2020中考重点核心词汇详解(真题版)-A字部

文档属性

名称 2020中考重点核心词汇详解(真题版)-A字部
格式 zip
文件大小 32.7KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 通用版
科目 英语
更新时间 2020-03-10 17:20:20

图片预览

文档简介

2020中考重点核心词汇详解-A字部
1. able
adj.?能够……的;有能力的;能干的
用法小结:
关联词组:
be able to do sth.能做某事
用法:be able to与can的区别:
can只有现在式(can)和过去式(could)两种形式
而be able to可有各种时态。
词性转换:ability ?n.能力
反义词:unable? adj.不会的,无能的
中考例句:
(2019,北京卷,阅读A)It was a life?time experience. I was?able?to experience Chinese living and culture.
2.abroad
adv.在国外;到国外
用法小结:
关联词组:
study abroad海外留学
work abroad在(到)国外工作
同义词:
overseas? adv.在国外,在海外
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?adj.海外的,国外的
中考例句:
(2019,山东卷,阅读表达)A lot of people, usually aged between?20 and 30, are leaving the country to work?abroad.
3.absent
adj.?缺席的,不在的?
用法小结:
关联词组:
be absent from…缺席……
be absent-minded心不在焉
词性转换:
absencen.缺席,不在
中考例句:
(2019,河南卷,单项选择)26.—What’s the matter with Tom? He has been?absent? for two days.
—Oh! He?????????be ill. Let’s go and ask Ms. Brown.
A.can ? ? ? B. need ? ? ?
C. may ? ? D. would
4.accent
n.?口音,音调
用法小结:
关联词组:
British accent英式口音
American accent美式口音
local accent乡音,方言
中考例句:
(2019,浙江卷,完形)It s cool! My sister loves the British?accent?(口音).
5.accept
v.?接受;认可?
用法小结:
accept和receive的区别:
receive:?收到(表客观)
accept:接受(表主观)
词性转换:
acceptable? adj.可接受的
acceptance?n.接受,认可
中考例句:
(2019,北京卷,单项填空)11.My advice on how to save paper??????by my class last Monday.
A.accepts??????? B. accepted?????
C. was?accepted????? D. isaccepted
6.accident
n.?(交通)事故;意外
用法小结:
关联词组:
traffic accident交通事故
by accident=by chance偶然
词性转换:
accidental? adj.意外的,偶然的
accidentally ?adv.意外地
中考例句:
(2019,浙江卷,阅读B)To avoid?accidents, some trampolines have 8 safety net around them.
7.achieve
vt.?取得;获得;实现;成功
vi.?达到预期的目的,实现预期的结果
用法小结:
关联词组:achieve success取得成功
词性转换:achievement?n.成就
中考例句:
(2019,山东卷,词汇运用)49.People who learn________?(明智地)and well will?achieve?their dreams more easily.
8.act
vt.?行动;表演
用法小结:
关联词组:act as担当,充当
词性转换:
action? n.动作,行动
active? adj.积极的,主动的
actively? adv.积极地
activity?n.活动
中考例句:
(2019,江苏卷,阅读A)22. On which day are there two different?activities?
A. Monday.????? B.Tuesday.??????
C. Wednesday. D. Thursday.
(2019,山东卷,词性转换)68. There are about 6,000?languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out. If no _______is taken, some of these languages will disappear.(act)
9.add
vi.?加;增加;加起来;做加法
vt.?增加,添加;补充说;计算…总和
用法小结:
关联词组:
add…to…把……加到……上
熟词生义:接着说,补充说。
例如:“And don't be late,” she added.
词性转换:
addition? n.增加,添加物
in addition to…除……之外
中考例句:
(2019,浙江卷,单项填空)1.- Peter, shall wego for a picnic this Sunday?
- OK. Let's?add?it to _______ weekend plan.
A. a? ????B.an??? ??C.the??????D./
10.?advantage
n.?优点;有利条件
用法小结:?
关联词组:
take advantage of利用
反义词:
disadvantage? n.缺点;不利条件
中考例句:
(2019,浙江卷,阅读B)Actually,trampolining has many?advantages.
11.?advertisement
n.?广告
用法小结:
关联词组:TV advertisement电视广告
词形变换:advertise? v.做广告,宣传
中考例句:
(2019,河北卷,任务型阅读)Advertisements?are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people canbuy the products.
12. advice
n.?劝告;建议;忠告
用法:属于不可数名词,表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice
用法小结:
关联词组:
give sb. some advice on sth
就……给某人提建议
take/follow one’s advice?
采纳某人的建议
词性转换:advise(美式)??v.劝告,建议
advise sb. (not) to do sth.?
劝某人(不要)做……
同义词:suggestion? n.建议(可数名词)
中考例句:
(2019,浙江卷,完形)The?advice?she gave was so ____18____,and I had heard it a million times.
18. A. funny??? B.simple?????????
C. useful????????? D. different
13. afford
vt.?买得起;承担得起(后果)
用法小结:
关联词组:afford to do sth.有经济能力做某事
用法:后面可接名词,代词或to do sth.;常与can,could, be able to连用;通常用于否定句或问句中。
词性转换:affordable? adj.负担得起的
中考例句:
(2019,北京卷,阅读D)In the Agricultural(农业的)Age, a farmer could?afford?to forget hunting skills
14. afraid
adj.?害怕的;畏惧的;担心的
用法小结:
用法:be afraid to do…害怕做……
be afraid of (doing) sth.
担心(做)……
be afraid+?从句
中考例句:
(2019,山东卷,阅读C)The king felt?afraid. “Fairy,” he shouted, “take away this???47????gift!”
15. against
prep.?对着;反对?
1对着,倚靠:against the wall?靠着墙
2反对,对抗:be against sth.反对……
fight against同……作战(斗争)
play against与……对赛
3对……不利
She has said nothing against you.
她并没有说任何对你不利的话。
中考例句:
(2019,江苏卷,完形)Why is Song He Lou so special ___14___ hundreds of restaurants?
14. A. between??????? B.against?????????????????
C. among???????? D. beyond
16.?agree
vt.?同意;赞成;承认vi.?同意;意见一致
用法小结:
用法:agree with sb./sth.赞成(同意)……
agree+从句
词性转换:agreement? n.协议,同意,一致
反义词:disagree? v.不同意
中考例句:
(2019,江苏卷,单项填空)4.-Some people don't show their talents at the very beginning.
-I?agree. Even Einstein ____________read until he was seven.
A. can't??? B.mustn't?????????
C. couldn't?????? D. needn't

17. alive
adj.?活着的;有生气的?
用法小结:
关联词组:keep…alive?使……活着
alive与lively的区别:
alive指的是“有生命的,活着的”,一般被放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面;
而lively指的是“活泼的,有活力的,栩栩如生的”,一般被放在所修饰名词或代词的前面。
中考例句:
(2019,江苏卷,单项填空)6.Love your parents __________ they are?alive. Don't wait until it is too late.
A. while?????????? B.though?????????
C. because?????? D. unless
18. allow
v.?允许;准许
用法小结:
关联词组:allow sb. to do…允许某人做;
allow doing…允许做……
词性转换:allowance? n.津贴;允许
中考例句:
(2019年,浙江卷,单项填空)6.We don’t?allow?taking magazines out, but you _________ copy the article you need on the machine over there.
A.can?????????????? B. must?????????????
C. should???????? D. would
19. alone
adv.?独自,单独;adj.单独的,独自的
用法小结:
关联词组:go alone单独去,一个人去
leave sb.alone.不管,不打扰,让某人一个人呆着
alone和lonely的区别:
(1)alone通常用作副词,充当状语,也可以用作形容词
lonely只能用作形容词。
(2)alone是指行为或动作上的,意为单独,独自
lonely是指心灵上的,意为寂寞,孤独。
中考例句:
(2019年,浙江卷,完形)I wish she would leave us?alone. We were in the same summer school and now she thinks we're best friends.
20.angry
adj.生气的;愤怒的
用法小结:
关联词组:angry with sb.生某人的气
angry about sth.因……生气
angry at?对……发怒(生气)
词性变化:angrily? adv.生气地,愤怒地
anger? n.怒气,愤怒
中考例句:
(2019年,山东卷,动词应用)Liu was?angry? because Ran refused?? 70???(stop)the bus after she missed her station.
21.?answer
n.?答案;v.?回答
用法小结:
用法:表示“……的答案”要用介词to,即the answer to sth.
中考例句:
(2019年,江苏卷,完形)
However,I've found the ___12___ to this question.
12.A. attention??????? B. excuse?????????
C.?answer????????????????D. distance
22.?any
pron.(无论)哪一个,任何,任一
adj.(用于疑问句、否定句)任何的,一些
用法小结:
1与any相关的复合不定代词:
anybody/anyone任何人;
anything任何事
2与any相关的复合不定副词:
anyway无论如何,不管怎样;
anywhere在任何地方
中考例句:
(2019年,江苏卷,单项填空)
3.- Keep quiet! I need complete__________ when I'm working.
-Sorry, dad. I won't make?any?noise again.
A. trust???????????? B.silence?????????
C. control? ? ? ? ?D. strength
中考例句:
(2019年,江苏卷,单项填空)
10.-Simon, where do you want to eat?
-_______________. I eat?anything.
A.?I?don't mind??????? B.My pleasure????????
C. Good idea???????????D. Certainly not
23. appear
vi.?出现;显得;似乎
用法小结:
1表示“出现”时,为及物动词,后面不接宾语,也不能用于被动语态;
2表示“显得,看起来;似乎,好像”时,为系动词,后可接名词、形容词、to do作表语;
3.it appears + that从句:表示“看来……,似乎……”。
词性转换:appearance?n.出现,来到;外貌,面貌
反义词:disappear? v.消失
中考例句:
(2019年,浙江卷,阅读C)The radio telescope thus?appeared,and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century.
24. arrive
vi.?到达
用法小结:
用法:arrive at/ in(小地方用at,大地方用)=
get to(后接home, here, there时,省to)=reach
词性转换:arrival? n.到达,来到
(2019年,江苏卷,词汇检测)
42.Miss Zhang ____________(订购)a dress online two weeks ago, but it hasn't?arrivedyet.
25. artical
n.?文章;东西;冠词
?用法小结:
关联词组:write an article写一篇文章
用法:可以用来作名词的计量单位,例如:an article of clothes一件衣服
中考例句:
(2019年,浙江卷,完形)
6.We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you____________ copy the?article?you need on the machine over there.
A.?can?????????????? B.must?????????????
C. should???????? D. would
26.?asleep
adj.?睡着的
用法小结:
关联词组:fall asleep入睡,睡着
asleep和sleepy的区别:
asleep表示“睡着了”,强调状态
sleepy表示“想睡的,困倦的”,实际上并没有睡。
词性转换:sleep? v.睡觉
中考例句:
(2019年,浙江卷,单项填空)
5.Betty felt so tired last night that she ____________ fell?asleep?in bed after lying down.
A.recently?????????????? B. suddenly??????????????
C. frequently?????????? D.?immediately
27. attention
n.?注意;关注
用法小结:
关联词组:?give one’s/pay attention to (doing) sth.注意……
draw/ attract one’s attention引起某人的注意
词性转换:attend? v.?出席;照料,照顾
中考例句:
(2019年,北京卷,阅读C)
Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole?attention?to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling,tasting, smelling or hearing.
28. available
adj.?可用的,可获得的;有空的
用法小结:
关联词组:be available for/to sb.对……可用,对……开放。
例如:The school library is available for every student.
学校图书馆对所有学生开放。
反义词:unavailable? adj.不可用的;没空的
中考例句:
(2019年,湖南卷,阅读)
42.From the menu above, we know that_______.
A.bread and butter goes with starters
B.there are four kinds of differentice cream
C.the desserts are?available?for both lunch and dinner
29. avoid
vt.?避免;避开,躲避;消除
用法小结:
关联词组:avoid sth/ doing sth.避免(做)……
中考例句:
(2019年,山东卷,动词应用)
We?? 73???(stand)up and stop such fights between passengers and drivers?? 74??(avoid)this kind of tragedy.
30. awake
v.唤醒;adj.醒着的
词形变化:过去式awoke,过去分词awoken
用法小结:
关联词组:stay awake保持醒着的,保持清醒;
awake from从……中醒来
与wake的区别:
1wake只能作动词,通常可以接up
awake可做动词,通常不接up,awake也可作形容词。
2作动词时,awake可用于本意表示“醒来,弄醒”,但更多用于比喻意义表示“认识到”、“意识到”;
wake(up)更多用于本意,也可以用于比喻意义。
中考例句:
(2019年,山东卷,阅读)When they got there, the bus driver was?awake?and sitting up, but not speaking.