现在完成时专题训练(2)
1.have/has been to ,到过某地现在回来了 have/has gone to ,去了某地在去的途中或者已经到了 have/has been in 在某地待了多久 的区别。 练习:?
A:?Where?____________?Li?Fei?___________??
B:?He?____________?to?Hainan?Island.?
A:?How?long?___________?he?___________?there??
B:?He?_____________?there?for?three?days.?
A:?When?will?he?come?back?,?do?you?know??
B:?I’m?afraid?he?won’t?come?back?recently.
A:?Could?you?tell?me?the?way?to?Hainan?Island??
B:?Sorry,?I?_________?never?___________?there.?
A:?How?many?times?___________?Li?Fei?__________?to?that?place??
B:?He?_____________?there?only?once.?
II.?用have/has?been?to/in,?have/has?gone?to及go的各种形式填空。?
1)?Where?is?Jack?? He?______? ______ to his?country.?
2)David?______?______ to the?park?just?now.?
3)?John?______?______ to England?since?he?came?back.?
4)?How?long?_____?you?_____?______ this?village??
5)?The?Smiths?______?______ ______ Beijing?for?years.?
6)?_____?you?ever?______ ______?America??????
?--?Yes,?I?_____?______there?many?times.?
7)?I?_____?______ ______this?school?since?three?years?ago.?
8)?Where?is?Jim?? He?_____?______ to the?farm.?
9)?When_____?he?_____ there ?? He?_______?there an?hour?ago.?
10)?Would?you?like?to?_____?to the?zoo?with?me????
---Yes,?but?I?_____?______ there?before.?
11)?Where?_____?you?_____?now??
---?I?____?______ ______the?zoo.?
12)?He?often?_____?swimming.?
13)?_____?you?______?there?last?year??
14)?_____?they?often?______?skating?in?winter?
2.完成时的肯定句当中短暂性动词变成延续性动词。
1.用法。表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态。可以和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括现在)的一段时间的壮语连用。特别是for+一段时间。A.since+必须是过去的某一时间点。B. since+过去式的句子。C. since+时间+ age.但是短暂性动词不能够用于延续性的时间壮语中(肯定)必须用相应的延续性动词。
A.buy - have catch(get) a cold - have a cold. borrow - keep
come/go /become/ - be put on - wear
B.转换成be+名词 join the party – be a party member
join the army – be a solider go to school – be a student
C.转成be+形或副词 die – be dead finish – be over begin – be on get out /be out
leave – be away. fall asleep – be asleep close – be closed get up – be up
D.转换成be+介词短语 go to school – be in school join the army – be in the army.
说明:终止性动词可用于否定句。 I haven’t borrowed books for two weeks .
My dog has been dead for three days. My dog has been dead since three days ago.
It’s three days since my dog died. My dog died three days ago.
2.短暂性转换延续性?
①arrive?at/in?sw. ?get?to/reach?sw.? come/go/move?to?sw.?
→be?in?sw./ be at?school/ be at?home/ be on?the?farm/ be?here/ be?there?
1)?He?got?to?Beijing?five?minutes?ago.?
He?________?_________?_________?Beijing?for?_________?_________.?
2)?I?moved?to?the?USA?last?year.?
I?________?________?__________?the?USA?since?__________?__________.?
3)?I?went?home?yesterday.?
I?_______?________?_________?home?for?_________?__________.?
4)They?came?here?last?week.?
They?_________?_________?here?since?_________?__________.?
②come/go?back,?return?→?be?back?? ? come/go?out?→?be?out?
1)?He?came?out?two?years?ago.?
He?_________?__________?_________?for?__________?__________.?
2)?We?returned?to?Fuzhou?yesterday.?
We?________?________?_________?to?Fuzhou?since?__________.?
③become?→?be?
1)?I?became?a?teacher?in?2000.?
I?________??__________?a?teacher?for?_________?_________.?
2)?The?river?became?dirty?last?year.?
The?river?_________?_________?dirty?for?_________?__________.?
④close?→?be?closed? ?open?→?be?open?
1)?The?shop?closed?two?hours?ago.?
The?shop?________?_________?_________?for?_______?________?
2)?The?door?opened?at?six?in?the?morning.?
The?door?________?________?________?for?six?hours.?
⑤get?up?→?be?up? ?die?→?be?dead?? leave?sw.?→?be?away?from?sw.?
?fall?asleep/get?to?sleep?→?be?asleep finish/end?→?be?over? marry?→?be?married
1)?I?got?up?two?hours?ago.?
I?________?________?________?since?________? ________.?
2)?He?left?Fuzhou?just?now.?
He?_______?________?________?_________?Fuzhou?for?five?minutes.?
3)?My?grandpa?died?in?2002.?
My?grandpa?_______?_______?________for?_______?________.?
4)?The?meeting?finished?at?six.? The?meeting?________?______?______?for?six?hours.?
5)I?got?to?sleep?two?hours?ago.?
I?________?_________?_________?since?_________? __________.?
6)?They?married?in?1990.?
They?________?_________?__________since?_________.?
⑥start/begin?to?do?sth.?→?do?sth.?? begin?→?be?on?
1)?I?began?to?teach?at?this?school?in?1995.?
I? at?this?school?since? .?
2)?The?film?began?two?minutes?ago.?
The?film? ?for? .?
⑦borrow?→?keep????lose?→?not?have?? buy?→?have???? put?on?→?wear ??
catch/get?a?cold?→?have?a?cold? get?to?know?→?know?
1)?They?borrowed?it?last?week.?
They?_________?_________?it?since?__________?__________.?
2)I?bought?a?pen?two?hours?ago.?
I?_________?_________?a?pen?for?________?__________.?
3)I?got?to?know?him?last?year.?
I?_________?__________?him?since?__________?__________.?
4)I?put?on?my?glasses?three?years?ago.?
I?__________?__________?my?glasses?for?_________?_________.?
⑧have/has?gone?to?→?have?been?in?
He?has?gone?to?Beijing.?
He? ??Beijing?for?two?days.?
⑨join?the?league/the?Party/the?army???→?be?a?league/ be a?Party?member/ be a?soldier?
→?be?a?member?of?the?league/ be?a?member?of the?Party?
→?be?in?the?league/ be?in?the?Party/ be?in? the?army?
1)?He?joined?the?league?in?2002.?
He?________?_________?a?_________?_________?for?two?years.?
He?________?__________?a?__________?___________?the?__________?for?two?years.?
He?____________?___________?___________?the?league?for?two?years.?
2)My?brother?joined?the?army?two?years?ago.?
My?brother?__________?__________?a?___________?for?___________?___________.?
My?brother?___________?___________?in?____________?___________?for?two?years
2.英语动词的现在完成时态是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成的。规则动词的过去分词和它的进去式相同,即在原形后加ed(d).已学近80个不规则动词的过去分词约有半数也和它的过去式相同,现在分类如下,利于记忆:
1.原形中的元音字母有变化:get got got sit sat sat win won won shine shone shone find
found found hold held held meet met met stand stood stood understand undestood
2.原形中的辅音字母有变化:make made made have had had build built built lend lent lent spend spent spent
3.在原形后加t或d: learn learnt learnt mean meant meant lose lost lost
hear heard heard pay paid paid say said said
4.原形中的元音字母和辅音字母都有变化:
1.feel felt felt smell smelt smelt spell spelt spelt keep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept leave left left sell sold sold tell told told
2.catch caught caught teach taught taught buy bought bought bring brought brought think thought thought
5.与原形相同: hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let put put put read read
还有些不规则动词的过去分词与过去式不相同,为便于记忆,也分类如下:
1.原形中的元音字母有变化: ring rang rung sing sang sung drink drank drunk
swim swam swum begin began begun
2.在原形上加en: eat ate eaten fall fell fallen ride rode ridden
write wrote written be was / were been
3.在过去式上加en: forget forgot forgotten
4.在原形上加n: see saw seen give gave given drive drove driven take took taken
mistake mistook mistaken draw drew drawn blow blew blown grow grew grown
know knew known show showed shown throw threw thrown
5.在过去式上加n: break broke broken choose chose chosen speak spoke spoken wake woke woken
6.与原形相同:come came come run ran run
7.原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同:do did done go went gone fly flew flownlie lay lain
注1:情态动词只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词:
can could may might must must will would shall should
注2:个别动词有两个过去式和两个过去分词,一个为规则变化,另一个为不规则变化:
learn learned/learned learnt/learnt shine shined/shined shone/shone
smell smelled/smelled smelt/smelt wake waked/waked woke/woken
spell spelled/spelled spelt/spelt
一.用 since 和 for 填空1.since后面接过去的某一具体时间点,2.“since+过去的时间点”表示从这一时间点到现在的一段时间。3.过去式的句子 1.for直接一段时间。
?1) ______ two years?? ?2) _______ last month?? 3) _______ yesterday ??4) _______ an hour ago
5) ______ she left here ?6) _______ 4 o’clock 7) _____ lunch time ? 8) ______ 1999 ???
?9) ______ 4 hours???? ? 10)_______ two years ago
11. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.
12. I’ve known him __________ we were children.
13. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.
14. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.
15. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
二. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空
1.?I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2.?Jack has _________ finished his homework ________ an hour ago.
3.?Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4.?“Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5.?“Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
三. 用适当的时态填空:
1.She ______ ______ (live) here ever since she was ten.
2.Both of them ______ ______ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.
3.Both of them ______ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
4. Half an hour ______ ______ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).
5. Mary_____ ______ (lose) her pen. _______ you _______ (see) it here and there?
6. ______ you (find) your watch yet?
7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No, I _______just _______ (have) some orange.
8. We _______already _______ (return) the book.
9. ______ they ______ (build) a new school in the village?
10. I _______ ______ (not finish) my homework . Can you help me?
11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice.
12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.
13. My father _______ ______ (read) this book since yesterday.
?四.句型转换:
1. He has already gone home.He _________ __________ home ____________. (否定句)
____________ he __________ home ___________? (疑问句)
2. He has lunch at home. He __________ _____________ lunch at home. (否定句)
____________ he __________ lunch at home? (疑问句)
3. He has been there twice.
________ _________ ________ _________ he been there? (划线提问)
4. I have lunch at school. __________ __________ you ____________ lunch. (划线提问)
选择填空:
( ?) 1. Her father ______in1990 and her husband ______for more than five years.
(A) died ,dead ???(B) has died, dead (C). died ,has been dead ??(D) .has died, has died
( ?) 2. I have _____this nice watch for two years. ?
?(A) .had ? ?? ?(B). bought ? ???(C) .borrowed ??? (D). lend
( ?) 3.He _____his home for ten years.
(A).has left ?????? ??(B).left from (C).has been away from???(D).was away from
( ?) 4.He _____a league member for three years
(A).is ?? ? ?(B).has been ?? ?(C).has become ? (D).have become
( ?) 5.Lihua's brother has _______for two years
?(A).joined the army ?????(B).become a soldier ?(C).been an army ???(D).been in the army
( ? ) 6.He hasn't _____Quanzhou since he left school
(A).left ??????? (B).been away ?? ?? (C).been ?? ?? (D).away
( ?) 7. ——Have you finished your homework ——Yes, I _______ it last night
(A).?finish ?? ?(B).finished?? (C).have finished? (D).will finish
( )8.—— ______you ever ______to Nanjing ——Yes, I ______there last year.
(A).?Have…gone, have gone (B).Did…go, went
? (C).Have…been , went (D).Did…go, has , been )
( ?) 9.——When _______you ______Lucy in New York? ——I _______her for two years
(A).did…meet, haven't seen?? ?(B).did…meet, don't see? (C). have…met, ?haven't seen
( ?)10.He ______finished his homework yet .
( A). didn’t??? (B).haven’t?? ?(C) .hasn’t?? ?(D) .doesn’t have ?
( ?)11.——Have you ________traveled on the banch? ——Yes, I have.
(A).just ?? ?(B).yet ??? (C).never ?? ?(D).ever
( ?)12..——Have you finished your homework ——Not_______
(A).ever ?? (B).already .?? ?(C).yet ? ??(D).just .
( ?)13.?We haven't finished our homework_____.
(A) already?? ?(B)ever ? ?(C).yet?? ?(D).never
( ? )14.——Have you_______ learned English? ——Yes, I've ________learned a lot.
(A).never, ever? ???(B).ever, never?? ?(C).ever, already ???(D).already. ever
( ?) 15.——Have you finished your homework ________? ——Yes, I've _____done that.
(A)?.yet, already?? ?(B)already, yet?? (C)ever, never?? ?(D)still, just
(? )16.John's father _______borrowed some pictures
(A ) has just ? (B)have ever ? (C)has yet ?(D)have already
( ?)17.My mother has worked in this factory _____2 years.
A.about B.for C.in D.since
( ?)18. His father joined the party_________
???? A.since three years ago?? ?B.in two years' time C.for three years?????? D.three years ago
( ?)19. The students have cleaned the classroom , ________?
A. so they?? ?B. don’t they?? ?C. have they? ? D. haven’t they
( ?)20.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we ________ here for three years.
A. have been to ??? B. have been in ?C. have been ? ???D. have gone
( ?)21.- How long ______you_______ your dictionary?- About two months.
???? A. did; buy? ?B. have; get?? ?C. have; had ??D. have; bought
( ?)22. He tells me he________ China for over five years
. A. has been???? ?B. has been in ??C. has been to??? ?D. has gone to China
( ?)23.________has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to Nanjing?
????? A. How soon , comes B. How often, got? C. How long , came D. How far, arrived
( ?)24. His uncle________ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here??? ?B. has started to work ?C. has lived there ???D. has left the university
( ?) 25. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been
( ?) 26. Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been
( ?) 27. It _____ ten years since he left the army .
A. is B. has C. will D. was
( ?) 28. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began
( ?) 29. -How long have you ____ here ? -About two months .
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
( ? ) 30. -Do you know him well ? - Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
( ?) 31. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
( )32. -______ you ___ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished
C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish
( ?) 33. -These farmers have been to the United States .-Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone
?( ?)34. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
?( ?)35. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
( ?)36. -Our country ______ a lot so far . -Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better
( ?)37. Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying
( ?)38. Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .
A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
( ?)39. The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written
(? )40. Have you met Mr Li ______?
A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago