人教版高中英语必修3 unit4语法：主语从句（共23张PPT）

(共23张PPT)
Grammar
Noun Clauses
名词性从句
The Object Clause (宾语从句)
?
Review:
定义：在复合句中作____的从句，
通常位于动词或介词之后。
The Predicative Clause（表语从句）
定义：在复合句中作_____的从句，
通常位于系动词之后。
宾语
表语
1.May we ask what you are doing in this country?

2.I can’t say that I have any plans.

3.I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning.

4.The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand.
5.That’s why we’ve given you the letter.
宾语从句
宾语从句
宾语从句
Identify the following clauses:
What kind of clauses are they?
表语从句
表语从句
主语从句
the Subject Clause
定义：在复合句中作句子的____的句子，
主语
通常位于句首,句子中谓语动词的前面。
Find the subjects in the following sentences.
1. A plane is a machine.
2. You are students.
3. To see is to believe.
4. Smoking is bad for you.
n.名词作主语
pron.代词作主语
带to的动词不定式作主语
动名词作主语
5. That we study hard is important.
6. Who will go makes no difference.
7. What he told us made us surprised.
8. Why dinosaurs died out remains a mystery.
句子作主语，即主语从句
引导主语从句的连接词
what, who, whom
whose, which
that, whether
when, where, how, why
主语,宾语,表语
定语
状语
连词
（不作成分）
连接代词
（作成分）
连接副词
（作状语）
1.______ he will come is certain.
2.______ he will come is uncertain.
选择合适的引导词填空：
That
Whether
Who
3._______will go makes no difference.
4._______ he told us made us surprised.
5._______ team will win is not clear.
What
Which
6._______ she is from is unknown.
7.___________he will come back is a question.
8._________dinosaurs died out is a puzzle.
Where
When\Whether
Why\How
主语
宾语
定语
主语从句的语序：
一般情况下从句都是使用陈述语序，
即主语在前，谓语动词在后。
Which sentence is correct?

Where she is from is unknown.

2.Where is she from is unknown.
(×)
(√ )
从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词一般为：
第三人称单数形式。
Where she is from is unknown.

When he will come back is a question.
但由what 引导的主语从句，主句的谓语动词
单复数要根据主句的语境来决定。
What we need _____ water. (be)
What we need _____ books. (be)
is
are
SUM UP
主语从句的定义：在复合句中作主语的从句。
主语从句要由引导词 that,whether,who, whom, whose, what, why, when, where, how等引导，而且不能省略引导词。
主语从句一般使用陈述语序。
从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词一般为第三人称单数形式。

找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词,并且指出引导词是否充当成分,充当什么成分。
1. That we shall be late is certain.
2. Whoever breaks the law is sure to be punished.
3. What caused the accident is a complete mystery.
4. When they will have the sports meet is still a question.
7. It remains a problem whether it is true.
8. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.
it作形式主语的that从句：
为了避免句子头重脚轻，可以把it作形式主语
放在句首，把真正的主语从句置于句末。
1.That we should study hard is important.


2.That the earth is round is known to all.
It
is important
that we should study hard.
It is known to all that the earth is round.
用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：
It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句
It is important that …. 重要的是…
It is obvious that…… 很明显……
It is necessary that… 有必要…
It + be + v-ed分词 ＋ that从句
It is believed that… 人们相信…
It is known to all that …. 众所周知…
It is said that…… 据说……
It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that…… 事实是……
It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happens that …. 碰巧…
Exercise: translate the following sentences:
It is a fact that the earth goes round the sun.

It is known to all that air is important to us.

It seemed that he was telling the truth.

It is obvious that she is nervous.
事实是地球绕着太阳转。
众所周知，空气对我们很重要。
似乎他说的是实话。
很明显她很紧张。
1.由that 引导的主语从句
that 引导的主语从句，that 在从句中不充当任何
成分，本身没有实际意义，只起引导作用，
但不能省略。
1.That we study hard is important.

2.That the earth is round is known to all.

Correct or not?
She is still alive is good news to us.
We study hard is important.(×)
The earth is round is known to all. (×)
(×)
That she is still alive is good news to us.
2. 由whether 引导的主语从句
whether引导的主语从句在从句中也不作任何成分，但有意思，“是否”，位于句首。
Whether he is coming is uncertain.
他是否会来不确定。
It is uncertain whether he is coming.
不确定他是否会来。
注意：whether引导主语从句：“是否”
表不确定的事情。放在句首，但if不能。
3.连接代词who,what,which,whoever,whatever等引导的主语从句，在从句中充当成分，不能省略。
Who will go makes no difference.

What he told us made us surprised.

Which team will win is not clear.

Whoever leaves the room last should turn off the
light.
谁会去没有差别。
他告诉我们的话使我们吃惊。
哪一队会赢不清楚。
无论是谁最后离开房间应该关灯。
3.连接副词where，when, why, how等引导的主语从句，在从句中充当状语成分，不能省略。
Where she is from is unknown.

When he will come back is a question.

Why dinosaurs died out is a puzzle.

How life began on the earth makes us interested.
她从哪来没人知道。
他什么时候回来是一个问题。
恐龙为什么灭绝是一个谜。
地球上的生命是如何开始的使我们感兴趣
如何选择主语从句的引导词？
如果从句缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；

什么都不缺考虑 that 或whether。
Tips: 根据句子意思，分析引导词和主语从句的
结构和关系
1.______ he will come is certain.
2.______ he will come is uncertain.
选择合适的引导词填空：
3._______will go makes no difference.
4._______ he told us made us surprised.
5._______ team will win is not clear.
6._______ she is from is unknown.
7.__________he will come back is a question.
8._______dinosaurs died out is a puzzle.
9________life began on the earth makes us
interested.
1.______ he will come is certain.
2.______ he will come is uncertain.
选择合适的引导词填空：
That
Whether
Who
3._______will go makes no difference.
4._______ he told us made us surprised.
5._______ team will win is not clear.
What
Which
6._______ she is from is unknown.
7.__________he will come back is a question.
8._______dinosaurs died out is a puzzle.
9________life began on the earth makes us
interested.
Where
When\Whether
Why\How
How
HOMEWORK
细读Unit 4课文，找出文中的主语从句
完成《全优课堂》P61 ⅠⅢ