高中英语牛津译林版 高二上册Unit 1 Laughter is good for you 课件+学案含答案（10份打包）

Unit 1 Laughter is good for you

俗话说，笑一笑，十年少。高尔基也说过，只有爱笑的人，生活才能过得更美好。笑是生命哲理，笑是生活智慧，笑是生存策略，笑是人生境界。笑是最好的人生态度，笑是最好的人类生活。我们需要笑，生活需要笑。
Laughter Is the Best Medicine
—The Health Benefits of Humor and Laughter

More than just brightening up your day, sharing a good laugh can actually improve your health.The sound of laughter draws people together in ways that trigger(使发生) healthy physical and emotional changes in the body.Laughter can reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, strengthen your immune system, and diminish(减少) pain.As children, we used to laugh hundreds of times a day, but as adults life tends to be more serious and laughter more infrequent.By seeking out more opportunities for humor and laughter, though, you can improve your emotional health, strengthen your relationships, find greater happiness—and even add years to your life.
What you can do
1．Share funny moments—even if they are embarrassing—with friends
2．Host a game night for friends
3．When you hear laughter, move towards it
4．Seek out playful people who laugh easily
5．Learn to laugh at yourself
Why is laughter the sweetest medicine for mind and body?
Nothing balances your nervous system faster than communicating face?to?face with another person.
Add laughter to that communication and you have a powerful antidote(解药) to stress, anxiety, pain, and conflict.Humor lightens your burdens, inspires hopes, connects you to others, and keeps you grounded, focused, and alert.It also helps you to release anger and be more forgiving.
With so much power to heal and renew, the ability to laugh easily and frequently is a tremendous(巨大的) resource for surmounting problems, enhancing your relationships, and supporting both physical and emotional health.
Laughter is good for your health
Laughter relaxes the whole body.A good, hearty laugh relieves physical tension and stress, leaving your muscles relaxed for up to 45 minutes after.
Laughter protects the heart.Laughter improves the function of blood vessels and increases blood flow, which can help protect you against a heart attack and other cardiovascular(心脏血管的) problems.
Laughter lightens anger’s heavy load.Nothing diffuses anger and conflict faster than a shared laugh.Looking at the funny side can put problems into perspective and enable you to move on from confrontations without holding onto bitterness or resentment.
Laughter may even help you to live longer.A study in Norway found that people with a strong sense of humor outlived those who don’t laugh as much.The difference was particularly notable for those battling cancer.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Warming Up




1．weekly n． 周刊； 周报
adj. 每周的
2．stage n. 舞台； 阶段， 时期
3．previous adj. 先前的， 以往的
4．style n. 风格； 方式； 样式
5．little?known adj. 鲜为人知的
6．academy n. 研究院， 学会； 专科院校
7．visual adj. 视觉的

8．tease vt.取笑； 揶揄； 戏弄→teasing adj.戏弄的；揶揄的
9．variety n. (同一事物)不同种类； 多种样式→various adj.各种各样的 →vary v．改变；使多样化
10．behave vi.& vt. 表现 →behaviour n．行为；举止；品行＝behavior<美>
11．performance n. 表演， 演出；表现， 业绩 →perform v．执行；表演→performer n．表演者；执行者
12．affection n. 喜爱， 钟爱 →affect vt.影响；感动→affected adj.受影响的；受感动的
13．amuse vt. 逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐→amusing adj.有趣的；引人发笑的
14．technical adj. 技术的； 技能的 →technology n．技术；工艺；工艺学→technologist n．技术专家

1. stand__up__for 支持， 维护
2. trip__over 绊倒
3. make__fun__of 拿……开玩笑； 取笑， 嘲弄
4. have__affection__for 喜爱， 钟爱
5. come__up__with 想出； 拿出
6. pass__away 去世， 亡故
7. depend(rely)__on/upon 依赖
8. queue__up 排队等候
9. follow__in__the__footsteps__of__sb. 追随某人的脚步； 效仿某人
10. make__jokes__about 拿某事开玩笑

1．while “虽然”， 引导让步状语从句
While__this__kind__of__humour__may__sound__cruel,__it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.
这种幽默听起来可能有点刻薄， 但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被打趣的对象时， 这种幽默才奏效。
2．省略句
He says it is because when he started practising stand?up as a child, he told himself jokes while__standing__in__front__of__the__mirror,__brushing his teeth.
他说， 这是因为在他小时候开始练习单口喜剧时， 他站在镜子面前，边刷牙边给自己讲笑话。
3．One reason...is that...……的一个原因是……
One__reason Crystal has become so famous is__that__he__is__very__quick__thinking,__and__is__often__able__to__come__up__with__new__jokes about the people and things around him.
克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷， 常常能就身边的人或事即兴编出笑话来。
4．what引导的宾语从句
Doctors have been researching what__effect stand?up and other forms of comedy have on us, and have discovered that people who laugh a lot live longer.
医务工作者们一直在研究单口喜剧和其他喜剧形式能够对我们产生什么样的影响， 并已发现经常笑的人更长寿。
5．whatever引导的让步状语从句的省略
Whatever__the__reason,__research shows that in the end, the English saying, ‘Laughter is the best medicine’， may be true after all.
不管是什么原因， 研究表明， 那句英语格言 “笑是灵丹妙药” 到头来可能真的没错。

Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．A stand?up comedian ________ while performing.
A．enjoys laughing
B．enjoys making fun of himself
C．usually takes advantage of the audience
D．has prepared a lot of jokes in advance
2．Billy Crystal started his career ________．
A．as a television actor　 B．as a film actor
C．as a host D．as a stand?up comedian
3．What’s the author’s main purpose by writing the last paragraph?
A．To introduce the stand?up comedy to us.
B．To make us know about famous comedians like Bob Hope and George Burns.　　
C．To tell people that laughing is the best medicine.　
D．To help us learn how to perform stand?up comedian.
4．We can infer from the last paragraph comedians are expected to ________．
A．enjoy a very long life
B．work till the end of life
C．have no plans to stop work
D．perform stand?up
答案： 1－4.CDCA
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．A stand?up comedian may tease an audience member, or might decide to tell different jokes depending upon how the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes.

A stand?up comedian是________语； may tease an audience member, or might decide to tell different jokes是两个并列的动作； depending upon是现在分词作________语； how the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes是________从句。
[尝试翻译]　单口喜剧演员可以拿某一位观众________， 也可以根据观众对他/她之前所讲的笑话的反应____________， 讲各种不同的笑话。
答案：主；状；宾语；开玩笑；随机应变
2．For example, they may talk about how people act when they queue up, or they may ask why it only rains when you forget your umbrella.

这是一个由连词or连接的________句； 在第一个分句中 how people act是宾语从句； when they queue up是________从句； 在第二个分句they may ask why it only rains when you forget your umbrella中， why it only rains是________从句； when you forget your umbrella是时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译]　例如， 他们可能会谈论人们______________， 或者可能问为什么偏偏在你忘记带雨伞时________。
答案：并列；时间状语；宾语；排队时的举动；天会下雨


Stand up for① your health!
People have always enjoyed laughing, and there has always been humour.One favourite type of comedy is called stand?up②.Stand?up is a kind of comedy that is done on a stage③ by a comedian④ talking straight to audience members⑤.A stand?up comedian may tease⑥ an audience member, or might decide to tell different jokes depending upon how the audience reacted to⑦ his or her previous⑧ jokes.
①stand up for支持，维护
②stand?up['st?nd?p]n.单口喜剧　adj.(喜剧)单人表演的
③stage[steId?]n.舞台；阶段，时期
that引导的定语从句，修饰a kind of comedy。
④comedian[k?'mi?dI?n]n.喜剧演员，滑稽演员
⑤现在分词短语talking straight to audience members作后置定语，修饰a comedian。
⑥tease[ti?z]vt.取笑；揶揄；戏弄
⑦react to对……作出反应
⑧previous['pri?vI?s]adj.先前的，以往的

欣赏单口喜剧，促进身心健康！
人们总是爱笑，幽默无时不在。一种深受人们喜爱的喜剧形式叫做单口喜剧。单口喜剧是一种由一位喜剧演员在舞台上直接与观众交流而表演的喜剧。单口喜剧演员可以拿某一位观众开玩笑，也可以根据观众对他/她之前所讲的笑话的反应随机应变，讲各种不同的笑话。　　

Types of stand?up
There are a variety⑨ of different styles⑩ of stand?up comedy.Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave? or about daily life.For example, they may talk about how people act when they queue up?， or they may ask why it only rains when you forget your umbrella.Other comedians rely on? visual? humour.Their humour may be inspired by objects.For example, one comedian uses a huge hammer? to break watermelons while he makes jokes about what he is doing.Another comedian points to a video tennis game and says, ‘I’ve been playing tennis? every day for a month.I don’t understand why I am not losing weight！’ Yet other comedians may trip? over chairs, walk into doors, and fall down on stage in order to? make people laugh.This kind of absurd humour is not very funny if you are only listening and not watching the comedian’s performance?.The last kind of comedian does impressions—he or she will act or speak like a well?known person in order to make fun of? that person.While this kind of humour may sound cruel, it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.
⑨variety[v?'raI?tI]n.(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式
a variety of 不同种类的，各种各样的
⑩style[staIl]n.风格；方式；样式
?behave[bI'heIv]vi.&vt.表现
people behave是定语从句，修饰the way。
?queue up排队
?rely on根据；凭借；依靠
?visual['vI???l]adj.视觉的
?hammer['h?m?(r)]n.锤子，榔头vt.敲，捶打
?I’ve been playing tennis...为现在完成进行时，此处强调“一直做……”。
?trip[trIp]vi.&vt.绊，(使)绊倒　trip over绊倒
?in order to为了；以便
?performance[p?'f??m?ns]n.表演，演出；表现，业绩
?make fun of拿……开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄
while在此处引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
affection[?'fek?n]n.喜爱，钟爱
have affection for喜爱，钟爱
being made fun of为现在分词短语作后置定语。

单口喜剧的类型
单口喜剧有很多不同的类型。有些喜剧演员拿人们的行为方式或日常生活开玩笑。例如，他们可能会谈论人们排队时的举动，或者可能问为什么偏偏在你忘记带雨伞时天会下雨。另外一些喜剧演员依靠视觉幽默。他们的幽默可能是由物品激发的。例如，某个喜剧演员一边拿着个巨大的锤子去砸西瓜，一边以此说着笑话。另一个喜剧演员指着电脑网球游戏说：“我每天都打网球，已经一个月了。我就是搞不懂体重为什么降不下来！”还有些别的喜剧演员可能玩这些把戏逗笑观众：被椅子绊倒，撞到了房门上，或是跌倒在舞台上。如果你只是听而不看喜剧演员的表演，这种荒唐的幽默就不搞笑了。最后一种喜剧演员做印象模仿——他或她的动作或说话方式都像某个名人，目的是取笑那人。这种幽默听起来可能有点刻薄，但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被打趣的对象时，这种幽默才奏效。

A famous comedian
Only a few stand?up comedians have become famous as television and film performers later on in life.One such person is Billy Crystal.Like other stand?up comedians who have gone on to act in films, Crystal still enjoys stand?up.People around the world enjoy watching him when he hosts the Academy Awards.He has hosted the show nine times.Each time, he performs his stand?up routine in front of millions of people when the show is broadcast live on TV.One little?known fact is that when Crystal is the host of the Academy Awards, he always keeps a toothbrush in his pocket for good luck.He says it is because when he started practising stand?up as a child, he told himself jokes while standing in front of the mirror , brushing his teeth.
performer[p?'f??m?(r)]n.演员；表演者
go on to do sth.接着做另一件事
who引导定语从句修饰comedians。
academy[?'k?d?mI]n.研究院，学会；专科院校
the Academy Awards学院奖，又称奥斯卡金像奖。
perform[p?'f??m]vt.&vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，运转
routine n．例行公事；常规，惯例
broadcast live现场直播
little?known[?lItl'n??n]adj.鲜为人知的
it is because...这是因为……，because引导表语从句。
while standing...是状语从句的省略。
brushing his teeth为现在分词短语作伴随状语。

一位著名的喜剧演员
只有为数不多的单口喜剧演员在之后的生涯中成为走红的影视明星。 比利·克里斯托就是这样的一个人。与其他转向电影表演的单口喜剧演员一样，克里斯托依然热爱单口喜剧。全世界的观众都喜爱看他主持的奥斯卡颁奖典礼。他已主持了九届奥斯卡颁奖典礼。每次他都会通过电视直播在数百万观众面前表演他的单口喜剧节目。这里有一个鲜为人知的事实：每次主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼的时候，克里斯托总要在自己的口袋里放一把牙刷以求好运。他说，这是因为在他小时候开始练习单口喜剧时，他站在镜子面前，边刷牙边给自己讲笑话。　　
One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking , and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.When Crystal was the host of the 2004 Academy Awards, a very old actor, who had acted in films before they had sound, gave a speech.He talked for several minutes, but there was a technical problem, and no one in the audience could hear him.They could only see him standing there moving his lips.Instead of telling the joke he had planned , Crystal made up a new one.He said, ‘It seems appropriate that he got his start in silent films！’ The audience howled with laughter.
Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.This proves that stand?up can be enjoyed by everyone.You can expect to hear a lot more from Billy Crystal—he has no plans to stop making films, or to stop telling jokes.He hopes to follow in the footsteps of other famous comedians, such as Bob Hope and George Burns, who lived to be 100 years old and kept working until nearly the end of their lives.,此处是One/The reason...is that...句型。that引导的是表语从句。
come up with想出；拿出
technical['teknIkl]adj.技术的；技能的
see him standing there 为“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
lip[lIp]n.嘴唇
instead of代替；而不是
he had planned为定语从句，修饰joke。
make up编造； 虚构
silent film n．无声电影
it是形式主语，真正主语是that从句。
howl[ha?l]vi.大叫，嚎叫n.嚎叫，喊叫声
be popular with sb.受某人喜爱
amuse[?'mju?z]vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐
follow in the footsteps of sb.追随某人；效仿某人
such as 诸如……之类的；例如
keep (on) doing sth.继续做某事，一直做某事

克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷，常常能就身边的人或事即兴编出笑话来。 当克里斯托主持2004年的奥斯卡颁奖典礼时，曾在无声电影中扮演过角色的一位很老的演员上台发言。他讲了几分钟，但由于技术故障，观众中没有人能够听见他在说些什么。大家只能看见他站在那里，嘴唇动个不停。 见此情景，克里斯托放弃了事先准备好的笑话，编了一个新的。他说：“看来，他的确适合从无声电影起家！”观众哄堂大笑。
克里斯托深受各年龄段人群的喜爱，他有能力让全世界的人开心。这证明，单口喜剧能得到所有人的喜爱。你可以期待听到更多比利·克里斯托的单口喜剧——他尚无息影的打算，也没有停止讲笑话的想法。他希望效仿像鲍勃·霍普和乔治·伯恩斯等单口喜剧明星，他们都活到了一百岁，并且一直工作到生命的最后时期。　　

Laughter is good for your health!
Nowadays, stand?up comedy is popular all over the world.Doctors have been researching what effect stand?up and other forms of comedy have on us, and have discovered that people who laugh a lot live longer.They say this is because when you laugh, your brain sends chemicals around your body that are good for you.Laughing helps your body stay healthy and can even help you fight pain.Maybe this explains the long lives of men like Bob Hope and George Burns.Whatever the reason , research shows that in the end, the English saying, ‘Laughter is the best medicine’， may be true after all.So, go and make someone laugh— it just might help them (and you) live longer.
be good for对……有益；对……有好处
have (an) effect on对……有影响
this is...for you为say的宾语从句，because引导表语从句，when引导时间状语从句，that are good for you为chemicals的定语从句。
Whatever the reason为让步状语从句Whatever the reason is的省略形式。
saying['seII?]n.格言，谚语，警句
after all毕竟，终究
make someone laugh为“make＋宾语十宾补”结构。

笑有益健康！
如今，单口喜剧流行全世界。医务工作者们一直在研究单口喜剧和其他喜剧形式能够对我们产生什么样的影响，并已发现经常笑的人更长寿。他们说这是因为当你笑的时候，你的大脑会向全身传送有益健康的化学物质。笑有助于保持身体健康，甚至能够帮助你战胜疼痛。这个说法或许能够解释像鲍勃·霍普和乔治·伯恩斯这样的人长寿的原因吧。不管是什么原因，研究表明，那句英语格言“笑是灵丹妙药”到头来可能真的没错。所以，行动起来，让别人笑一笑——这或许能够有助于他们(还有你自己)更长寿。


A卷
阅读理解
A
It is 7 am on a gray Thursday，and I am on the telephone to a group of strangers struggling with excited laughter.There must be 20 of them—men and women， young and old—laughing.These people have never met， nor do they know each other’s names.Yet for 10 minutes， five mornings a week， they simply pick up the phone and laugh.
This is the “laughter line” part of the growing industry in laughter treatment，Britain’s latest and most unusual treatment.The simple act of laughing is increasingly being used as a method for dealing with mental and physical disorders. Since it was founded in 2004， the UK Laughter Network has increased ten times， training 8，000 people to use laughter to improve their health.
So how does it work？ It reduces stress. A Maryland study found that it expands the inner lining of our blood vessels(血管) and so improves circulation.“Your immune system is strengthened by up to 40 percent，”explains laughter therapist Julie Whitehead，whose work includes training those who work at Great Ormond Street Hospital.Laughter has also been shown to lower blood pressure and improve mental function.
But Lotte Mikkelson， 45， founder of the laughter line，warns that it’s important to see it as a method of treatment—not a cure.“In 2008， I was diagnosed(诊断) with an incurable disease，”she explains. “My sister died at the age of 32 from it，so I know what could happen.Since I started laughing，I haven’t had any worsening and my health is great.I’d never say laughter is a cure—but it can help.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了笑对健康的促进作用。
1．Why do the strangers laugh on the phone？
A.They want to make more friends.
B.They are struggling with mental illness.
C.They do so for the good of their health.
D.They are taking an optimistic attitude to life.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的This is the “laughter line” part of the growing industry in laughter treatment可知，这是“笑声疗法”，因此他们的笑是出于健康原因。
2．How does the UK Laughter Network help people？
A.By training them to use laughter.
B.By providing them with free medicine.
C.By inspiring them to realize their dreams.
D.By involving them in effective communication.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的the UK Laughter Network has increased ten times， training 8，000 people to use laughter to improve their health可知，UK Laughter Network训练人们使用大笑来改善他们的健康状况。
3．What can we learn from Lotte Mikkelson’s words in the last paragraph？
A.She has recovered from her illness.
B.She thinks of laughter as a cure for her disease.
C.She believes laughter is helpful for her condition.
D.She regrets not teaching her sister laughter treatment.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据末段中的Since I started laughing， I haven’t had any worsening and my health is great.可知，Lotte Mikkelson认为经常大笑会对她的身体状况有好处。
4．What is the best title of the text？
A.How Did a Laughter Line Come into Being？
B.Why Do People Seldom Laugh in Life？
C.Laughter Makes You More Popular
D.Laughter Is the Best Medicine
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文说明笑对健康起到了重要的作用，用“笑是最佳良药”作标题符合文章主旨。
B
With all the wars， fighting and sadness in the world today， it’s not only necessary， but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives.Putting a smile on someone’s face when you know they are feeling down in the dumps(处于沮丧中)， as the saying goes， makes me feel good and warms my heart.
How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife， husband， child， co?worker， neighbor， close friend， or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store？ I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh， even if I don’t know the person I’m joking around with.My grandma always found humor in everything she did， even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine.This not only relieves stress in any situation， but also is common courtesy(礼貌) to speak to others that are around you.
I know of a few people that don’t have a funny bone in their bodies， as they say.Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face.They don’t get the joke that makes others laugh.I am busting a gut while they just sit there， looking at me as if I were from outer space.How can people not get a really funny joke？
Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control.Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems， or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy.There is too much sadness in this present world.It drives people crazy.We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our lives.So， I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.
【解题导语】　作者在本文中介绍了大笑和幽默对人们的好处， 建议大家多听笑话， 在日常生活中做到幽默， 因为幽默和大笑是最好的药。
5．According to the author， humor is useful in the aspect that 　　　　Ｗ.
A.it makes people more confident
B.it can pick up people’ s spirits
C.it can help rid the cruelty in the world
D.it can help people get on well with others
B　解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and...warms my heart可知， 幽默感可以帮助我们度过生活中的每一天， 可以使人恢复好的精神状态。
6．The phrase “busting a gut” in the third paragraph can be replaced by “　　　　”.
A.explaining carefully　　　　 B.speaking loud
C.keeping silent D.laughing hard
D　解析： 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的They don’t get the joke that makes others laugh.I am busting a gut while they just sit there， looking at me as if I were from outer space.可以推知， 此处是指当他们坐在那里时， “我”哈哈大笑， 他们看着“我”好像“我”是来自外太空一样。
7．In writing the passage， the author mainly intends to 　　　　Ｗ.
A.talk about his own understanding of humor
B.encourage people to be humorous in daily life
C.introduce a practical way to get through daily life
D.convince people of the power of being optimistic about life
B　解析： 写作意图题。本文介绍了幽默对人的好处， 最后一段总结了幽默和笑是最好的药。 故本题答案为B项。
8．What is the author’s attitude towards the present world？
A.Passive. B.Critical.
C.Satisfied. D.Indifferent.
B　解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的With all the wars， fighting and sadness in the world today， it’s not only necessary， but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives.和最后一段中的There is too much sadness in this present world.It drives people crazy.可知， 作者对这个世界持批评态度。
C
We know a lot about the advantages and disadvantages of reading a hard?copy book vs. reading electronically. The problem is， many of us refuse to listen.
Don’t get me wrong： Digital reading has some real advantages. Ask people what they like most about reading on digital screens， and you hear over and over again about convenience. More points for digital reading：e?books tend to be cheaper. There’s also the environmental argument. Think of the trees！
Yet the soundness of this case is arguable. The earth metals to build e?readers are not just rare but highly poisonous. And think about all that energy needed to run servers and cooling fans. And remember， trees are a renewable resource.
Then， there’s the appeal of a hard copy. Many people prefer print when reading both for pleasure and for school or work. Drawing examples from my own research， some of the reasons are aesthetic(美学的). Others involve a sense of accomplishment， ease of annotation(“I can write on the pages”)， and navigation(“easy to locate where I was”). Meanwhile， I hear abundant complaints about eye strain(眼疲劳) and headaches when using screens.
Much of what students liked about reading print involved their minds. They say “it’s easier to focus”. Some also acknowledged they took more time with printed text and read more carefully.
But what makes the failure of electronic reading is concentration. More than 92% of those I surveyed said they concentrated best when reading a hard copy. When a digital device has an Internet connection， it’s hard to resist the temptation(诱惑).
So if digital interruptions don’t threaten your enjoyment or understanding of a text， then medium may not matter. Casual reading like David Baldacci？ If you break to check sports scores， there will be little harm done. But just don’t expect to understand Joyce’s novels this way.
【解题导语】　文章主要介绍了在网络高度发达的社会中，电子书愈来愈有替代纸质书的趋势，然而作者通过对比两者的优缺点表达了对纸质书的青睐。
9．What is an advantage of reading a hard?copy book？
A.It is cheaper.
B.It is easier to carry around.
C.It helps people think deeper.
D.It provides instant information.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知，读纸质书能让人更专注、更认真，因此思考更深入。故选C项。
10．What’s the biggest problem of reading digitally？
A.Environmental concern.
B.Physical discomfort.
C.Lack of concentration.
D.Internet connection.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的第一句“But what makes the failure of electronic reading is concentration.”可知，电子书阅读的最大问题是缺乏专注。故选C项。
11．What’s the author’s attitude toward e?reading？
A.Supportive.　　　　　　 B.Disapproving.
C.Optimistic. D.Unconcerned.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三至六段尤其是最后一段可知，作者认为，如果电子阅读不会影响你阅读的愉悦感和对文本的理解，那么无可厚非。但是读类似乔伊斯的作品时就不是合适的选择了。由此可推测，作者对电子阅读持不赞成的态度。故选B项。
12．How is the passage mainly developed？
A.By analyzing possible reasons.
B.By providing typical examples.
C.By listing practical suggestions.
D.By presenting direct comparisons.
D　解析：推理判断题。文章的第二段主要讲了电子书的好处，第三段讲了电子书的缺点，第四、五段主要讲了纸质书的益处，第六段讲了电子书的缺点。因此整个文章是通过比较来写作的。故选D项。
七选五
Everyone experiences unhappy times on occasion， but there is a big difference between experiencing a short time of sadness and living an unhappy life.Here are some of the things that lead to an unhappy life and how to deal with them.
Only being a dreamer
Dream your dream， but also realize that you are more than just a dreamer.1.　　　　 But to achieve it， you must break out of your present comfort zone and become comfortable with the unfamiliar.
Continuous self doubt
Don’t spend all your time saying，“I’m not smart enough，thin enough or rich enough.” 2.　　　　
Obsession (迷恋) with control
Learn to let go of control， relax and ride the path that life takes you.Try something new， take a chance， but above all， smile and enjoy the scenery.
Setting unrealistic expectations
You’re going to make mistakes every now and then.You’re a human being.3.　　　　 But making them is also how you grow.
A bad attitude
Optimism is the most important human characteristic， because it allows you to improve yourself.
Slacking(松懈) on exercise
4．　　　　The truth is you don’t have time not to， or sooner or later you’ll be making time for illness.
Overindulgence(过分放纵) of a good thing
Eating too much makes you fat.5.　　　　Playing too much leaves important work undone and so on.
A.One should work hard to get more knowledge.
B.You should try to avoid making mistakes of course.
C.Your dream is your creative goal for your future life.
D.Working too much leaves your family at home missing you.
E.Actually you can be what you want if you take positive steps.
F.If you say you haven’t time to exercise， you’re lying to yourself.
G.People always put too much interest in trying to control everything in their life.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章列举了不快乐的人的七种习惯，拥有这些习惯的人通常会长期过着不快乐的生活。
1．C　解析：该段首句谈到Dream，所以接下来的一句也应该是谈论这一话题，故C项符合语境。
2．E　解析：该段上句谈到不要浪费时间怀疑自己不够完美，E项“付诸行动就会成为自己想成为的人”，承接上句，提出建议。
3．B　解析：根据该段前两句You’re going to make mistakes every now and then. You’re a human being.可知，作者认为人会时不时地犯错，再结合下句But making them is also how you grow.可知，作者认为那是人成长的方式，故B项符合语境。
4．F　解析：根据该段小标题Slacking(松懈) on exercise可知，该段在谈论锻炼问题，再联系下句The truth is you don’t have time not to， or sooner or later you’ll be making time for illness.可知，作者认为如果不锻炼，人迟早会有时间生病，故F项符合语境。
5．D　解析：根据上句Eating too much makes you fat.与下句Playing too much leaves important work undone and soon.可知，设空处也是谈论过度沉迷某件事的后果，故D项符合此处语境。
B卷
阅读理解
In Scotland， 600，000 tonnes of food are thrown away every year. This amount of food， which could feed about 1.2 billion poor people， is almost a third of household(家庭的) waste. And food waste isn’t just a big problem in Scotland.
Money， time， and resources(资源) are often wasted by throwing away good food. It also causes very harmful greenhouse gas， which is perilous to the planet.
In the production stage， some foods do not enter the food chain for many reasons. Supermarkets usually care about the quality of food from farms. They often refuse strange?looking and unusually sized produce. However， they seem to forget that it is almost impossible to grow the perfect produce. Food waste at the consumption(消费) stage includes food going out of date and leftovers(剩饭) because of too much food. In households， even mostly fresh fruit and vegetables are thrown away.
In order to reduce food waste， here is what we can do：
Understand the terms “use by” and “best before” dates. “Use by” dates are there for your safety. It is dangerous to eat food after the use?by date and doing so risks your health. “Best before” dates tell you how long the food will be at its best quality. Once the food passes the date， it isn’t necessarily bad， but you should still check， just to be sure.
Every time you go shopping and bring back new food， put them at the back of your fridge and bring the food that will expire(到期) soon closer to the front. That way， you know what needs to be eaten first.
If you have any food that will expire soon， give it to charity if you aren’t going to eat it. They will really appreciate the food you have given.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物浪费是一个很普遍的问题，并告诉人们如何避免食物浪费。
1．What can we infer from Paragraph 1？
A.Food waste is the biggest part of household waste.
B.Household waste hasn’t drawn much attention.
C.People in Scotland waste the most food.
D.Food waste is a common problem.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，食物浪费不仅是苏格兰的一大问题，食物浪费问题很普遍。
2．What does the underlined word “perilous” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A.Valuable.　　　　　　　 B.Dangerous.
C.Different. D.Unnecessary.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的It also causes very harmful greenhouse gas可知，食物浪费还会产生有害的温室气体，这对地球而言很“危险”。harmful在这里是提示。
3．What should people do to reduce food waste according to the text？
A.Pick usually sized produce.
B.Improve the quality of farm produce.
C.Order produce directly from farmers.
D.Avoid buying too much food at a time.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Food waste at the consumption(消费) stage...even mostly fresh fruit and vegetables are thrown away.可知，在食物消费环节，由于食物过剩导致新鲜水果和蔬菜被扔掉，所以如果人们每次购物时少买一点就可以避免浪费。
4．What advice does the author offer to people？
A.Buy food that will expire soon to reduce waste.
B.Place food carefully according to its expiry date.
C.Throw away food that passes the best?before date.
D.Give food that has passed its use?by date to charity.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Every time you go shopping and bring back new food...soon closer to the front.可知，每次购物回来都把快过期的食物放在前面，这样也可以避免浪费。
完形填空
I was adopted when I was 3 months old. My father didn’t want me at first. He told my mother he was not 　1　 accepting somebody else’s kid. He felt greatly 　2　 because he was unable to give my mother the children they both so deeply 　3　Ｗ.
My dad liked chatting with everyone. He would start 　4　 at the grocery store or at the cinema.Once， while we were visiting a small airport， my dad 　5　 a local pilot(飞行员) into giving me a 　6　 in his airplane. I was surprised that he 　7　 a stranger enough to let me go， 　8　 he did. He never said “no” when I tested my own wings.
Then there was the time when our neighbor’s house was on fire. My adopted brother saw the 　9　 and woke my dad up. Dad told my mom to 　10　 the fire department， and then he went next door to 　11　Ｗ.He opened the front door and called out. Our neighbor 　12　， but Dad couldn’t see her because of the 　13　Ｗ. So he crouched(蹲) down to the floor and kept 　14　 her to come toward his voice. 　15　 he felt her hand and pulled her out of the burning home. He stayed there 　16　 the firemen arrived.
My dad fixed things. He fixed the car when it 　17　Ｗ.He repaired the hot water heater when it stopped working. I remember there is 　18　 he couldn’t fix except the stroke(中风) that took him in his 64th year. As I said goodbye to him in the ICU， I whispered to him that I loved him. I told him that I didn’t need to find my 　19　 parents because they were my parents. I 　20　 him for being my dad.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者年幼时被收养，养父平凡却伟大，对作者有非常重要的影响。
1．A.comfortable　　　　　　　 B.proud
C.busy D.worth
A　解析：根据上文的My father didn’t want me at first.可知，养父起初不想收养作者，因为接受别人的孩子让他感到很不自在(comfortable)。
2．A.glad B.angry
C.guilty D.surprised
C　解析：根据下文的“because he was unable to give my mother the children”可知，养父因为无法给母亲带来孩子而感到非常愧疚(guilty)。
3．A.depended B.wanted
C.asked D.connected
B　解析：根据语境可知，养父母非常想拥有自己的孩子，故选“wanted”。
4．A.memories B.tastes
C.discussions D.conversations
D　解析：根据上文的My dad liked chatting with everyone.可知，父亲喜欢聊天，他不管在哪里都能跟人攀谈起来，故选“conversations”。
5．A.persuaded B.argued
C.forced D.cheated
A　解析：根据上文父亲爱攀谈和下文的when I tested my own wings可知，此处指父亲说服飞行员让作者坐飞机，persuade sb into doing sth是固定搭配，意为“说服某人做某事”，故选“persuaded”。
6．A.prize B.ride
C.rest D.chance
B　解析：父亲说服一位当地的飞行员让作者搭一次他的飞机，故选“ride”。
7．A.trusted B.taught
C.liked D.understood
A　解析：作者感到非常惊讶：父亲居然完全相信(trusted)一个陌生人而让作者去坐对方的飞机。
8．A.if B.but
C.or D.because
B　解析：根据下文的He never said “no” when I tested my own wings.可知，作者惊讶于父亲的举动，但是(but)他确实这样做了。
9．A.causes B.evidence
C.lights D.flames
D　解析：联系上文的when our neighbor’s house was on fire可知，邻居家的房子着火了，弟弟看到火焰(flames)叫醒了父亲。
10．A.rescue B.visit
C.phone D.watch
C　解析：根据语境可知，父亲知道发生了火灾便让母亲给消防局打电话，故选“phone”。
11．A.help B.leave
C.explain D.sleep
A　解析：根据下文关于救助的描述可知，父亲让母亲去报警之后就跑去隔壁帮忙(help)。
12．A.appeared B.stopped
C.laughed D.answered
D　解析：根据前后文的called out和Dad couldn’t see her可知，父亲呼喊后，邻居应答(answered)了。
13．A.smell B.smoke
C.water D.sound
B　解析：根据语境可知，父亲虽然听到邻居的应答声，但却看不到对方，因为屋里有浓烟(smoke)。
14．A.pushing B.sending
C.calling D.inviting
C　解析：根据后文的come toward his voice可知，父亲蹲下来不断呼喊想让邻居顺着他的声音过去。
15．A.Obviously B.Fortunately
C.Suddenly D.Finally
D　解析：根据语境可知，最后父亲终于抓到了邻居的手，把她拉出了火场，故选“Finally”。
16．A.before B.since
C.until D.unless
C　解析：救出邻居之后，父亲仍然待在那里直到(until)消防队员到来。
17．A.broke out B.went on
C.broke down D.set off
C　解析：根据前后文描述可知，父亲能修好一切东西，当汽车发生故障(broke down)时也是一样。
18．A.anything B.something
C.everything D.nothing
D　解析：根据语境可知，作者记得没有什么事(nothing)是父亲不能解决的，除了他64岁得了中风这件事。
19．A.right B.possible
C.close D.real
D　解析：根据下文的“because they were my parents”可知，作者觉得自己不必去寻找亲生父母，因为养父母就是自己的父母，故选“real”。
20．A.shouted B.thanked
C.paid D.worried
B　解析：根据前文的I whispered to him that I loved him.和because they were my parents可知，作者感谢(thanked)养父成为了自己的父亲。
语法填空
From Monday to Friday，most people are busy working or studying，but in the evenings and on weekends they are free to relax and enjoy 1.　　　　　　(they).Some watch TV 2.　　　　　　 go to the cinema.Others take part in sports.There are many different ways 3.　　　　　　 (spend) their spare time.
Almost everyone has some kind of hobby.It may be anything from collecting stamps to 4.　　　　　　(make) model airplanes.Some hobbies are expensive，while others don’t cost anything at all.Some 5.　　　　　　(collect) are worth a lot of money.Others are valuable only to the owners.
I know 6.　　　　　　 man who has a coin collection worth $250.He was very happy about his purchase and 7.　　　　　　(think) the price was reasonable.Besides，my youngest brother collects matchboxes.He has almost 600 of them but I doubt if they are worth any money.However，to my brother they are 8.　　　　　　(extreme) valuable.Nothing makes him 9.　　　　　　(happy) than to find a new matchbox for his collections.
This is what a hobby means，I guess.It is something we like to do in our spare time simply 10.　　　　　　 fun.The value in dollars is not important.We do it for the pleasure it gives.
【解题导语】　本文主要讨论了人们的业余爱好及其意义。
1．themselves　解析：考查代词。由上文的they可知，此处应填反身代词themselves作宾语。
2．or　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示选择关系，故用连词or。
3．to spend　解析：考查非谓语动词。way to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“做某事的方式”。
4．making　解析：考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词making作介词to的宾语，与collecting呼应。
5．collections　解析：考查词性转换。根据are可知，此处应用名词复数collections作主语。
6．a　解析：考查冠词。由has可知，先行词应为单数，且man是第一次出现，故用不定冠词修饰。
7．thought　解析：考查动词时态。由“was”可知，此处应用一般过去时，即thought。
8．extremely　解析：考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故用副词extremely。
9．happier　解析：考查形容词比较级。由than可知，此处应用比较级形式，即happier。
10．for　解析：考查介词。for fun为固定搭配，意为“为了娱乐”。







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(共60张PPT)
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Warming Up
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
Unit I
Laughter is good
for you
自学导引·语篇理解
自主探究·巩固新知
教材助读·解疑清障
读懂课文·破解难疑






Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language Points


stand up for　支持， 维护
(教材P2)Stand up for your health!

欣赏单口喜剧， 促进身心健康！
stand up 耐用； 耐久； 经得起
stand out 突出， 显眼， 出色； 坚持
stand by 站在旁边； 支持； 袖手旁观
stand for 代表
stand against (使)靠在……上， (使)靠……
站着； 在……的映衬下；
反对……
stand to 不放弃……， 坚持……

①It’s time we stood up for our rights.
到了我们维护自己权利的时候了。
②We are not prepared to stand by and let them close our schools.　我们不会袖手旁观， 听任他们关闭我们的学校。
③The church tower stood against the sky like a finger pointing towards heaven.
教堂的尖塔在天空的映衬下宛如指向天空的手指。
④He is a tall, distinguished?looking man who stands out in any crowd.　他高高的身材， 出色的外貌， 在任何场合都显得格外突出。
⑤What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?
奥运旗上的五环代表什么？
tease　vi.& vt.取笑；招惹；戏弄
(经典例句)Don’t take it seriously—he is only teasing.
别当真，他只是在逗你玩。

(1)tease sb.about 拿……开某人的玩笑
(2)laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
make fun of sb. 愚弄某人
play jokes on sb. 开某人的玩笑
play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人　
①John’s always teasing me about my accent.
约翰老是拿我的口音寻开心。
②Peter didn’t seem to realize that they were making__fun__of him.　彼得似乎没有意识到他们在愚弄他。
react to　对……作出反应
(教材P2)A stand?up comedian may tease an audience member, or might decide to tell different jokes depending upon how the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes.
单口喜剧演员可以拿某一位观众开玩笑， 也可以根据观众对他/她之前所讲的笑话的反应随机应变， 讲各种不同的笑话。

(1)react on/upon 对……起作用， 对……有影响， 对……起反应
react against 反抗， 反对
react with... 与……产生化学反应
(2)reaction n. 反应， 感应　
①How did he react to the news?
他对这消息有何反应？
②Will the people ever react__against this dictator?
有朝一日人民会起来反抗这位独裁者吗？
③Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
铁与水和空气起化学反应而产生铁锈。

How did the students reach to the conclusion that iron has a slow reaction with water? Some didn’t believe it and even reacted against me.
previous　adj.先前的， 以往的
(教材P2)A stand?up comedian may tease an audience member, or might decide to tell different jokes depending upon how the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes.
单口喜剧演员可以拿某一位观众开玩笑， 也可以根据观众对他/她之前所讲的笑话的反应随机应变， 讲各种不同的笑话。

(1)previous to... 在……前；
先于……(to为介词)
(2)previously adv. 先前地； 以前地　
①Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.
以前的研究也说明了牛奶能帮助睡眠，因为牛奶中含有帮助人们放松的钙。
②Previous to coming(come) here, I worked in London.
来此之前， 我在伦敦工作。
③He may suddenly take a dislike to foods that he’s__previously(previous)enjoyed.
对以前爱吃的食物，他兴许突然就没了胃口。
variety　n．[U]变化， 多样化； [C]品种， (同一事物)不同种类；多种样式；变种， 变体
(教材P2)There are a variety of different styles of stand?up comedy.
单口喜剧有很多不同的类型。

(1)a variety of＝varieties of　　 各种各样的
(2)vary from... to... 由……到……不等
vary from place to place 各地不同
vary from person to person 各人不同
vary with 随……而变化
vary in 在……方面有变化
(3)various adj. 各种各样的　
①Some guests arrived late at the party for a variety of/various reasons.
因为各种理由，有些客人晚会迟到了。
②Office hours vary__from company to company and country to country.
因公司、国家不同，办公时间也有所不同。
③As in China, the climate in Canada varies(vary), depending on the area.
正如中国一样，加拿大的气候也因地而异。
④However，views on this issue vary__from__person__to__person．
然而，不同的人对这个问题持不同的观点。
behave　vt.& vi.表现
(教材P2)Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave or about daily life.
有些喜剧演员拿人们的行为方式或日常生活开玩笑。

(1)behave oneself 表现得体； 举止好
behave well/badly 表现好/不好
(2)behavior n. 行为； 举止
Education does not mean teaching people to know what they do not know; it means teaching them to behave as they do not behave.
教育不在于使人知其所未知，而在于使人按其所未行而行。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1) Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves(they)．
(2) Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior(behave) consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.
(3)Civilized behavior not only shows our good qualities but also makes us live and study happily at school, so we should obey the school rules and behave good. 第二个good→well
trip over　(被……)绊倒；读错， 说错
(教材P2)Yet other comedians may trip over chairs, walk into doors, and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.　还有些别的喜剧演员可能玩这些把戏逗笑观众： 被椅子绊倒， 撞到了房门上， 或是跌倒在舞台上。

trip on＝trip over 绊倒； 犯错误
trip along/down 轻快地沿着……走/小跑
trip up 跌倒；绊倒； 抓住(某人)的差错；(使)犯错误
①He tripped over someone’s foot in the darkened cinema and almost fell.
在黑暗的电影院中， 他被什么人的脚绊了一下， 差一点跌倒。
②A wise man shouldn’t trip over/on the same stone.
聪明的人不应该被同一块石头绊倒。
③Jim was running well until he tripped up and fell, losing the race.
比赛中吉姆一直跑得很好， 可后来跌倒在地， 失利了。
④The boy put his foot out to trip Tom up.
那男孩伸出脚把汤姆绊倒。
⑤I was tripped__up by him.
我被他抓住了把柄。
make fun of　嘲弄，取笑……； 拿……开玩笑
(教材P2)While this kind of humour may sound cruel, it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.
这种幽默听起来可能有点刻薄， 但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被打趣的对象时， 这种幽默才奏效。

(1)for fun 闹着玩地， 不是认真地
be full of fun 很好玩， 很有趣
have fun 开心
it’s fun to do sth. 做某事有趣
(2)funny adj. 可笑的， 滑稽的
①People make fun of her because she wears such a strange hat.
人们取笑她， 因为她戴了顶那么奇怪的帽子。
②He is often made fun of for his strong accent.
由于他乡音重， 大家常拿他开玩笑。
③It’s great fun to__play(play) tennis.
打网球很有趣。
④I learned cooking for fun.
我学做饭是为了好玩。
award　v．颁发， 授予……奖； 判给　n．奖品； 判决
(教材P2)People around the world enjoy watching him when he hosts the Academy Awards.
全世界的观众都喜爱看他主持的奥斯卡颁奖典礼。

(1)win/receive/get an award (for sth.)
(因……而)获奖
(2)be awarded for... 因为……获奖　
①Points were awarded for part?time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
做兼职工作、干家务、在学校里努力、处理问题的能力可以得到奖励分。
②This actress performed so well in the film that she was__awarded(award) in London.
这位女演员因为在电影中的出色表演而在伦敦获奖。
③Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends and praise their accomplishments.
凯西没有期待任何奖项，但仍然在那里为朋友的成就鼓劲加油。




单词 意义用法 常见搭配
award 用作名词， 意为 “奖品； 奖”， 指因优点而奖励或授予的东西； 还可用作动词， 表示 “颁发， 授予……奖； 判给” award sb.sth.＝award sth.to sb.颁发给某人某物 be awarded for 因……而受奖
reward 用作名词， 指对某人的工作或服务的报答； 也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的酬金、 赏金； 还可用作动词， 意为 “酬谢； 报答” reward sb.with sth.用……酬谢某人
prize 指在各类竞赛、 竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖品， 这种奖赏有的凭能力获得， 有的凭运气获得 win the first prize获得一等奖 be awarded the Nobel Prize for... 被授予诺贝尔……奖
[巧学活用]——选用上述单词完成句子
He was awarded a scholarship as a prize or an award,__which was also a reward of his diligence.
perform　vt.& vi.演出， 表演； 做，履行； 工作， 运转； 执行
(教材P2)Each time, he performs his stand?up routine in front of millions of people when the show is broadcast live on TV.
每次他都会通过电视直播在数百万观众面前表演他的单口喜剧节目。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中perform的含义
(1) You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. __做；__执行
(2)They always perform their duties faithfully. 履行
(3) Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being performed live is quite another. 表演；__演奏
(4)The new computer is performing well. 运转；__运行

(1)perform a task/an operation/an experiment
执行任务/动手术/做实验
perform one’s promise/duties
履行诺言/职责
perform a part in... 在……中扮演一个角色
(2)performance n. 履行， 执行；表演， 表现；
(机器的)性能
put on/give a performance
表演， 演出
performer n. 演员； 表演者； 执行者
①She performed the experiment over and over, working till midnight.
这项实验她做了一遍又一遍， 一直做到半夜。
②She will perform a dance for the children in the performance tomorrow.(perform)
她将在明天的演出中为孩子们表演一个舞蹈。
live　adv.现场地； 直播地　
adj.现场的， 直播的； 有生命的， 活的
(教材P2) Each time, he performs his stand?up routine in front of millions of people when the show is broadcast live on TV.
每次他都会通过电视直播在数百万观众面前表演他的单口喜剧节目。


单词 汉语意义 修饰 所作成分 举例
live 活的； 现场直播的/地， 实况的/地 物 定语， 表语 a live fish一条活鱼 be broadcast live现场直播 a live television match 电视现场直播的比赛
alive 活着的(与dead相对) 人， 物 后置定语，表语， 宾补 a fish alive一条活鱼 be caught alive 被活捉
living 活着的， 健在的 人， 物 定语， 表语 a living fish一条活鱼 His grandfather is still living. 他的爷爷仍然健在。
lively 活泼的， 活跃的， 充满生气的 人， 物 定语， 表语， 宾补 Young children are usually lively.小孩通常是活泼的。 lively and interesting lessons 生动有趣的课
①It’ll be the biggest live concert the world has ever seen.
它将是世人所看到过的最大的现场直播音乐会。
②Many living(live) things are dying out because of the global warming.
由于全球变暖， 许多生物濒临灭绝。
③Is the snake dead or alive(live)?
那条蛇是死是活？
④Maybe he is the finest living(live) pianist.
可能他是现如今最好的钢琴家。
⑤My teacher has a strange way of making his classes lively(live) and interesting.
我的老师有奇特的方法使他的课堂生动有趣。
come up with　赶上， 提出， 想出
(教材P3)One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking, and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.　
克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷， 常常能就身边的人或事即兴编出笑话来。

come up 被提出
come about 发生
come across 穿过(路、 桥); (偶然)遇见； 发现
come along 跟随
come to 苏醒； 总计； 达到； 谈到
①I hope he can come up with a better idea to solve the problem.
我希望他能提出一个较好的办法解决这个问题。
②The plan will come up at the meeting to be held next Monday.
这个计划将在下星期一召开的会议上被提出。
③Can you tell me how the accident came__about?
你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？
④When walking down the street, I came__across David, whom I hadn’t seen for years.
当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的David。

come up with的主语是人； come up的主语是物。两者都无被动结构。
⑤I came__up__with a proposal and it soon came__up at the meeting.
我想出一条建议， 很快这条建议在会上被提出来了。
[巧学活用]——高考小作文
当谈到我最喜欢的季节，我立刻会想到春天。
When__it__comes__to__the__season__I__like__best，spring will always occur to me in no time.
make up　编造， 虚构； 组成， 形成； 调停， 和解； 化妆， 打扮； 补偿， 弥补
(教材P3)Instead of telling the joke he had planned, Crystal made up a new one.　见此情景， 克里斯托放弃了事先准备好的笑话， 编了一个新的。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中make up的含义
(1)The student made up an excuse for his being late. 编造
(2)Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow? 弥补
(3)Ten doctors and twenty nurses make up the medical team. 组成
(4)After apologizing to each other, they made up finally. 和好

make up for 弥补； 偿还
make up one’s mind 下决心
make good/full use of 好好/充分利用
make the most of 充分利用
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)我下决心更加努力学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在像玩电子游戏和网上聊天这些无用的事情上。
I made__up__my__mind__to__study__harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things，such as playing video games and chatting online.
(2)你应该好好利用这次机会来提高你的口语。
You should make__good__use__of__this__chance to improve your spoken English.
amuse　vt. 逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐
(教材P3)Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.
克里斯托深受各年龄段人群的喜爱， 他有能力让全世界的人开心。

(1)amuse oneself by/with 以……自娱； 消遣
be amused at/by 对……感到有意思；
被……逗乐
be amused to do sth. 做某事而感到有趣或
好笑
(2)amusement n. 消遣； 娱乐(活动)
to one’s (great) amusement
令人感到(极)好
笑的是
(3)amusing adj. 有趣的， 逗乐的
(4)amused adj. 感到快乐的
keep sb.amused 使……保持快乐　
①We were amused to learn that she was to sing us a song.
得知她要为我们唱支歌我们都觉得好笑。
②While waiting, he amused himself(him) by counting cars that passed.
在等候的时候， 他通过数过往的车子来打发时间。
③To our amusement(amuse), the boy acted an old woman.
使我们感到好笑的是， 那个男孩扮演了一个老太太。
④We were__amused__at/by the storyteller’s jokes.
我们被讲故事者的笑话逗笑了。
⑤I had an amusing experience last year.
去年我有过一次好笑的经历。

Seeing everyone was amused at the amusing joke, he kept silent, finding it was easier to amuse others than to amuse himself.
[巧学活用]——单句改错
(1)To be honest，I don’t find the host’s jokes amused at all.amused→amusing
(2)The young man often makes up some funny stories to keep us amusing.amusing→amused
(3)Amusing by his adventure story in Africa, all of us stopped our work.Amusing→Amused
after all　毕竟， 终究； 虽然这样
(教材P3)Whatever the reason, research shows that in the end, the English saying, ‘laughter is the best medicine’， may be true after all.　不管是什么原因， 研究表明， 那句英语格言 “笑是灵丹妙药” 到头来可能真的没错。
above all＝most important of all
首先； 尤其是(强调地位上的重要性)

first of all 首先， 第一(强调顺序)
at all 根本， 全然
in all 总共， 共计
all in all 总之
①The play came to an end after all.　这场戏总算结束了。
②Don’t blame him.After all, he is a green hand.
不要责备他， 他毕竟是个新手。
③He longs above all to see his family again.
他尤其渴望再见到家里的人。
④First__of__all,__let them introduce themselves to us.
首先， 让他们向我们作自我介绍。
⑤All__in__all,__he didn’t agree with what his son said.
总之， 他没同意他儿子所说的话。
[巧学活用]——用all的相关短语填空
(1) To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, above__all,__honest.
(2)All__in__all，every road leads to Rome, but I do believe hard work pays off.
(3)Don’t believe the advertisement.After__all,__it is the customers who pay for whatever they are given.
(4) First__of__all,__you can talk about American customs and festivals because Chinese students are interested in them.
(5)After__all,__all kids prefer to be praised rather than be scolded.

(教材P1)Which of the events above do you think will be the funniest?
你认为上面哪件事是最有趣的？

(1)本句句型是： 疑问词＋do you think＋其余部分(陈述语序)? 意为 “你认为……？ ”。 实际上是一个特殊疑问句和一个一般疑问句混在一起使用。 我们把这种句型称之为 “混合疑问句”。
(2)能用于此句型的动词还有： believe, suppose, imagine, suggest, expect等。 　
①What do you think he will do next?
你认为他下一步要做什么？
②How do you suppose they__can answer these questions?
你认为他们能如何回答这些问题？
③Who do you suggest be__sent to work on the farm?
你建议派谁去农场工作呢？
④When__do__you__expect they will come back?
你期望他们什么时候回来？
(教材P2)Only a few stand?up comedians have become famous as television and film performers later on in life. One such person is Billy Crystal.
只有为数不多的单口喜剧演员在之后的生涯中成为走红的影视明星。 比利·克里斯托就是这样的一个人。

(1)句中such为形容词， 意思是 “那样的， 这样的， 如此的”。 修饰名词， 当such与数词或不定代词one, no, any, all, many, some, few, several等连用时， such 放在这些词的后面。 即one, no, any, all, many, some, few, several＋such＋名词。 但当它与不定冠词连用时， 则放在它们的前面。
(2)such常用于以下结构：
①one/all/no/few/several/some/any...＋such＋名词
②such a(n)＋(形容词)＋单数可数名词
③such＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词复数形式
①All such possibilities must be considered.
所有这些可能性都必须考虑到。
②One such chair is enough.
这样的一张椅子够了。
③The rules make it quite clear what should be done in such a situation.
这些条例明确规定在这种情况下应当如何处理。
④I have never seen such__a lazy boy as you.
我从未见过你这样懒的孩子。
⑤These days there is no__such__thing as a job for life.
如今已经没有终身职位这种事儿了。

no such后单数名词前不加冠词。
⑥No__such__person exists.
这样的人不存在。
(教材P3)He says it is because when he started practising stand?up as a child, he told himself jokes while standing in front of the mirror, brushing his teeth.
他说， 这是因为在他小时候开始练习单口喜剧时， 他站在镜子面前，边刷牙边给自己讲笑话。

(1)句中 “brushing his teeth ” 是现在分词(一般式)短语作伴随状语。 表示与谓语动作 “told” 同时进行的动作。 “while standing in front of the mirror” 作时间状语， 是 “while he was standing in front of the mirror” 的省略。
(2)当分词或分词短语用作状语时， 有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚， 根据语义的需要可以在其前加上相应的连词， 如when, while, as, after, before, till, until, if, unless, although, though, even if, even though, once等。 　
①While referring to the pilot named Zhang Chao，the official became very sad.
当谈到飞行员张超时，这位官员变得非常难过。
②When visiting(visit) another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect.　当参观其他国家时，你应当意识到那些不同的地方并尊重它们。
③Unless changed(change), this law will make life difficult for farmers.
除非加以修改， 否则这条法律将给农民的生活造成困难。
④Although__(it__was)__built before the war, the engine is still in perfect order.
尽管是战前制造的， 这台发动机仍然处于良好状态。
(教材P3) One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking, and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.
克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷， 常常能就身边的人或事即兴编出笑话来。

该句主干为“The reason why...is that...”句型，其中why引导定语从句，修饰the reason，相当于for which，也可以省略；that引导表语从句，说明the reason的内容。
(1)reason常见的基本句式：
the reason
(2)that/this is because...“这是因为……”，because引导的表语从句表示原因；that/this is why...“这就是……的原因”，why引导的表语从句表示结果。
①The reason why I am going to Beijing is that I want to visit the Great Wall.
我想去北京的原因是我想去参观长城。
②I don’t know the reason why you were absent from the meeting, but I’m sure it’s for some reason that you don’t want people to know.
我不知道你为什么缺席会议，但我肯定那是出于你不想让人知道的某种原因。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1) The real reason why prices were, and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
(2)The reason why he succeeded was that he worked very hard.
＝He worked very hard.That was why he succeeded.
＝He succeeded.That was because he worked very hard.
(3)The reason why I didn’t tell you was because I wanted it to be a surprise.because→that
[能力提升]——句式升级
(4)(普通表达)He wasn’t admitted into a key university in 2018 because his grades were too low.
(高级表达)The__reason__why__he__was’t__admitted__into__a__key__university__in__2018__was__that__his__grades__were__too__low.(the reason why...is that...)
(教材P3)Whatever the reason, research shows that in the end, the English saying, ‘laughter is the best medicine’， may be true after all.
不管是什么原因， 研究表明， 那句英语格言 “笑是灵丹妙药” 到头来可能真的没错。

(1)本句中的Whatever the reason是在the reason后面省略了is。 whatever和however引导的让步状语从句常可省去系动词。 此句中的whatever＝no matter what, 引导让步状语从句。
(2)whatever的用法如下：
①whatever作连接代词， 意为 “无论什么； 不管什么”， 连接宾语从句、 主语从句。
②whatever作连接形容词， 意为 “无论什么样的”。 应当注意， 此用法的whatever必须同其被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句。
(3)whatever与no matter what的区别：
no matter what 只能引导状语从句， 但whatever既可引导状语从句， 还可引导名词性从句。 引导名词性从句时， 相当于anything that。
①The final between the two teams, whatever the result (is), will be wonderful.
两队之间的决赛， 无论结果如何， 都将会是很精彩的。
②I refuse, however favorable the conditions (are)．
无论是多么优惠的条件我也不能接受。
③In our company everybody is well taken care of, no__matter__what__his__position__(is)．　在我们公司， 每个人都得到很好的照顾， 不管他的地位如何。
④Whatever__you__do,__you must do it well.
不管你做什么， 你都必须做好。
(教材P5)I like it when the comedian talks to people in the audience.
我喜欢喜剧演员与现场观众交流。

(1)本句中， it 是形式宾语， 代替when 引导的宾语从句。
(2)it 作形式宾语的特殊用法：
①like, enjoy, love, hate, dislike, appreciate 等表 “喜、 怒、 哀、 乐” 的动词， 后面不直接接宾语从句， 若要跟宾语从句， 需跟形式宾语it。
②see to, depend on, rely on, lie in 等由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接that引导的宾语从句时， 先加形式宾语it, 再接that 从句。 　
①I hate/don’t like it when people talk with their mouths full.
我不喜欢人们满口饭时说话。
②I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
如果你能给我一些关于解决这些问题的建议， 我将感激不尽。
③I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候我负责把他照顾好。
④I don’t__like__it when the weather gets really cold.
当天气变得太冷的时候我就不喜欢了。


品句填词
1．When we heard his jokes， we all burst into 　　　　　　(笑声).
答案：laughter
2．I was interested to sit back and observe her 　　　　　　(反应) when she was told this news.
答案：reaction
3．To our great delight， a gold medal was 　　　　　　(奖给) to our team and the 　　　　　　(奖品) is 10，000 dollars.
答案：awarded；award
4．The children 　　　　　　(表现)badly， but the fault lies in their parents， who don’t care about their behavior.
答案：behave
5．People change their mind for a 　　　　　　(各种各样) of reasons.
答案：variety
6．Personally， I’m perfectly satisfied with the 　　　　　　(表演)by the freshmen.
答案：performance
7．What do you do for 　　　　　　(消遣)in this town？
答案：amusement
8．He shows much 　　　　　　(喜爱)for animals.
答案：affection
9．The concert will be broadcast 　　　　　　(现场直播) by the BBC.
答案：live
10. 　　　　　　(在……之前)to that， we had traveled by car to Paris.
答案：Previous
单句改错
1．It was a rainy morning and the children， mainly boys with variety learning difficulties， refused to settle for the start of the lesson.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：variety→various
2．The children won’t be allowed to go there if they don’t behave them.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：them→themselves
3．The audience was impressed by his amazing perform.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：perform→performance
4．Xu Beihong was one of the China’s best?known twentieth?century artists， who is most famous for his live paintings of horses.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：live→lively
5．His parents’ reaction with the news was surprisingly calm.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：with→to
6．Such one dictionary is enough because we can look up all we need in it.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：Such one→One such
7．She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do that it takes to save her life.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：that→whatever
8．Unless is necessary， we must not speak Chinese at the English evening party.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：去掉Unless后面的is或在Unless后加it
9．The reason why he was absent was because he went to the zoo.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：because→that
10．I don’t like the way which he chose to do it.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：在way后加in
完成句子
1．这东西一旦看到一次， 就永远也忘不了。
Once 　　　　　　　　， it can never be forgotten.
答案：(it is) seen
2．他迟到的原因是下雨了。
The reason why he was late was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ｗ.
答案：that it rained
3．不管发生什么， 都不要气馁。
Don’t lose heart， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 happens.
答案：whatever/no matter what
4．这里冬季的气候就是如此。
　　　　　　　　 the winter weather here.
答案：Such is
5．你认为我们什么时候可以再见面？ 我盼望那一天的早日到来。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 again？ I really look forward to the early coming of that day.
答案：When do you think we can meet
课文语法填空
Stand?up is one of the 1.　　　　　　 well?known and well?loved types of comedy.
Billy Crystal is one of the stand?up comedians who 2.　　　　　　(become) famous as television and film actors later on in life.His 3.　　　　　　(popular) with all age groups and his ability 4.　　　　　　(amuse) people all over the world prove 5.　　　　　　 stand?up can 6.　　　　　　(enjoy) by everyone.
Doctors have been 7.　　　　　　(research) the effect stand?up and other forms of comedy have on people.They have discovered that people 8.　　　　　　 laugh a lot live longer.This agrees with the English 9.　　　　　　(say) “Laughter is 10.　　　　　　 best medicine” .
答案：1.most　2.have become　3.popularity　4.to amuse
5．that　6.be enjoyed　7.researching　8.who　9.saying　10.the

A卷
单句语法填空
1．His chief amusement is reading novels and 　　　　　　(see) movies.
答案：seeing
2．The football match will be broadcast live 　　　　　　 TV at 3 p.m.
答案：on
3．All of them arrived late for 　　　　　　(variety) reasons.
答案：various
4．Her 　　　　　　(affect) were centered on her two children.
答案：affections
5．　　　　　　 the technical advance， the use of machinery has taken the place of manual labour.
答案：With
6．While 　　　　　　(look) through the paper， I noticed a few grammatical mistakes.
答案：looking
7．I like 　　　　　　 when I lived in the peaceful country.
答案：it
8．Li Ming looks unhappy.That is 　　　　　　 he didn’t pass the English exam yesterday.
答案：because
9．They spent a lot of time 　　　　　　(swim) during the summer holidays.
答案：swimming
10．Just as an old 　　　　　　(say) goes： it is never too late to learn.
答案：saying
阅读理解
Studies show that laughter is something that makes you feel calm or relaxed for both physical and psychological wounds though it may seem futile to laugh in the face of pain and fear.
When Dan Rather interviewed comedian Bill Cosby just one week after his son， Ennis， was killed， Cosby said， “I think it is time for me to tell people that we have to laugh.You can turn painful situations around through laughter.If you can find humor in anything， you can survive it.”
Call it a flashlight for dark times： laughter just seems to adjust attitude better than anything else.Inspirational speaker Steve Rizzo recalls a TV interview with an injured firefighter a few days after 9.11.The man had fallen more than 30 stories in one of the towers and had broken a leg.Everyone was crying， and the reporter asked， “How is it that you’ve come out of this alive？” He looked at her and without missing a beat， said， “Look， lady， I’m from New York and I’m a firefighter； that’ all you need to know.”
“Everyone laughed and though the laughter was only a couple of seconds，” says Rizzo.“Sometimes that’s all you need to catch your second breath.Laughter gives you that couple of seconds.You’re sending a message to your brain， and the message is： If you can still laugh even a little among the pain， you are going to be OK.”
Of course， there is a difference between laughing off a serious situation and laughing off the fear that results.The firefighter was doing the latter， states Rizzo， the author of Becoming a Humorous Being， and so should we.“If there is anything we have learnt from 9.11， it’s how precious life really is，” she says.“We have to send a message that our spirit won’t die.One important thing that unites us is our ability to laugh.”
1.The writer uses the examples of the comedian and the firefighter to show 　　　　Ｗ.
A.laughter is a good way to get rid of pain and fear
B.laughter is the best way to cure psychological wounds
C.it is your attitude that decides whether you can survive the pain or not
D.laughing off a serious situation is different from laughing off the fear that results
A　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段Studies show that laughter is something that makes you feel calm or relaxed for both physical and psychological wounds though it may seem futile to laugh in the face of pain and fear.可以看出这是文章的主旨，下面的两个例子都是围绕着这个主旨展开的，所以推断出A选项“笑能够摆脱痛苦和恐惧”最符合题意。所以选A。
2．We can infer from the passage that Steve Rizzo is 　　　　Ｗ.
A.a reporter　　　　　　　 B.a soldier
C.a firefighter D.a doctor
A　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段Inspirational speaker Steve Rizzo recalls a TV interview with an injured firefighter a few days after 9.11.可以看出Steve Rizzo是一个记者，所以a reporter最符合他的身份。所以选A。
3．The underlined word “futile” in the first paragraph means “　　　　”.
A.hopeless B.useless
C.careless D.worthless
B　解析：词义猜测题。从文章第一段though it may seem futile to laugh in the face of pain and fear，再结合上下文可知，笑能够给生理和心理以放松，虽然有时候面对痛苦和恐惧笑似乎没有用。可知道futile解释为useless符合题意。所以选B。
4．From the passage， we can know that Americans are 　　　　Ｗ.
A.really inspired after 9.11
B.hardly united after 9.11
C.nearly surprised by 9.11
D.greatly hurt by 9.11
D　解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可以推测出美国人受到了9.11的严重伤害。所以应该选D。
完形填空
Bob Weiser had been driving for Uber for more than six months. Every 　1　 in his car had a story to tell， a unique life experience or some wisdom he/she had picked up along the way. Then he 　2　 what if he could collect a piece of life from each of the people who 　3　 in his car？ His only 　4　 with these people was that they ordered an Uber in Chicago and had Bob Weiser 　5　 them up in his car.
Weiser， 66， is a 　6　 pilot who started driving for Uber late last year as a way to keep 　7　Ｗ. “You never really retire(退休)； you always have to do 　8　，” he said.
He 　9　 a black notebook from the store. On the inside cover， he wrote that it belonged to “All that read it with a(n) 　10　 heart and mind to share his/her life experience.”
Now， 　11　 riders get in his car， he’ll pass them the notebook and ask if they’d take a moment to write something in it. He has 　12　 more than 800 entries(条目) from riders from different places.
Weiser 　13　 that there was one woman in his car who wrote Mahatma Gandhi’s “Be the change you want to see.” Then she flipped(翻阅) back and 　14　 someone else had used the same quote. She told him she was 　15　 and he said to her， “No， that’s okay. That’s the type of energy that has been in this vehicle， nothing but good energy.”
After his riders write something， they’ll flip through the pages， 　16　 all the advice and emotions shared by the riders who came before them.
He flips through it himself from time to time and always 　17　 himself by how much warmth and positivity people have 　18　Ｗ. No one has written anything 　19　， and only a handful have turned him 　20　， mostly because they have motion sickness.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。Weiser退休后开优步，突发奇想让乘客在笔记本上分享阅历与感言，这让乘客和自己都充满了正能量。
1．A.writer　　　　　　　 B.speaker
C.passenger D.child
C　解析：根据上下文内容可知，Weiser是一位Uber司机，因此，此处应该是乘客(passenger)。
2．A.hoped B.wondered
C.predicted D.required
B　解析：根据语境可知，Weiser就想知道(wondered)如果把每一位乘客的生活片段收藏起来会怎么样呢？
3．A.played B.rode
C.quarreled D.slept
B　解析：根据前面的passenger可以判断此处应该是指那些乘坐(rode)他的车的人。
4．A.feeling B.connection
C.ability D.hobby
B　解析：坐车的人都是陌生人，因此，此处说这些人跟他的唯一联系是：他们在Uber公司做了预定，让他用车来接他们。
5．A.lift B.cover
C.tie D.pick
D　解析：根据空后的in his car，并且结合文章第一句中的had been driving可知，应该选pick，pick up“用车接某人”。
6．A.former B.wealthy
C.young D.proud
A　解析：根据下文中的“You never really retire(退休)； you always have to do...”可知，Weiser现在已经退役了，故他以前是飞行员。
7．A.alive B.quiet
C.awake D.busy
D　解析：从下文“You never really retire(退休)； you always have to do ...”可知，Weiser给Uber开车就是为了有事情做，为了让自己忙起来。
8．A.everything B.anything
C.something D.nothing
C　解析：根据语境可知，Weiser认为一个人不会真正地退休，他总会想做点什么。故选something。
9．A.borrowed B.bought
C.invented D.lost
B　解析：根据语境可知，Weiser开始将自己的想法付诸于实践，于是买来了(bought)一本黑色的笔记本，后面的store也可提示答案。
10．A.open B.broken
C.creative D.simple
A　解析：根据语境可知，能够愿意在笔记本上分享自己的感言或经历的当然应该是心胸比较开阔，性格开朗的人。
11．A.unless B.before
C.after D.although
C　解析：根据语境可知，当乘客上车之后，Weiser就会拿出笔记本询问他们是否愿意在笔记本上写点什么。
12．A.forgotten B.sold
C.produced D.collected
D　解析：根据空后面的“more than 800 entries(条目) from riders from different places”可知，此处应该是Weiser现在已经收集了800多个条目了。
13．A.loved B.appreciated
C.remembered D.considered
C　解析：根据语境可知，Weiser想起(remembered)曾经有一位女士在笔记本上写了一句话。
14．A.saw B.guessed
C.argued D.heard
A　解析：根据“Then she flipped back...”可知，当她翻阅别人写的东西时看见别人引用的跟自己的一样。
15．A.disappointed B.worried
C.embarrassed D.bored
C　解析：根据上下内容及语境可知，那位女士发现自己引用的和别人一样时，自然会感到很尴尬。
16．A.looking after B.taking in
C.laughing at D.picking out
B　解析：根据空前内容可知答案。乘客在翻阅的时候自然会吸纳他人所分享的内容。
17．A.offers B.enjoys
C.promises D.surprises
D　解析：根据语境可知，当Weiser自己翻阅那本笔记本时，看到那么多的正能量，也会感到惊奇。
18．A.stored B.shared
C.saved D.searched
B　解析：根据句意可知，这些正能量和温暖都是每一位乘客分享的。
19．A.valuable B.interesting
C.unpleasant D.secret
C　解析：根据前面的“how much warmth and positivity people have...”可知，没有人写消极的令人不愉快的内容。
20．A.down B.up
C.over D.on
A　解析：根据下文的“mostly because they have motion sickness”及语境可知，只有很少的人会拒绝他的请求，大都是因为他们会晕车。turn sb. down意为“拒绝某人”。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on the brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all those amazing powers of music.
A recent study suggests that preterm(早产的) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music. Experts led by Dr.Manoi Kumar of the University of Alberta， Canada analyzed nine clinical trials and found that music had a beneficial effect on lessening pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical procedures such as blood tests. It also appeared to benefit full?term babies during operations.
Many people experiencing brain damage have speech and movement?related problems. Music can help recover from brain injuries. As an alternative and effective treatment， doctors often recommend such patients to listen to good music to promote the parts of the brain responsible for these two functions. When people with neurological(神经的) disorders caused by a stroke or Parkinson’s disease hear a musical beat， it helps them to regain a balanced walk.
Though music cannot cure deafness， it really can stave off the loss of hearing. There was an experiment involving 163 people where 74 were musicians. Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non?musicians， and this difference gets more evident with age. This means that a 70?year?old musician hears better than a 50?year?old non?musician， even in a noisy environment.
Besides， music heals a broken heart. It is not about a cast?off love， but about a heart attack. The matter is that music can help people recover from a heart seizure(心脏病突发) or heart surgery by reducing blood pressure， slowing down the heartbeat rate， and relieving anxiety. Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions， improves circulation， and expands blood vessels， thus， promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular(心血管的)system.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，文章主要从四个不同的方面说明了音乐对人的身心所带来的积极影响。
1．How does music affect preterm babies？
A.It helps reduce their pain.
B.It helps develop their potential in music.
C.It helps improve their hearing systems.
D.It helps repair their neurological system.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的...music had a beneficial effect on lessening pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical procedures such as blood tests.可知，音乐可以帮助减轻早产儿的疼痛。
2．What does the underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 4 mean？
A.Lead to.　　　　　　　 B.Increase.
C.Make for. D.Prevent.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的This means that a 70?year?old musician hears better than a 50?year?old non?musician， even in a noisy environment.可推知，音乐可以帮助人们避免听力的损失。
3．Why can music heal a broken heart？
A.It has a positive effect on human body systems’ work.
B.It can help people prevent diseases caused by anxiety.
C.It helps make a person feel optimistic about life.
D.It can help patients recover in a relaxed way.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions...promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular(心血管的) system.可知，音乐对我们身体系统的运转有积极的作用。
4．What is the passage mainly about？
A.Who can benefit from music.
B.The best time to listen to music.
C.The way to choose quality music.
D.How music affects our mind and body.
D　解析：主旨大意题。本文主要从四个不同的方面说明了音乐对人和身心所带来的积极影响。
B
Theory of mind is what allows us to assess the mental states (thoughts， feelings， beliefs) of others based on a whole host of input， and to use that assessment to predict and explain what people are thinking. Theory of mind allows us to defeat competitors in business and avoid being cheated in turn， as well as know the unspoken things of romantic(爱情的) relationships.
Unfortunately， men have gotten the short end of the stick when it comes to theory of mind. Girls tend to develop theirs faster than boys， and women generally do better on theory of mind tasks than men.
Fortunately， it’s a skill that can be cultivated， and reading fiction is one way to do so. Studies show that when we read fiction， the parts of our brain responsible for theory of mind light up and keep working. Narratives require us to guess at the hidden purposes of characters， figure out what their enemies or lovers may or may not be thinking， as well as keep track of all the social interactions(社交) between them.
When it comes to building the muscle of our theory of mind， Jane Austen’s novels are like barbells(杠铃).They’re all about relationships and what everyone thinks about those relationships. Austen’s novels are filled with many characters who constantly guess at the thoughts and intentions of the other characters； each communicates with the others in complex ways that influence the relationships of nearly everyone in the book. For example， in Pride and Prejudice， there are almost 50 different characters， and all of them connect with each other in some subtle way. Keeping track of this web of relationships and figuring out what all those subtle 19th?century British social gestures really mean， become a useful exercise in theory of mind. Whenever I finish a Jane Austen novel， I thus feel a bit more socially smart.
【解题导语】　作者认为男人多读简·奥斯汀的小说有助于他们发展心智理论，更好地读懂他人的想法。
5．What does Paragraph 1 tell us about theory of mind？
A.It’s mainly used by businessmen.
B.It is hardly used in our daily life.
C.It doesn’t really benefit relationships.
D.It helps us know about others’ thoughts.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Theory of mind is what allows us to assess the mental states...that assessment to predict and explain what people are thinking.”可知，这种理论有助于我们知道他人的想法。
6．Compared with women， men generally 　　　　Ｗ.
A.have more theory of mind tasks
B.are weak in using theory of mind
C.develop theory of mind earlier
D.consider theory of mind more important
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Girls tend to develop theirs faster than boys， and women generally do better on theory of mind tasks than men.”可知，女性比男性能够更好地使用心智理论。
7．What is the meaning of the underlined word “cultivated” in Paragraph 3？
A.Developed.　　　　　 B.Found.
C.Changed. D.Replaced.
A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的develop和第三段后面讲述对于这种能力的培养方式可知，划线词意为“培养”。
8．What does the author mainly want to show by comparing Jane Austen’s novels to barbells？
A.Her novels are difficult to read.
B.Her novels have characters with special thoughts.
C.Her novels are all about relationships.
D.Her novels are good for theory of mind training.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“They’re all about relationships and...guess at the thoughts and intentions of the other characters”以及“Keeping track of this web of relationships...I thus feel a bit more socially smart.”可知，这里的比喻是为了表明简·奥斯汀的小说有助于训练我们的心智理论。
七选五
Are you truly happy？ Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness？ 1.　　　　 The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
? Make a plan for achieving goals that you believe will make you happy.Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.
?Surround yourself with happy people.It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way.2.　　　　
?When something goes wrong， try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity.Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor.
?3.　　　　 These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
?4.　　　　 Whether you treat yourself to lunch， take a long， relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance， you will be subconsciously (下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.
?Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness.Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.
?Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness.5.　　　　
A.Anyway， different people think about happiness in different ways.
B.On the contrary， if you are around people who are happy， their emotional state will be infectious.
C.Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.
D.These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.
E.It’s also important to take a few minutes each day to do something nice for yourself.
F.Besides， there are some more tips in life that help you achieve happiness.
G.Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that put you in a happy mood.
【解题导语】　本文针对一个人应该如何获得快乐的问题，给了一些具体的建议。
1．D　解析：上文列出了一系列的问题。所以，此处应该填“这些问题是任何渴望得到快乐的人必须面对的”。
2．B　解析：本段的主题是“和快乐的人待在一块”。此空上文讲“消极的人会让我们感到不快乐”。所以此空应该填“恰恰相反，和乐观的人在一块，你也会快乐”。
3．G　解析：从本段的后文看，本段讲述“人的注意力应该集中在正面积极的事情上”。所以本段的小标题应该是“每天花点时间想想那些快乐的事情”。
4．E　解析：从本段的后文看，本段讲述“人应该做一些具体让自己快乐的事情”。所以本段的小标题应该是“每天花点时间做一些让自己快乐的事”。
5．C　解析：本段的主题是“保持健康”。所以此空应该填“身体太胖或太瘦都会让你不开心”。
短文改错
(2019·吉林长春外国语学校高二月考)It was extreme cold last Monday morning.While I was walking in my way to school， I noticed two street cleaner sweeping the street.Seeing them are working so hard on such a cold morning， I was moved and made up my mind do something for them.After arriving at school，I discussed with some classmates that we could do.The next day，we got up early and preparing porridge at home.When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work， they looked a little surprising at first.And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily.Since it was very cold， we all felt warm at that moment.
答案：
It was cold last Monday morning.While I was walking my way to school，I noticed two street sweeping the street.Seeing them working so hard on such a cold morning， I was moved and made up my mind do something for them.After arriving at school， I discussed with some classmates we could do.The next
day， we got up early and porridge at home.When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed appreciation for their hard work， they looked a little at first.And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily. it was very cold， we all felt warm at that moment.







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1



(共95张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language Points
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
要点透析·讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练






Section Ⅲ　Word power, Task & Project



1．positive adj. 积极的； 正面的； 肯定的
2．negative adj. 负面的， 消极的； 否定的； 坏的， 有害的
3．attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得； 得到； 达到
4．polish vt. 提高； 修改； 润色
5．guarantee vt.& n. 保证； 担保
6．tear vt. 撕， 扯

7．fitness n．健壮， 健康； 适合 →fit adj.适宜的；健康的v.适合；安装
8．strengthen vt.&vi.增强； 巩固→strength n．力气；力量；长处
9．participate vi.参加， 参与 →participation n．参加；参与
10．anger n．怒， 怒火， 怒气→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的
11．invitation n．邀请 →invite vt.邀请；请求；招致；招待
12．foolishness n．愚蠢 →foolish adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；可笑的 →fool n．傻瓜；小丑v.愚弄；欺骗；开玩笑
13．foreigner n．外国人 →foreign adj.外来的；外国的
14．instruct vt.教授，传授； 指示， 命令； 告知→instruction n．指令；说明 →instructive adj.教育性的；有启发的
15．crowded adj.拥挤的 →crowd n．人群；群众v.拥挤；挤满

1. glare__at 对……怒目而视
2. hold__out 递出； 拿出； 伸出
3. burst__in 闯进； 突然闯入
4. make__room__for 为……腾出地方
5. take__on 接纳
6. drive__away 赶走； 驱赶
7. polish__up 提高， 改善
8. make__sure 确保
9. dash__out 冲出去
10. find__out 查明， 发现

1．as if引导的状语从句的省略
Of course.(moves over as__if__to__make__room__for Tony)
当然可以。 (挪至一边，仿佛是在给托尼腾出地方)
2．情态动词＋have done
No.I must__have__forgotten to tell you.
对。 我一定是忘记告诉你们了。
3．with复合结构
Servant dashes out, comes back in with__something__behind his back.
仆人冲出去， 身后藏着什么东西重新上场。

Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．In what style of comedy is The invisible bench? Why?
A．Observational.Because actors act the way people behave or about daily life.
B．Prop.Because actors rely on visual humour.
C．Physical.Because actors use body language to perform the play.
D．Impressionist.Because actors act or speak like a well?known person.
2．What do actors use to perform the play The important papers?
A．They use body language to perform the play.
B．They use a bench to perform the play.
C．They use papers to perform the play.
D．They use the park to perform the play.
3．What does the King really mean by saying “my important papers” ?
A．They mean newspapers.
B．They mean toilet paper.
C．They mean official?looking papers.
D．They mean a page from the Queen’s book.
4．Is there really an invisible bench? Why?
A．Yes.Because we can sit on it.
B．Yes.Because we can see some students sitting on it.
C．No.Because the actors aren’t really sitting on it.They just imagine one.
D．No.Because they have taken it away.
答案： 1－4.CCBC

The invisible① bench②
Characters③： Five students
Setting④： A park
Mike: Really, what this courtyard needs⑤ is a bench.Maybe here? (‘sits’as if there is a bench⑥) No.(gets up, walks to the other side of the stage.Tony enters, but Mike does not notice) Maybe here? (‘sits’ again) Yes, I think maybe here.
Tony: What are you doing?
Mike: I’m sitting on an invisible bench, of course.
Tony: Can I join you?
Mike: Of course.(moves over as if to make room for⑦Tony)
Tony: Ah, it’s rather nice here, isn’t it?
Mike: Indeed.
Both ‘sit’ for a while⑧， reading their textbooks⑨.Cathy enters.
Cathy: What is going on⑩ here?
Mike: We’re sitting on an invisible bench.
Tony: You should join us.It’s nice and cosy?.
Cathy: Okay.Thanks for the invitation?.(Mike and Tony move over.Cathy‘sits’ down alongside? them) Wow, it’s quite comfortable?！
Paula enters.
Paula: Sitting on an invisible bench, are you?
Cathy: Yes, how did you know?
Paula: I was doing the same thing myself, just yesterday.Mind if I sit down?？
Mike looks annoyed?.
Tony and Cathy: Not at all.Please do?！
All make room.Mike stands up and wanders? over to the middle of the stage and ‘sits’ down.Ann enters, looks at Mike.
Ann: You look like you are sitting on an invisible bench.
Mike: Yes, I am.
Ann: What are they doing over there?
Paula and Cathy: We’re sitting on an invisible bench too!
Mike: No, you’re not.
Tony: We’re not?
Mike: No.I must have forgotten? to tell you.(smiles) It got too crowded?， so I moved the bench.
Entiregroup (Tony, Paula and Cathy) fall down.
The End
①invisible[In'vIz?bl]adj.看不见的；无形的
②bench[bent?]n.长凳，长椅
③character n．人物，角色
④setting['setI?]n.(戏剧、小说等的)情节背景；场景；环境
⑤what this courtyard needs是what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作needs的宾语。
⑥as if在此处引导方式状语从句。
⑦make room for为……腾出地方
⑧for a while一会儿
⑨textbook['tekstb?k]n.教科书；课本
现在分词短语reading their textbooks作状语，表示伴随的情况。
⑩go on发生；进行
?cosy['k??zI]adj.暖和舒适的，惬意的
?invitation[?InvI'teI?n]n.邀请
an invitation to do sth.做某事的邀请
receive/get an invitation收到邀请
accept an invitation接受邀请
turn down/refuse an invitation拒绝邀请
?alongside[??l??'saId]prep.&adv.在……旁边，与……一起
?comfortable adj.舒适的，惬意的，轻松自在的
?Mind if I sit down？是Do you mind if I sit down？的省略。
?annoyed adj.恼怒的；气恼的
?do替代上文中的sit down。
?wander vi.徘徊；漫步
?must have done sth.是对过去所做事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做过某事”。
?crowded['kra?dId]adj.拥挤的
entire adj.全部的；整个的
fall down跌倒；失败；倒蹋
fall back退却；后退
fall behind落后，跟不上

隐形长凳
人物：五名学生
场景：一个公园
迈克：说真的，这个庭院需要的就是一条长凳。或许放这儿？(“坐下来”，好像有一条长凳似的)不。(站起来，走到舞台另外一端。托尼上场，但迈克没有注意)也许放这儿？(又“坐下来”)嗯，我想也许可以放这儿。
托尼：你在干什么呢？
迈克：我当然是坐在一条隐形长凳上了。
托尼：我可以和你一起坐吗？
迈克：当然可以。(挪至一边，仿佛是在给托尼腾出地方)
托尼：啊，这里相当不错啊，对吧？
迈克：的确是。
两人都“坐”了一会儿，看着他们的课本。凯西上场。
凯西：这里正在发生什么事呢？
迈克：我们正坐在一条隐形长凳上。
托尼：你应该和我们坐在一起。它真的很好很舒服。
凯西：好的，谢谢邀请。(迈克和托尼挪到一边，凯西在他们身边“坐”下)哇，真的很舒服啊！
葆拉上场。
葆拉：你们坐在一条隐形长凳上，是吧？
凯西：是啊，你怎么知道的？
葆拉：我也做过同样的事，就在昨天。介意我坐下吗？
迈克看上去气恼了。
托尼和凯西：一点儿也不介意。请坐！
大家都(为葆拉)腾出地方。迈克却站起来，溜达到了舞台中央，然后“坐”下来。安上场，看着迈克。
安：你看上去像是坐在一条隐形长凳上。
迈克：是啊，没错。
安：他们在那边干什么呢？
葆拉和凯西：我们也是坐在一条隐形长凳上！
迈克：不，你们不是。
托尼：我们不是？
迈克：对。我一定是忘记告诉你们了。(面带微笑)刚才太拥挤了，所以我就将长凳给搬走了。
一行人(托尼、葆拉和凯西)都跌倒在地。
剧终

The important papers
Characters: The King, the Queen, Servant
Setting: The King’s castle①.King’s armchair② is empty.Queen sits in her armchair, reading③.
King enters.
King: Where are all of our servants? They are so lazy.(yells④)
SERVANT! (Servant enters)
Servant: Yes, sir.What can I bring you?
King: l need, no, I must have, my (gives a serious look at⑤ Servant) important papers.(sits down)
Servant exits⑥， comes back in with a pile⑦ of official?looking⑧ papers and gives them to King.
King: What are these? (throws them at Servant in anger⑨) No, no, no, bring my important papers!
Servant bows⑩， dashes? out, comes back in with a newspaper.
King: No, you fool! (tears? the paper in two) I must have my important papers RIGHT NOW?！！！
Servant exits, comes back in with a magazine.
King: Ahhhh! (takes magazine and runs after? Servant.Servantruns away) Bring...my...important...papers...NOW! It’s an emergency?！ (to Queen) Tell him, dear!
Queen: Umm, (standing, announcing officially) the King requires his important papers.It is your duty to bring them to him at once?.(to King) OK?
King moves around in chair, looking uncomfortable?.
Queen: Are you okay? You seem...anxious...
King: I’m fine.I just need my (with a serious voice) important papers.
Servant bursts in?， next to? Queen, empty?handed? and looking worried.Queen points to a dictionary, or poster on the wall, etc.Servant runs to get it and presents it to King.
King: NO NO NO NO! That is not right.Someone must be able to bring my important papers!
Queen tears a page from her book and offers it to King.He glares at Queen.Servant dashes out, comes back in with something behind his back.
Servant: Sir? (holds out a roll of toilet paper )
King: Yes! My VERY important papers！(runs off stage as fast as possible, running into people and things on the way out )
The End
①castle['kɑ?sl]n.城堡；堡垒
②armchair['ɑ?mt?e?(r)]n.扶手椅
③reading是现在分词作伴随状语。
④yell[jel]vi.&n.叫喊，大喊，吼叫
yell at sb.朝某人大喊大叫
⑤give a serious look at sb.严肃地看了某人一眼
⑥exit v．离去，离开
⑦pile[paIl]n.摞；垛；堆
a pile of一摞，一堆
⑧official?looking[??fI?l'l?kI?]adj.貌似官方的
⑨anger['??ɡ?(r)]n.怒，怒火，怒气
in anger气愤地
⑩bow[ba?]vi.&vt.鞠躬；低头；(使)弯曲n.鞠躬；船头
?dash[d??]vi.急奔，急驰，猛冲n.急奔，猛冲；匆忙，仓促
?tear[te?(r)]/(tore, torn)vt.撕，扯
tear...in two把……撕成两半
?right now立刻；马上
?run after追赶
?emergency n．紧急情况
?It’s one’s duty to do sth.是常用句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
?looking uncomfortable是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
?burst in闯进；突然闯入
burst[b??st](burst，burst) vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂
?next to紧挨着
?empty?handed[?emptI'h?ndId]adj.空手；一无所获
point to指着
glare at对……怒目而视
glare[ɡle?(r)]vi.怒目而视；发出炫目的光
with something behind his back作状语，表示伴随情况。
hold out递出；拿出；伸出
a roll of一卷
toilet paper n．卫生纸，手纸
run off跑掉
as fast as possible尽可能快地
on the way out在出去的路上
running into people and things on...是现在分词短语作伴随状语。

重要的纸
人物： 国王、王后、仆人
场景：国王的城堡。国王的扶手椅空着。王后坐在自己的扶手椅上看书。
国王上场。
国王：我们的仆人都上哪儿去了？一群懒鬼。(叫喊)仆人！(仆人上)
仆人：陛下，您需要什么？
国王：我需要，不，我必须拿到，我的(严肃地看了仆人一眼)重要的纸。(坐下)
仆人出去，拿着一摞官样文件上场并将它们呈给国王。
国王：这都是些什么？(气愤地将文件扔向仆人)不对，不对，不对，把我重要的纸拿来！
仆人一躬身，匆忙离去，之后手持一份报纸重新上场。
国王：不对，你这个傻瓜！(把报纸撕为两半)我必须拿到我的重要的纸，现在就要！！！
仆人退下，之后手持一本杂志重新上场。
国王：啊呀呀呀！(抓着杂志，追赶仆人，仆人逃下)把……我的……重要的……纸……拿来……现在！情况紧急！(转向王后)告诉他，亲爱的！
王后：嗯，(起身，郑重宣布)国王陛下需要他的重要的纸。立即将它们送达国王陛下是你的职责。(转向国王)行吗？
国王在座位上不停地挪动着身体，看上去不舒服的样子。
王后：你没事吧？你看上去……焦虑不安……
国王：我没事。我只是需要我的(声音严肃地)重要的纸。
仆人冲上舞台，来到王后身边，两手空空，看上去很焦虑。王后指向一本词典或者是墙上的招贴画之类的东西，仆人跑过去，将其取下呈给国王。
国王：不对，不对，不对，不对！那不对。一定有人能将我的重要的纸拿来！
王后从自己的书上扯下一页，呈给国王。他瞪着王后。仆人冲出去，身后藏着什么东西重新上场。
仆人：陛下？(递上一卷卫生纸)
国王：对了！我的非常重要的纸！(飞速冲下舞台，在出去的路上撞到人和东西)
剧终　　


strengthen　vt.增强， 巩固　vi.变强
(教材P9)This is because laughter strengthens the heart and the lungs.
这是因为笑会增强心脏和肺活量。

strength n． 力气； 体力； 优势
build up one’s strength 强身健体
strength and weakness 优点和缺点　
①The aim of the meeting is to strengthen the relationship between the two countries.
会议的目的是加强两国之间的关系。
②Practising Chinese Kungfu can not only build__up__one’s__strength but also can develop one’s character.
练习中国功夫不仅能强身健体而且能够培养人的性格。
③The great strength(strengthen) of my plan is that it’s so cheap compared to the others.
我这项计划的最大优点是比其他计划耗资少。

adj.＋?(e)n→v.如下
weak adj.虚弱的→weaken v．削弱， 减弱
deep adj.深的→deepen v．加深
wide adj.宽的→widen v．加宽
sharp adj.锋利的→sharpen v．(使)变得锋利
ripe adj.成熟的→ripen v．(使)成熟
loose adj.松的， 宽大的→loosen v．解开， 松开
short adj.短的→shorten v．使变短
drive away　把(车)开走； 赶走； 驱赶
(教材P9)Enjoying a funny comedy or reading some jokes will drive away your negative feelings and make you feel much better.　
享受搞笑的喜剧或阅读一些笑话会赶走你的负面情绪， 让你感觉好很多。

drive off (汽车、 驾驶员等)开走； 驾车离开； 赶走， 击退
drive sb.mad 使某人发疯
drive sb.to do sth. 迫使某人做某事　
①The fresh morning air seemed to drive away all his gloomy thoughts.
早晨的清新空气仿佛驱散了他所有那些阴郁的念头。
②Please drive__your__car__away,__no parking here.
请你把车开走， 这儿不许停车。
③It almost drove__him__mad that the children kept making noise outside the window.
孩子们在窗外不停地吵闹， 这几乎让他发疯。
guarantee　vt.保证……免受损失或伤害；担保
n．保证；保证书
(经典例句)Drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.
投一枚硬币到清澈碧蓝的水中，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。

(1)guarantee...against/from 保证……不……
guarantee to do sth. 保证要做某事
guarantee sth.for＋时间 某物保修期为……
guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.
向某人担保某事
(2)under guarantee 在保修期内　
①We should pay attention to small details, which can guarantee us to succeed in the end.
我们应注意小细节，这保证我们最终能成功。
②Even if you complete your training，I can’t guarantee__you__a__job．　即使你完成了培训，我也不能保证你能有工作。
③The equipment is under__guarantee,__so you needn’t worry about the fee.
这个设备在保修期内，因此你不必担心费用。
instruct　vt.命令； 指导； 通知，告知； 教导；
教授，传授； 指示
(教材P11)He has instructed students from over 70 different countries.
他指导了来自70多个国家的学生。

(1)instruct sb.to do sth.指导/命令/通知某人做某事
instruct sb.in sth. 给某人讲授某事； 指导某人
某事
as instructed 依照指示
(2)instruction n. 用法说明； 操作指南
(常用作复数)
(3)instructive adj. 教育的， 指导性的
(4)instructor n. 辅导员， 讲师　
①Greater effort is needed to instruct children in road safety.
需要更大的努力来教导孩子们的道路安全意识。
②The water companies were instructed not to__expose(expose) people to polluted water any more.
自来水公司接到命令， 不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。
③Under the teacher’s instruction(instruct), I have made great progress in English.
在老师的指导下， 我在英语方面取得了很大进步。
④Please follow the instructions(instruct) when taking the drug.　服用这药时， 请遵照说明书。
take on　接纳； 呈现； 开始雇用； 承担； 从事
(教材P11)In an interview, he told us that he is always happy to take on new foreign students.　在一次采访中， 他告诉我们说他随时都乐于接收新的外国学生。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中take on的含义
(1)Our factory will take on twenty more workers next month.雇用
(2)Is he willing to take on the responsibility? 承担
(3)After the students put up Christmas decorations, the classroom took on a holiday appearance.呈现
(4)Why do you take on a second job? 从事
(5)The farmer took on the lost travelers for the night.接纳

take apart　 拆开
take back 收回(说错的话)
take down 拆除； 记下
take in 吸收， 接纳； 理解， 领会； 欺骗
take off 脱下； 起飞； 成功
take over 接管， 接任　
①It is the last time that I will take on this sort of work.
这将是我最后一次从事这种工作了。
②He does not know how to persuade his son to take__over his business.
他不知道如何说服儿子接管他的事业。
③Internet shopping will take__off__when people make sure that it is safe.
当人们确信了网购的安全性时， 它就成功了。
④Before gold, even kings take__off their hats.
[谚]有钱能使鬼推磨。
tear　vt.& vi.撕，扯； 撕下　n．泪珠(常用复数)
(教材P15)No, you fool！(tears the paper in two)
不对， 你这个傻瓜！(把报纸撕为两半)

(1)tear...down　　 撕掉； 拆毁
tear...into pieces 把……撕成碎片
tear apart 拆散
(2)burst into tears 突然哭了起来
be moved to tears 被感动得流泪了
in tears 含泪， 流着眼泪　
①The naughty boy tore his new toy apart.
这个淘气的小男孩把他的新玩具拆零散了。
②They are tearing__down these old houses to build a new office building.
他们正在拆除这些旧房子以便建一座新的办公楼。
③Tears in her eyes, she tore her boyfriend’s letter into__pieces.
眼含着泪， 她把男朋友的来信撕成了碎片。
④Hearing the frightening news, all the girls in the room burst into tears.
听到这可怕的消息， 屋里的女孩都哭了。
burst in　闯进；突然闯入； 突然插嘴， 插话(为不及物动词词组)
(教材P15)Servant bursts in, next to Queen...
仆人冲上舞台， 来到王后身边……

(1)burst out 突然开始； 突然……起来
burst out doing＝burst into＋n. 突然……起来
burst into (为及物动词词组) 闯入
(2)burst with joy/happiness/anger 非常高兴/幸福/勃然大怒　
The police burst in and arrested the man who was taking drugs.　警察突然闯进来，逮捕了正在吸毒的那个人。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)(朗文辞典)They all burst out laughing(laugh) at the expression on her face.
(2)Knowing his son has been admitted into Harvard University，the father burst with joy.
(3) The boy hadn’t seen his mother for a long time，so when he saw his mother he burst out tears.out→into
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Hearing the funny story, all the people present laughed suddenly.
(4)(高级表达)Hearing the funny story, all the people present burst__out__laughing．
(5)(高级表达)Hearing the funny story, all the people present burst__into__laughter．
present　vt.讲演； 演示； 正式介绍； 赠送； 颁发
adj.在场的， 出席的(表语或后置定语); 目前的(前置定语)
n．礼物
(教材P15)Servant runs to get it and presents it to King.
仆人跑过去，将其取下呈给国王。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中present的词性及含义
(1)The present situation is taking a turn for the better.adj.当前的
(2)The experts present at the meeting are from all over the world.adj.出席的
(3)Whenever you buy a present，you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view. n．礼物

(1)present sth.to sb.＝present sb. with sth.
把某物赠送/颁发给某人
present sth. to sb. 向……陈述/表达……
(2)at present 目前；现在
(3)be present at 出席……

present用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时常作前置定语。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)The principal presented each of the graduates with a diploma yesterday.
＝The principal presented a diploma to each of the graduates yesterday.
(2)The number of people present(present) at the concert was more than expected.
(3) At the present, many new workers are being trained and in six months they will be sent to build a new railway. 去掉present前的the
glare at　(生气、 愤怒地)瞪着……
(教材P15)He glares at Queen.　他瞪着王后。


stare at 指目不转睛地注视， 盯着看
glare at 指怒目而视
gaze at 指由于好奇、 惊讶、 喜悦或感兴趣而盯着看
glance at 指 “瞥见， 一瞥， 浏览， (粗略地)看一下； (有意识)扫了一眼”
①He didn’t shout.He just glared at me silently.
他没冲我吼， 只是默默地怒视着我。
②She gazed at him in amusement.　她惊异地注视着他。
③I stared blankly at the paper in front of me.
我茫然地看着面前的这张纸。
[巧学活用]——翻译句中的黑体部分， 注意与 “看” 有关的词组的意义
(1)They didn’t fight, but stood there glaring at one another.相互怒目而视
(2)It is not polite to stare at others in public.盯着他人看
(3)She is gazing at the film star with worship.注视着这位电影明星
(4)He glanced at the envelope and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.瞥了一眼那个信封
hold out　递出；拿出；伸出； 坚持， 维持； 抱有
(教材P15)Sir? (holds out a roll of toilet paper)
殿下？ (递上一卷卫生纸)

hold back 隐瞒； 阻碍； 抑制
hold up 举起； 耽搁
hold on 别挂电话， 稍等； 坚持
hold on to 抓紧； 不放开； 坚持； 不放弃
I’d thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable.
我以为我能坚持到牙医度假回来，但是疼痛实在难忍。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1) I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.
(2)His car was held up in the traffic jam，so he was late for the party.
(3)I always held on to the belief that one day he would succeed.
(4)—Is Peter there?
—Hold on,__please. I’ll see if I can find him for you.

(教材P7)Don’t worry, just follow the stage directions that you have learnt, and say your lines, and you will do fine！　不要担心， 只要按照你学习的舞台说明做， 说你的台词， 你会做得很好！
本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句” 句型。该句型中祈使句表示条件，相当于if引导的条状语从句，陈述句常用一般将来时，表示结果。and后的陈述句表示一种结果，前后两个句子之间为承接关系；若前后为转折关系时，用or，译成“否则，要不然”。此句型的变化形式：

(1)祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句
(2)名词词组＋and＋陈述句(名词词组中通常含有more，another等词)
①Practice a lot and you will speak English very fluently.
多练习，你的英语就会说的很流利。
②Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.
人必自敬，然后人敬之。

对上述句型的考查主要有三个方面： (1)连词是用and还是or(这取决于句意)；(2)祈使句句首的动词用何种形式(祈使句句首要用动词原形); (3)陈述句的谓语用何种时态(常用一般将来时)。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)Read the story, and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
(2)Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs or you will have problems.
(3) Appreciate everything you’ve got and you will__make__(make) your brightest dreams come true.
(4)Trying some of this juice—perhaps you’ll like it.Trying→Try
(5)One more minute or I will finish my homework.or→and
(教材P9)The next time you feel upset or disappointed, do not worry.　下次你感到沮丧或失望时， 不要担心。
句中The next time为名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“下次……的时候”。用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：

(1)any time，every time，the first time，the last time，by the time, the day等。
(2)the moment，the instant，the minute意为“一……就……”相当于as soon as。
①(名人名言)Our greatest glory consists not in never falling but in rising every time we fall.—O. Goldsmith
我们最值得自豪的不在于从不跌倒，而在于每次跌倒之后都爬起来。——哥德斯密斯
② “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.”This is what my mother used to tell me.
“每次你吃甜点的时候，就喝点绿茶。”这是过去妈妈经常对我说的话。

(1)名词短语引导时间状语从句是高考潜在命题点，考生须注意名词词组后不能再加when等引导时间状语从句的连词。
(2)the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。for the first time是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次”。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)(朗文辞典)He said he’d phone you the moment he got home.
＝He said he’d phone you directly(direct) he got home.
(2)I knew that Jane was a quiet but determined girl for the first time I saw her in class. 去掉for
(3) The next time when you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip. 去掉when
(教材P14)Of course.(moves over as if to make room for Tony)
当然可以。 (挪至一边，仿佛是在给托尼腾出地方)

句中as if的意思是“好像，仿佛”。可用在look, seem, smell, taste, sound等系动词后面，引导表语从句；也可引导方式状语从句。如果as if引导从句的动作发生的可能性较大，就要用陈述语气。如果从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下：
(1)表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式。
(2)表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done。
(3)表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might do。
①It looks as if it is going to rain.
天看起来好像要下雨。
②He talks as if he had__been__to many places in the world.
他谈起话来好像他去过世界上的很多地方似的。

如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。
③She walked here and there on the playground as if looking(look) for something.
她在操场上来回走，好像在找什么东西。
(教材P14)Mind if I sit down?
介意我坐下吗？

本句为省略句， 补充完整为： Do you mind if I sit down?
(1)基本用法：
Do/Would you mind...? 最通常的用法是表示请求允许或征求对方意见(后接动名词或 if从句， 其中 Do也可换成 Would, 语气更委婉), 意为 “劳驾……可以吗？” “你可否……？” “请你做……好吗？ ”。
(2)表示同意(即不介意)的答语：
No, that’s all right. 不介意， 没关系。
No, go ahead, please. 不介意， 请吧。
Certainly not. 当然不介意。
Of course not. 当然不介意。
No, not at all. 一点也不介意。
No, I don’t mind at all. 一点也不介意。
(3)表示不同意(即介意)的答语：
Yes, I do mind. 是的， 我介意。
Please don’t... 请别……
Better not, please. 请最好不要。
I’d rather you didn’t. 我宁愿你不做。
Do you mind if I switch the radio off?
我可以关掉收音机吗？


品句填词
1．It is a systematic attempt to 　　　　　　(加强) our competitive ability.
答案：strengthen
2．He has a 　　　　　　(积极的) attitude towards life.
答案：positive
3．Her job is to 　　　　　　(指导) Mary in Chinese.
答案：instruct
4．The postman ran fast to deliver the 　　　　　　(邀请) card.
答案：invitation
5．The speaker spent several days 　　　　　　(润色) her lecture.
答案：polishing
6．A total of more than 12， 000 athletes from 45 countries 　　　　　　(参加) in the 16th Asian Games.
答案：participated
7．Can you give me a 　　　　　　(保证) that the work will be finished on time？
答案：guarantee
8．Sam has 　　　　　　(获得) the highest grade in his English exam.
答案：attained
9．The bus was so 　　　　　　(拥挤的) that I had to stand all the way to the school.
答案：crowded
10．She 　　　　　　(怒视) at the stranger in response to his bad manners.
答案：glared
单句改错
1．Both of the two restaurants have their strength and weaknesses， so they decided to combine them together into a larger one.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：strength→strengths
2．My watch is still in guarantee， so they’ll fix it for free. 　　　　　　　　　　
答案： in→under
3．If you read the instruction， you’ll see where you went wrong.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：instruction→instructions
4．Hearing the news， she burst into tear and burst out of the room.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：tear→tears
5．You can only be sure of what you have in present； you cannot be sure of something you might get in the future.　　　　　　　　　　
答案：第一个in→at
完成句子
1．他谈论起长城好像长城是他自己建造的一样。
He talked about the Great Wall as if it 　　　　　　　　　　 by himself.
答案：had been built
2．他揉眼睛， 打哈欠， 似乎从漫长的睡眠中刚刚醒来。
He rubbed his eyes and yawned 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 after a long sleep.
答案：as if (he was) waking up
3．——你介意我在这儿吸烟吗？
—Would you mind 　　　　　　 I 　　　　　　 here？
——我希望你别抽。
—I’d rather you 　　　　　　Ｗ.
答案：if；smoked；didn’t
4．早五分钟， 我们就可以避免这场事故了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and we could have avoided the accident.
答案：Five minutes earlier
5．我第一次遇见他时， 他在一家大公司做秘书。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he was working as a secretary in a big company.
答案：The first time I met him
课文语法填空
This is a joke 1.　　　　　　 an invisible bench.Mike pretends 2.　　　　　　(sit) on an invisible bench.Soon Tony joins him and Mike moves over as if 3.　　　　　　(make) room for him.After a while Cathy enters.She asks what 4.　　　　　　(go) on.Tony invites her to join them.5.　　　　　　(think) that it is nice and cosy， Cathy accepts the 6.　　　　　　(invite).She sits on it， too.When Paula enters 7.　　　　　　 wants to sit on the same invisible bench， Mike looks 8.　　　　　　(annoy).All make room.Mike stands up and wanders over to the middle of the stage and “sits” down.Just then， Ann enters.She asks 9.　　　　　　 they are doing over there.When Mike says that it got too crowded and he moved the bench but forgot 10.　　　　　　(tell) them， all the others fall down.
答案：1.about　2.to sit　3.to make　4.is going
5．Thinking　6.invitation　7.and　8.annoyed　9.what　10.to tell

A卷
单句语法填空
1．Tom grabbed the envelope and tore 　　　　　　(see) if he’d got that job.
答案：to see
2．All these beauties will already be familiar 　　　　　　 the visitors， who have seen them also in other cities.
答案：to
3．The Chinese government has taken steps 　　　　　　(strength) the economy.
答案：to strengthen
4．Her mother hardly ever shouted at her 　　　　　　 anger.
答案：in
5．She was very glad to see her son 　　　　　　(take) good care of in the nursery.
答案：taken
6．Do tell me the way you think of 　　　　　　(solve) the problem as soon as possible.
答案：to solve
7．It is impolite of you 　　　　　　(tear) the letter into pieces.
答案：to tear
8．A stranger burst in， 　　　　　　(interrupt)their conversation.
答案：interrupting
9．Much 　　　　　　 my regret， I am unable to accept your kind invitation.
答案：to
10．Harbin has become 　　　　　　 international city， many foreigners live and work here.
答案：an
阅读理解
A
Tom Dreesen’s life has equally contributed to comedy and philanthropy(慈善). He is excellent at both， and has achieved great success in both areas.
Dreesen has made over 500 appearances on national television as a stand?up comedian， including more than 60 appearances on The Tonight Show. He is a favorite guest of David Letterman， and frequently hosts the show in Letterman’s absence. For 13 years he toured across the country， and has appeared countless times in Las Vegas， Reno and Atlantic City. Tom has acted in many television shows—from Columbo to Murder， She Wrote—and appeared in movies including Man on the Moon and Spaceballs. He has starred in his own TV comedy special， Dreesen Street， and hosted a late night talk show in Chicago， Night Time Starring Tom Dreesen.
Dreesen’s comic style is warm. Daily Variety called him “a professional comedian and one of the most respected family comedians of our time”. Larry Wilde， author of The Great Comedians said about Tom’s performances， “Excellent material， perfect timing， Tom Dreesen is the greatest comedian.” Frank Sinatra， who called himself a “pub singer”， described Dreesen as a “pub comedian”. “We’re a couple of neighborhood kind of guys，” said Sinatra.
Dreesen has also made an unbelievable mark with his philanthropic activities. For 30 years he has lent his talent(才能) to over 100 charities， and founded a “Day for Darlene” to benefit Multiple Sclerosis(多发性硬化症) Research. He ran 26 miles on three occasions for the event， which is named for his late sister who was suffering from multiple sclerosis.
And he’s still going strong. A proud veteran(老兵) of the United States Navy， he continues to perform for US troops all over the world. Tom Dreesen’s hometown of Harvey， Illinois named a street after him. He received the Ellis Island Medal of Honor in 2005.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了喜剧表演家Tom Dreesen的个人成就。
1．In what way did Dreesen help Letterman？
A.He tried to invite Letterman’s favorite guests.
B.He appeared 500 times on Letterman’s shows.
C.He talked highly of Letterman’s shows in public.
D.He took Letterman’s place when he was away.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的He is a favorite guest of David Letterman， and frequently hosts the show in Letterman’s absence.可知，Letterman不在的时候Dreesen会代替他主持节目。
2．What does Larry Wilde think of Dreesen？
A.He is a pub comedian.
B.He is quite warm?hearted.
C.He is good at creating excellent ideas.
D.He is the most respected family comedian.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Larry Wilde， author of The Great Comedians said about Tom’s performances， “Excellent material， perfect timing， Tom Dreesen is the greatest comedian.”可知，Larry Wilde认为Dreesen能想出绝佳的喜剧段子。
3．What can be learned about “Day for Darlene”？
A.It has a history of 30 years.
B.It was named after a person.
C.It is a charity for various diseases.
D.It was founded by Dreesen and his sister.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的He ran 26 miles on three occasions for the event， which is named for his late sister可知，这个项目是以Dreesen妹妹的名字命名的。
4．What does Dreesen do for US troops？
A.He fights in battles.
B.He helps some veterans.
C.He visits the US Navy often.
D.He brings them entertainment.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的he continues to perform for US troops all over the world可知，Dreesen为美国部队进行表演。
B
Secret Garden
by Johanna Basford， Scottish illustrator　
It is a coloring book for adults.Like a treasure hunt，the book features all kinds of creatures， including songbirds， butterflies and sharks.Since its publication in 2013， it has sold more than 14 million copies in 22 languages worldwide.
Fill?Me?In
by Moose Allain， British artist
This book is not just about coloring.It gives you the opportunity to create in your own way and makes your imagination come alive.As it’s designed for both young and old， you can get one for yourself or buy it as a gift for your parents.
The Mindfulness Colouring Book
by Emma Farrarons， French illustrator
If you want to enjoy a kind of on?the?go relaxation，this pocket?sized coloring book is a good choice.It was published in January 2015 and has been available in 12 languages.The book is filled with beautiful scenes and complicated patterns.They inspire you to think about your artwork， which helps release anxiety and get rid of stress.
The Mandala Coloring Book
by Jim Gogarty， British artist
The mandala is a sacred(神圣的) symbol in Hinduism and Buddhism.It attracts people with its bright patterns and awakens in them a sense of peace.The author began drawing mandalas in 2005 and created this book later.The book features 100 customizable(可定制的) mandala drawings that you can color in.
【解题导语】　文章介绍四本填色书的作者和书的内容。
5．Which book is related to human beliefs？
A.Secret Garden.
B.Fill?Me?In.
C.The Mindfulness Colouring Book.
D.The Mandala Coloring Book.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据The Mandala Coloring Book下面的句子“The mandala is a sacred(神圣的)symbol in Hinduism”可知，The Mandala Coloring Book和人们的信仰有关。故选D项。
6．What is the feature of Fill?Me?In？
A.It is a book for people of all ages.
B.It is designed by a British novelist.
C.It can make your life full of imagination.
D.It is simply a coloring book.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Fill?Me?In下面的句子“As it’s designed for both young and old， you can get one for yourself or buy it as a gift for your parents.”可知，Fill?Me?In的特点是它是适合各个年龄层次的书。故选A项。
7．What do Secret Garden and The Mindfulness Colouring Book have in common？
A.They have been translated into many languages.
B.They were published in the same year.
C.They teach how to hunt treasure.
D.They are the same in size.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一本和第三本书的句子“it has sold more than 14 million copies in 22 languages worldwide和It was published in January 2015 and has been available in 12 languages.”可知，Secret Garden和The Mindfulness Colouring Book都被翻译成好几种语言。故选A项。
语法填空
Think of a number between one and ten. Was it seven？ Researchers have found that， when 1.　　　　　　(ask) to think of a number between one and ten， 2.　　　　　　 number of people will think of the number seven. The number seven is usually the favorite. Why is that？
3．　　　　　　 many cultures around the world， “seven” 4.　　　　　　(consider) a lucky number. Some scientists and mathematicians also believe there are some interesting characteristics of the number 5.　　　　　　(it).
6．　　　　　　 the number seven is really lucky or not is a matter of opinion. Some people believe it is， but this belief may 7.　　　　　　(simple) come from the positive things related to the number. The number seven enjoys a long history of positive associations(联系). If you start looking for reasons， you 8.　　　　　　(find) that the number seems to appear everywhere. There are seven days in a week. How many colors are there in a rainbow？ Seven！ There are seven 9.　　　　　　(continent). Some researchers have found that human memory works best when 10.　　　　　　(remember) up to—but not more than—seven items.
Mathematically， the number seven is an odd number. Even numbers can be easily divided by two， so odd numbers seem more unique to some people.
【解题导语】　本文为大家简单讲述了为什么数字“7”会被认为是幸运数字。
1．asked　解析：考查非谓语动词。后面主句主语跟动词ask为被动关系，故用其过去分词。
2．a　解析：考查冠词。这里指很多人，a number of意为“大量的”。
3．In　解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，这里指“在很多文化中”。
4．is considered　解析：考查动词语态和时态。主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系，且根据上下文可知，用一般现在时，故填is considered。
5．itself　解析：考查代词。这里指数字本身，故填反身代词。
6．Whether　解析：考查连词。根据后文的or not可知，需要填连词Whether。
7．simply　解析：考查副词。修饰动词come需要用副词。
8．will find　解析：考查动词时态。If条件句，主将从现。意为：如果你开始找寻原因，那么你将会发现数字“7”似乎随处可见。
9．continents　解析：考查名词。七大洲，故用复数形式。
10．remembering　解析：考查非谓语动词。跟在连词后面，且为主动关系，故填现在分词形式。
B卷
阅读理解
A new study shows that fat people in the United States suffer direct economic and social effects because of their size. The findings are from an 8?year study of about 100，000 people. The people studied were between the ages of 16 and 25 when the research began.
The researchers who carried out the study say they consider the people fat if they are in the top of 5% of the measurement in which weight is connected with height. For example， fat women in the study were about 160 centimeters tall and weighed about 90 kilograms. Fat men in the study were about 175 centimeters tall and weighed 100 kilograms. The researchers say that more than 1，000，000 Americans are that big. The researchers found that fat young women were more likely to lose social and economic power even if they were from wealthy families. The fat women also were 20% less likely to get married and they earned an average of about $6，700 a year less than other women. The study showed less serious effect on fat men. They earned an average of about $3，000 a year less than other men. Fat men also were 11% less likely to get married.
1．From this passage we know fat people in America were 　　　　Ｗ.
A.admired　　　　　　　　 B.respected
C.unhealthy D.unpopular
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段首句“...fat people in the United Sates suffer direct economic and social effects because of their size.”可判断肥胖者在美国是不受欢迎的。unpopular不受欢迎的。admired＝respected受尊敬的；unhealthy不健康的。
2．Which of the following was NOT mentioned in this passage？
A.The reason why fat people suffered.
B.The cause that caused people to be fat.
C.The standard of fat people.
D.The number of fat people.
B　解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲了在美国有很多肥胖者，肥胖者的人数、肥胖的标准以及为何肥胖者会受经济、社会的影响之苦。文章没有提到造成肥胖者肥胖的原因。
3．Fat people were inferior to(比……差)other people in 　　　　Ｗ.
A.brain， human rights and payment
B.income， marriage and political rights
C.brain， education and marriage
D.marriage， getting jobs and income
D　解析：细节理解题。本文主要讲了肥胖者在婚姻、找工作及收入方面与正常人的差别。没有提及在智力、人权和教育等方面的问题。
完形填空
In late 2013， my dad was diagnosed with cancer. The news was a 　1　 to all of us， but my dad took it like a man and 　2　 until the end. After his diagnosis， my dad visited many doctors with different opinions on how to 　3　 him. He received several rounds of radiation and chemotherapy treatments. 　4　， after all this， the tumor(肿瘤) started to become smaller. Sadly， a small part of it was 　5　 there and it finally grew back. This 　6　 more hospital visits and medicines.
Despite the 　7　 my dad was facing， he still tried to act like everything was 　8　Ｗ. Dad would come to all my games， concerts， and events. He never showed his 　9　 and started each day with a smile. One of his favorite things was to cheer us on by 　10　 with us. Unfortunately， cancer finally took over. His body just 　11　 and on August 11， 2017， we all said our final goodbyes to Dad. What followed was a funeral that felt like a 　12　 dream. The days after this were dark， 　13　 we had to try to go back to our daily lives.
I feel that I learned two 　14　 lessons from this experience. The first thing was to be strong in 　15　 times and the second was to 　16　 my mom. I learned to be strong by watching my dad throughout his 　17　Ｗ. Looking back on the experience， I do believe that I 　18　 my strength by holding myself together and helping my mom deal with the pain. My poor mom was really broken at this point and she needed 　19　Ｗ. I provided this by helping around the house and offering hugs when needed. Out of tragedy comes learning and 　20　Ｗ. I became a strong person and I hope my dad is proud of me.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲身患癌症后依然坚强面对生活，失去父亲之后作者也变得成熟且坚强。
1．A.start　　　　　　　　 B.shock
C.trick D.favor
B　解析：根据语境可知，父亲被诊断出患有癌症对作者一家人来说是个打击(shock)。
2．A.waited B.suffered
C.survived D.fought
D　解析：作者的父亲坚强面对疾病，奋战(fought)到了最后。
3．A.save B.change
C.follow D.understand
A　解析：父亲看了许多医生，他们有不同的方法来挽救(save)父亲的生命。
4．A.Suddenly B.Secretly
C.Luckily D.Disappointedly
C　解析：幸运的是(Luckily)，经过一番治疗后父亲的癌症有所好转。
5．A.ever B.still
C.also D.even
B　解析：一小部分肿瘤仍旧(still)留在父亲的身体里面并且最终复发了。
6．A.worked out B.came from
C.led to D.put off
C　解析：根据语境可知，癌症复发导致(led to)父亲需要频繁去医院和吃药。
7．A.pain B.regret
C.praise D.support
A　解析：联系上下文可知，癌症复发后父亲面临着痛苦(pain)。
8．A.crazy B.normal
C.surprising D.imperfect
B　解析：根据下文Dad would come to all my games， concerts， and events.可知，尽管父亲面临着痛苦，但他仍然表现得很正常(normal)。
9．A.courage B.anger
C.patience D.weakness
D　解析：父亲从不展露自己的软弱(weakness)，他每天都带着微笑。
10．A.discussing B.agreeing
C.joking D.struggling
C　解析：父亲最喜欢做的事就是用开玩笑(joking)的方式鼓舞“我们”，故选“joking”。
11．A.turned up B.gave up
C.set off D.paid off
B　解析：联系上下文可知，父亲的身体最终在与癌症的斗争中败下阵来，故选“gave up”。
12．A.nice B.false
C.common D.terrible
D　解析：对作者来说，之后的葬礼就像一场噩梦，故选“terrible”。
13．A.but B.so
C.for D.or
A　解析：之后的日子很黯淡，但(but)作者一家努力尝试着过回普通的生活。
14．A.simple B.valuable
C.complex D.strange
B　解析：根据语境可知，这段经历让作者得到了两个宝贵的(valuable)经验。
15．A.happy B.tough
C.peaceful D.dangerous
B　解析：作者学会的第一件事便是在艰难的(tough)时刻要保持坚强。
16．A.bring up B.pick up
C.take control of D.take care of
D　解析：根据下文helping my mom deal with the pain可知，作者还学会了要照顾(take care of)自己的母亲。
17．A.study B.battle
C.choice D.failure
B　解析：在目睹父亲与癌症的抗争(battle)过程中，作者学会了坚强。
18．A.judged B.considered
C.showed D.lost
C　解析：作者自己振作了起来并帮助母亲排解了痛苦，这显示了(showed)他的坚强。
19．A.time B.advice
C.freedom D.comfort
D　解析：作者在母亲伤心过度和需要安慰(comfort)的时候给了她帮助和拥抱。
20．A.growth B.success
C.teaching D.practice
A　解析：根据语境可知，这场悲剧给作者带来了学习和成长(growth)。
短文改错
Yesterday， I visited a nursing home and played the guitar for several old man. I played a piece calling “Flight of the Eagle” for the sick man. He said that he wanted to be as freely as the eagle after his recovery. Another man for who I played was a pianist when he was young， so we had “musical language” in common. I find him relaxed as I played， and then he fell asleep quiet.Later， they told to me how grateful they were for my coming. I was deeply rewarded by playing music for him， because my small action gave me a chance to take care the sick.
答案：
Yesterday， I visited a nursing home and played the guitar for several old . I played a piece “Flight of the Eagle” for sick man. He said that he wanted to be as as the eagle after his recovery. Another man for I played was a pianist when he was young， so we had “musical language” in common. I him relaxed as I played， and then he fell asleep .Later， they told me how grateful they were for my coming. I was deeply rewarded by playing music for ， because my small action gave me a chance to take care the sick.







PAGE



1



(共97张PPT)
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
Section Ⅲ　Word power, Task & Project
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
自学导引·语篇理解
自主探究·巩固新知
教材助读·解疑清障
读懂课文·破解难疑
要点透析·讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练






Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing

非谓语动词(一)非谓语动词主要包括不定式、 v．?ing和过去分词。 为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义， 我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中作主语、 宾语、 宾语补足语、 定语、 状语、 表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
一、 不定式和动名词作主语
1．不定式作主语
To be a doctor is hard.　做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.　学好英语不容易。
(1)动词不定式(短语)作主语时， 为了避免句子的头重脚轻， 可以用 “it” 作形式主语， 而把真正的主语——动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。 例如上面的句子可以表示为：
It is hard to be a doctor.和It is not easy to learn English well.
(2)表示动词不定式的动作是谁做的， 可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语， 称为不定式的复合结构。
It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.
对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。
2．动名词作主语
His being elected our chairman made us think of a lot.
他当选为我们的主席使我们思绪万千。
动名词作主语时， 对于一些比较长的动名词短语， 一般采用 “It is...” 和 “There is...” 两种句式来表示。 例如：
It is no use waiting for him any longer.
等他是没有用的。
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
对接高考
①____________(ignore)the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
无视两个研究结果的区别将会成为你犯的最糟糕的错误之一。
Ignoring　解析：根据句子结构可知，这里需要一个动名词作主语。
二、 非谓语动词作定语
1．不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语常放在所修饰的名词或代词后面， 相当于一个定语从句。
I have something important to tell you.(＝ I have something important that I want to tell you.)
我有重要的事情要告诉你。
He is the right person to do that job.(＝He is the right person who can do that job.)
他是做那份工作的合适人选。
(2)在处于动宾关系的情况下， 若不定式为不及物动词， 其后须加上结构和意义上所需的介词。
Henry is a pleasant man to talk to.
与亨利说话很令人高兴。
He has no pencil to write with.
他没有写字用的铅笔了。
(3)不定式作定语表将来。
What is the next thing to be done?
其次要做的事是什么？
(4)不定式常跟最高级、 序数词和不定代词连用。
What’s the best way to get to the station?
到车站怎么走最好？
He was the very last to leave the office.
他是最后一个离开办公室的。
(5)常与抽象名词连用。
The children all have chance to go to school.
孩子们都有机会上学。
Ask if he has the ability to do it.
询问他能否做此事。
对接高考
②Volunteering gives you a chance ____________(change) lives, including your own.
志愿者工作给了你改变生活的机会， 包括你自己的。
to change　解析： a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”。 所以应填to change。
2．动名词作定语
动名词作定语常常置于被修饰词之前， 表示被修饰的名词的用途或者性能， 可以形成that/which can be used for doing结构。
Do you know if the sleeping pill has its side effect? (＝Do you know if the pill that/which can be used for sleeping has its side effect? )　你知道安眠药有副作用吗？
We used a branch as a fishing pole.(＝We used a branch as a pole that/which can be used for fishing.)
我们用树枝做钓竿。
3．分词作定语
(1)作定语用的分词如果是一个单词， 一般放在被修饰词的前面； 如果是分词短语作定语， 则放在被修饰词的后面； 分词作定语相当于定语从句； 过去分词作定语， 它和被修饰词之间往往是被动关系(及物动词), 或已经完成(不及物动词); 现在分词作定语， 它和被修饰词之间往往是主动关系。
He was hit by a falling tree (a tree that/which was falling)and killed on the spot.
他被倒下来的树击中， 当场死亡。
We have boiled eggs(eggs that/which are boiled) for breakfast every day.　我们每天早餐都吃煮鸡蛋。
Boiling point of water(the point at which water is boiling) is 100 Celsius.　水的沸点是100摄氏度。
(2)being＋过去分词作定语表示被动和正在进行； to be＋过去分词表被动和将来。
The house being built (The house that/which is being built)will be our new library.
正在建造中的这所房子将是我们的新图书馆。
The question to be discussed (The question that/which will be discussed)tomorrow is very important.
明天将要讨论的问题很重要。
对接高考
③There are still many problems ____________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
在我们准备在月球上长期生活之前， 还有很多问题有待于解决。
to be solved　解析： 根据句意可知很多问题还没有被解决， 都是未来将要发生的事情， 所以使用不定式。 而这些问题又是要被解决的， 所以使用不定式的被动语态。
三、 不定式和分词作宾语补足语
1．不定式作宾补
(1)动词不定式作宾补省略to的情况： see, watch, notice, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel等感官动词， 以及have, let, make等使役动词后面加宾语补足语时， 不定式符号to要省略， 但如果句子变成被动结构， 就必须带to。 help的宾补可以加to也可以不加to(五看、 三让、 两听、 一感觉、 半帮助)。
Did you notice anyone leave the house?
你注意到有人离开这座房子了吗？
Was anyone noticed to take the kid away?
可注意到有人带走孩子了吗？
(2)后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词和动词短语有： wish, cause, ask, beg, expect, force, invite, permit, persuade, want, warn, like, order, allow, advise, request, require, get, remind, teach, send, call on, wait for, would like/love, prefer, arrange for, depend on等。
They called on the writer to make a speech.
他们要求那位作家做一次演讲。
(3)think, consider, find等动词后作宾语补足语通常是 “to be＋形容词或名词” 结构， to be常可省略。
This award is considered (to be) a great honor.
这个奖项被认为是极大的荣誉。
She thought him (to be) kind and generous.
她认为他宽厚仁慈。
2．分词作宾补
分词可以跟名词或代词构成复合宾语， 并且名词或代词与分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系， 主动用现在分词， 被动用过去分词。
He kept the car waiting at the gate.他让小汽车在门口等着。
The teacher spoke loudly in order to make himself heard by the students at the back.
老师提高声音让后边的学生也能听到。
以see/leave/have为例来理解宾语补足语：
(1)see, observe, watch, hear, find, feel等后接宾补
①see sb.do sth.看见某人做了某事(动作的过程)
I saw him come in.　我看见他走了进来。
②see sth.done 看见某事被做(表被动)
The next day we saw the ground covered with thick snow.　第二天我们看到地面被厚厚的积雪所覆盖。
③see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事(表主动、 进行)
I saw him coming into the room.我看见他正走进房间。
④see sth.doing看见某事处于某种状态
I saw the fire burning all night long.我看到火着了一晚上。
(2)leave后接宾补
①leave sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事
It’s wrong of you to leave him waiting for a long time.
让他等这么久是你的不对。
②leave sth.undone留下某事未做
He left his meal untouched.　他搁下饭菜没去碰它。
③leave sb.to do sth.留下某人做某事
He left, leaving me to do all the rest work.
他走了， 让我做剩余的所有工作。
④leave sth.to be done留下某事要做
He died and left many problems to be settled.
他死了， 留下很多问题有待解决。
(3)have, get, make等后接宾补
①have sb.do sth.(＝get sb.to do sth.)让某人做某事
He had me post the letter for him.
他让我把信给他寄出去。
②have sth.done(＝get sth.done )某事让别人去做
You must have your clothes washed tomorrow.
明天你必须把衣服洗了。
③have sb./sth.doing(＝get sb./sth.done )让某人或某物处于某种状态
I won’t have you speaking to your mother like that.
我不允许你和你的母亲那样谈话。
He has his visitors coming.　他来了访问者。

用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．It is silly of me ____________(annoy) with Jim because he is only a five?year?old child.
答案：to be annoyed
2．He was often seen ____________(play) basketball on the playground while at college.
答案：to play
3．I have never heard the song ____________(sing) in my school.
答案：sung
4．Women and children were the first ____________(get) into the lifeboats.
答案：to get
5．After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother ____________(call) him.
答案：calling
6．The road was blocked by a ____________(fall) tree.
答案：fallen
7．You’d better have your hair ____________(cut) today.
答案：cut
8．The king observed this foolish monkey and was greatly ____________(amuse)．
答案：amused
语法与写作
1. ________________________________(腿部受伤)made it impossible for him to walk his way home.
答案：Being injured in the leg
2．There is a growing tendency for people ____________________________(在家工作) instead of in offices.
答案：to work at home
3．Before driving into the city, you are required to ________________________________(洗干净你的车子)．
答案：get your car washed
4．He has arranged for a car ________________________________(去车站接他们)．
答案：to pick them up at the station
5．—Do you think you could get this parcel ____________________(为我邮寄), please?
—Consider it done!
答案：mailed for me

如何写电子邮件

文体感知
本单元的写作任务是写一封电子邮件。电子邮件是书信的一种格式，主要由称呼、正文和落款三部分构成。在正文中有以下几点需要注意：
1．邮件内容从问候语开始。要根据与收件人的关系密切程度来选择适当的称呼语。
2．表明写作意图。在邮件开头就要表明写作意图，这样才能更好地引出邮件的主要内容。
3．语言应简洁明了。电子邮件篇幅一般不太长，因此简洁明了的语言在表情达意中非常重要。
增分佳句
1．回复邮件开头常用句式：
(1)I am very glad to receive your letter.
(2)How happy I am when I know...
(3)Thanks for your letter，it’s my pleasure to do...
2．表达看法常用句式：
(1)As far as I am concerned...
(2)In my opinion，...
(3)As for me，...
(4)Personally，I prefer...
(5)My own point of view is that...
3．结尾常用句式：
(1)I look forward to hearing from you.
(2)I would also like to know if you can/could...
(3)I would be grateful if you could/would...
(4)I will appreciate it if you can...
写作模板
Dear________，
I am very glad to tell you the good news.
There will be a ________(内容) at/in________(地点)on________(时间)．We would be honoured to have you there with us.
The occasion will start at________(具体时间). This will be followed by a ________(进一步安排)．At around ________(时间), ________(另一个安排)．
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely，
×××

写作要求
假设你是晨光中学高二(1)班的班长李津， 得知美国学生Chris 作为交换生， 下学期将到你班学习。 请你根据以下提示， 给他写封邮件：
1．表示欢迎；
2．介绍与本地生活相关的信息(如气候、 饮食等)；
3．介绍本班情况；
4．希望Chris做哪些事情，以增进中美学生间的了解和友谊。
参考词汇：交换生　exchange student
审题谋篇
项目 结论
体裁 应用文
话题 提出邀请、提出建议
时态 一般现在时
人称 第一、二人称
词汇推敲
1．环境 ________________
答案：surroundings
2．与……分享…… ________________
答案：share...with...
3．此外；并且________________
答案：in addition
4．对某人有吸引力 ________________
答案：appeal to sb.
5．与……相处 ________________
答案：get along with
6．适应 ________________
答案：adapt to
遣词造句
1．完成句子
①有各式各样的特殊的点心。
There are ____________ special snacks.
②我认为这些点心会给你留下深刻的印象。
I think these snacks will________________________________________________．
③同学们都非常友好、善良。
The classmates _____________________________________________.
④你没有必要担心这些困难。
You don’t________________________ the difficulty.
⑤你和他们相处会有一些困难。
You will ____________________________________them.
答案：①a variety of 　②impress you deeply/leave a deep impression on you　③are very friendly and kind　④need to worry about　⑤have difficulty in getting along with
2．句式升级
⑥用定语从句连接①②句
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
⑦用并列连词连接③④句，并用定语从句连接④⑤句
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：⑥There are a variety of special snacks, which I think will impress you deeply/leave a deep impression on you.
⑦The classmates are very friendly and kind, so you don’t need to worry about the difficulty you will have getting along with them.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Chris，
I’m Li Jin, monitor of Class One, Grade Eleven. I am glad to hear that you, as an exchange student, will come to our class to study next term. I would like to share some information with you.
What I want to tell you first is the climate here. It is pleasant, cool in summer and warm in winter. What’s more, there are a variety of special snacks, which I think will impress you deeply. In addition, the scenery here will also appeal to you. Our class is like a big family. All the classmates are very friendly and kind, so you don’t need to worry about the difficulty you will have getting along with them.
In a word, you are welcome to our school. And I hope you can adapt to the new surroundings soon. You are also expected to tell us the culture about your country and help us improve our English.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Jin


A卷
单句语法填空
1. 　　　　　　(surround) by beautiful green mountains
and situated at the foot of Huangshan Mountain makes Tai Ping Lake a famous tourist attraction.
答案：Being surrounded
2．It’s no use 　　　　　　(complain) without taking action.
答案：complaining
3．—You look upset.What’s the matter？
—I had my proposal 　　　　　　(turn) down again.
答案：turned
4．Mr.Lin asked his students 　　　　　　(make) up a story about their journey to the Happy Celestial Body.
答案：to make
5．All things 　　　　　　(consider)，the planned trip will have to be called off.
答案：considered
6．There is a note pinned to the door 　　　　　　(say) when the shop will open again.
答案：saying
7．There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself 　　　　　　(hear).
答案：heard
8．The chairman thought it necessary 　　　　　　(invite) Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
答案：to invite
9．The mother died， 　　　　　　(leave) a lot of money for her children.
答案：leaving
10．Many buildings in the city need repairing， but the one 　　　　　　(repair) first is the library.
答案：to be repaired
阅读理解
Some people think asking for help is a sign of weakness， but the complete opposite is trueＷ. It takes strength to ask for help. It’s a hard thing to do. The truth is， there are more good people than bad. People truly want to help others. No one should ever have to be in that dark place.
I have a friend called Diane. Diane is one of the most positive people I have ever known. She is smart and funny， and by looking at her you would certainly think she had a perfect life. No one knew the terrible things she was dealing with. She never asked anyone for help when she was in great trouble. She thought that she would just be bothering(打搅) people if she told them the truth. She thought loneliness was her answer. She masked her loneliness， but one day she hit her breaking point.
Diane tried to take her life one morning. She was lucky， though. Someone found her before it was too late. People finally knew her problems and with their help she got rid of them. She once told me that her biggest regret was not reaching out to someone sooner. Diane has greatly changed. She’s become positive and is always ready to help others.
Diane and I have grown quite close. She has helped me battle my own problems. She is an example of what help looks like.
To anyone out there who feels they are alone， I hope you know you are not. Even if you feel the world is closing in on you， there are people who care—people who will surprise you in the best ways. The best thing about our technological world is how easily you can reach people. Don’t be afraid to ask for help. You are not alone.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过朋友的故事告诉我们：当我们需要帮助时，应该敢于向他人求助。
1．What does the author mean by saying “the complete opposite is true” in Paragraph 1？
A.Getting help from others is a great shame.
B.Asking for help shows great courage.
C.It takes bravery to offer help.
D.It is difficult to get help.
B　解析：句意理解题。根据第一段中的Some people think asking for help is a sign of weakness及 It takes strength to ask for help. It’s a hard thing to do.可知，作者是想表明：寻求帮助不是软弱的表现，相反，寻求帮助其实非常需要勇气。
2．Why did Diane refuse to ask for help at first？
A.She was very positive.
B.She had no one to turn to.
C.She considered help useless.
D.She feared to make trouble for others.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的She thought that she would just be bothering(打搅) people if she told them the truth.可知，Diane不向他人寻求帮助是因为她怕打扰别人。
3．What change did Diane show after being saved by people？
A.She turned her back on the author.
B.She masked her anger with a smile.
C.She thought highly of reaching out to others.
D.She has removed all her doubts about others.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的She once told me that her biggest regret was not reaching out to someone sooner...is always ready to help others.可推断，Diane现在认为向别人寻求帮助很重要。
4．What does the author think of our technological world today？
A.It makes people afraid of face?to?face conversation.
B.It makes communication between people easier.
C.It offers a variety of ways to care for others.
D.It is likely to make people feel lonely.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The best thing about our technological world is how easily you can reach people.可知，科技时代让人们更易接近彼此，促进了人们之间的交流。
完形填空
“I’d like you to be my best man(伴郎)，” said my brother.
Even though my brother and I had always got on well and rarely argued. I was still 　1　Ｗ. I was only just 18. I had only been to a few weddings in my life and I was already going to be a best man. I 　2　 immediately—it was more evidence that I was becoming an adult.
During dinner that evening my mother 　3　 me that best men were， of course， supposed to make 　4　Ｗ.　
“Supposed to or have to？” I asked， feeling my heart rate increasing a little.
“Well， have to，” she said.
　5　 I didn’t feel hungry any more.
There wasn’t any point in trying to 　6　 doing it. And of course when you’re young， you don’t tend to(倾向于) worry about things for long. I started making 　7　 to myself so I could do it later： after all， my brother and his fiancée(未婚妻) might end their relationship and the wedding would be 　8　Ｗ.　
A week before the wedding it was clear that my brother was 　9　 going to get married. I 　10　 a speech. Quickly.
I 　11　 wedding speeches in the place which seems to have the 　12　 to everything： the Internet. After a few minutes I found a website with 　13　 on making speeches. It suggested finding photos of the groom(新郎) when he was 　14　 and making use of them in the speech.
Perfect！ There were hundreds of 　15　 of my brother when he was young： my brother as a baby， my brother with his first “girlfriend”， etc.
When the moment 　16　 arrived， I can’t say I wasn’t nervous. Wedding speeches were made after a meal and I had hardly eaten anything. 　17　， within a few minutes of standing up to make my speech， I 　18　 to feel better about it. The photos were a huge 　19　 and everyone was praising me for such a fantastic 　20　Ｗ.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中讲述了自己第一次当伴郎的经历，并感受到自己已经长大成人。
1．A.proud　　　　　　　　　　 B.surprised
C.excited D.moved
B　解析：根据上文中的Even though和下一句I was only just 18可知，尽管作者和哥哥一直相处融洽并很少吵架，但当哥哥邀请他当伴郎时，作者还是很“吃惊的(surprised)”，毕竟他年仅18岁。
2．A.agreed B.refused
C.remembered D.accepted
D　解析：根据破折号后的it was more evidence that I was becoming an adult以及下文的故事内容可知，作者立刻“接受了(accepted)”哥哥的提议。
3．A.told B.supported
C.taught D.persuaded
A
4．A.wishes B.promises
C.speeches D.preparations
C　解析：根据下文中的“Supposed to or have to？” I asked和wedding speeches可知，晚饭时，妈妈“告诉(told)”作者伴郎需要“发言(make speeches)”。
5．A.Suddenly B.Frequently
C.Shortly D.Naturally
A　解析：根据上文中的feeling my heart rate increasing a little可知，当作者得知伴郎必须得发言时，“突然(Suddenly)”觉得不饿，吃不下饭。
6．A.imagine B.risk
C.practice D.avoid
D　解析：根据该空前的There wasn’t any point可知，婚礼上发言是不可“避免(avoid)”的。
7．A.mistakes B.excuses
C.explanations D.appointments
B　解析：下文中的my brother and his fiancée(未婚妻) might end their relationship是作者想推后发言的“借口(excuses)”。
8．A.discussed B.cancelled
C.prevented D.advanced
B　解析：根据该句中的my brother and his fiancée(未婚妻) might end their relationship可知，如果哥哥和他的未婚妻关系破裂，那么婚礼就会被“取消(cancelled)”。
9．A.gradually B.immediately
C.actually D.generally
C　解析：根据下文中的Quickly和作者开始准备发言内容可知，哥哥“真的(actually)”要结婚了。
10．A.needed B.wrote
C.made D.found
A　解析：根据整个故事的语境可知，作者此时急“需(needed)”一篇婚礼发言稿。
11．A.picked out B.paid for
C.laughed at D.searched for
D　解析：根据下文中的After a few minutes I found a website可知，作者在网上“搜索(searched for)”发言稿。
12．A.warnings B.answers
C.invitations D.secrets
B　解析：根据下文中的the Internet和常识可知，网络无所不能，有一切问题的“答案(answers)”。
13．A.reports B.lessons
C.tips D.congratulations
C　解析：根据下一句中的It suggested可知，作者找到一个提供演讲相关“建议(tips)”的网站。
14．A.happier B.stronger
C.cooler D.younger
D　解析：根据下文中的when he was young： my brother as a baby， my brother with his first “girlfriend”可知，该网站建议作者找一些新郎“较年轻时(younger)”的照片。
15．A.photos B.tricks
C.books D.gifts
A　解析：根据上文中的photos of the groom(新郎)可知，此处选photos。
16．A.normally B.finally
C.quickly D.probably
B　解析：根据下一句中的Wedding speeches were made after a meal可知，婚礼“最终(finally)”还是如约而至。
17．A.Instead B.Besides
C.However D.Anyway
C　解析：上文中的I can’t say I wasn’t nervous和I had hardly eaten anything与下文中的feel better about it之间为对比关系，故填However。
18．A.started B.hoped
C.continued D.chose
A　解析：根据上文中的within a few minutes可知，作者“开始(started)”渐入佳境。
19．A.challenge B.responsibility
C.difference D.success
D　解析：根据该空后的everyone was praising me可知，婚礼上的照片展示取得了巨大“成功(success)”。
20．A.memory B.idea
C.story D.suggestion
B　解析：此处指大家都称赞作者在婚礼上展示新郎照片的绝佳“主意(idea)”。
B卷
阅读理解
A
People tend to treat anger as something terrible and unacceptable. Many parents around the world teach their children to suppress(抑制) or ignore their anger. Intentionally or not， they show their children that feeling angry is wrong， and it is better to always look calm and balanced. However， that is not right. Anger plays an extremely important role in a person’s emotional health.
Anger can be effectively used to establish and defend your individual principle， personal space， sense of justice， beliefs， and so on. When another person somehow annoys you， one of the first emotions you normally experience is anger， along with the urge to fix an unpleasant situation or do something else to defend yourself. Generally， anger explains your readiness to face threat and gives you strength to do so. Therefore， when used with care， it is your best weapon(武器) for emergencies.
Anger can serve to cover some other emotions of yours if they are less appropriate. Sometimes， expressing fear is unacceptable， especially for men. For instance， masculinity and bravery are highly valued among men in some traditional cultures. So， covering fear with anger， acting aggressively remains a more appropriate choice for men. And this is an effective strategy， not just in terms of saving one’s reputation within a certain social group， but dealing with difficulties and overcoming barriers.
Anger is an extremely powerful emotion and it is not recommended to suppress or ignore it if it is not dangerous. A person who has been covering and hiding his or her anger cannot get rid of it， and the anger will still build up inside， finally resulting in violence as a response to a situation that does not require it. What you can do is express it in socially?acceptable ways in most circumstances.
Therefore， anger itself is not a bad thing. And it is important to learn how to manage anger， express it in a non?violent way， and redirect it in constructive directions. So， do not ignore your anger. You should face it， accept it， and learn how to deal with it.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。作者认为愤怒不是一件坏事，人们应该学会如何管理我们愤怒的情绪及如何温和地表达愤怒。
1．According to Paragraph 1， we know that 　　　　Ｗ.
A.children often ignore their anger
B.people usually misunderstand anger
C.anger indicates a person’s bad temper
D.parents always treat their children seriously
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，人们经常认为愤怒是不好的情绪，许多父母还教孩子要抑制愤怒的情绪，这其实是一种误解，愤怒对一个人的情绪健康是非常重要的。
2．Why can anger be your best weapon for emergencies？
A.It makes you look like a strong person.
B.It gives you strength to face difficulties.
C.It helps you get rid of outside interruption.
D.It is useful for fixing an unpleasant situation.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的Generally， anger explains your readiness to face threat and gives you strength to do so.可知，愤怒有时会给予你力量去面对困难。
3．What is the author’s advice about dealing with anger？
A.Present anger in a peaceful manner.
B.Cover anger if it is not appropriate.
C.Face and accept the anger of others bravely.
D.Do not fight against anger under any situation.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的express it in socially?acceptable ways in most circumstances以及最后一段的express it in a non?violent way可知，作者认为，我们应该以一种能接受的、非暴力的方式去表达愤怒。
4．What is the author’s attitude towards anger？
A.Indifferent.　　　　　　　　 B.Critical.
C.Supportive. D.Objective.
D　解析：观点态度题。根据全文内容尤其是when used with care及anger itself is not a bad thing等句子可知，作者对愤怒的情绪是持客观态度的。
B
Carmen Herrera： “Every painting has been a fight between the painting and me.I tend to win.But you know how many paintings I threw in the garbage？ I wouldn’t have anything were it not for my husband.He didn’t have a hand in anything？ But no， they say that behind every great man there is always a woman.Well， behind a great woman there is always a man.You need it， I was very luckyＷ.You don’t decide to be an artist； art gets inside of you.Before you know you are painting， you are so surprised.It’s like falling in love.”
Born in Cuba in 1915， Carmen Herrera lived in New York and Paris and eventually settled in New York where she lived till now.Through the years， she worked quietly and created a huge quantity of paintings.While living in New York in the 1950s， she made reductive， hard?edged abstractions that predate(早于) the works of artists such as Lygia Clark in Brazil and Ellsworth Kelly in the U.S.Her works also proved her foresight as Minimalism and Op Art took hold in the 1960s， and with later developments in the works of American painters such as Brice Marden Agnes Martin， both of whom are represented in the collection.
It wasn’t until 2004， at the age of 89， that Carmen Herrera sold her first painting； like many women artists of her generation， her works were overlooked despite her friendships and associations with great male artists like Barnett Newman.Now， however， the artist and her works are receiving much?deserved attention in and beyond the U.S.Herrera’s paintings have entered the collections of the Museum of Modern Art， the Hirshhorn Museum， and the Tate Modern； the Walker’s acquisition is special in that.
【解题导语】　本文主要阐述女艺术家Carmen凭借着对绘画的热情和执著， 默默无闻地作画， 最后成功的故事。
5．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage？
A.Carmen is addicted to drawing.
B.Carmen’s husband objects to her drawing.
C.It’s easy for Carmen to be famous.
D.Carmen sold her first picture at $1，000.
A　解析： 推理判断题。根据文中第一段最后两句“Before you know you are painting， you are so surprised.It’s like falling in love.”可知， Carmen非常喜欢绘画， 其余三项均与原文无关。
6．What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 1？
A.Carmen is successful finally.
B.Carmen has sold her first painting.
C.Carmen has a good husband supporting her.
D.Carmen thinks she has a gift for drawing.
C　解析： 句意理解题。根据第一段第四句 “I wouldn’t have anything were it not for my husband.要不是我的丈夫， 我会一无所有” 可知， 她有一个支持她的丈夫。
7．What is the key to Carmen’s success？
A.Kindness.　　　　　　 B.Love for family.
C.Passion. D.The museum’s help.
C　解析： 推理判断题。从第一段最后两句 “...you are so surprised.It’s like falling in love.” 可以看出她成功的关键因素是对绘画的热情， 犹如坠入爱河。
C
From the minute I met him I didn’t like Edward Dahlberg， or， maybe， I was nervous about meeting a man of letters， my introduction to the social world of American literature.
The evening Alberta and I came over， he sat in a deep armchair facing a semicircle of admirers. They asked his opinion about various writers. He waved his hand and， except for himself， dismissed everyone in the twentieth century： Hemingway wrote “baby talk”， Faulkner “sludge”， Joyce’s Ulysses was “a tiring walk through the waste of Dublin”.
R’lene introduced me. This is Frank McCourt from Ireland. He teaches high school English.
I put out my hand but he let it hang. “Oh， still a high school boy， are you？”
I didn’t know what to say. He laughed and said to R’lene， “Does our friend teach English to deaf mutes(聋哑人)？” In the Dahlberg world teaching was for women only.
I backed away to my chair， confused.
He wasn’t finished. He turned to me. “Does our high school boy read？ And what does he read？”
I searched my head for something I’d read recently， something distinguished(出众的) that might please him.
“I’m reading the autobiography of Sean O’Casey.”
“Quote me a line.”
My heart jumped and pounded. My mouth was dry. I could think of nothing from O’Casey that would match the grand passages Dahlberg quoted from the ancient masters. I mumbled(含糊地说)，“Well， I admire O’Casey for the natural way he writes about his life growing up in Dublin.”
He nodded toward me. If you admire so?called natural writing you can always look at the walls of a public toilet.
The admirers laughed. My face was hot and I said without thinking， “O’Casey fought his way out of the slums(贫民窟) of Dublin. He was half blind. He’s a... a... champion of the worker... He’s as good as you anytime. The whole world knows Sean O’Casey. Who ever heard of you？”
He shook his head for the benefit of his admirers and they shook their heads in agreement. He called to R’lene， “Tell your high school boy to leave my presence. He’s not welcome here though his charming wife is welcome to stay.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和知名作家Edward Dahlberg之间一次不愉快的见面。
8．What was Edward’s attitude towards the mentioned writers？
A.He looked down on them.
B.He considered them out of date.
C.He showed deep admiration for them.
D.He owed his literary achievement to them.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的He... dismissed everyone in the twentieth century以及对海明威、福克纳和乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》的否定可知，他对这些作家的评价不高，有点看不起他们。
9．What was Edward’s reaction to being introduced to the author？
A.He simply ignored the author.
B.He greeted the author politely.
C.He gave the author a cold welcome.
D.He questioned the author’s sincerity.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的I put out my hand but he let it hang.以及接下来Edward对作者的冷嘲热讽可知，他对作者的到来没有表示热烈欢迎，相反却很冷淡。
10．How did the author feel at the suggestion of quoting a line？
A.Confused. B.Uneasy.
C.Impatient. D.Dissatisfied.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的My heart jumped and pounded. My mouth was dry. I could think of nothing from O’Casey...以及I mumbled(含糊地说)可知，当Edward让作者引用一句Sean O’Casey的名言时，他感到不安。
11．How did the author face others’ laughter？
A.He fell completely silent.
B.He laughed back at them.
C.He escaped from the room.
D.He voiced his inner anger.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的My face was hot and I said without thinking， “O’Casey fought his way... Who ever heard of you？”可知，面对大家的嘲笑，作者一吐为快，将自己心中的不满发泄了出来。
语法填空
A couple had been married for over 60 years.They shared everything， talked about everything and kept no secrets 1.　　　　　　 each other except that the woman had a box in a drawer 2.　　　　　　 she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about.
He’d never thought about it ever since.One day the woman got very sick and the doctor， said she wouldn’t recover.To sort out their affairs， the husband 3.　　　　　(take) down the box and 4.　　　　　　(bring) it to his wife’s bedside.She agreed it was time that he should know 5.　　　　　　 was in the box.
6．　　　　　　(open) it， he found two small table mats and a sum of money totaling $ 25， 000.He asked her about the contents.“When we were to be married，” she said， “my grandma told me the secret of happy 7.　　　　　　(marry) was never to argue， and I should just keep quiet and make a mat 8.　　　　　　 I got angry with you.”
The man was so 9.　　　　　　(move) that he had to fight back tears.She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving！ “Honey，” he said， “that explains the mats， but what about the money？ Where did it come from？ ”
“Oh，” she said， “that’s the money I made from selling 10.　　　　　　(they).”
1．from　解析： keep...from阻止； 隐瞒。他们分享所有的事情， 互相不隐瞒秘密。
2．that/which　解析： 考查定语从句。 先行词是box， 在从句中作open和介词about的宾语， 故关系词用that/which。
3．took　解析：考查take的过去式took。
4．brought　解析： and连接并列谓语， 时态保持一致， 都用一般过去时。
5．what　解析： know是谓语， 谓语后面缺少宾语， 后面整个句子作know的宾语， 且宾语从句缺少主语， 用what。
6．Opening　解析： open和它的逻辑主语he是主谓关系， 用动词的?ing形式。
7．marriage　解析： 形容词happy修饰名词， marry的名词是marriage。
8．if/when　解析： 根据上下文 “当我和你吵架的时候， 我应该保持冷静， 做个垫子。 ”
9．moved　解析： so修饰形容词， moved感动的。
10．them　解析： 根据上文可知， 这里卖的东西是mats， 作selling的宾语， 故用they的宾格them。
书面表达
音乐是我们生活中不可缺少的一部分，听音乐好处多多，可以使我们放松，愉悦心情。有些同学甚至喜欢一边听音乐一边做作业，这样好吗？假设你是李华，你们就此展开了一项调查，以下是调查结果，请根据此结果给你的笔友Tim写一封邮件。内容须包括：
1．80%的同学认为边听音乐边做作业会打扰我们完成作业，因为当我们做作业的时候，音乐会干扰我们的注意力；
2．20%的同学认为边听音乐边做作业能够让我们放松，提高我们的效率；
3．询问对方的意见。
注意：1.词数 100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Dear Tim，
As we all know， music benefits us a lot. And some students even like listening to music while doing homework. Is it really good for us？ Recently， we have done a survey about it.
About 80% students think listening to music while doing homework will disturb us to finish homework， for it will distract our attentions. However， the rest hold that music can make us relaxed while doing homework， so that we can improve our efficiency. As for me， I am against listening to music while doing homework. What about you？ Please tell me your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua







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(共51张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing
本部分内容讲解结束
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语法精讲,专项突破
语法透斬·专题训练
写作指导吵笔生花
技法指导·佳作赏析
(共17张PPT)
Unit 1　Laughter is good for you
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Unit 1 Laughter is good for you

重点单词
1．stage n． 舞台； 阶段， 时期
2．tease vt. 取笑； 揶揄； 戏弄
(1)tease sb.about (doing) sth.
取笑某人(做)某事
(2)缠着某人强求某物(做某事):
tease sb.for sth.
tease sb.into doing sth.
tease sb.to do sth.
3. previous adj. 先前的， 以往的
4. strengthen vt.& vi. 增强； 巩固
【构词】　后缀?(e)n，动词， 使， 变得　常见词： widen加宽
lengthen加长
5．positive adj. 积极的； 正面的； 肯定的
6. guarantee vt.& n. 保证； 担保
guarantee to__do sth./that...
保证/担保做某事；
确保……
guarantee sb.sth. 保证某人某事
be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事
7. instruct vt. 教授， 传授； 指示， 命令；
告知
8. attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得； 得到；
达到
9. polish vt. 提高； 修改； 润色
10．crowded adj. 拥挤的
11．invisible adj. 看不见的； 无形的
12．behave vi.& vt. 表现
(1)behave well 表现得当
behave oneself 守规矩； 表现得体
(2)behavior n. 表现
13．performance n. 表现， 业绩； 表演， 演出
perform v. 表现； 表演； 履行； 运转
14．amuse vt. 逗笑， 逗乐； 提供(消遣),
(使)娱乐
(1)amuse oneself with．..以……自娱
(2)amusement n. 娱乐
(3)amused adj. 感到有趣的
keep sb.amused 使某人快乐
be amused at 被……逗乐， 以……为乐
(4)amusing adj. 有趣的， 引人发笑的
15．participate vi. 参加， 参与
participation n. 参加
participant n. 参与者
16．foolishness n. 愚蠢
foolish adj. 傻的
17. anger n. 怒， 怒火， 怒气
angry adj. 生气的
18. fitness n. 健壮， 健康； 适合
fit adj. 适合的； 健康的
重点短语
1. stand__up__for 支持， 维护
2. make__fun__of 拿……开玩笑； 取笑， 嘲弄
3. have__affection__for 喜爱， 钟爱
4. later__on 后来， 过些时候
5. come__up__with 想出； 拿出
6. make__up 组成； 编造； 化妆； 弥补
7. pass__away 去世， 亡故
8. take__on 接纳； 呈现
9. make__room__for 为……腾出地方
10. burst__in 闯进； 突然闯入
11. glare__at 对……怒目而视
12. hold__out 递出； 拿出； 伸出
重点句型
1．such与不定代词连用
One such person is Billy Crystal.
【仿写】　在我们的邻近没有这样的人。
There is no__such__man in our neighborhood.
2．One reason...is that...……的一个原因是……
One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking, and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.
【仿写】　中国植物物种如此丰富的一个原因是植物在那里可以更好地生长。
One reason why there are so many plants in China is__that they’ve survived there better.
3．whatever引导让步状语从句
Whatever the reason, research shows that in the end, the English saying, ‘Laughter is the best medicine’， may be true after all.
【仿写】　无论发生什么事， 我们将不会放弃工作。
We will never give up working, whatever__happens．
4．as if引导方式状语从句的省略
...moves over as if to make room for Tony.
【仿写】　他摇摇头好像要说不。
He shook his head as__if__to__say__no．
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文， 并背诵成文。
1．英语中有句谚语 “笑是最好的良药”。
2．它对我们的健康有着多种积极影响。(a variety of; positive)
3．它不仅能加强我们的心肺功能而且还能放松肌肉。(strengthen)
4．另外， 它还能让我们有快乐感甚至能减轻痛苦。(a sense of happiness)
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One possible version：
There is an old saying in English: “Laughter is the best medicine.” It has a variety of positive effect on our health.It can not only strengthen our heart and lungs but also relax our muscles.What’s more, it can make us feel a sense of happiness and even help us reduce pain.







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