2020高三二轮语法专项定语从句复习学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 2020高三二轮语法专项定语从句复习学案（无答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-03-10 18:40:14 | ||
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定语及定语从句
一、翻译句子,画出句子的定语成分。
⑴The girl behind the tree is kate.
The girl who is behind the tree is kate.
⑵The man driving too fast was a drunk.
The man who was driving too fast was a drunk.
⑶Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the people who were invited to the party were from South Africa.
⑷You need someone to look after you.
You need someone who can look after you.
⑸She has a garden much larger than yours.
She has a garden which is much larger than yours.
小结: ⑴定语从句:在复合句中， 修饰_______________________的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的___________之后。
⑵先行词:_____________________________叫先行词。
⑶关系词:_______________________________叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有_______________等; 关系副词有___________等。
⑷关系词通常有下列三个作用： ⑴引号定语从句；⑵代替先行词；⑶在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如: The women who are speaking at the meeting are famous scientists.
该句中, who are speaking at the meeting are famous scientists.是定语从句,修饰先行词 the women,who是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词 the women,在定语从句中作主语。
1. 定语从句中的引导词及其在从句中的作用
所作成分 代替人 代替物 代替人或物
主语 who which that
宾语 whom/who which that
定语 whose/of whom whose/of which
?Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他是那个想见你的男人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语)
?He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
?The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher.
刚才和你说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师。
?The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的那个包裹快要散开了。(which/that在从句中作宾语)
?A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.
双亲都死了的孩子叫作孤儿。(whose表示那个孩子的双亲)
?He lives in a room whose window faces south.
他住在那个窗户朝南的房子里。(whose表示那个房子的窗户)
2. 关系代词that和which的用法区别
情况 说明
只用that 不用which 先行词是不定代词或由不定代词修饰时
先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰时
先行词被the very，the only等修饰时
主句是以which，what，who开头的特殊疑问句时
先行词既有人也有物时
两个定语从句中一个关系代词用which，另一个要用that
只用which 不用that 引导非限制性定语从句时
关系代词前有介词时
先行词本身是that时
3. 关系代词as引导限制性定语从句的用法
（1）as既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等，引导限制性定语从句时的固定搭配：the same ...as ...；such ...as ...；so/as ...as ...
?She is such a nice girl as we all like.她是一个我们大家都喜欢的好女孩。
【注意】
①This is such a beautiful park that everyone wants to visit it.
这是一个如此漂亮的公园以至于每个人都想去参观。
②This is such a beautiful park as everyone wants to visit.这是一个如此漂亮的每个人都想去参观的公园。
句①由于从句中不缺少任何语法成分，故从句在这个结构中为结果状语从句。
句②从句中动词visit缺少宾语，故应用关系代词as引导定语从句。
（2）the same ...as与the same ...that的区别：
?This is the same pen as I bought yesterday. 这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。
?This is the same pen that I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的那支钢笔。
例（2019·新课标III卷·短文改错）In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.
1. 常用的关系副词：when，why，where(在从句中只作状语)
2. 意义及作用
关系副词 先行词 在从句中的成分
when 名词，表时间 时间状语
why 名词，表原因 原因状语
where 名词，表地点 地点状语
?I’ll never forget the day(that/which)we spent together last week.
我将永远不会忘记上周我们一起度过的那一天。
?I’ll never forget the day when I got to know you.我将永远不会忘记我认识你的那天。
?I don’t like the way(that/in which)he talks.我不喜欢他谈话的方式。
?Do you know the reason why(for which)he was so sorry?你知道他那么难过的原因吗？
【注意】
①在口语和非正式场合, when, where和why或相当于关系副词的
“介词＋which”结构可用that来代替并可省略。
?Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink?
你知道在哪儿我能喝杯酒吗？
②why或that引导的定语从句, 先行词是reason, 且reason又作主句
主语时, 表语从句不能用because引导, 而要用that引导。其句型
为：The reason why...is that...或The reason that...is that...。
?The reason that he explained at the meeting was that he had
to look after his mother in hospital.
他在会上解释的原因是他不得不去照顾他住院的母亲。
③“地点模糊”的先行词后跟where引导的定语从句。当先行词为
point, situation, conditions, case, position, stage, scene,
spot, activity, family, job等表示某人/物所处的情况、发展的
阶段或表达某事的某个方面时, 用where引导定语从句, where
相当于from which, under which等, 表示“在这种情况下”,
“从……中”等。
?We’re just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down
together and talk.
我们只是尽力想能达到双方共同坐下来商谈的地步。
3. 关系代词与关系副词的选择依据
①考虑代替先行词的关系词在从句中充当的语法成分, 如果关系词在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语,
就用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中作状语, 就用关系副词。
?The house where he lives needs repairing.
which/that he lives in
他住的房子需要修理。
?Have you asked her for the reason that/which my explain her absence?
why she was absent?
你是否问过她缺席的原因？
②辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。
?I don’t like the man who always speaks ill of others.
我不喜欢总是说他人坏话的人。
?I will never forget the days when we worked together.
我永远也忘不了我们在一起工作的日子。
③判断从句是限制性还是非限制性定语从句。
?A dictionary is a book that gives the meanings of words.
词典是解释词语意思的书。
?A dictionary is a book, which gives the meanings of words.
词典是一本书, 它给出词语的意思。
④判断关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语, 取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。
?This is the point where I disagree.
这就是我不同意的地方。(disagree为不及物动词, 故关系词用where。)
?This is the point (which/that) I disagree with.
这就是我不同意的地方。(从句缺少介词with的宾语, 用that/which引导, 也可以省略)
例（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
【易错提醒】
当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。
例 ?Do you remember the days ____________ we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？
一、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句时，位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。
（1）介词＋关系代词
?Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.
＝Mandela was the black lawyer whom I went to for advice.曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。
（2）名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词
?He wrote a book, the name of which I’ve completely forgotten.
他写了一本书，书名我完全给忘记了。
?The old man has two daughters, both of whom are doctors.
那位老人有两个女儿，她们都是医生。
（3）形容词最高级＋介词＋关系代词
?China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan.
中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。
（4）介词＋关系代词＋名词
?I called him by the wrong name，for which mistake I apologized.
我叫错了他的名字，为此我向他表示了歉意。(不能使用whose)
Ex: ⑴The service about that the students complain a lot should be improved.(改错)
⑵He is a library assistant from who I borrowed some books. (改错)
二、．代词whose+名词 引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。
⑴I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.
= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.
⑵This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.
= This is my teacher ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿is excellent.
= This is my teacher ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿is excellent.
三．关系副词when, where, why可以相应地转化为 "介词+ which"结构。
⑴This is the house where/_____ ______ I lived two years ago.
⑵Do you remember the day when/_____ ____ you joined our club?
⑶I don’t know the reason why /_____ _____he said so.
四．介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句前常有不定代词some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one等修饰。
⑴He loves his parents deeply, _____ _____ _____ （他们俩）are very kind to him.
⑵Up to now, he has written ten stories,______ _________ __________（其中３本）
are about country life.
五．介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句中，介词的确定常常遵循以下三原则1.介词与先行词的关系2.从句谓语动词的搭配3.整个句子表达的意思。简称“一先，二动，三意义”。
⑴This is the car ____ which I bought last year.
⑵This is the car ____ which I paid 100$.
⑶This is the car ____ which I spent 100$.
⑷This is the car ____ which I go to work every day.
⑸This is the car ____ which I can’t go to work.
⑹This is the car ____ which the old woman was knocked down.
⑺This is the car ____ which a boy threw a stone.
⑻This is the car ____ which we talked.
⑼This is the car ____ which the window was broken.
6.有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：
⑴He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.
⑵The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.
?限制性定语从句：
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.?
China is a country which has a long history.?
非限制性定语从句：
China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.?
Last summer I visited Great Hall of the people, in which many important meetings are held every year.
He didn’t pass the exam, which surprised us.
总结：
区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式 与主句之间不用逗号隔开 与主句之间有逗号隔开
功能 对先行词进行限定、修饰。如果省去从句部分剩余部分意义便不完整、不明确 对先行词作附加说明。去掉后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整、明确
先行词 名词、代词或名词词组 名词、名词词组或整个主句
引导词 所有关系词 除that 和 why之外的关系词
翻译 先译从句再译先行词 主句从句分别翻译
As ：
as可以引导非限制性定语从句，常有＂正如……＂的意思，所引导的从句既可置于主句之前， 也可置于主句之后。as多用于固定搭配中：
as is known to all众所周知 as has been said before如前所说
as is often the case情况常常如此 as may be imagined这可以想象得出
as has been pointed out正如已经指出的那样 as often happens这种情况常常发生
as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的
?As you know, David is a photographer.
=David, as you know, is a photographer.
= David is a photographer, as you know.
戴维是名摄影师，你是知道的。（as引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。）
Ex:⑴_____ is often the case, Girls like dolls while boys like guns.
⑵Jack has won the first prize,_____ it often happens.
⑶He changed his mind again,_______ made us all angry.
一、定语从句中需注意的问题
1. 当先行词为表示方式的the way时，从句不能用how来引导，应用that或in which，或将它们全部省略。
2. as引导限制性定语从句时，常用于下列句式中：such＋名词＋as ...＂像……一样的＂；the same＋名词＋as ...＂和……同样的＂。
3. 当先行词是time时，若time表示＂次数＂，应用that引导定语从句，并且that可以省略；若time表示＂一段时间＂讲，应用when或＂at/during＋which＂引导定语从句。
?This is the second time(that)the president has visited the country.
这是这位总统第二次访问这个国家。
?This is at a time when/during which there were no radios，no telephones or no TV sets.
这是在一个没有收音机，没有电话，也没有电视的时代。
4. 定语从句中的主谓一致
当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的数原则上要与先行词保持一致，但要注意以下几点：先行词是＂one of＋复数名词＂结构时，关系代词引导的定语从句中的谓语动词一般用复数形式；但如有the very，the only，the first，the last，the right等修饰one时，谓语动词用单数。
?This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
这是被问过的最有意思的问题之一。
?She is the only one of the girls who studies hard.
她是这些女孩中唯一一个刻苦学习的。
二、定语从句与地点状语从句的区别
当定语从句的引导词与地点状语从句的连接词都是where时，定语从句修饰、限制、说明地点名词；而状语从句则说明动作发生的地点，where没有对应的地点名词或代词。
?This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.
这就是几年前我们常居住的地方。（定语从句）
?Let’s go where we can find a better job.
我们到我们能找到更好工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）
三、定语从句与强调句型的区别
定语从句对名词或代词的修饰和限制，关系词可能是that, which, as, who, but, 另一方面，句子中的It有所指；而强调句型是对某部分加强语气，强调语气的连接词只能是that, who，并且句子中的It 没有任何意义；一般比较明显，而有时就难以区别，还需要根据上下文的语境来判断。
It is a book that he wants.
它究竟是强调句型还是定语从句，就要从语境上来考察。如果它是用来回答What is this / that? 这样的问题，意思是：它是一本他想要的书。句子显然是定语从句。如果是用来回答What does he want? 这样的问题，那么意思是：他想要的是一本书。显然，句子是强调句型。
四 练习
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
a.⑴The fact_____ she told me yesterday is very important.
⑵The fact______ she has known the result of the examination is clear.
b.⑴____is known to all that the earth is round.
⑵___ is known to all,the earth is round.
⑶____ is known to us all is that the earth is round.
2.定语从句与强调句型的区别
⑴It was a room______ we used to have meeting.
⑵It was in the room_____ we used to have meeting.
3.定语从句与并列句的区别
⑴Mr li has three daughters,none of _____ is an engineer.
⑵Mr li has three daughters,but none of _____ is an engineer.
⑶Mr li has three daughters;_______ are doctors.
定语从句与状语从句的区别
a.⑴He left the key_____ he had been an hour ago.
⑵He left the place _______ he lived for many years.
b.⑴He is such a good teacher_____ we all love and respect.
⑵He is such a good teacher_____ we all love and respect him.
一、翻译句子,画出句子的定语成分。
⑴The girl behind the tree is kate.
The girl who is behind the tree is kate.
⑵The man driving too fast was a drunk.
The man who was driving too fast was a drunk.
⑶Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the people who were invited to the party were from South Africa.
⑷You need someone to look after you.
You need someone who can look after you.
⑸She has a garden much larger than yours.
She has a garden which is much larger than yours.
小结: ⑴定语从句:在复合句中， 修饰_______________________的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的___________之后。
⑵先行词:_____________________________叫先行词。
⑶关系词:_______________________________叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有_______________等; 关系副词有___________等。
⑷关系词通常有下列三个作用： ⑴引号定语从句；⑵代替先行词；⑶在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如: The women who are speaking at the meeting are famous scientists.
该句中, who are speaking at the meeting are famous scientists.是定语从句,修饰先行词 the women,who是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词 the women,在定语从句中作主语。
1. 定语从句中的引导词及其在从句中的作用
所作成分 代替人 代替物 代替人或物
主语 who which that
宾语 whom/who which that
定语 whose/of whom whose/of which
?Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他是那个想见你的男人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语)
?He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
?The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher.
刚才和你说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师。
?The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的那个包裹快要散开了。(which/that在从句中作宾语)
?A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.
双亲都死了的孩子叫作孤儿。(whose表示那个孩子的双亲)
?He lives in a room whose window faces south.
他住在那个窗户朝南的房子里。(whose表示那个房子的窗户)
2. 关系代词that和which的用法区别
情况 说明
只用that 不用which 先行词是不定代词或由不定代词修饰时
先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰时
先行词被the very，the only等修饰时
主句是以which，what，who开头的特殊疑问句时
先行词既有人也有物时
两个定语从句中一个关系代词用which，另一个要用that
只用which 不用that 引导非限制性定语从句时
关系代词前有介词时
先行词本身是that时
3. 关系代词as引导限制性定语从句的用法
（1）as既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等，引导限制性定语从句时的固定搭配：the same ...as ...；such ...as ...；so/as ...as ...
?She is such a nice girl as we all like.她是一个我们大家都喜欢的好女孩。
【注意】
①This is such a beautiful park that everyone wants to visit it.
这是一个如此漂亮的公园以至于每个人都想去参观。
②This is such a beautiful park as everyone wants to visit.这是一个如此漂亮的每个人都想去参观的公园。
句①由于从句中不缺少任何语法成分，故从句在这个结构中为结果状语从句。
句②从句中动词visit缺少宾语，故应用关系代词as引导定语从句。
（2）the same ...as与the same ...that的区别：
?This is the same pen as I bought yesterday. 这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。
?This is the same pen that I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的那支钢笔。
例（2019·新课标III卷·短文改错）In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.
1. 常用的关系副词：when，why，where(在从句中只作状语)
2. 意义及作用
关系副词 先行词 在从句中的成分
when 名词，表时间 时间状语
why 名词，表原因 原因状语
where 名词，表地点 地点状语
?I’ll never forget the day(that/which)we spent together last week.
我将永远不会忘记上周我们一起度过的那一天。
?I’ll never forget the day when I got to know you.我将永远不会忘记我认识你的那天。
?I don’t like the way(that/in which)he talks.我不喜欢他谈话的方式。
?Do you know the reason why(for which)he was so sorry?你知道他那么难过的原因吗？
【注意】
①在口语和非正式场合, when, where和why或相当于关系副词的
“介词＋which”结构可用that来代替并可省略。
?Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink?
你知道在哪儿我能喝杯酒吗？
②why或that引导的定语从句, 先行词是reason, 且reason又作主句
主语时, 表语从句不能用because引导, 而要用that引导。其句型
为：The reason why...is that...或The reason that...is that...。
?The reason that he explained at the meeting was that he had
to look after his mother in hospital.
他在会上解释的原因是他不得不去照顾他住院的母亲。
③“地点模糊”的先行词后跟where引导的定语从句。当先行词为
point, situation, conditions, case, position, stage, scene,
spot, activity, family, job等表示某人/物所处的情况、发展的
阶段或表达某事的某个方面时, 用where引导定语从句, where
相当于from which, under which等, 表示“在这种情况下”,
“从……中”等。
?We’re just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down
together and talk.
我们只是尽力想能达到双方共同坐下来商谈的地步。
3. 关系代词与关系副词的选择依据
①考虑代替先行词的关系词在从句中充当的语法成分, 如果关系词在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语,
就用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中作状语, 就用关系副词。
?The house where he lives needs repairing.
which/that he lives in
他住的房子需要修理。
?Have you asked her for the reason that/which my explain her absence?
why she was absent?
你是否问过她缺席的原因？
②辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。
?I don’t like the man who always speaks ill of others.
我不喜欢总是说他人坏话的人。
?I will never forget the days when we worked together.
我永远也忘不了我们在一起工作的日子。
③判断从句是限制性还是非限制性定语从句。
?A dictionary is a book that gives the meanings of words.
词典是解释词语意思的书。
?A dictionary is a book, which gives the meanings of words.
词典是一本书, 它给出词语的意思。
④判断关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语, 取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。
?This is the point where I disagree.
这就是我不同意的地方。(disagree为不及物动词, 故关系词用where。)
?This is the point (which/that) I disagree with.
这就是我不同意的地方。(从句缺少介词with的宾语, 用that/which引导, 也可以省略)
例（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
【易错提醒】
当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。
例 ?Do you remember the days ____________ we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？
一、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句时，位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。
（1）介词＋关系代词
?Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.
＝Mandela was the black lawyer whom I went to for advice.曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。
（2）名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词
?He wrote a book, the name of which I’ve completely forgotten.
他写了一本书，书名我完全给忘记了。
?The old man has two daughters, both of whom are doctors.
那位老人有两个女儿，她们都是医生。
（3）形容词最高级＋介词＋关系代词
?China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan.
中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。
（4）介词＋关系代词＋名词
?I called him by the wrong name，for which mistake I apologized.
我叫错了他的名字，为此我向他表示了歉意。(不能使用whose)
Ex: ⑴The service about that the students complain a lot should be improved.(改错)
⑵He is a library assistant from who I borrowed some books. (改错)
二、．代词whose+名词 引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。
⑴I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.
= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.
⑵This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.
= This is my teacher ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿is excellent.
= This is my teacher ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿is excellent.
三．关系副词when, where, why可以相应地转化为 "介词+ which"结构。
⑴This is the house where/_____ ______ I lived two years ago.
⑵Do you remember the day when/_____ ____ you joined our club?
⑶I don’t know the reason why /_____ _____he said so.
四．介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句前常有不定代词some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one等修饰。
⑴He loves his parents deeply, _____ _____ _____ （他们俩）are very kind to him.
⑵Up to now, he has written ten stories,______ _________ __________（其中３本）
are about country life.
五．介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句中，介词的确定常常遵循以下三原则1.介词与先行词的关系2.从句谓语动词的搭配3.整个句子表达的意思。简称“一先，二动，三意义”。
⑴This is the car ____ which I bought last year.
⑵This is the car ____ which I paid 100$.
⑶This is the car ____ which I spent 100$.
⑷This is the car ____ which I go to work every day.
⑸This is the car ____ which I can’t go to work.
⑹This is the car ____ which the old woman was knocked down.
⑺This is the car ____ which a boy threw a stone.
⑻This is the car ____ which we talked.
⑼This is the car ____ which the window was broken.
6.有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：
⑴He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.
⑵The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.
?限制性定语从句：
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.?
China is a country which has a long history.?
非限制性定语从句：
China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.?
Last summer I visited Great Hall of the people, in which many important meetings are held every year.
He didn’t pass the exam, which surprised us.
总结：
区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式 与主句之间不用逗号隔开 与主句之间有逗号隔开
功能 对先行词进行限定、修饰。如果省去从句部分剩余部分意义便不完整、不明确 对先行词作附加说明。去掉后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整、明确
先行词 名词、代词或名词词组 名词、名词词组或整个主句
引导词 所有关系词 除that 和 why之外的关系词
翻译 先译从句再译先行词 主句从句分别翻译
As ：
as可以引导非限制性定语从句，常有＂正如……＂的意思，所引导的从句既可置于主句之前， 也可置于主句之后。as多用于固定搭配中：
as is known to all众所周知 as has been said before如前所说
as is often the case情况常常如此 as may be imagined这可以想象得出
as has been pointed out正如已经指出的那样 as often happens这种情况常常发生
as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的
?As you know, David is a photographer.
=David, as you know, is a photographer.
= David is a photographer, as you know.
戴维是名摄影师，你是知道的。（as引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。）
Ex:⑴_____ is often the case, Girls like dolls while boys like guns.
⑵Jack has won the first prize,_____ it often happens.
⑶He changed his mind again,_______ made us all angry.
一、定语从句中需注意的问题
1. 当先行词为表示方式的the way时，从句不能用how来引导，应用that或in which，或将它们全部省略。
2. as引导限制性定语从句时，常用于下列句式中：such＋名词＋as ...＂像……一样的＂；the same＋名词＋as ...＂和……同样的＂。
3. 当先行词是time时，若time表示＂次数＂，应用that引导定语从句，并且that可以省略；若time表示＂一段时间＂讲，应用when或＂at/during＋which＂引导定语从句。
?This is the second time(that)the president has visited the country.
这是这位总统第二次访问这个国家。
?This is at a time when/during which there were no radios，no telephones or no TV sets.
这是在一个没有收音机，没有电话，也没有电视的时代。
4. 定语从句中的主谓一致
当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的数原则上要与先行词保持一致，但要注意以下几点：先行词是＂one of＋复数名词＂结构时，关系代词引导的定语从句中的谓语动词一般用复数形式；但如有the very，the only，the first，the last，the right等修饰one时，谓语动词用单数。
?This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
这是被问过的最有意思的问题之一。
?She is the only one of the girls who studies hard.
她是这些女孩中唯一一个刻苦学习的。
二、定语从句与地点状语从句的区别
当定语从句的引导词与地点状语从句的连接词都是where时，定语从句修饰、限制、说明地点名词；而状语从句则说明动作发生的地点，where没有对应的地点名词或代词。
?This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.
这就是几年前我们常居住的地方。（定语从句）
?Let’s go where we can find a better job.
我们到我们能找到更好工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）
三、定语从句与强调句型的区别
定语从句对名词或代词的修饰和限制，关系词可能是that, which, as, who, but, 另一方面，句子中的It有所指；而强调句型是对某部分加强语气，强调语气的连接词只能是that, who，并且句子中的It 没有任何意义；一般比较明显，而有时就难以区别，还需要根据上下文的语境来判断。
It is a book that he wants.
它究竟是强调句型还是定语从句，就要从语境上来考察。如果它是用来回答What is this / that? 这样的问题，意思是：它是一本他想要的书。句子显然是定语从句。如果是用来回答What does he want? 这样的问题，那么意思是：他想要的是一本书。显然，句子是强调句型。
四 练习
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
a.⑴The fact_____ she told me yesterday is very important.
⑵The fact______ she has known the result of the examination is clear.
b.⑴____is known to all that the earth is round.
⑵___ is known to all,the earth is round.
⑶____ is known to us all is that the earth is round.
2.定语从句与强调句型的区别
⑴It was a room______ we used to have meeting.
⑵It was in the room_____ we used to have meeting.
3.定语从句与并列句的区别
⑴Mr li has three daughters,none of _____ is an engineer.
⑵Mr li has three daughters,but none of _____ is an engineer.
⑶Mr li has three daughters;_______ are doctors.
定语从句与状语从句的区别
a.⑴He left the key_____ he had been an hour ago.
⑵He left the place _______ he lived for many years.
b.⑴He is such a good teacher_____ we all love and respect.
⑵He is such a good teacher_____ we all love and respect him.