提到查尔斯·理查德·德鲁这个名字，人们知之甚少。他发明了保存血浆的方法，为世界的医学发展做出了巨大的贡献。他被誉为“血库之父”。
Dr. Charles Richard Drew, Father of the Blood Bank
Charles Richard Drew was a famous African-American doctor and scientist. His work on blood banks helped save thousands of lives during World War Ⅱ.
Charles Richard Drew was born in 1904 in Washington, D．C. His main interest was in sports when he was young. He won many medals for swimming. Later, he focused his attention on track, basketball, and football. During college, Charles became interested in medicine. He attended medical school at McGill University in Canada. In 1933, he received his Doctor of Medicine degree.
As a doctor and researcher, Charles was absorbed in research on blood transfusions(输血). Through his study, he found that blood plasma(血浆) could be successfully used instead of whole blood. He wrote up
the results which were published(发表) in a report. During World War Ⅱ， Charles worked with the British. He helped them develop the blood bank. He organized the collection of blood plasma from different hospitals. The life-saving plasma saved many wounded people in the war. He also helped the American Red Cross develop a blood bank. Around this time, Charles became known as the “father of the blood bank”．
Charles’ life was cut short by a car accident in 1950. However, his legacy(遗产) is still alive and well today. Charles’ name appears on a great number of schools and organizations across the country. In 1981, his photo appeared in the United States Postal Service’s Great Americans stamp series. At Amherst, a beautiful brick house is named in memory of his outstanding achievements. The American Red Cross’ Charles Drew Institute in Biomedical Services is also named after him.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
重点单词
阅读词汇
(在不认识的单词前划√)
□internal adj. □recycle v． □fountain n． □foundation n． □insight n． □perseverance n.
写作词汇
1.shortage n. 短缺，不足，缺乏
2.fund v. 为……提供资金，资助
3.earn v. 挣(钱)
重点单词
拓展词汇
4.contribution n．贡献→contribute v．贡献
5.relief n．减轻，缓解→relieve vt.使减轻；使解除(痛苦、忧愁等)
6.effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果
7.donate v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐献；捐赠→donor n．捐献者；赠送人
8.reality n．真实，现实→real adj.真的→really adv.真正地；实际上
重点短语
1.under control 受支配；受控制
2.look across 眺望
3.earn/make money 挣钱
4.give up 放弃
5.be determined to do sth. 下决心做某事
6.persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
7.turn out 出席
8.make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用
9.break into 突然……起来
10.set up 建立
11.benefit from 从……中获益
12.make one’s dream a reality 使某人梦想成真
重点句型
1.keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语：Knowing that the kids now have money for school is what keeps me going(使我继续这样做) and gives me more energy.
2.have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难：As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words(很难相信这些话) spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.
3.It cost (sb.)＋钱数＋to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多少钱：..., he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well(修建一口水井实际上要花2 000美元).
4.“介词＋which”引导定语从句：After several months, Ryan had raised the $2，000, with which(用这些钱) a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.
5.not...but...不是……而是……：Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”，but “How can I help today？”(不是“为什么我不能帮助？”，而是“今天我能帮上什么忙？”).
Read the text on Pages 14－15 and match the main idea of the paragraphs.
1．Paragraph 1 A．Ryan was inspired and decided to help.
2．Paragraph 2 B．Ryan got help and realized his dream at last.
3．Paragraph 3 C．Ryan got more support and helped more people.
4．Paragraph 4 D．Ryan visited the well in Uganda he donated.
5．Paragraph 5 E．The kind attitude changed Ryan’s whole life.
6．Paragraph 6 F．Ryan’s first try ended up in failure.
答案：1－6.AFBDCE
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Ryan helped dig a well for people in Uganda.
B．Ryan raised enough money to dig a well at home.
C．Ryan tried his best to make his dream come true.
D．Ryan made a big difference to the world.
2．What inspired the Canadian boy to help?
A．The dirty water he found in Uganda.
B．What he learned from his teacher.
C．The drinking fountain in his school.
D．The ten-kilometer distance from his school.
3．What do we know about the boy’s effort?
A．His first target was achieved and he did help others.
B．He didn’t give up and collected enough money by himself.
C．He made his own story known to the public on line.
D．His effort paid off and he went to see the well in person in Uganda.
4．Which of the following can be used to describe Ryan?
A．Helpful and determined.
B．Joyful and warm-hearted.
C．Hard-working and grateful.
D．Delighted and generous.
答案：1－4.DBDA
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.
本句为主从复合句。其中spoken by his teacher为过去分词短语作定语，修饰the words。many people in developing...water为that引导的同位语从句，用来解释说明words的内容。
[翻译] 作为一名6岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信老师所说的话：在非洲的发展中国家许多人没有足够的干净水喝。
2．He soon reached his first target of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well.
本句为并列句。第二个分句为主从复合句，其中when he gave the money to a charity为时间状语从句，that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well为宾语从句。
[翻译] 他很快就实现了第一个目标——70美元，但当他把钱捐给慈善机构时，却被告知修建一口水井实际上要花2 000美元。
contribution n. 贡献
(教材P13)the contribution these people made to society
这些人对社会做出的贡献
(1)make a contribution to... 对……做出贡献
(2)contribute vt.& vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助；有助于；投稿
contribute...to... 把……贡献给……
contribute to... 导致……；向……投稿；有助于……
①He has made great contributions to the space development program.
他对太空发展计划做出了巨大贡献。
②It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum to the charity.
她很大方，向慈善机构捐助了这么一大笔钱。
③Eating too much fat can contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(湖北卷)把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。
Doing small things well contributes to building up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.
relief n．减轻，缓解
(教材P13)The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried, is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed.
病人在仔细清洗和擦干皮肤后所感受到的轻松和舒适程度，是在病床上最常见的现象之一。
(1)much to one’s relief 令某人宽慰的是
with/in relief 宽慰地
give sb.relief 减轻某人的痛苦
(2)relieve vt. 减轻(痛苦，焦虑)
①The doctor said it was only a slight wound. What a relief!
医生说只是轻伤，谢天谢地！
②Hearing that he passed the exam，he sighed in/with relief. 听说自己通过了考试，他松了口气。
③To her relief(relieve), her younger brother recovered quickly after operation.
让她感到欣慰的是，她弟弟手术后恢复得很快。
④Anxiety may be relieved(relieve) by talking to a close friend.
和亲密的朋友交谈可以减轻焦虑。
earn v．挣(钱)
(教材P14)At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.
起初，他的计划是挣钱在非洲某地建一口井。
earn money/an income/a fortune 挣钱/收入/大钱
earn a scholarship 获得奖学金
earn a/one’s living 谋生
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish.
我爷爷说他们去年夏天靠卖鱼挣了不少钱。
②In China, a great many parents leave their children at home in order to earn their living．
在中国，许多父母为了谋生而把孩子留在家中。
③For the most part, students work to earn money for their own use.
大多数情况下，学生打工赚钱是为了自己用。
give up 放弃
(教材P15)Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up.
两千美元是一大笔钱，但瑞安没有放弃。
give in 投降；屈服；让步
give away 赠送；泄露
give off 发出，放出(气味、热、光等)
give out 放出；公布，宣布；用完；分发
①He was so crazy about computer games that he gave up his studies.
他如此迷恋电子游戏，以至于放弃了学业。
②If you give up smoking(smoke), you will save a lot of money every year.
如果你戒烟的话，你每年将节省很多钱。
[巧学活用]——用give的相关短语完成句子
(1)The argument went on for hours because neither side would give in．
(2)They stood there, giving out the leaflets(传单) to the passers-by.
(3)Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t give off waste gas.
turn out 出席，参加；证明是，结果是；生产，制造
(教材P15)He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.
他还看到数百名高兴的学生前来欢迎他。
turn on/off 打开/关掉
turn down 关小；拒绝
turn in 上交
turn up 出现；到场；调高(音量等)
turn to 转向；求助于
①The National Day military parade of 2019 turned out a great success.
2019年国庆阅兵举办得很成功。
②The factory turns out 900 electric cars a week.
这家工厂一周生产九百辆电动汽车。
[巧学活用]——用turn的相关短语完成句子
(1)It’s already 7：30 p．m., but Tony hasn’t turned up at Tom’s party.
(2)I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down．
(3)She turned in the wallet she picked up on the way.
(4)Please turn to your teacher for help when you have trouble in learning English.
make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用
(教材P15)He really had made a difference for these children.
他真的给这些孩子带来了改变。
(1)make no/some difference (to sb./sth.) (对某人/物)没有/有些作用或影响
(2)tell the difference (between A and B) 辨别；区分(A和B)
①Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.
只有我们言行一致的时候，才能把我们想做的任何事做得不同凡响。
②What you have said will make no difference to the naughty boy.
你所说的不会对这个淘气的男孩起什么作用的。
③The twins are so alike; it’s difficult to tell the difference between them.
这对双胞胎太相像了，很难把他们区分开。
[巧学活用]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviour will work.
(高级表达)I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviour will make a difference．
break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
(教材P15)He broke into a joyful smile.
他突然开心地笑了起来。
break down 出故障；垮掉
break up 拆散；分裂；分解；结束
break in 强行进入；插嘴
break out 爆发；突然发生
break through 突破
①They broke into the house and took everything valuable.
他们闯入房子，拿走了一切值钱的东西。
②Don’t break into their conversation; they are discussing something important.
不要打断他们的谈话，他们正在讨论重要的事情。
③Please don’t break in when others are talking.
在别人说话时请不要插话。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)(朗文辞典)这栋楼里的电梯总出故障。
The elevators in this building are always breaking down．
(2)(江苏卷)——听到苏和保罗分手了，我很吃惊。
—I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up．
——我也是。上次看到他们时，他们看起来还相处得很愉快呢。
—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
break in和break into都有“闯入”的意思。break in为不及物动词短语，后不跟宾语；break into为及物动词短语，后可以跟宾语。
reality n．真实，现实
(教材P15)This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. 这种顿悟源于一个六岁男孩的坚定态度，他有勇气和毅力实现自己的梦想。
(1)in reality 实际上
turn sth. into a reality 使某事成为现实
(2)real adj. 真实的
really adv. 实际上，真正地
①What you see now is not imagination, but reality.
你现在所看到的不是想象，而是现实。
②His dream of becoming an athlete to take part in the Olympics has become a reality(real)．
他成为一名参加奥运会的运动员的梦想已成为现实。
③I haven’t got much sleep this past week, and I feel really(real) tired.
上周我没怎么睡觉，感觉非常疲倦。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)考试时他看上去自信且冷静，事实上他非常地紧张。
He looked very confident and calm during the test, but in reality he was extremely nervous.
(2)年轻时我们应该努力工作把“中国梦”变为现实。
We ought to work hard to turn Chinese dream into a reality when we are young.
not...but...不是……而是……
(教材P15)Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”， but “How can I help today？”． 现在，作为一个成年人，瑞安说要问的问题不是“我为什么不帮忙？”而是“我今天能帮上什么忙吗？”。
句中not...but...意为“不是……而是……”，在句中连接两个并列成分。
(1)not...but...连接的两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”，即要与邻近的主语保持一致。
(2)与not...but...用法类似，同样遵循“就近原则”的结构还有：
neither...nor... 既不……也不……
not only...but (also)... 不但……而且……
either...or... 或者……或者……
①Not you but I am to blame for the mistake.
不是你而是我该为此错误承担责任。
②Either you or I am(be) going there tomorrow.
明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。
③Not only the students but also their teacher is(be) enjoying the film now.
不但学生们在欣赏这部影片，而且他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。
[巧学活用]——句式升级
(普通表达)Henry won’t see a film tonight. His friend Helen won’t, either.
(高级表达)Neither Henry nor his friend Helen will see a film tonight.(neither...nor...)
品句填词
1．Marie Curie made great contributions(贡献) to the development of science, but money and reputation made no sense to her.
2．It was a great relief(宽慰) for him to find nothing had been stolen.
3．A man has to work hard in society to earn(挣) money and get honour for his family.
4．In my opinion, the dream of having an ideal robot will become a reality(现实) one day.
5．(福建卷)People around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage(短缺)．
6．Mr.Kelly posted his resignation letter to Mr.Jones in the internal(内部的) mail box.
7．(江西卷)I used to try effective(有效的) methods to achieve my academic goals.
8．A sale is being held to raise funds(资金) for the school.
9．(北京卷)Many people have donated(捐献) that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs more.
10．The project would give scientists new insights(深刻见解) into what is happening to the earth’s atmosphere.
完成句子
1．我做这件事不是因为我喜欢做，而是因为我不得不做。
I did it not because I like it but because I have to do it．
2．我相信我们每个人都能为社会做出贡献。
I believe that everyone of us can contribute to/make contributions to the development of society.
3．现在他不依赖父母，可以自己谋生了。
Now he is independent of his parents and can earn his living for himself.
4．幸运的是，老师觉察到我的问题并告诉我小事情也能起到重要作用。
Luckily my teacher sensed my problem, telling me that every small thing can make a big difference．
5．那男孩试图说服他父亲戒烟戒酒。
The boy tried to persuade his father to give up smoking and drinking．
课文语法填空
When Ryan was still 1.a schoolboy in Canada, he wanted to make a 2.difference(different) for the world. After learning the news of freshwater 3.shortage(short) in African countries, he made his plan 4.to earn(earn) money to build a well. He cleaned windows 5.and did gardening for others and finally got enough money with the help of people around him. In Uganda he saw the well and many 6.delighted(delight) students. 7.Later(late), his experience led him 8.to set(set) up a foundation to help more people. 9.What Ryan did really inspire more people to make their dreams a 10.reality(real)．
单句语法填空
1．Either you or the headmaster is(be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.
2．The old man is respected by the people because he has made great contributions(contribute) to the country.
3．To his parents’ relief(relieve), he made quick adaptation to the new environment.
4．All my friends disagreed with my smoking and often tried to persuade me to give it up．
5．Sometimes things don’t turn out_ the way we think they’re going to.
6．Thieves broke in_ and stole computer equipments worth ￡900 while we were away on holiday.
7．We should face the reality(real) bravely that we don’t have enough money for the project.
8．It is abnormal for Mr.Lee to donate(donate) some money to the poor children, because he is a selfish man.
9．Washing hands often is one of the effective(effect) ways to avoid being infected by diseases.
10．I really benefit a lot from my reading habit. Reading makes me a wise man and also helps me with my English studies.
完成句子
1．不是他而是你不得不去参加明天的会议。
Not he but you have to attend tomorrow’s meeting.
2．他儿子的心脏手术成功了，他欣慰地笑了。
The operation on his son’s heart succeeded, and he smiled with relief．
3．他在会议上拒绝了我的建议，这使我很失望。
He turned down my suggestion at the meeting，which disappointed me.
4．警察发现房子被人闯入了，许多珠宝也被偷了。
The policeman found that the house had been broken into and a quantity of jewellery had been stolen.
5．我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。
I am sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity.
阅读理解
A
Two billion children in the developing world can’t receive good education—the key to human development. However, technology offers an answer which allows the poor in developing countries to learn. It is a tool which holds the ability to change the lives of the poor, as it provides a means of learning and communicating.
Educational programs must break away from old systems. New companies such as One Laptop(笔记本电脑) Per Child(OLPC), an organization founded by MIT Professor Nicholas Negroponte have been active in solving the world’s education problem.
The Internet has changed the world, allowing educational services to help with the global fight against poverty. Khan Academy is one such service. Like OLPC, it is an organization founded by Harvard Business School graduate Salman Khan with the task of “providing a world-class education to anyone, anywhere”. The education offered includes a large number of math-related topics.
The GMAT Pill Review is another company that trains MBA candidates(应考人) worldwide to prepare for the GMAT exam on both the Quant and Verbal section. Founded by Stanford graduate Zeke Lee, the company offers services which are priced at about 75% less than other similar programs. It allows students from developing countries who might not be able to afford similar courses to have access to these services.
Whether paid or free these services provide educational opportunities to those who would never have had the chance in the past. As a result of the technology revolution(革新), business schools may see more students from different corners of the world. Because of the Internet, people in developing nations have access to better and more affordable educational opportunities. More and more people will try to improve their lives through educational opportunities outside of their homeland—an idea usually uncommon in developing countries.
【解题导语】 在发展中国家，众多儿童不能得到优质的教育资源，世界上众多组织试图改变这种现状。
1.According to the text, technology can ________．
A．improve people’s reading ability
B．solve the problems facing the whole world
C．help the poor to reduce poverty
D．cause poverty in developing countries
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的It is a tool which holds the ability to change the lives of the poor, as it provides a means of learning and communicating.可知， 由于科技提供学习和交流的方法，所以它是能够改变穷人命运的工具。
2.We can learn from the text that Khan Academy aims to ________．
A．help the poor pay for good courses
B．provide every child with a computer
C．help train MBA candidates
D．make everyone receive a good education
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二、三句可知， 该组织的目的是使每一个人都得到世界一流的教育。
3．Which of the following about GMAT Pill Review is TRUE?
A．It only accepts students from developing countries.
B．It was started by Professor Nicholas Negroponte.
C．It charges students about 25 percent of other similar programs.
D．The education includes a lot of math-related topics.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，GMAT Pill Review在全世界范围内招生，故A项错误；由第四段第二句可知，它由Zeke Lee创办，学费比其他同样的学校便宜75%，因此B项错误，C项正确；D选项是叙述Khan Academy的，因此错误。
4.In the past, people in developing countries ________．
A．had no educational opportunities in their homeland
B．seldom thought of receiving foreign education to change themselves
C．always believed education was of great importance
D．wouldn’t leave their homeland to reduce poverty
B 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知，现在越来越多的人通过本国之外的教育机会来改善他们的生活，这一点在过去的发展中国家是不常见的。由此可以推断出，过去发展中国家的人们很少想到通过接受国外的教育来改变自己的命运。
B
You already know a number of things that can reduce your chances of getting various types of cancer. Avoiding tobacco(烟草) products is an important thing, but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer? Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it.
A new study published in the International Journal of Cancer discovers some very interesting connection between people’s time for dinner and their overall risks of developing certain types of cancers, including breast and prostate cancer, which are among the largest killers of women and men.
“Modern life involves mistimed sleeping and eating patterns that are connected with poor health effects in experimental studies，” the researchers explain. “We assessed(评估) whether the time for meals is connected with breast and prostate cancer risks, in consideration of the lifestyle and chronotype(生物钟)．”
The research mainly focuses on how long a person eats their last meal of the day before bedtime. People who eat before 9 pm or eat at least a couple of hours before hitting the sack have lower risks of developing cancers. The scientists assess that these people enjoy a 20% drop in cancer risks when compared to those who eat dinner after 10 pm or eat right before climbing into bed.
The researchers followed the habits of thousands of people and tracked their nighttime eating habits and whether they developed cancer over the long term or not. The numbers seem to reflect that it is beneficial to have dinner earlier if you hope to avoid some of the more common types of cancer, but the researchers still don’t know exactly why that’s true. At the moment, they believe circadian rhythm, which is the patterns of daily activity and sleep that humans have established over hundreds of thousands of years, is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how at present.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了早点吃晚饭可以降低得癌症的概率。
5．Why are tobacco products mentioned in paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To make comparisons.
C．To advertise some products.
D．To show the harm of smoking.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的... but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer? Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it. 可知，第一段中提到烟草是为了引入本文的主题。
6．What does the underlined part “hitting the sack” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Getting up.
B．Going to bed.
C．Drinking some soup.
D．Taking some medicine.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的The research mainly focuses on how long a person eats their last meal of the day before bedtime. 及... eat right before climbing into bed可知，画线部分意为“去睡觉”。
7．We can infer that the researchers ________．
A．need further work to improve the study
B．have confirmed the effects of circadian rhythm
C．lack long-term and reliable research evidences
D．have found the real causes of some types of cancer
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的The numbers seem to reflect that it is beneficial...humans have established over hundreds of thousands of years, is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how at present.可知，研究者们需要继续工作，进一步完善这个研究。
8．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Early to Bed, Early to Rise
B．Nothing Is More Important than Health
C．Healthy Diet Makes You Suffer Less from Cancer
D．Eating Dinner Earlier Can Lower Your Risk of Cancer
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了一个研究的结果：早点吃晚饭可以降低得癌症的概率。故可知答案。
完形填空
It is well known that as Christmas is coming，there are so many things to do.Besides buying presents，sending cards，and cleaning rooms，parents are still 1 with difficult jobs of hiding presents from curious young children.If the gifts are large，this is sometimes a real 2 .On Christmas Eve，young children are torn between the wish to go to bed early so that Father Christmas will bring their presents quickly and the wish to stay up late so that they will not 3 the fun.The wish for gifts usually proves 4 ．But though children go to bed early，they often lie 5 for a long time，hoping to get a short look at Father Christmas.
Last Christmas，my wife and I 6 hid a few large presents in the storeroom.I 7 the moment when my son，Jimmy，would ask me where the new bike had come from，but 8 he did not see it.
On Christmas Eve，it took the children hours to go to sleep.It must have been nearly 9 when my wife and I went quietly into their room and began 10 stockings.Then I took out the 11 from the storeroom and left it beside the Christmas tree.We knew we would not get much sleep that night，for the children were 12 to get up early.At about five o’clock the next morning，we were woken by loud sounds coming from the children’s 13 —they were shouting excitedly！Before I had time to get out of bed，young Jimmy came 14 into our room on his new bike，and his sister，Mary，arrived.She dragged a large balloon behind her.Suddenly it burst.That woke us up 15 ．The day had really begun with a bang!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一对夫妇怎样偷偷给孩子们准备圣诞节礼物的经历。准备礼物时夫妇两人小心翼翼，拿到礼物的孩子们满心欢喜，这个过程给全家带来了无限的快乐。
1．A.faced B．confused
C．filled D．pleased
A 解析：根据空格后的“difficult jobs of”可知，此处应为“面临”之意，be faced with意为“面临”，符合语境。故选A项。confuse意为“使困惑，使混乱”；fill意为“填充”；please意为“使高兴”，均与语境不符。
2．A.mistake B．idea
C．problem D．business
C 解析：根据上文“with difficult jobs of hiding presents”可知，想把大个的礼物藏起来有时真的是一件难事。problem意为“难题”，符合语境。故选C项。mistake意为“错误”；idea意为“主意”；business意为“商业”，均与语境不符。
3．A.enjoy B．break
C．miss D．leave
C 解析：平安夜孩子们会想要熬夜，不想错过圣诞老人送礼物时给他们带来的喜悦。miss意为“错过”，符合语境。故选C项。enjoy意为“享受……的乐趣”；break意为“打破”；leave意为“离开”，均与语境不符。
4．A.faster B．stronger
C．weaker D．harder
B 解析：根据上文可知，孩子们想得到礼物的愿望是更强烈的。strong意为“强烈的”，符合语境。故选B项。fast意为“快速的”；weak意为“虚弱的”；hard意为“困难的，硬的”，均与语境不符。
5．A.awake B．unconscious
C．asleep D．tired
A 解析：尽管孩子们早早上床，因为想看到圣诞老人，所以会长时间睡不着。awake意为“醒着的”，符合语境。故选A项。unconscious意为“无意识的”；asleep意为“睡着的”；tired意为“疲劳的”，均与语境不符。
6．A.hopefully B．generally
C．rudely D．secretly
D 解析：根据空格后的“hid”和下文可知，父母要假扮圣诞老人送给孩子们礼物自然是不想让他们事先知道，所以，secretly意为“秘密地”，符合语境。故选D项。hopefully意为“满怀希望地”；generally意为“通常”；rudely意为“粗鲁地”，均与语境不符。
7．A.liked B．feared
C．surprised D．hated
B 解析：上文提到大的礼物难藏，所以作者把自行车放在储藏室，最担心的是被孩子们发现，而不是喜欢。fear意为“害怕，担心”，符合语境。故选B项。like意为“喜欢”；surprise意为“使惊讶”；hate意为“厌恶”，均不符合语境。
8．A.sadly B．particularly
C．rarely D．fortunately
D 解析：根据空格后的“he did not see it”以及这次给孩子们的惊喜可知，fortunately意为“幸运地”，符合语境。故选D项。sadly意为“悲伤地”；particularly意为“特别地”；rarely意为“很少地”，均与语境不符。
9．A.morning B．midnight
C．evening D．daybreak
B 解析：根据第三段第四句中的“We knew we would not get much sleep”以及第五句中的“At about five o’clock the next morning”可知，此处指午夜。故选B项。其他三个选项均不符合语境。
10．A.filling B．sending
C．mending D．buying
A 解析：根据文化常识可知，圣诞老人总是把礼物塞进孩子们的袜子里，所以此处应填fill，意为“装满，填满”。故选A项。send意为“发送”；mend意为“修理”；buy意为“买”，均与语境不符。
11．A.light B．stocking
C．bike D．tree
C 解析：根据上文第二段中的“ask me where the new bike had come from”及下文中的“Jimmy came______ into our room on his new bike”可知，“我”从仓库里拿出来的是为Jimmy买的自行车。故选C项。
12．A.unwilling B．sure
C．glad D．annoyed
B 解析：作为父母，他们非常了解孩子们期望得到礼物的心情，故此处是说孩子们肯定会起得很早。sure意为“必定的，确信的”，符合语境。故选B项。unwilling意为“不愿意的”；glad意为“高兴的”；annoyed意为“恼怒的”，均与语境不符。
13．A.toys B．computer
C．room D．carriage
C 解析：孩子们早上起床看到礼物时兴奋的声音自然是从他们自己的房间发出来的。故选C项。
14．A.driving B．riding
C．running D．walking
B 解析：根据本句中的“on his new bike”可知，Jimmy是骑着自行车进来的。ride意为“骑”，符合语境。故选B项。drive意为“驾驶”；run意为“跑”；walk意为“步行”，均与语境不符。
15．A.frequently B．especially
C．happily D．completely
D 解析：作者和妻子刚睡不久就被孩子们吵醒，这时气球被玩爆了，一声巨响让他们彻底醒来。completely意为“完全地”，符合语境。故选D项。frequently意为“频繁地”；especially意为“尤其，特别”；happily意为“快乐地”，均与语境不符。
课件51张PPT。Unit 2 Making a differenceUnit 2 Making a differenceUnit 2 Making a differenceUnit 2 Making a differenceUnit 2 Making a differenceUnit 2 Making a differenceshortagefundearncontributionreliefeffectivedonaterealityunder controllook acrossearn/make moneygive upbe determined to do sth.persuade sb. to do sth.turn outmake a differencebreak intoset upbenefit frommake one’s dream a realitykeeps me goinghad trouble believing the wordsit actually cost $2，000 to build a wellwith whichnot “Why don’t I help？”，but “Howcan I help today？”过去分the words同位语词短语时间状语宾语tocontribute tocontributes to building upin/withreliefbe relievedearn their livingearn moneysmokinggive ingiving outgive offoutturned upturndownturned inturn tomake no difference totell the differencebetweenmake a differenceintoinbreaking downhave broken uprealityreallyin realityturn Chinese dream into a realityamisNeither Henry nor his friend Helen按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
品句填词
1．Marie Curie made great contributions(贡献) to the development of science, but money and reputation made no sense to her.
2．It was a great relief(宽慰) for him to find nothing had been stolen.
3．A man has to work hard in society to earn(挣) money and get honour for his family.
4．In my opinion, the dream of having an ideal robot will become a reality(现实) one day.
5．(福建卷)People around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage(短缺)．
6．Mr.Kelly posted his resignation letter to Mr.Jones in the internal(内部的) mail box.
7．(江西卷)I used to try effective(有效的) methods to achieve my academic goals.
8．A sale is being held to raise funds(资金) for the school.
9．(北京卷)Many people have donated(捐献) that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs more.
10．The project would give scientists new insights(深刻见解) into what is happening to the earth’s atmosphere.
完成句子
1．我做这件事不是因为我喜欢做，而是因为我不得不做。
I did it not because I like it but because I have to do it．
2．我相信我们每个人都能为社会做出贡献。
I believe that everyone of us can contribute to/make contributions to the development of society.
3．现在他不依赖父母，可以自己谋生了。
Now he is independent of his parents and can earn his living for himself.
4．幸运的是，老师觉察到我的问题并告诉我小事情也能起到重要作用。
Luckily my teacher sensed my problem, telling me that every small thing can make a big difference．
5．那男孩试图说服他父亲戒烟戒酒。
The boy tried to persuade his father to give up smoking and drinking．
课文语法填空
When Ryan was still 1.a schoolboy in Canada, he wanted to make a 2.difference(different) for the world. After learning the news of freshwater 3.shortage(short) in African countries, he made his plan 4.to earn(earn) money to build a well. He cleaned windows 5.and did gardening for others and finally got enough money with the help of people around him. In Uganda he saw the well and many 6.delighted(delight) students. 7.Later(late), his experience led him 8.to set(set) up a foundation to help more people. 9.What Ryan did really inspire more people to make their dreams a 10.reality(real)．
单句语法填空
1．Either you or the headmaster is(be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.
2．The old man is respected by the people because he has made great contributions(contribute) to the country.
3．To his parents’ relief(relieve), he made quick adaptation to the new environment.
4．All my friends disagreed with my smoking and often tried to persuade me to give it up．
5．Sometimes things don’t turn out_ the way we think they’re going to.
6．Thieves broke in_ and stole computer equipments worth ￡900 while we were away on holiday.
7．We should face the reality(real) bravely that we don’t have enough money for the project.
8．It is abnormal for Mr.Lee to donate(donate) some money to the poor children, because he is a selfish man.
9．Washing hands often is one of the effective(effect) ways to avoid being infected by diseases.
10．I really benefit a lot from my reading habit. Reading makes me a wise man and also helps me with my English studies.
完成句子
1．不是他而是你不得不去参加明天的会议。
Not he but you have to attend tomorrow’s meeting.
2．他儿子的心脏手术成功了，他欣慰地笑了。
The operation on his son’s heart succeeded, and he smiled with relief．
3．他在会议上拒绝了我的建议，这使我很失望。
He turned down my suggestion at the meeting，which disappointed me.
4．警察发现房子被人闯入了，许多珠宝也被偷了。
The policeman found that the house had been broken into and a quantity of jewellery had been stolen.
5．我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。
I am sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity.
阅读理解
A
Two billion children in the developing world can’t receive good education—the key to human development. However, technology offers an answer which allows the poor in developing countries to learn. It is a tool which holds the ability to change the lives of the poor, as it provides a means of learning and communicating.
Educational programs must break away from old systems. New companies such as One Laptop(笔记本电脑) Per Child(OLPC), an organization founded by MIT Professor Nicholas Negroponte have been active in solving the world’s education problem.
The Internet has changed the world, allowing educational services to help with the global fight against poverty. Khan Academy is one such service. Like OLPC, it is an organization founded by Harvard Business School graduate Salman Khan with the task of “providing a world-class education to anyone, anywhere”. The education offered includes a large number of math-related topics.
The GMAT Pill Review is another company that trains MBA candidates(应考人) worldwide to prepare for the GMAT exam on both the Quant and Verbal section. Founded by Stanford graduate Zeke Lee, the company offers services which are priced at about 75% less than other similar programs. It allows students from developing countries who might not be able to afford similar courses to have access to these services.
Whether paid or free these services provide educational opportunities to those who would never have had the chance in the past. As a result of the technology revolution(革新), business schools may see more students from different corners of the world. Because of the Internet, people in developing nations have access to better and more affordable educational opportunities. More and more people will try to improve their lives through educational opportunities outside of their homeland—an idea usually uncommon in developing countries.
【解题导语】 在发展中国家，众多儿童不能得到优质的教育资源，世界上众多组织试图改变这种现状。
1.According to the text, technology can ________．
A．improve people’s reading ability
B．solve the problems facing the whole world
C．help the poor to reduce poverty
D．cause poverty in developing countries
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的It is a tool which holds the ability to change the lives of the poor, as it provides a means of learning and communicating.可知， 由于科技提供学习和交流的方法，所以它是能够改变穷人命运的工具。
2.We can learn from the text that Khan Academy aims to ________．
A．help the poor pay for good courses
B．provide every child with a computer
C．help train MBA candidates
D．make everyone receive a good education
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二、三句可知， 该组织的目的是使每一个人都得到世界一流的教育。
3．Which of the following about GMAT Pill Review is TRUE?
A．It only accepts students from developing countries.
B．It was started by Professor Nicholas Negroponte.
C．It charges students about 25 percent of other similar programs.
D．The education includes a lot of math-related topics.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，GMAT Pill Review在全世界范围内招生，故A项错误；由第四段第二句可知，它由Zeke Lee创办，学费比其他同样的学校便宜75%，因此B项错误，C项正确；D选项是叙述Khan Academy的，因此错误。
4.In the past, people in developing countries ________．
A．had no educational opportunities in their homeland
B．seldom thought of receiving foreign education to change themselves
C．always believed education was of great importance
D．wouldn’t leave their homeland to reduce poverty
B 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知，现在越来越多的人通过本国之外的教育机会来改善他们的生活，这一点在过去的发展中国家是不常见的。由此可以推断出，过去发展中国家的人们很少想到通过接受国外的教育来改变自己的命运。
B
You already know a number of things that can reduce your chances of getting various types of cancer. Avoiding tobacco(烟草) products is an important thing, but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer? Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it.
A new study published in the International Journal of Cancer discovers some very interesting connection between people’s time for dinner and their overall risks of developing certain types of cancers, including breast and prostate cancer, which are among the largest killers of women and men.
“Modern life involves mistimed sleeping and eating patterns that are connected with poor health effects in experimental studies，” the researchers explain. “We assessed(评估) whether the time for meals is connected with breast and prostate cancer risks, in consideration of the lifestyle and chronotype(生物钟)．”
The research mainly focuses on how long a person eats their last meal of the day before bedtime. People who eat before 9 pm or eat at least a couple of hours before hitting the sack have lower risks of developing cancers. The scientists assess that these people enjoy a 20% drop in cancer risks when compared to those who eat dinner after 10 pm or eat right before climbing into bed.
The researchers followed the habits of thousands of people and tracked their nighttime eating habits and whether they developed cancer over the long term or not. The numbers seem to reflect that it is beneficial to have dinner earlier if you hope to avoid some of the more common types of cancer, but the researchers still don’t know exactly why that’s true. At the moment, they believe circadian rhythm, which is the patterns of daily activity and sleep that humans have established over hundreds of thousands of years, is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how at present.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了早点吃晚饭可以降低得癌症的概率。
5．Why are tobacco products mentioned in paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic. B．To make comparisons.
C．To advertise some products. D．To show the harm of smoking.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的... but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer? Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it. 可知，第一段中提到烟草是为了引入本文的主题。
6．What does the underlined part “hitting the sack” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Getting up.
B．Going to bed.
C．Drinking some soup.
D．Taking some medicine.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的The research mainly focuses on how long a person eats their last meal of the day before bedtime. 及... eat right before climbing into bed可知，画线部分意为“去睡觉”。
7．We can infer that the researchers ________．
A．need further work to improve the study
B．have confirmed the effects of circadian rhythm
C．lack long-term and reliable research evidences
D．have found the real causes of some types of cancer
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的The numbers seem to reflect that it is beneficial...humans have established over hundreds of thousands of years, is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how at present.可知，研究者们需要继续工作，进一步完善这个研究。
8．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Early to Bed, Early to Rise
B．Nothing Is More Important than Health
C．Healthy Diet Makes You Suffer Less from Cancer
D．Eating Dinner Earlier Can Lower Your Risk of Cancer
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了一个研究的结果：早点吃晚饭可以降低得癌症的概率。故可知答案。
完形填空
It is well known that as Christmas is coming，there are so many things to do.Besides buying presents，sending cards，and cleaning rooms，parents are still 1 with difficult jobs of hiding presents from curious young children.If the gifts are large，this is sometimes a real 2 .On Christmas Eve，young children are torn between the wish to go to bed early so that Father Christmas will bring their presents quickly and the wish to stay up late so that they will not 3 the fun.The wish for gifts usually proves 4 ．But though children go to bed early，they often lie 5 for a long time，hoping to get a short look at Father Christmas.
Last Christmas，my wife and I 6 hid a few large presents in the storeroom.I 7 the moment when my son，Jimmy，would ask me where the new bike had come from，but 8 he did not see it.
On Christmas Eve，it took the children hours to go to sleep.It must have been nearly 9 when my wife and I went quietly into their room and began 10 stockings.Then I took out the 11 from the storeroom and left it beside the Christmas tree.We knew we would not get much sleep that night，for the children were 12 to get up early.At about five o’clock the next morning，we were woken by loud sounds coming from the children’s 13 —they were shouting excitedly！Before I had time to get out of bed，young Jimmy came 14 into our room on his new bike，and his sister，Mary，arrived.She dragged a large balloon behind her.Suddenly it burst.That woke us up 15 ．The day had really begun with a bang!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一对夫妇怎样偷偷给孩子们准备圣诞节礼物的经历。准备礼物时夫妇两人小心翼翼，拿到礼物的孩子们满心欢喜，这个过程给全家带来了无限的快乐。
1．A.faced B．confused
C．filled D．pleased
A 解析：根据空格后的“difficult jobs of”可知，此处应为“面临”之意，be faced with意为“面临”，符合语境。故选A项。confuse意为“使困惑，使混乱”；fill意为“填充”；please意为“使高兴”，均与语境不符。
2．A.mistake B．idea
C．problem D．business
C 解析：根据上文“with difficult jobs of hiding presents”可知，想把大个的礼物藏起来有时真的是一件难事。problem意为“难题”，符合语境。故选C项。mistake意为“错误”；idea意为“主意”；business意为“商业”，均与语境不符。
3．A.enjoy B．break
C．miss D．leave
C 解析：平安夜孩子们会想要熬夜，不想错过圣诞老人送礼物时给他们带来的喜悦。miss意为“错过”，符合语境。故选C项。enjoy意为“享受……的乐趣”；break意为“打破”；leave意为“离开”，均与语境不符。
4．A.faster B．stronger
C．weaker D．harder
B 解析：根据上文可知，孩子们想得到礼物的愿望是更强烈的。strong意为“强烈的”，符合语境。故选B项。fast意为“快速的”；weak意为“虚弱的”；hard意为“困难的，硬的”，均与语境不符。
5．A.awake B．unconscious
C．asleep D．tired
A 解析：尽管孩子们早早上床，因为想看到圣诞老人，所以会长时间睡不着。awake意为“醒着的”，符合语境。故选A项。unconscious意为“无意识的”；asleep意为“睡着的”；tired意为“疲劳的”，均与语境不符。
6．A.hopefully B．generally
C．rudely D．secretly
D 解析：根据空格后的“hid”和下文可知，父母要假扮圣诞老人送给孩子们礼物自然是不想让他们事先知道，所以，secretly意为“秘密地”，符合语境。故选D项。hopefully意为“满怀希望地”；generally意为“通常”；rudely意为“粗鲁地”，均与语境不符。
7．A.liked B．feared
C．surprised D．hated
B 解析：上文提到大的礼物难藏，所以作者把自行车放在储藏室，最担心的是被孩子们发现，而不是喜欢。fear意为“害怕，担心”，符合语境。故选B项。like意为“喜欢”；surprise意为“使惊讶”；hate意为“厌恶”，均不符合语境。
8．A.sadly B．particularly
C．rarely D．fortunately
D 解析：根据空格后的“he did not see it”以及这次给孩子们的惊喜可知，fortunately意为“幸运地”，符合语境。故选D项。sadly意为“悲伤地”；particularly意为“特别地”；rarely意为“很少地”，均与语境不符。
9．A.morning B．midnight
C．evening D．daybreak
B 解析：根据第三段第四句中的“We knew we would not get much sleep”以及第五句中的“At about five o’clock the next morning”可知，此处指午夜。故选B项。其他三个选项均不符合语境。
10．A.filling B．sending
C．mending D．buying
A 解析：根据文化常识可知，圣诞老人总是把礼物塞进孩子们的袜子里，所以此处应填fill，意为“装满，填满”。故选A项。send意为“发送”；mend意为“修理”；buy意为“买”，均与语境不符。
11．A.light B．stocking
C．bike D．tree
C 解析：根据上文第二段中的“ask me where the new bike had come from”及下文中的“Jimmy came______ into our room on his new bike”可知，“我”从仓库里拿出来的是为Jimmy买的自行车。故选C项。
12．A.unwilling B．sure
C．glad D．annoyed
B 解析：作为父母，他们非常了解孩子们期望得到礼物的心情，故此处是说孩子们肯定会起得很早。sure意为“必定的，确信的”，符合语境。故选B项。unwilling意为“不愿意的”；glad意为“高兴的”；annoyed意为“恼怒的”，均与语境不符。
13．A.toys B．computer
C．room D．carriage
C 解析：孩子们早上起床看到礼物时兴奋的声音自然是从他们自己的房间发出来的。故选C项。
14．A.driving B．riding
C．running D．walking
B 解析：根据本句中的“on his new bike”可知，Jimmy是骑着自行车进来的。ride意为“骑”，符合语境。故选B项。drive意为“驾驶”；run意为“跑”；walk意为“步行”，均与语境不符。
15．A.frequently B．especially
C．happily D．completely
D 解析：作者和妻子刚睡不久就被孩子们吵醒，这时气球被玩爆了，一声巨响让他们彻底醒来。completely意为“完全地”，符合语境。故选D项。frequently意为“频繁地”；especially意为“尤其，特别”；happily意为“快乐地”，均与语境不符。
Section Ⅱ Integrating skills & Developing ideas
重点单词
阅读词汇
(在不认识的单词前划√)
□territory n． □sensitive adj. □cancer n． □royal adj. □institution n． □registration n. □temporary adj. □military n. □drug n. □certificate n. □ministry n.
写作词汇
1.mission n. 职责；使命
2.disease n. 疾病，病
3.generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的
4.aid v. 帮助，援助
5.chief adj. 最高级别的，首席的
6.obtain v. 获得，得到
7.further adj. 更多的，附加的
拓展词汇
8.extend v．持续；延伸→extension n．延伸；扩大
9.disability n．残疾，残障→disabled adj.伤残的
10.hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n．犹豫；踌躇
11.assistance n．帮助，援助→assist vt.帮助；协助；援助→assistant n．助手；助理；售货员
12.confirmation n．证实，证明→confirm vt.证实；肯定；确定
13.achievement n．成绩，成就→achieve vt.完成；达到
14.major adj.重要的，主要的→majority n．大部分，大多数
15.treatment n．治疗；疗法→treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待
重点短语
1.be confident about 对……有把握；确信
2.come up with 想出；提出
3.a sense of humour 幽默感
4.cheer up 振作起来
5.come across_ 偶然遇到
6.raise money 筹钱
7.in danger 在危险中
8.keep records of 把……记录下来
9. serve as 担任
10.for the most part 在大多数情况下
11.take in 收留，收容
12.at one point 一度，在某一刻
13.the majority of... 大多数……
14.rise to one’s feet 站起身来
15.bring...to public attention 让公众注意到……
16.pass away 去世
重点句型
1.疑问词＋to do：He always knows how to make wise decisions(如何做出明智的决定).
2.on ＋doing一……就……：On leaving school(一离开学校), Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
3.as引导非限制性定语从句：As the Chinese saying goes(中国古语有云), “A kind-hearted person lives a long life.”
Read the text on Pages 20－21 and choose the best answer.
1．How could we describe Nicholas Winton?
A．A great man who saved others from death.
B．A brave man who once served in the army.
C．A respectable man who received various honors.
D．All of the above.
2．What made Nicholas Winton so great and respectable?
A．Rescuing people in danger.
B．Working as a business man.
C．The British TV programme.
D．Being born as a Jewish man.
3．What do we know about the Nicholas Winton’s great behavior?
A．As a German Jewish he was always helpful.
B．What he saw in Prague inspired him to do that.
C．His friend asked him to help people escape.
D．The British government paid all the cost.
4．Why was his great behavior kept for so long?
A．Because his wife didn’t find the secret before.
B．Because no TV station invited him to share.
C．Because he didn’t mention his actions.
D．Because the children he saved forgot him.
答案：1－4.DABC
hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫
(教材P18)She’s usually very shy, but she’s generous and never hesitates to help.
她通常很害羞，但她很大方，在帮助别人时她从不犹豫。
(1)hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/over (doing) sth. 对(做)某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 踌躇；犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
①She hesitated about/over the choice between the two dresses.
她对到底选这两件连衣裙中的哪一件而犹豫不决。
②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Don’t hesitate to ask(ask) me if you have any questions.
如果你有任何问题，随时问我。
③When I know he was in need of help, I gave him a hand without hesitation(hesitate)．
当我知道他需要帮助时，我毫不犹豫地给予他帮助。
keep a record of 把……记录下来
(教材P20)He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them.
他建立了一个办公室来记录这些孩子们，然后回到英国为他们寻找临时住所。
(1)set a record 创造纪录
hold a record 保持纪录
break a record 打破纪录
(2)it is recorded that... 据记载……
①Please keep a record of the telephone numbers of your new friends.
请将你新朋友们的电话号码记下来。
②The young man set a new record at the sports meeting.
那位年轻人在运动会上创造了一项新纪录。
③He did very well, but he failed to break the record．
他做得很好，但是没能打破纪录。
④It is recorded that there have been lots of earthquakes in this area since 2018.
据记载，这个地区自2018年以来发生过许多次地震。
take in 收留，收容；欺骗，使上当；理解，领会；摄入，吸收
(教材P21)The journal contained photographs and names of the children and addresses of the families that took them in. 日记里有孩子们的照片和名字，以及收留他们的家庭的住址。
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take over 接收；接管；取代
take up 占去；占据；开始从事
①He didn’t take in what he read because his mind was on something else.
他没有理解他读的内容，因为他不在焉。
②Congratulations! You have been taken on by our boss. You will take up the job you like. 祝贺！你已经被我们老板雇用了。你将从事你喜欢的工作。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中take in的含义
(1)This is the total cost of the holiday, taking everything in.包括
(2)Generally speaking, the old and the children are more easily taken in.欺骗
(3)If you can’t take in the meaning of the word, you can refer to your dictionary.理解
(4)I managed to rent a big enough house to take in homeless people.收留
rise to one’s feet 站起身来
(教材P21)A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
当大多数人站起来时，温顿震惊地看着。
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
jump to one’s feet 跳起
set foot on/in 进入；踏入；涉足于
stand on one’s own feet 自立；独立自主
①At the end of the celebration, we all rose to our feet, cheering wildly.
庆典结束时，我们都站了起来，热烈地欢呼。
②Hearing the good news, he jumped to his feet with great joy.
听到这个好消息，他高兴地跳了起来。
③Though he was badly wounded, he struggled to his feet and went on running.
虽然他伤得很重，但他挣扎着站起来继续跑。
[巧学活用]——词汇升级
(普通表达)No sooner had the question been put forward than Tom stood up to answer it.
(高级表达)No sooner had the question been put forward than Tom rose to his feet to answer it.
major adj.重要的，主要的 vi.主修，专攻 n．主修科目
(教材P23)Major Achievements and Awards
主要成就和奖项
(1)major in 主修，专攻
(2)majority n. 大部分，大多数；半数以上
the majority of... 大多数……
①The major problem at present is how to overcome all the difficulties. 目前的主要问题是如何克服所有的困难。
②The student, majoring(major) in economics at college, made a comment on the matter.
那个大学主修经济学的学生对此事做了评论。
③The majority(major) of working women are in low-paid jobs. 大部分职业女性处于低薪的岗位。
“the majority of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。the majority作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。
[巧学活用]——词汇升级
说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
(普通表达)When it comes to education, most people believe that it is a lifetime study.
(高级表达)When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that it is a lifetime study.
疑问词＋to do
(教材P18)He always knows how to make wise decisions.
他总是知道如何做出明智的决定。
句中how to make为“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作know的宾语。
(1)“疑问词＋to do”结构还可在句中作主语、表语、同位语等。接不定式的疑问词有who，which，what，when，where，how，whether等。
(2)能接“疑问词＋to do”的动词(短语)有decide，know，consider，forget，learn，remember，show，find out，understand，see，wonder，hear，explain，tell等。
①Please show me how to operate the machine.
请教我如何操作这台机器。(宾语)
②Where to hold the meeting is not known yet to all of us.
在哪里开会我们都还不知道。(主语)
③The question is where to find the answer to the question．
问题是在哪里找到问题的答案。(表语)
④She had no idea how to help the old man．
她不知道该如何去帮助那位老人。(同位语)
(1)该结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式；
(2)该结构中的不定式常用一般式，且常用主动形式表示被动含义。
品句填词
1．You might want to consider temporary(临时的) work until you decide what you want to do.
2．The travelers decided to extend(延长) their visit to see more about the beautiful country.
3．His mission(职责) was to help young people in his local community.
4．We really expect children to be able to recover from the disease(疾病)．
5．My teeth are very sensitive(敏感的) to cold food.
6．It was generous(感慨的) of you to share your food with me.
7．With the assistance/aid(帮助) of his teacher, he got an opportunity to learn English in Britain.
8．He works as a chief(主要的) editor in China Daily.
9．You need to obtain(获得) the permission from our teacher if you want to leave the school.
10．Then came the good news that scientists have made a great breakthrough in the treatment(治疗) of cancer.
完成句子
1．如果有其他我可以为你做的，请毫不犹豫地跟我联系。
If there is something else I can do for you, please don’t hesitate to contact me．
2．在奥运会上，有些运动员打破世界纪录，有的创造新纪录，有的保持原有纪录。
At the Olympic Games, some athletes broke the world record, some set a new record, and others held the former record.
3．你知道怎样去车站吗？
Do you know how to get to the station?
4．虽然他受伤严重，但是他还是慢慢地站了起来。
Though he was badly hurt, he slowly rose/got to his feet．
5．大多数人认为吸烟有害健康。
The majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health.
单句语法填空
1．She helped me with my math without hesitation(hesitate) when she knew I failed the math test.
2．When travelling in Beijing, keep a record of what interests you most.
3．It’s good to stand on the top of the hill and take in a breath of fresh air.
4．As the last long distance runner comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race，the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer.
5．The majority(major) were in favor of the suggestion that we should go there by high-speed train.
6．He didn’t know whether to laugh(laugh) or to cry when he heard the words.
7．Cheer up! I’m firmly convinced that you will get over the illness and pick up soon.
8．He is in danger of losing his job because of an unexpected incident.
9．They felt a sense of achievement(achieve) because their children all behaved well.
10．I have learned the students living in rural areas in China need a great deal of educational assistance(assist)．
完成句子
1．她用谎话把我完全蒙蔽了。
She took me in completely with her story.
2．既然你已经长大了，你必须学会自立。
Now that you’ve grown up, you must learn to stand on your own feet．
3．汤姆不知道应该先读哪本书。
Tom had no idea which book to read first.
4．他已想出一个解决这个问题的好办法。
He has come up with a good way to settle the problem.
5．(江苏卷)他去年因癌症不幸去世。
He unfortunately passed away last year due to his cancer.
阅读理解
A
Last July, my 12-year-old car died on California’s Santa Ana Freeway. It was an hour before sunset, and I was 25 miles from home. I couldn’t reach anyone to pick me up, so I decided to take a bus. Not knowing the routes, I figured I’d just head east. A bus pulled up, and I asked the driver how far she was going. “Four more lights，” she said. There was another bus I could take from there. This clearly was going to be a long night. She dropped me off at the end of her route and told me which bus to look for.
After waiting 30 minutes, I began to think about a very expensive taxi ride home. Then a bus pulled up. There was no lighted number above its windshield(挡风玻璃). It was out of service. But the door opened, and I was surprised to find that it was the same driver. “I just can’t leave you here，” she said. “This isn’t the nicest place. I’ll give you a ride home.” “You’ll drive me home in the bus? ” I asked, perplexed(困惑的). “No, I’ll take you in my car，” she said. “It’s a long way，” I protested. “Come on，”she said. “I have nothing else to do.” As we drove from the station in her car, she began telling me a story. A few days earlier, her brother had run out of gas. A good Samaritan picked him up, took him to a service station and then back to his car. “I’m just passing the favor along，” she said.
When I offered her money as a thank-you, she wouldn’t hear of it. “That wouldn’t make it a favor，” she said. “Just do something nice for somebody. Pass it along.”
【解题导语】 本文讲述了一位好心的公共汽车司机给作者提供帮助的故事。
1．Why did the writer say that he would have a long night?
A．Because he wondered how long he had to wait for the next bus.
B．Because no driver would give him a ride.
C．Because he didn’t know the routes.
D．Because he perhaps would have to take a taxi.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Four more lights，” she said. There was another bus I could take from there. This clearly was going to be a long night.可知答案为A。
2．Judging from its context, the place where the writer waited for the second bus was ________.
A．very quiet and peaceful
B．dark without street lights
C．neither clean nor beautiful
D．a little unsafe
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I just can’t leave you here”... “This isn’t the nicest place. I’ll give you a ride home.”(我不能把你留在这里……这里不安全， 我将送你回家)可知答案为D。
3．The bus driver drove the writer home later because ________．
A．she happened to go in the same direction
B．she wanted to do something good for other people
C．her brother told her to do so
D．she wanted to earn more money
B 解析：推理判断题。从司机的回答Just do something nice for somebody. Pass it along.可知她只是想帮助别人， 故答案为B。
B
(2019·济南高一检测)How many calories are there in every meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer. But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now. They put what they eat into an online calorie counter(计算器). It quickly measures the amount of calories in their meals.
In fact, this is part of the school’s health class. It includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can learn basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.
Students learn how to balance calories in and out. They will know what happens when the balance isn’t there. “The online calorie counter has turned out to be a cool tool to help you make healthy choices. Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference，” Adam Carlson, the teacher in charge, told local newspaper Aitkin Independent Age.
They also discuss good ways to burn calories in the gym. According to Carlson, the gym is a great place to burn calories and get stronger. But it doesn’t work for everyone. So they try to find different workout tips. “I’m trying hard to teach the students that working out can be fun, challenging, and doesn’t need to take hours out of the day，” she said.
The class has indeed changed students.“I am now watching what I am eating and paying attention to the food labels，” said seventh-grader Karena Burgstaler. Another student James Erickson began to control his sugar input because it almost went over his daily calorie intake goal.
【解题导语】 美国一所高中的学生每天都会计算所吃食物的卡路里，以保持健康。
4．After taking the health class, the students ________．
A．pay more attention to food prices
B．eat more food with labels
C．try to keep a balanced diet
D．stop eating sugary food
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段中的Students learn how to balance calories in and out.可知，在上了健康课之后，学生们尽力保持均衡的饮食。故选C。
5．What do we know about the students from the first two paragraphs?
A．They try to cook healthy food with fewer calories.
B．They learn about health and nutrition from a class.
C．They create a popular online calorie counter.
D．They teach people about food nutrition in class.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据前两段，尤其是第二段可知，前两段主要讲学生在上课时学习有关健康和营养的知识。故选B。
6．Which of the following will Adam Carlson agree with?
A．Calories matter more than proteins.
B．Fewer calories mean better health.
C．The calorie counter doesn’t help.
D．Healthy eating habits are important.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference可知，Adam Carlson同意“健康的饮食习惯很重要。”故选D。
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Eating With an Online Calorie Counter
B．Counting Calories to Stay Healthy
C．Opinions on How to Balance Your Diet
D．A Health Class at Aitkin Independent Age
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知，“计算卡路里以保持健康”作标题最佳。故选B。
七选五
More than 40 million Americans move each year, but not always by choice. Whether you’re moving because of work or schooling or for better chances, adjusting to(适应)the life in a new place can be difficult. 1.________. Here are some tips to help you adjust to your new home.
Treat it as an adventure(冒险)
2．________. So stay positive and get out there and explore! Taste the local food and visit the famous places and museums. Try local activities that aren’t popular in your former city, such as skating if you came from a beach town or surfing if you lived in the mountains. You may discover a talent(才能) or interest you never knew you had.
Get involved with(融入) your neighbors
Introduce yourself to neighbors and everyone else you meet. 3.________. This is the best way to get advice about living in your area, and to make new friends. Attend local events that interest you, visit the markets or yard sales, take classes and so on. All of these things will help you meet people and feel connected.
4．________
It takes time to get to know a new place, so don’t expect to feel comfortable right away. 5.________. To help make the process easier, you can meet new people, find a support group near you. A fresh move is also a fresh start. Therefore, it is a great time to start realizing a dream you’ve had, whether it is going back to school, starting a new career, or finishing a novel.
A．Find what you love
B．Be patient and go after your dream
C．Give yourself time to adjust
D．Tell them you’re new
E．It is especially true when you don’t love your new city very much
F．Show others the photos of your favorite places in your old town
G．Living in a new place is a great opportunity to experience new things and grow up
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是如何适应新的环境和生活，并给出了一些具体的建议。
1．E 解析：上文列举了人们搬家的原因，提出了适应新环境是困难的这一现实情况。E项是对上句的进一步说明，故选E项。
2．G 解析：本段讲把搬家当成一次冒险，以积极的态度去体验新事物。G项(生活在一个新的地方是一个体验新事物和成长的好机会。)符合本段内容，故选G项。
3．D 解析：本段讲使自己融入到邻居之中，上句说向邻居和你遇到的每个人介绍你自己，D项(告诉他们你是新来的。)承接上句，故选D项。
4．B 解析：本段主要讲的是不要着急，要有耐心适应新环境，然后去实现自己的梦想。B项“Be patient and go after your dream.”表达了本段的主要意思，故选B项。
5．C 解析：C项“Give yourself time to adjust.”与上句中“It takes time to get to know a new place”意思一致，告诉我们不要着急，适应新环境需要时间，故选C项。
课件32张PPT。Unit 2 Making a differencemissiondiseasegenerousaidchiefobtainfurtherextenddisabilityhesitateassistanceconfirmationachievementmajortreatmentbe confident aboutcome up witha sense of humourcheer upcome acrossraise moneyin dangerkeep records ofserve asfor the most parttake inat one pointthe majority of...rise to one’s feetbring...to public attentionpass awayhow to make wise decisionsOn leaving schoolAs the Chinese saying goesto askhesitationset a new recordbreak the recordIt is recorded thatonup包括欺骗理解收留jumped to his feetstruggled to his feetrose to his feetmajoringmajoritythe majority ofWhere to hold the meetingwhere to find the answer to the questionhow to help the old man按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
品句填词
1．You might want to consider temporary(临时的) work until you decide what you want to do.
2．The travelers decided to extend(延长) their visit to see more about the beautiful country.
3．His mission(职责) was to help young people in his local community.
4．We really expect children to be able to recover from the disease(疾病)．
5．My teeth are very sensitive(敏感的) to cold food.
6．It was generous(感慨的) of you to share your food with me.
7．With the assistance/aid(帮助) of his teacher, he got an opportunity to learn English in Britain.
8．He works as a chief(主要的) editor in China Daily.
9．You need to obtain(获得) the permission from our teacher if you want to leave the school.
10．Then came the good news that scientists have made a great breakthrough in the treatment(治疗) of cancer.
完成句子
1．如果有其他我可以为你做的，请毫不犹豫地跟我联系。
If there is something else I can do for you, please don’t hesitate to contact me．
2．在奥运会上，有些运动员打破世界纪录，有的创造新纪录，有的保持原有纪录。
At the Olympic Games, some athletes broke the world record, some set a new record, and others held the former record.
3．你知道怎样去车站吗？
Do you know how to get to the station?
4．虽然他受伤严重，但是他还是慢慢地站了起来。
Though he was badly hurt, he slowly rose/got to his feet．
5．大多数人认为吸烟有害健康。
The majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health.
单句语法填空
1．She helped me with my math without hesitation(hesitate) when she knew I failed the math test.
2．When travelling in Beijing, keep a record of what interests you most.
3．It’s good to stand on the top of the hill and take in a breath of fresh air.
4．As the last long distance runner comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race，the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer.
5．The majority(major) were in favor of the suggestion that we should go there by high-speed train.
6．He didn’t know whether to laugh(laugh) or to cry when he heard the words.
7．Cheer up! I’m firmly convinced that you will get over the illness and pick up soon.
8．He is in danger of losing his job because of an unexpected incident.
9．They felt a sense of achievement(achieve) because their children all behaved well.
10．I have learned the students living in rural areas in China need a great deal of educational assistance(assist)．
完成句子
1．她用谎话把我完全蒙蔽了。
She took me in completely with her story.
2．既然你已经长大了，你必须学会自立。
Now that you’ve grown up, you must learn to stand on your own feet．
3．汤姆不知道应该先读哪本书。
Tom had no idea which book to read first.
4．他已想出一个解决这个问题的好办法。
He has come up with a good way to settle the problem.
5．(江苏卷)他去年因癌症不幸去世。
He unfortunately passed away last year due to his cancer.
阅读理解
A
Last July, my 12-year-old car died on California’s Santa Ana Freeway. It was an hour before sunset, and I was 25 miles from home. I couldn’t reach anyone to pick me up, so I decided to take a bus. Not knowing the routes, I figured I’d just head east. A bus pulled up, and I asked the driver how far she was going. “Four more lights，” she said. There was another bus I could take from there. This clearly was going to be a long night. She dropped me off at the end of her route and told me which bus to look for.
After waiting 30 minutes, I began to think about a very expensive taxi ride home. Then a bus pulled up. There was no lighted number above its windshield(挡风玻璃). It was out of service. But the door opened, and I was surprised to find that it was the same driver. “I just can’t leave you here，” she said. “This isn’t the nicest place. I’ll give you a ride home.” “You’ll drive me home in the bus? ” I asked, perplexed(困惑的). “No, I’ll take you in my car，” she said. “It’s a long way，” I protested. “Come on，”she said. “I have nothing else to do.” As we drove from the station in her car, she began telling me a story. A few days earlier, her brother had run out of gas. A good Samaritan picked him up, took him to a service station and then back to his car. “I’m just passing the favor along，” she said.
When I offered her money as a thank-you, she wouldn’t hear of it. “That wouldn’t make it a favor，” she said. “Just do something nice for somebody. Pass it along.”
【解题导语】 本文讲述了一位好心的公共汽车司机给作者提供帮助的故事。
1．Why did the writer say that he would have a long night?
A．Because he wondered how long he had to wait for the next bus.
B．Because no driver would give him a ride.
C．Because he didn’t know the routes.
D．Because he perhaps would have to take a taxi.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Four more lights，” she said. There was another bus I could take from there. This clearly was going to be a long night.可知答案为A。
2．Judging from its context, the place where the writer waited for the second bus was ________.
A．very quiet and peaceful
B．dark without street lights
C．neither clean nor beautiful
D．a little unsafe
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I just can’t leave you here”... “This isn’t the nicest place. I’ll give you a ride home.”(我不能把你留在这里……这里不安全， 我将送你回家)可知答案为D。
3．The bus driver drove the writer home later because ________．
A．she happened to go in the same direction
B．she wanted to do something good for other people
C．her brother told her to do so
D．she wanted to earn more money
B 解析：推理判断题。从司机的回答Just do something nice for somebody. Pass it along.可知她只是想帮助别人， 故答案为B。
B
(2019·济南高一检测)How many calories are there in every meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer. But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now. They put what they eat into an online calorie counter(计算器). It quickly measures the amount of calories in their meals.
In fact, this is part of the school’s health class. It includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can learn basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.
Students learn how to balance calories in and out. They will know what happens when the balance isn’t there. “The online calorie counter has turned out to be a cool tool to help you make healthy choices. Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference，” Adam Carlson, the teacher in charge, told local newspaper Aitkin Independent Age.
They also discuss good ways to burn calories in the gym. According to Carlson, the gym is a great place to burn calories and get stronger. But it doesn’t work for everyone. So they try to find different workout tips. “I’m trying hard to teach the students that working out can be fun, challenging, and doesn’t need to take hours out of the day，” she said.
The class has indeed changed students.“I am now watching what I am eating and paying attention to the food labels，” said seventh-grader Karena Burgstaler. Another student James Erickson began to control his sugar input because it almost went over his daily calorie intake goal.
【解题导语】 美国一所高中的学生每天都会计算所吃食物的卡路里，以保持健康。
4．After taking the health class, the students ________．
A．pay more attention to food prices
B．eat more food with labels
C．try to keep a balanced diet
D．stop eating sugary food
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段中的Students learn how to balance calories in and out.可知，在上了健康课之后，学生们尽力保持均衡的饮食。故选C。
5．What do we know about the students from the first two paragraphs?
A．They try to cook healthy food with fewer calories.
B．They learn about health and nutrition from a class.
C．They create a popular online calorie counter.
D．They teach people about food nutrition in class.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据前两段，尤其是第二段可知，前两段主要讲学生在上课时学习有关健康和营养的知识。故选B。
6．Which of the following will Adam Carlson agree with?
A．Calories matter more than proteins.
B．Fewer calories mean better health.
C．The calorie counter doesn’t help.
D．Healthy eating habits are important.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference可知，Adam Carlson同意“健康的饮食习惯很重要。”故选D。
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Eating With an Online Calorie Counter
B．Counting Calories to Stay Healthy
C．Opinions on How to Balance Your Diet
D．A Health Class at Aitkin Independent Age
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知，“计算卡路里以保持健康”作标题最佳。故选B。
七选五
More than 40 million Americans move each year, but not always by choice. Whether you’re moving because of work or schooling or for better chances, adjusting to(适应)the life in a new place can be difficult. 1.________. Here are some tips to help you adjust to your new home.
Treat it as an adventure(冒险)
2．________. So stay positive and get out there and explore! Taste the local food and visit the famous places and museums. Try local activities that aren’t popular in your former city, such as skating if you came from a beach town or surfing if you lived in the mountains. You may discover a talent(才能) or interest you never knew you had.
Get involved with(融入) your neighbors
Introduce yourself to neighbors and everyone else you meet. 3.________. This is the best way to get advice about living in your area, and to make new friends. Attend local events that interest you, visit the markets or yard sales, take classes and so on. All of these things will help you meet people and feel connected.
4．________
It takes time to get to know a new place, so don’t expect to feel comfortable right away. 5.________. To help make the process easier, you can meet new people, find a support group near you. A fresh move is also a fresh start. Therefore, it is a great time to start realizing a dream you’ve had, whether it is going back to school, starting a new career, or finishing a novel.
A．Find what you love
B．Be patient and go after your dream
C．Give yourself time to adjust
D．Tell them you’re new
E．It is especially true when you don’t love your new city very much
F．Show others the photos of your favorite places in your old town
G．Living in a new place is a great opportunity to experience new things and grow up
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是如何适应新的环境和生活，并给出了一些具体的建议。
1．E 解析：上文列举了人们搬家的原因，提出了适应新环境是困难的这一现实情况。E项是对上句的进一步说明，故选E项。
2．G 解析：本段讲把搬家当成一次冒险，以积极的态度去体验新事物。G项(生活在一个新的地方是一个体验新事物和成长的好机会。)符合本段内容，故选G项。
3．D 解析：本段讲使自己融入到邻居之中，上句说向邻居和你遇到的每个人介绍你自己，D项(告诉他们你是新来的。)承接上句，故选D项。
4．B 解析：本段主要讲的是不要着急，要有耐心适应新环境，然后去实现自己的梦想。B项“Be patient and go after your dream.”表达了本段的主要意思，故选B项。
5．C 解析：C项“Give yourself time to adjust.”与上句中“It takes time to get to know a new place”意思一致，告诉我们不要着急，适应新环境需要时间，故选C项。
Section Ⅲ Using language & Writing
过去分词(短语)作定语
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词、形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。过去分词通常与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系，表示被动或完成。
一、过去分词作定语时的意义
1．及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已经完成。
◆The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的工人现在正在医院受到良好的照料。
◆The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.
会上提出的计划将很快被执行。
2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
◆The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.
早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀。
◆Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
许多小孩子喜欢在庭院里收集落叶。
过去分词作定语时，其语法功能相当于一个定语从句。
◆Tsinghua University, founded (which was founded) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding people.
清华大学建立于1911年，是许多名人的母校。
◆As we all know, America is a developed country(＝a country which/that is developed)．
众所周知，美国是一个发达国家。
二、过去分词(短语)作定语时的位置
1．前置定语
一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
◆Many used computers will be sold in this market.
很多二手电脑将在这个市场出售。
有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。
◆There’s little time left. Let’s hurry up.
剩余的时间不多了，我们快点吧。
2．后置定语
过去分词(短语)作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
◆He is a teacher loved by his students.
他是一位受学生爱戴的老师。
◆The book published ten years ago, is still a best-seller today.
十年前出版的这本书现在仍然是最畅销的一本书。
过去分词、现在分词与不定式作定语的区别
(1)语态上不同：现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词多表示被动意义。
◆He sat at the table reading China Daily.
他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。
◆The bridge built in 2019 was designed by a local company.
2019年建造的这座大桥是由一家当地公司设计的。
(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作，而不定式表示将来的动作。
◆The bridge constructed ten years ago is under repair now.
十年前建的这座桥现在正在维修。
◆The bridge being constructed now will link the village to that town.
正在建设中的这座桥将把这个村庄与那个城镇连接起来。
◆The bridge to be constructed next year will be of great importance.
明年要建的这座桥非常重要。
单句语法填空
1．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent(spend) with his students.
2．The Yangtze River, known(know) in China as the Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.
3．Ian has a brother working(work) in a bank in London and a sister studying(study) economics at university in Manchester.
4．Most of the suggestions made(make) at the meeting were not very practical.
5．Look! The students seated(seat) at the back of the classroom are playing computer games.
6．Who is the girl absorbed(absorb) in reading a book under the tree?
7．Most of the people invited(invite) to my birthday party are my old friends.
8．The vase broken(break) the other day was very beautiful.
9．My friend is a returned(return) student.
10．I, together with my two friends, was eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, located(locate) in the center of New York.
语法与写作
1．The players selected from the whole country(选自全国的) are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
2．As we know, a lot of things considered impossible(认为不可能的) in the past are common today.
3．Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile(满意的微笑) at last.
4．They’re having a meeting to discuss the serious problem known to everybody(每人熟知的)．
5．To solve the problem, we should meet the demand made by the customers(顾客提出的)．
人物传记
文体感知
人物传记主要是简单介绍某人的生平，从外貌到性格，从事迹到品质来进行描述。写作过程中要理清人物的基本信息、重要事迹、对社会的贡献或影响以及作者对人物的评价。要明确文章结构：开头部分陈述人物出生的时间、地点和家庭背景；第二部分列举人物的生平、主要经历、事迹或成就；第三部分描述人们的评价或表达自己的感受。
增分佳句
1．He/She was one of the greatest scientists/musicians in the 20th century, who was such a learned/strong-willed person that we all admire him/her very much.
2．Born in 1911, he/she studied at a local high school and graduated from Peking University.
3．He achieved a great success in literature, which enabled him to win the Nobel Prize.
4．She/He made great contributions to the whole world. So she/he was thought highly of by many people.
写作要求
请根据以下内容写一篇80词左右的文章介绍美国著名歌手、音乐家、诗人鲍勃·迪伦。
姓名
鲍勃·迪伦(Bob Dylan)
出生地
美国
出生日期
1941年
音乐风格
遵守美国音乐的传统
经历
少年时期展示出音乐天赋；
在高中时就组建了自己的乐队；
在读大学期间，对民谣产生兴趣；
1961年，鲍勃·迪伦开始投身于音乐之中
成就
在2016年，鲍勃·迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖
评价
作品充满创造力；
为美国及世界的文化做出了巨大的贡献
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
记叙文
话题
人物传记
时态
一般过去时
人称
第三人称
词句推敲
1．词汇
①遵守 observe/follow
②展示某人在某方面的天赋 show one’s great talent in
③建立 set up
④对……感兴趣 show great interest in
⑤致力于；投身于 devote oneself to
⑥做贡献 make contributions to
2．句式
①鲍勃·迪伦在1941年出生于美国，是美国著名的歌手、音乐家、诗人。
普通表达：Bob Dylan was born in America in 1941 and he is a famous singer, musician and poet in America.
高级表达：Born in America in 1941, Bob Dylan is a famous singer, musician and poet in America.(用非谓语动词作状语改写)
②他在上高中时就建立了自己的乐队。
普通表达：When he was in high school, he set up a band of his own.
高级表达：It was when he was in high school that he set up a band of his own.(用强调句式强调状语从句改写)
③他去上大学，在这期间对民谣产生了兴趣。
普通表达：He went to college, during which he was very interested in folk music.
高级表达：He went to college, during which and then he showed great interest in folk music.(用interest短语升级黑体部分)
妙笔成篇
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One possible version：
Born in America in 1941, Bob Dylan is a famous singer, musician and poet in America, who has observed the tradition of American music all the way.
When he was young, he showed his great talent in music. It was when he was in high school that he set up a band of his own. He went to college, during which he showed great interest in folk music. In 1961, he began to devote himself to music.
Bob Dylan, whose works are full of creativity, makes great contributions to the culture of America and the world. Bob Dylan has achieved a great success in music and literature, which enabled him to win the Nobel Prize.
单句语法填空
1．With fallen(fall) leaves buried in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.
2．His book to be published(publish) next month is based on a true story.
3．The puzzled(puzzle) look on his face suggested that he didn’t grasp what I said.
4．Don’t drink polluted(pollute) water, because it carries the disease.
5．China Daily, first published(publish) in 1980, is very popular with students of English in China.
6．There was an excited(excite) look on his face when the actress appeared.
7．Cleaning(clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.
8．The suggestion discussed(discuss) just now is of great value.
9．The computer center, opened(open)last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
10．The movie called(call) Ne Zha was famous for its special techniques.
阅读理解
A
After suffering through many months of unemployment, my wife and I moved this week from Colorado to Ohio, where she was starting a new job. Not knowing anybody there, we were pretty concerned about how we’d get our entire home unloaded(卸下) without killing ourselves.
We made a phone call to hire a couple of college students to help with all the heavy lifting once we got there. But one neighbor after another stopped by to help us. What? Have we moved to some other country? Maybe we’ve died and gone to heaven!
Unloading actually became fun and joy because there were so many wonderful new friends to help when we worked. The more people helped, the easier the work became. We were afraid the job might take days for the two of us alone, but it was finished in a few hours. Many total strangers would either walk by the sidewalk or drive by to ask us if we were moving in. Many were happy that this old house that had sat empty for so long was coming to life again. We were invited to an outdoor meal yesterday by neighbors on the same street.
All the time, my brain was resting on this new sense of hope that people can be so friendly to strangers. Among all the conversation were lots of offers to help each other in all kinds of ways. It’s wonderful to live in such a kind little town. I feel so grateful to be here, and wish the rest of the world could see how an entire community can model(做榜样) what it’s like to help each other.
【解题导语】 作者与妻子两个人因为工作问题而搬到俄亥俄州，原以为会孤单的他们却受到当地邻居的热情帮助。作者体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。
1．The author and his wife moved to Ohio because ________．
A．they liked moving from one place to another
B．they were both out of work in Colorado
C．the students of his wife were living there
D．his wife had found a new job there
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的my wife and I moved this week from Colorado to Ohio, where she was starting a new job可知，作者的妻子在这里找到了新工作所以搬家，故选D。
2．We can learn from the passage that the author’s neighbors ________．
A．thought it hard work to move in
B．were curious about the newcomers
C．were glad that the old house would have its new owner
D．hired two college students to help him
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Many were happy that this old house that had sat empty for so long was coming to life again.可知，邻居们很高兴看到房子里搬来了新主人，故选C。
3．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．The author has many old friends in Ohio.
B．It took the author and his wife days to get home unloaded.
C．The author and his wife invited the neighbors to a dinner.
D．The author is very satisfied with his new home and new neighbors.
D 解析：细节理解题。由前两段可知作者夫妻俩在俄亥俄州一个人也不认识，更没有老朋友，A错误；由第三段第三句话可知，因为有了邻居的帮忙，他们只用了几个小时就完成了搬家工作，故B错误；由第三段末句可知，同街的邻居邀请作者夫妇吃饭，故C错误；从作者第四段的表述可以看出，他对新家和新邻居都很满意，D项正确。故选D。
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________．
A．we don’t know what is good until we have lost it
B．kindness is the sunshine of social life
C．where there is a will, there is a way
D．there is no place like home
B 解析：推理判断题。作者通过自己搬新家受到邻居们的热情帮助深深体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。故选B。
B
During the 15th century, spices(香料) from India were very popular in Europe, however, the only way to travel from Europe to India was over land. This was a long and expensive trip. The King of Portugal realized if he could find a way to get to India by sailing on the ocean, he would become rich by trading spices in Europe. An explorer by the name of Bartolomeu Dias had discovered the Cape of Good Hope at the tip of Africa. It was thought that there may be a way around the Cape and to the northeast towards India. However, many were skeptical and thought that the Indian Ocean did not connect with the Atlantic Ocean.
Vasco da Gama, who was born in 1460s to a wealthy Portuguese family in Sines, was given a fleet of ships by the king and told to discover a sea route around Africa to India. He was also told to look for other trading possibilities along the way.
Vasco da Gama left on his first voyage from Lisbon, Portugal, with four ships and 170 men on July 8, 1497. Gama and his men rounded the southern tip of Africa at the Cape of Good Hope on November 22. They then headed north up the coast of Africa. They stopped at trading ports along the way including Mombasa and Malindi. At Malindi(about 120 km northeast of Mombasa), they picked up a local pilot who knew the direction to India. With the help of a monsoon wind they were able to cross the Indian Ocean and arrive in Calicut, India, in less than a month(on May 20，1498). At Calicut, Vasco ran into serious trouble when trying to trade. He had brought little of value in his ships. This made the local traders doubtful of him and very soon he had to leave. The voyage back was disastrous. Around half of his men died from scurvy(坏血病) as the trip back took much longer because of the winds not blowing in his favor. However, when he returned home, he was still a hero. He had found the much needed trade route to India.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了葡萄牙探险家达·伽马第一次航行到印度的原因及过程。
5．What does the underlined word “skeptical” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Worried. B．Doubtful.
C．Hopeful. D．Supportive.
B 解析：词义猜测题。由第一段中的there may be a way...towards India和画线词后的the Indian Ocean did not connect with the Atlantic Ocean可知，因为许多人认为印度洋与大西洋不相连，所以他们对绕过好望角有到达印度的路线这一想法持怀疑态度。
6．What was the main purpose of Vasco da Gama’s first voyage to India?
A．To take control of India.
B．To control the spice trade.
C．To find a trade route to India.
D．To bring back spices from India.
C 解析：细节理解题。第一段解释了葡萄牙国王派遣达·伽马出行的原因find a way to get to India...trading spices in Europe，再由第二段中的told to discover a sea route around Africa to India可知，达·伽马第一次航行到印度的目的是寻找一条贸易路线。
7．Which is the CORRECT route of Gama’s first voyage to India?
A．Sines→the Cape of Good Hope→Mombasa→Malindi→Calicut.
B．Sines→the Cape of Good Hope→Malindi→Mombasa→Calicut.
C．Lisbon→the Cape of Good Hope→Malindi→Mombasa→Calicut.
D．Lisbon→the Cape of Good Hope→Mombasa→Malindi→Calicut.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第三段描述达·伽马第一次从欧洲航海到印度的路线left on his first voyage from Lisbon...rounded...at the Cape of Good Hope...At Malindi(about 120 km northeast of Mombasa)... cross the Indian Ocean and arrive in Calicut可知答案。
8．What happened to Gama and his men when they stayed at Calicut?
A．Their trading was well-received.
B．Half of them got a serious illness.
C．They missed the best time to go back home.
D．They were considered unwelcome by the local traders.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的He had brought little of value...doubtful of him可知，到达Calicut之后，由于船上有价值的东西太少，因此达·伽马和他的船员们在那里不受当地商人的欢迎。
语法填空
As we all know, Columbus was a great explorer. He left Spain in August 1492, 1.__________ (look) for gold. Native Americans greeted him，offering gifts of corn. Columbus found little gold on that trip，but he collected many 2.____________(plant), including corn, to bring back to Spain.
Columbus didn’t know it, but the corn was much more valuable than gold. Farmers from Europe to Asia accepted it 3.____________(immediate). They grew it on cold mountainsides and in rainforests. So it 4.____________(feed) millions of people all over the world today.
On his second trip, Columbus brought back a few chocolate beans to make chocolate. Europeans and Asians loved this new drink, and soon they were paying 5.____________ great deal of money for the beans. Chocolate beans became so valuable in Central America 6.____________ they were used as cash for 200 years.
Tomatoes and potatoes 7.____________(take) some time to become popular. Eventually, however, they became the basis of a lot of popular foods. 8.____________ is hard to imagine life without fried potatoes or chocolate. Thanks 9.____________ native American culture, many people are able to enjoy lots of 10.____________(taste) food.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了哥伦布发现了新大陆并为欧亚大陆带回多种作物的故事。
1．looking 解析：此处应用非谓语动词作伴随状语，look与句子主语He之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填looking。
2．plants 解析：plant意为“植物”时是可数名词，前有many修饰，所以应用复数形式。故填plants。
3．immediately 解析：修饰动词accepted应用副词。故填immediately。
4．feeds 解析：设空处是谓语动词，feed与主语it之间是主动关系，时间状语为today，所以应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填feeds。
5．a 解析：a great deal of为固定搭配，意为“大量的”。故填a。
6．that 解析：句意：在中美洲，巧克力豆太珍贵了，以至于被当作现金使用了200年。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，故填that。
7．took 解析：take是谓语动词，与主语Tomatoes and potatoes之间是主动关系，动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时。故填took。
8．It 解析：to imagine life without fried potatoes or chocolate是真正的主语，设空处应用It作形式主语。故填It。
9．to 解析：thanks to为固定搭配，意为“多亏了”。故填to。
10．tasty 解析：修饰名词food应用形容词。故填tasty。
应用文写作
你校学生会准备办一期主题为“Great Women”的英语墙报。请你根据所给提示，写一篇英语短文介绍美国著名女作家海伦·凯勒(Helen Keller)。
简况
1880年出生于美国，1968年去世
主要经历
★19个月时因病丧失视力、听力及语言能力；
★7岁时在老师Anne Sullivan的帮助下学会了读、写和讲话；
★24岁时以优异成绩毕业于Radcliffe学院
主要成就
★著作有The Story of My Life, Let Us Have Faith等；
★倾注毕生精力为全世界的盲人和聋哑人服务
注意：词数80左右
参考词汇：the deaf-mute聋哑人
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One possible version：
Helen Keller, who was born in 1880 and died in 1968, was one of the most well-known American women writers.
At 19 months, an illness took away her ability to hear, see and talk. When she was 7, Anne Sullivan came to teach her and helped her learn to read，write and talk.At 24，Helen graduated from Radcliffe College with honors.Helen wrote some excellent books like The Story of My Life and Let Us Have Faith. During her life, she devoted herself to working for the blind and the deaf-mute.
She sets a good example to us and her story encourages many people to face difficulty bravely.
《雾都孤儿》是英国作家狄更斯的第一部社会批判小说。小说以雾都伦敦为背景，讲述了一个孤儿悲惨的身世及遭遇，主人公奥立弗在孤儿院长大，历尽无数辛酸，最后在善良人的帮助下，查明身世并获得了幸福。
[词句积累]
1．embrace/Im'breIs/n.拥抱
2．gloom/ɡl?m/n.忧郁，黑暗
3．infant /'Inf?nt/n.婴儿，幼儿
4．companion/k?m'p?nj?n/ n．同伴，朋友
5．temporary/'tempr?ri/ adj.暂时的，临时的
6．inform/In'f??m/v.通知，告诉
7．Young as he was, however, he had sense enough to make a feint of feeling great regret at going away.
分析：Young as he was是一个让步状语从句，as表示“尽管”时，作表语的形容词或名词要前置到句首。
Oliver Twist(excerpt)
This was no very great consolation to the child. Young as he was, however, he had sense enough to make a feint of feeling great regret at going away. It was no very difficult matter for the boy to call tears into his eyes. Hunger and recent ill-usage are great assistants if you want to cry; and Oliver cried very naturally indeed. Mrs Mann gave him a thousand embraces, and what Oliver wanted a great deal more, a piece of bread and butter, less he should seem too hungry when he got to the workhouse. With the slice of bread in his hand, and the little brown-cloth parish cap on his head, Oliver was then led away by Mr Bumble from the wretched home where one kind word or look had never lighted the gloom of his infant years. And yet he burst into an agony of childish grief, as the cottage-gate closed after him. Wretched as were the little companions in misery he was leaving behind, they were the only friends he had ever known; and a sense of his loneliness in the great wide world, sank into the child’s heart for the first time.
Mr Bumble walked on with long strides; little Oliver, firmly grasping his gold-laced cuff, trotted beside him, inquiring at the end of every quarter of a mile whether they were “nearly there”. To these interrogations, Mr Bumble returned very brief and snappish replies; for the temporary blandness which gin-and-water awakens in some bosoms had by this time evaporated; and he was once again a beadle.
Oliver had not been within the walls of the workhouse a quarter of an hour, and had scarcely completed the demolition of a second slice of bread, when Mr Bumble, who had handed him over to the care of an old woman, returned; and telling him it was a board night, informed him that the board had said he was to appear before it forthwith.
《雾都孤儿》(节选)
对这个孩子来说，这完全算不上一个很大的安慰。尽管他还很小，却已经能够特意装出非常舍不得离开的表情。要这个男孩子挤出几滴泪水也根本不是什么太难的事情。只要想哭，挨饿以及最近所遭受的虐待也很有帮助。奥立弗哭得的确相当自然。麦恩太太拥抱了奥立弗一千次，还给了他一块奶油面包，这对他来说要实惠得多，省得他一到济贫院就露出一副饿痨相。奥立弗手里拿着面包，戴上一顶教区配备的茶色小帽，当下便由邦布尔先生领出了这一所可悲的房屋，他在这里度过的幼年时代真是一团漆黑，从来没有被一句温和的话语或是一道亲切的目光照亮过。尽管如此，当那所房子的大门在身后关上时，他还是顿时感到一阵稚气的哀伤，他把自己那帮不幸的小伙伴们丢在身后了，他们淘气是淘气，但却是他结识的不多的几个好朋友，一种只身掉进茫茫人海的孤独感第一次沉入这孩子的心田。
邦布尔先生大步流星地走着，小奥立弗紧紧抓住他的金边袖口，一溜小跑地走在旁边。每走四百多米，他就要问一声是不是“快到了”。对于这些问题，邦布尔先生报以极其简短而暴躁的答复，掺水的杜松子酒在某些人胸中只能唤起短时间的温和大度，这种心情到这会儿已经蒸发完了，他重又成为一名教区干事。
奥立弗在济贫院里还没待上一刻钟，刚解决了另外一片面包，把他交给一位老太太照看，自己去办事的邦布尔先生就回来了，他告诉奥立弗，今天晚上赶上理事会开会，理事们要他马上去见一面。
四大核心素养养成档案
核心素养
具体能力
模块效果评价
问题原因分析
语言能力
词汇的识记能力、语言的运用能力
文化品格
对中外文化的理解与鉴赏能力
思维品质
用英语进行分析、概括与推断的能力
学习能力
自我选用学习策略、方法和评价的能力
课件28张PPT。Unit 2 Making a differencespentknownworkingstudyingmadeseatedabsorbedinvitedbrokenreturnedlocatedselected from the whole countryconsidered impossiblesatisfied smileknownmade by the customersto everybodyobserve/followshow one’s great talent inset upshow great interest indevote oneself tomake contributions toBorn in America in 1941, Bob Dylan is a famous singer, musician and poet in America.It was when he was in high school that he set up aband of his own.showed great interest in按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
单句语法填空
1．With fallen(fall) leaves buried in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.
2．His book to be published(publish) next month is based on a true story.
3．The puzzled(puzzle) look on his face suggested that he didn’t grasp what I said.
4．Don’t drink polluted(pollute) water, because it carries the disease.
5．China Daily, first published(publish) in 1980, is very popular with students of English in China.
6．There was an excited(excite) look on his face when the actress appeared.
7．Cleaning(clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.
8．The suggestion discussed(discuss) just now is of great value.
9．The computer center, opened(open)last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
10．The movie called(call) Ne Zha was famous for its special techniques.
阅读理解
A
After suffering through many months of unemployment, my wife and I moved this week from Colorado to Ohio, where she was starting a new job. Not knowing anybody there, we were pretty concerned about how we’d get our entire home unloaded(卸下) without killing ourselves.
We made a phone call to hire a couple of college students to help with all the heavy lifting once we got there. But one neighbor after another stopped by to help us. What? Have we moved to some other country? Maybe we’ve died and gone to heaven!
Unloading actually became fun and joy because there were so many wonderful new friends to help when we worked. The more people helped, the easier the work became. We were afraid the job might take days for the two of us alone, but it was finished in a few hours. Many total strangers would either walk by the sidewalk or drive by to ask us if we were moving in. Many were happy that this old house that had sat empty for so long was coming to life again. We were invited to an outdoor meal yesterday by neighbors on the same street.
All the time, my brain was resting on this new sense of hope that people can be so friendly to strangers. Among all the conversation were lots of offers to help each other in all kinds of ways. It’s wonderful to live in such a kind little town. I feel so grateful to be here, and wish the rest of the world could see how an entire community can model(做榜样) what it’s like to help each other.
【解题导语】 作者与妻子两个人因为工作问题而搬到俄亥俄州，原以为会孤单的他们却受到当地邻居的热情帮助。作者体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。
1．The author and his wife moved to Ohio because ________．
A．they liked moving from one place to another
B．they were both out of work in Colorado
C．the students of his wife were living there
D．his wife had found a new job there
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的my wife and I moved this week from Colorado to Ohio, where she was starting a new job可知，作者的妻子在这里找到了新工作所以搬家，故选D。
2．We can learn from the passage that the author’s neighbors ________．
A．thought it hard work to move in
B．were curious about the newcomers
C．were glad that the old house would have its new owner
D．hired two college students to help him
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Many were happy that this old house that had sat empty for so long was coming to life again.可知，邻居们很高兴看到房子里搬来了新主人，故选C。
3．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．The author has many old friends in Ohio.
B．It took the author and his wife days to get home unloaded.
C．The author and his wife invited the neighbors to a dinner.
D．The author is very satisfied with his new home and new neighbors.
D 解析：细节理解题。由前两段可知作者夫妻俩在俄亥俄州一个人也不认识，更没有老朋友，A错误；由第三段第三句话可知，因为有了邻居的帮忙，他们只用了几个小时就完成了搬家工作，故B错误；由第三段末句可知，同街的邻居邀请作者夫妇吃饭，故C错误；从作者第四段的表述可以看出，他对新家和新邻居都很满意，D项正确。故选D。
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________．
A．we don’t know what is good until we have lost it
B．kindness is the sunshine of social life
C．where there is a will, there is a way
D．there is no place like home
B 解析：推理判断题。作者通过自己搬新家受到邻居们的热情帮助深深体会到：仁慈就像阳光一样，给人们的生活带来温暖和希望。故选B。
B
During the 15th century, spices(香料) from India were very popular in Europe, however, the only way to travel from Europe to India was over land. This was a long and expensive trip. The King of Portugal realized if he could find a way to get to India by sailing on the ocean, he would become rich by trading spices in Europe. An explorer by the name of Bartolomeu Dias had discovered the Cape of Good Hope at the tip of Africa. It was thought that there may be a way around the Cape and to the northeast towards India. However, many were skeptical and thought that the Indian Ocean did not connect with the Atlantic Ocean.
Vasco da Gama, who was born in 1460s to a wealthy Portuguese family in Sines, was given a fleet of ships by the king and told to discover a sea route around Africa to India. He was also told to look for other trading possibilities along the way.
Vasco da Gama left on his first voyage from Lisbon, Portugal, with four ships and 170 men on July 8, 1497. Gama and his men rounded the southern tip of Africa at the Cape of Good Hope on November 22. They then headed north up the coast of Africa. They stopped at trading ports along the way including Mombasa and Malindi. At Malindi(about 120 km northeast of Mombasa), they picked up a local pilot who knew the direction to India. With the help of a monsoon wind they were able to cross the Indian Ocean and arrive in Calicut, India, in less than a month(on May 20，1498). At Calicut, Vasco ran into serious trouble when trying to trade. He had brought little of value in his ships. This made the local traders doubtful of him and very soon he had to leave. The voyage back was disastrous. Around half of his men died from scurvy(坏血病) as the trip back took much longer because of the winds not blowing in his favor. However, when he returned home, he was still a hero. He had found the much needed trade route to India.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了葡萄牙探险家达·伽马第一次航行到印度的原因及过程。
5．What does the underlined word “skeptical” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Worried. B．Doubtful.
C．Hopeful. D．Supportive.
B 解析：词义猜测题。由第一段中的there may be a way...towards India和画线词后的the Indian Ocean did not connect with the Atlantic Ocean可知，因为许多人认为印度洋与大西洋不相连，所以他们对绕过好望角有到达印度的路线这一想法持怀疑态度。
6．What was the main purpose of Vasco da Gama’s first voyage to India?
A．To take control of India.
B．To control the spice trade.
C．To find a trade route to India.
D．To bring back spices from India.
C 解析：细节理解题。第一段解释了葡萄牙国王派遣达·伽马出行的原因find a way to get to India...trading spices in Europe，再由第二段中的told to discover a sea route around Africa to India可知，达·伽马第一次航行到印度的目的是寻找一条贸易路线。
7．Which is the CORRECT route of Gama’s first voyage to India?
A．Sines→the Cape of Good Hope→Mombasa→Malindi→Calicut.
B．Sines→the Cape of Good Hope→Malindi→Mombasa→Calicut.
C．Lisbon→the Cape of Good Hope→Malindi→Mombasa→Calicut.
D．Lisbon→the Cape of Good Hope→Mombasa→Malindi→Calicut.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第三段描述达·伽马第一次从欧洲航海到印度的路线left on his first voyage from Lisbon...rounded...at the Cape of Good Hope...At Malindi(about 120 km northeast of Mombasa)... cross the Indian Ocean and arrive in Calicut可知答案。
8．What happened to Gama and his men when they stayed at Calicut?
A．Their trading was well-received.
B．Half of them got a serious illness.
C．They missed the best time to go back home.
D．They were considered unwelcome by the local traders.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的He had brought little of value...doubtful of him可知，到达Calicut之后，由于船上有价值的东西太少，因此达·伽马和他的船员们在那里不受当地商人的欢迎。
语法填空
As we all know, Columbus was a great explorer. He left Spain in August 1492, 1.__________ (look) for gold. Native Americans greeted him，offering gifts of corn. Columbus found little gold on that trip，but he collected many 2.____________(plant), including corn, to bring back to Spain.
Columbus didn’t know it, but the corn was much more valuable than gold. Farmers from Europe to Asia accepted it 3.____________(immediate). They grew it on cold mountainsides and in rainforests. So it 4.____________(feed) millions of people all over the world today.
On his second trip, Columbus brought back a few chocolate beans to make chocolate. Europeans and Asians loved this new drink, and soon they were paying 5.____________ great deal of money for the beans. Chocolate beans became so valuable in Central America 6.____________ they were used as cash for 200 years.
Tomatoes and potatoes 7.____________(take) some time to become popular. Eventually, however, they became the basis of a lot of popular foods. 8.____________ is hard to imagine life without fried potatoes or chocolate. Thanks 9.____________ native American culture, many people are able to enjoy lots of 10.____________(taste) food.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了哥伦布发现了新大陆并为欧亚大陆带回多种作物的故事。
1．looking 解析：此处应用非谓语动词作伴随状语，look与句子主语He之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填looking。
2．plants 解析：plant意为“植物”时是可数名词，前有many修饰，所以应用复数形式。故填plants。
3．immediately 解析：修饰动词accepted应用副词。故填immediately。
4．feeds 解析：设空处是谓语动词，feed与主语it之间是主动关系，时间状语为today，所以应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填feeds。
5．a 解析：a great deal of为固定搭配，意为“大量的”。故填a。
6．that 解析：句意：在中美洲，巧克力豆太珍贵了，以至于被当作现金使用了200年。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，故填that。
7．took 解析：take是谓语动词，与主语Tomatoes and potatoes之间是主动关系，动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时。故填took。
8．It 解析：to imagine life without fried potatoes or chocolate是真正的主语，设空处应用It作形式主语。故填It。
9．to 解析：thanks to为固定搭配，意为“多亏了”。故填to。
10．tasty 解析：修饰名词food应用形容词。故填tasty。
应用文写作
你校学生会准备办一期主题为“Great Women”的英语墙报。请你根据所给提示，写一篇英语短文介绍美国著名女作家海伦·凯勒(Helen Keller)。
简况
1880年出生于美国，1968年去世
主要经历
★19个月时因病丧失视力、听力及语言能力；
★7岁时在老师Anne Sullivan的帮助下学会了读、写和讲话；
★24岁时以优异成绩毕业于Radcliffe学院
主要成就
★著作有The Story of My Life, Let Us Have Faith等；
★倾注毕生精力为全世界的盲人和聋哑人服务
注意：词数80左右
参考词汇：the deaf-mute聋哑人
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One possible version：
Helen Keller, who was born in 1880 and died in 1968, was one of the most well-known American women writers.
At 19 months, an illness took away her ability to hear, see and talk. When she was 7, Anne Sullivan came to teach her and helped her learn to read，write and talk.At 24，Helen graduated from Radcliffe College with honors.Helen wrote some excellent books like The Story of My Life and Let Us Have Faith. During her life, she devoted herself to working for the blind and the deaf-mute.
She sets a good example to us and her story encourages many people to face difficulty bravely.
《雾都孤儿》是英国作家狄更斯的第一部社会批判小说。小说以雾都伦敦为背景，讲述了一个孤儿悲惨的身世及遭遇，主人公奥立弗在孤儿院长大，历尽无数辛酸，最后在善良人的帮助下，查明身世并获得了幸福。
[词句积累]
1．embrace/Im'breIs/n.拥抱
2．gloom/ɡl?m/n.忧郁，黑暗
3．infant /'Inf?nt/n.婴儿，幼儿
4．companion/k?m'p?nj?n/ n．同伴，朋友
5．temporary/'tempr?ri/ adj.暂时的，临时的
6．inform/In'f??m/v.通知，告诉
7．Young as he was, however, he had sense enough to make a feint of feeling great regret at going away.
分析：Young as he was是一个让步状语从句，as表示“尽管”时，作表语的形容词或名词要前置到句首。
Oliver Twist(excerpt)
This was no very great consolation to the child. Young as he was, however, he had sense enough to make a feint of feeling great regret at going away. It was no very difficult matter for the boy to call tears into his eyes. Hunger and recent ill-usage are great assistants if you want to cry; and Oliver cried very naturally indeed. Mrs Mann gave him a thousand embraces, and what Oliver wanted a great deal more, a piece of bread and butter, less he should seem too hungry when he got to the workhouse. With the slice of bread in his hand, and the little brown-cloth parish cap on his head, Oliver was then led away by Mr Bumble from the wretched home where one kind word or look had never lighted the gloom of his infant years. And yet he burst into an agony of childish grief, as the cottage-gate closed after him. Wretched as were the little companions in misery he was leaving behind, they were the only friends he had ever known; and a sense of his loneliness in the great wide world, sank into the child’s heart for the first time.
Mr Bumble walked on with long strides; little Oliver, firmly grasping his gold-laced cuff, trotted beside him, inquiring at the end of every quarter of a mile whether they were “nearly there”. To these interrogations, Mr Bumble returned very brief and snappish replies; for the temporary blandness which gin-and-water awakens in some bosoms had by this time evaporated; and he was once again a beadle.
Oliver had not been within the walls of the workhouse a quarter of an hour, and had scarcely completed the demolition of a second slice of bread, when Mr Bumble, who had handed him over to the care of an old woman, returned; and telling him it was a board night, informed him that the board had said he was to appear before it forthwith.
《雾都孤儿》(节选)
对这个孩子来说，这完全算不上一个很大的安慰。尽管他还很小，却已经能够特意装出非常舍不得离开的表情。要这个男孩子挤出几滴泪水也根本不是什么太难的事情。只要想哭，挨饿以及最近所遭受的虐待也很有帮助。奥立弗哭得的确相当自然。麦恩太太拥抱了奥立弗一千次，还给了他一块奶油面包，这对他来说要实惠得多，省得他一到济贫院就露出一副饿痨相。奥立弗手里拿着面包，戴上一顶教区配备的茶色小帽，当下便由邦布尔先生领出了这一所可悲的房屋，他在这里度过的幼年时代真是一团漆黑，从来没有被一句温和的话语或是一道亲切的目光照亮过。尽管如此，当那所房子的大门在身后关上时，他还是顿时感到一阵稚气的哀伤，他把自己那帮不幸的小伙伴们丢在身后了，他们淘气是淘气，但却是他结识的不多的几个好朋友，一种只身掉进茫茫人海的孤独感第一次沉入这孩子的心田。
邦布尔先生大步流星地走着，小奥立弗紧紧抓住他的金边袖口，一溜小跑地走在旁边。每走四百多米，他就要问一声是不是“快到了”。对于这些问题，邦布尔先生报以极其简短而暴躁的答复，掺水的杜松子酒在某些人胸中只能唤起短时间的温和大度，这种心情到这会儿已经蒸发完了，他重又成为一名教区干事。
奥立弗在济贫院里还没待上一刻钟，刚解决了另外一片面包，把他交给一位老太太照看，自己去办事的邦布尔先生就回来了，他告诉奥立弗，今天晚上赶上理事会开会，理事们要他马上去见一面。
四大核心素养养成档案
核心素养
具体能力
模块效果评价
问题原因分析
语言能力
词汇的识记能力、语言的运用能力
文化品格
对中外文化的理解与鉴赏能力
思维品质
用英语进行分析、概括与推断的能力
学习能力
自我选用学习策略、方法和评价的能力
重点单词
重点词汇夯实练
1.A good habit contributes to good health. We must keep a healthy body so that we can make contributions(contribute) to our country.
2.①It is a relief to help them out of trouble finally.
②To my relief, the new medicine bought from Beijing helped relieve the pain of my brother’s injured leg.(relief)
3.①We often buy everything abroad with the money earned(earn) from oil imports.
②His mother, who earned a/her living(谋生) by selling newspapers, spent a large quantity of money on his education.
4.Her childhood dream became a reality(real) when she broke the 800m race world record in the last Olympic Games.
5.①I hesitated a lot about/over whether to tell him the bad news.
②(福建卷)We are at your service. Don’t hesitate to turn(turn) to us if you have any further problems.
③(湖北卷)A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation(hesitate).
6.①Mike is a student at Howard University, majoring(major) in physics for a degree in Natural Science.
②One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority(major) of the citizens are(be) black people.
重点短语
会书写
1.under control 受支配；受控制
2.earn/make money 挣钱
3.give up 放弃
4.be determined to do sth. 下决心做某事
5.persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
6.turn out 出席
7.make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用
8.break into 突然……起来
9.set up 建立
10.benefit from 从……中获益
11.make one’s dream a reality 使某人梦想成真
12.come up with 想出；提出
13.cheer up 振作起来
14.keep records of 把……记录下来
15.at one point 一度，在某一刻
16.rise to one’s feet 站起身来
17.bring...to public attention 让公众注意到……
18.pass away 去世
会应用
1.For all these years I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll set up my own business some day.
2.She used diet and exercise to keep her weight under control.
3.If we are to make a difference in life, it’s very important that we should begin with small things.
4.It’s time to start thinking outside the box. In other words, it’s time to come up with creative ways to save the coral reefs.
5.Cheer up, Tom. I hope you can live as colorful a life as I do.
6.Unexpectedly the weather turned out pretty nice that day.
重点句型
句式
仿写
1.not...but...不是……而是……
(教材P15)Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”， but “How can I help today？”．
不是约翰而是他的父母已经看了这个电影。
Not John but his parents have seen the film.
2.疑问词＋to do
(教材P18)He always knows how to make wise decisions.
因为恶劣天气，我不能决定何时动身。
I can’t decide when to start because of bad weather.
单元语法
单句语法填空
1．The foreign guests followed(follow) by an interpreter came out of the hall.
2．Spoken(speak) English is different from written English in many ways.
3．The new building being constructed(construct) now is to be completed next month.
4．The letter to be posted(post) this afternoon is to my father.
5．The song, recorded(record) in the radio, sounded good at the party that night.
课件12张PPT。tocontributionsareliefrelieveearnedearned a/her livingrealityabout/overto turnhesitationmajoringmajorityareunder controlearn/make moneygive upbe determined to do sth.persuade sb. to do sth.turn outmake a differencebreak intoset upbenefit frommake one’s dream a realitycome up withcheer upkeep records ofat one pointrise to one’s feetbring...to public attentionpass awayset upunder controlmake a differencecome up withCheer upturned outNot John but his parentshave seenwhen to startfollowedSpokenbeing constructedto be postedrecorded按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束单元过关检测(二)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How late will the woman be for school?
A．About 5 minutes.
B．About 10 minutes.
C．About 15 minutes.
2.What can we learn from the dialogue?
A．Jack received an invitation.
B．Mr.Green will attend the party.
C．Mary won’t attend the party.
3.Where does this conversation probably take place?
A．Over the phone.
B．In an office.
C．In a shop.
4.What was Lisa doing when the accident happened?
A．Reading.
B．Walking.
C．Swimming.
5.Why was Peter’s manager angry?
A．Because Peter was late for work.
B．Because Peter made many typing mistakes.
C．Because Peter argued with colleagues.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why is the man late?
A．The weather is too bad.
B．There was a terrible traffic jam.
C．He went back to get his mobile phone.
7.What does the woman suggest doing?
A．Having a meal.
B．Making a call.
C．Boarding the plane.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What are the two speakers talking about?
A．Their summer holiday.
B．Their family life.
C．Their holiday plan.
9.How many people did the woman go camping with?
A．2.
B．3.
C．4.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How long hasn’t the man smoked for?
A．One week.
B．Two weeks.
C．Two months.
11．What made the man decide to give up smoking?
A．That he learnt smoking harmed his health.
B．That his wife hated it when he smoked.
C．That his wife is pregnant.
12.What does the woman think of smoking?
A．It helps people relax.
B．It harms people’s health.
C．It makes men look cool.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Where is probably David Lee now?
A．In the classroom.
B．On the playground.
C．In the library.
14.What do we know about David Lee?
A．He studies hard for a scholarship.
B．He is from a rich family.
C．He is an American.
15.What does David Lee usually do on the weekend?
A．Works in a fast food restaurant.
B．Goes to take care of some kids.
C．Teaches some kids Chinese.
16.What does the man want to do?
A．To pay a visit to China.
B．To travel with the woman.
C．To study together with David Lee.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.When did Leonardo da Vinci become a master painter?
A．In 1472.
B．In 1467.
C．In 1452.
18.Why did Leonardo da Vinci finish very few paintings?
A．He once lost interest in painting.
B．He often gave up his paintings halfway.
C．He didn’t put his whole heart into painting.
19.How many years did Leonardo da Vinci spend painting the Mona Lisa?
A．Four.
B．Six.
C．Ten.
20.What do we know about Leonardo da Vinci?
A．He preferred inventing things to painting.
B．He was before his time with his ideas.
C．He was not good at planning things.
答案：1—5.CBAAB 6—10.BAABB 11—15.CBCAC 16—20.AABAB
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：Can you take me to the No.1 Middle School? I’m five minutes late already.①
M：I’ll try. But the traffic is so busy. It will take about ten minutes more.①
(Text 2)
W：Will you attend Jack’s birthday party, Mr.Green?
M：Yes.② I received his invitation yesterday.What about you, Mary?
W：I wouldn’t miss it for anything.
(Text 3)
M：Good morning. This is Johnson at Trade Firm. Is Mr. Black there？③
W：No.He’s out.I’ll be happy to take a message.
M：Well, thanks, but I’ll give him another call later.③
(Text 4)
M：Did you see the accident, Lisa?
W：Yes. I was reading near the lake when I saw the boy fall into the lake.④
M：Did you do anything to save the boy?
W：Yes.I shouted loudly and two young visitors walking near got into the lake and pulled the boy out.
(Text 5)
W：Hi, Peter.Did you have a pleasant day at work?
M：No.I’m happy the day is over.
W：What happened? Were you late for work or did you argue with colleagues?
M：No. I made lots of typing mistakes, which made my manager very angry.⑤
(Text 6)
M：Hi, I’m sorry. I’m late. There was heavy traffic near the bridge.⑥ Cars were backed up for miles.
W：That’s OK.I tried to call your mobile phone, but you must have turned it off.Our flight has been delayed by three hours.
M：Oh, it must be because of the thunderstorm.It’s pouring outside.
W：Yes, but the weather should clear up by this evening, and at least now we’ll have time to get something to eat. I’m hungry. Let’s go to get some lunch.⑦
(Text 7)
W：Did you enjoy your time together with your family this summer？⑧
M：Yes.We went to Italy.It is such a beautiful country.Where did you spend your holiday?
W：I went camping with Mike, Tom and his sister Ann.⑨
M：Did you have a good time?
W：Not so good.There were too many people camping there.It was noisy.
M：Why didn’t you go somewhere quiet?
W：Because Ann was afraid it would be dangerous to camp alone.
M：That’s true.
(Text 8)
W：I haven’t seen you smoke for days.Have you quit?
M：Yes. I gave up smoking two weeks ago.⑩
W：What made you break this habit? Didn’t you like smoking?
M：I did like smoking.It made me relaxed and looked cool. But I can’t do it any more. Lucy is pregnant.? I want her to stay away from the secondhand smoke.
W：As a husband, you did something right. Smoking harms not only your health but also Lucy’s and your baby’s.?
M：You can’t be more right.
W：So will you smoke again after the baby is born?
M：No.I have promised I will never smoke again.
W：That’s great.We all hated it when you smoked.
M：I knew that.
(Text 9)
M：Do you know where David Lee is?
W：I came across him when he was entering the library.?
M：He studies very hard.?
W：So he does.He is from a small town in China. His family is not rich, so he wants to get a scholarship.?
M：I heard he works in his free time.Is that true?
W：Yes.He does two part-time jobs. He works in a fast food restaurant at night from Monday to Friday. He teaches some kids Chinese on the weekend.?
M：He must feel very tired.
W：I don’t think so.He seems full of energy every day.It was his dream to study in the US.He has made his dream come true, so he is happy every day.
M：It’s good to have a dream.Does he go back home during the holidays?
W：No.He works here during the holidays.
M：What a pity!
W：Why?
M：I want to pay a visit to China.? If he goes back, I can go together with him.
W：Perhaps he’ll like this idea.
(Text 10)
W：Today, I’ll talk about a great artist, Leonardo da Vinci. He was born in 1452 in the town of Vinci，? near Florence, Italy. At 15, Leonardo went to work with a famous artist. At the age of 20, he was already a master painter.? Although da Vinci was a great painter, he never gave up his interest in other subjects. For example, he drew a flying machine 400 years before the airplane was invented.? In all, da Vinci designed more than 1，000 inventions. As a matter of fact, da Vinci started many projects that he never finished. He was always more interested in planning projects than doing them. He often quickly lost interest in one project and couldn’t wait to start another. So he completed very few paintings.? Da Vinci took four years to paint the Mona Lisa.? Unfortunately, the man who ordered the painting didn’t like it and refused to pay him.However, ten years later, da Vinci sold it to the King of France.The King hung it in the Louvre Palace in Paris.Today the Mona Lisa still hangs in the Louvre, which is now a museum.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A woman was sitting by herself in a movie theatre.The movie she was about to see was a musical version(版本) of a very successful book that had sold a million copies that year.
As the woman was waiting for the movie to begin，she noticed that the theatre was very crowded but the two seats next to her were empty.
Suddenly a large man carrying a big fur coat walked down the aisle(通道) and sat down，placing the fur coat on the seat next to her.
When the lights went out，the fur coat began to move，and the woman realized it was not a coat but a large furry dog.He was sitting up in the seat，watching the movie screen with great interest.As soon as the movie started，the dog began to nod his head and beat his paws(爪) in perfect time to the music.
When the movie was over，the woman turned to the man and said，“Excuse me，sir，but I’ve never seen such a well-behaved dog in a movie theatre before.Does he often go to the movies？”
“Oh，yes，”replied the man.
“And he seemed to enjoy everything so much，”she said.“It was just amazing！”
“As a matter of fact，it surprised me，too，”said the man.“He hated the book！”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。一位妇女在电影院里发现一条狗能够欣赏电影，而且它能够应和着电影里播放的音乐。
21．What kind of movie was the woman about to see?
A．A movie about a clever dog.
B．A movie about two film-goers.
C．A musical movie based on a book.
D．A movie telling of a popular book.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，这部电影是由一本畅销书改编的音乐剧，故选C项。
22．What can we conclude from para.4?
A．The man enjoyed the movie very much.
B．The dog made noise and disturbed others.
C．The woman enjoyed the movie very much.
D．The dog was bright enough to enjoy the movie.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，这只狗会应和着电影里的音乐，说明它很聪明，能够欣赏这部电影，故选D项。
23．What did the woman do when the movie was over?
A．She communicated with the man happily.
B．She praised the man for bringing his dog.
C．She punished the dog for making noise.
D．She complained about the dog angrily.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后四段内容可知，在电影结束以后，她非常好奇地去询问那位男士这条狗是否真的能够看懂电影，他们的交流非常愉快，故选A项。
B
I visited Niagara Falls in my home country of Canada a few years ago. But this year it was time to check another large waterfall off my list. Situated between Zimbabwe and Zambia, Victoria Falls, also called Mosi-oa-Tunya, amazed me. With huge amounts of water falling over high cliffs(悬崖), it is truly a beautiful view. But I did much more than see the falls!
In Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park, there are several well-kept hiking trails(徒步步道). My friends and I hiked the 600 steps down one of the trails to the Boiling Pot. This is where the water from the falls meets high cliff walls and creates a churning(翻腾的) pool of water. After hiking back up, we cooled off in the water drops from the falls on the Knife’s Edge Bridge opposite the falls. Then we began to look for even more interesting things to do.
During seasons when the water is low, paid guides help brave visitors reach the Devil’s Pool at the top of the falls. The brave can swim to the edge and look at the churning water far below. My group, however, chose to visit a famous bridge instead.
The historic Victoria Falls Bridge crosses the Zambezi River just south of the falls at a height of 111 meters. On the bridge, we could choose many activities such as a walking tour and the world’s highest bungee jump(蹦极). We stopped for a small meal at a cafe on the Zambian side of the bridge while deciding what to do. I finally chose the Bridge Slide, beginning on the Zambian side and ending at the bridge. Holding the rope, I collected my courage and pushed off from the platform. Once in the air, I was very surprised at the feeling of flying as I slowly turned around for a wonderful view. I was glad I hadn’t kept my feet on the ground!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章是作者在莫西奥图尼亚国家公园的游记。
24．What did the author do in Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park?
A．She went on a hike.
B．She did a bungee jump.
C．She climbed high cliff walls.
D．She swam in the Devil’s Pool.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的My friends and I hiked the 600 steps down one of the trails和After hiking back up可知，作者是在莫西奥图尼亚国家公园徒步欣赏了维多利亚瀑布。
25．What is situated at the top of Victoria Falls?
A．The Boiling Pot.
B．The Devil’s Pool.
C．The Knife’s Edge Bridge.
D．The Victoria Falls Bridge.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的reach the Devil’s Pool at the top of the falls可知，位于维多利亚瀑布顶端的是魔鬼游泳池。
26．What’s the CORRECT order of the author’s trip in Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park?
a．Ride the Bridge Slide.
b．Move towards the Boiling Pot.
c．Arrive at the Victoria Falls Bridge.
d．Have a rest on the Knife’s Edge Bridge.
A．c-b-a-d B．b-a-d-c
C．b-d-c-a D．c-b-d-a
C 解析：细节理解题。由第二至第四段作者描述她游览莫西奥图尼亚国家公园的路线可知，她和朋友一行人先徒步走到煮沸锅，徒步回程的路上，在刀刃桥上感受维多利亚瀑布纷飞的水雾，接下来抵达维多利亚瀑布大桥，在那里她乘坐滑索过桥。
27．Which word can best describe the author’s experience of riding the Bridge Slide?
A．Exciting. B．Touching.
C．Frightening. D．Heartbreaking.
A 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段作者描述她乘坐滑索的心情Once in the air, I was very surprised at the feeling of flying和I was glad I hadn’t kept my feet on the ground！可知，坐滑索过桥令她十分兴奋。
C
Getting stuck in a traffic jam is one of the most boring problems for people living in big cities.The fact that you’re moving so slowly leads to stress，anger and the wish that your car could just fly over the traffic like an airplane.
Soon，however，that wish could come true.On May 8，US car-renting company Uber showed off what it described as “the transportation mode of the future：on-demand air transport”，reported ABC News.
According to Nikhil Goel，head of products for Uber Air，the company’s air taxi service may launch test flights in the US cities of Dallas and Los Angeles，as well as Dubai in the United Arab Emirates，as early as 2020.If everything goes according to plan，passengers will be able to fly to work by 2023.
When the Olympics comes to Los Angeles in 2028，Uber “expects to have hundreds，if not thousands，of its aircraft in the skies，”Goel told Newsweek.
So what would Uber’s flying vehicles be like?
They are small，electric aircrafts that take off and land vertically(垂直地)，and they give off zero emissions(排放物) and are quiet enough to operate in cities.
Just like an airplane，the vehicles will have fixed wings to help them glide.But while a helicopter has just one big fixed rotor(旋翼)，Uber’s vehicles will have multiple rotors，which will help increase efficiency(效率) while reducing emissions and noise.
Because of these fixed wings and multiple rotors，Uber’s flying taxis “should be quieter and safer than a helicopter”， reported ABC News.
However，the service still has a long way to go before it’s ready to accept passengers.For example，to avoid any potential accidents，Uber is working with NASA to study air traffic control problems associated with low flying aircraft.But just as an expert commented，“This programme is revolutionary and future-oriented(面向未来的)．”
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了美国优步公司最新研制的飞行出租车计划于2023年开始载客。它比直升机更安全、噪音更小，最重要的是，它非常环保，几乎不会对环境造成污染。
28．Uber’s flying taxis are expected to start to take passengers in ________．
A．2020 B．2023
C．2028 D．2030
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的If everything goes according to plan，passengers will be able to fly to work by 2023.可知，如果一切顺利的话，优步公司研制的飞行出租车将于2023年开始载客，故选B项。
29．How are Uber’s flying taxis different from helicopters?
A．They have one big rotor.
B．They need more fuel to fly.
C．They have fewer fixed wings.
D．They should be quieter and safer.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Uber’s flying taxis “should be quieter and safer than a helicopter”可知，优步公司研制的飞行出租车比直升机更安全、噪音更小，故选D项。
30．Which is TRUE about the flying cars according to the passage?
A．They can be as efficient as airplanes and helicopters.
B．They must grow in larger numbers in a few years.
C．They nearly do no harm to the environment.
D．They will surely help passengers avoid accidents.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的they give off zero emissions(排放物)and are quiet enough to operate in cities可知，优步公司研制的飞行出租车可以做到零排放，几乎无污染，故选C项。
31．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Uber’s plan to launch flying taxis.
B．The advantages of Uber’s flying taxis.
C．Different opinions about Uber’s flying taxis.
D．The difficulties Uber is facing in testing flying vehicles.
A 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国优步公司最新研制的飞行出租车计划于2023年开始载客，它比直升机更安全、噪音更小，最重要的是，它非常环保，几乎不会对环境造成污染，故选A项。
D
Samuel L. Clemens, also known as Mark Twain, started off his writing career(事业) in 1865 with his big hit story The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County—a story-within-a-story told to a listener by an old California miner. From that day on, the works of the great humorist always had different animals.
Some members of Twain’s literary(文学的) animals were based on real animals, such as the Clemens family’s named pet cats. Some were imaginary, like that celebrated jumping frog.
As a boy in Missouri, he got pleasure from knowing the animals of the woods; in old age, he felt a deep relationship with the animals large and small that he met in his travels. His cats, family dog, horses, donkeys, and calf also won his three daughters’ love at their Hartford home. On March 22，2018, to mark this part of Twain’s personal life, The Mark Twain House & Museum opened a new exhibition(展览), Tails of Twain: How Animals Shaped the Man & His Work. The exhibition was rich with exhibits from the museum’s collections.
The king of the animals in Twain’s world was the cat，“the only creature in heaven or earth or anywhere that don’t have to obey(听从) somebody or other, including the angels”. He was known to be the proud pet parent of 19 cats during his childhood. As an adult, the Clemens home always had a named cat. Even on vacation, the Clemens family borrowed cats from locals to live with them. Dogs were considered second-class pets, but Twain liked them. Twain once wrote an ode(颂诗) to his dead dog Burns：“She lived a quiet harmless life in Hartford...”
In true Twainism, humans were not as loved as the “Higher Animals”. Even the most low-down animal, however, was superior in Twain’s eyes to “the human race”. After all, he did write once “Of all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。马克·吐温常在其作品中以动物的善来揭露人性的恶。马克·吐温故居博物馆近来举办了一个关于他与动物的展览。
32．What can we learn about The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County?
A．It tells a story of Twain’s family pet.
B．It was written for Twain’s three daughters.
C．It made Twain pay attention to animals.
D．It was Twain’s first great success as a writer.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的started off his writing career(事业) in 1865 with his big hit story可知，《卡城名蛙》是马克·吐温的第一部巨著。
33．What’s the main purpose of the new exhibition?
A．To introduce how Twain spent his childhood.
B．To exhibit some of Twain’s best-sellers.
C．To show Twain’s different hobbies.
D．To show Twain’s love for animals.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的As a boy in Missouri, he got pleasure...also won his three daughters’ love at their Hartford home.和to mark this part of Twain’s personal life可知，该展览是为了展示马克·吐温对动物的喜爱。
34．What was Twain’s favorite animal?
A．The dog. B．The cat.
C．The frog. D．The horse.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的The king of the animals in Twain’s world was the cat可知，马克·吐温最喜欢的动物当属猫。
35．What does the underlined word “superior” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Richer. B．Better.
C．Quieter. D．Stronger.
B 解析：词义猜测题。由最后一段中的In true Twainism, humans were not as loved as the “Higher Animals”．和he did write once “Of all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel.”可知，在马克·吐温眼里，即使是最卑劣的动物都比人类好得多。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We achieve our goals one step at a time，doing a little each day.So，starting your day on the right foot is most important.36.________
Get up an hour early.
People who get up early in the morning have a jump on the day.In American English，we like to say，“The early bird gets the worm.”37.________ This expression means that people who rise early have a head start and，therefore，are more likely to succeed.
Don’t answer e-mails or jump into social media as soon as you get up.
We’ve all done it.You see a Facebook post from a friend you haven’t seen for a long time.He is angry about some political issues and the heated discussion pulls you in.38.________ You hurry out the door so as not to be late for work.This is not the best way to start your day.
Exercise!
Physical fitness experts and trainers often suggest some form of exercise in the morning because the middle of the day is a busy time for most people.By the day’s end，you may not have the time or energy to exercise.39.________
Think about your day at night.
Take time at the end of the day to think back on all the things that have happened.40.________ It may help you to prepare if you take a few minutes to think about what you need to do the next day.
A．Before you know it，an hour has passed.
B．Here，if you’re a bird，the worm is the reward.
C．And spend a little time to think about tomorrow.
D．Here are four ideas on how to start your day off right.
E．Avoid jumping into social media as soon as you get up.
F．Exercising in the morning prevents that from happening.
G．In fact，the morning may be the most productive part of your day.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。作者就“如何正确开始每一天”这一问题，给出了四条建议。
36．D 解析： 根据设空处前的So，starting your day on the right foot is most important.和下文的四条建议可知，设空处承上启下，故选D项(下面是如何正确开始新一天的四条建议)。
37．B 解析：根据设空处前的The early bird gets the worm.及下文的This expression可知，设空处仍是关于这句俗语的内容。关键词为bird。故选B项。
38．A 解析：根据设空处前的He is angry about some political issues and the heated discussion pulls you in.和设空处后的You hurry out the door so as not to be late for work.可知，设空处是说早晨起来浏览社交媒体的后果：在你意识到之前，时间已经过去了很久。故选A项。
39．F 解析：本段标题Exercise！和设空处前的By the day’s end，you may not have the time or energy to exercise.对应F项中的关键词Exercising和that。故选F项。
40．C 解析：设空处后的take a few minutes to think about what you need to do the next day对应C项中的spend a little time to think about tomorrow。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Our teen has probably taught us a lot about sports，fashion，or whatever hobby she’s into，so we think daughters can be pretty inspiring.Six years ago，when a mother enrolled(报名) her 7-year-old daughter，Rachel，in 41 classes，she never imagined creating the next Serena Williams.
The twice-weekly lessons，which had been 42 by Rachel’s school teacher as a way to help the girl adapt to the school，seemed 43 in the first few months.Actually，she was having regular failures in the classroom and her grades were falling.The unknown factor behind the behavior—her 44 ，a problem she had in common with her mother，Gabi Rose.Rachel，a second-grader，was so 45 that she bought her clothes in the adult women’s department； 46 ，her mother weighed nearly 260 pounds.
At first Rachel was the 47 player on the court and regularly broke into tears.But with her mom on the sidelines，shouting 48 ，she gradually stopped being afraid of her lessons.“I started to hit more and to 49 what the coaches said，”Rachel says.Best of all，she lost weight—50 pounds in all.
Most of Rachel’s teammates were enrolled in the class because they had parents who were tennis 50 ．Her own mother，Gabi，on the other hand，had never cared about tennis or even watched a game.But she was soon 51 by her daughter’s success.“Tennis 52 Rachel so completely that I decided I should learn，”she says.“I joined a 53 class and ended up liking it.”Before long her 54 and the other three children took up the game，and the family began spending Saturdays on the court.
Now 130 pounds，Gabi plays tennis every week，and Rachel，the seventh-grade student，now 55 with a college-level tennis team.
Gabi says：“My daughter brought out my inner athlete.”
【解题导语】 本文为一篇记叙文。Rachel和母亲Gabi都很胖，母亲给女儿报名参加了网球课程培训。在母亲的鼓励下，Rachel逐步获得成功，同时也激发了母亲在内的家人对体育的热情。
41．A.football B．tennis
C．arts D．law
B 解析：句意：六年前，当一位母亲给她7岁的女儿Rachel报名参加网球课程的时候，她从来没想到要创造出下一个Serena Williams。根据下文倒数第二段“Gabi plays tennis every week”可知，此处指Rachel上的是网球课。故答案选B。
42．A.suggested B．studied
C．realized D．produced
A 解析：句意：这个每周两次的课程，是Rachel的老师提出的建议，目的是想帮助这个女孩去适应学校生活，但在前几个月看起来好像没什么用。A项意为“建议”；B项意为“研究”；C项意为“实现，意识到”；D项意为“制造，生产”。根据语境可知，答案选A。
43．A.important B．necessary
C．useful D．useless
D 解析：A项意为“重要的”；B项意为“必要的”；C项意为“有用的”；D项意为“没用的”。根据下文“...regular failures...were falling”可知，这些课程一开始对她(Rachel)没什么作用。故答案选D。
44．A.sight B．height
C．weight D．study
C 解析：句意：和母亲Gabi Rose一样，她的体重也是个问题(即肥胖)。根据第二段最后一句的“her mother weighed nearly 260 pounds”可知，此处应用weight一词。故答案选C。
45．A.beautiful B．heavy
C．busy D．gentle
B 解析：句意：二年级的Rachel如此胖以至于她只能去成年妇女店里买衣服穿。由上文可知，她很胖，因此应用heavy一词。故答案选B。
46．A.honestly B．generally
C．rarely D．similarly
D 解析：与此类似，她的母亲体重接近260磅。A项意为“诚实地”；B项意为“一般地”；C项意为“罕见地”；D项意为“类似地”。根据第二段第三句“in common with”可知，此处表示类似的情况。故答案选D。
47．A.smartest B．best
C．slowest D．greatest
C 解析：句意：一开始，Rachel是场上最慢的选手，经常会哭。根据上文内容可知，她很胖，所以运动起来应该是很慢。故答案选C。
48．A.noise B．complaint
C．disappointment D．encouragement
D 解析：句意：但是有母亲在场地周围，喊着那些鼓励的话，她逐渐不再害怕这些课程。A项意为“噪音”；B项意为“抱怨”；C项意为“失望”；D项意为“鼓励”，根据上下文语境可知，她一开始害怕这些课程，总是哭，后来不再害怕，所以母亲应该是给了她鼓励。故答案选D。
49．A.follow B．speak
C．refuse D．accept
A 解析：句意：我听从教练的话，开始多加练习。follow意为“听从，遵循”之意，符合语意。注意本题不要误选D项，accept意为“接受，承认”，指的是她承认教练说得对，不一定按照教练说的去做。不符合语境。故答案选A。
50．A.coaches B．lovers
C．teachers D．bosses
B 解析：句意：Rachel的大部分队友的父母都是网球爱好者。而她的母亲却从来不关注网球甚至连看都不看。A项意为“教练”；B项意为“热爱者，爱好者”；C项意为“老师”；D项意为“老板”。根据上下文语意可知，答案应选B。
51．A.cheated B．required
C．inspired D．destroyed
C 解析：句意：但很快她被女儿的成功所激励。A项意为“欺骗”；B项意为“要求”；C项意为“鼓励，激励”；D项意为“破坏，毁坏”。根据下句句意及文章首句可知，是女儿激励了她对网球的热情。故答案选C。
52．A.surprised B．changed
C．frightened D．educated
B 解析：句意：网球彻底改变了Rachel，以至于我也决定去学习打网球。根据上文内容可知，Rachel一开始害怕网球课程，后来很成功，一开始很胖，后来因为打网球，也解决了体重问题。因此网球“改变”了她。故答案选B。
53．A.beginner B．super
C．senior D．advanced
A 解析：句意：我参加了初级班，最后我喜欢上了它(网球)。根据上文内容可知，Rachel母亲原来对网球没有兴趣，一点也不了解，因此参加的只能是“初级者”的课程。故答案选A。
54．A.friends B．classmates
C．husband D．relatives
C 解析：句意：不久后，她的丈夫和另外三个孩子也参加进来，从此这一家人周六就都在球场上度过了。根据句意可知，这一家人应该是“她，丈夫和孩子”，故此处应指的是她的丈夫。故答案选C。
55．A.lives B．works
C．learns D．competes
D 解析：句意：Gabi每周都会打网球，现在体重已经减到了130磅。现在七年级的Rachel与一个大学水平的网球队比赛。根据语意可知，答案应选D项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chopsticks play 56.____________ important role in Chinese food culture.Chopsticks are called“kuaizi”in Chinese and were called“zhu”in ancient times.Chinese people have been using kuaizi as one of the main 57.____________(tool) for eating for about 3，000 years.
It 58.____________(record) in Shiji by Sima Qian that Zhou，the last king of the Shang Dynasty, used ivory chopsticks.Experts believe the history of wood or bamboo chopsticks can date back about 1，000 years 59.____________(early) than ivory chopsticks.Gold and silver chopsticks became popular in the Tang Dynasty.It was believed 60.____________ silver chopsticks could detect poisons in food.
Chopsticks can be classified into five groups 61.____________(base) on the materials used to make them，such as wood，metal，bone，stone and compound chopsticks.Bamboo chopsticks 62.____________(be) the most popular ones used in Chinese homes.
There are a few things 63.___________(avoid) when using chopsticks.Chinese people usually don’t beat their bowls while eating，since the behaviour used to be practised by beggars.Also they don’t insert chopsticks in a bowl upright because it is a custom used in sacrifice.64.____________ addition，it is a common custom to allow elders to take up their chopsticks first.
If you are 65.____________(true)interested in chopsticks，you may want to visit the Kuaizi Museum in Shanghai.The museum has collected over 2，000 pairs of chopsticks.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国筷子的历史、分类以及使用筷子时的注意事项。
56．an 解析：play an important role in为固定搭配，意为“在……中起重要作用”。故填an。
57．tools 解析：tool为可数名词，one of后接可数名词复数，所以此处应用复数形式。故填tools。
58．was recorded 解析：It is/was recorded that...为固定句型，因动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时。故填was recorded。
59．earlier 解析：根据语境和空后的than可知应用比较级。故填earlier。
60．that 解析：It is/was believed that...固定句型，意为“人们认为……”。故填that。
61．based 解析：本句已有谓语，所以设空处应用非谓语动词，base与其所修饰的five groups之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填based。
62．are 解析：此处是说竹筷是中国家庭中最受欢迎的，所以应用一般现在时，且主语Bamboo chopsticks为复数，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
63．to avoid 解析：在there be句型中，作定语的不定式可用主动形式表示被动含义。故填to avoid。
64．In 解析：in addition为固定搭配，意为“另外”。故填In。
65．truly 解析：修饰形容词interested表示“确实”，应用副词truly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你班即将举行英语晚会，你想邀请外教Jill Robbins参加。请给她写封邮件，内容包括：
1．真诚邀请；
2．介绍内容；
3．赴约时间。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Miss Jill Robbins，
I’m writing to give you a sincere invitation.________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Miss Jill Robbins,
I’m writing to give you a sincere invitation. In order to improve our English and enjoy ourselves，we have decided to hold an English evening party.I’m honoured to invite you to our party, where you will enjoy English songs and dances.We will be very happy if you can come and join us in the singing and dancing.
The party is to start at 8 p．m. tomorrow in the conference hall.If it is convenient for you, I’ll pick you up at 7：30 tomorrow evening at the school gate.I am sure you will have a good time then! We hope for your coming whole-heartedly.
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
He met her at a party.She was so outstanding, with many boys around her, while he was so ordinary, with nobody paying attention to him.
At the end of the party, he invited her to have coffee with him.She was surprised, but out of politeness, she agreed.
They sat in a nice coffee shop.He was too nervous to say anything, and she felt uncomfortable, thinking, “Please let me go home.”
Suddenly he asked the waiter, “Would you please give me some salt? I’d like to put it in my coffee.”
Everybody stared at him.So strange! His face turned red, but, still, he put the salt in his coffee and drank it.
She asked him curiously, “Why do you have this hobby？”
He replied, “When I was a little boy, I was living near the sea.I liked playing in the sea, and I could feel the taste of the sea, just like the taste of the salty coffee. Now every time I have the salty coffee, I always think of my childhood. I miss so much my hometown and my parents who are still living there.”
While saying that he couldn’t hold back his tears.She was deeply touched.That’s his true feeling, from the bottom of his heart.A man who can speak out his homesickness must be a man who loves home, cares about home, and has responsibility for his family.
Then she also started to speak about her faraway hometown, her childhood, and her family.That was a really nice talk, also a beautiful beginning of their story.
They continued to date. She found that actually he was a man who met all her demands: he was kind-hearted, warm and careful.He was such a good person but she almost missed him!
Thanks to his salty coffee！Then the story went on just like every beautiful love story: the princess married the prince, and then they were living in happiness...And, every time she made coffee for him, she put some salt in the coffee.
Paragraph 1：
After 40 years, he passed away, leaving her a letter._________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Learning the truth while reading the letter，________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
After 40 years, he passed away, leaving her a letter. It said, “My dearest, please forgive my only lie I told you—the salty coffee.Remember the first time we dated? I was so nervous that I said salt.Actually I wanted some sugar.” He said many times he wanted to tell her the truth, but he was afraid of losing her.He also told her having her with him was his biggest happiness in his life.If he could live for a second time, he still wanted to marry her.
Paragraph 2：
Learning the truth while reading the letter, she wept, with tears down her face, making the paper totally wet.Never had she doubted it.Thinking that every time he drank the strange taste of coffee, her heart ached a lot.Her husband was such a kind-hearted and considerate man that he hid the truth for his whole life.How deeply he loved her! Someday, someone asked her, “What’s the taste of salty coffee？” “It’s sweet，” she replied.
