The monument was set up in honour of the soldiers who died for the country.为纪念为国牺牲的战士建立了此纪念碑。
③ May I have the honour of inviting you to dinner tonight?
我能有幸今晚请你吃顿饭吗？
④It’s an honour to be invited to the ceremony.
受邀参加典礼是一件很荣耀的事。,[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①A ceremony was held in honour of those who had lost their lives in the war.
②I have the honour __to__inform__(inform) you that you have got the first.
③It’s an honour to__be__selected (select) to this band.
④I was honored to__meet (meet) many famous players.
Ⅰ.Listening
(Ⅰ)Listen to the dialogue just once and choose the best answer.
What does Yang An find very difficult?
A．Memorising new words.
B．Grammar.
C．Writing.
答案 A
听力原文
W：Hello, Dr.Smith.My name is Yang An.I find memorising new words very difficult.
M：Hi, Yang An.So what do you normally do to memorise new words?
W：I just try to memorise the word list and it is so difficult and boring.
(Ⅱ)Listen to the text twice and choose the best answer.
1．How many questions does Mr.Smith answer?
A．Only one. B．Two.
C．Three.
2．What can you read if you want to learn English effectively according to Mr.Smith?
A．Long stories.
B．Original novels.
C．Novels rewritten in simple English.
3．What should you do when you come across some new words when reading?
A．Keep reading on.
B．Stop to loop up the new words.
C．Turn to the teacher for help.
答案 1.B 2.C 3.A
听力原文
Hello, I’m Mr.Smith.Many listeners have questions about learning English.I’ll share with you effective strategies for learning English.About the first question：How to learn English effectively? My advice is to increase your knowledge of English beyond the classroom.One way to do that is by reading more.I would recommend that you try simplified classic literature, such as short stories and novels rewritten in simple English.The other way is to listen more, for example, watching English films and programmes.With sufficient language input, I’m sure you can learn English effectively.About the second question：How to memorise new words？I don’t think memorising the word list is the best way to learn words.First, you should learn words in context.For example, when reading English stories, try to keep reading on even when you come across some new words.A lot of the time, you’ll be able to guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word without looking it up.Also, you should learn words in chunks.For example, we say “open the book”， but “turn on the computer”．Or we say “eat an apple”， but “take the medicine”．
Ⅱ.Listening and talking
(Ⅰ)Listening—Listen to the text twice and fill in the blanks.
Hello, I’m Mr.Smith.Many listeners have questions about learning English.I’ll share with you effective strategies for learning English.About the first question：How to learn English ①effectively? My advice is to increase your knowledge of English ②beyond the classroom.One way to do that is by ③reading__more．I would recommend that you try simplified classic literature, such as short stories and novels ④rewritten in simple English.The other way is to listen more, for example, watching English films and programmes.With ⑤sufficient language input, I’m sure you can learn English effectively.About the second question：How to memorise new words？I don’t think ⑥memorising the word list is the best way to learn words.First, you should learn words ⑦in__context．For example, when reading English stories, try to keep reading on even when you ⑧come__across some new words.A lot of the time, you’ll be able to guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word without ⑨looking__it__up．Also, you should learn words in chunks.For example, we say “open the book”， but “⑩turn__on the computer”．Or we say “eat an apple”， but “take the medicine”．
(Ⅱ)Talking—Work with your partner to talk about how to learn English effectively.
The__answer__is__open.
课件24张PPT。Ⅰ.Pre-listening—Translate the following words and phrases.1．simplified adj. ________________
2．classic adj. ________________
3．unfamiliar adj. ________________
4．memorise vt. ________________Section Ⅲ Lesson 2简化了的经典的不熟悉的记住；熟记5．strategy n. ________________
6．beyond prep. ________________
7．recommend vt. ________________
8．novel n. ________________
9．sufficient adj. ________________
10．input n. ________________
11．normally adv. ________________
12．context n. ________________
13．acquire vt. ________________
14．effectively adv. ________________
15．worldwide adj. ________________策略；战略；规划超出……的范围推荐；建议小说充足的输入；投入通常；平常上下文学习；获得有效地遍及世界的Ⅱ.While－listening1．Finish Ex.2-Ex.3 on Page 56.
2．Finish Ex.6-Ex.7 on Page 57.Ⅲ.Post-listening—Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1．A lot of the time, you’ll be able to guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word without looking it up.很多时候，不查字典，你也能猜出生词的意思。2．By doing so, you’ll be learning grammar in a more natural way than from a grammar book.这样做，你将以比从语法书中学习更自然的方式学习语法。________________________________________________________________________________________________3．How do people understand each other when words are pronounced so differently?当单词发音如此不同时，人们是如何理解彼此的呢？____________________________________________________Ⅰ.语言知识积累表示感兴趣的常用口语1．I know what you mean. 我明白你的意思
2．How amazing! 多么惊人！
3．I see.我明白了。
4．Really？真的吗？
5．They sound so different. 它们听起来很不一样。
6．Wow！哇，呀！7．What do you like? 你喜欢什么？
8．That’s right.没错。
9．Interesting！很有意思！
10．What are you interested in? 你对什么感兴趣？Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Talk about your ways to learn English.The answer is open.Ⅱ.Make sentences after the model.1．—We have different ways of pronouncing words.For example, ...
—That’s odd！...Do they still mean the same thing?——我们有不同的发音方法。例如，……
——这真奇怪！……它们的意思还是一样的吗？
[仿写] ——我们有不同的发音方法。例如，英国人说[lɑ?st]，而美国人说[l?st]!
——这真奇怪！它们听起来很不一样！它们的意思还是一样的吗？
—____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
—__________________________________________________________________We have different ways of pronouncing words.For example, British people say“|la?st|” but Americans say “|l?st|”！That’s odd! They sound so different! Do they still mean the same thing?2．—I say“example” and “ dancing in the classroom”， but Robert...— ...! How do people...?
——我说“example”和“ dancing in the classroom”，但是罗伯特……
——啊！人们是如何……
[仿写] ——我说 “ box”和 “ watch” , 但是吉姆……
——啊！人们是如何……
—_______________________________________________________________
—_______________________________________________________________I say“box”and“watch”， but Jim...Ah! How do people...?3．—We say“lift”， but Americans say “ elevator”．— Interesting!——我们说lift，但是美国人说elevator。
——有趣！
[仿写] ——我们说holiday，但是美国人说vacation。
——有趣！
—____________________________________________________________________
—____________________________________________________________________We say“holiday”， but Americans say “vacation”．Interesting!Ⅲ.Talk about the differences between American English and British English using the expressions above.The answer is open.Ⅱ.文化知识习得美国英语常用俚语
1．clock in打卡
2．come easily易如反掌
3．don’t have a cow别大惊小怪
4．cool it冷静一点
5．red－letter day大日子
6．hit the road上路
7．jump to conclusion妄下结论
8．third wheel累赘，电灯泡
9．in hot water有麻烦
10．drop a line写信Ⅲ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义
1．make little progress____________________
2．sufficient language input________________
3．memorise new words______________
4．the best way to learn words____________________
5．learn words in context______________________几乎没有取得进步足够的语言输入记住新单词学习单词的最好方法根据上下文学习单词6．come across some new words__________________
7．in a more natural way________________
8．understand each other____________
9．apart from____________
10．in one way or another________________遇到一些新单词以更自然的方式互相理解除……之外这样或那样地1.recommend vt.推荐；建议 recommendation n．推荐；介绍信I would recommend that you try simplified classic literature, such as short stories and novels rewritten in simple English.(教材P108)
我建议你尝试一下简化的经典文学作品，比如短篇小说和用简单英语重写的小说。[合作探究] I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful friendship.
我想给任何想要体验外国文化并获得有意义的友谊的人们推荐一个交流项目。
I’ll recommend him as her secretary.我要推荐他当她的秘书。
We strongly recommend reporting the incident to the police.
我们强烈建议将此事报警。
I recommend you to think carefully before you do anything foolish.
我劝你在没有做出蠢事之前先仔细考虑一下。
He recommended that we (should) read the novel.
他建议我们读一读那部小说。[自主发现]①recommend sth ____________ sb把某物推荐给某人
② recommend sb ____________ 推荐某人为……
③ recommend ____________ sth 建议做某事
④recommend sb ____________ sth 建议某人做某事
⑤recommend that... 建议……toasdoingto do[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①He recommended the young man ____________ our firm, and it is because of his __________________ (recommend) that we have an excellent worker now.
②His father strongly recommended ____________ (send) him to school in England.
③Doctors strongly recommend that fathers ____________ (be) present at their baby’s birth.
④He recommended me ____________ (change) my way of life.
⑤I’ll recommend him ____________ our guide.torecommendationsending(should) beto changeas2.acquire vt.学习；获得(知识，技能)Very slowly, you will start to acquire the rules and use them without thinking.(教材P109)
慢慢地，你就会开始掌握这些规则，然后不假思索地使用它们。[合作探究]We ought to acquire these qualities from him.
我们应当从他身上学到这些品质。
We should try to acquire good habits at an early age.
我们应该从小努力养成良好的习惯。
He acquired a knowledge of the language by careful study.
他通过认真学习掌握了这门语言。[自主发现]①acquire ____________/bad habits 养成好/坏习惯
②acquire a knowledge ____________ 了解，获得……的知识goodof[巩固内化] 完成句子①The college students must study hard to ____________________________advanced information.
大学生必须努力学习，以获得先进信息技术知识。
②We ought to keep away from bad habits and try to ________________ for ourselves and others.
我们应该远离坏习惯并努力养成对己对人都有好处的习惯。
③It enables us to ________________________________．
它能使我们获得第一手的知识。acquire a good knowledge ofacquire good habitsacquire first-hand knowledge3.be honoured to do sth很荣幸做某事Today, we are honoured to have two special guests with us to tell us about this.(教材P108)今天，我们很荣幸有两位特别的客人和我们一起谈论这件事。短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
be honoured as被授予……的称号
in honour of 为了纪念……
have the honour of (doing) sth 有幸做某事
It’s an honour to do... 很荣幸做……①She is honoured as a model teacher.
她被授予模范教师的称号。
②The monument was set up in honour of the soldiers who died for the country.
为纪念为国牺牲的战士建立了此纪念碑。
③ May I have the honour of inviting you to dinner tonight?
我能有幸今晚请你吃顿饭吗？
④It’s an honour to be invited to the ceremony.
受邀参加典礼是一件很荣耀的事。[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①A ceremony was held in honour ____________ those who had lost their lives in the war.
②I have the honour ____________ (inform) you that you have got the first.
③It’s an honour ____________ (select) to this band.
④I was honored ____________ (meet) many famous players.ofto informto be selectedto meetSection Ⅳ Lesson 3
1．Discussion—What do you know about your memory?
The__answer__is__open.
2．Prediction—Read the title and look at the pictures on Page 58 ～59 and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__the__answers__to__some__of__the__most__common__questions__about__memory.
1．First reading—Read the text and answer the following questions.
(1)How many questions are mentioned in the text?
__Four.
(2)Why are childhood memories are often very emotional?
Because__when__we__experience__things__for__the__first__time,__we__often__have__strong__feelings__of__fear__or__excitement.
(3)When does our memory reach its full power ?
__At__the__age__of__25.
2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)When remembering something new, try to connect it to ________．
A．our knowledge B．our experience
C．our emotions D．our thoughts
(2)Who can remember the first 22，514 digits of pi (π)?
A．Stephen Wiltshire B．Daniel Tammet
C．Jemima Gryaznov D．Hermann Ebbinghaus
(3) When does the sharpest loss of memory occur?
A．During the very early period after learning.
B．During the first three days after learning.
C．During the first week after learning.
D．During the first hour after learning.
(4)How many brain cells do we lose by the age of 40?
A．1，000 B．100，000
C．1000，000 D．10，000
答案 (1)C (2)B (3)A (4)D
3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and fill in the form below.
Questions about memory
Answers
Why can I remember events in my childhood but not what happened last week？
We remember things that have strong connections in our mind, especially ①emotional__connections. Childhood memories are often very emotional. So it is important to connect something new with what we already know. Also, we can try to ②retell__what__we__have__learnt to a few others.
Do some people really have a photographic memory？
A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one has proved that there are people who really have ③photographic__memories. So we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn when memorising ④detailed__learning__materials．
Why do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday？
This is ⑤natural for many people. The sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning. Therefore, one of the golden rules to increase how much we remember is to ⑥review__the__material__periodically,__especially during the first day after learning.
I’m 16, but I sometimes forget things. Is my memory getting worse？
Definitely not. Our memory reaches its ⑦full__power at the age of 25. After this age, however, the brain starts to ⑧get__smaller．By middle age, our memory is significantly worse than when we were young.
1．Thinking and discussing：Are there any answers given by Jemima Gryaznov that are not convincing to you? What are your doubts?
__The__answer__is__open.
2．Make a summary of the text using your own words.
__The__answer__is__open.
记忆相关词
1．sensory memory瞬时记忆，也称感觉记忆
2．short－term memory STM短时记忆，也称工作记忆
3．long－term memory LTM长时记忆
4．imagination想象
5．association联想
6．connection联结
7．series method串联法
8．chain method锁链法
如何整体理解课文
1．By understanding the title and the first sentence of the text.
2．By understanding the first sentence of each paragraph.
3．By understanding the conclusion of each paragraph.
4．By understanding the last sentence of the text.
5．By understanding the structure of the whole text.
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．We remember things that have strong connections in our mind，especially emotional connections.adj.情感上的，情绪上的
2．A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture , a book or an event many years later...adj.详细准确的；照片的
3．This means timely review during this period, with a few revisits to what is learnt, can significantly help us remember the information.adj.及时的__n．重新考虑
4．Therefore, one of the golden rules to increase how much we remember is to review the material periodically, especially during the first day after learning.v.复习__adv.定期地
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．emotional connections情感联结
2．for the first time第一次
3．as a result结果
4．a photographic memory过目不忘的记忆
5．be curious about对……感到好奇
6．review the material periodically定期复习材料
7．build stronger memories建立更强的记忆
8．by the age of 40到40岁时
9．take it easy别紧张；放松点
10．make good use of充分利用
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．what引导宾语从句
It is important to connect it with what we already know.
2．that引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句
A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．Those cells (细胞) divide and give many other different types of cells.
2．I was approaching a fairly __sharp (急剧的) bend that swept downhill to the left.
3．A couple of other points about memorisation(记忆) are also very important for language learning.
4．What memories do you have about your childhood(童年)?
5．There are so much to learn, so much excitement(兴奋) in this world.
6．What do you think of this arrangement (arrange)?
7．We understand the terrible emotional (emotion) stress you have gone through.
8．Therefore, the funding for the park and museum should be increased significantly (significant)．
9．Each couple came for an interview about three months before their wedding, and then periodically (periodical ) afterward.
10．Due to your timely (time) help and encouragement, I managed to solve all the problems.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．All singers kept together.As__a__result(作为结果), their performance was successful.
2．Take__it__easy(放轻松)when you are on the stage.
3．I remember seeing the ocean for__the__first__time(第一次)．
4．Everyone is__curious__about (对……感到好奇) you, and everyone wants to get to know new people.
5．We must make__good__use__of(充分利用)every minute in class.
6．I can take up__to(多达)four people in my car.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.
这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。
[仿写] 这是因为地球的表面是圆的而不是平的。
This__is__because the surface of the earth is not flat but round.
2．When remembering something new, try to connect it to our emotions.
当记忆新事物时，试着把它和我们的情绪联系起来。
[仿写] 一看到妈妈，小女孩就丢下玩具向她跑去。
When__seeing__her__mother,__the little girl dropped her toy and rushed to her.
3．It is important to connect it with what we already know.
把它与我们已知的联系起来是很重要的。
[仿写] 多练习讲英语是非常重要的。
It’s__very__important__to__practice speaking more English.
记单词
Ⅰ.一言串记多义词
The prisoner was locked in a cell.The cancer cell in his body may invade other parts of the body.And he needed to buy a new dry cell.
那囚犯被关在单人牢房内。他体内的癌细胞可能会侵入身体的其他部位。并且他需要买一节新的干电池。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1．形容词后缀：－al，－ly
emotion (n.)→emotional (adj.)
time (n.)→timely (adj.)
2．名词后缀：－tion, －hood, －ment
memorise (v.)→
memorisation (n.)
child (n.)→childhood (n.)
excite (v.)→excitement (n.)
arrange (v.)→ arrangement (n.)
3．副词后缀：－ly
significant (adj.)→significantly (adv.)
periodical (adj.)→
periodically (adv.)
句型公式
1．“ This is because...” 固定句型。
2．状语从句的省略。
3．“It is＋adj.＋to do sth” 句型。
1.arrangement n．计划；安排 arrange v．安排；整理
facts and arrangements(教材P58)事实和安排
[合作探究] 体会arrangement的用法和意义
They are making arrangements for the party.他们在为晚会做准备。
I’ll make arrangements for someone to meet you at the station.
我将安排一个人去车站接你。
They made an arrangement to meet at the school gate at 3 pm.
他们约定下午三点钟在校门口见面。
[自主发现]
①make arrangements for 安排好……
②make arrangements for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事
③make an arrangement to__do sth 安排做某事,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Let’s make__arrangements__for our trip.
让我们为旅行做准备吧。
②We have finished all__the__arrangements for the party.
我们已完成了晚会的所有准备工作。
③We __made__arrangements__for__her__to be treated by a famous doctor.
我们安排好让一位名医来给她治疗。
④ We could make__an__arrangement__to__meet at 10 o’clock.
我们可以安排在10点钟见面。
2.excitement n．兴奋，激动 excite v．使兴奋；刺激
This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.(教材P58)
这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。
[合作探究] 体会excitement的用法和意义
Then why not go to the city for some excitement?
那你为什么不搬到城市里找些刺激呢？
They jumped up and down in excitement.他们兴奋得跳来跳去。
His eyes were wild with excitement.他眼中流露出极度兴奋的神情。
[自主发现]
① in excitement 兴奋地
②with excitement 怀着激动的心情
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Everyone is in a state of great excitement (excite)．
②Hearing the news that our team won, we all jumped up with excitement.
③The boys were running in__excitement．
男孩们兴奋地跑来跑去。
④Her voice rose higher and higher with__excitement．
由于兴奋，她的声音越来越高。
1.as a result作为结果
As a result, we remember them much better, as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.(教材P58)
结果，我们能更好地记住它们，因为复述事件有助于集中我们记忆中的经历。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
as a result of 因为；由于；作为……的结果
result in 导致；造成
result from 由……引起
①He got up very late today.As a result, he missed the first bus.
他今天起晚了，结果没赶上头班车。
②He was late as a result of the snow.由于大雪他迟到了。
③The bad weather resulted in the traffic jam.坏天气导致了交通阻塞。
④His success resulted from his hard work.努力工作造就了他的成功。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The train was delayed as__a__result__of__ the heavy rain.
由于大雨的缘故，火车晚点了。
②As__a__result,__we have to water the vegetable garden.
因此我们不得不给菜地浇水。
③普遍认为他是因为过度的劳累而得了癌症。
It’s generally believed that his cancer resulted__from the overfull tiredness.
＝It’s generally believed that the overfull tiredness resulted__in his cancer.
＝It’s generally believed that he suffered from cancer as__a__result__of__the overfull tiredness.
2.take it easy放轻松
So take it easy.(教材P60)所以放轻松。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
take one’s time 别着急；慢慢来
take sth seriously 重视某事；对某事严肃对待
take...for granted 认为……理所当然
take...as... 把……当作……
①Take it easy.There must be no problem with that.I believe you can make it.
别紧张，肯定没有什么问题的。我相信你一定能成功的。
②Take your time.You have plenty of time to finish it.
你可以慢慢来。你有足够的时间完成它。
③If you take this assignment, take it seriously and read the instructions.
如果你接受了这个任务，严肃对待它并阅读说明书。
④I take it for granted that parents should do everything for us, which is wrong.我想当然地认为父母应该为我们做好一切，其实这是错误的。
⑤May she also take you as a very important friend?
她也会拿你当很重要的朋友吗？
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Take__it__easy．You’ll feel better soon.
放轻松点。你很快就会觉得好点了。
② They take__their__jobs__seriously and are praised by their boss.
他们对待工作认真，受到老板的表扬。
③Take__your__time. We’ve got plenty of time.
别急，我们有的是时间。
④ However, when it comes to the waste of one hour, one day, we take__it__for__granted．
然而，当涉及到一个小时、一天时间的浪费，我们又不以为然了。
⑤If possible, I’d like to take__you__as__an ordinary online－friend and not to care about anything of you.
如果可以，我愿意选择把你当作一个普通网友，不再关心你的一切。
1.This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.(教材P58)这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。
[句式解读] 句中This is because...意为“这是因为……”，其中because引导的从句在句中作表语，This有时可用It/That替换，指代上文提到的事实。
[用法总结] 其他相关句型
(1)This/That is why...这/那就是……的原因
(2)The reason why...is that...……的原因是……( why引导定语从句)
(3)The reason that/which...is that...……的理由是……(that/ which引导定语从句)
①Tom was absent from class.That was because he was ill.
汤姆没来上课，那是因为他病了。
②Tom was ill.This was why he was absent from class.
汤姆病了，这就是他缺课的原因。
③The reason why Tom was absent from class was that he was ill.
汤姆没来上课的原因是他生病了。
④The reason that/which Tom made up for being absent from class was that he was ill.汤姆编造的他没来上课的理由是他生病了。,[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Lily overslept this morning.That is why she was late for work.
②He has heart disease.That is because he has been smoking too much.
③The reason why he was late for the meeting was __that he was held up by a traffic jam during the rush hour.
④ The reason that/which he gave for his being late was that he got up late.
2.It is important to connect it with what we already know.(教材P60)把它与我们已知的联系起来是很重要的。
[句式解读]
句中It is important to connect...为“It is＋adj.＋ to do sth” 句型，其中It为形式主语，而不定式短语 to do sth为真正的主语。
[用法拓展] 该句型可以拓展为两种形式：
(1)It is＋adj.＋( for sb) to do sth“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰某件事而不是修饰人的，如difficult，easy, hard, important, necessary, possible等。
①It is easy for people to catch sight of the flying plane.
人们看见飞行中的飞机是很容易的。
②It is illegal for anyone to drive a car without a license.
在没有驾照的情况下，开车是不合法的。
(2)It is＋adj.＋(of sb) to do sth“(某人)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰人而不是修饰某件事的，如kind, brave, clever, stupid, nice, good, silly, careful, naughty等。
③It is clever of you to say so！你这样说可真聪明！
④It’s very careless of you to always make mistakes.
你总是犯错误，真是太粗心了。,[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
① It is difficult to__persuade (persuade) her to stay.
②It is nice for me to have breakfast with you.
③It is very clever of you to work out this question.
④It’s__dangerous__for__children__to__swim in the river.
对于孩子们来说，在河里游泳很危险。
⑤It__is__nice__of__you__to__help him with his English.
你帮他补习英语，真是太好了。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
We remember things that have strong connections in our mind, especially 1.emotional (emotion) connections.We remember interesting and funny stories from our childhood 2.that__are often told again and again.No one has proved that there are such people who 3.really (real) have photographic memories.But there are some people who do have 4.amazing__(amaze) memories.It is natural for many people 5.__to__forget (forget) the new words learnt yesterday.The sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after 6.learning (learn)．Therefore, one of the golden 7.rules (rule) to increase how much we remember is to review the material 8.periodically (periodical), especially during the first day after learning.Our memory reaches 9.its (it) full power at the age of 25.After this age, the brain starts to get smaller.By middle age, our memory is significantly 10.worse (bad) than when we were young.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
汤姆不仅是一位伟大的科学家，而且是一位伟大的数学家。他非常喜欢关于圆周率 (pi) 和数字 (digit) 的数学知识。在业余时间，他会研究直升机(helicopter)飞行时的曲线(curve)。他还记得儿时(childhood)第一次在显微镜下观察细胞(cell)时兴奋(excitement)的情景。在他的一次演讲中，他提到他的父亲是他最感激的人。他爸爸总是对他说：“ 别紧张(Take it easy)! 反思 (review) 你的错误，寻找正确的技巧(technique)，一切都会好起来的。” 有一次，他的腿被一块锋利的 (sharp) 石头击中，是他的父亲及时(timely)把他送到医院的。他还定期(periodically )和父亲谈论自己的情感(emotional)问题。当他重讲(retell)这段记忆(memorisation) 时，眼里充满了泪水。多亏了他的父亲，现在他取得了许多重大(significant)成就，出版(publish)了许多书。
Tom__is__not__only__a__great__scientist，but__also__a__great__mathematician.He__loves__mathematical__knowledge__about__pi__and__digits__so__much.In__his__spare__time，he__would__study__the__curve__of__helicopter__while__flying.He__still__remembered__the__excitement__when__he__observed__the__cells__under__the__microscope__for__the__first__time__in__his__childhood.In__one__of__his__speeches，he__mentioned__that__his__father__was__the__person__he__was__most__grateful__to.His__dad__always__said__to__him__“Take__it__easy!__Review__your__mistakes__and__look__for__the__right__technique，and__all__is__good.”__Once__he__was__hit__in__the__leg__by__a__sharp__stone，and__it__was__his__father__who__sent__him__to__hospital__timely.He__also__periodically__talks__to__his__father__about__his__emotional__problems.His__eyes__were__filled__with__tears__when__he__retold__this__memorisation.Thanks__to__his__father,__now__he__has__made__many__significant__achievements__and__published__many__books.
主谓一致
一、语法一致原则
即主语为单数，谓语用单数，主语为复数，谓语也用复数。 即主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
1．单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了), except, besides, as well as，rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语， 谓语动词仍用单数。
Air as well as water is matter.空气和水都是物质。
No one except two servants was late for the dinner.
除了两个仆人外， 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2．不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。
Serving the people is my great happiness.
为人民服务是我很大的幸福。
When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
3．用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时， 谓语动词用单数。
Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.
每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳。
No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.
没有老师也没有学生开会缺席。
4．若主语中有more than one 或many a/an, 尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词仍用单数。
Many a boy likes playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球。
More than one student was late.不止一个学生迟到。
5．名词如：trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。
His clothes are good.他的衣服很好。
二、意义一致原则
意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。
1．主语中有all, half, most, the rest等， 以及”分数或百分数＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词。
The rest of the bikes are on sale today.剩下的自行车， 今天出售。
60% of the apple was eaten by the little boy.
这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
Most of the apples were rotten.大部分的苹果都是烂的。
2．表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的名词作主语时， 尽管是复数形式， 它们作为一个单一的概念时， 其谓语动词用单数。
Ten miles is a good distance.十英里是一段相当长的距离。
3．(1)通常作复数的集体名词，包括police , people, cattle 等，其谓语动词常用复数。
The British police have only very limited powers.英国警察的权力非常有限。
(2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词，包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等，其谓语动词常用单数。
(3)可作单数也可作复数的集体名词，包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等。
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.委员会决定解雇他。
4．the＋形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人， 作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。
The injured were saved after the fire.受伤的人在火灾后得救了。
三、就近一致原则
就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。
1．由here, there等引导的倒装句中，有时主语不止一个时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。
Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
2．用连词or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also 等连接的并列主语， 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.
学生和老师都不知道这事。
He or you have taken my pen.他或你拿了我的钢笔。
主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致；意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致；就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。
[巩固内化1]
1．My father, together with some of his old friends, has__been (be) there already.
2．More than one answer has__been__given (give) to the question.
3．Laying eggs is (be) the ant queen’ s full－time job.
4．Each man and woman has (have) the same rights.
5．My blue trousers are worn out. One pair of trousers__is__not enough.(be)
6．Many a student has__realized (realize) the importance of learning a foreign language.
[巩固内化2]
1．Most of the students are boys.
2．Most of his money is spent on books.(be)
3．Half of the visitors are from Europe.Half of the fruit is bad.(be)
4．Five hundred dollars is (be) more than he can afford.
5．The policeman is standing at the street corner.The police are searching for him.(be)
6．The young are__(be) the vital forces in our society.
[巩固内化3]
1．Neither Tom nor his parents are (be) at home.
2．Not only I but also David and Iris are(be) fond of playing basketball.
3．Either you or I am (be) going to the teachers’ office after class.
4．There is a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it.There are some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.(be)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．—Is either he or I proud of the job?
—Neither he nor you are．(be)
2．The factory, including its equipment and buildings, was (be) burnt last night.
3．Over 70 percent of the population in this province are__(be) farmers.
4．War and peace is (be) a constant theme in history.
5．Each teacher and each scientist was (be) invited to take part in the conference.
6．Three hours with your old friends seems (seem) to be a short time.
7．On each side of the road grow (grow) a lot of tall trees.
8．Jack，as well as his relatives and friends，is__holding (hold) a party at home now.
9．What I want is an interesting book while what he expects are two cups of coffee.(be)
10．The rest of the novel is (be) very wonderful and instructive.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．This pair of trousers belongs__to my sister.
这条裤子是我姐姐的。
2．More than one student has__made__that__mistake before.
不止一个学生以前犯过这样的错误。
3．The wounded are__being__done first aid beside the road now.伤者现在正在路边接受急救。
4．He has eaten up some of the cheese.The rest has__gone__bad．他已经吃完了一些奶酪。其余的都坏了。
5．What he wants is some advice on how to learn English, while what he looks forward to are some English dictionaries.
他想要的是一些关于如何学习英语的建议，而他期待的是一些英语词典。
6．Swimming in the Yangtze River needs__great__courage．
在长江游泳需要很大的勇气。
7．Either you or Jack is__about__to__take__the__place__of the manager.不是你就是杰克即将代替经理的职位。
8．The class are__busy__working on the exercises at the moment.这个班现在正忙着做练习。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I have told him about the arrangement(安排)of the meeting.
2．She spent all of her childhood(童年)and adolescence in the countryside.
3．In the summer, when we returned to Canada, we revisited(重游) this lake at dawn.
4．In many sports physical fitness is not as important as technique(技巧)．
5．He published(出版) this book with his pen－name.
6．I cut myself with a __sharp (锋利的) knife.
7．Please retell (复述) the fairy story in English.
8．I really appreciate your timely(及时的) help.
9．So in the photographic (摄影的) profession, I feel very lucky.
10．They offer each other emotional(情感上的) support.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I really want you to share my excitement (excite) and happiness with me.
2．His memorisation (memorise) of vocabularies is well enough to not making mistakes in tests.
3．We have already made arrangements (arrange) for our vacation.
4．As a result, I have a good command of English.
5．Jack, with his parents, intends (intend) to set out for Europe on business next week.
6．It is very wise of him to__read (read) this novel.
7．When staying (stay) at home, I often play chess with my grandpa.
8．Tom was late for work this morning.That is because he overslept.
9．He stared at the girl as if he had seen her for the first time.
10．After __picking (pick) up his things，he hurried to the station.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
I moved from the busy downtown to the countryside around Shanghai when I started elementary school.At first, I thought I was going to hate it, but to my surprise, I found that I preferred the quiet country life over the noisy city life.
The next move was more of a surprise for me.I was having a good time with my friends at school.But all of a sudden, my mom told me that we were going to move to the United States.Can you imagine how I must have felt? My English wasn’t that good, though I did know the basics.
The day I arrived in the US was a snowy day.For a girl who grew up in Shanghai and hadn’t seen real thick snow on the ground, it was a big thing.Compared with my school in China, there were a lot more creative thinking questions, which I was better at anyway.
Time flew by and it had been almost four years since I moved.Then again, I was told we were going to move to Singapore.
As I’m writing this article, I am still new here and have been going to school for about two and a half months.I found out that the education here is quite special.Different from AP system in the US, the Singapore CIS uses the IB system.
This switch drowned me in constant stress.I was confused about the new curriculum, and I knew it would take me a long time to adapt.But what I’ve gotten out of my experience over three countries is that no matter where you are studying, you are always learning.And a piece of advice to people who are going to move around the globe：It’s always best to just roll with it.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己经常转学去不同国家的经历。
1．What did the writer think of life in the countryside?
A．It wasn’t as interesting as she expected.
B．It was no better than city life.
C．She wished she had moved to the countryside earlier.
D．She loved to live in the countryside.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的I found that I preferred the quiet country life over the noisy city life.可知，作者更喜欢住在乡村。故选D。]
2．What did the writer worry about most about before moving to the US?
A．It would be difficult to make new friends.
B．Language would be a big problem for her.
C．She wouldn’t get used to the weather there.
D．She wouldn’t like the schools there.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的Can you imagine...did know the basics.可知，当妈妈告诉作者要去美国时，她想到自己的英语不好。所以她觉得语言是最大的问题。故选B。]
3．What does she say about her school life in Singapore?
A．Creative thinking is more common.
B．Students are asked to do many projects together.
C．Students have more freedom to choose classes than in the US.
D．It is different from the US school system.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第五段中的I found out that...uses the IB system.可知，新加坡的教育与美国不同，故选D。]
4．What is the writer’s attitude towards her worldwide schooling?
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Critical. D．Doubtful.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的And a piece of advice...roll with it.可知，对于那些要到世界各地的人，作者有一条忠告：随遇而安总是最好的。因此可以推断作者的态度还是很积极乐观的。故选A。]
Ⅳ.七选五
When watching a soccer game or basketball match, you might hear people encouraging their favorite team by shouting things like “come on” or “go for it”．Could the Chinese phrase “add oil” also become a frequent cheer at sporting events?
Last month, “add oil”，a direct translation of “jiayou”，was added to the online Oxford English Dictionary (OED)．__1__ It is believed to have originated as a cheer at the Macao Grand Prix(汽车大奖赛)during the 1960s.
__2__“OED is recognizing the legitimacy (合法性)of our English and its potential to be relevant to the anglophone(英语为母语者)world” Wee Lian－hee，professor of language studies at Baptist University’s English Department, told the South China Morning Post.We can certainly reach out and communicate with the world without having to give up on being ourselves.”
So how does a word get into the OED？__3__ New words are also required to have been used over a reasonable amount of before being added.The process of adding words can be long and painstaking.
__4__ Let’s take a look.
Hongbao：A traditional gift of money presented in a red envelope.
Jiaozi：A crescent－shaped (新月形的)dumpling made of thin pastry.
Wuxia：__5__
A．Chinese people are excited that Chinglish phrases like these are gaining recognition.
B．According to Oxford University Press, words can be added as long as they are understood by readers without the need for an explanation of its meaning.
C．Below are some other Chinese words that have been added to the OED.
D．OED is becoming more and more popular in the world.
E．The phrase refers to adding fuel into a vehicle.
F．Chinese slang is causing jokes in our life.
G．A type of fiction or cinema featuring ancient Chinese warriors (勇士)．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍“加油(add oil)”被收录到牛津词典中，一些中国式短语得到承认，这让我们中国人非常兴奋。
1．E [根据上文可知，这个短语被收录到词典中，因此此处介绍一下它的原义。“加油”这个短语本义是往汽车里面加入燃料。故选E。]
2．A [根据下文可知，OED承认了我们所说的英语的合法性，这样我们可以与世界交流而又不用放弃我们自己的说法，因此中国式的短语得到承认令我们中国人感到非常兴奋。故选A。]
3．B [上文是一个问题So how does a word get into the OED？一个词是如何进入到牛津词典中的？那么这个空格处就是回答上文的问题，只要不需要解释意思就能被理解，这样就可以被加入到词典中去。故选B。]
4．C [下文又举了几个例子，来说明被词典收录的中国式短语，此处用来引出下文的这些例子。故选C。]
5．G [此处用来解释前面的词语Wuxia(武侠)，武侠就是中国古代武士题材的小说或电影。故选G。]
Ⅴ.语法填空
As I write this, I’m sitting on a bus back to Santiago in Chile where I am working 1.________ a writer.I’ve just spent the weekend in a city called La Serena north of Santiago.I was lucky enough to see the flowering desert, a natural scene that 2.________ (occur) around every five years here in the Atacama Desert.
3．________ (follow) a particularly large amount of rainfall earlier, a(n) 4.________(vary) of flowers come into blossom.Bright purple flowers create 5.________ unbelievably beautiful scene at the base of the surrounding mountains.
6．________ (have) a look at this wonderful treasure of nature, we took a bus from La Serena to a nearby town and then rented a car to go to the desert.7.________ we saw did not disappoint us, and as expected it was even more fascinating than the pictures we had seen online.The bloom was particularly 8.________ (impress) this year due to the strong presence of El Nino (a band of warm water in the Pacific Ocean that changes the temperatures and increases the rainfall in certain areas)．The vast carpet of color 9.________ spread into the distance towards the contrasting green hills was 10.________(simple) breathtaking and deserved a large amount of photos! A real reminder of the beauty our planet can provide.
【语篇解读】 本文属于记叙文。本文记叙了作者坐在一辆公共汽车上所看到的开花的沙漠。这一壮丽的自然景象，给作者以深刻的印象。
1．as [考查介词。句意：我作为一位作家在那里工作。介词as表示“作为”。故填as。]
2．occurs [考查谓语动词。句意：我幸运地看到了开花的沙漠，这是阿塔卡马沙漠每五年发生一次的自然现象。a natural phenomenon that occurs...本句是定语从句，先行词是a natural phenomenon，在从句中作主语，单数，指物用that，所以谓语动词occur要用单数occurs。]
3．Following [考查非谓语动词。句意：随着年初充沛的大规模降雨。Follow与逻辑主语flowers是主动关系，故要用Following。]
4．variety [考查固定搭配。句意：各类鲜花竞相绽放。a variety of意为“各种各样的”，为固定搭配。故要用vary的名词形式variety。]
5．an [考查冠词。句意：明亮的紫色花创造出一个难以置信的美丽场景。表数量的“一”，形容词unbelievably以元音音素开头，故用an。]
6．To have [考查动词不定式。句意：为了看一眼这壮丽的大自然的瑰宝，我们……。表示目的，用To have。]
7．What [考查主语从句。句意：我们所看到的没有让我们失望。________ we saw本句是主语从句，其中saw缺少宾语，表示看到的东西，故要用What。]
8．impressive [考查形容词。句意：这花特别引人注目(impressive)。这里用形容词作表语。故填impressive。]
9．that/which [考查定语从句。The vast carpet of color 9.________ spread into the distance towards the contrasting green hills。本句是定语从句，先行词是The vast carpet of colour，在从句中作主语，故可以用that /which。]
10．simply [考查副词。句意：那条铺满色彩的大地毯，一直延伸到通往青山的远处，简直令人叹为观止，值得拍大量的照片！用副词simply来修饰形容词breathtaking。]
课件59张PPT。1．Discussion—What do you know about your memory?Section Ⅳ Lesson 3The answer is open.2．Prediction—Read the title and look at the pictures on Page 58 ～59 and predict what the text is probably about.________________________________________________________________________The text is mainly about the answers to some of the most common questions about memory.1．First reading—Read the text and answer the following questions.(1)How many questions are mentioned in the text?
________________________________________________________________________
(2)Why are childhood memories are often very emotional?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________(3)When does our memory reach its full power ?
________________________________________________________________________Four.Because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of
fear or excitement.At the age of 25.2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.(1)When remembering something new, try to connect it to ________．
A．our knowledge B．our experience
C．our emotions D．our thoughts
(2)Who can remember the first 22，514 digits of pi (π)?
A．Stephen Wiltshire B．Daniel Tammet
C．Jemima Gryaznov D．Hermann Ebbinghaus答案 C答案 B(3) When does the sharpest loss of memory occur?
A．During the very early period after learning.
B．During the first three days after learning.
C．During the first week after learning.
D．During the first hour after learning.
(4)How many brain cells do we lose by the age of 40?
A．1，000 B．100，000 C．1000，000 D．10，000答案 A答案 D3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and fill in the form below.emotional connectionsretell what we have learntphotographic memoriesdetailed learning materialsnaturalreview the material periodicallyfull powerget smaller1．Thinking and discussing：Are there any answers given by Jemima Gryaznov that are not convincing to you? What are your doubts?2．Make a summary of the text using your own words.The answer is open.The answer is open.记忆相关词1．sensory memory瞬时记忆，也称感觉记忆
2．Short-term memory STM短时记忆，也称工作记忆
3．Long-term memoryLTM长时记忆
4．imagination想象
5．association联想
6．connection联结
7．series method串联法
8．chain method锁链法如何整体理解课文1．By understanding the title and the first sentence of the text.
2．By understanding the first sentence of each paragraph.
3．By understanding the conclusion of each paragraph.
4．By understanding the last sentence of the text.
5．By understanding the structure of the whole text.语言现象感知Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．We remember things that have strong connections in our mind，especially emotional connections.__________________________
2．A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture , a book or an event many years later...________________________
3．This means timely review during this period, with a few revisits to what is learnt, can significantly help us remember the information.__________________________
4．Therefore, one of the golden rules to increase how much we remember is to review the material periodically, especially during the first day after learning.__________________adj.情感上的，情绪上的adj.详细准确的；照片的adj.及时的 n．重新考虑v.复习 adv.定期地Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义
1．emotional connections____________
2．for the first time____________
3．as a result____________
4．a photographic memory__________________
5．be curious about__________________
6．review the material periodically__________________
7．build stronger memories__________________
8．by the age of 40____________
9．take it easy__________________
10．make good use of____________情感联结第一次结果过目不忘的记忆对……感到好奇定期复习材料建立更强的记忆到40岁时别紧张；放松点充分利用Ⅲ.句式欣赏1．what引导宾语从句
It is important to connect it with what we already know.
2．that引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句
A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories.Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．Those ____________ (细胞) divide and give many other different types of cells.
2．I was approaching a fairly ____________ (急剧的) bend that swept downhill to the left.
3．A couple of other points about ____________(记忆) are also very important for language learning.
4．What memories do you have about your ____________(童年)?
5．There are so much to learn, so much ____________(兴奋) in this world.cellssharpmemorisationchildhoodexcitement6．What do you think of this ____________ (arrange)?
7．We understand the terrible ____________ (emotion) stress you have gone through.
8．Therefore, the funding for the park and museum should be increased ____________ (significant)．
9．Each couple came for an interview about three months before their wedding, and then ____________ (periodical ) afterward.
10．Due to your ____________ (time) help and encouragement, I managed to solve all the problems.arrangementemotionalsignificantlyperiodicallytimelyⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．All singers kept together.________________(作为结果), their performance was successful.
2．________________(放轻松)when you are on the stage.
3．I remember seeing the ocean ________________(第一次)．
4．Everyone ________________ (对……感到好奇) you, and everyone wants to get to know new people.
5．We must ________________(充分利用)every minute in class.
6．I can take ________________(多达)four people in my car.As a resultTake it easyfor the first timeis curious aboutmake good use ofup toⅢ.句式语境仿写1．This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。
[仿写] 这是因为地球的表面是圆的而不是平的。
________________ the surface of the earth is not flat but round.2．When remembering something new, try to connect it to our emotions.当记忆新事物时，试着把它和我们的情绪联系起来。
[仿写] 一看到妈妈，小女孩就丢下玩具向她跑去。
________________________________， the little girl dropped her toy and rushed to her.This is becauseWhen seeing her mother3．It is important to connect it with what we already know.把它与我们已知的联系起来是很重要的。
[仿写] 多练习讲英语是非常重要的。
_____________________________ speaking more English.It’s very important to practiceⅠ.一言串记多义词The prisoner was locked in a cell.The cancer cell in his body may invade other parts of the body.And he needed to buy a new dry cell.
那囚犯被关在单人牢房内。他体内的癌细胞可能会侵入身体的其他部位。并且他需要买一节新的干电池。记单词Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词1．形容词后缀：-al，-ly
emotion (n.)→emotional (adj.)
time (n.)→timely (adj.)
2．名词后缀：-tion, -hood, -ment
memorise (v.)→memorisation (n.)
child (n.)→childhood (n.)
excite (v.)→excitement (n.)
arrange (v.)→ arrangement (n.)3．副词后缀：-ly
significant (adj.)→significantly (adv.)
periodical (adj.)→periodically (adv.)句型公式
1．“ This is because...” 固定句型。
2．状语从句的省略。
3．“It is＋adj.＋to do sth” 句型。1.arrangement n．计划；安排 arrange v．安排；整理facts and arrangements(教材P58)事实和安排[合作探究] 体会arrangement的用法和意义They are making arrangements for the party.
他们在为晚会做准备。
I’ll make arrangements for someone to meet you at the station.
我将安排一个人去车站接你。They made an arrangement to meet at the school gate at 3 pm.
他们约定下午三点钟在校门口见面。[自主发现]①make arrangements ____________ 安排好……
②make arrangements ____________ sb to do sth 安排某人做某事
③make an arrangement ____________ sth 安排做某事forforto do[巩固内化] 完成句子①Let’s ________________________________ our trip.
让我们为旅行做准备吧。
②We have finished _______________________for the party.
我们已完成了晚会的所有准备工作。
③We ________________________________ be treated by a famous doctor.
我们安排好让一位名医来给她治疗。
④ We could ________________________________ at 10 o’clock.
我们可以安排在10点钟见面。make arrangements forall the arrangementsmade arrangements for her tomake an arrangement to meet2.excitement n．兴奋，激动 excite v．使兴奋；刺激This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.(教材P58)
这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。[合作探究] 体会excitement的用法和意义Then why not go to the city for some excitement?
那你为什么不搬到城市里找些刺激呢？
They jumped up and down in excitement.
他们兴奋得跳来跳去。
His eyes were wild with excitement.
他眼中流露出极度兴奋的神情。[自主发现]① ____________ excitement兴奋地
②____________ excitement 怀着激动的心情inwith[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子
①Everyone is in a state of great ____________ (excite)．
②Hearing the news that our team won, we all jumped up ____________ excitement.
③The boys were running ________________.
男孩们兴奋地跑来跑去。
④Her voice rose higher and higher ___________________.
由于兴奋，她的声音越来越高。excitementwithin excitementwith excitement1.as a result作为结果As a result, we remember them much better, as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.(教材P58)
结果，我们能更好地记住它们，因为复述事件有助于集中我们记忆中的经历。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语as a result of 因为；由于；作为……的结果
result in 导致；造成
result from 由……引起①He got up very late today.As a result, he missed the first bus.
他今天起晚了，结果没赶上头班车。
②He was late as a result of the snow.
由于大雪他迟到了。
③The bad weather resulted in the traffic jam.
坏天气导致了交通阻塞。
④His success resulted from his hard work.
努力工作造就了他的成功。[巩固内化]单句语法填空/一句多译
①The train was delayed _______________ the heavy rain.
由于大雨的缘故，火车晚点了。
②________________， we have to water the vegetable garden.
因此我们不得不给菜地浇水。as a result ofAs a result③普遍认为他是因为过度的劳累而得了癌症。
It’s generally believed that his cancer ________________ the overfull tiredness.
＝It’s generally believed that the overfull tiredness ________________ his cancer.
＝It’s generally believed that he suffered from cancer __________________the overfull tiredness.As a resultresulted inas a result of2.take it easy放轻松So take it easy.(教材P60)所以放轻松。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语take one’s time 别着急；慢慢来
take sth seriously 重视某事；对某事严肃对待
take...for granted 认为……理所当然
take...as... 把……当作……①Take it easy.There must be no problem with that.I believe you can make it.
别紧张，肯定没有什么问题的。我相信你一定能成功的。
②Take your time.You have plenty of time to finish it.
你可以慢慢来。你有足够的时间完成它。
③If you take this assignment, take it seriously and read the instructions.
如果你接受了这个任务，严肃对待它并阅读说明书。
④I take it for granted that parents should do everything for us, which is wrong.
我想当然地认为父母应该为我们做好一切，其实这是错误的。
⑤May she also take you as a very important friend?
她也会拿你当很重要的朋友吗？[巩固内化] 完成句子①________________．You’ll feel better soon.
放轻松点。你很快就会觉得好点了。
② They _______________________ and are praised by their boss.
他们对待工作认真，受到老板的表扬。
③_________________. We’ve got plenty of time.
别急，我们有的是时间。Take it easytake their jobs seriouslyTake your time④ However, when it comes to the waste of one hour, one day, we _______________．
然而，当涉及到一个小时、一天时间的浪费，我们又不以为然了。
⑤If possible, I’d like to ________________ an ordinary online-friend and not to care about anything of you.
如果可以，我愿意选择把你当作一个普通网友，不再关心你的一切。take it for grantedtake you as1.This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.(教材P58)这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。[句式解读] 句中This is because...意为“这是因为……”，其中because引导的从句在句中作表语，This有时可用It/That替换，指代上文提到的事实。[用法总结] 其他相关句型(1)This/That is why...这/那就是……的原因
(2)The reason why...is that...……的原因是……( why引导定语从句)
(3)The reason that/which...is that...……的理由是……(that/ which引导定语从句)①Tom was absent from class.That was because he was ill.
汤姆没来上课，那是因为他病了。
②Tom was ill.This was why he was absent from class.
汤姆病了，这就是他缺课的原因。
③The reason why Tom was absent from class was that he was ill.
汤姆没来上课的原因是他生病了。
④The reason that/which Tom made up for being absent from class was that he was ill.汤姆编造的他没来上课的理由是他生病了。[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①Lily overslept this morning.That is ____________ she was late for work.
②He has heart disease.That is ____________ he has been smoking too much.
③The reason ____________ he was late for the meeting was ____________ he was held up by a traffic jam during the rush hour.
④ The reason ____________ he gave for his being late was ____________ he got up late.whybecausewhythatthat/whichthat2.It is important to connect it with what we already know.(教材P60)
把它与我们已知的联系起来是很重要的。[句式解读]句中It is important to connect...为“It is＋adj.＋ to do sth” 句型，其中It为形式主语，而不定式短语 to do sth为真正的主语。[用法拓展] 该句型可以拓展为两种形式：
(1)It is＋adj.＋( for sb) to do sth“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰某件事而不是修饰人的，如difficult，easy, hard, important, necessary, possible等。
①It is easy for people to catch sight of the flying plane.
人们看见飞行中的飞机是很容易的。
②It is illegal for anyone to drive a car without a license.
在没有驾照的情况下，开车是不合法的。(2)It is＋adj.＋(of sb) to do sth“(某人)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰人而不是修饰某件事的，如kind, brave, clever, stupid, nice, good, silly, careful, naughty等。
③It is clever of you to say so！你这样说可真聪明！
④It’s very careless of you to always make mistakes.
你总是犯错误，真是太粗心了。[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子
① It is difficult ____________ (persuade) her to stay.
②It is nice ____________ me to have breakfast with you.
③It is very clever ____________ you to work out this question.
④___________________________________ in the river.
对于孩子们来说，在河里游泳很危险。
⑤________________________ him with his English.
你帮他补习英语，真是太好了。to persuadeforofIt’s dangerous for children to swimIt is nice of you to help主谓一致一、语法一致原则即主语为单数，谓语用单数，主语为复数，谓语也用复数。 即主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。1．单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了), except, besides, as well as，rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语， 谓语动词仍用单数。Air as well as water is matter.空气和水都是物质。
No one except two servants was late for the dinner.
除了两个仆人外， 没有一个人迟来用餐。2．不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。Serving the people is my great happiness.
为人民服务是我很大的幸福。
When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。3．用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时， 谓语动词用单数。Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.
每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳。
No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.
没有老师也没有学生开会缺席。4．若主语中有more than one 或many a/an, 尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词仍用单数。Many a boy likes playing basketball.
许多男生都喜欢打篮球。
More than one student was late.
不止一个学生迟到。5．名词如：trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。His clothes are good.他的衣服很好。主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致；意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致；就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。[巩固内化1]1．My father, together with some of his old friends, ____________ (be) there already.
2．More than one answer ____________ (give) to the question.
3．Laying eggs ____________ (be) the ant queen’ s full－time job.
4．Each man and woman ____________ (have) the same rights.
5．My blue trousers ____________ worn out. One pair of trousers____________not enough.(be)
6．Many a student ____________ (realize) the importance of learning a foreign language.has beenhas been givenishasareishas realized二、意义一致原则意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。
1．主语中有all, half, most, the rest等， 以及”分数或百分数＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词。The rest of the bikes are on sale today.剩下的自行车， 今天出售。
60% of the apple was eaten by the little boy.
这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
Most of the apples were rotten.大部分的苹果都是烂的。2．表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的名词作主语时， 尽管是复数形式， 它们作为一个单一的概念时， 其谓语动词用单数。Ten miles is a good distance.
十英里是一段相当长的距离。3．(1)通常作复数的集体名词，包括police , people, cattle 等，其谓语动词常用复数。
The British police have only very limited powers.英国警察的权力非常有限。
(2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词，包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等，其谓语动词常用单数。
(3)可作单数也可作复数的集体名词，包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等。
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.委员会决定解雇他。4．the＋形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人， 作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。
The injured were saved after the fire.受伤的人在火灾后得救了。[巩固内化2]1．Most of the students ____________ boys.
2．Most of his money ____________ spent on books.(be)
3．Half of the visitors ____________ from Europe.Half of the fruit ____________ bad.(be)
4．Five hundred dollars ____________ (be) more than he can afford.
5．The policeman ____________ standing at the street corner.The police ____________ searching for him.(be)
6．The young ____________ (be) the vital forces in our society.areisareisisisareare三、就近一致原则就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。1．由here, there等引导的倒装句中，有时主语不止一个时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.
给你一支钢笔和几张纸。2．用连词or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also 等连接的并列主语， 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.
学生和老师都不知道这事。
He or you have taken my pen.
他或你拿了我的钢笔。[巩固内化3]1．Neither Tom nor his parents ____________ (be) at home.
2．Not only I but also David and Iris ____________(be) fond of playing basketball.
3．Either you or I ____________ (be) going to the teachers’ office after class.
4．There ____________ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it.There ____________ some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.(be)areareamisareSection Ⅴ The rest parts of the unit(P62～70)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．When you have a realization, write it down in your journal(日记)．
2．Moreover(此外), we can help each other in the journey.
3．My roommate and I split__(分摊)the bills every month.
4．What do you think of your proficiency(proficient)in written and spoken English?
5．After days of reflection (reflect), she decided to write back.
6．All surfaces are provided with highly reflective (reflect) coatings.
7．We like to eat fish and other seafood(海鲜)．
8．Mr.Singh said he was pleased with the outcome(结果)．
9．However, we have no evidence (evident) against him.
10．I like watching surfing (surf) competitions.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．John made__an__effort(努力) to finish his work today.
2．She tried to fit__in__(融入)with the others，but it was difficult.
3．We should make__the__best__use__of (充分利用)our time to study.
4．We all insisted__on(坚持)his coming with us.
5．Tom is quite used__to(习惯于)doing this kind of job.
6．You know how many people on__average(平均)read one copy?
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．Getting to know the secrets of our memory means not only to learn the facts about it, but also the ways to improve it.
了解我们记忆的秘密不仅意味着了解有关它的事实，而且意味着改进它的方法。
[仿写] 莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。
Shakespeare was not__only a writer but__(also) an actor.
2．I’ve found it difficult to make friends here.我发现在这里很难交到朋友。
[仿写] 我发现学习英语口语很重要。
I found__it__important__to__learn__spoken__English．
记单词
1．名词后缀：－cy, －tion, －ence
①proficient (adj.)→proficiency
②fluent (adj.)→fluency
③reflect (v.)→reflection
④concentrate (v.)→concentration
⑤evident (adj.)→evidence
2．形容词后缀：－ive
①reflect (v.)→reflective
②attract (v.)→attractive
③sense (v.)→sensitive
3．合成词一族
①more＋over→moreover
②sea＋food→seafood
③out＋come→outcome
句型公式
1．not only...but also...结构。
2．find it＋adj.＋to do...结构。
1.reflection n．沉思；想法；反射 v．仔细思考；表达；反映；反射
A LEARNING REFLECTION(教材P62)学习反思
[合作探究] 体会reflection 的用法和意义
He didn’t speak much, but what he said affords much food for reflection.
他的话虽然不多，却耐人寻味。
Walking along the street, he was lost in reflection so that he almost ran against a passer－by.
当他在街上散步时，他陷入沉思，差点撞到了一个过路人。
On reflection, he agreed to lend them the money.
经过思考后，他同意把钱借给他们。
[自主发现]
①be lost in reflection 陷入深思中
②on reflection 再三考虑
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①He admired his reflection (reflect) in the mirror.
②She was lost __in reflection , and did not seem to notice that everyone was looking at her.
③She decided, on reflection, to accept the offer.
2.split v．分摊；分离；离开；分解
In my country, we usually split the bill and everyone pays their own share.(教材P65)在我的国家，我们通常平分账单，每个人都付自己的一份。
[合作探究] 体会split的用法和意义
They split the cost of the party between them.他们两人分担了宴会的费用。
She split the class into groups of four.她按四人一组把全班分成若干小组。
The singer split with his wife last June.那位歌手去年六月份和妻子分手了。
[自主发现]
①split...into... 把……分成……
②split with 与……断绝关系
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①John has just split up with his girlfriend.
②I decided to split the class into__three groups and teach them in turn.
③Jordan split with his 1st wife after 17 years in 2006.
3.fit in融入；适应，适合；装配好
Living in a foreign country sounds exciting, but it’s not always easy to fit in with another culture. (教材P65)
生活在外国听起来很刺激，但是融入另一种文化并不总是那么容易。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
fit in with 适应……；与……一致
keep fit 保持健康
be fit for 适合
be fit to do 适合于……
①How are you fitting in with your new colleagues in your new job?
你在新的工作岗位上与新的同事合得来吗？
②It can not only help us keep fit but also improve our mood.
它不仅能帮助我们保持健康，而且改善了我们的心情。
③He isn’t fit for his work.他不适合做这项工作。
④The food isn’t fit to eat.这食物不好吃。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①This information does not fit__in__with what I was told yesterday.
这消息和我昨天听到的不一致。
② I joined the club but did not fit__in．我参加了那个俱乐部，但并不是太适应。
③I will give you some advice about how to lose weight and keep__fit．我将给你提一些关于如何减肥、保持健康的建议。
④ I wonder if my idea is__fit__for your plan？不知道我的想法是否适合你的计划？
⑤The spring here is__fit__to drink.
这儿的泉水适合饮用。
4.make an effort努力；作出努力
That is to say, most of us will have to make an effort when trying to remember things.(教材P62)
也就是说，我们中的大多数人在试图记住一些事情的时候都会付出努力。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
make every effort to do sth 尽力做某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事
without effort 毫不费力
①She made every effort to be a good student.她努力要做个好学生。
②We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
③He lifted the big rock without effort.
他毫不费力地举起了这块大石头。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①She made__every__effort__to__ get it.
她努力想得到它。
②Everyone ought to have a will and spare__no__effort__to achieve your aim.每个人都应该有一种意志和不遗余力地实现你的目标。
③She lifted the bag without__effort．她不费力就把包提了起来。
④It shows that if you make__an__effort__to__change,__you can.
这一事实表明，如果你努力去改变，就一定可以做到。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The water is so clear that you can see your __reflection(映像)in it.
2．Moreover(此外)，I will thank all the people who helped me.
3．We write journals(日记), remembering with words.
4．You can choose contents that are light－hearted and funny or more serious and reflective(深思的)．
5．I would rather pay for a meal than watch nine friends split(分摊)a bill.
6．The gap(差距)between the rich and the poor has widened.
7．We are identical(完全相同的)in our views of what should be done.
8．Grodin is a fine comic(滑稽的)actor.
9．Via the Internet, we can be exposed(使接触)to infinite information.
10．I have read many detective fictions(小说)．
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．He plays not__only the piano but__also the violin.
他不仅弹钢琴， 也拉提琴。
2．I found__it__difficult__to__understand__the point of his speech.
我发现要了解他演讲的主旨是非常困难的。
3．Our office fits__in__beautifully__with its surroundings.
我们的办公室跟周围的环境很协调，显得很漂亮。
4．On__reflection,__I decide that I do believe them.
我沉思了一下，确定我真的相信他们。
5．I will make__an/every__effort__to arrive on time.
我将尽一切努力准时到达。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
As summer turns to fall and parents are buying children their new backpacks, it is time to think of how our schools work and whether they are inspiring true learning.The schools of today are largely those of our great－grandparents.While white boards may have replaced blackboards and DVDs are used instead of projectors, schoolroom atmosphere is remarkably unchanged.Teachers deliver inert (无活力的) information to eager and empty minds who will soon lose what Ellen Galinsky described as the “fire__in__their__eyes”．
Our view of learning is trapped in the learning illusion (错误观念) that content is all that matters.Of course, content is important.Who would not want to have the multiplication tables memorized? But content is constantly changing.Pluto? No longer a planet.If memorization of content is everything, children’s knowledge will be out of date.Classrooms at all levels need to emphasize “the six C’s”： content, collaboration, communication, confidence (risk－taking), critical thinking and creative innovation (创新)．
Our approach to the economic threats we see on our borders is to push for 19th century memorization in a 21st century world.Yet the facts will be as close at the Google generation’s fingertips.We need to teach our children how to learn, and how Sally and Pedro can together figure out how to use technology to understand why some trees never lose their leaves while others do.We need John and Qonick to argue about the best way to solve that math problem, rather than just listen to what the teacher tells them.Today’s schools should be active places where kids are actually thinking together about problem－solving.
None of this is to say that children cannot learn in school.They can.But children are often expected to sit still, listen and repeat disembodied content.The “keys to the kingdom” of the 21st century will go to those who love to learn and can transform their knowledge in innovative ways.
【语篇解读】 在学校教育中，记住知识固然重要，但是合作学习并创造性地运用知识是新时期学生应该具备的能力。
1．The underlined part “fire in their eyes” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．
A．desire for knowledge
B．determination to succeed
C．anger shown to the teachers
D．patience for the exam results
答案 A [词义猜测题。根据画线部分前面的“Teachers deliver inert (无活力的) information to eager and empty minds”和“lose”可以推知，画线部分指孩子们“求知的欲望”。]
2．Why does the author mention “Pluto” in the second paragraph?
A．To explain the meaning of the planet.
B．To emphasize the school education.
C．To show knowledge is changeable.
D．To advise children to work hard.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“But content is constantly changing.”可以推知，此处提到冥王星的目的是说明知识是多变的。]
3．Who does the Google generation refer to?
A．Scientists in the 19th century.
B．The students in the 21st century.
C．Famous people in the 20th century.
D．Experienced teachers in the world.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前三句可以推知，Google generation指二十一世纪的学生。]
4．It can be concluded from the text that ________．
A．students should sit still in the classroom
B．it is better for children to learn at home
C．creative learning is very important now
D．white boards can’t be used at school
答案 C [推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可以推知，在二十一世纪创造性学习很重要。]
Ⅳ.完形填空
Learning to share, even when it’s hard, is a basic skill to teach children, right? One mom thinks __1__．
When Alanya Kolberg took her son Carson to the park, at least six other boys rushed at him, asking him to __2__ his toys.As the boys __3__ the Transformer, truck, and Minecraft figure, Kolberg told her frightened son that he could say __4__．The boys looked to Kolberg, feeling __5__ that her son wouldn’t share.But she told them that __6__ he wanted to share, he would.
Kolberg asks anyone who doesn’t understand her __7__ to take a different perspective.“Whose manners are __8__ here？” she writes.“The person __9__ to give his 3 toys away to 6 strangers, or the 6 strangers demanding to be given something that doesn’t __10__ to them, even when the owner is __11__ uncomfortable？”
But the mom wasn’t __12__ other kids for being demanding.Instead, she wanted to teach Carson how to __13__ himself when he’s being bullied (欺负)．“The __14__ is to teach our children how to fun_ction as adults，” she writes.“While I do know some adults who never learned how to share as children, I know far more who are __15__ to say no to people.They don’t know how to set boundaries (边界) or how to practice __16__．Myself included.”
After all, Carson does share—just not with __17__ all the time.Actually he’d brought the toys so he could __18__ another friend with them, Kolberg writes.
Most comments __19__ the mom for her behavior.They said it could prevent children from becoming pushovers (易于控制的人)．
If you ask my __20__， I’d say kids should be taught to share, but meanwhile they should be taught to say “no”．
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。我们要教会孩子分享，但同时也要教会他们说“不”。
1．A.differently B．strangely
C．interestingly D．positively
答案 A [由后文的故事内容可知，Kolberg的想法与众不同。]
2．A.buy B．borrow
C．share D．sell
答案 C [由文章首句及下文多处出现的share可知，那些小孩让Kolberg的儿子跟他们分享他的玩具。]
3．A.displayed B．damaged
C．preserved D．held
答案 D [那些小孩想玩他的玩具，他们应该是把他的玩具拿在手里。]
4．A.thanks B．no
C．sure D．please
答案 B [由下文“her son wouldn’t share”可知，Kolberg告诉儿子他可以选择说不。]
5．A.calm B．bored
C．shocked D．curious
答案 C [那些小孩原本以为Kolberg的儿子会跟他们分享的，知道他不愿意分享后很吃惊。]
6．A.unless B．if
C．though D．since
答案 B [如果他想分享，他会分享的。]
7．A.response B．concern
C．excuse D．movement
答案 A [这里是指Kolberg针对那件事所做出的反应。]
8．A.conventional B．lacking
C．inspiring D．important
答案 B [Kolberg问到底是谁缺少礼貌。]
9．A.offering B．eager
C．unwilling D．forced
答案 C [这里是指不愿意跟六个陌生人分享玩具的人，即Kolberg的儿子。]
10．A.appeal B．turn
C．matter D．belong
答案 D [对这几个陌生的小孩来说，那些玩具不属于他们。]
11．A.suddenly B．slightly
C．obviously D．necessarily
答案 C [由“her frightened son”可知，Kolberg的儿子显而易见感到不舒服。]
12．A.punishing B．disappointing
C．beating D．educating
答案 A [这里是指这位妈妈让儿子说不的意图不是要惩罚那些小孩。]
13．A.take advantage of B．make up for
C．look forward to D．stand up for
答案 D [Kolberg的目的是想教自己的儿子学会维护自己的权益。]
14．A.advice B．benefit
C．goal D．reason
答案 C [“teach our children how to fun_ction as adults”也是Kolberg这么做的目的。]
15．A.shy B．afraid
C．happy D．ready
答案 B [由“They don’t know how to set boundaries”可知，更多的人害怕拒绝别人。]
16．A.self－care B．improving
C．exchanging D．self－doubt
答案 A [这些人害怕拒绝别人，不知道自我爱护。]
17．A.anything B．everyone
C．nobody D．someone
答案 B [Carson确实会跟人分享，只是不会随时跟任何人分享。]
18．A.tease B．win
C．attract D．surprise
答案 D [由Carson会跟人分享的语境可知，他带他的玩具是为了给一位朋友一个惊喜。]
19．A.praised B．questioned
C．forgave D．respected
答案 A [由“They said it could prevent children from becoming pushovers”可知，大部分人都称赞Kolberg的做法。]
20．A.action B．place
C．tip D．opinion
答案 D [“I’d say kids should be taught to share, but meanwhile they should be taught to say ‘no’”是作者的观点。]
课件19张PPT。Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．When you have a realization, write it down in your ____________(日记)．
2．____________(此外), we can help each other in the journey.
3．My roommate and I ____________(分摊)the bills every month.
4．What do you think of your ____________(proficient)in written and spoken English?
5．After days of ____________ (reflect), she decided to write back.
6．All surfaces are provided with highly ____________ (reflect) coatings.Section Ⅴ The rest parts of the unit(P62～70)journalMoreoversplitproficiencyreflectionreflective7．We like to eat fish and other ____________(海鲜)．
8．Mr.Singh said he was pleased with the ____________(结果)．
9．However, we have no ____________ (evident) against him.
10．I like watching ____________ (surf) competitions.seafoodoutcomeevidencesurfingⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．John ________________(努力) to finish his work today.
2．She tried to ________________(融入)with the others，but it was difficult.
3．We should __________________ (充分利用)our time to study.
4．We all ________________(坚持)his coming with us.
5．Tom ____________ quite ____________(习惯于)doing this kind of job.
6．You know how many people ________________(平均)read one copy?made an effortfit inmake the best use ofinsisted onisused toon averageⅢ.句式语境仿写1．Getting to know the secrets of our memory means not only to learn the facts about it, but also the ways to improve it.了解我们记忆的秘密不仅意味着了解有关它的事实，而且意味着改进它的方法。
[仿写] 莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。
Shakespeare was ________________ a writer ____________ an actor.not onlybut (also)2．I’ve found it difficult to make friends here.我发现在这里很难交到朋友。
[仿写] 我发现学习英语口语很重要。
I ______________________________________.found it important to learn spoken English1．名词后缀：-cy, -tion, -ence①proficient (adj.)→proficiency
②fluent (adj.)→fluency
③reflect (v.)→reflection
④concentrate (v.)→concentration
⑤evident (adj.)→evidence记单词2．形容词后缀：-ive
①reflect (v.)→reflective
②attract (v.)→attractive
③sense (v.)→sensitive
3．合成词一族
①more＋over→moreover
②sea＋food→seafood
③out＋come→outcome句型公式1．not only...but also...结构。
2．find it＋adj.＋to do...结构。A LEARNING REFLECTION(教材P62)学习反思1.reflection n．沉思；想法；反射 v．仔细思考；表达；反映；反射[合作探究] 体会reflection 的用法和意义He didn’t speak much, but what he said affords much food for reflection.
他的话虽然不多，却耐人寻味。
Walking along the street, he was lost in reflection so that he almost ran against a passer-by.当他在街上散步时，他陷入沉思，差点撞到了一个过路人。
On reflection, he agreed to lend them the money.
经过思考后，他同意把钱借给他们。[自主发现]①be lost ____________ reflection陷入深思中
②____________ reflection 再三考虑[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①He admired his ____________ (reflect) in the mirror.
②She was lost ____________ reflection , and did not seem to notice that everyone was looking at her.
③She decided, ____________ reflection, to accept the offer.inonreflectioninon2.split v．分摊；分离；离开；分解In my country, we usually split the bill and everyone pays their own share.(教材P65)
在我的国家，我们通常平分账单，每个人都付自己的一份。[合作探究] 体会split的用法和意义
They split the cost of the party between them.他们两人分担了宴会的费用。
She split the class into groups of four.她按四人一组把全班分成若干小组。
The singer split with his wife last June.那位歌手去年六月份和妻子分手了。[合作探究] 体会split的用法和意义
They split the cost of the party between them.
他们两人分担了宴会的费用。
She split the class into groups of four.
她按四人一组把全班分成若干小组。
The singer split with his wife last June.
那位歌手去年六月份和妻子分手了。[自主发现]①split...into... 把……分成……
②split with 与……断绝关系[巩固内化] 单句语法填空①John has just split up ____________ his girlfriend.
②I decided to split the class ____________ three groups and teach them in turn.
③Jordan split ____________ his 1st wife after 17 years in 2006.withintowith3.fit in融入；适应，适合；装配好Living in a foreign country sounds exciting, but it’s not always easy to fit in with another culture. (教材P65)
生活在外国听起来很刺激，但是融入另一种文化并不总是那么容易。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语fit in with 适应……；与……一致
keep fit 保持健康
be fit for 适合
be fit to do 适合于……①How are you fitting in with your new colleagues in your new job?
你在新的工作岗位上与新的同事合得来吗？
②It can not only help us keep fit but also improve our mood.
它不仅能帮助我们保持健康，而且改善了我们的心情。
③He isn’t fit for his work.
他不适合做这项工作。
④The food isn’t fit to eat.
这食物不好吃。[巩固内化] 完成句子①This information does not ________________ what I was told yesterday.
这消息和我昨天听到的不一致。
② I joined the club but did not ________________．
我参加了那个俱乐部，但并不是太适应。
③I will give you some advice about how to lose weight and ________________．
我将给你提一些关于如何减肥、保持健康的建议。
④ I wonder if my idea ________________ your plan？
不知道我的想法是否适合你的计划？
⑤The spring here ________________ drink.
这儿的泉水适合饮用。fit in withfit inkeep fitis fit foris fit to4.make an effort努力；作出努力That is to say, most of us will have to make an effort when trying to remember things.(教材P62)
也就是说，我们中的大多数人在试图记住一些事情的时候都会付出努力。[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语make every effort to do sth 尽力做某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事
without effort 毫不费力①She made every effort to be a good student.
她努力要做个好学生。
②We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
③He lifted the big rock without effort.
他毫不费力地举起了这块大石头。[巩固内化] 完成句子①She _____________________ get it.
她努力想得到它。
②Everyone ought to have a will and _________________ achieve your aim.
每个人都应该有一种意志和不遗余力地实现你的目标。
③She lifted the bag _______________.
她不费力就把包提了起来。
④It shows that if you _________________________, you can.
这一事实表明，如果你努力去改变，就一定可以做到。made every effort tospare no effort towithout effortmake an effort to changeSection Ⅵ Writing——学习反思
本单元的写作项目属于新课标中应用文体类别中的学习反思。学习反思属于应用文，一般是用简洁、生动的语言把对所学知识的反思准确、完整地表达出来，以使自己能有所提高。学习反思主要包括对过去知识的反思、反思从中学到了什么、如何提高自己。
Ⅰ.Pre－writing
(Ⅰ)Learn to write after the model
My reflection on “The Secrets of Your Memory”
“The Secrets of Your Memory” has helped me better understand how my memory works.Before reading the text, I did’t know that there are so many interesting things about our memory.
Now I understand why we remember the events in childhood better than those that happened recently.I also learnt some people have amazing memories.These people can remember things better than most others.For me, it’s good to know that no one has a photographic memory.That is to say, most of us will have to make an effort when trying to remember things.What’s more, it is amazing to know how a person’s memory changes with age.Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25! Isn’t that surprising? This means my memory is at its best state at the moment.I should make the best use of it.,
Getting to know the secrets of our memory means learning not only the facts about it, but also the ways to improve it.I think I will follow the advice provided and try to strengthen my memory.When acquiring new knowledge, I’ll try to make connections with what I have already learnt.Moreover, I must also learn to do “spaced review”， especially during the first day after learning.For example, this means going over what I’ve learnt soon after learning and before going to bed.In addition, it is important for me to make plans for the work I need to do.I’m sure these methods will help me improve my learning.,
篇章结构
The first part：the reflection on my past knowledge about memory
The second part：the reflection on what I learnt from the lesson
The third part：what I can do to improve my memory
(Ⅱ)Preparation for writing—Words and phrases
①understand v．理解；明白
②memory__ n. 记忆，记忆力
③interesting adj. 有趣的
④remember v. 记得；牢记
⑤recently adv. 最近
⑥amazing adj. 令人惊异的
⑦effort n. 努力
⑧power n. 力量，能力
⑨surprising adj. 令人惊讶的
⑩improve v. 改善；增进
?method n. 方法
?that__is__to__say 就是；即
?__at__the__moment 此刻；当时
?make__the__best__use__of 充分利用
?__moreover adv. 而且；此外
?__in__addition__ 另外；此外
Ⅱ.While－writing
你读过《少年维特的烦恼》吗？年轻的维特来到一个小镇，这里的自然风光、淳朴的民风、天真快乐的儿童给予他极大的快乐。一次舞会上他认识了一个叫绿蒂的少女，她的一颦一笑、一举一动都让他倾倒；绿蒂也喜欢他，却不能予以爱的回报，她已与维特好友订婚。维特陷入了尴尬和痛苦，他毅然离开此地，力图从事业上得到解脱，有所成就，然而鄙陋的环境、污浊的人际关系、压抑个性窒息自由的现存秩序，都使他无法忍受，当他怀才不遇地重返绿蒂身边时，发现绿蒂已结婚，决定以死殉情，遂用一支手枪结束了自己的生命。读完之后你有什么收获，根据你的思考写一篇学习反思。
注意：1.词数150左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Step 1 List the outline of the passage.
1．首段：简介书的主要内容及我的感受
2．中段：从书中学到了什么
3．尾段：启发及如何面对生活
Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences.
1．Words and phrases
①loudly__ adv. 大声地
②__bravely adv. 勇敢地
③refuse v. 拒绝
④choice__ n. 选择
⑤attitude n. 态度
⑥fall__in__love__with 爱上
⑦be__lost__in 迷失在……中
⑧even__if 即使；虽然
⑨so__that 为了； 以便
⑩in__fact 事实上；实际上
2．Sentences
①面对爱情，我们应该保持冷静，这样我们才能做出正确的选择。(现在分词作状语；so that引导目的状语从句 )
Facing__love,__we__should__keep__calm__so__that__we__can__make__right__choices.
②有时候，并不是所有的事情都是我们想要的，也许有些事情是我们无法改变的。(部分否定；宾语从句)
Sometimes,__not__everything__is__about__what__we__want__them__to__be,__and__maybe__there__are__some__things__we__couldn’t__change.
Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words.
My reflection on The Sorrows of Young Werther
The Sorrows of Young Werther written by the famous German author Goethe describes that Werther happened to meet Lotte and fell in love with her, butLotte had engaged with another man.Werther loved Lotte very much but he dared not tell his love to her.Finally, he shot himself with his sorrows.When I finished reading this book, I felt sad and sorry about his death.Werther was lost in the world of love, he couldn’t go out and stop loving lotte, and he buried himself in his sorrows.
Now I understand love should be said out loudly and bravely even if we are refused by others.Facing love, we should keep calm so that we can make right choices.Werther is a good man that he didn’t want to break up the relationship between Lotte and her fiance.But others didn’t treat him well.He felt lonely as well as painful.But I don’t think he had to kill himself.Being alive is a great thing.
Sometimes, not everything is about what we want them to be, and maybe there are some things we couldn’t change.However, we can change our attitudes toward life.Werther could make a better choice, but in fact he didn’t.We should choose our lives on our own, but we shouldn’t hurt the people we love.
Ⅲ.Post－writing—polishing the passage
Exchange your passage with your partner, and pay attention to the following points.
□1.Is the format of the learning reflection appropriate?
□2.Are there any spelling mistakes?
□3.Are there any grammatical mistakes like the tenses (时态)?
□4.Does the earning reflection include all the main contents?
□5.Is written English correctly used？
亮点表达
?精彩开头语
1．When it comes to learning, every one is not unfamiliar with it.说到学习，每个人都不陌生。
2．Bullying is a serious problem.Whether it’s verbal, cyber or physical, bullying can change a person’s life in many ways.
欺凌是一个严重的问题。无论是口头上的、网络上的还是身体上的，欺凌可以在很多方面改变一个人的生活。
3．There is no doubt that to learn English well we must master skills in five aspects：listening, speaking, reading, writing as well as translating.
毫无疑问，要学好英语，我们必须掌握听、说、读、写、译五个方面的技能。
?精华结尾语
1．Traditionally, academic ability is an important factor to measure a student.
传统上，学术能力是衡量学生的一个重要因素。
2．I must say that there is no shortcut in learning English.
我必须说学习英语没有捷径。
3．The purpose we learn a language actually is to understand what a foreigner says and convey our ideas to them.
我们学习一门语言的目的实际上是理解外国人所说的话，并把我们的想法传达给他们。
4．I’m sure these methods will help me improve my learning.
我相信这些方法会帮助我提高我的学习。
5．However, we can change our attitudes toward life.
然而，我们可以改变我们对生活的态度。
6．Spread the word about bullying, so it will stop.
传播关于欺凌的信息，这样它就会停止。
写作技巧
1．确定主题句
归纳出要写的文章的几个要点，提炼出一句具有概括性的话。
2．巧用连接词
要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词。
3．句式的多样化
句式就是句子的结构方式，也就是句子的式样或格式。不同的思想内容要用不同的句式来表达；而同一思想内容也可以用不同的句式来表达。句式不同，表达效果也就不同。只有句式多样化，文章才会生动有趣，充满活力。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The proposal was not well thought out；moreover(此外), it would have been too expensive.
2．The cat felt curious when she saw her own reflection(倒影)in the mirror.
3．He enjoys the excitement(兴奋)of travel.
4．The story has attracted worldwide(全世界的)attention.
5．I can’t balance work and home duties effectively(有效地)．
6．I normally(通常)travel by public transport.
7．The novel is regarded as one of the classic(经典的)works.
8．You don’t have to sacrifice environmental protection to promote(促进)economic growth.
9．I should recommend(推荐)it as a useful reference book.
10．Good novels(小说)broaden your horizons.
Ⅱ.选词填空
reflect on, argue with, end up doing, be honored to do, in one way or another, take it easy, be based on, in short, work out, insist on
1．I am not sure whether you have worked__out your holiday plan.
2．Our friendship is__based__on mutual trust.
3．In__short,__they’re active learners.
4．If you don’t know what you want，you might end__up__getting something you don’t want.
5．He insisted__on doing it although I warned him not to.
6．They worry about that students might not have enough time to reflect__on what they have learned in school.
7．I love my country and I am__honored__to have served it.
8．Who would want to argue__with them?
9．Everything on the earth depends on the sun in__one__way__or__another．
10．Just __take__it__easy and tell us exactly what happened.
Ⅲ.语法练习——完成句子
1．She pretended to__be__angry,__but she was not.
她假装生气，却并未生气。
2．Let’s finish doing__the__work together.
让我们一起完成工作吧。
3．I kept studying__English for 1 hour yesterday evening.
昨天晚上，我一直学了1小时英语。
4．Sometimes students put off doing__their__homework until the last minute.
有时学生们会拖延到最后一分钟才做作业。
5．He admitted making__the__mistake．
他承认犯了错误。
6．The thief missed __being__caught yesterday.
那小偷昨天没能被抓住。
7．He advises going__to__see__a__movie．
他建议去看电影。
8．Try to avoid drinking__and__smoking．
尽量避免喝酒和抽烟。
9．To say something is__one__thing,__and to do it is another.
说是一回事，做是另一回事。
10．Each student is__preparing__for the final examination now.
现在每个学生都在准备期末考试。
11．The son, rather than his parents, is__responsible__for the fire accident.
对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母。
12．Not only they but also I am__going__to collect money for the Hope Project.
不仅他们而且我也要为希望工程筹集资金。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
When I was a kid, I was very interested in everything around me.When my friends were crying, I would share that sad feeling.When it snowed, I would go out and walk in the snow.But a busy life made me feel less eager to learn or know as I entered high school.I was a good student getting good grades, but I wasn’t a good friend.However hard it snowed, I didn’t look out of the window any more.Finally, I realized I was self－satisfied and I wanted my old self back again.
Since then, attempts at experiencing and learning new things began.Thanks to this change in attitude, I could participate in the “Japan Future Leaders School” as one of the five representatives of Korea.However, the process was never easy.The selection process was very long and thorough.Many people, including school teachers and parents, were concerned about my choice, saying I’d better focus on my studies.However, I didn’t regret my determination.And while spending three weeks with hundreds of teenagers from around the world, I learned how to be with others and be confident about myself.
After returning to Korea, I came up with an answer to a question that had been worrying me for years—what do I want to do with my life? For this, I started to challenge different things in various fields.I always knew the importance of sharing but to put it into practice was another thing.So I worked as a volunteer to help old and disabled people.
My previous days in high school were full of worries and discouragements.But these wonderful experiences brought me not only a better understanding of various social phenomena (现象) but also a deeper understanding of myself and people around me.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。繁忙的高中生活让作者失去了自我，于是决定尝试新的事物并参加了一个日本的未来先驱学校，从中学会了与人相处以及自信。
1．What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 1?
A．He came across something unpleasant.
B．He was unsatisfied with what he’d got.
C．He used to be both curious and energetic.
D．He felt it hard to get used to the new school life.
答案 C [推理判断题。由第一段“When I was a kid...as I entered high school”可推知，作者原来是好奇和活跃的。]
2．What happened to the author when he decided to attend the “Japan Future Leaders School”？
A．He was well aware of the final result.
B．He made use of all available resources.
C．He went through some mental struggle.
D．He lost the support from others.
答案 D [细节理解题。由第二段“Many people, including school teachers...focus on my studies”可知，当作者决定参加Japan Future Leaders School的时候，周围的人都不支持作者。]
3．How did the author feel when coming back to Korea?
A．He felt clear about his life goal.
B．He felt confused about his future.
C．He felt happy for staying with his family.
D．He felt tired of being asked the same question.
答案 A [推理判断题。由倒数第二段“...I came up with an answer to a question that had been worrying me for years—what do I want to do with my life？”及之后作者的做法可知，回国后作者对一直困扰他的问题——未来想要做什么，找到了答案。]
4．What did the author most probably learn from his experiences?
A．Experience without learning is better than learning without experience.
B．Outside－the－classroom learning makes a big difference.
C．Actions speak louder than words.
D．It’s never too late to learn.
答案 B [推理判断题。由最后一段可知，作者从校园之外的经历中学到了很多东西。由此可推知，他会明白课外的学习是很重要的。]
B
It’s one school where teachers will not be able to send dunces (后进生) to stand in the corner—because every classroom is round.All eight classrooms at the new school are built round.Teachers will stand in the middle with pupils sitting in a circle all around him.And instead of an old－fashioned blackboard, a projector (投影仪) will bounce (反射) words and pictures onto the classroom walls.The $4 million school is being built in the former mining village of Abergwynfi, near Neath, South Wales.
Teachers and architects believe the classroom will be a big success.They believe that the 360 degree classrooms will give pupils a new learning experience and no chance to hide behind their desks in the back row.Neath Port Talbot Council spokesman Gareth Nutt said, “The teacher is in the centre of the classroom among the pupils.No one is at the back of the class and no one is at the front.”The classrooms, all grouped around a circular main building, make it look as if a flight of UFOs has landed in the village.Hi－tech features include windows which open and close automatically depending on the temperature.Local schoolboy Morgan Jones, 10, said, “It looks cool—a lot better than old－fashioned schools.”
Some adults are less impressed.One parent said, “I have lovely memories of going to the old school in the village—it was a happy place with good teachers.The classrooms were square and the desks all lined up in rows with the best children in the front and the worst at the back—what was wrong with that？Everyone knew where they were then.It is not the shape of the classroom that is important but the teacher giving the lessons anyway.”
【语篇解读】 南威尔士建造了一种圆形的教室，这样的教室没有黑板，使用投影仪上课。老师站在中间，学生围着老师坐成一个圆圈，这样就不会造成好学生坐在前排而后进生坐在后排的现象了。
5．When having classes in the new classroom, the teachers can ________．
A．stand in the front of the classroom
B．ask some students to stand in the corner
C．write the words on the blackboard
D．teach without drawing pictures
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“And instead of an old－fashioned...onto the classroom walls.”可知，这里没有黑板，而是借助投影仪把图片和文字反射到墙上的。故D项正确。]
6．The writer wants to tell us ________．
A．why the dunces don’t have to stand in the corner
B．how the teachers will teach in the new classroom
C．what the new kind of classroom will be like
D．what kind of equipment the teachers will need
答案 C [写作意图题。文章主要向我们描述了一种新型的教室布局。故正确答案为C项。]
7．According to the teachers and architects, this new kind of classroom will ________．
A．cost too much money
B．be needed only in villages
C．provide the students the chance to hide
D．become very popular
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Teachers and architects believe the classroom will be a big success.”可知，他们认为这种新型的教室会是一个巨大的成功。也就是说他们认为这种教室将会很受欢迎。]
8．What is the opinion of one parent?
A．The best children had better not sit in the front.
B．The shape of the classroom affects the students.
C．The teachers’ teaching plays an important role in school.
D．The desk shouldn’t be lined in rows.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It is not the shape of the classroom that is important but the teacher giving the lessons anyway.”可知，在一个家长看来不是教室的形状而是教师的教学水平对学生的学习起重要作用。故正确答案为C项。]
Ⅴ.七选五
How to focus on today and do your best
If you want to be successful, then you must appreciate the importance of living in the present.__1__ Here are some tips to motivate you to make the most of the present.
Be grateful for the little things.Start a gratitude journal.__2__ Take time to appreciate the things going well in your everyday life, the things you are thankful for, or the things you accept as normal without thinking about them.
Train yourself to do one thing at a time.Don’t work on too many projects no matter how big your ambitions (抱负) are.__3__ Take it one day at a time, and soon you’ll be surprised at how much you’ve managed to accomplish.
__4__ Remind yourself of where you are by asking yourself, “Is this what I should be doing right now？”， “Am I feeling happy doing this at present？”， “What is the one thing I can do to make today count？” Know your own character well and listen to your feelings.
Schedule some “me time” and make the most of it.Make some time out of your busy schedule to follow a creative hobby, enjoy the beauty of nature or simply some pop culture entertainment.__5__
John Lennon once said, “Life is what’s happening while we’re busy making.” Practice keeping your attention on the here and now.The present moment is where you are—always!
A．Finish one task at a time.
B．Find the good in every situation.
C．Start to do what you enjoy doing.
D．Ask yourself questions to be in the present.
E．Believe in what you are really feeling at present.
F．Always remember that the best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.
G．Not only will it help you relax, but it will also aid you in focusing better on your tasks.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。本文介绍了如何活在当下，做到尽善尽美。
1．F [本空承接上句，进一步说明把握当下对未来意义重大。]
2．B [B项与本段的主旨“对生活中的小事要有感激的态度”呼应。]
3．A [A项与段落首句中的“do one thing at a time”呼应。]
4．D [由本段中的问题以及问题中的right now, at present和today可知，本段的主旨为：问自己一些活在当下相关的问题。]
5．G [G项的it指代上文中的“me time”，用来说明“自我时间”的好处。]
课件18张PPT。本单元的写作项目属于新课标中应用文体类别中的学习反思。学习反思属于应用文，一般是用简洁、生动的语言把对所学知识的反思准确、完整地表达出来，以使自己能有所提高。学习反思主要包括对过去知识的反思、反思从中学到了什么、如何提高自己。Section Ⅵ Writing——学习反思Ⅰ.Pre-writing
(Ⅰ)Learn to write after the model
My reflection on “The Secrets of Your Memory”“The Secrets of Your Memory” has helped me better understand how my memory works.Before reading the text, I did’t know that there are so many interesting things about our memory.Now I understand why we remember the events in childhood better than those that happened recently.I also learnt some people have amazing memories.These people can remember things better than most others.For me, it’s good to know that no one has a photographic memory.That is to say, most of us will have to make an effort when trying to remember things.What’s more, it is amazing to know how a person’s memory changes with age.Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25! Isn’t that surprising? This means my memory is at its best state at the moment.I should make the best use of it.Getting to know the secrets of our memory means learning not only the facts about it, but also the ways to improve it.I think I will follow the advice provided and try to strengthen my memory.When acquiring new knowledge, I’ll try to make connections with what I have already learnt.Moreover, I must also learn to do “spaced review”， especially during the first day after learning.For example, this means going over what I’ve learnt soon after learning and before going to bed.In addition, it is important for me to make plans for the work I need to do.I’m sure these methods will help me improve my learning.篇章结构
The first part：the reflection on my past knowledge about memoryThe second part：the reflection on what I learnt from the lesson The third part：what I can do to improve my memory(Ⅱ)Preparation for writing—Words and phrases①________________ v．理解；明白
②________________ n. 记忆，记忆力
③________________ adj. 有趣的
④________________ v. 记得；牢记
⑤________________ adv. 最近
⑥________________ adj. 令人惊异的
⑦________________ n. 努力
⑧________________ n. 力量，能力understandmemoryinterestingrememberrecentlyamazingeffortpower⑨________________ adj. 令人惊讶的
⑩________________ v. 改善；增进
?________________ n. 方法
?________________ 就是；即
?________________ 此刻；当时
?__________________ 充分利用
?________________ adv. 而且；此外
?________________ 另外；此外surprisingimprovemethodthat is to sayat the momentmake the best use ofmoreoverin additionⅡ.While-writing你读过《少年维特的烦恼》吗？年轻的维特来到一个小镇，这里的自然风光、淳朴的民风、天真快乐的儿童给予他极大的快乐。一次舞会上他认识了一个叫绿蒂的少女，她的一颦一笑、一举一动都让他倾倒；绿蒂也喜欢他，却不能予以爱的回报，她已与维特好友订婚。维特陷入了尴尬和痛苦，他毅然离开此地，力图从事业上得到解脱，有所成就，然而鄙陋的环境、污浊的人际关系、压抑个性窒息自由的现存秩序，都使他无法忍受，当他怀才不遇地重返绿蒂身边时，发现绿蒂已结婚，决定以死殉情，遂用一支手枪结束了自己的生命。读完之后你有什么收获，根据你的思考写一篇学习反思。注意：1.词数150左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Step 1 List the outline of the passage.1．首段：____________________________
2．中段：____________________________
3．尾段：____________________________简介书的主要内容及我的感受从书中学到了什么启发及如何面对生活Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences.
1．Words and phrases①________________ adv. 大声地
②________________ adv. 勇敢地
③________________ v. 拒绝
④________________ n. 选择
⑤________________ n. 态度
⑥________________ 爱上
⑦________________ 迷失在……中
⑧________________ 即使；虽然
⑨________________ 为了； 以便
⑩________________ 事实上；实际上loudlybravelyrefusechoiceattitudefall in love withbe lost ineven ifso thatin fact2．Sentences①面对爱情，我们应该保持冷静，这样我们才能做出正确的选择。(现在分词作状语；so that引导目的状语从句 )
___________________________________________________________
②有时候，并不是所有的事情都是我们想要的，也许有些事情是我们无法改变的。(部分否定；宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
?________________________________________________________________________Facing love, we should keep calm so that we can make right choices.Sometimes, not everything is about what we want them to be, and maybe there are some
things we couldn’t change.Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words.My reflection on The Sorrows of Young Werther
The Sorrows of Young Werther written by the famous German author Goethe describes that Werther happened to meet Lotte and fell in love with her, butLotte had engaged with another man.Werther loved Lotte very much but he dared not tell his love to her.Finally, he shot himself with his sorrows.When I finished reading this book, I felt sad and sorry about his death.Werther was lost in the world of love, he couldn’t go out and stop loving lotte, and he buried himself in his sorrows.Now I understand love should be said out loudly and bravely even if we are refused by others.Facing love, we should keep calm so that we can make right choices.Werther is a good man that he didn’t want to break up the relationship between Lotte and her fiance.But others didn’t treat him well.He felt lonely as well as painful.But I don’t think he had to kill himself.Being alive is a great thing.
Sometimes, not everything is about what we want them to be, and maybe there are some things we couldn’t change.However, we can change our attitudes toward life.Werther could make a better choice, but in fact he didn’t.We should choose our lives on our own, but we shouldn’t hurt the people we love.Ⅲ.Post-writing—polishing the passageExchange your passage with your partner, and pay attention to the following points.
□1.Is the format of the learning reflection appropriate?
□2.Are there any spelling mistakes?
□3.Are there any grammatical mistakes like the tenses (时态)?
□4.Does the earning reflection include all the main contents?
□5.Is written English correctly used？亮点表达?精彩开头语
1．When it comes to learning, every one is not unfamiliar with it.
说到学习，每个人都不陌生。
2．Bullying is a serious problem.Whether it’s verbal, cyber or physical, bullying can change a person’s life in many ways.
欺凌是一个严重的问题。无论是口头上的、网络上的还是身体上的，欺凌可以在很多方面改变一个人的生活。
3．There is no doubt that to learn English well we must master skills in five aspects：listening, speaking, reading, writing as well as translating.
毫无疑问，要学好英语，我们必须掌握听、说、读、写、译五个方面的技能。?精华结尾语
1．Traditionally, academic ability is an important factor to measure a student.
传统上，学术能力是衡量学生的一个重要因素。
2．I must say that there is no shortcut in learning English.
我必须说学习英语没有捷径。
3．The purpose we learn a language actually is to understand what a foreigner says and convey our ideas to them.
我们学习一门语言的目的实际上是理解外国人所说的话，并把我们的想法传达
给他们。4. I’m sure these methods will help me improve my learning.
我相信这些方法会帮助我提高我的学习。
5．However, we can change our attitudes toward life.
然而，我们可以改变我们对生活的态度。
6．Spread the word about bullying, so it will stop.
传播关于欺凌的信息，这样它就会停止。写作技巧1．确定主题句
归纳出要写的文章的几个要点，提炼出一句具有概括性的话。
2．巧用连接词
要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词。
3．句式的多样化
句式就是句子的结构方式，也就是句子的式样或格式。不同的思想内容要用不同的句式来表达；而同一思想内容也可以用不同的句式来表达。句式不同，表达效果也就不同。只有句式多样化，文章才会生动有趣，充满活力。单元综合检测
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man like reading the most?
A．Short stories. B．Poems.
C．Dramas.
2．How is the weather now?
A．Cool. B．Cold.
C．Hot.
3．What does the woman want the man to do?
A．Stop worrying.
B．Write down something.
C．Buy a book for her.
4．What will the man have?
A．Tea. B．Water.
C．Coffee.
5．Which bus should the woman take first?
A．No.5. B．No.8.
C．No.11.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Who is using the woman’s dictionary now?
A．David. B．Lisa.
C．Tom.
7．What is Linda doing now?
A．Using her dictionary.
B．Talking with someone.
C．Memorizing some words.
请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What time is it now?
A．8：30 pm. B．9：00 pm.
C．11：00 am.
9．What will the man probably do next?
A．Pay a late fee.
B．Go out of town.
C．Return a DVD.
请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Who has got the invitation?
A．Joan. B．Bill.
C．George.
11．What will the Marks do tonight?
A．Move their furniture into their new house.
B．Hold a house－warming party.
C．Give out some invitations.
12．What day is it today probably?
A．Tuesday. B．Wednesday.
C．Thursday.
请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How old is the woman now?
A．11 years old. B．20 years old.
C．21 years old.
14．How will the woman probably travel around Europe?
A．By plane. B．By train.
C．By car.
15．Where will the woman visit first from Spain?
A．France. B．Morocco.
C．Portugal.
16．What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A．Friends. B．Relatives.
C．Schoolmates.
请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What does Mr.Jones do?
A．A tour guide.
B．A museum clerk.
C．A head teacher.
18．How long do the students have to work on the projects on a Science Night?
A．3.5 hours. B．7 hours.
C．10.5 hours.
19．What can the students do after breakfast in the morning?
A．Enter a competition.
B．Watch a film.
C．Visit a gallery.
20．What does the speaker expect the students to do?
A．Listen to his next talk.
B．Come to a Science Night.
C．Write reports on Facebook.
(((((
Text 1
W：Tom，do you love reading short stories?
M：Sure.I also like reading poems and dramas.But I love reading short stories the most.
Text 2
M：What about going out for a walk?
W：You must be kidding.It’s too hot for a walk now.Let’s take a walk at dusk.It’ll be cool then.
Text 3
W：Make sure that you buy that book for me at the bookstore.
M：Don’t worry.I’ve written it down.
Text 4
M：Would you please give me a cup of green tea，please?
W：Sorry，but there is only coffee and water left.
M：Then give me a glass of water，please.
Text 5
W：May I ask how to get to the West Hill Park，please?
M：Let me see...Take the No.8 bus and get off after five stops.
W：That’s not far.
M：I haven’t finished.Then take the No.11 bus and get off after ten stops.
Text 6
W：David，would you please give me your dictionary？Here are some new words that I don’t know.
M：Sorry，but Lisa is using mine now.Did you leave your dictionary at home again?
W：No.But Tom is using mine now.He left his at home.He said he needed to use it for about an hour.
M：Then why not ask Linda to lend hers to you？I saw her using it ten minutes ago.And now she’s talking with her friend Mary.
W：OK，thanks.
M：OK.I’ll call my friend Mike and ask him if he can go out and play volleyball with me.
Text 7
M：Hello！I’m calling to find out what time your store closes today.
W：We’re actually closing in half an hour at 9 pm.Tomorrow we’ll be open from 11 am to midnight.
M：Hmm.I won’t be able to make it there in the next 30 minutes，and I need to return a DVD before I go out of town tomorrow morning.
W：We have an after－hours drop box，so you can come by after we close and return the DVD.So you don’t need to pay a late fee.
M：All right.I’ll do that then.
Text 8
W：Hi，Bill.Have you got your invitation yet?
M：My invitation？No，I haven’t.My invitation to what?
W：The house－warming party.
M：Whose house－warming party，Joan?
W：George and Viola Mark’s.They’ve bought a new house in the suburbs.
M：Oh，really？Good for them！Have you seen the house?
W：Yes，I have.There are three bedrooms，a living room，a dining room and a big kitchen.There’s a large garden，too.
M：That does sound nice.Have they moved in yet?
W：I guess they’ll have all their furniture in the house tonight.
M：When are they going to have the party?
W：This Saturday night，just three days from today.I’m sure you’ll get your invitation today or tomorrow.
M：Well，that’ll be something to look forward to.
Text 9
M：I studied in Spain when I was your age.I think you’ll have a great time，Jean.
W：I visited Spain ten years ago when I was eleven，but it will be different this time.I’ll be living with a family and studying at the university.
M：Make sure to travel around as much as you can.You’ll be next to Portugal，France and Morocco，and it is easy to travel around Europe.There are cheap train and plane tickets.You can also rent a car.
W：I hate to fly and I haven’t got a driver’s license，so I think I’ll use the train.Paris will be my first trip out of Spain.
M：And after a few months in Spain，you’ll be studying in England？I’m so jealous.
W：You can always visit me in Europe，Uncle Aaron.It’s always more fun to visit a new place with friends and family.
M：That sounds good.I think I’ll wait until next year and visit you in England towards the end of your trip.That way，you’ll be able to show me around like a local.
Text 10
Good morning，everyone.Thank you—and thanks to your head teacher，Mr.Jones—for inviting me to come in and talk about our special Science Nights at the City Science Museum.I hope some of you will be able to come and take part in our next one.
So，what is a Science Night？Well，you arrive at 7 pm，do lots of interesting activities and then，at 10：30，you go to sleep in the space gallery，camping among the things in the exhibition.In the morning，after breakfast，you watch a film and we give out prizes to people who created the best projects the evening before.Sounds great，doesn’t it?
If you and your parents want to find out more about it，you can become a friend of the museum on Facebook and read reports and see if you like the idea.I hope you do.
Well，thanks for listening to me.I really hope to see you at a Science Night soon.
答案 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9．C 10.A 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.B 17．C 18.A 19.B 20.B
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Blowing our nose, burping (打饱嗝)after dinner and pooping (排便)．..Unpleasant as they are, these things, according to Live Science, make up “the impolite science of the human body”．
Snot(鼻涕)
Snot’s job is to protect our body from harmful viruses.Quite often, dirt, ash, or sand fill the air we breathe.But thankfully, snot stops these unhealthy things, which are taken out of our nose when we blow it.
Apart from protecting our nose, snot can tell us whether we’re healthy or not according to its appearance.When it’s clear and colorless, that’s a sign of good health.If it turns green or yellow, however, it could be a sign that our body is being attacked by a virus.
Gas
From drinking fizzy (起泡的)drinks to eating food, we often breathe in gases like carbon dioxide, which end up in our stomach.Naturally, if we take in too much gas, our stomach will be filled with pressure and we may suffer from pain and cramps(痉挛)．To stop this from happening, burping is an effective way to get these gases out of our stomach.
Occasional burping benefits our body.However, burping too much isn’t a good sign.That’s because it may suggest that we’re suffering from a digestive disorder.
Poop
Pooping is an extremely important fun_ction of the body.Every time we eat the food is passed through our digestive system.Once our body has taken everything it needs from the food, it leaves our body as poop.
And though it’s gross,__checking our poop after we go to the bathroom could tell us more about our health.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，流鼻涕，打嗝，排便听起来很不雅观，但是却是身体不可缺少的部分，本文就介绍了这三种身体现象。
21．What does it suggest if snot is green?
A．There might be dirt in it.
B．It is protecting our nose.
C．You are very healthy.
D．Your body might be fighting a virus.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If it turns green or yellow...by a virus.”可知，如果鼻涕是绿色的，说明身体受到了病毒侵袭。故选D。]
22．What do we know about burping from the article?
A．Fizzy drinks make people burp more than food does.
B．People may suffer from pain or cramps when burping.
C．It makes gases like carbon dioxide leave our stomach.
D．Burping a lot can make digestive disorders go away.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，在吃东西或喝饮料的过程中，人体可能会吸入二氧化碳，当吸入的气体很多时，就会引起胃疼，而打嗝就可以将吸入的二氧化碳排出体外。故选C。]
23．What does the underlined word “gross” in the paragraph probably mean?
A．Unpleasant. B．Unnecessary.
C．Unimportant. D．Unhealthy.
答案 A [词义猜测题。根据下文可知，上完厕所后检查一下粪便会告诉我们更多关于健康的信息，而检查粪便这件事肯定是很恶心，令人不愉快的。因此推断这个词的意思是令人讨厌的，令人不愉快的。故选A。]
B
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling.No school I have ever taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill.There are, however, different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority (优先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability.The problem is how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities (复杂性) of spelling.That’s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content (内容) rather than spelling.
If spelling becomes the only focus of his teacher’s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”．He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a piece of writing about a personal experience.“This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling mistakes and your writing is terrible.” It may have been a sharp comment on the pupil’s spelling in writing, but it was also a sad sign that the teacher had failed to read the composition, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the mistakes, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the spelling would have given the pupil more encouragement to seek improvement.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了关于教导学生拼写的一些问题，但是对于拼写教学，教师们之间也存在分歧，教师们的分歧在于如何进行单词拼写教学，以及拼写教学与培养学生全面的语言能力和写作能力上哪个更具优先考虑权。
24．Teachers are different in their opinions about ________．
A．the difficulties in teaching spelling
B．the complexities of the basic writing skills
C．the role of spelling in general language development and writing ability
D．the necessity of teaching spelling
答案 C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段There are, however, different ideas...complexities (复杂性) of spelling.可知，教师们的分歧在于如何进行单词拼写教学，以及拼写教学与培养学生全面的语言能力和写作能力上哪个更具优先考虑权。故选C。]
25．Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ________．
A．students will have more confidence in studying
B．students will be able to express their ideas more freely
C．students will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
D．students will learn to be independent of teachers
答案 B [细节理解题。文章第一段提到That’s why teachers often encourage...rather than spelling.可知，教师鼓励学生用字典是为了让他们在表达自己的想法时不再受拼写的限制。故选B。]
26．The author seems to think that the teacher’s comment on that piece of writing is ________．
A．fair B．unreasonable
C．amusing D．careless
答案 B [细节理解题。从最后一段It may have...beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.可知，作者认为老师这么做是不合理的，他没有注意到孩子蕴含着美丽表达的深层情绪。故选B。]
27．The major point discussed in the passage is ________．
A．the importance of developing writing skills
B．the complexities of spelling
C．the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition
D．the correct way of marking compositions
答案 C [主旨大意题。根据全文可知，整篇文章是围绕拼写和写作内容的关系。故选C。]
C
There is a paradox(悖论) improving education in America：The system is failing to prepare many kids for success, but we have spent so much on the system that isn’t practical.We have a big influence on teaching and learning within our existing schools：on the playground during recess.
Most elementary school headmasters will tell you that recess is the toughest time of the school day.It’s when most problems happen, and too often problems from the playground come over into the classroom, creating distractions for students.
Americans are usually pretty nostalgic (怀旧的) about recess, but a lot has changed since we were kids.When I was growing up in Washington，D.C., I had the chance to play outside, every day after school, during weekends and all summer long.The older kids taught the younger kids a lot of rules—from how to pick teams to how to quickly end quarrels—and as the younger kids became the older kids, we passed on this culture of play to the generation behind us.
But kids don’t get to play outside and be unsupervised the way we used to.And so when kids come to school, they don’t bring those skills with them.The fights and quarrels that have replaced the recess we remember can be discouraging for kids and educators.
Schools generally put up with the problems on the playground because they don’t know how to deal with them, but it turns out that rescuing recess is pretty easy.All it takes is one grown－up who has a love for play and the skills in creating an environment where students can play happily.
【语篇解读】 很多时候课间休息时间并没有真正起到让孩子们休息和调整的目的，那么如何创设一个愉悦的游戏环境供孩子们的课间休息呢？
28．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．How can kids enjoy their recess
B．Why do kids need recess
C．A misunderstanding about improving education
D．Ways to get rid of the problems caused by students in the classroom
答案 A [标题归纳题。本文讲述了课间休息的重要性以及如何为孩子们创设愉悦的环境从而让他们的课间休息更有意义。故A项做文章标题最恰当。]
29．What do most elementary school headmasters think about the recess time?
A．It will make students too excited in the classroom.
B．It will make students do damage to the playground.
C．It will make teachers discover their students’ problems.
D．It will make students pay less attention to their lessons.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，学生们到操场上玩，会有很多问题发生，并且这些问题在休息时间结束后会延续到课堂上，以至于让学生们分心，影响学业。]
30．In the past, the older kids ________．
A．had no time to play outside
B．often got involved in quarrels with the younger kids
C．could manage the younger kids successfully
D．passed on this culture of play to their parents
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The older kids taught...quickly end quarrels...”可知，过去，年龄大的孩子们教年龄较小的孩子们许多规则，比如如何选组、如何快速地结束争吵等。由此可以推断出，年龄大的孩子能成功地管理年龄较小的孩子。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Here’s my own list of positive reasons to homeschool.
__31__
Most of the homeschooled kids I know have their own particular passions and areas that they can discuss like an expert.Very few of these areas—modern art, Legos and analyzing horror films—are the kind of things students learn about in school.I know from my own school experience that having an offbeat (不寻常的) interest doesn’t win you points from teachers and other students.__32__
It teaches kids how to interact with adults.
__33__ It didn’t help that the only adults I saw all day were always looking down on me and telling me what to do.When homeschoolers interact with adults in the community, they learn how civil people treat each other in public.It’s a kind of socialization most school kids don’t experience until they’re ready to go out into the world.
It also brings parents and kids closer together.
When I was looking into homeschooling for the first time, one of the greatest selling points was heard from parents of the homeschooled students that their teens never felt the need to push them away.__34__ In fact, homeschooled teens are often more ready for adult life than their traditionally schooled peers.
It adapts to the family’s schedule.
No getting up before dawn to take the school bus.No worrying about whether to take a family trip because it means missing classes.__35__ And it gives them the freedom to do the important things in their lives, on their own schedule.
A．Sure, they develop independence.
B．It lets kids show their enthusiasm.
C．Kids can do what they want to do at home.
D．As a kid, I was really shy around grown－ups.
E．It is wrong for them to be late for school every day.
F．Homeschooling allows families to learn anywhere, even on the road.
G．But among homeschoolers, it’s what makes your friends so interested.
【语篇解读】 作者结合个人的体会，介绍了家中教学的各种好处，如它可以加强孩子和成人的交流、拉近孩子和父母之间的感情距离、让孩子学习的时间和方式灵活多样等。
31．B [根据空格下一段的内容可推知，此段谈论的内容与孩子的兴趣爱好有关，故B项符合语境。]
32．G [根据上文可知，可能老师和其他学生对在家受教育的孩子的特殊爱好不赞成。此处表示转折，故选G项。]
33．D [根据本段主旨可知，本段谈到孩子和成人的交流，故D项符合语境。]
34．A [由空后的一句可推知，在家接受教育的孩子较为独立，故A项符合语境。]
35．F [根据下句内容可推知，孩子在家学习的时间和地点都十分灵活，故F项符合题意。]
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There was a boy in India who was sent by his parents to a boarding school.Before being sent away this boy was the __36__ student in his class.He was at the top in every __37__．He was a champion.
But the boy __38__ after leaving home and attending the boarding school.His __39__ started dropping.He hated being in a group.He was __40__ all the time.And there were especially dark times when he felt like __41__ himself.All of this was because he felt __42__ and that no one loved him.
His __43__ started worrying about the boy.But __44__ they did not know what was wrong with him.__45__ his dad decided to travel to the boarding school and talk with him.
They sat __46__ the bank of the lake near the school.The father started asking him __47__ questions about his classes, teachers and __48__．After some time his dad said, “Do you know, son, __49__ I am here today？”
The boy __50__， “to check my grades？”
“No, no，” his dad replied, “I am here to tell you that you are the most important person for me.I want to see you happy.I don’t care about grades.I care about __51__．I care about your happiness.YOU ARE MY __52__．”
These words caused the boy’s eyes to fill with tears.He __53__ his dad.They didn’t say anything to each other for a long time.
Now the boy had everything he wanted.He knew there was someone on this __54__ who cared for him deeply.He __55__ the world to someone.And today this young man is in college at the top of his class and no one has ever seen him sad!
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了是父亲对儿子的爱促使儿子最终在学习上名列前茅。
36．A.richest B．prettiest
C．laziest D．brightest
答案 D [由下文中的“He was at the top ...”和“He was a champion”可知，这个男孩是“最聪明的(brightest)”。]
37．A.game B．school
C．competition D．group
答案 C [由“He was a champion”可知这个男孩在每一次竞赛中都拔得头筹。]
38．A.changed B．died
C．arrived D．regretted
答案 A [紧接着提到他“...started dropping”“hated being in a group”，这都表明他发生了改变。]
39．A.hair B．tears
C．love D．grades
答案 D [此处指的是变化之一：成绩下降。]
40．A.worried B．careless
C．lonely D．busy
答案 C [上一句说“他不合群(He hated being in a group)”，因此感到“孤独(lonely)”。]
41．A.teaching B．killing
C．helping D．enjoying
答案 B [称得上dark times的是“他想自杀(killing himself)”的时候。]
42．A.cold B．worthless
C．well D．sick
答案 B [cold, well和sick都只是身体上的感觉，与“(felt) that no one loved him”同类的感觉是“felt worthless”。]
43．A.parents B．classmates
C．teachers D．companions
答案 A [下文提到男孩的父亲来到学校了解情况，由此可知“开始担心男孩”的是他的父母。]
44．A.even B．now
C．yet D．then
答案 A [此处表示递进关系，用even承接上文。]
45．A.And B．But
C．Or D．So
答案 D [因为不知道儿子出了什么问题，所以父亲决定去学校和他谈谈。]
46．A.toward B．along
C．opposite D．on
答案 D [父子俩坐在河边聊天。此处用on与bank搭配，符合题意。]
47．A.serious B．casual
C．personal D．difficult
答案 B [由下文可知，父亲只是问了儿子一些“随意的”问题。]
48．A.work B．study
C．sports D．education
答案 C [从父亲后面的话可知，他问儿子的问题并没有涉及学习上的事。关于sports的问题属于“随意的问题”。]
49．A.when B．where
C．how D．why
答案 D [从男孩的答话“to check my grades？”可以判断出父亲问的问题是“why I am here today？”。]
50．A.turned away B．answered back
C．whispered softly D．cried out
答案 B [男孩的回答用的是疑问语气，由此可判断他只是对父亲的问题进行了询问式的回答。]
51．A.it B．you
C．myself D．us
答案 B [父亲说他“不关心成绩，只关心你的幸福，”所以这两句话中间应该是“我只关心你”。]
52．A.LIFE B．ANXIETY
C．CARE D．NEED
答案 A [父亲想看到自己的儿子快乐，所以符合其心境的表达是“YOU ARE MY LIFE”。]
53．A.forgave B．hit
C．hugged D．begged
答案 C [父亲的话令儿子感动，最能表达其感动的举动是“拥抱”父亲。]
54．A.side B．earth
C．trip D．day
答案 B [on this earth ＝ in this world意为“在这个世界上”，符合文意。]
55．A.meant B．owed
C．moved D．left
答案 A [mean意为“意味着”；owe与to连用表示“将……归功于”；move意为“移动；感动”；leave意为“留下”。mean the world to someone意为“对某人来说意味着整个世界”，这正是男孩在其父亲心目中的地位，所以符合文意。]
非选择题部分
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
If your child’s learning English as a second language, I am 56.________ (convince) that there are many things you can do at home.As long as you can keep these things up, you 57.________ (help) him or her.First, it will help if you can read and write English at a higher level than your child.58.________ it’s necessary and possible, take English lessons in order to better focus on your child’s learning needs.This will enable you 59.________ (sit) down with your child and read, although you may also consider hiring 60.________ private, one－on－one English tutor.
Many non－native speaking students 61.________ (enroll) in English as a Second Language (ESL) programs in their school.Some ESL programs have pull－out classes, 62.________ means that your child is pulled out of class for individual or group 63.________ (instruct) in English.Talk to your child’s teachers and other learning 64.________ (expert) to determine what style of education is best for your child’s individual learning needs and what you can do to help.
Success lies 65.________ (actual) in practice.Just encourage your child to follow these tips and practice.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何帮助你的孩子学习英语。
56．convinced [be convinced that...“相信……”。]
57．will help [as long as引导时间状语从句时，句子的时态要“主将从现”。]
58．If [根据后面的意思“参加英语课程的学习目的是更好地让你的孩子专注于他/她学习的需要”可知前面是“如果有必要或可能的话”。]
59．to sit [enable sb to do sth“使某人能够做某事”。]
60．a [根据下文的private, one－on－one English tutor可知用不定冠词a。]
61．are enrolled [主语Many non－native speaking students与enroll是被动的关系，应该用被动语态。]
62．which [which引导非限制性定语从句，代表前面的那句话。]
63．instruction [句中的individual or group修饰后面的词，应该用名词。]
64．experts [与前面的teachers并列，用复数形式。]
65．actually [用副词修饰动词lie。]
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是高中生李华，今年暑假将到英国游学。你从网上看到英国某中学正在招募暑期的汉语志愿者教师，你希望参加，请用英语写一封申请信。内容包括：
1．介绍自己；2.申请理由。
注意：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam，
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear__Sir/Madam，
I am Li Hua，a senior three student from China.I’m writing to apply for the position as a volunteer teacher to teach Chinese in the coming summer vacation.
I’ll graduate from senior high school this summer and I’ll stay in England from July 7th to the end of August.As you know，I’m from China and I’m perfectly confident of my Chinese level.What’s more，I used to be a volunteer teacher and I’m sure my previous volunteering experience will qualify me for the job.More importantly，I’m good at English，which will enable me to communicate freely with the Chinese learners.
I would be grateful if you could offer me the chance.Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li__Hua
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Human beings are smart.However, it seems that people are gradually losing their smartness as smartphones become more and more important assistants in their lives, reported news website Record Japan on Oct.22.As we rely too much on technology instead of our brains, many people have lost three basic abilities, said the website.
The first skill many people have lost is remembering phone numbers.Because phone numbers are stored in smartphone contacts, there is no need to dial a number or look at it again.And people may also have lost their sense of direction because navigation apps can guide people anywhere they want to go.These apps can even find shortest routes for you and avoid traffic jams.But the worst lost skills may be social ones，meaning that some people are becoming socially inept(无能的)．People often bury themselves in their smart－phones.As we are too addicted to what’s happening in the virtual world，some of us have lost conversational skills and sometimes can’t even tell whether a person is happy or not.
In August，researchers at the University of California，Los Angeles，studied 51 students aged 11 and 12 who had over five hours’ screen time every day.Their task was to tell the emotions of 48 pictures of faces that were happy，sad，angry，or scared.The children made an average of 14.02 mistakes at the beginning.But after a five－day camp without electronic devices(设备), they made only 9.41 mistakes on average.“ If you’re not practicing face－to－face communication, you could be losing important social skills，” concluded professor Yalda Uhls from the research.
Luckily, people still have a chance to get these abilities back.You should try to keep your parents’ number in mind for emergencies.You should also pay more attention to street signs and stores, which will help you to draw a mind map and prevent you from getting lost.And the easiest solution to social skill loss is to take a break from electronic devices because we are social creatures.We need device－free time.
【写作指导】 Paragraph 1：随着智能机的发展，人们越来越依赖于智能机，从而失去了三项基本技能。
Paragraph 2：介绍了三种人们失去的基本技能——记电话号码、方向感和社交能力。
Paragraph 3：一项关于社交能力的实验表明——如果人们不进行面对面的交流，他们将失去重要的社交能力。
Paragraph 4：如何重新获得这三种技能。
【参考范文】
With smartphones becoming increasingly important in people’s lives, human beings are gradually losing three basic abilities (要点1)．The abilities include remembering phone numbers, the sense of directions and the social skills.(要点2)A research on students confirms that lacking face－to－face communication results in the loss of important social skills.(要点3) Luckily, people can regain these abilities with some effective solutions like keeping a certain distance from electronic devices.(要点4)
