专题五 动词分类和非谓语动词模拟全练
I 单项选择
-Why didn’t you finish watching the movie yesterday ?
-The movie made me ____ to leave since it was too scary .
A. want B. take C. play D. stay
2. – I’m sorry I _____ my exercise book at home this morning , Mr. Green .
-Don’t forget to bring it to school tomorrow , please .
A. forgot B. left C. forget D. leave
3. The running water makes the stones _____ very smooth .
A. sound B. tastes C. feel D. smell
4. –Mark, maybe you should wash your shoes . They ______ dirty .
-OK, Mom . I will .
A. taste B. sound C. look D. smell
5. There are no customers in that shop . I am sure the service ______ be terrible .
A. can B. must C. need D. might
6. –Where is Mom now ?
-I’m not sure . She _____ be in the kitchen
A. shall B. may C. must D. need
7. It was raining . My father asked me ______ a raincoat .
A. take B. takes C. took D. to take
8. The boss in the factory made the workers ______ nine hours a day in the past .
A. work B. to work C. working
9. It’s important _____ calm whatever happen in life .
A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. staying
10. He exercises every day _____ healthy .
A. kept B. keeping C. keeps D. to keep
11. When you travel abroad, you can hardly avoid _____ products made in China .
A. buying B. to buy C. buy
12. My teacher often tells us how ______ a healthy life .
A. to live B. living C. lives
13. He used to _____ in a small village , but now he has been used to _____ in a big city .
A. live ; living B. live ; live C. living ; living D. lives ; lives
14. My teacher advised me _______ aloud to practice my pronunciation every morning . It has a great influence _____ me
A. reading ; to B. reading ; on C. to read ; to D. to read ; on
15. –I’ve just got my hair _____ . How’s my new hairstyle ?
-It looks great !
A. cut B. cutting C. cutted D. to cut
16. Being social workers is fun . We really enjoy ______ volunteer work .
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
17. Nowadays, some robots are very human-like . They ______ walk and dance .
A. can B. must C. need D. have to
18. –Dad , must I finish my homework today ?
-No, you _____ . You may do it tomorrow .
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. don’t D. won’t
19. –May I smoke here , please ?
-I am afraid you _____ . This is a non-smoking area .
A. can B. can’t C. may D. may not
20. –Dad , let’s go to Europe this winter vacation . We can visit some interesting museums there .
-It ____ good , but I don’t think we have enough money .
A. looks B. smells C. tastes D. sounds
21. I regretted ______ to see the movie last night , because it was very boring .
A. to go B. go C. going D. went
22. I was tired , so I stopped _____ a short rest .
A. have B. having C. to have D. had
23. We talked about the problem and Tim _____ doing some research first .
A. finished B. enjoyed C. suggested D. practiced
24. These two big factories _____ half the world’s coffee trade and make lots of money .
A. appear B. control C. consider D. describe
25. –It’s important for us to know _____ all the subjects well .
-Yeah, group work is my favorite .
A. how to study B. when to study C. which to study D. what to study
II. 根据汉语、首字母或所给单词提示写出所缺的单词
I work hard because I don’t want to f______ my math test .
I dream of _______ (become) a basketball player .
I think his idea is worth c______ . Please think about it carefully .
The number of foreign players in CBA has greatly i_______ (增加) these years.
Whatever you say in the meeting . I will ______ (支持) you .
Mr. Wang has gone abroad . He didn’t a______ (参加) the meeting yesterday .
Let’s look forward to o______ all the difficulties on the way and achieving the success in the end .
Please try to avoid ______ (buy) those cheap things .
He f______ to win the game although he had already practiced very hard .
It’s important for us to f_______ (遵守) the traffic rules in our life .
参考答案
I 1-5 ABCCB 6-10 BDABD 11-15 AAADA 16-20 CAABD 21-25 CCCBA
II. 1. fail 2. becoming 3. considering 4. increased 5. support 6. attend 7. overcoming 8. buying 9.failed 10. follow
专题五 动词的分类和非谓语动词
考点一 实义动词
实义动词也叫行为动词，是能独立作谓语的动词。按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1.及物动词
及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
及物动词+宾语
I want the red T-shirt . 我想要那件红色的T恤。
及物动词+宾语+宾主补足语
I saw the children playing in the park . 我看到那些小孩正在公园里玩耍。
及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
Lisa passed me the salt . 莉萨把盐递给了我。
2.不及物动词
不及物动词自身意思完整，不必接宾语。 如：
Horses run fast . 马跑得快。
【温馨提示】
有些词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。 如：
We study English . 我们学习英语。 （及物动词）
We study hard. 我们努力学习。 （不及物动词）
有些动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语，它的作用相当于一个及物动词。
动词+介词
Please listen to me carefully .请认真听我说。
动词+副词+介词
I can get on with my new classmates . 我能和我的新同班同学和睦相处。
例1 （2019河南中考26题）-Hey , Jeremy . Tony and I want to _____ the new Italian restaurant tonight . Come with us !
-Why not ?
A. try B. taste C. choose D. search
解析 本题考查动词的词义理解 。 根据本题语境可知，今晚 “我” 和托尼想去那家新开的意大得餐厅 “尝试”下， 故所缺的词是try .
答案 A
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（2019河南省实验中学第二次模拟26题1分） -Let’s take a taxi to the airpaort to _____ time .
-Don’t hurry . There are 2 hours left .
A. wait B. spend C. waste D.save
考点二 系动词
系动词和表语一起构成系表结构， 说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份等 。
be动词
am, is , are
表示感觉的动词
look , sound , smell, taste , feel
其他系动词
turn , become , go , seem , keep , get
He is strong . 他是强壮的。
Mr. Wang seems very angry . 王先生似乎很生气。
This kind of cloth feels soft . 这种布料摸起来很柔软。
The flower smells sweet . 这朵花闻起来很香。
You must keep healthy . 你必须保持健康。
Her face turns red. 她的脸红了。
例2 （2018山东济南期中40题1分）-Would you like some green apple juice ?
-No, thanks . It _____ very sour .
A. tastes B. looks C. feels D. sounds
解析 根据题干中的“some green apples juice”以及答语中的 “不，谢谢”可推断， 它尝起来很酸， 故所缺的词是tastes .
答案 A
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2.（2019湖北武汉黄陂三月月考35题1分） The air ______ fresh after the rain . And the sky is blue .
A. feels B. tastes C. smells D. sounds
考点三 情态动词
情态动词主要包括揣测、判断、需要、可能等意思 。 情态动词本身有各自的意义，但不能独立作谓语，需要和实义动词或连系动词一起构成谓语。 在初中阶段，常见的情态动词有：
can
表 “能力”或“许可”。可以在否定句或疑问句中表推测。
may
表 “许可”，语气较委婉。可以用在肯定句表推测。
must
表 “必须”，语气较为强烈。还可以用在肯定句中表推测，肯定的语气很强。
have to
强调受客观原因所迫不得不做某事。主语是第三人称单数时，要用has to . have to 的否定或疑问结构要借助于助动词do.
could
could作为can的过去式， 表示过去的能力；could也可用在疑问句表示委婉请求。
shall
用于表示征求对方的意见果，语气较为委婉，多和第一人称搭配。
should
意为 “应该”，否定式是 shouldn’t “不应该”
need
可以作情态动词，还可以作实义动词， need to do sth 意为 “需要做某事“
had better
后跟动词原形，had better do sth 意为 “最好做某事“，否定结构是had better not do sth .
Can you give me some suggestions ?你能给我一些建议吗？
May I come in ?我可以进来吗？
In English traffic must keep to the left . 在英国， 车辆必须靠左行驶。
He has to pass an examination before he can start work . 他必须通过一场考试才能开始工作。
You shouldn’t leave a baby alone in the house . 你不应该把婴儿一个人留在家里。
【注意】Must I …结构的一般疑问句的肯定句答语要用“Yes, you must.” . 否定答语要用 “No, you needn’t .” 如：
-Must I turn in me homework today ?我必须今天交我的家庭作业吗？
-No, you needn’t . You can turn it in tomorrow . 不， 你不必。你可以明天再交。
例3 （2018北京东城期末6题1分）-______I ask you a question , Mr. White ?
-Yes, please .
A. May B. Should C. Must D. Need .
解析 根据本题语境可推断，问句的含义是 “我可以问你一个问题，怀特先生？”， 表示 “可以”要用may , 故答案为A。
答案 A
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3.(2018湖北武汉硚口期中38题1分) –Must I do the project on my own ?
-No, you _____ . You can work with your classmates .
A. can’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
考点四 动词不定式
1.动词不定式的基本形式
动词不定式的基本形式是： to+动词原形（不定式符号to有时可以省略） 它的否定形式是not to +动词原形。
Lisa plans to visit her grandparents. 莉萨打算去看望她的爷爷奶奶。
Loud music makes me want to leave. 吵闹的音乐使我想离开。
It’s important not to be late. 不要迟到是很重要的。
动词不定式（短语）的语法功能
作主语
To learn English well is very important =It is very important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要。
作表语
My job is to look after patients . 我的工作是照顾病人。
作宾语
We want to go swimming . 我们想去游戏 。
作宾语
补足语
She invited me to go to the concert . 她邀请我去演唱会。
作状语
She got up very early to catch the early bus . 她起得很早， 为的是赶上早班公共汽车 。
作定语
I have something important to tell you 我有重要的事情要告诉你。
动词不定式的常考点
有些动词后可以跟动词不定式作宾语，如decide , agree, refuse , plan等。常见的搭配有：
want to do sth 想要做某事 learn to do sth 学习做某事
decide to so sth 决定做某事 agree to do sth 同意做某事
choose to do sth 选择做某事 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
plan to do sth 计划做某事 expect to do sth 期待做某事
pretend to do sth 假装做某事 hope to do sth 希望做某事
We want to make friends with them . 我们想和他们交朋友 。
She refused to go to the party with me . 她拒绝和我一起去参加那个聚会。
）有些动词后要跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。常见的此类结构有：
want sb to do sth
想要某人做某事
encourage sb to do st h
鼓励某人做某事
advise sb to do sth
建议某人做某事
ask sb to do sth
要求某人做某事
tell sb to do sth
告诉某人做某事
invite sb to do sth
邀请某人做某事
wish sb to do sth
希望某人做某事
teach sb to do st h
教某人做某事
He often encourages me to study hard. 他经常鼓励我努力学习。
Mike advised me to talk with my father in person . 迈克建议我亲自和我爸爸谈一谈。
Lily asked me to wait for her at the gate . 莉莉要我在大门口等她。
(3 ) “特殊疑问句+动词不定式 ” 的结构
能接不定式的疑问句有“ what, which , how , who , when, where 等。 它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。 如“
Where to go hasn’t been decided yet . 去哪里还未决定。（作主语）
Can you tell me how to get to the Beijing Zoo. ？你能告诉我怎么去北京动物园吗？（作宾语）
My question is how to learn English well . 我的问题是怎样学好英语。 （作表语）
例4 （2019四川成都青羊二诊38题1分） He works hard day and night ____ his family with a better life .
to provide B. providing C. provide
解析 句意：他日夜工作为的是给他的家人提供更好的生活。本题考查动词不定式作目的状语时的用法，故答案为A
答案 A
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4. （2018山东济南长清五中第一次月考16题1分）-I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation . What about you ?
-I haven’t decided where _____ .
A. go B. went C. going D. to go
考点五 动名词
动名词的基本形式
动名词相当于名词，它的基本形式是动词原形+ing .它的否定形式是 not +动词原形+ing
Swimming in the sea makes me relaxed . 在大海里游泳使我觉得放松。
Would you mind not smoking here ?你介意不在这里抽烟吗？
动名词（短语）的语法功能
用作主语
Playing computer games for long is bad for your eyes and body . 长时间于电脑游戏对你的眼睛和身体有害。
用作表语
My dream is traveling around the world . 我的梦想是环游世界。
用作宾语
She enjoys listening to music . 她喜欢听音乐。
用作定语
There is a swimming pool near here. 这附近有一个游泳池。
动名词的常考点
有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，常见的有enjoy, finish, keep , practise , mind , suggest , avoid 等 。 如：
I haven’t finished reading the novel yet . 我还没有读完这部小说。
He kept exercising , so he was very healthy . 他坚持锻炼，所以他很健康。
You should practise speaking English as much as possible . 你应该尽可能多地练习说英语。
有些短语后要跟动名词。 常见的此类结构有：
give up doing sth 放弃做某事 have fun doing sth 做某事玩得开心
be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth 想要做某事
look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 be worth doing 值得做某事
You should give up smoking . 你应该戒烟。
We are used to getting up early . 我们习惯早起了。
They are busy preparing for tomorrow’s exam . 他们正忙着准备明天的考试。
例5 （2019湖北武汉青山期中30题1分）-Why did his father buy that phone watch for him ?
-Because the GPS in the watch can help him to avoid _____ the way .
A. to lose B. losing C. loses D. lost
解析 答语的含义是“因为手表里的全球定位系统能帮他避免迷路”，avoid doing sth 意为“避免做某事 ”。
答案 B
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5 （2019四川成都七中实验中学十月月考32题1分） -Hi, Bob!I’m not good at English . What should I do ?
-Why not _____ at English club to practice _____ English ?
A. to join ; speaking B. join ; speaking C. join ; to speak
考点六 分词
1.分词的基本形式
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种 。 现在分词的基本形式为“动词原形+ing”; 过去分词的基本形式是 “动词原形+ed”, 但也有不规则的形式。
2. 和分词有关的常考考点
（1）现在分词作宾语补足语时的用法。
see, watch , notice , hear 等动词可以跟现在分词作宾语补足语，即“see/watch/notice/ hear sb doing sth 的结构， 表示“看到/观察/注意到/听到某人正在做某事 ”， 此时强调动作正在进行。 如：
I saw an old man walking across the street . 我看到一位老人正在过马路。 （ “过马路”这个动作正在进行）
We heard someone singing in the classroom 我们听到有人正在教室里唱歌。（ “唱歌”这个动作正在进行）
【注意】上述动词后可以跟省略to的动词不定式， 即see/watch /notice/ hear sb do sth 的结构，表示 “看到/观察/注意到/听到某人做某事”, 此时强调动作经常发生或动作发生的全过程。 如：
I often see him play in the yard . 我经常看到他在院里玩耍。（强调动作经常发生）
She noticed the thief run out of the shop and get on a bus . 她注意到那个小偷跑出商店，上了一辆公共汽车。 （强调动作的全过程）
从语态上看， 现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。 如：
I have ever seen the girl wearing a red T-shirt . 我见过那个穿红色T恤的女孩。 （句中the girl 和wear 之间是逻辑上的主动关系）
The materials are from the buildings pulled down last week . 这些材料来自那些上周被拆毁的楼房。 （句中the buildings 和pull down 之间是逻辑上的被动关系）
have/get sth done 的结构意为 “让别人做某事”，该结构中的动作是由别人来做的。
I had my car washed yesterday . 昨天我让人把我的汽车洗了一下。
例6 （2019四川成都外国语学校期中37题1分）When I looked out of the window , I saw a gardener _____ a tree in the garden .
plant B. planted C. plants D. planting
解析 句意：当我向窗外看的时候，我看到一名园丁正在花园里种树。see sb doing sth 意为“看到某人正在做某事”， 故答案为D。
答案 D
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6. （2019云南昆明官渡28题1分）-I think fourteen-year-old teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to get their ears _____ .
-I agree with you .
A. pierce B. piercing C. to pierce D. pierced .
即时训练
1 D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. D.
专题五 动词分类和非谓语动词中考全练
考点一 实义动词
（2019湖北孝感中考29题1分） Hurry up ! We’re late . I don’t want to _____ the start of the film .
catch B. get C. miss D. lose
(2019安徽中考37题1分) –Hello, Beijing Hotel . Can I help you ?
-Yes. I’d like to _____ a single room for two nights.
A. enter B. move C. book D. provide
3. (2019山东临沂中考25题1分) Roy works in London. It _____ him about half an hour to get work by bus every day .
A. costs B. spends C. takes
4. (2019四川广元中考14题1分) –How long have you ____ your cap ? It looks cool .
-About two years .
A. borrowed B. bought C. had
5. (2019广东深圳中考10题1分) –We will have a big basketball game next week , but we still need a player .
-Why don’t you ______ Bryan to join the game ? He is fantastic .
A. invite B. teach C. warn
6. (2018山西中考23题1分) If a student is able to ______ somebody else what he’s learnt from textbooks , it shows he’s understood it well .
A. post B. lend C. teach
7. (2018湖北武汉中考34题1分) –Who _____ the computer ?
-Sorry . I’ve no idea . But it has changed the world greatly .
A. invented B. discovered C. made D. played
考点二 系动词
(2019四川广元中考17题1分) Not only you but also I _____ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig
am B. is C. are
(2019四川乐山中考27题1分) –Look , Linda . The flowers in our classroom came out in one night .
-I can’t believe it . They are beautiful and colorful. They ______ great .
A. sound B. smell C. taste
3. (2018山东济南中考44题1分) –Those are Jenny’s parents .
-Really? They _____ young .
A. look B. taste C. smell D. sound
4. (2018四川乐山中考31题1分) –What do you think of the fish soup ?
-Well, it ______ a bit salty .
A. looks B. smells C. tastes
考点三 情态动词
（2019北京中考4题1分） -Lily , ____ you finish the letter in ten minutes ?
-Yes, I can.
A. must B. should C. need D. can
2. (2019山东青岛中考3题1分) As middle school students , we ______ follow the public rules wherever we go .
A. would B. should C. might D. could
3. (2019四川凉山中考36题1分)We should keep quiet in the library . We __ speak loudly .
A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. needn’t
4. (2019安徽中考39题1分) The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light , so you ____worry about its weight .
A. must B. may C. can’t D. needn’t
5. (2018四川南充中考29题1分) –Look at the man standing at the school gate . Is he your math teacher Mr. Brown ?
-No, it _____ be him. He has gone to Chengdu on business .
A. needn’t B. can’t C. may not D. mustn’t
6. (2018河南中考31题1分) –Are you going to the cineam tonight ?
-I don’t know . I _____ go or I _____ stay at home .
A. will ; will B. must ; must C. should ; should D. might ; might
7. (2018 广东中考41题1分) –Yuan Longping , a famous Chinese scientist , is now doing research on sea rice .
-If farmers _____ start planting rice in salty water , China’s food supply will surely rise .
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
考点四 动词不定式
（2019湖南湘西中考36题1分）-John , remember _____ off the lights when you leave the classroom .
-No problem!
A. turn B. turned C. to turn
2. (2019黑龙江哈尔滨中考6题1分) Kids like reading stories which can make them _____ .
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing
3. (2019广东中考36题 1分) Young people are encouraged to work hard _____ their own dreams .
A. achieve B. achieves C. to achieve D. achieved
4. (2018云南中考33题1分) Our parents won’t allow us _____ in the river alone .
A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swam
5. (2018四川成都中考32题1分) I got up early this morning _____ my grandma at the airport .
A. to pick up B. picking up C. picked up
考点五 动名词
（2019湖南岳阳中考27题1分） People enjoy _____zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival .
eat B. eating C. to eat
(2019湖南湘西中考42题1分)-How do you practice your spoken English , Andrew ?
-By _____ English with my classmates .
A. to speak B. speaking C. speak
3. (2019四川遂宁中考24题1分) These foreigners are practicing ____ Chinese .
A. to speak B. speaking C. speak D. speaks
4. (2019云南昆明中考31题1分) Yunan Museum is such an intersting place that many kids have fun _____ it .
A. visiting B. to visit C. reading D. to read
5. (2018黑龙江绥化中考4题1分) Would you mind _____ down the music ? It’s too noisy .
A. to turn B. turning C. turn
6. (2018湖南湘西中考32题1分) –Can you come to my birthday party tonight ?
-Yes, I’d love to . But I have to finish ______ my English homework first .
A. doing B. to do C. does
考点六 分词
（2019四川内江中考24题1分） -Where is Mike ?
-I saw him _____ with Mr. Smith in the hallways just now .
A. to talk B. talking C. talked D. talks
2. (2019四川成都中考35题1分) Smartphones _____ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world .
A. made B. making C. to make
3. (2018新疆乌鲁木齐中考26题1分) My bike is broken . I will have it _____ tomorrow morning .
A. fix up B. fixed up C. repairing D. to repair
4. (2017甘肃兰州中考37题1分) A nurse _____ Carolyn will look after the baby when his mother ____ away .
A. naming ; is B. naming ; will be
C. named ; is D. named ; will be
5. (2016内蒙古呼和浩特中考12题1分) –I tried to make Alice _____ her mind but I found it difficult .
-Well , I saw you _____ that when I went past .
A. changed ; do B. changes ; doing
C. change ; to do D. change ; doing
参考答案
考点一
1-5 CCCCA 6-7 CA
考点二
1-4 ABAC
考点三
1-7 DBBDBDA
考点四
1-5 CACBA
考点五
1-6 BBBAB
考点六
1-5 BABCD
