动词不定式(教师版)

动词不定式
动词不定式的形式
进行式
to have done
to be doing
不定式
被动 Ito be done to h
have been done
appears to be very happy
To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi
It happened to be raining when we got there
sorry to have lost yo
our ke
He is said to have studied abroad
These books are to be given out to the students
2动词不定式的用法
作主语
e.g. To know oneself is difficult
在很多情况下,我们通常用作形式主语
e.g. It is impossible to learn a foreign language without making painstaking efforts
作表语
不定式作表语,一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。
动名词作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为。
通常情况下,如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea, happiness,plan, problem,
purpose, thing,wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语
起补充说明作用
e.g. His wish is to become(become)an astronaut
His hobby is collecting(collect)stamps
作宾语
(1)下列动词只能跟不定式作宾语
afford, agree, arrange, attempt, choose, claim, dare, decide, determine, desire, expect, fail, fear
help, hesitate, hope, manage, learn, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake,
tend, resolve等
e.g. Only then can you figure out what you can afford to pay
只有那时你才能算出你能买得起什么。
He pretended not to see me when I passed by
当我经过时,他假装没看见我
2)下列动词(短语)常跟疑问词+不定式'作宾语
2