人教新目标版英语八年级下Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.Section A Grammar Focus-4c导学案（含答案）

Unit 2　I'll help clean up the city parks
第3课时Section A3 Grammar Focus-4c
【学习要求】
1．跟读录音，能识读、拼写并运用下列单词： midnight alone raise homeless
2．观看线上视频，能掌握下列重点短语： cheer up, put up, come up with, help out,?give out, put off, care for, make some signs, raise money for ,stop doing sth.
3. 观看线上视频，理解并掌握短语动词和动词不定式的用法。
【预习】旧知回顾 Ⅰ.翻译下列词组：
1. ___________ 张贴 2. _____________ 使….高兴起来3.____________ 分发 4.___________打电话
5.__________ _ 想出 6. ___________推迟7.____________ 帮助解决困难 8.____________ 参加….选拔
Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
9. Tony wants _________ (be) a teacher t.?10. Mary volunteers ________ (help) the kids in the village.?
11. Mike taught his son how ___________ (use) the chopsticks .?
12. Mr. Smith helped the young man ___________ (find) a job.?
13. Peter decided ___________ (try) out for a volunteer after-school reading program .?
【新知准备】Ⅰ英汉互译。
14. _____________________ 担心 15. _____________ 赚钱 16. ____________为了娱乐
17. in one’s free time _____________ 18.raise money _____________ 19. travel alone _____________
【尝试运用】根据汉语意思完成句子
20.我想去帮助无家可归的人。 I’d like ______________ people.?
21.他停下来休息了一会儿。He stopped ______________(have ) a rest .?
22. 我决定筹钱为贫穷地区的孩子。
I decide ___________(raise) money for the children in the poor area.
23. 他看上去很伤心。我们去帮他振作起来吧。 He looks sad. Let’s ______________.?
【释疑】 1. I’d like to help homeless people.?
homeless意为“无家的，无家可归的”，它是home加否定后缀-less构成的，-less常用来构成形容词，意思是“无……的,不能……的”。
类似的词：use + less → useless(无用的) hope + less → hopeless(无望的)
care + less → careless(粗心的) help + less → helpless(无助的) end + less → endless(没完没了的)
The homeless are pathetic. 这些无家可归的人是悲惨的。
This is a useless knife. The handle has broken. 这是把没用的小刀。刀把坏了。
【拓展】　动词不定式用法小结:
（1） 做宾语。常跟在动词begin, want, remember, forget, agree, learn, like, decide, fail, refuse, expect, need, hope, wish, seem, promise, plan, volunteer 或短语would like, can’t wait后作宾语。
e.g. We don’t want to spend too much money. 我们不想花费太多钱。
【尝试运用】
24. Do you agree to go there by air? All of us wants ______ (get) good grades.
25. He needs _____ (take) breaks away from the TV.
(2) 作宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，构成 “v.+ sb. / sth. +to do”结构 ：此类动词常见的有：tell, ask, want (would like), like, invite, help, expect, wish, advise, allow等。
eg : Even Tony’s granddaughter, a five-year-old girl, asked him to give up smoking. 甚至托尼的孙女----一个五岁的小女孩叫她戒烟。
【尝试运用】
26. He advised me not ________(meet ) with strangers.
(3) 作状语。
(a)目的状语. To catch the early bus, I got up at 5:00.为了赶上早班车，我早晨五点就起床了。
【尝试运用】
27.He brushes teeth every day _______(protect) his teeth.
(b)原因状语. 用在某些表示人的心情(喜、怒、哀、乐等)的形容词后表原因， 如：happy, glad, pleased, sad, sorry, sure等。
e.g. I’m sad to hear that.听到那件事后我很伤心。
【尝试运用】
28. I am happy________ (get) good grades this time
4. 作后置定语。常放在名词或不定代词之后。
(1)This is a good place to take a vacation.这是一个度假的好地方。
(2)I need something to drink， I am so thirsty.我需要一些喝的东西，我是如此的渴。
（3）I need a room to live in .我需要一间居住的房间。
【尝试运用】
29.Hope School is a good place ___________ (study )
5. 作主语 结构：(1)It’s + n. + to do (2) It’s + adj.+ of / for sb. to do
It’s my job to teach English. 教英语是我的工作。
It’s happy to help others . 帮助别人是令人开心的。
【尝试运用】
30. It’s important for us _________(learn) English well .
6. 作表语 My dream job is to be a doctor. 我的理想工作是成为一个医生。
【尝试运用】
31.My duty is ___________(help ) look after the children well .
（7）不带to的不定式
1). 感官动词 :feel (一感); hear, listen to (二听); see, watch, notice, look at (四看) 即：feel sb./ sth. do sth. 感觉某人/ 某物做某事 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事
2). 使役动词：make, let, have (三让) 即： make/ let /have sb. do sth.
3). help (to) do, help sb. (to) do (半帮助)
4). had better (not) do sth.最好在（不）做某事
2. I’m too busy with my studies this year. ?
be busy with sth. 表示“忙于做某事”,with后要接名词性的词或短语。相当于be busy doing sth. (不可用to do sth.)。
He is busy doing his homework.=He is busy with his homework. 他正忙于做作业。
【拓展】　busy作形容词意为“忙的”,反义词为free。busy在打电话中是指“占线”。
I’m sorry, sir，the line is busy. 对不起先生,电话占线。
3.Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.?
be worried about相当于worry about,意为“担心……,为……感到忧虑”,后都接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。be worried about中worried为形容词,worry about中worry为动词。
Don’t worry about my future. 不要担心我的前途。
She is worried about your health.　她为你的健康担心。
4. 短语动词 (verb phrases)
(1) 现代英语中，动词之后加介词或副词构成短语，表达一种特定的含义，称为短语动词。短语动词如果被拆开，则不能表达这种特定的含义。同学们在学习过程中，要把这些习惯用法看作一个整体。如：look 看 look for 寻找、寻求 look after 照顾、照看 look out 小心、注意 在这个例子中，我们清楚的看到，look 的后面加上不同的介词或副词，意义截然不同。因此，对于短语动词，我们要善于积累、巩固。
(2) 动词短语的构成：
（a）动词+副词（宾语是代词时，只能放在中间；宾语是名词时，既可以放在中间，也可以放在后面。）常见的有：put up , call up , set up, fix up, get up, look up, make up ,pick up ,take up ,clean up ,cheer up ,put on ,turn on ,take off, turn off, put off, give out ,work out , find out, give away ,run away等。
（b）动词+介词 （ 必带宾语，宾语只能放在后面。）常见的有：look after, look for ,look at ,break into , think of ,laugh at, listen to , arrive at等
（c）动词+副词+介词 （必带宾语，宾语只能放在后面。）常见的有：look down upon , look forward to, come up with等
(d)动词+名词+介词（必带宾语，宾语只能放在后面）常见的有：take care of , pay attention to ,have a look at等
(e) be +形容词+介词（ 必带宾语，宾语只能放在后面。）常见的有：be fond of ,be used to , be good at , be angry with , be afraid of , be strict with等
【课时小结】 单词： midnight ，alone， raise， homeless
词组：cheer up, put up, come up with, help out,?give out, put off, care for, make some signs, raise money for , stop doing sth.
语法: 动词不定式和短语动词
【当堂检测】I用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My mother told me ________（ not play ）basketball in the street yesterday.
2. She would like ________ (go ) to Dalian for vacation next year.
3. Joe often helps his father ____________(wash) the car
4. Now it’s time for class. Let’s stop _______ ( talk ).
5. We want to raise money for _______ (home) people.
6. Simon joined an English club ____________(practice) his English .
7. Dave, let your dog ____________(not walk) around the house. I'm afraid of it.
8. I saw Bob ____________(play) basketball on the playground when I walked past there.
9. I want to buy many flowers___________( celebrate) my mother's birthday.???
10. Hainan is a good place ___________ (take ) a holiday .
II.同义句转换
11. He doesn’t know when he should go there.
He doesn’t know ___________ go there.?
12. They made a decision to travel abroad.
They ____________ travel abroad.?
13. The writer became famous when he was twenty-four years old.
The writer became famous ______________ of twenty-four.?
14. Can you care for my pet while I am away?
Can you ______________ my pet while I am away??
15. Mario would like to be an animal doctor.
Mario ____________ be an animal doctor.
Ⅲ. 单项填空
（ ）16. His parents live _______ in a small house, but they don’t feel _______.?
A. lonely, alone B. alone, lonely C. lonely, lonely D. alone, alone
（ ）17.—_______ a volunteer is great.?
—I think so. Some of us want _______　volunteers for Nanjing 2014 Youth Olympic Games.?
A. Being, being B. Be, being C. Being, to be D. Be, to be
（ ）18. The man works hard _______ much money. He wants his son to get a good education.?
A. make 　 B.to buy 　 C. buy 　 D.to make
（ ）19. What bad weather it was! We decided _______.?
A.to go out B. not to go out C.to not go out D. not going out
（ ）20. Reading aloud every morning is a good way　_______ your English.?
A.to improve B. improve C. improving D.to improves
IV． 阅读 （根据短文内容完成下列各题）
I’m the captain of a ship. I love the sea because of the cool sea winds, the fresh smell of the sea. (A) Three days ago , I was out on a boat with a few friends. We were not working. (B)我们去钓鱼。We were on our way back when I saw a ship with the name PSS Polu. It was putting something bad into the sea. I was angry. I wanted them to stop their pollution at once. We chased (追赶) . (C)but their ship was too fast for us to catch up with . We called the police .Soon PPS was caught. I was happy that I could do (D ) __________.
21. 将文中A处句子译成汉语。________________________________________
22.将文中B处句子译成英语。_____________________________________________
23. 将文中C处画线句子改成同义句.But their ship was _____ ______ _____ we couldn’t chase.
24. 在D处填上适当的短语，使句意完整.____________________________
25简要回答问题:What does the writer do? _______________________________________________.
Ⅴ.?短文填空 （ 用所给词的适当形式填空）
My best friend Michael is used to 26. _________ (play) computer games . H e spends a lot of time on the computer every day . He often sits in the same way for too long without 27. ___________ (move ) , so his schoolwork is too bad and his parents are angry with him . Last week , he 28. __________ (have ) a headache , sore eyes and a sore back . H e even couldn’t 29. __________（sleep）well . So his parents took him to see a doctor . The doctor examined (检查)him and said ， “You should 30. _______(take ) breaks away from the computer . You shouldn’t keep on 31.________(use ) the computer for a long time . And you should do eye exercises 32. _________( relax) your eyes and go to bed early at night . ” Now , he knows the 33. _____________ (important ) of working hard on his schoolwork . And he agrees 34.____________(play ) computer games once a week . I think if he has a good rest and studies hard , he 35. _________(feel ) well soon and get better grades . After all (毕竟)nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
【直击中考】
（ ）1. Remember ________ some fruit when you come back .
A. buying B. to buy C. buy D. buys (2018 湖南邵阳中考)
（ ）2. Liu Jing volunteered ________ people in trouble.
A． to help B. help C. helping D. helped (2018 新疆中考)
（ ）3.Yao Ming , a basketball giant（巨星）, ______ water polo（水球）when he was young .
A . is playing B. used to play C. is used to playing D. was playing (2018 江苏中考)
（ ）4. —I missed the film “The Wandering Earth “.
— What a pity ! I t is _______ meaningful film that it is really worth seeing.
A . such a B. so C. such D. so (2018 湖南中考)
（ ）5.The boy _________ advertisements (广告) on weekends to make money for his family .
A . hands in B. hands up C. hands out D. hands to (2018 辽宁中考)
（ ）6. Your clothes and shoes are here and there , and the room is very dirty . Please _____ right away .
A . clean them up B. clean up them C. clean it up D. clean up it (2018 吉林中考)
（ ）7. Mary likes hip hop music , but he doesn’t ________ classical music (古典音乐).
A . cares about B. care for C. take care D. cares for (2018 广安中考)
（ ）8.The yellow one and the red one are very nice . Would you please advise me ________ ?
A .which to buy B. what to buy C. when to buy D. why to buy (2018 广东中考)
【教师寄语】?If you really want to do something, you'll find a way. If you don't, you'll find an excuse.?
如果你真的想做什么事，你会找到方法。如果你不想，那你只能找到借口。






Unit 2 第3课时Section A3 Grammar Focus-4c 答案
【预习答案】
Ⅰ 1. put up 2. cheer up 3. hand out/give out 4. call up 5. come up with /think up 6. put off 7. help out
Ⅱ 9.to be　10.to help　11.to use　12.(to) find　13.to try
【新知准备答案】
14. worry about 15.make money 16. for fun 17.在某人的业余时间 18. 筹集钱 19. 独自旅行
【尝试运用答案】
20.to help homeless　21.to have　 22.to raise　 23.cheer him up　 24.to get 25. to take 26.to meet 27.to protect 28. to get 29. to study 30. to learn 31.to help
【当堂检测答案】
I. 1 not to play 2 to go 3. (to) wash 4. talking 5. homeless 6.to practice 7. not walk 8. playing 9.to celebrate 10. to take
II. 11. when to 12. decided to 13. at the age 14. look after/ take care of
15. want to
Ⅲ. 16.B　17.C　18.D　19.B　20.A
IV 21.三天前我和几个朋友坐船出去了。 22.We went fishing.
23.so fast that 24. what I love to do 25. The captain of a ship.
Ⅴ. 26. playing 27. moving 28.had 29. sleep 30 .take 31. using 32. to relax 33.importance 34.to play 35. will feel
【直击中考答案】1-5 BABAC 6-8 CBA