简单句
导入
句子的分类
教学过程
Step1 简单句的概念
只有一个主语（并列主语）和一个谓语（并列谓语）的句子，即一套主谓关系
判断下面句子是哪种句子类型？
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
2. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
3.What he said at the meeting is very important.
Step2 简单句的分类
陈述句 祈使句 There be句型 疑问句 感叹句
Step3 陈述句
直击中考：
1. popular, a, is, singer, he
2. a cup of, Lucy, me, tea, brought
提示：看标点。(1)若所给标点为句号，则需根据所给词汇判断是陈述句、There be 句型、祈使句还是复合句。
(2)若所给词汇中有可以做主语的名词、代词、动名词等，则为陈述句。
(3)若所给词汇中只有一个主语和谓语，那么该句为简单句.
Step4 祈使句
祈使句是英语基本句型之一，有表示请求、命令、警告、禁止、劝告等意思。祈使句一般没有主语，实际上是省略了主语“You”。
直击中考：
1. luck, wish, good, you
2. on time, to, remember, arrive
提示：若所给词汇中没有做主语的词汇，则为祈使句。
Step5 There be句型
There be 句型是英语中一种常见的句子结构，通常翻译成“有”，它以there开始，后接be动词的各种形式，随后才是主语，主语之后又是表示时间、地点的状语，there 无实意，be 动词表示“存在”的意思。
(1) There be 的就近原则。Be 动词的单复数形式必须和There be 之后的第一个主语保持一致。如果第一个主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词，则用单数；如果第一个主语是可数名词复数，则用复数。如，There is a book and some pens on the desk.
(2) There be句型的否定式。There be 的否定形式是在be动词后面加上not, not any, no. 如，There is not any trees on the hill nowadays.
(3) There be句型的疑问句。若变为一般疑问句需要把be动词提前呆句首。如，Is there any trees on the hill?
(4)There be sb. doing sth.+地点、时间。表示某地/某时某人正在做某事。如，There is someone singing in the classroom.
直击中考：
1. five, in our group, there, students, are
2. under the tree, some, there, are, children
3. interesting activities, many, there were
提示：若所给词汇中有可以做主语的名词、代词、动名词等，且有there be，则为there be 句型，此时there be位于句首，后加主语+其他。
Step 5 疑问句
1.一般疑问句 2.特殊疑问句 3.选择疑问句
1（1）一般疑问句：用于询问某事物或情况是否属实，句末用升调；通常需要对方做出肯定或否定回答，答句中一般有yes或no。
一般疑问句结构
2. 特殊疑问句
（1）以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
常用的疑问词有：what、where、which、Who、when、Why、How
How many、How much、How often、
How long、How far、How soon、How old 等
（2）特殊疑问句的结构
What is your job?
Where is my schoolbag?
Which food do you think is healthy?
Who are you going to the movies with?
When will you finish the homework?
Why did the emperors build the wall?
How do you get to school?
结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语）
（3）选择疑问句
提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答，这种问句叫做选择疑问句。选择疑问句的两种或以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能用yes或no.
结构：一般疑问句+一个供选择对象+or+另一个供选择对象？
Are you a teacher or a student?
Do you come to school by bus or by train?
直击中考：
1.for lunch, we, what, do, have
2. it, outside, hot, is
3. night, did, last, rain, it
Step 6 感叹句
所谓感叹句，就是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。
感叹句通常由how和what来引导。
（1）由“how”引导的感叹句：修饰形容词或副词
1）How terrible it is!
2）How nice the pictures are!
3）How hard they are working now!
4）How time flies!
结构：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！
How+主语+谓语！
（2）由“what”引导的感叹句：修饰名词，单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an，复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词
1)What a good chance it is!
2)What beautiful flowers they are!
3)What delicious food it is!
结构：1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式(+主语+谓语)！
2)What+形容词+可数名词复数形式(+主语+谓语)！
3)What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)！
直击中考：
1. food you cooked!
A. How a nice B. What a nice
C. How nice D. What nice
2. --- exciting the movie is !
--- Sure , I have seen it three times .
A. What B. What an C. How D. How an
3. day, a, is, what, beautiful, it
!
小结：仔细观察后你就会发现，在感叹句的主语前，若还有名词存在时，用What来引导；
在感叹句的主语前若无名词时，则用How来引导。
导学案答案：
简单句 并列句 复合句
He is a popular singer. Lucy brought me a cup of tea.
Wish you good luck. Remember to arrive on time.
There are five students in our group.
There are some students under the tree.
What do you have for lunch? Is it hot outside? Did it rain last night?
D C
What a beautiful day it is!
(共25张PPT)
目录
1
简单句的概念
2
简单句的分类
句子的分类
分类 说明 例句
简
单
句 由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子。即一套主谓关系。
1. Tom and I found her there.
2. We all breathe, eat and work.
并
列
句 由并列连词（and,so,but, or等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。 1. He likes eggs, but he doesn’t like chickens.
复
合
句 由一个主句和一个或
一个以上的从句构成
的句子。 1. I believe you are right.
只有一个主语（并列主语）和一个谓语（并列谓语）的句子，即一套主谓关系
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
2. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
3. If you study harder, you will pass the exam.
并列句
复合句
简单句
一、简单句的概念：
陈述句
祈使句
There be句型
疑问句
感叹句
二、简单句的分类：
1
2
3
4
5
1、陈述句
1. popular, a, is, singer, he.
He is a popular singer.
2. a cup of, Lucy, me, tea, brought.
Lucy brought me a cup of tea.
提示：看标点。(1)若所给标点为句号，则需根据所给词汇判断是陈述句、There be 句型、祈使句还是复合句。
(2)若所给词汇中有可以做主语的名词、代词、动名词等，则为陈述句。
(3)若所给词汇中只有一个主语和谓语，那么该句为简单句.
直击中考
祈使句是英语基本句型之一，有表示请求、命令、警告、禁止、劝告等意思。
祈使句一般没有主语，实际上是省略了主语“You”
2、祈使句
祈使句的类别
句式
肯定形式
否定形式
Do 型：(Please+)动词原形+其他 Please listen to me carefully. (Please) don't read in the sun.
Be 型：Be+形容词 Be quiet. Don't be late for class.
Let 型：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 Let's have a rest. Don't let him go there alone.
Let him not go there alone.
No 型：No+名词/动名词 No photos.
No smoking.
1. luck, wish, good, you.
Wish you good luck.
2. (2018河北) on time, to, remember, arrive.
Remember to arrive on time.
提示：若所给词汇中没有做主语的词汇，则为祈使句。
直击中考
There be 句型是英语中一种常见的句子结构，通常翻译成“有”，它以there开始，后接be动词的各种形式，随后才是主语，主语之后又是表示时间或者地点的状语，there 无实意.
3、There be 句型
(1) There be 的就近原则。Be 动词的单复数形式必须和There be 之后的第一个主语保持一致。如果第一个主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词，则用单数；如果第一个主语是可数名词复数，则用复数。如，There is a book and some pens on the desk.
(2) There be句型的否定式。There be 的否定形式是在be动词后面加上not, not any, no. 如，There is not any trees on the hill nowadays.
There be 句型用法
(3) There be句型的疑问句。若变为一般疑问句需要把be动词提至句首。如，Is there any trees on the hill?
(4)There be sb. doing sth.+地点/时间。表示某地/某时某人正在做某事。如，There is someone singing in the classroom.
There be 句型用法
1. five, in our group, there, students, are.
There are five students in our group.
2. (2016河北) under the tree, some, there, are, children.
There are some children under the tree.
提示：若所给词汇中有可以做主语的名词、代词、动名词等，且有there be，则为there be 句型，此时there be 位于句首，后加主语+其他。
直击中考
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
选择疑问句
4、疑问句
1
2
3
一般疑问句用于询问某事物或情况是否属实，句末用升调；通常需要对方做出肯定或否定回答，答句中一般有yes或no。
（1）一般疑问句
一般疑问句的结构
结构 例句
Be +主语+其他？ ---Is she a nurse？
---No, she isn't. She is a teacher.
情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ ---Must I finish the report today?
---Yes,you must.
---No, you needn't.
助动词+主语+动词原形/过去分词+其他？ Do you want to go with me?
Have you been to Beijing?
以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
常用的疑问词有：what、where、which、who、when、why、how
How many、How much、How often、
How long、How far、How soon、How old 等
（2）特殊疑问句
What is your job?
Where is my schoolbag?
Which food do you think is healthy?
Who are you going to the movies with?
When will you finish the homework?
Why did the emperors build the wall?
How do you get to school?
结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
特殊疑问句的结构
提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答，这种问句叫做选择疑问句。选择疑问句的两种或以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能用yes或no.
---Are you a teacher or a student?
---A teacher.
结构：一般疑问句+一个供选择对象+or+另一个供选择对象？
1.for lunch, we, what, do, have ?
What do we have for lunch?
2. it, outside, hot, is ?
Is it hot outside?
3. night, did, last, rain, it ?
Did it rain last night?
提示:若所给标点为问号,则为疑问句.若所给词汇中有where, who等特殊疑问词，则为特殊疑问句；若没有特殊疑问词，则为一般疑问句.
直击中考
所谓感叹句，就是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。
感叹句通常由how和what来引导。
由“how”引导的感叹句：修饰形容词或副词
(1)How terrible it is!
(2)How nice the pictures are!
(3)How hard they are working now!
(4)How time flies!
结构：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！
How+主语+谓语！
由“what”引导的感叹句：修饰名词，单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an，复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词
(1)What a good chance it is!
(2)What beautiful flowers they are!
(3)What delicious food it is!
结构：(1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式(+主语+谓语)！
(2)What+形容词+可数名词复数形式(+主语+谓语)！
(3)What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)！
1. food you cooked!
A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice
2. --- exciting the movie is !
--- Sure , I have seen it three times .
A. What B. What an C. How D. How an
3.day, a, is, what, beautiful, it！
What a beautiful day it is!
总结:1. 选择题--在感叹句的主语前若还有名词存在时，用What来引导;感叹句的主语前无名词时,则用How来引导.
2. 连词成句--How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！
What+(a/an)+形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)！
直击中考
想
1
简单句的概念
2
简单句的分类
