Unit 3 The world online
网络，一个科技发展的产物，也是信息时代的标志。它的出现改变了人们传统的思想方法，在我们的生活中给予了我们极大的帮助，同时也受到越来越多的青少年的青睐。
The Positive Effects of the Internet
The Internet has come a very long way in the past 50 years. New innovations such as integrated software and hardware have changed the way that people view and obtain information today. Millions of people worldwide are using the Internet to share information, make new associations and communicate. Individuals and businesses, from students and journalists, to consultants, programmers and corporate giants are all harnessing the power of the Internet. For many businesses, the Internet is becoming an integral(必须的) part of their operations.
Perhaps, the most important facts about the Internet are that it contains a wealth of information, which can be sent across the world almost instantly, and that it can unite people in wildly different locations as if they were next to each other. The information available is vast and varied.
The Internet gives consumers the ability to shop smarter, to find the best products at the right prices.
The Internet brings people together. People of like minds and interests can share information with one another through electronic mail and chat rooms. Mailing?list discussion groups and online conferencing allow us to gather together to work on a multitude of projects that are interesting or helpful to us. There are many school?based networks that link learners to discuss, share and examine specific subjects such as environmental concerns, science, local and global issues, or to enhance written communication skills in first or second language proficiency(精通) activities. Online education introduces unprecedented options for teaching, learning, and knowledge building. Today access to a microcomputer, modem, telephone line, and communication program offers learners and teachers the possibility of interactions that transcended the boundaries of time and space. E?mail is enabling radically new forms of worldwide human collaboration. Therefore there could be no prejudices(成见) against a person who is using the Internet.
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Warming Up
1．statistics n．(pl.) 统计数字，统计数据，统计资料
2．address vt. 探讨，解决，处理；向……说话；称呼(某人)
3．false adj. 虚假的，伪造的；错误的；
人造的
4．withdraw vi.& vt. 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；撤回；
取(款)
5．alarm vt. 使担心，使害怕，使警觉
n. 警报(器)；惊慌；闹钟
6．conference n. (大型的正式)会议，研讨会
7．explicit adj. 直言的，坦率的；清楚明白的，
易懂的
8．abundant adj.大量的，充裕的→abundance n．丰富，充裕
9．command n．命令；控制；掌握vt.命令；指挥；控制→commander n．负责人；司令官，指挥官
10．assumption n．假定，假设→assume vt.假定，假设→assumed adj.假定的；假装的
11．diverse adj.多种多样的，形形色色的→diversion n．转向；转移；偏离→diversify vt.使多样化；使变化→diversified adj.多样化的；多种多样的
12．correspond vi.通信；相一致，符合；相当于→correspondence n．来往信件；联系
13．evaluate vt.评估，评价→ evaluation n．评估，评价
14．reference n．参考，查阅；提到，谈及；介绍信，介绍人→refer vi.参考；提到；指的是
15．accuracy n．准确性；精确度→accurate adj.正确无误的；准确的，精确的
1．a variety of 各种各样的
2．keep in touch with... 与……保持联系
3．in favor of 支持
4．have an effect on 对……有影响
5．at someone’s command 受某人支配
6．communicate with... 与……交流
7．focus on 集中注意力于
8．be based on 建立在……的基础上
9．search for 寻找，寻求
10．drop out 退学，辍学；退出，脱离
11．turn to somebody/something 向……求助
1．which引导定语从句
There are two main points which must be included when we analyse the Internet.
我们对因特网进行分析的时，必须包含两个要点。
2．v.?ing形式作主语
They claim that surfing the Internet is a waste of time.
他们声称上网浪费时间。
3．与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
Without the Internet，these people would have fewer avenues to meet people.
如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。
4．that引导表语从句
One great strength of the Internet is that it provides information．
因特网的一大好处就是它能提供信息。
Scan the text and choose the best answer.
1．What aspect doesn’t the first speaker mention?
A．Weather forecasts. B．Academic research.
C．Online movie. D．Travel packages.
2．The primary use of the Internet according to a survey done in the USA is ________．
A．to advance knowledge about hobbies
B．to acquire knowledge from the information in libraries and museums
C．to communicate with experts on all sorts of topics
D．to gather information
3．What is the most important thing in building an Internet friendship?
A．Common interests. B．Appearance.
C．Age. D．Popularity.
4．According to the passage “The Internet has negative effects on our lives”， Li Lei might support the idea of ________．
A．keeping away from the Internet café
B．banning students from using the Internet
C．not searching for information on the Internet
D．getting information in traditional ways
答案：1－4.CDAD
Read the text carefully and answer the following questions.
1．What is the first source people turn to when they need information according to the first speaker?
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The Internet.
2．Why does the first speaker think the Internet is a positive tool?
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Because it is of great use to people looking for information and people can use it to build social bonds.
3．What negative effects does the Internet have on our lives according to the second speaker?
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The Internet has too much information that has not been evaluated for accuracy and it is affecting people’s private lives.
4．Why is the huge amount of false information on the Internet troublesome?
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Because we can’t always tell whether the information is true or not.
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．The main drawbacks of the Internet I will address today are that it has too much information that has not been evaluated for accuracy, and that it is transforming the way people spend their time.
本句是一个十分复杂的主从复合句。主语是The main drawbacks of the Internet; I will address today是____________；that it has too much...是表语从句；在这个表语从句中有一个定语从句that has not been evaluated for accuracy; and是____________连词，连接另一个表语从句that it is transforming the way people spend their time；在这个表语从句中，也含有一个省略了that/in which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the way。
[尝试翻译] 我今天所要谈及的因特网的主要缺点是________________________，以及它正改变人们________________。
答案：定语从句；并列；网上有太多未经核准的信息；使用时间的方式
2．In 2003, eBay, a famous website where people buy and sell things, said that 70 per cent of their problems were with people who sold things that did not exist, or who lied about the products they were selling.
本句是一个十分复杂的句子。其主干部分为eBay said that..., said 后的宾语从句含有非常复杂的成分，70 per cent of their problems were with people是主句，who sold things that did not exist是______________从
句；or 是并列连词，连接另一个定语从句who lied about the products they were selling；在这个定语从句中又含有一个定语从句they were selling。
[尝试翻译] 2003年，著名的购物网站易趣网称，该网站____________________或就所售产品________________有关。
答案：定语；70%的麻烦都与那些贩卖子虚乌有的东西；进行虚假宣传的人
THE EFFECTS OF THE INTERNET ON OUR LIVES
The Internet has positive effects on our lives
My name is Zhu Fei and I am speaking in favour of① the Internet—I believe that the Internet has positive effects on② our lives. There are two main points which must be included when we analyse the Internet. The first is its value for people who are looking for information. The second is our ability③ to relate to④ others through the Internet.
When people need information, from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic⑤ research, the Internet is now the first source⑥they turn to⑦. With the touch of a button or the click⑧ of a mouse, a student will find abundant⑨ information from the largest libraries and museums in the world at his or her command⑩.Internet users can communicate with experts on all sorts of topics?， and read articles written by people who are leaders of their fields?.
①in favour of 支持，赞成
②have positive effects on ... 对……有积极的影响
negative 消极的；否定的
③one’s ability to do sth.某人做某事的能力
④relate to 涉及
⑤academic adj.学术的
⑥source[s??s]n.来源，信息源；根源，原因
⑦they turn to 是省略了在从句中作宾语的关系代词的定语从句，修饰 the first source。
⑧click[klIk]n.(鼠标)点击；咔嗒声vi.& vt.点击；(使)发出咔嗒声
⑨abundant[?'b?nd?nt]adj.大量的，充裕的
be abundant in ...富有……，富含……
⑩command[k?'mɑ?nd]n.命令；控制；掌握 vt.命令；指挥；控制
at someone’s command 受某人支配
?communicate with sb.on/about sth.与某人交流某事
?过去分词短语written by people ...作后置定语，修饰articles; 其中who are leaders...是who 引导的定语从句，修饰people。
因特网对我们生活的影响
因特网对我们的生活有正面影响
我叫朱飞，我代表支持因特网的一方发言——我认为因特网对我们的生活有正面影响。我们对因特网进行分析时，必须包含两个要点：第一个因特网对于搜索信息的人具有的价值；第二个是我们通过因特网与他人建立联系的能力。
当人们需要信息时，无论是时事新闻、天气预报还是包价旅游和学术研究，因特网如今是很多人的首选信息源。一名学生轻按键盘或点击鼠标，就能从世界上最大的图书馆和博物馆找到大量信息加以使用。因特网使用者能与专家就各种话题进行交流，也可以阅读各个领域的领军人物所撰写的文章。
Yet, some people are sceptical?. They claim? that surfing the Internet? is a waste of time. They make the assumption? that? children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on? their school work. However, a recent survey conducted in the USA shows that 80 per cent of Internet users employ it mostly to search for answers to questions.The second most common use of the Internet, for 79 per cent of Internet users, is to find out information about hobbies.These statistics? prove that gathering information is the primary use for the Internet.
Another truly wonderful aspect of the Internet is the way people use it to build social bonds?. One of the greatest benefits of Internet friendships is that they are based on common interests, rather than appearance or age. Young people from diverse backgrounds and different countries can form friendships that will last their entire lives．What is more , people who are disabled and must stay in their homes can correspond and communicate with others around the globe who have similar interests.Without the Internet, these people would have fewer avenues to meet people．
For these reasons，I believe the Internet is a positive tool that helps make our lives better.
?sceptical adj.怀疑的 be sceptical about/of 对……怀疑
?claim[kleIm]vt.宣称， 断言；索取，认领 n．声明， 断言；索款，索赔
?surf the Internet 上网
?assumption[?'s?mp?n]n.假定，假设
?make the assumption that ...做出假设……，其中that 引导的是同位语从句，解释说明assumption (假设)的具体内容。
?focus on 集中精力于
?statistics[st?'tIstIks]n.(pl.)统计数字，统计数据，统计资料
?bond[b?nd]n.纽带，联系；债券；枷锁vt.& vi.(使)牢固结合
rather than 而不是，在句中连接两个对等的成分。
diverse[daI'v??s]adj.多种多样的，形形色色的
what is more更有甚者，更为重要的是
correspond[?k?r?'sp?nd]vi.通信；符合；相当于
correspond with ...与……通信；与……一致
globe[ɡl??b]n.世界，全球；地球仪；球体
global adj.全球的
Without the Internet，相当于由if引导的非真实条件句，所以后面用了虚拟语气，这里表示与现在事实相反。
avenue['?v?nju?]n.途径，手段；大街
have fewer avenues to do sth.做某事的途径更少
that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a positive tool；make our lives better是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，better 作宾语补足语。
然而也有人持怀疑态度。他们声称上网浪费时间。他们认为，孩子们花费太多的时间聊天、玩游戏，而不是集中精力去做功课。然而，最近在美国的一项调查显示，80%的因特网使用者上网的主要目的是寻找问题的答案。对于79%的因特网使用者来说，因特网的第二个最常见的用途是了解有关个人爱好方面的信息。这些数据证明，收集信息是人们使用因特网的首要目的。
因特网的另一个真正精彩之处是人们通过它建立社会联系。网络友谊最大的好处之一在于它们是基于共同的兴趣爱好而形成的，而非取决于人们的外貌或年龄。来自不同背景、不同国家的年轻人能在网上形成终生的友谊。 此外，身有残疾而必须待在家里的人也能(通过因特网)与全球各地趣味相投的人们通信、交流。如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。
基于这些原因，我认为因特网是一个有利的工具，可以让我们生活得更好。
The Internet has negative effects on our lives
My name is Li Lei and I will be speaking against the Internet. In my opinion, the Internet has negative effects on our lives.The main drawbacks of the Internet I will address today are that it has too much information that has not been evaluated for accuracy, and that it is transforming the way people spend their time.
Of course，access to up?to?date, accurate information is an important thing for anyone who is doing research.One great strength of the Internet is that it provides information.One great weakness of the Internet，though, is that it is difficult to know whether the information is true and accurate.The huge amount of false information on the Internet becomes more of a problem every day.This is very troublesome because we cannot always tell if the information is true or not. In 2003, eBay, a famous website where people buy and sell things, said that 70 per cent of their problems were with people who sold things that did not exist, or who lied about the products they were selling.Educators around the world complain that students are handing in papers using false information they found on the Internet.These problems do not occur as often when people use traditional reference materials，such as books，newspapers and magazines.
drawback n．缺点
address[?'dres]vt.探讨，解决，处理；向……说话；称呼(某人)
evaluate[I'v?lj?eIt]vt.评估，评价
accuracy['?kj?r?sI]n.准确性；精确度
up?to?date adj.最新的；现代的；时髦的
weakness['wi?kn?s]n.缺点，不足；弱点；虚弱，衰弱
though 在这里是副词，意思是“虽然，可是”。
“the amount of ＋不可数名词”或“the number of ＋可数名词复数”作主语时，句子谓语动词用单数形式。
false[f??ls]adj.虚假的，伪造的；错误的；人造的
on the Internet 在网络上
分数、百分数作主语时，谓语动词的数由 of 后面的名词决定。
educator['ed??keIt?(r)]n.教育工作者，教师；教育(学)家
reference['refr?ns]n.参考，查阅；提到，谈及；介绍信，介绍人
因特网对我们的生活有负面影响
我叫李蕾。我代表反方发言。在我看来，因特网对我们的生活有着负面影响。我今天所要谈及的因特网的主要缺点是网上有太多未经核准的信息，以及它正改变人们使用时间的方式。
当然，对于做研究的任何人来说，获得最新的、精确的信息是件重要的事情。因特网的一大好处就是它能提供信息。但是，因特网的一大缺点是人们很难知道这些信息是否真实和准确。因特网上大量的虚假信息已日渐成为一个问题。因为我们并不总是能够辨别因特网上的信息的真伪，这个问题很棘手。2003年，著名的购物网站易趣网称，该网站70%的麻烦都与那些贩卖子虚乌有的东西或就所售产品进行虚假宣传的人有关。世界各地的教师都抱怨，他们的学生在提交的论文中使用了在网上找到的虚假信息。当人们使用传统的参考资料，如书籍、报纸和杂志时，这些问题就不会那么经常地发生了。
Another disadvantage of the Internet is the way that it is affecting people’s private lives. Now, instead of spending time together in the evening, some families spend their time apart because one or more members are using the computer, or are in a booth at an Internet cafe.In fact, some young people spend so much time playing computer games on the Internet that they have become addicted to them.To help solve this problem，a special clinic was opened in Beijing in 2005.
One unfortunate outcome of Internet use is that it damages people’s ability to live normal lives.One university did a study about the students who had dropped out, and found that 43 per cent of them were heavy Internet users.This study shows that people who spend too much time on
the Internet tend towithdraw from the people and the world round them.
These are all negative effects the Internet has on our lives.I feel it is important for us either to limit our use of the Internet，or to learn how to handle the problems it has caused.
the way 作先行词，若后面的定语从句缺少状语，就要用that/in which 引导定语从句或者省略引导词。
booth[bu??]n.不受干扰的划定空间(如电话亭、投票间等)；临时货摊
so... that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。
become addicted to... 对……上瘾
outcome n．结果，后果
drop out 退学，辍学；退出，脱离
tend to 倾向；往往会
withdraw[wI?'dr??]vi.& vt.脱离(社会)，不与人交往；撤回；取(款)
the Internet has...是定语从句，修饰限制all negative effects。
it 为形式主语，It＋is＋形容词＋逻辑主语(for sb.)＋真正主语(to do sth.)，其中either...or ...连接两个真正主语；how to ...为“疑问词＋不定式”结构，作learn 的宾语；it has caused 为定语从句，修饰problems。
因特网的另一个缺点是它影响人们私人生活的方式。如今，有些家庭成员们晚上不是一起共度时光，而是各自分开，因为一个或更多的家庭成员在使用电脑，或者在网吧的隔间里。事实上，一些年轻人花那么多时间在网上玩电脑游戏，以至于上瘾。为了帮助解决这个问题，一家专门的诊所2005年在北京开张。
使用因特网的一个不幸的结果是它毁了人们正常生活的能力。有一所大学对辍学的学生做了一项调查，发现他们中43%的人是网迷。这项研究显示，在网上花费太多时间的人有离群避世的倾向。
这些全是因特网对我们的生活所造成的负面影响。我认为，重要的是我们要么限制使用因特网，要么学会如何解决它所引起的问题。
A卷 [学生用书P121(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
You know that Grandparents Day, taking place the Sunday after Labor Day every year, is a holiday for celebrating your parents’ parents.But how did the holiday come to be? Did it originate out of a sweet, sincere wish at heart...or was it all a giant marketing plan to sell more goods?
It is, in fact, the former when Marian McQuade first thought of the idea for the holiday, and commercialism(商业主义) was the last thing on her mind.In 1956, McQuade was trying to plan a celebration for the elderly members of her community.She made the sad discovery that many of the senior citizens in the nursing home didn’t often receive visits from their families.So she set a day to appreciate grandparents.
In any case, McQuade never wanted the holiday to be a money grab. Mother’s Day actually has a similar story; in fact, its founder wanted it discontinued in the 1920s after she saw how commercialized it had become.However, it didn’t stop card companies from getting excited about the future of a new holiday.Hallmark predicted that, by 1983, Grandparents Day would become the sixth highest card?selling holiday.But to their disappointment, it never became a commercial holiday.
Many families have much more meaningful ways of celebrating the holiday.Danielle Kirsch celebrates by trying a new activity every year with her grandmother Elsie.“This year, we’ll be painting together，” she tells RD.com.Molly Arnold’s grandmother is no longer around, yet she still finds a way to honor the holiday.Arnold is the Chief Operations Officer of the Frank and Barbara Broyles Foundation, a charity she created in memory of her grandmother, Barbara Broyles, who passed away from Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默)．
However, that the holiday is not about commercialism doesn’t mean you can’t exchange gifts.Spruce.com actually suggests that grandparents give their grandchildren gifts, especially gifts that “honor family traditions”. For example, a meaningful gift from a grandpa to his granddaughter would be actually a birthday gift, but we think it’s a perfect Grandparents Day idea too.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了“祖父母日”的由来以及庆祝方式。
1．Why did McQuade found Grandparents Day?
A．To grow her own business.
B．To realize her parents’ dream.
C．To remember her own grandparents.
D．To call on people to care for the elderly.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的McQuade was trying to plan a celebration for the elderly members of her community.可知，McQuade创立这个节日是为了鼓励人们关爱老年人。
2．What does the underlined part “a money grab” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．A way to make big money.
B．A celebration of one’s wealth.
C．A chance to give others money.
D．A deal between family members.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的its founder wanted it discontinued...she saw how commercialized it had become可知，祖父母节和母亲节一样，创立者们都不希望节日变成攫取人们钱财的商业机会。
3．Hallmark thought Grandparents Day ________．
A．wouldn’t grow popular among young people
B．would become a commercial holiday
C．would turn into a global holiday
D．wouldn’t last long
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Hallmark predicted that...sixth highest card?selling holiday.可知， Hallmark预测祖父母日将会变成全球第六大卡片销售的节日。因此Hallmark认为这个节日将会商业化。
4．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Meaningful ways of celebrating the holiday.
B．People’s attitudes towards the holiday.
C．The effort to carry out the holiday.
D．The future of the holiday.
A 解析：段落大意题。第四段的主题句为首句Many families have much more meaningful ways of celebrating the holiday.由此可知，本段主要介绍了人们以各种有意义的方式来庆祝祖父母节。
B
Welcome to Glass of Venice, the number one importer and retailer of authentic Murano Glass in the U．S. and one of the top names among Murano Glass retailers worldwide. We work directly with artisans(工匠) from Murano, Italy to bring you the unique centuries?old art rooted in tradition and skill. Every item is handcrafted with passion using ancient techniques that made Murano glassmakers world?famous since the 8th century. Now you needn’t make a trip to Murano to own an authentic piece of art as beautiful as Venice itself.
At the time of mass?produced products that carry no special meaning, Murano Glass gives you an opportunity to express your individuality. Every piece is unique.
Murano Glass is 100% handcrafted in Venice. Be a part of the centuries?old Venetian tradition!
A piece of the artisan’s heart and soul is captured in every Murano Glass creation. Crafting Murano Glass jewelry, vases, sculptures and other functional and decorative pieces is a complicated process from silica, minerals, water, and fire. Venetian artisans create masterpieces. The techniques they use are centuries old, and artisans have been trained for many years in their fathers’ and grandfathers’ workshops before they can attain revered status of the true master of the craft.
Murano Glass masters are not just artisans；they are artists. Ever since Murano glassmakers guild(同业公会) was established on this Venetian island in 1291, they have been innovating, seeking new methods of creating glass, and pushing forward to express new philosophies and artistic visions through glass. This made Murano Glass get its own art form, and it has been recognized at international expositions and top art museums and galleries worldwide. Today the famous glass masters working on Murano are first and foremost artists, and Glass of Venice is proud to offer artistic masterpieces from top Murano Glass workshops.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国最大的Murano Glass进口商和零售商及其工艺品，详细介绍了 Murano Glass 工艺品的艺术特点、工艺传承、制作原料、世界影响等。
5．What can we know about Murano Glass?
A．It is made by using modern machines.
B．Every piece is made in the U．S.
C．Every piece has a special style.
D．It was designed in the 8th century.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，每件 Murano Glass 工艺品都是独一无二的。据此可知，每件 Murano Glass 工艺品都有其特别的风格，故C项正确。
6．What were Murano Glass masters devoted to doing according to the text?
A．Exploring ways to develop the creation of glass.
B．Exporting Murano Glass to many foreign countries.
C．Building art museums to show the beauty of Murano Glass.
D．Creating a special art form to express their philosophies of life.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一至二句可知，Murano Glass 大师不仅仅是工匠，更是艺术家；他们一直在创新，寻求新的方法来创造玻璃工艺品。故A项正确。
7．What is the author’s attitude to Murano Glass masters’ works?
A．Critical. B．Admirable.
C．Cautious. D．Aggressive.
B 解析：观点态度题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国最大的 Murano Glass 进口商和零售商及其工艺品。结合文章尾句可知，今天，在 Murano 工作的著名的玻璃大师们首先是艺术家，而 Glass of Venice 则以提供顶级的 Murano Glass 制作厂制作的工艺品而自豪。据此可以判断，作者认为 Murano Glass 大师们的作品令人钦佩，故B项正确。
C
What is it that makes people laugh? More than two thousand years ago the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle defined(定义) jokes as the pleasure that results from a feeling of triumph(胜利) by showing we’re better than someone else in a certain way. According to Aristotle and many other philosophers, all jokes depend mainly on showing inferiority in another person or group of persons—that is, putting it clearly, on showing that they are worse off than ourselves. Jokes raise our good opinion of ourselves at someone else’s expense.
Showing how much better than other people we are is only one reason we like jokes. Someone may also use a joke to express their anger or their cruelty or any other kind of action that is not acceptable to us. We feel free to laugh when we hear about someone sliding on a banana skin. The joke lets us express those attitudes which are usually unacceptable to society. This is probably the reason why some of the jokes, especially those involving cruelty, are so popular with certain people.
Besides, all jokes depend on our enjoyment of laughing at something that is strange and out of place because it’s different from things which are happening around it. The same situation can be either sad or pleasant, depending entirely on how strange and out of place it is. If a girl in a bathing suit falls into a swimming pool, we don’t laugh because nothing unusual has happened. But if a man in a smart suit falls in, the situation is at once unusual in a pleasant way and we laugh. A good joke?teller will always try to build up a situation in which one thing is expected until something unexpected suddenly happens，and so we laugh.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，探讨了笑话的问题。
8．According to Aristotle, all jokes depend mainly on ________．
A．showing inferiority in another person or group
B．resulting in a sense of success
C．having a good opinion of other people
D．making people laugh unexpectedly
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“According to Aristotle and many other philosophers, all jokes depend mainly on showing inferiority in another person or group of persons...”可知，笑话是依赖于展示出另外一个人或群体的自卑。
9．The underlined word “inferiority”(in Paragraph 1) means “________”．
A．something that is not as good as something else
B．something that is better than something else
C．someone that is as good as someone else
D．someone that is better than someone else
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据破折号后的“that is, putting it clearly, on showing that they are worse off than ourselves”可知，inferiority与worse off是同义词，故答案为A项。
10．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A．Showing we are better than other people is the only one reason we like jokes.
B．When people are angry，they would like to hear jokes.
C．People who like jokes are usually cruel.
D．To express those attitudes usually unacceptable to society is one of the reasons why we like jokes.
D 解析：段落大意题。由第二段第二句“Someone may also use a joke to ...is not acceptable to us.”以及第四、五句“The joke lets us express those attitudes...with certain people.”可以得知，利用笑话表达别人不喜欢接受的态度是较好的方式，因此这也是我们喜欢笑话的原因之一。
11．What will a good joke?teller always try to do?
A．Make a sad situation into a pleasant one.
B．Make different things happen at the same time.
C．Make an unexpected thing happen in an expected situation.
D．Make people laugh at something unusual and out of place.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句“A good joke?teller will always try to build up a situation in which one thing is expected until something unexpected suddenly happens，and so we laugh.”可知，C项正确。
七选五
A cobra(眼镜蛇) was set free on September 10 in a park in Xiangtan, South China’s Hunan Province. 1.________ And they began hunting for the deadly creature to try to prevent it from hurting anyone.
In the name of mercy, some people free captive(被捕获的) animals, including foreign species, mostly bought from pet shops or markets. 2.________Last April, someone freed hundreds of foxes and raccoon dogs in a Beijing suburb, causing economic losses to animal farmers and endangering the safety of local residents.
3.________Besides, today people are increasingly aware of the importance of environmental protection and biodiversity. But it is necessary to ensure that acts of freeing captive animals do not violate laws or harm the interests of the public. 4.________
In order to regulate the release of captive animals, the government revised the law on wildlife conservation in 2016. According to the updated regulations, no individual or organization should harm the public interest by freeing captive animals. 5.________
A．And any creatures set free should be local species that have no threat to local biodiversity.
B．However, their warm?hearted kindness often causes serious consequences.
C．Freeing a cobra in a park reflects the troublemaker’s ignorance of other people’s lives.
D．Such news has frequently appeared in recent years.
E．Local police immediately arrested the troublemaker.
F．Influenced by Buddhism, freeing captive animals is an act that deserves respect in China.
G．It is important to protect animals including those set free by people.
【解题导语】 近来，人们的放生行为越来越多，但是一些外来物种及危险动物的放生，会对当地物种以及人们的生命造成很大的威胁。文章对这一现象进行了分析，并提出了解决方法。
1．E 解析：上文提到一条眼镜蛇被放生，下文提到人们追捕眼镜蛇以防它伤害任何人，故空处也应表示眼镜蛇被放生后警察的行动，所以E项“当地警察立即逮捕了这个惹麻烦者”承上启下，符合语境。下句中的“they”指的是E项中的“Local police”。故选E。
2．B 解析：该句承上启下。上句说的是人们出于慈爱之心放生被捕获的动物；下文叙述的是去年四月在北京放生的一批动物对当地农民带来了严重的经济损失，并危及了当地居民的人身安全，上下文之间为转折关系，所以B项“然而，他们的好心却常常引起严重的后果”符合语境。
3．F 解析：该部分介绍了放生的原因。Besides后介绍的是一个理由：现在人们的环保意识和生物多样化意识增强；所以空处应该是另外一个理由，故F项“在中国，受佛教的影响，(人们认为)放生被捕获的动物是值得尊重的行为”符合语境。
4．C 解析：上文提到人们有必要确保放生行为不能触犯法律，不能损害公众利益，故可推知下文应就放生眼镜蛇这一例子对此进行进一步解释，故C项“在公园里放生眼镜蛇反映了这个惹是生非的人忽视了其他人的生命”符合语境。
5．A 解析：该段说的是政府对放生行为采取的措施，所以A项“放生的任何生物都必须是本地物种，这些物种对当地的生物多样性没有威胁”是对上文的进一步解释，故选A。
B卷 [学生用书P123(单独成册)]
阅读理解
The city of Angkor was the capital of the Khmer Empire from the 9th to the 15th centuries. It was founded on political and religious ideas adapted from India, and the temples of Angkor were intended as a place of worship(敬拜) for the king.
Angkor Wat was built by King Suryavarman Ⅱ in the 12th century as a vast funerary(丧葬的) temple that would hold his remains, suggesting his permanent identity with Vishnu.
During its six centuries as capital, Angkor went through many changes in architectural styles and in religion. The city of Angkor changed its god from the Hindu god Shiva to the Hindu god Vishnu, and finally to the Mahayana Buddhist goddess Avalokitesvara.
By the late 13th century，the once uncontrolled pace of Angkor’s architectural pursuits(追求) had begun to die down, and a more limited type of religion was on the rise under the growing influence of Theravada Buddhism.
At the same time, Angkor and the Khmer Empire were increasingly threatened and attacked by invading armies. By the 16th century, the golden age of Angkor was over and many of the great temples began to gradually disappear into the jungle.
From the 15th to 19th centuries, Theravada Buddhist monks cared for Angkor Wat, and it is thanks to them that the temple remains mostly safe and sound. Angkor Wat is one of the most important pilgrimage(朝圣) sites in Southeast Asia. Angkor Wat is the best preserved example of Khmer architecture in Cambodia and is so grand in design that some rank it among the Seven Wonders of the World. It appears on the Cambodian national flag, a very rare example of a flag including an image of a building.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了柬埔寨吴哥窟的兴衰历史。
1．Angkor Wat was first built to________．
A．worship the gods
B．act as a pilgrimage site
C．serve as the royal palace
D．hold the remains of a king
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，吴哥窟最初是为了保存国王的遗体而修建的。
2．Vishnu was the name of________．
A．an Indian god
B．a temple in Cambodia
C．a king of the Khmer Empire
D．a monk in ancient Cambodia
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Vishnu是一个印度神的名字。
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Angkor Wat is widely accepted as one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
B．Theravada Buddhist monks had fought against the outside invaders.
C．Angkor Wat has become a symbol of Cambodia.
D．Angkor Wat is not so important as it used to be.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知，吴哥窟的形象出现在了柬埔寨的国旗上，可见它已经成了柬埔寨的象征。
4．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．The history of Angkor Wat.
B．The protection of Angkor Wat.
C．The importance of Angkor Wat.
D．The position of Angkor Wat in Cambodian history.
A 解析：主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了柬埔寨吴哥窟的历史。
完形填空
I wasn’t prepared for the way I felt when my 18?year?old son, Dylan, left for Asia during his winter break.
I was __1__ the moment he first told my husband Michael and me that he wanted to use some of his __2__ to travel around China. We were excited for him to explore the world. We told him that __3__ was one of the best ways to spend his money and the __4__will last a lifetime.
On the morning of Dylan’s departure, he __5__ a few more things into his bag. Before he and Michael __6__ to the airport, I yelled，“Be safe, and __7__ when you arrive in Shanghai.”
That night, __8__he was flying somewhere over the Pacific Ocean, it hit me that Dylan was really on his __9__. I woke hourly, each time __10__ the clock and counting the hours before he would land the following morning. __11__ my decision to let him go alone, I prayed, and thought about all the things that could go __12__. Then I heard from him. The first text said he’d arrived. The second text said his luggage didn’t __13__ it.
Feeling anxious, I madly attempted to __14__ down his luggage. To search for the lost baggage, I persuaded him to go back to the __15__ and suggested he go to the airline’s office. My efforts __16__. All the while Dylan was texting me he was all right.
After that, there was no more __17__ about the lost luggage. I knew that he’d figure it out, and that the life lesson would be __18__．
Several days into the trip, Dylan sent a photo from Hong Kong.“I thought I could never study abroad anywhere but Europe. __19__ I could definitely do it here，” his note read.
And I was __20__．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。儿子 Dylan 十八岁时独自一人去中国度寒假，“我”和丈夫鼓励他旅行，但“我”又担心他的安全。落地时，他的行李没能送达，最后他自己解决了问题。他的独自旅行会让他终生难忘……
1．A.thrilled B．worried
C．eager D．upset
A 解析：根据下文中的“We were excited for him to explore the world.”可知，对于他主动探索世界，我们很高兴；并结合本句可以判断，他告诉“我”和“我”的丈夫说他要去中国旅游，那一刻“我”很激动。thrilled意为“兴奋的，激动的”，符合语境；worried意为“担心的”；eager意为“热切的，渴望的”；upset意为“难过的”。
2．A.caution B．savings
C．relations D．friends
B 解析：根据该句中的“the moment he first told my husband Michael and me that he wanted to use some of his ______ to travel around China”，并结合下文中的“money”可知，他要使用他自己的一些积蓄去中国旅行。saving意为“积蓄”，符合语境；caution意为“小心，谨慎”；relation意为“亲戚，关系”。
3．A.travelling B．learning
C．driving D．purchasing
A 解析：根据上文中的“travel around China”，并结合空后的“was one of the best ways to spend his money”可知，我们告诉他，旅行是使用他的钱的最好方式之一。travel意为“旅行”，符合语境；learn 意为“学习”；drive意为“驾驶”；purchase意为“购买”。
4．A.costs B．virtues
C．items D．memories
D 解析：根据语境可知，旅行是使用他的钱的最好方式之一，而且记忆将持续终生。memory意为“记忆”，符合语境；cost意为“花费，费用”；virtue 意为“美德”；item意为“项目”。
5．A.put B．stuck
C．reached D．knocked
A 解析：根据语境可知，在Dylan离开的那天早晨，他将更多的东西放进包里。put...into意为“将……放进”，故A项正确；stick意为“贴”；reach意为“到达”；knock意为“敲，击”。
6．A.took off B．saw off
C．pulled away D．moved on
C 解析：根据该句中的“Before he and Michael______to the airport，”，并结合语境可知，丈夫Michael 和儿子一起驾车去机场。pull away意为“开走”，符合语境；take off意为“起飞，脱掉”；see off意为“给……送行”；move on意为“继续前往”。
7．A.write B．call
C．text D．email
C 解析：根据该句中的“Be safe，and ______when you arrive in Shanghai.”，并结合下文第四段倒数第二句中的“The first text”可知，“我”祝愿他一路平安，并希望他在到达上海时给“我”发短信。text意为“(用手机)给……发短信”，符合语境；write意为“书写”；call意为“(给……)打电话”；email意为“给(某人)发邮件”。
8．A.since B．though
C．after D．while
D 解析：根据该句中的“That night, ______he was flying somewhere over the Pacific Ocean”可知，那天晚上，当他飞过太平洋时，“我”突然想到，儿子真的独自一人。D项意为“当……时候”，故D项正确。
9．A.behalf B．feet
C．mind D．own
D 解析：参见上题解析。on one’s own为固定搭配，意为“独立的，独自的”，故D项正确。behalf意为“代表”；foot意为“脚”；mind意为“意见”。
10．A.mending B．checking
C．seeing D．winding
B 解析：根据该句中的“I woke hourly, each time ______ the clock and counting the hours before he would land the following morning.”可知，“我”每小时醒一次，每次都查看一下时钟。check 意为“查看，检查”，符合语境；mend意为“修补，修理”；wind意为“缠绕，迂回”。
11．A.Convincing B．Doubting
C．Admitting D．Denying
B 解析：根据空后的“my decision to let him go alone, I prayed”可知，“我”对让他独自去旅行的决定心存疑惑，不断祈祷。doubt意为“怀疑，疑惑”，符合语境；convince意为“说服，使信服”；admit意为“承认”；deny意为“否认”。
12．A.wrong B．wild
C．smooth D．bad
A 解析：根据语境可知，“我”对让他独自旅行的决定心存疑惑，不断祈祷，考虑了所有可能出错的事情。go wrong 为固定搭配，意为“出错”，故A项正确；wild意为“野生的”；smooth意为“光滑的”；bad意为“坏的”。
13．A.arrive B．make
C．manage D．deserve
B 解析：根据下文中的“Feeling anxious”，并结合空前的“The second text said his luggage didn’t ”可以判断，他的第二条短信说他的行李没有准时送达，“我”感到着急。make it为固定搭配，意为“准时到达”，故B项正确；arrive意为“到达”，为不及物动词；manage意为“设法”；deserve意为“值得”。
14．A.bring B．turn
C．settle D．track
D 解析：根据上文可知，儿子的行李没有准时送达，并结合该句中的“Feeling anxious, I madly attempted to ______ down his luggage.”可知，“我”非常着急，疯狂地追查他的行李信息。track down 为固定搭配，意为“追查，跟踪”，符合语境，故D项正确；bring down 意为“减少，击败”；turn down意为“拒绝”；settle down意为“定居”。
15．A.homeland B．airport
C．supermarket D．car
B 解析：根据空后的“and suggested he go to the airline’s office”可知，“我”建议他去航空公司的办公室。据此可以判断，“我”劝说他回到机场。airport意为“机场”；homeland意为“祖国”；supermarket意为“超市”；car意为“汽车”。
16．A.failed B．worked
C．paid D．lost
A 解析：根据空后一句“All the while Dylan was texting me he was all right.”可知，Dylan用短信告诉“我”，他一切都好。据此可知，他会自己解决好行李问题，由此可以判断，“我”的努力没有起作用。fail意为“失败”，符合语境，故A项正确。
17．A.presentation B．talk
C．appearance D．rumor
B 解析：根据下文中的“I knew that he’d figure it out” 可知，“我”知道他会自己解决好行李问题。据此可以判断，在此之后就没有关于行李问题的讨论了。talk意为“讨论”，符合语境，故B项正确；presentation意为“显示，报告”；appearance意为“出现，显露，露面”；rumor意为“谣言”。
18．A.awful B．unbearable
C．deep D．worthless
C 解析：根据空前的“I knew that he’d figure it out, and that the life lesson would be”，并结合儿子独自旅行时自己解决行李丢失的问题可知，“我”知道这一人生课程会是非常深刻的。deep意为“深刻的”，符合语境；awful意为“糟糕的，可怕的”；unbearable意为“难以忍受的”；worthless意为“无价值的”。
19．A.Or B．So
C．And D．But
D 解析：空前一句说，他本以为除了欧洲以外他决不去国外任何地方学习；空后一句说，他很明确他会在中国学习。根据空处前后的句意可知，两句间为转折关系，故D项正确。
20．A.in despair B．at a loss
C．at peace D．in reality
C 解析：根据上文可知，数天后Dylan 从香港发来了照片，并考虑在那里留学。据此可以判断，得到此消息后，“我”平静了下来。at peace意为“处于平静状态”，符合语境；in despair 意为“在绝望中”；at a loss意为“不知所措”；in reality意为“事实上”。
语法填空
Whales look like fish and swim like fish. But they aren’t fish at all. They are mammals.
Whales can’t stay in the 1.____________ (deep) of the sea all the time as fish do. They have to come up for air from time to time. They breathe through blowholes at the top of their heads. When their warm breath hits the much 2.____________ (cold) air outside, it makes a cloud of mist 3.____________(call) a “spout(水柱)”. You can spot a whale by its spout.
Fish can’t make sounds but whales can. They make sounds 4.____________ (communicate) with each other.
5．____________ biggest whale of all is the blue whale. It is 6.____________ (absolute) huge.It can be 110 feet long and weigh more than 150 tons. That’s more than ten buses put together!
Finding food is a simple matter for blue whales. They just swim along 7.____________ their huge mouths open, and thousands of tiny sea creatures flow in. But blue whales have no teeth. Instead, they have strings of hardened skin like our fingernails, 8.____________ hang from the roof of the mouth. This hardened skin 9.____________ (use) as a strainer(过滤器) to let out the water while 10.____________(hold) back the trapped sea creatures.
1．depths 解析：考查名词。the depths of the sea意为“海洋深处”。
2．colder 解析：考查形容词比较级。由语境可知，外面的空气比鲸鱼呼出的气冷，且其前有much修饰，故填colder。
3．called 解析：考查过去分词作定语的用法。a cloud of mist后跟后置定语，call与a cloud of mist之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且call所表示的动作已发生，故填called。
4．to communicate 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。鲸鱼们发出声音的目的是彼此交流，故填to communicate。
5．The 解析：考查定冠词。形容词最高级前面要用定冠词，故填The。
6．absolutely 解析：考查副词。设空处修饰形容词huge，故填副词absolutely。
7．with 解析：考查介词。此处是with复合结构作状语。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明strings of hardened skin，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．is used 解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态。由语境可知，此处用一般现在时，又因skin与use之间是被动关系，故填is used。
10．holding 解析：考查动词?ing形式作状语的用法。while与设空处构成“连词＋分词”结构，因主语This hardened skin与hold back之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填holding。
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Unit 3 The world online
Unit 3 The world online
Unit 3 The world online
Unit 3 The world online
Unit 3 The world online
Unit 3 The world online
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Unit 3
The world online
教材背景搜
>
自学导引·语篇理解
自主探究·巩固新知
教材助读·解疑清障
读懂课文·破解难疑
原/文/呈/现
读/文/清/障
Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language Points
turn to 向……求助
(教材P34)When people need information, from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic research, the Internet is now the first source they turn to.
当人们需要信息时，无论是时事新闻、天气预报还是包价旅游和学术研究，因特网如今是很多人的首选信息源。
turn on 打开
turn off 关掉
turn up 调大；出现
turn down 调小；拒绝
turn out 结果是；生产，制造
turn over 翻转；移交
①The boy didn’t know who he should turn to in the dark.
在黑暗中小男孩不知该向谁求助。
②Yon can turn to the book, when you have some difficulty in dealing with your child.
当你与孩子相处有困难时，你可以参考这本书。
③Work finished, he turned off the light and went out to have a rest.
工作完之后，他关上灯，出去休息一下。
④To our surprise, the girl turned her boyfriend down．
令我们吃惊的是，女孩竟然拒绝了她的男友。
[基础练习]——用turn的相关短语填空
(1)Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
(2)When the sports hero turned up at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.
(3)To our disappointment, it turned out that the button didn’t work any more.
(4)He turned down my suggestion and turned over the business to his daughter.
[能力提升]——完成句子
(5)我主张我们每个人都应该尽最大努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。这样的话我们在有困难时就有人求助了。
I argue that every one of us should try our best to help those in need.Then we can have someone to turn to when in trouble．
abundant adj.大量的，充裕的
(教材P34)With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse, a student will find abundant information from the largest libraries and museums in the world at his or her command.
一名学生轻按键盘或点击鼠标，就能从世界上最大的图书馆和博物馆找到大量信息加以使用。
(1)be abundant in 富有……；……很丰富
(2)abundance n. 丰富；充裕
in abundance 大量；充裕
①We have abundant evidence to prove his guilt.
我们有充足的证据证明他有罪。
②We should provide abundant(abundance) opportunities for well qualified staff.
我们应该为资历好的员工提供大量机会。
③There is a great abundance(abundant) of sunshine here.
这里阳光充足。
command n．命令；掌握；控制 vt.命令，指挥；控制
(教材P34)With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse, a student will find abundant information from the largest libraries and museums in the world at his or her command.
一名学生轻按键盘或点击鼠标，就能从世界上最大的图书馆和博物馆找到大量信息加以使用。
(1)command sb.to do 命令某人做……
command that sb.(should) do
命令某人做……
(2)take command of 开始指挥……
in command of 指挥，掌控
under one’s command 由某人指挥
at one’s command 某人可以自由使用(支配)
have a good command of 精通，掌握
①Having a good command of English grammar makes it easier for him to understand long sentences while reading.
精通英语语法使得他在阅读中更容易理解英语长句子。
②For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.
多年来她第一次感觉到主宰了自己的生活。
③The boss commanded all the information to be sent (send) to him right away.
＝The boss commanded that all the information (should) be sent(send) to him right away.
老板命令要把所有情报立即送给他。
command后接宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should) do”。有此用法的单词还有：一坚持(insist)；二命令(order，command)；三建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；四要求(require，request，demand，desire)。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
老师要求学生下课后交作业。
(1)The teacher commanded that the students (should) hand in their homework after class.
(2)The teacher commanded the students to hand in their homework after class.
assumption n．假定，假设
(教材P34)They make the assumption that children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work.
他们认为，孩子们花费太多的时间聊天、玩游戏，而不是集中精力去做功课。
(1)make an assumption/assumptions
认为，假定；作出臆断
make the assumption that 认为
on the assumption that 在假定……的情况下
(2)assume v. 假定，假设
assume sb./sth.to be... 假定某人/某事为……
It is assumed that... 普遍认为……
(3)assuming (that)... 假定/假设……
①People tend to make assumptions about you based on your appearance.
人往往以貌取人。
②In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.
在艺术评论中，你一定要假定艺术家的作品有隐含的信息。
③We must assume him to be (be) innocent until he is proved guilty.
尚未证实他有罪， 我们就必须假定他是清白的。
④It is assumed that the house prices will continue to go up.
人们普遍认为房价还会上涨。
It is assumed that hard work leads to great success. So we all assume him to be successful. But assuming that he isn’t that lucky, what shall we do to comfort him?
[巧学活用]——一句多译
据我所知，许多人认为他是正确的。
(1)As far as I know, a great many people assume him to be right．
(2)As far as I know, a great many people make the assumption that he is right.
(3)As far as I know, it is assumed that he is right.
correspond vi.通信；相一致，符合；相当于
(教材P34)What is more, people who are disabled and must stay in their homes can correspond and communicate with others around the globe who have similar interests.
此外，身有残疾而必须待在家里的人也能(通过因特网)与全球各地趣味相投的人们通信、交流。
(1)correspond to/with... 和……相符合/相一致
correspond to 相类似，相当
correspond with 和……通信
(2)correspondence n. 通信；关系；联系；
来往信件
①The middle school student corresponded with the Premier.
那个中学生和总理有通信联系。
②The result of the experiment didn’t correspond with/to what we had expected.
实验结果与我们所预期的不一致。
③I’m afraid his essay doesn’t exactly correspond to the teacher’s requirement.
我担心他的文章并不完全符合老师的要求。
④The old man kept a sixty?year correspondence with his foreign friends; after his death, his grandson came to deal with his correspondence(correspond)．
这位老人和他的外国友人保持了六十年的通信联系。在老人去世后，他的孙子来处理了他的信件。
address vt.探讨，处理；对……作演讲；写地址
n．地址；讲话；演讲
(教材P35)The main drawbacks of the Internet I will address today are that it has too much information that has not been evaluated for accuracy, and that it is transforming the way people spend their time.
我今天所要谈及的因特网的主要缺点是网上有太多未经核准的信息，以及它正改变人们使用时间的方式。
address oneself to... 对……发表演说；致力于，
忙着做
address sth. to sb. 向某人说某事
address sb. as... 称呼某人为……
①The next meeting will address the problem of truancy.
下次会议将着手解决学生的逃课问题。
②He is going to address(address) the meeting.
他将在大会上发表演说。
③Can you tell me your E?mail address?
能告诉我你的电子邮箱地址吗？
evaluate vt.对……评估，对……评价；对……核定
(教材P35)The main drawbacks of the Internet I will address today are that it has too much information that has not been evaluated for accuracy, and that it is transforming the way people spend their time.
我今天所要谈及的因特网的主要缺点是网上有太多未经核准的信息，以及它正改变人们使用时间的方式。
(1)evaluate...on 根据……评价某人
(2)evaluation n. 评价，估计
evaluation method 评价方法
①Project managers evaluate the performance of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
项目经理对员工表现的考核是根据他们为项目作出的贡献，而不是在上面所花的时间。
②It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated (evaluate) in terms of overall quality.
人们普遍认为应该依据整体素质来评价学生。
③Don’t evaluate a person on the basis of appearance.
不要以貌取人。
④Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation(evaluate)．
对你自己的健康做出好的选择需要合理的评估。
reference n．参考，查阅；提到，谈及；介绍信，介绍人
(教材P35)These problems do not occur as often when people use traditional reference materials, such as books, newspapers and magazines.
当人们使用传统的参考资料，如书籍、报纸和杂志时，这些问题就不会那么经常地发生了。
(1)make a/no reference to 提/不提……
(2)refer to 提到，说起；参考，查阅
refer to...as 把……称作
refer sth./sb.to... 把……提交给……；
把……委托给……
①This book is for reference only.
这本书仅供参考。
②Complete the exercises without referring to your notes.
请在不查阅笔记的情况下完成练习。
③His name was referred to in the meeting.
他的名字在会上被提到了。
drop out 退学，辍学；脱离，退出
(教材P35)One university did a study about the students who had dropped out...
有一所大学对辍学的学生做了一项调查……
drop out of 退出……
drop behind 落伍，落在……之后
drop in on 顺便拜访
drop off 让某人下车；下降，减少
①The Project Hope is designed to help those children who drop out of school because of poverty.
希望工程是打算用来帮助因贫穷而辍学的孩子的。
②The Smiths dropped_in on some old friends on their vacation trip to New York.
史密斯一家去纽约度假时拜访了一些老朋友。
③Don’t drop behind others in case you get lost.
路上别掉队，以免迷路。
alarm vt.使惊恐，使担心，使警觉
n. 惊慌；闹钟，警报(器)
(教材P37)This is an unfortunate aspect of the Internet that alarms me.
这是因特网一个不利的方面，让我感到害怕。
(1)raise/sound the alarm 发出警报
in alarm 惊慌，担心
(2)alarmed adj. 害怕的
alarming adj. 令人害怕的
①I don’t want to alarm you，but there’s a strange man.
我并不想吓着你，不过有个陌生人。
②They both jumped back in alarm.
他们两个都吓得往回一缩。
③Neighbours sounded the alarm when they smelled smoke.
邻居闻到烟味便发出了警报。
(教材P34)They make the assumption that children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work. 他们认为，孩子们花费太多的时间聊天、玩游戏，而不是集中精力去做功课。
that引导同位语从句，解释说明assumption的内容， that在从句中不作任何成分，只能起引导作用。
(1)同位语从句是对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。that引导的同位语从句常常放在 fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt等名词的后面。
(2)常用的同位语从句的句型有：
There is possibility that... 有可能……
There is a chance that... 有可能……
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
①The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. 因有太多的工作，经理提出一个建议，我们应该配备个助手。
②He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off． 他从玛丽那里得知运动会要延期举行。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。
③The news that he will come back is true.(同位语从句)
他要回来的消息是准确的。
④The news that he told me is true.(定语从句)
他告诉我的那个消息是真的。
(教材P34)What is more, people who are disabled and must stay in their homes can correspond and communicate with others around the globe who have similar interests.
此外，身有残疾而必须待在家里的人也能(通过因特网)与全球各地趣味相投的人们通信、交流。
what is more意为“更有甚者，更为重要的是”。在句中作插入语，是句子的独立成分。
that is to say 换言之，也就是说
to tell (you) the truth 说实话
judging from/by 根据……来判断
generally speaking 一般来说
believe it or not 信不信由你
①The house is a good bargain.What is more, it’s located near your office.
这房子很便宜。更重要的是，它在你办公室附近。
②To tell you the truth,I’m not so interested in the matter.
跟你说实话，我对这件事情的兴趣不大。
③Generally speaking, the climate here is quite pleasant, neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter.
总的来说，这里的气候宜人，夏天不太热，冬天也不太冷。
④Exercise helps you think better and believe it or not, it helps you sleep better and feel more relaxed.
运动有助于思考，而且，信不信由你，它还有助于睡眠，让你更好地放松自己。
(教材P34)Without the Internet, these people would have fewer avenues to meet people.
如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。
本句中“would have”是虚拟语气结构，表示与现在的事实相反的假设，without引导的介词短语表示虚拟条件，相当于if引导的虚拟条件句， “If it weren’t for the Internet, these people would have fewer avenues to meet people.”。
(1)without的这种用法既可表示与现在的事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should do)，也可表示与过去的事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。
(2)连词or/otherwise否则，词组but for 要不是……，也有类似without的用法。
①Without your help, I wouldn’t have achieved so much.
没有你的帮助，我不会取得如此大的成绩。
②But for your assistance, we could not have accomplished(accomplish) it. 要不是你的帮忙，我们是不会完成的。
③He fled away. Or/Otherwise he would have been killed.
＝He fled away.If he hadn’t fled away,he would have been killed. 他逃走了，否则，他会丧命的。
(教材P35)I feel it is important for us either to limit our use of the Internet, or to learn how to handle the problems it has caused.
我认为，重要的是我们要么限制使用因特网，要么学会如何解决它所引起的问题。
either...or...意为“或者……或者……(表示两个或两个以上的可能性或选择)”，常用来连接并列句或并列成分。
(1)either...or...连接并列主语时，其谓语动词应与邻近的那个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)either...or...；neither...nor...；not only...but also...谓语动词适用就近原则。
①When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.
那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。
②Either you or I am (be) going there tomorrow.
明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。
③Neither you nor she is(be) good at drawing.
你和她都不擅长绘画。
[学生用书P51]
品句填词
1．Australia is ____________(富有) in various wildlife.
答案：abundant
2．Each congressman has a large staff at his ____________ (命令)．
答案：command
3．We are working on the ____________(假设) that everyone invited will turn up.
答案：assumption
4．His report did not ____________ (一致) to/with what I knew.
答案：correspond
5．The government has been slow to ____________(处理) the problem of global warming.
答案：address
6．It is difficult to ____________ (评估) her as a novelist.
答案：evaluate
7．The young man ____________(取出) all his money to help those children who survived the earthquake.
答案：withdrew
8．The captain knew there was an engine fault but he didn’t want to ____________ (使害怕) the passengers.
答案：alarm
单句改错
1．He told us the truth he fell down from his bike this afternoon.
____________________
答案：truth后加that
2．I made assumption that he is a good teacher.
____________________
答案：made后加an
3．Without your help, I would failed the exam last week.
____________________
答案：would后加have
4．Either you or Master Li have repaired the meter.
____________________
答案：have→has
5．The deer often appear in abundant at this time of every year.
____________________
答案：abundant→abundance
完成句子
1．答应我，你今天晚上会来参加我们的聚会。
Give me ____________________ you will come to our party this evening.
答案：your promise that
2．我们在机场耽搁了，否则午饭前就可以到这里了。
We were delayed at the ariport.Otherwise we __________________________ here by lunch time.
答案：would have been
3．你可以在你的汤里加糖或盐。
You can add ____________________ into your soup.
答案：either sugar or salt
4．她学得很快，而且所学的全都记得。
She learns quickly, and ____________， she remembers what she has learnt.
答案：what’s more
5．信不信由你，我已经十年没见我儿子了。
____________________， I haven’t seen my son for ten years.
答案：Believe it or not
课文语法填空
Zhu Fei and Li Lei had a debate 1.____________ the advantages and disadvantages of Internet use.Zhu Fei first analyzed the value for people who are looking for 2.____________(inform)．He also mentioned the ability 3.____________(build) social bonds and form friendships.Internet friendships can be built 4.____________(base) on common interests.5.____________ the help of the Internet, the 6.____________(disability) can correspond with others around the globe who have similar interests.
But Li Lei listed the negative effects.He thinks the main drawbacks of the Internet 7.____________(be) that it has too much information that has not been evaluated for 8.____________(accurate), and that it is transforming the way people spend their time.He thinks that the huge amount of false information 9.____________(become) more of a problem.Another disadvantage of the Internet he referred to is 10.____________ it is affecting people’s private lives.
答案：1.about 2.information 3.to build 4.based 5．With 6.disabled 7.are 8.accuracy 9.becomes 10.that
A卷 [学生用书P125(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．He likes to address his wife ____________ “darling” at home.
答案：as
2．He referred to Copernicus’ statement ____________ the earth moves round the sun.
答案：that
3．Without your help, my task ____________(be) much more difficult.
答案：would have been
4．At the party there is food and drink in ____________ (abundant)．
答案：abundance
5．The teacher gave a command that all the pupils ____________(gather) at once.
答案：(should) gather
6．The whole theory rests on a wrong ____________(assume)．
答案：assumption
7．Could you please do a quick ____________(evaluate) for me?
答案：evaluation
8．The teacher has made out a list of ____________ (refer) books.
答案：reference
9．Tell the men to withdraw ____________ their new position.
答案：from
10．I had to turn ____________ the dictionary for help.
答案：to
阅读理解
Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have only been few players who were truly great.How did these players get that way—was it through training and practice, or are great players“born, not made”？ First, these players came from places that have had famous stars in the past—players that a young boy can look up to and try to imitate.In the history of soccer, only seven countries have ever won the World Cup—three from South America and four from Western Europe.There has never been a great national team—or a really great player—from North America or from Asia.Second, these players have all had years of practice in the game.Alfredo Di Stefano was the son of a soccer player, as was Pele.Most players begin playing the game at the age of three or four.
Finally, many great players come from the same kind of neighborhood—a poor, crowded area where a boy’s dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer, or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athlete or entertainer(艺人)．For example, Liverpool, which produced the Beatles, had one of the best English soccer teams in recent years.Pele practiced in the street with a “ball” made of rags.And George Best learned the tricks that made him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall(对着墙壁踢球) in the slums(贫民窟) of Belfast.
All great players have a lot in common, but that doesn’t explain why they are great.Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets, but only one became Pele.The greatest players are born with some unique quality that sets them apart from all the others.
【解题导语】 本文主要阐述了影响足球运动员成功的三大因素。
1．According to the writer, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Soccer is popular all over the world, but truly great players are few.
B．Millions of people all over the world are playing soccer, but only seven countries have ever had famous stars.
C．Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but only seven countries from South America and Western Europe have ever had great national teams.
D．Soccer is one of the most popular games all over the world, but it seems the least popular in North America and Asia.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段首句“Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have only been few players who were truly great.”可知答案为A。
2．The Brazilian streets are mentioned to show that ________．
A．famous soccer players live in slum areas
B．people in poor areas are born with some unique quality
C．children in poor areas start playing football at the age of three or four
D．a great soccer player may be born in a slum area
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“many great players come from the same kind of neighborhood—a poor, crowded area where a boy’s dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer, or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athlete or entertainer (艺人)．”可知答案为D。
3．In the last paragraph the statement“...but only one became Pele.” shows that “________”．
A．Pele is the greatest soccer player
B．the greatest players are born with some unique quality
C．Pele’s birthplace sets him apart from all the others
D．the success of a soccer player has everything to do with the family background
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“The greatest players are born with some unique quality that sets them apart from all the others.”可知答案为B。
4．The writer mentions all the factors that may affect a soccer player’s success EXCEPT ________．
A．his family background
B．his neighborhood
C．his practice
D．his character
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Second, these players have all had years of practice in the game.Alfredo Di Stefano was the son of a soccer player, as was Pele.”和第二段“Finally, many great players come from the same kind of neighborhood—a poor, crowded area where a boy’s dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer, or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athlete or entertainer(艺人)．”可知A、B、C均正确，故选D。
完形填空
Back in 1959, when I was 13, I attended a school in Brooklyn. Because of the Sabbath on Friday, we had an early__1__from school. Most of the students would go to local parks to play basketball or baseball. I always__2__myself instead in a small public library，__3__for hours before sundown, the beginning of the Sabbath.
There was a kind of__4__in that library that led me to worlds that I thought I’d never see. I was__5__to the Green Mountain Boys, to Isaac Asimov robots, to the swashbuckling novels of Thomas B. Costain and to a whole host of__6__of the mind. I found a paradise(乐园) of silence where I could__7__my inner self and find the treasures of other worlds.
__8__， after watching the current generation of teens__9__in the troubled waters of technology, I had little confidence in the__10__of the book. I felt sure that the physical object would be a thing of the past which the Twitter(推特) world had already__11__， limiting the imagination of this__12__to the few characters that they could__13__in the shortest period.
But on a Saturday in August, I was shocked into the__14__that my fears might be unnecessary.
Stony Brook University__15__a competition for teens representing local public libraries. The participation of my granddaughter, Kayla, brought it to my__16__．
In the Student Activities Center, hundreds of young people came in character costumes，__17__ready to respond to a multitude of questions about books they had read. They had spent the summer in__18__．
Imagine, an entire summer reading when they could have lazed with their smartphones and followed the president into the Twitter universe.__19__， they followed their imaginations and__20__themselves to the books. Perhaps there is hope for the word.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”与阅读之间的故事以及“我”对阅读的态度的转变。
1．A.start B．release
C．reply D．warning
B 解析：根据上文中的“Because of the Sabbath on Friday”可知，周五是安息日，故此处表示我们放学很早。release“释放”。
2．A.found B．imagined
C．amused D．noticed
A 解析：根据上文中的“Most of the students would go to local parks to play basketball or baseball.”并结合语境可知，大多数同学会去当地公园打篮球或棒球，而“我”总是发现(found)自己在一个小公共图书馆里。
3．A.dreaming B．discussing
C．reading D．struggling
C 解析：根据上文中的“in a small public library”可知，“我”在一个小公共图书馆里，故此处为在太阳下山之前阅读(reading)几个小时。
4．A.book B．quiet
C．guide D．light
B 解析：根据下文中的“my inner self and find the treasures of other worlds”可知，“我”可以在图书馆里探索内在自我，找到其他世界的珍宝。所以此处表示在这个图书馆里有一种安静(quiet)，它能带“我”到“我”认为“我”永远见不到的世界。下文中的“a paradise(乐园) of silence”也是提示。
5．A.introduced B．bound
C．persuaded D．forced
A 解析：根据语境可知，此处为“我”认识了(introduced)很多书中的人物。bind“迫使，约束”；persuade“说服，劝服”；force“逼迫”。
6．A.fights B．analyses
C．images D．adventures
D 解析：根据语境可知，此处指给“我”带来了精神上的冒险(adventures)。fight“打架”；analysis“分析”；image“形象”。
7．A.lose B．explore
C．ignore D．desert
B 解析：根据语境可知，在这片安静的乐园里，“我”可以探索(explore)内在自我，找到其他世界的珍宝。lose“遗失”；ignore“忽视”；desert“抛弃”。
8．A.However B．Moreover
C．Therefore D．Furthermore
A 解析：根据下文的描述可知上下文存在转折关系，故选However“然而”。moreover“此外”；therefore“因此”；furthermore“更有甚者”。
9．A.ruined B．drawn
C．stuck D．abused
C 解析：根据“the troubled waters of technology”可知，此处表示如今陷入技术混乱的一代青少年。stick“被难住”。ruin“毁坏”；draw“引起”；abuse“滥用”。
10．A.publication B．survival
C．substitute D．content
B 解析：根据下文尤其是下文中的“I felt sure that the physical object would be a thing of the past”可知，“我”感觉这个现实存在的物品(书)将会成为过去，故此处为“我”对书的存活(survival)抱有很少的信心。publication“出版”；substitute“代替物”；content“内容”。
11．A.destroyed B．reached
C．attracted D．overtaken
D 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示推特世界已经超越了(overtaken)这个现实存在的物品。destroy“摧毁”；reach“到达”；attract“吸引”。
12．A.librarian B．generation
C．university D．neighborhood
B 解析：根据上文中的“after watching the current generation of teens”可知，此处指把这一代(generation)青少年的想象力限制在少数几个人物身上。librarian“图书馆管理员”；university“大学”；neighborhood“邻居”。
13．A.consume B．play
C．recognize D．defeat
A 解析：此处表示这一代青少年关于这几个人物的想象力可以在最短的时间内消耗掉(consume)。play“游戏；扮演”；recognize“认出”；defeat“打败”。
14．A.hope B．promise
C．awareness D．inspiration
C 解析：根据上文中的“But on a Saturday in August”及下文中的“Stony Brook University______a competition for teens representing local public libraries.”的描述可知，此处为“我”震惊地意识(awareness)到“我”的恐惧可能是不必要的。hope“希望”；promise“许诺”；inspiration“灵感”。
15．A.proposed B．abandoned
C．delayed D．hosted
D 解析：此处表示Stony Brook大学为代表当地公共图书馆的青少年举办了(hosted)一场比赛。propose“提议”；abandon“抛弃”；delay“延误”。
16．A.attention B．memory
C．home D．childhood
A 解析：此处表示“我”的孙女Kayla的参与引起了“我”的注意(attention)。bring...to one’s attention“……引起某人的注意”。
17．A.hopefully B．enthusiastically
C．never D．physically
B 解析：根据上文可知，成百上千的学生来参加比赛，所以空处表示他们热情地(enthusiastically)准备回答与他们所读的书相关的问题。
18．A.advance B．vain
C．preparation D．presentation
C 解析：根据上文中的“respond to a multitude of questions about books they had read”及下文中的“an entire summer reading”可知，此处为他们用暑假的时间进行准备(preparation)。
19．A.Instead B．Somehow
C．Anyhow D．Unfortunately
A 解析：上文提到想象一下，他们整个夏天都在阅读，他们本可以懒散地玩智能手机，这与下文中的“他们跟随了他们的想象”形成转折，故选Instead“相反”。somehow“用某种方法，不知怎的”；anyhow“尽管如此，至少”；unfortunately“不幸地”。
20．A.delivered B．betrayed
C．devoted D．left
C 解析：上文提到，他们整个夏天都在阅读，所以选C。devote“献身，致力，倾注”。deliver“传送”；betray“背叛”；leave“留下”。
B卷 [学生用书P127(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
Petra may be the treasure of an ancient world, hidden behind a tall mountain. Its beautiful scenery makes it one of the greatest ancient sites still standing today. Common sense says “perhaps there’s nothing on the planet that looks like it”. Without a doubt, there’s nothing in the world that resembles it. The rock?carved rose?red town of Petra is filled with a mysterious charm that had been“designed to strike wonder into all who entered it”．
Petra is the legacy from the Nabataeans, a hard?working group of Arab people who settled in southern Jordan more than 2，000 years ago. Admired then because of their culture, architecture and complex dams and water channels, Petra has become a UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) world heritage site and has been listed in the New Seven Wonders of the World.
Petra is the most well?known site in Jordan located about 262 km south of Amman and 133 km north of Aqaba. The Dead Sea is 80 kilometers north of it. The steeply rising sides of a long, cool, dark and narrow gorge(峡谷) basically keep the sunlight out. Suddenly the gorge opens right into a natural square covered with Petra’s most well?known monuments, which glows in the bright sun. The ancient city shows the visitors its beautiful look. The town is large and the quality of the architecture is surprising. It leads someone to think about the creativity from the Nabataeans who made Petra their capital.
Petra was the top architectural site for more than 400 years until it was occupied by the Romans in 106 AD. It was seen first when discovered in 1812 after being lost through the 16th century for nearly 300 years! Petra has 800 monuments, including buildings, tombs, baths, halls, temples, and streets, which were mostly carved in the pretty sandstone. Petra sights are in their finest in the early morning and the late afternoon. Once the sun warms the colorful stones, you will see the majesty of Petra.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了具有悠久历史的古城佩特拉。
1．What do we know about Petra from the passage?
A．It is on the top of a mountain.
B．It was a palace for the king.
C．It is a unique site.
D．It was built by the Nabataeans in 106 AD.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Common sense says ‘perhaps there’s nothing on the planet that looks like it’．”可推断佩特拉风光的独特性，故选C。
2．Where is Petra according to the passage?
A．It is about 133 km south of Aqaba.
B．It is about 262 km north of Amman.
C．It is 80 km south of the Dead Sea.
D．It is in southeast Jordan.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The Dead Sea is 80 kilometers north of it.”可知，答案为C。
3．According to the passage, Petra was lost________．
A．in the 1500s B．in the 1600s
C．in the 1700s D．in the 1800s
A 解析：推理判断题。根据末段“It was seen first when discovered in 1812 after being lost through the 16th century for nearly 300 years！”可知，答案为A。
4．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Jordan, a Country Worth Visiting
B．Petra, Jordan’s Wonder of the World
C．The Treasure Hidden Behind a Mountain
D．Petra, the Best?Known Ancient City in the World
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段“Petra may be the treasure of an ancient world，hidden behind a tall mountain.”和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了Petra的特色，故答案为B。
B
Special Kids Therapy(治疗)(SKT) is a charitable organization devoted to improving the quality of the individuals who struggle with physical, mental or emotional disabilities.
Examples of what SKT can do：
SKT offers the families of children with special needs practical help in buying special medical equipment, such as electrically?powered wheelchairs and other communication equipment that are not covered by insurance.
SKT organizes summer camp activities for children with special needs, providing them with a chance to enjoy their summer and experience the traditional summer camp that fits their abilities.
How you can help：
SKT is an all?volunteer charitable organization, which is staffed by volunteers and depends on donations that make it possible for us to serve and help these special children.
SKT relies on people like you to help make good things happen for these special children. Your contribution is sincerely appreciated. Your donations help make children with special needs able to have alternative therapies such as the animal?assisted therapy, art & music therapy, massage therapy and water therapy. These are just a few of the many proven alternative therapies that bring joy and build self?respect of the children with special health care needs. Although these therapies are not covered by insurance, they enhance the mental, physical and emotional aspects of a child’s life.
SKT knows that your time is valuable and we appreciate your volunteer interest. There are many chances to volunteer to work with the children and their families at our events or programs.
Donations may be mailed to：
Bosse Financial
Attn：Special Kids Therapy, Inc.
PO Box 1024
Findlay, Ohio 45839
Please write checks to Special Kids Therapy
Phone：419?422?5607
Email：care@specialkidstherapy. org
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一个慈善组织SKT，并呼吁人们加入SKT帮助残疾的孩子。
5．From the passage we can know that SKT________．
A．earns very little by its alternative therapies
B．offers help to the children with disabilities
C．is partly supported by the local government
D．pays insurance for children with special needs
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“devoted to improving the quality of the individuals who struggle with physical, mental or emotional disabilities”可知，SKT是一个为残疾的孩子提供帮助的组织。
6．What can we infer from the text?
A．SKT is a non?profitable organization.
B．The disabled can ask any practical help from SKT.
C．Donations are used to pay insurance for children.
D．Families of children with special needs are all poor.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Special Kids Therapy(治疗)(SKT) is a charitable organization...disabilities.”可知，SKT是一个非营利性的组织。
7．The text is written to ________．
A．encourage families to get donations
B．tell us how children can live a normal life
C．make an introduction of the special children
D．call on people to join SKT to help disabled children
D 解析：写作意图题。根据全文可知，这篇文章介绍了SKT这个慈善组织，主要目的是呼吁人们加入SKT从而帮助残疾的孩子。
七选五
Your phone is running low on power while you are waiting to fly out of an airport.
Then you discover a public USB charging area close by. 1.________Then you take a deep breath and sit back, happy to get the power for free.
What could go wrong? Plenty.
In addition to providing an electrical current, phone charging cords can send and receive data. That free USB charging hub at an airport, hotel or any other public place may not only charge your phone. 2.________The USB charging hub could be connecting to your phone and copying your contact list, email and text messages, voice mail, photographs and videos. It can also copy passwords, banking information and any other information stored on your phone.
If you want to charge your phone while traveling, you have other choices that do not increase your risks.
Connect your phone only to electrical outlets so data transfer is not possible. 3.________It is better to use a distant wall outlet than a nearby USB charging hub.
Carry an extra, fully?charged battery. Having one means you can charge your phone without having to worry about carrying a special cord or finding a power outlet. 4.________
If you must use a public USB charging center, be sure to turn off your phone completely.
5．________But it will reduce the chances of it happening, depending on what phone you have.
A．Remember to fully charge your phone before you leave home or work.
B．It also could be transferring information to and from the device.
C．The public USB charging hub may even download programs to your phone.
D．This may or may not prevent data transfer.
E．You can charge your phone with the extra battery wherever you are.
F．An available outlet may not be as near as a USB charging hub, but the few extra steps may keep your information safe.
G．You quickly reach for a charge cord and connect your phone to the charging hub.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在飞机场候机时，给处于低电状态的手机安全充电的方法。
1．G 解析：上文说你会发现附近有一个公共的USB充电区域，空处下文提到你深吸一口气，舒服地坐好，为免费充电而高兴。所以空处应表示你把手机连接到充电口进行充电，故选G项“你很快拿到一根充电线，并把你的手机连接到充电中心”。
2．B 解析：上文说机场、酒店或其他公共场所的免费USB充电中心，不仅可以给你的手机充电，再结合空后一句可知，空处应表示USB充电中心的其他作用。B项提到它还可以把信息传入或输出设备，前后语义衔接，故选B。且B项中的also与空前一句中的not only相呼应。
3．F 解析：根据空处所在段的内容可知，本段推荐使用距离稍远的墙上的电源插座，而不用邻近的USB充电中心，这样可以保证手机信息的安全。F项说一个可用的墙上的电源插座可能不像USB充电中心那么近，但是多走几步可以保证你的信息安全，前后逻辑关系紧密，故选F。
4．E 解析：本段的主旨是携带一个额外的、充满电的电池，而E项说无论你在哪里，你都可以用这个额外的电池给手机充电，为具体描述，故选E。
5．D 解析：上文提到如果必须使用USB充电中心充电，确保手机彻底关机。下文说但这将减少发生这种情况的机会。故D项“这可能会阻止数据传输，也可能不会”符合语境。D项中的This指代关机这个行为，故选D。
短文改错
When I was young, I lived in the countryside. At that time, the trees there were very green, that left a deep impression on me and the water there was so much clear that I even could see the fish swimming. When it gets dark, the air was cooler than it in the daytime. People liked to walk out their houses to chat together. I liked to play games with my friends but ran along the village happily. As the moon rose highly in the sky, the village was lighting. When I looked up, I could see the moon and a few star. They were so close to me. It seemed that I could touch them. The life in the countryside were so wonderful.
答案：
When I was young, I lived in the countryside. At that time, the trees there were very green, left a deep impression on me and the water there was so eq \o(,\s\up0(＼)) clear that I even could see the fish swimming. When it dark, the air was cooler than in the daytime. People liked to walk out their houses to chat together. I liked to play games with my friends ran along the village happily. As the moon rose in the sky, the village was . When I looked up, I could see the moon and a few . They were so close to me. It seemed that I could touch them. The life in the countryside so wonderful.
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Unit 3 The world online
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
要点透析·讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练
Section Ⅲ Word power, Task & Project
1．lifetime n． 一生，终生；存在期
2．terminal n. 终端，终端设备；终点
adj. 末端的，末梢的
3．directory n. 目录；电话号码簿；公司名录
4．type vt. (用计算机或打字机)打字
5．web n. 网状物，网络
6．comb vt. 仔细搜索；梳理(头发)
n. 梳子
7．category n. 类别，种类
8．bunch n. 串，束
9．relevant adj. 紧密相关的，切题的；有价值
的，有意义的
10．bother vi.& vt. 花费时间、精力(做某事)；
打扰，给某人造成麻烦
11．outline n. 提纲，概要；轮廓线，略图
12．acknowledge vt. 承认，认可；感谢
13．competence n. 能力，胜任；技能，本领→compete v. 竞争，对抗→competition n．竞争，比赛，对抗→competitor n．竞争者，对手，参赛者→competitive adj. 竞争的，一心求胜的
14．inventor n. 发明者，发明家→invent vt. 发明，创造，编造→invention n. 发明，创造
15．abandon vt. 放弃；抛弃，舍弃→abandoned adj.被抛弃的；无约束的
16．appointment n. 约会，预约；任命，委任→appoint v．任命；约定→appointed adj.指定的；约定的
17．classify vt. 分类，归类→classification n．分类；类别
18．qualification n. 资格，资历→qualify vt.使具备资格；描述；[语]修饰→qualified adj.有资格的
19．specific adj. 具体的，明确的；特定的；独特的→specification n．规格；详述
20．correction n. 改正，纠正，修正→correct adj.正确的；得体的v.改正；纠正
1．be connected to 与……相连接
2．be supposed to 应该，应当
3．be likely to do 可能
4．would rather 宁愿
5．be linked to 与……连接；与……有关联
6．comb (through) something (for)
仔细搜寻
7．a bunch of 一串，一束；大量，大批
8．take sth.into consideration 把……考虑在内
9．as a general rule 通常，一般来说
10．make a difference 有影响；有区别
1．the＋比较级，the＋比较级
The more you know about Internet research, the faster you will find what you are looking for, and the better informed you will be.
你对网络搜索了解得越多，你就会越快地发现你搜寻的信息，而且你搜索到的资料就越好。
2．way后的定语从句
The way you type your key words makes a difference.
输入关键词的方式很重要。
3．祈使句＋and＋简单句
Follow these tips,and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile.
遵循这些窍门儿的话，你在网上搞研究所花的时间就更值得。
Scan the text on Page 38 and choose the best answer.
1．What does browse mean?
A．Download.
B．Upload.
C．Viewing a special page.
D．Looking at information without a specific goal.
2．What should you do if the page has a problem and you can’t wait the page to appear?
A．Back to your seat. B．Refresh.
C．Download. D．Browse.
3．What is a search engine?
A．Search any information by it.
B．Minimize the window.
C．Maximize the window.
D．Drive a car.
4．What does a home page mean?
A．The second page of a website.
B．An advertisement website.
C．The first page of a website.
D．The last page of a website.
答案：1－4.DBAC
Researching on the Internet
The Internet is the fastest growing source of information in the world today. There are, however，some things to keep in mind① when you use it to do research.Before you sit down at a computer terminal②， read this brief guide to make sure that you use the Internet in the best way possible③.
Step one：choosing a search service
Let’s start by looking at the two services you can choose between④ to assist you in⑤ your search：search engines and subject directories⑥. Both give you direct links, but the information is chosen and organized in different ways.
①keep in mind 谨记，牢记
②terminal['t??mInl]n.终端，终端设备；终点 adj.末端的，末梢的
③注意in the best way possible 中的way通常与介词in 连用，possible 作后置定语，修饰way。
④you can choose between 是定语从句，修饰the two services。
⑤assist sb. in/with sth.在……方面帮助某人
⑥directory[d?'rekt?rI]n.目录；电话号码簿；公司名录
因特网上做研究
因特网是当今世界发展速度最快的信息来源。但是，当你使用因特网做研究时，有些事项是要谨记的。在你坐在计算机终端之前，阅读这一简要指南，以确保你尽可能以最好的方式使用因特网。
步骤一：选择一种搜索服务
让我们先看看能帮助你搜索的两种可选择的搜索服务：搜索引擎和主题目录。这两者都能给你直接的链接，但是两者对信息的选择和组织方式不一样。
Search engines⑦
Search engines are a type of computer program.The links that you get⑧ are not classified⑨ by subject.These engines search the Internet for you based on the key words you type⑩ in, and choose web pages? for you which contain the words you ask for?. The contents they search have not been evaluated?. This means that the information has never been checked—it could be reliable?， true information or false? information written by a person without qualifications? or someone who does not have solid? facts.The links you obtain from the search engines? go to full articles or pages. This requires you to be? patient as you have to read the information to decide whether it is linked to? what you are researching.Examples of famous search engines are Google, Yahoo and Baidu. You can also go to the www. thesearchenginelist.com website and check their list of search engines.
Subject directories
Subject directories are built by humans.Someone has combed through pages and links and selected all those that are in the directory. The results of your search are divided into specific subject categories.You do not get the full pages to read.Instead，you get a bunch of titles of articles or pages and, sometimes，a short summary of the information they contain.You need to decide whether the information is useful to you on that basis.Most often, the information in subject directories has been evaluated, and someone has decided that the information is relevant and correct. Being relevant and correct, though, does not equal being up to date.
⑦search engine n．(因特网)搜索引擎
⑧that you get 是定语从句，修饰先行词the links。
⑨classify['kl?sIfaI]vt.分类，归类
classify by按照……进行归类
⑩type[taIp]vt.(用计算机或打字机)打字
?web[web]n.网状物，网络 web page n．网页
?which 引导定语从句，修饰web pages；其中you ask for 也是定语从句，修饰the words，引导词that/which 被省略了。
?evaluate v．评估，评价 ?reliable adj.可信的，可靠的
?false adj.虚假的，伪造的；人造的，错误的
?qualification[?kw?lIfI'keI?n]n.资格，资历
without qualifications 没有资格
?solid 本意为“固体(的)”，此处引申为“可靠的”。
?you obtain from...是定语从句，修饰the links。
?require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事
?be linked to 连接到
comb[k??m]vt.仔细搜索；梳理(头发) n．梳子
comb (through) something (for) 仔细搜寻
that引导定语从句，修饰those，that 在从句中作主语。
specific[sp?'sIfIk]adj.具体的，明确的；特定的；独特的
category['k?t?ɡ?'rI]n.类别，种类
bunch[b?nt?]n.串，束
a bunch of 一串，一束；大量，大批
whether 引导宾语从句。
on that basis在那个基础之上
on the basis of 以……为基础
relevant['rel?v?nt]adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的be relevant to 与……相关联，与……切题
动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
搜索引擎
搜索引擎是一种电脑程序。你获得的链接并没有根据主题分类。搜索引擎根据你输入的关键词在网络上为你进行搜索，并选择包含你所寻找的词语的网页。它们搜索的内容并没有经过评估。这意味着(搜索到的)信息从未被核实过——它可能是可靠、真实的信息，也可能是由没有资历的人或没有掌握确凿事实根据的人撰写的虚假信息。你从搜索引擎获得的链接指向完整的文章或页面。这就需要你有耐心，因为你必须阅读这些信息，然后判断它是否与你所做的研究有关。有名的搜索引擎有谷歌、雅虎和百度。你也可以进入www.thesearchenginelist.com网站查看所提供的搜索引擎列表。
主题目录
主题目录是由人建立的。有人已将页面和链接整个搜索了一遍，选出了所有那些列在目录中的内容。你搜索的结果会被分成特定的主题范围。你阅读的并非完整的页面。相反，你看到的只是很多文章的标题或页面的标题，有时候是它们所含信息的概要。在此基础上，你得判定这些信息对你是否有用。大多数情况下，主题目录里的信息是经过评估的，有人已经判定这些信息是相关的和正确的，不过，相关的和正确的信息并不等同于最新的信息。
Step two：searching for information
There are several things to take into considerationwhen you are searching.
1．Information gets old.Just as you might look at when a book was published, you must also check the dates of the websites you find. Many websites will say, at the bottom of the page，the date when they were last updated.Do not use information that is too old.
2．People put information on the Internet.Usually, people try to put correct information on the Internet, but not every person bothers to read over their own writing and make corrections. As a general rule, check the source of the information you find. Personal web pages are not recommended for doing research. Government pages or pages managed by organizations and companiesyou trust are much better. If you are not sure about the information you find, consult other web pages to confirm it.
3．The way you type your key words makes a difference. If you use the plus symbol‘＋’，it means the same as the word ‘and ’．You can search for ‘bird＋sparrow’ and the results of your search will only be pages that have both the words ‘bird’ and ‘sparrow’ in them.A minus symbol‘－’means the same as ‘not’， so if you want to learn about birds but you do not want any information about sparrows, you could type ‘bird－sparrow’. Then your results will be all the pages that have the word ‘bird’， but not ones that have the word ‘sparrow’.If you type ‘bird OR sparrow’， then your results will be web pages that have information about birds or sparrows.
search for 搜查，搜索
take...into consideration把……考虑在内
at the bottom of 在……的底部
not every person是部分否定，表示“不是每个人都”。
bother['b???(r)]vi.& vt. 花费时间、精力(做某事 )；打扰，给某人造成麻烦
bother to do sth.费心做某事
correction[k?'rek?n]n.改正，纠正，修正
make corrections修改
as a general rule 一般来说，通常说来
generally speaking一般说来
recommend sth.for sth./sb.为某事/某人推荐某物
过去分词短语managed by ...作后置定语，修饰pages。
consult v．查阅；咨询，请教，(与某人)商议
consult a dictionary 查词典
consult (with) sb.about sth. 咨询某人某事；与某人商议某事
you type your key words是定语从句，修饰the way。引导词that 或in which 已被省略。
make a difference 有影响，起(重要)作用
plus[pl?s]n.加号；优势，长处 prep.加；以及，和 adj.零度以上的
sparrow['sp?r??]n.麻雀
minus['maIn?s]n.减号；负号；缺点prep.减；没有，缺乏adj.零度以下的；负数的
两个that都引导定语从句，分别修饰the pages和ones。 ones作为替代词，代替前面出现的pages。
步骤二：搜索信息
当你在搜索信息时，有好几件事要考虑：
1．信息会过时。正如你可能会留意书的出版时间一样，你也必须检查你所找到的网站的日期。很多网站会在页面的底部标明他们上次更新的日期。不要使用过于陈旧的信息。
2．人们将信息放在因特网上。通常，人们试图把正确的信息放在因特网上，但并不是每一个人都会费心校对他们所写的东西并做修改。作为一项常规的做法，核查你所找到的信息的来源。不建议将个人网页作研究之用。政府网页或你信得过的机构和公司的网页要好得多。如果你对找到的信息感到不确定，查阅其他网页来确认它。
3．输入关键词的方式很重要。如果你使用符号“＋”，它的意思就与“和”一样。你可以键入“鸟＋麻雀”，你搜索的结果就是所有含有“鸟”和“麻雀”的页面。符号“－”的意思是“不是”，所以，假如你想了解鸟类但不需要任何麻雀的信息，就键入“鸟－麻雀”，那么所有显示出来的页面就会都含有“鸟”，但不包括“麻雀”。如果键入“鸟OR麻雀”，那么显示的网页既可能是关于鸟的，也可能是关于麻雀的。
Step three：using your information
Remember that someone wrote the information you have found.This means those words belong tothem.To copy the words just as you found them is not only cheating, but also illegal. Write an outline of the information you
have found.Then write your report, using your own words
and making your own decisions about what it means. When you are finished，you should always acknowledge where you got your data by attachinga list of the websites you got your information from.This way, a teacher can check them，and an interested friend can also read what you read.
Follow these tips, and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile．Happy searching！
belong to 属于，无进行时态，无被动语态。
outline['a?tlaIn]n.提纲，概要；轮廓线，略图
acknowledge[?k'n?lId?]vt.承认，认可；感谢
acknowledge ...as ...承认/公认……为……
attach vt.附上
attach sth. to sth.把某物附在某物上
you got ...是定语从句，省略的关系代词which或that 在定语从句中作from的宾语。
Follow these tips，and your ...是一个“祈使句＋and ＋简单句”的句式，句中过去分词短语spent doing research...作后置定语，修饰your time。
步骤三：使用你的信息
记住，你所找到的信息是别人写的。这就意味着，那些话是属于他们的。原样照抄这些话不仅是欺骗行为而且违法。写出你所找到的信息的概要。然后写你的报告，用自己的语言来表达，要自己判断它的意思。当你写完报告时，你总是应该附上你获取信息的网站列表，表明你所获资料的来源。这样便于老师检查，也让有兴趣的朋友阅读你所阅读过的信息。
遵循这些窍门儿的话，你在网上搞研究所花的时间就更值得。祝你搜索愉快！
stand for 代表，象征；支持；主张；容忍
(教材P38)This stands for the World Wide Web, also the first part of a web address.
这是万维网的缩写，也是网址的开头部分。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中stand for的含义
(1)With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.代表
(2)We should respect people of all faiths and stand for religious freedom.支持；主张
(3)I will not stand for behavior of that kind in my house.容忍
(4)As we know, pigeons stand for peace.象征
stand against 反对
stand by 站在旁边；旁观；支持
stand out 显眼；突出
①The olive branch stands for peace.
橄榄枝象征着和平。
②No matter what happens，I will stand by you.
无论发生什么事，我都站在你这边。
[巧学活用]——用介、副词填空
(1)After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.
(2)I don’t have to stand for such rude behavior.
(3)How can you stand by and do nothing when she needs help?
for lack of 因缺乏
(教材P41)Thomas Edison was fired from his first two jobs for lack of competence.
托马斯·爱迪生因无法胜任他最初的两份工作而被辞退。
(1)lack vt. 缺乏，没有
lack (for) nothing 没有欠缺
be lacking in... 缺乏
(2)(a) lack of 缺乏
①This area is suffering through its most severe drought in a century for lack of rainfall.
因为缺乏降雨，这个地区正在经历着一个世纪以来最严重的旱灾。
②But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship.
但是当关系缺乏信任的时候你不能成功。
③There is no lack of stories to fill the papers.
报纸有很多事可写。
④Japan is an island country which is lacking in resources.
日本是一个缺乏资源的岛国。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
因为缺钱，他的父母没让他上学。
(1)His parents didn’t send him to school because they lacked money．(lack v．)
(2)His parents didn’t send him to school because of/for lack of money．(lack n．)
(3)Lacking money,his parents didn’t send him to school.(用现在分词)
competence n．能力，胜任；技能，本领
(教材P41)Thomas Edison was fired from his first two jobs for lack of competence.
托马斯·爱迪生因无法胜任他最初的两份工作而被辞退。
competent adj. 足以胜任的；有能力的；称职的
be competent to do sth. 能胜任做某事
be competent at (doing) sth.
在某(事)方面有才干，擅长(做)某事
①Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence(能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society.
在家里或者社区里劳动的男孩子们获得了能力，逐渐感觉到他们是对社会有用的成员。
②She is a highly competent (competence) doctor.
她是一位非常有才干的医生。
③The doctors are sure that they are competent to operate(operate) on the patient.
这些医生确信他们有能力给这个病人做手术。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)首先，我坚信我能达到你们的要求。
Firstly, I hold the firm belief that I am competent to meet your requirements.
(2)谁也不怀疑她能胜任教师工作。
No one doubts her competence as a teacher．
abandon vt.放弃；抛弃，舍弃 n．尽情，放纵
(教材P41)They would not have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams.
如果他们放弃了梦想的话，他们就不会取得成功了。
(1)abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to... 沉湎于……，纵情于……
(2)with abandon 放肆地，恣意地
①We should abandon those bad habits that are harmful to our health，such as smoking and drinking.
我们应该摒弃那些对我们健康有害的坏习惯，如吸烟、喝酒等。
②My dad abandoned smoking(smoke) because of his poor health. 因为身体不好，我爸爸戒烟了。
③The young man does nothing but abandon himself to pleasure.
那位年轻人除了沉溺于玩乐什么都不做。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
感到沮丧，我发现自己沉湎于玩电脑游戏。
(1)Feeling frustrated，I found myself abandoning myself to playing computer games.(分词作状语；分词作宾补)
(2)Feeling frustrated，I found I was abandoned to playing computer games.(分词作状语；宾语从句)
appointment n．约会，预约；任命，委任
(教材P41)I think I’d better apologize to him tomorrow for not keeping the appointment.
我认为，明天我最好因违约而向他道歉。
(1)make/fix an appointment with 与某人预约
keep/break an appointment 守/违约
(2)appoint v. 任命，约定
appoint sb.as/to... 任命某人当……
appoint a time/place for sth. 约定时间/地点干某事
appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人干某事
(3)appointed adj. 指定的；约定的
①If you can’t make the official office hours, most professors are willing to make individual appointments to help you out.
如果你不能在正式上班时间约见，多数教授愿意与你个人预约来帮助你。
②She is popular with her friends, because she always keeps an appointment．
她很受朋友欢迎，因为她总是很守约。
③My sister has been appointed to the post of sales director.
＝My sister has been appointed as sales director.
我姐姐被任命为销售部经理。
④The committee appointed a day in June for celebrations.
委员会约定在六月份的某一天进行庆祝活动。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)Tom didn’t turn up at the appointed (appoint) time, that is, he broke his promise.
(2)Mr. Black is a careful and experienced engineer, so he is often appointed to finish(finish) some challenging tasks.
(3)I have an appointment (appoint) with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.
(4)Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointing to guard her. appointing→appointed
[能力提升]——句式升级
(5)(普通表达)He was appointed as captain of the basketball team and led the players to the next session of the Olympic Games.
(高级表达)Appointed as captain of the basketball team,he led the players to the next session of the Olympic Games.(过去分词短语作状语)
keep...in mind 记住；牢记
(教材P46)There are, however, some things to keep in mind when you use it to do research.
但是，当你使用因特网做研究时，有些事项是要谨记的。
bear...in mind 记住
have...in mind 心中有……，想做……
make up one’s mind 下定决心；拿定主意
change one’s mind 改变主意
①Keep in mind that it is a shame to waste food.
记住浪费食物是可耻的。
②You should bear in mind that only by working hard can you achieve success.
你应该记住：只有努力工作，才能获得成功。
③Nothing will make me change my mind．
任何事情都不能使我改变主意。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
最后但同等重要的是，你应该牢记的最重要的事情是如果你使用正确的方法并且保持良好的情绪，大部分的问题是容易的。
Last but not least, the most significant thing you should keep in mind is that most of the questions are easy if you make use of correct methods and are in good mood.
classify vt.将……分类；将……分级
(教材P46)The links that you get are not classified by subject.
你获得的链接并没有根据主题分类。
(1)classify...as... 把……归类为……
(2)classification n. 分类
(3)classified adj. 分类的
be classified into 被分为……
①Classify them according to their usage.
请根据它们的用途进行分类。
②Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as “night owls”．
调查结果表明大约20%的人可以被归为 “夜猫子” 。
③Memory can be classified(classify) into short?term and long?term memory.
记忆可分为长期记忆和短期记忆。
relevant adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的
(经典例句)Her appearance is not relevant to whether she can be a good teacher.
她的长相跟她能否当个好老师无关。
(1)be relevant to ... 和……有关
(2)relevance n. 关联；相关性
relevantly adv. 有关地；切题地
①You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting.
只要有趣味性，你可以写任何相关的东西。
②In the exams, make sure that everything you write is relevant to the questions you have been asked.
考试时， 确信你写的一切与被问的问题有关。
③What you say has no relevance(relevant) to what we’re talking about.
你说的和我们正在谈论的话题毫无关系。
表示“与……相/有关”的表达小结：
①be related to ②have sth.to do with
③be associated with ④be connected with
take... into consideration 考虑到，把……考虑在内
(教材P46)There are several things to take into consideration when you are searching.
当你在搜索信息时，有好几件事要考虑。
have consideration for others 为别人着想
be under consideration 在考虑中
give one’s careful consideration 加以慎重考虑
out of consideration for 出于对……的考虑，体谅
in consideration of 考虑到，作为……的回报
①There are the factors we must take into consideration.
这些都是我们必须考虑的因素。
②The question is now under consideration.
这个问题正在考虑之中。
③He oughtn’t to have had more consideration for others.
他应当更多地为别人考虑(他却没有这样做)。
④I decided to do everyday exercises in consideration of my health. 出于健康的原因，我决定每天做一些锻炼。
⑤Though I had made a serious mistake, they did not punish me, out of consideration for my youth.
尽管我犯了严重的错误，但考虑到我还年轻，他们没有处罚我。
bother vt.花费时间或精力(做某事)，烦扰；打扰
(教材P47)...but not every person bothers to read over their own writing and make corrections.
……但并不是每一个人都会费心校对他们所写的东西并做修改。
(1)bother sb.with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother to do sth. 费心去做某事
It bothers sb.that/to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是……
(2)put sb.to any bother 给某人添乱，使某人
苦恼
①So I have no choice but to bother you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.
因此我别无选择，只有麻烦你帮我修改一下我信后所附材料中的错误。
②The boss won’t bother to scold(scold) you if he wants to fire you.
如果老板要炒你鱿鱼，就不会费劲去责骂你。
③Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talk over what is bothering them.
有时对我的同学来说我充当了听众的角色，以便与他们详细聊一聊正在困扰他们的事情。
④I don’t want to put him to any bother,so I try doing it by myself.
我不想给他添乱，所以，我试着自己来做这件事。
annoy 强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。注重 “忍受”
bother 指不停地“扰乱”、“麻烦”，使人不能安宁，而产生烦恼的心理。注重“不停地”
disturb 打扰，扰乱，指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏，精力一时不能集中
[巧学活用]——用annoy, bother, disturb的适当形式填空
(1)You needn’t bother;_I can lock the door.
(2)These flies are annoying me.
(3)He disconnected the phone so as not to be disturbed．
acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢；给……打招呼
(教材P47)When you are finished, you should always acknowledge where you got your data by attaching a list of the websites you got your information from.
当你写完报告时，你总是应该附上你获取信息的网站列表，表明你所获资料的来源。
(1)acknowledge
It is widely/generally acknowledged that...
……是大家公认的。
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认； 感谢
①We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of everyone who helped us.
我们衷心感谢每位付出努力帮助我们的人。
②He acknowledged being defeated(defeat) in public, which made us surprised.
他公开承认被打败了，这使我们很吃惊。
③She is generally acknowledged to be(be) one of the greatest pianists in the world.
＝It is generally acknowledged that she is one of the greatest pianists in the world.
她是世界上公认的最卓越的钢琴家之一。
[巧学活用]——一句多译
正如大家所公认的，除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们不可能看到更蓝的天空。
(1)It is acknowledged that we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.(it形式主语)
(2)As is acknowledged，we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.(定语从句)
(教材P38)Before you start surfing the Internet, there are some basic words and terms that are useful for you to know.
在你开始上网之前，有一些基本的单词和术语是对你有用的，你应该知道。
句中before引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”。
(1)It will be＋时间段＋before从句(从句用一般现在时)要过多久才……
(2)It won’t be＋时间段＋before从句(从句用一般现在时)不用多久就会……
(3)It was＋时间段＋before 从句(从句用一般过去时)过了多久才……
(4)It wasn’t＋时间段＋before 从句(从句用一般过去时)没过多久就……
①Check it carefully before you hand it in.
交上来之前仔细检查一下。
②Before they reached the station, the train had gone.
他们还没到车站，火车已开走了。
③It will be many years before we meet again.
要过许多年之后我们才能再次见面。
④It was ten years before they paid off their debt.
十年之后他们才还清了债务。
before引导时间状语从句还有如下意义：
(1)还未……就……；还没来得及……就……
(2)趁……；免得……
⑤Before I could get in a word, he had measured(measure) me.
我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了。
⑥Please write the words down before you forget them.
趁你还没忘记，请把这些单词写下来。
(教材P39)It is wonderful that you are finally interested in the Internet.
你终于对因特网感兴趣了，真是好极了。
it是形式主语，that引导的从句是这个句子真正的主语。it放在句首，真正的主语放在后面，这是英语的一种常见的结构。it作形式主语的常见结构如下：
(1)It’s a pity/a shame/good news/an honour/a great satisfaction that...
(2)It’s strange/natural/surprising/true/funny/wonderful/likely/possible that...
(3)It seems/happened/suddenly struck me that...
(4)It is said/reported/announced/expected/arranged that...
(5)It is doubtful/not decided/not made clear/decided/a question＋连接代词或连接副词引导的从句
(6)It doesn’t matter/doesn’t make too much difference＋连接代词或连接副词引导的从句
①It is important that everyone should learn to get along well with others in a new environment.
在新的环境中学会和他人相处对每个人都很重要。
②It doesn’t matter to me whether she is pleased or not.
她满意与否对我而言并不重要。
③It is a great satisfaction(satisfy) that she is well again and can go to her office.
她身体又好了，可以去上班，真让人欣慰。
④It is a pity that Jane and George can’t make it to the party.
真可惜， 简和乔治不能来参加这次聚会。
⑤It is believed (believe) that it is the earliest and largest ancient paper?making workshop site ever found.
人们认为这是迄今为止发现的最早的也是最大的古代造纸作坊。
(教材P47)Follow these tips, and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile.
遵循这些窍门儿的话，你在网上搞研究所花的时间就更值得。
该句为“祈使句或名词词组＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”句型。该句型是并列句的一种固定句式。在此结构中祈使句或名词词组相当于if引导的条件状语从句；and/or/otherwise后的陈述句通常用将来时或情态动词接动词原形。
①Follow the doctor’s advice, and you’ll be better soon.
＝If you follow the doctor’s advice, you’ll be better soon.
遵从医生的建议，你不久就会好的。
②Follow the doctor’s advice, or/otherwise you’ll suffer more.
＝ If you don’t follow the doctor’s advice,you’ll suffer more.
遵从医生的建议，否则你会更痛苦。
③Another step forward and I’ll fire my gun.
再向前走一步的话，我就开枪了。
④Another step forward or I’ll fire my gun.
再向前走一步，否则我就要开枪了。
[学生用书P59]
品句填词
1．It’s necessary for you to gain a high level ____________(能力) in English.
答案：competence
2．The girl felt upset when she knew she was ____________(抛弃) by her parents.
答案：abandoned
3．She made a(n) ____________(预约) for her son to see the doctor.
答案：appointment
4．Patients are ____________(分类) into three types.
答案：classified
5．Only when you have got ____________(资格) for a doctor can you prescribe(开药方) for patients.
答案：qualification
6．Do you have ____________(相关的) experience?
答案：relevant
7．He refused to ____________(承认) failure.
答案：acknowledge
8．Time factor is what we must first take into ____________(考虑)．
答案：consideration
单句改错
1．You should turn your music down out consideration.
____________________
答案：consideration前加of
2．Many people say I will wait for you to change your minds some day.
____________________
答案：minds→mind
3．Lacking of self?confidence and maturity, many teenagers are left feeling very vulnerable(脆弱的).
____________________
答案：去掉of
4．We knew they would stand to us no matter what we’d done.
____________________
答案：to→by
5．We are sending you some money in acknowledge of your valuable help.
____________________
答案：acknowledge→acknowledgement
6．It was many years when the full story was made public.
____________________
答案：when→before
7．What is reported that two people were injured in the accident.
____________________
答案：What→It
8．It is very clear what he’s round and tall like a tree.
____________________
答案：what→that
9．Follow the teacher’s advice, you’ll progress very soon.
____________________
答案：you’ll前加and
10．Study hard, but you will fail in the exam.
____________________
答案：but→or
完成句子
1．对不起，让你等了好长时间了。但是汤姆回来还要有段时间。
I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time _________________．
答案：before Tom gets back
2．雪人是否存在仍然是个未解之谜。
____________________ whether the Yeti exists or not.
答案：It is still a mystery
3．在考试中他宁可不及格也不会作弊。
He would rather fail than cheat in the exam.
→________________________________________________________________________
→________________________________________________________________________
→________________________________________________________________________
答案：He would fail rather than cheat in the exam.; He prefers to fail rather than cheat in the exam.; He prefers failing to cheating in the exam.
4．填一下这张表，我们看看能为你做些什么。
____________________ and we will see what we can do for you.
答案：Fill out this form
5．想要在火星着陆还需要相当长的一段时间。
____________________ any landing on Mars can be attempted.
答案：It will be a long time before
课文语篇改错
The Internet is the fast growing source of information in the world at present.However, when surf on the Internet, we should keep some things at mind.
Before we search, we should choose a search service between search engines and subject directories.Making use of subject directories if we want to find something in specific subject categories.On the other hands, use search engines if we want something that is related to the topic and read the information patient.
While we are searching, we should take several things into consideration.First, check the dates of the websites we find in case they are out of the date.Second, check the source of the information we find.Choose some formal pages rather than person ones.If we are not sure about the information, use the skill called cross?checking.Third，pay attention to the way we type our words, that will save us much time.After we get we want, we should always attach a list of the sites we get our information from.Follow these tips, and our time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more rewarding.
答案：
The Internet is the growing source of information in the world at present.However, when on the Internet, we should keep some things mind.
Before we search, we should choose a search service between search engines and subject directories. use of subject directories if we want to find something in specific subject categories.On the other ， use search engines if we want something that is related to the topic and read the information .
While we are searching, we should take several things into consideration.First, check the dates of the websites we find in case they are out of eq \o(,\s\up0(＼)) date.Second, check the source of the information we find.Choose some formal pages rather than ones.If we are not sure about the information, use the skill called cross?checking.Third, pay attention to the way we type our words, will save us much time.After we get we want, we should always attach a list of the sites we get our information from.Follow these tips, and our time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more rewarding.
A卷 [学生用书P129(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．We know you are ____________ (competence) in doing this job.
答案：competent
2．One more minute, ____________ the patient would have bled to death.
答案：and
3．____________ she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.
答案：Before
4．I am sorry. I have another ____________ (appoint) this Sunday.
答案：appointment
5．It is required that the books in the library should ____________(classify) by subject.
答案：be classified
6．Some nursing experience is a necessary ____________ (qualify) for this job.
答案：qualification
7．What kind of data is most relevant ____________ the problem?
答案：to
8．They acknowledged ____________(defeat) by the team.
答案：having been defeated
9．Some comrades, however, were ____________(lack) in enthusiasm.
答案：lacking
10．You should take surroundings ____________ consideration.
答案：into
阅读理解
A
The Internet has changed our lives, and blogging is an important part of it now. Every person who uses the Internet today knows what a blog is, but have you ever wondered what exactly does the word “blog” stand for? There have been various full forms that have been suggested for blogs, but the original meaning is said to be “Weblog”．
When the Internet first began functioning, starting a new webpage was a boring process and took plenty of time. As time went by this process got easier and shorter, and pretty soon it was just a matter of a click. The history of blogging tells the story of how it has become easier and simpler to start your own webpage, and even your own website. After the term “Weblog” was coined(创造) in 1997 by Jorn Barger, it was regularly used in circles that were familiar with the Internet.
In 1999, Peter Merholz, broke down the term “Weblog” into “we blog”．This term soon became popular and blog began to be used more as a verb. To blog came to mean to create or edit your web log. By 2003 the Oxford English Dictionary had to include it in their new version. Pyra Labs created a software known as Blogger, which was later acquired by Google, and this interface(界面) made it possible for everyone with Internet access to create their own blog. All in all, it stands for the coming of new Internet technology.
Today people are completely familiar and comfortable with the term and what it represents. It is an online journal of sorts that has given millions of people around the globe an opportunity to explore their creative writing abilities. You’re free to write what you please, and it is the choice of the readers if they read it or ignore it. Blogging is a revolution that has changed the literary habits of the world，and has brought every single person a bit closer.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了blog的发展历程。
1．What is the original meaning of the term “blog”？
A．Weblog. B．Webpage.
C．We blog. D．Website.
A 解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段中的最后一句可知，blog一词最初的意思是Weblog。所以选A。
2．It can be inferred from the passage that at the beginning ________．
A．it was easy to create a blog
B．it was difficult to start a new webpage
C．blogging was quite popular
D．the blog was short and simple
B 解析：推理判断题。由文章第二段中的“a boring process and took plenty of time”可以推测出在网络发展起初阶段创建网页不是容易的事情。所以选B。
3．What is the right order of the following events?
a．The term “Weblog” was coined by Jorn Barger.
b．Google acquired the software known as Blogger.
c．Peter Merholz, broke down the term “Weblog” into “we blog”.
d．A software, Blogger, made it possible for everyone to create their own blog.
A．a，b，c，d B．a，c，b，d
C．a，d，c，b D．a，c，d，b
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二、三段的内容可知这些事件发生的先后顺序。所以选D。
4．This passage mainly tells us ________．
A．the meaning of blog B．the function of blog
C．the history of blog D．the benefits of blog
C 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要说明了blog的产生和发展历程。所以选C。
B
Have you ever felt so tired after staying up for a night that even coffee doesn’t give you the energy that you need? You may have an energy drink, but the benefits of drinking one are heavily outweighed by the risks.
In the past years, more and more studies have found the deadly effects of energy drinks on your bodies. The sugar, caffeine and energy supplements(添加物) in energy drinks make up a deadly mixture of ingredients that can affect your heart function and send you to the hospital!
A study by the University of Bonn, Germany found that frequent consumption of energy drinks can greatly change the way your heart functions. The study went on to say that consuming energy drinks often causes significantly increased heart contractions(收缩) in adults, which has the potential of putting you at risk of irregular heartbeats.
It is possible that many people are unaware of the alarming side effects of energy drinks because of the way they are labelled. Most energy drinks contain between 80 milligrams to over 350 milligrams of caffeine, sugar and energy supplements. When an energy drink is marketed as a diet supplement it may be distributed without a “nutrition facts” label, which would show the harmful supplements that are in the drink. However, even if energy drinks are Food and Drug Administration(FDA) approved, they don’t have to show the number of supplements.
Energy drinks may be widely available but they aren’t the healthiest or safest choice for your body. Stay naturally energized, get organized and stay on top of your work so that you don’t have to stay up all night to complete assigned tasks. If you’d like a natural energy boost, you could make time for a short workout, which will give you all of the energy you need!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了能量饮料带给人们的害处大于益处。
5．Which of the following is the side effect of the energy drinks?
A．Making people thinner.
B．Making people’s heart bigger.
C．Making people run a risk of falling ill.
D．Making people suffer from heart attacks.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The sugar, caffeine and energy supplements(添加物) in energy drinks make up a deadly mixture of ingredients that can affect your heart function and send you to the hospital！”可知，能量饮料中的糖、咖啡因和能量添加物合起来构成有危害的成分混合物，影响你的心脏功能且对身体有害，所以能量饮料的副作用是会使人们有生病的风险。
6．Why are many people unaware of the harmful effects of energy drinks?
A．Because the harmful materials are not labelled.
B．Because FDA thinks they are healthy drinks.
C．Because they don’t read the label carefully.
D．Because factories of energy drinks lie to drinkers.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“It is possible that many people are unaware of the alarming side effects of energy drinks because of the way they are labelled.”可知，人们没有意识到能量饮料的副作用的原因是有害物质没有被标明。
7．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The effects of energy drinks.
B．The benefits of doing exercise.
C．The better choice of right drinks.
D．The way to have enough energy.
D 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“If you’d like a natural energy boost, you could make time for a short workout, which will give you all of the energy you need！”可知，该段主要讲获得足够能量的方法。
8．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Don’t drink energy drinks.
B．Many people enjoy energy drinks.
C．The materials that energy drinks contain are harmless.
D．Energy drinks could send you to hospital.
D 解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“You may have an energy drink, but the benefits of drinking one are heavily outweighed by the risks.”及最后一段中的“Energy drinks may be widely available but they aren’t the healthiest or safest choice for your body.”可知，本文讲了能量饮料的害处大于益处，且没有完全否定能量饮料，故排除A项，选D项。
语法填空
I chose to study abroad because I knew I would be exposed to knowledge that I couldn’t gain 1.____________(sit) inside a classroom.Studying abroad was one of the best 2.____________ (decision) I had ever made.I chose China, because China is one of the early civilizations 3.____________ a rich history and culture and I thought studying abroad would give me the chance to learn more about the country.As a visiting scholar, my dream of studying abroad in China became a 4.____________(real)．
I went to China in the summer of 2017.My time there was an 5.____________(impress) experience.Every day was a new adventure.6.____________ I enjoyed most was that I had culture classes where I could learn about Chinese calligraphy, Beijing opera, Chinese literature, Chinese cooking and much 7.____________(many) subjects.The mix of learning about the language and culture made each day of class enjoyable.
I believe that the key to a successful study abroad 8.____________(be)the attitude you carry.Going to China, I had a very positive attitude.I knew there might be problems, 9.____________ I saw them as opportunities for learning.My time in China has really made me more 10.____________(cultural) aware of diversity, which adds to my positive attitude.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”是一名访问学者，非常渴望去中国学习历史悠久的中国文化， 这一次“我”梦想成真了。
1．sitting 解析：考查非谓语动词。句中主语I和sit之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，空处作伴随状语，故用现在分词。句意：我选择出国留学是因为我知道我将会接触到一些知识，而这些知识是我坐在教室里无法获得的。
2．decisions 解析：考查名词的单复数。decision为可数名词，由该句中的“one of”可知，空处用名词的复数形式。句意：出国留学是我做过的最好的决定之一。
3．with 解析：考查介词。根据该句中的“a rich history and culture”可知，“我”选择中国，因为中国有着悠久的历史和文化。with表示“有，带有”，符合语境，故空处填with。
4．reality 解析：考查词形转换。根据空前的不定冠词“a”可知，空处用real的名词形式reality。句意：作为一名访问学者，我在中国留学的梦想变成了现实。
5．impressive 解析：考查形容词。根据空前的“an”和空后的名词“experience”可知，空处修饰该名词，应用impress的形容词形式impressive，表示“给人印象深刻的”。
6．What 解析：考查主语从句。句意：我最喜欢的是上文化课，在文化课上我可以学到中国书法、京剧、中国文学、中国烹饪和更多科目。分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且作及物动词enjoy的宾语，又根据该句句意可知，应用 what引导该主语从句。
7．more 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示“更多的”，故用many的比较级more。
8．is 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。该句的主语为the key，为单数形式，故谓语动词用单数；该句陈述的是一般性的情况，应用一般现在时，故空处用is。句意：我认为成功的出国留学的关键在于你的态度。
9．but/yet 解析：考查连词。根据空前的“我知道可能会遇到问题”和空后的“我将它们视为学习的机会”可知，空处前后的内容为转折关系，故用转折连词but或yet。
10．culturally 解析：考查副词。空处修饰形容词aware，故用cultural的副词形式culturally。句意：我在中国的日子确实让我更加意识到文化的多样性，这也让我的态度更加积极。
B卷 [学生用书P131(单独成册)]
阅读理解
Researchers have created a backpack that has a computer and medicines in it that can help even untrained soldiers save the lives of wounded troops. Wounded soldiers have a better chance of survival if they get help soon after being hurt and are quickly taken to a hospital or clinic. But soldiers who do not have medical training may not know how to help their injured friends.
Doctors and engineers have developed what they call an “intelligent backpack”. It has a computer and electronic measuring devices. The backpack also has robotic instruments and medicines ready to be given to injured troops.
About 16 doctors and engineers from the University of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University and several other places are working on the project. The U．S. Department of Defense has given money to the project.
Ron Poropatich leads the project. He is a retired Army surgeon. He says the backpack will help soldiers care for those who are injured. The devices included in the backpack can monitor a person’s heart rate and blood pressure. The robotic instruments can even tell whether the soldier has a collapsed lung.
The intelligent backpack’s computer can compare information gathered about the injured soldier with thousands of similar cases, and quickly tell the best methods to save the soldier’s life.
Sometimes, it is not always possible to quickly remove the injured soldier from the battlefield. So, Dr. Poropatich says, the researchers hope to create a backpack that will have devices that can keep a soldier alive for a long time. Dr. Poropatich hopes the backpack and its instruments will be ready for testing on animals in about three years.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究者发明的一种“智能背包”，内有电脑、药物等，可以及时救助伤员。
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．Soldiers should have taken medical training.
B．Most of the soldiers can’t use the backpack correctly.
C．The backpack can play a big part in the battlefield.
D．Wars or battles have brought harm to the world.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Wounded soldiers have a better chance of survival if they get help soon after being hurt and are quickly taken to a hospital or clinic.”可以推测出，这种“智能背包”能够在战场上发挥重要作用。
2．How many kinds of items are mentioned in the backpack?
A．2. B．3.
C．4. D．5.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It has a computer and electronic measuring devices. The backpack also has robotic instruments and medicines ready to be given to injured troops.”可知，“智能背包”里的物品有四种，故选C。
3．What can we know according to Ron Poropatich?
A．The project got support from the whole world.
B．The robotic instruments can monitor lungs.
C．The injured’s heart disease can be cured.
D．The devices can adjust soldiers’ blood pressure.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The robotic instruments can even tell whether the soldier has a collapsed lung.”可知，这种装置可以指出士兵的肺是否萎陷，即这种装置可以监测肺的情况。故选B项。
4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Researchers and Their Wonderful Discovery
B．Medical Care Tested on the Wounded Soldiers
C．Robotic Devices Used in the Battlefield
D．Emergency Medical Care in a Backpack
D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以及时向伤员提供紧急医疗救助的“智能背包”，故选D。
完形填空
One small mistake changed Sonia’s life. Now she is __1__ and tries not to miss any opportunities that come to her way.
One day, Sonia walked __2__ a little boy, who wanted to buy crayons(彩色蜡笔), but he couldn’t __3__ them. He looked sad when he saw the money in Sonia’s hand. __4__ she didn’t realize he was in __5__ of help at all. Sonia ignored him and __6__ on her way home.
After reaching home, she told everything to her brother Gur. Gur told Sonia that God had given you a(n) __7__ to help a boy, but you __8__ it. There’s a possibility that God was __9__ you; maybe today would have become your big day of your life. Hearing Gur’s words, Sonia __10__ back to the shop to find the boy but time never __11__ for anyone. Sonia got disappointed and returned home, continuously __12__ at herself. Why didn’t it come into her mind what Gur had __13__？ “Chances are everywhere, and all you need to do is __14__ them because they don’t always show up，” said Gur. Now what Sonia has missed is a chance that she can only __15__．
On that day Sonia learnt the biggest __16__ in her life. Actually not only Sonia, but many of us ignore the chance of helping in __17__ ways because we always run after bigger ones. However, big opportunities do come but not every day. Therefore, __18__ small ones so that you can’t miss big ones. Sonia also __19__ to wait for big opportunities, but now she knows that with small opportunities she can make big __20__ in her life.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了主人公Sonia在错失一次帮助他人的机会后，受到哥哥启发，从而意识到要不断练习抓住小的机会帮助别人来改变自己的生活的故事。这也告诉我们，行善无论大小，有机会就要及时抓住。
1．A.attentive B．optimistic
C．enthusiastic D．fortunate
A 解析：根据空后的“and tries not to miss any opportunities that come to her way”可知，Sonia现在很专注，尽力不去错过任何她遇到的机会。attentive“专心的”；optimistic“乐观的”；enthusiastic“热情的”；fortunate“幸运的”。
2．A.through B．by
C．over D．up
B 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示Sonia从一位小男孩身旁走过。by“经过”。
3．A.arrange B．afford
C．offer D．gain
B 解析：根据“who wanted to buy crayons(彩色蜡笔)”及下文可知，小男孩想买彩色蜡笔，但是买不起。arrange“安排”；afford“买得起”；offer“主动提供”；gain“获得，得到”。
4．A.Thus B．Besides
C．But D．And
C 解析：根据上下文可知，空处表示转折。此处表示小男孩需要帮助，但是Sonia并未意识到，故But符合语境。
5．A.favor B．honor
C．need D．search
C 解析：参见上题解析。in favor of“支持”；in honor of“为了纪念”；in need of“需要”；in search of“寻找”。
6．A.remained B．hurried
C．hesitated D．continued
D 解析：Sonia没有理睬小男孩，继续走自己的路。continue“继续”符合语境。remain“仍然是”；hurry“赶快”；hesitate“犹豫”。
7．A.direction B．duty
C．urge D．opportunity
D 解析：根据文意可知，此处指上帝给了你一个机会去帮助小男孩，但是你却错过了。direction“方向”；duty“责任”；urge“强烈的欲望”；opportunity“机会”。
8．A.doubted B．missed
C．passed D．mistook
B 解析：参见上题解析。
9．A.punishing B．saving
C．testing D．refusing
C 解析：上帝可能在(通过这个机会)测试你。test“测验，考查”符合语境。
10．A.stepped B．moved
C．jumped D．rushed
D 解析：Sonia听到哥哥的话后有所意识，故应用“跑回去”来突出她此时急于弥补错过机会的心情。step“踩，迈步”；move“移动”；jump“跳跃”；rush“急速移动”。
11．A.longs B．answers
C．allows D．waits
D 解析：根据“to find the boy”及“Sonia got disappointed”可知，Sonia没有找到小男孩，因此此处表示时间不等(waits)人。下文中的“wait for big opportunities”也是提示。long“渴望”；answer“回答”；allow“允许”。
12．A.angry B．hard
C．surprised D．crazy
A 解析：由上文可知，Sonia第一次忽略了小男孩而没有帮他，再次回去也没有找到他，所以生自己的气。be angry at sb.“生某人的气”。
13．A.considered B．ordered
C．realized D．learnt
C 解析：为什么她没有想到Gur所意识到的事呢？此处指Sonia的自责和后悔。realize“意识到”。
14．A.strike B．grab
C．enjoy D．find
B 解析：机会随处都有，但你要抓住(grab)机会。
15．A.regret B．upset
C．experience D．forget
A 解析：现在Sonia所错过的是一个她只能后悔的(帮助别人的)机会。故用regret“懊悔”。
16．A.problem B．chance
C．wisdom D．lesson
D 解析：那天她学到她生命中最大的一个教训(lesson)。
17．A.precious B．small
C．easy D．efficient
B 解析：实际上，不仅Sonia，我们很多人都会忽视从小的方面去帮助别人，因为我们总是追求更大的方面的机会。
18．A.add B．supply
C．observe D．practice
D 解析：练习小的机会，这样你就不会错过大的机会了。practice“练习”符合语境。add“增加”；supply“提供”；observe“观察，庆祝，遵守”。
19．A.wanted B．wished
C．used D．accustomed
C 解析：Sonia过去也常常等待大的机会，但是现在她知道了小的机会也能使她的生活有大的变化。此处表示过去和现在的对比，故选C项。
20．A.sense B．changes
C．fortune D．deals
B 解析：参见上题解析。sense“意义”；change“改变”；fortune“机会，运气”；deal“协议”。
短文改错
It was my birthday and I was looking forward to see my friends.We were meeting at my favorite Italian restaurant.I was exciting and got to a restaurant at exactly 7 o’clock.I looked around for a familiar face but failed.I decided not to wait for him patiently.The restaurant quickly filled up with customer, but none of them were my friends.I called Lily, but she didn’t answer.I felt lonely and sadly.My friends had forgotten my birthday.I went home, opened the door and walk into the dark house.Suddenly the lights went off and my friends jumped up and shouted “Surprise！” They hadn’t forgotten, it was the best birthday ever.
答案：
It was my birthday and I was looking forward to my friends.We were meeting at my favorite Italian restaurant.I was and got to restaurant at exactly 7 o’clock. I looked around for a familiar face but failed.I decided eq \o(,\s\up0(＼)) to wait for patiently.The restaurant quickly filled up with ， but none of them were my friends.I called Lily, but she didn’t answer.I felt lonely and .My friends had forgotten my birthday.I went home, opened the door and into the dark house.Suddenly the lights went and my friends jumped up and shouted “Surprise！” They hadn’t forgotten, it was the best birthday ever.
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(共106张PPT)
Unit 3 The world online
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
自学导引·语篇理解
自主探究·巩固新知
教材助读·解疑清障
读懂课文·破解难疑
原/文/呈/现
读/文/清/障
要点透析·讲练互动
名师解疑·精讲精练
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
助动词
动词根据其含义和句子功能可分为实义动词(Notional Verbs)和助动词(Auxiliary Verbs)。实义动词意义完整，能够独立作谓语，而助动词本身无词汇意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。试比较：
The boy does his homework every day. 那个男孩每天都做家庭作业。does为实义动词，作谓语，是do的第三人称单数一般现在时形式。
The boy doesn’t do his homework on Saturday evenings. 那个男孩星期六晚上不做家庭作业。does为助动词，不能独立作谓语，doesn’t与实义动词do一起构成第三人称单数一般现在时的否定形式。
助动词常与实义动词一起用来构成各种时态、语态、语气、否定和疑问结构以表达说话人的各种情态。助动词可分为时态助动词、do助动词和情态助动词三种。情态助动词又称作情态动词。
一、助动词的分类
类别 例词 特点
基本助动词 be, do, have 无词汇意义，只有语法作用，协助主要动词构成时态、语态、否定句、疑问句
助动词短语(半助动词) be about to, be due to, be going to, be likely to, be meant to, be supposed to, have to, seem to, be unable to, be unwilling to 在功能上介于主要动词和助动词之间的一类结构
其他助动词 shall, will, should，would 无意义，主要用来构成将来时
二、助动词的功能
功能 例句
表示时态 He is singing.He was married.
表示语态 He was sent to England.
构成疑问句 Do you like senior high school life?Had you finished your homework before you came here？
与否定副词not合用，构成否定句 I don’t like him.
加强语气 He did know that.
三、助动词的用法
1．时态助动词
时态助动词有be, have, will/would, shall/should，可以用来构成各种时态、语态和语气。
This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest.
这个有趣的表演将会取悦每一个人，无论是年轻人还是老者。
I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend many more in the coming years.
我一直都很喜欢你组织的所有活动，我也希望能在未来几年参加更多这样的活动。
They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.
他们等着看班上其他同学会做些什么。
He did not compromise easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
虽然他不容易妥协，但为了值得奋斗的事业愿意接受任何建设性的意见。
We would have won if Jack had scored that goal.
如果杰克踢进了那个球，我们就会获胜。
对接高考
①Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ____________ (leave) my book in the cafe.
就在我到了校门口时，我意识到我把书落在了咖啡馆。
had left 解析：realized是发生在过去的动作，而leave动作又发生在realized动作之前，是过去的过去，因此用过去完成时。
2．do助动词
do可帮助构成疑问句和否定句，还可表示强调或代替前面动词以避免重复。
Do you find homework tiring and boring?
你觉得家庭作业枯燥乏味吗？
We don’t have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.
我们的工作时间和城市里的办公室职员不一样。
Oh, do buy a flower. 哦，买一枝花吧。
As you can see, I did escape. 如你所见，我的确得救了。
Walking and riding your bike count，and so do school sports.
步行和骑自行车算，校内的体育活动也算。
When I did finally go to a theme park, I found that it was very different.
当我最终去了一家主题公园时，我发现它(与其他公园)有很大的不同。
Our evidence suggests they did indeed wear clothes made from animal skins.
我们有证据表明，他们的确穿的是用兽皮制作的衣服。
对接高考
②Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who ____________ you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
在下面列出的优秀女士中，你认为谁是过去100年中最重要的女性？
do 解析：根据句意及句子结构可知此句为疑问句，主语是you，所以应加助动词do。
3．must和have (got) to
must表示说话人的主观愿望，而have (got) to则表示客观需要，意思是“不得不；只好”。试比较以下几句：
You must decide what approach you want to use.
你必须决定要采用什么样的方法。
In addition, you need to know how long you should stay, and when you have to leave.
另外，你要知道应该待多久，何时得离开。
You will tell your friend that you’ve got to go to class.
你要告诉你的朋友你得上课。
对接高考
③—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late.I really ____________ go now.My daughter is home alone.
——难道你就不能多待一会儿吗？
——天已经很晚了，现在我真的必须走。我女儿自己在家。
must 解析：根据句意及情境可知，此处指说话人觉得自己“必须”走了，故填must。
4．will, would和used to表示习惯
will表示现在的习惯，would和used to均表示过去的习惯，但would比used to正式，used to 表示过去常常……，而现在已不再……，而would则没有这层含义。试比较以下几句：
Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.
警察逮捕罪犯时，会向罪犯撒网而不是开枪。
Any smell might attract natural enemies that would try to eat the little panda.
任何气味都有可能吸引自然界中那些想要吃掉熊猫宝宝的敌人。
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it.
压力过去曾经是一个几乎不被人们所知的词，但是现在我们已经习惯谈论它了。
I’m 19 years old and I used to be a drug addict.
我现在19岁，过去吸毒成瘾。
5．had better和would rather
had better 为固定词组，不是过去式，而指现在或将来，意为“最好”，表示劝告或警告，其后接动词原形。
You had better sit here and have a rest.
你最好在此坐坐休息一会儿。
would rather意为“宁愿；宁可”，表示选择，其后也接动词原形，常与than搭配。
Pip’s sister seldom has a kind word to say, but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.
皮普的姐姐几乎没有什么善言好语，但乔却是一个善良淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何伤害。
I’d rather have something with chocolates.
我宁愿吃含巧克力的东西。
用助动词的适当形式填空
1．English ____________ (be) becoming more and more important.
答案：is
2．The book ____________ (be) torn by Li Hua.
答案：was
3．He ____________ (be) to come to the office this afternoon.
答案：is
4．By the end of last month, they ____________ (have) finished half of their work.
答案：had
5．He ____________ (do not) like to study.
答案：doesn’t
6．I ____________ (do) go there.
答案：did
7．Only when we begin our college life ____________(do) we realize the importance of English.
答案：do
8．He said he ____________(will) come.
答案：would
句型转换
1．He will teach us English next term.
→We ____________________ English by him next term.
答案：will be taught
2．The teacher said to him, “You must come here on time.”
→The teacher said to him, “____________ come here on time.”
答案：Do
3．I was going to explain when she interrupted me.
→I ____________________ explain when she interrupted me.
答案：was about to
4．Let’s go out for a walk, what about you?
→Let’s go out for a walk, ________________？
答案：shall we
5．Had he come here earlier, he would have seen the beautiful computer.
→ ____________ he ____________ here earlier, he would have seen the beautiful computer.
答案：If; had come
如何写图表作文
文体感知
图表作文至少包含描述图表与解释原因两个部分，其写作规律性很强，有一定的模式可循。
1．首段的写作
图表作文有表格(table)、条形图(bar chart)、饼状图(pie chart)和曲线图(diagram)之分，后三种都属于图表(chart)的范畴。不管是chart还是table，都需要进行描述，一般放在文章的第一部分，长度宜适中。描述数据时，我们首先要看看几个数据之间的联系。
2．第二段的写作
第二段是解释原因的段落。首先是过渡句，其次就是此段的主题句(topic sentence)。主观或客观并无特殊要求，只要上下文风格统一即可。
主观：I believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon.
In my mind, the reasons why...are as follows.
主观之变体(使用插入语，突出主语)：
Three reasons, I (firmly) believe, can account for this phenomenon.
插入语的使用属于一种看似平淡却极富功力的表达技巧，可以达到很好的效果。
主观之变体(使用插入语)：Three reasons, in my mind, can account for this phenomenon.
客观：Several reasons can account for this phenomenon.
3．第三段的写作
第三段直接写结论的情况已基本没有了。如果这篇文章讲的是一个令人担忧的问题，那么这一段写解决办法；如果这篇文章讲的是一个好的变化，那么这一段可写负面的影响或存在的问题，或者写未来的发展方向。
常用句式
1．引入话题
(1)It shows/indicates in the chart that...
(2)As is shown/indicated in the chart...
(3)It can be seen from the table that...
(4)50% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with...while...
(5)From the sharp/marked rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that...
(6)It has gone up/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years.At the point of... reaches its peak.
2．描述变化或原因
(1)表示顺序：first(ly)...；second(ly)...；finally...
(2)表示递进：what’s more, besides, in addition, furthermore, to make matters worse, what’s worse
(3)表示解释：account for, that is to say, mean, in other words
(4)表示变化：rise/go up/increase sharply/rapidly/quickly; decrease/reduce/come down/decline/drop/fall slowly/gradually
(5)表示对比：compare with, on the contrary, while
(6)描述多种原因：There are at least two good reasons accounting for...; On(the)one hand...; On the other hand...is due to the fact that...; In addition, ...is responsible for...
3．总结式评论
(1)Personally speaking/In a word/In conclusion/In short/On the whole...
(2)It can be concluded that...
(3)From the above discussion, we...
(4)As far as I’m concerned, I hold the point/the view that...
写作要求
现在有一种谬论说 “考上大学也不好找工作或找不到工作，还不如不上大学” 。以下是某网站对高中学生 “为什么上大学？” 进行的问卷调查情况，请你结合图表中所提供的信息，写一篇短文，谈谈你的看法。
注意：1.不需要面面俱到，更不要逐条翻译，注意发表自己的观点；
2．词数：100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：问卷调查 questionnaire survey
Recently, a website organized a questionnaire survey about why people go to university.About one?fifth of the students say they want to go to university to make sure that they can find a good job， _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Recently, a website organized a questionnaire survey about why people go to university.About one?fifth of the students say they want to go to university to make sure that they can find a good job, while an equal number of them think that in this way they can make more money and get a big house.Fifteen percent respond that they want to do so to help their parents and relatives live a happy life, and only five percent of the students are for the purpose of realizing their self?development.
Naturally some students have other opinions, making up 30%.But I agree with those students who go to university in order to improve themselves and those who want to find a good job.Finally no matter who we are, we must do as the students who account for 10% do, showing the sense of responsibility to our country and society.
A卷 [学生用书P133(单独成册)]
单句语法填空
1．They ____________ (watch) TV when I got there.
答案：were watching
2．The window ____________ (break) by Tom.
答案：was broken
3．George can’t ____________ (go) too far.His coffee is still warm.
答案：have gone
4．I returned the book that I ____________(borrow)．
答案：had borrowed
5．I ____________ (study) English for ten years.
答案：have been studying
6．English ____________(teach) in China for many years.
答案：has been taught
7．____________ she ____________(get) up early in the morning?
答案：Does; get
8．You ____________(be) Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
答案：must be
9．A meeting ____________ (hold) next Monday morning.
答案：will be held
10．He said she ____________ (meet) him at the airport this afternoon.
答案：would meet
阅读理解
Want a glance of the future of health care？Take a look at the way the various networks of people about patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patient—no matter where he or she may be.
Online doctors offering advice based on normal symptoms(症状) are the most obvious example.Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis(远程诊断) will be based on real physiological data(生理数据) from the actual patient.A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using personal data assistance plus a mobile phone, it is perfectly practical to send a patient’s important signs over the telephone.With this kind of equipment, the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past.
Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural care.And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster need—especially after earthquakes.On the whole, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and experts’ opinions.
But there is one problem．Bandwidth(带宽) is the limiting factor for sending complex(复杂的) medical pictures around the world—CT photos being one of the biggest bandwidth users.Communication satellites may be able to deal with the short?term needs during disasters such as earthquakes or wars.But medicine is looking towards both the second?generation Internet and third?generation mobile phones for the future of remote medical service.
Doctors have met to discuss computer?based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine.With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should start a new time when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, experts’ opinions and diagnosis are common.
【解题导语】 人们将来可以通过网上看病，医生可以根据病人的生理数据作出远程诊断。
1．The writer chiefly talks about ________．
A．the use of telemedicine
B．the online doctors
C．medical care and treatment
D．communication improvement
A 解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段和第三段的内容可知，作者主要讲的是远程医疗，因此最佳答案为A。
2．The basis of remote diagnosis will be ________．
A．personal data assistance
B．some words of a patient
C．real physiological information
D．medical pictures from the Internet
C 解析：细节理解题。从第二段第二句中的“...remote diagnosis(远程诊断) will be based on real physiological data(生理数据) from the actual patient.”可以作出正确判断。
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
A．Patients don’t need doctors in hospitals any more.
B．It is impossible to send a patient’s signs over the telephone.
C．Only one team is using telemedicine dealing with disasters now.
D．Broadband communications will become cheaper in the future.
D 解析：推理判断题。网上可以看病并不就是说病人不再需要医院的医生，排除A项；通过电话发送病人的信息是可行的，排除B项；现在只有一个医疗队想用远程医疗来治疗疾病，C项与原文不符；根据文章最后一句话“With the falling price of broadband communications...are common.”可知答案是D。
4．The “problem” in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that ________．
A．bandwidth isn’t big enough to send complex medical pictures
B．the second?generation Internet has not become popular yet
C．communication satellites can only deal with short?term needs
D．there is not enough equipment for spreading the medical care
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第二句话“Bandwidth(带宽) is the limiting factor for sending complex(复杂的) medical pictures around the world—CT photos being one of the biggest bandwidth users.”可知答案为A。
完形填空
It was a Saturday a few summers ago.My daughter and I went swimming in our pool.That day was like most others, __1__ I had no way of knowing it would __2__ in our family history.It is a memory we __3__ and still talk about from time to time.
The sun was setting and the __4__ was approaching.From the shallow end of our pool, my daughter __5__ that, right about eye level, a spider was __6__ its web by the pool.And it surprised me that she was not __7__ of the spider.Instead, she __8__ watched as the spider was busy with the cycle of life.
As we both __9__ this wonder of nature, a(n) __10__ hit me.I had lost track of time.I didn’t know __11__ we had been just standing there and watching that spider spinning(结网) its web.But __12__ what amount of time had passed, the __13__ was that my daughter and I were simply having fun.We were having fun __14__ doing anything really big or special.However, in contrast, I believe that by sharing this __15__ of watching the spider, both of us were just fulfilled as if we had done something very __16__．
Remember that the __17__ things are the best things in life.We need to spend some time together with our family __18__ such things in life.More importantly, we need to __19__ some time to talk about life with our family.If we do this, we will have special __20__ that will last a life time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和她的女儿在游泳池看蜘蛛织网的故事以及自己的感悟。
1．A.until B．if
C．but D．so
D 解析：前后两个句子，表示一种因果关系。因为那一天跟往常一样，所以作者当时并不知道那天做的事情会成为日后长谈的回忆。
2．A.go down B．get up
C．take off D．start out
A 解析：go down意为“延续，载入(历史)，传下去”；go down in history意为“载入史册”。这里指那天发生的事情，在家里流传下去。
3．A.deserve B．access
C．treasure D．regain
C 解析：根据后文的still talk about from time to time可以推测，这些过去的记忆是值得“珍惜”的。
4．A.day B．night
C．time D．light
B 解析：太阳要下山了，夜幕就要降临了。
5．A.argued B．noticed
C．informed D．complained
B 解析：女儿注意到那只正在织网的蜘蛛。
6．A.decorating B．repairing
C．removing D．building
D 解析：根据后文spinning可知，蜘蛛在织网。
7．A.afraid B．proud
C．fond D．tired
A 解析：根据前文的surprised和后文的Instead一句可知，作者的女儿并没有害怕蜘蛛。
8．A.carelessly B．delightfully
C．quickly D．unwillingly
B 解析：本句与前一句进行对比，女儿不但不怕，反而还很开心地看着，根据下一段的this wonder of nature以及lost track of time可以判断B项正确。
9．A.noted B．observed
C．played D．imitated
B 解析：根据前后文多次出现的watch可知，作者和女儿都专注地看着这一世间奇观。
10．A.insect B．problem
C．stick D．thought
D 解析：本段后面都在描述作者观看时的一些想法，故thought最为合适。
11．A.how soon B．how often
C．how long D．how far
C 解析：根据本空前面的I had lost track of time.可以推测，作者不知道她们在那里呆了多久了。
12．A.in case of B．in honor of
C．in spite of D．in favor of
C 解析：该分句与后文是让步关系，指不论时间过去多久。
13．A.truth B．advice
C．idea D．message
A 解析：这里作者讲述了一个事实：不论时间过去多久，仅观察蜘蛛结网，都很快乐。
14．A.for B．without
C．from D．in
B 解析：作者和女儿只是观察蜘蛛结网，并没有做什么大事。
15．A.risk B．ability
C．knowledge D．experience
D 解析：一起观察蜘蛛结网的经历。
16．A.small B．strange
C．important D．encouraging
C 解析：根据前文的However, in contrast可知，本句与前文语义相反，虽然没有做什么特殊的大事情，但是对她们来说，一起观察蜘蛛结网就像是做了一件重要的事情一样。
17．A.past B．simple
C．expensive D．fortunate
B 解析：这里是个总结句。根据上一段的simply having fun及______ doing anything really big or special可知，简单的事情是人生中最好的事情。
18．A.discussing B．losing
C．appreciating D．arranging
C 解析：这里进一步解释前文，指“我们”需要欣赏这样简单的事情。
19．A.spare B．waste
C．save D．kill
A 解析：“我们”应该腾出一些时间同自己的家人多多地交谈。
20．A.presents B．rewards
C．celebrations D．moments
D 解析：本句呼应首段，如果这样做了，“我们”就会拥有可以珍藏一生的美好时光。
B卷 [学生用书P135(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
When I was a child growing up in Ohio, the butterflies would sometimes pass through on their way to Mexico. And it was awesome to see football fields full of them—and I wanted to revisit that on a larger scale. I knew I had to go to see the migration(迁徙) in Mexico.
But I was on a budget. I didn’t want to rent a car in Mexico or take a bus to Valle de Bravo, the starting point for most butterfly adventures, so I called the guys at The Muddy Boot, travel experts in Mexico who can make almost anything happen at a reasonable rate.
And so, on January 2, I found myself in The Muddy Boot van(面包车), being driven for two hours from Mexico City to Valle de Bravo, a lovely town on a volcanic lake which is a central point for the butterfly journeys. I booked a two－night stay at the Hotel Rodavento, an all eco－friendly hotel with individual wooden houses spreading throughout the forest and around a lake.
The first sanctuary(保护区) I visited was Piedra Herrada, a popular destination, as it is only 40 minutes away from Valle de Bravo. The climb up is tiring. It is advisable to hire a horse. But the horse cannot take you all the way, and there is some hiking in thin air, so you must be patient, drink a lot of water, and be in reasonably good shape.
The walk is more than worth it though. As I struggled to catch my breath, I looked up and lost my breath again. At first glance, the trees had turned into different shapes, but on closer inspection, every inch of them was covered with butterflies.
A few flew through the air (Most of them were not warm enough). As the sun rose, they began to come alive. Soon the air was filled with flying butterflies, transforming the forest into something magical and straight out of a fairy tale.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇日志形式的记叙文。作者讲述了自己为参观大规模的蝴蝶迁徙的美景而搭车前往墨西哥的一个城镇的故事。虽然旅途劳累艰辛，但作者实现了愿望，看到了美丽的蝴蝶翩翩起舞，它们装扮了途经的森林。
1．Why did the author choose to take The Muddy Boot van?
A．She couldn’t afford to rent a car.
B．She preferred to travel alone.
C．She wanted to save some money.
D．She hoped to reach the destination earlier.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But I was on a budget.”可知，作者预算有限，想节省钱。故选C。
2．What can we learn about Piedra Herrada?
A．It is at a high altitude.
B．It is far from Valle de Bravo.
C．It is full of wild animals.
D．It is only accessible by riding a horse.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“and there is some hiking in thin air, so you must be patient, drink a lot of water, and be in reasonably good shape”可知，在该地攀登时需要在空气稀薄的地方进行一段徒步旅行，旅行者需要有耐心，多喝水，身体还要不错。由此可以推断出Piedra Herrada是在高海拔处。
3．What made the author’s hiking worthwhile?
A．Becoming healthier.
B．Breathing in fresh air.
C．Finding trees of different shapes.
D．Seeing the butterfly migration.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第五、六段的描述可知，虽然作者到达目的地前经历了一段艰辛的徒步旅行，但最后看到美丽的蝴蝶的那一刻，作者感到辛苦是值得的，故选D。
4．What type of writing is the text?
A．A news report. B．A scientific paper.
C．A travel diary. D．A commercial ad.
C 解析：推理判断题。本文作者以第一人称叙述了自己观看蝴蝶迁徙的起因、经过和结果，是一篇旅行日志。
B
I have happy memories of trips to Europe, but my trip to Romania was unique.My husband was born there, but his family sent him to study in Italy.He hasn’t seen his family since he was 16.
When we reached Bucharest, his family was waiting outside to greet us.After a lot of hugging, kissing, and crying, his family also embraced(拥抱) me, the American wife with two young children.They had great interest in me.Few Americans visited Romania at that time, and most Romanians had little chance to travel.His family loved our gifts.We made trips to the Black Sea and the Carpathian Mountains.Eating at outdoor cafes to the sound of gypsy violins was very different, but nothing was as unforgettable as family dinners.
Most Romanian homes had old?fashioned washing machines but no dryers.It was a hot summer.My husband’s relatives didn’t want to risk dirtying their clothes.Their solution was as simple as it was surprising: The women had dinner in their bras(文胸) and slips(衬裙). The men were shirtless.They all had jobs, so time was precious.Disrobing(脱去衣服) for dinner was a small inconvenience compared with the effort of doing laundry—at least in their household, and perhaps all across Romania.I washed my clothes by hand and hung them outdoors to dry.I, of course, having just met them, ate fully clothed.
On the last night of our three?week stay, we had a large family dinner.I was tired of washing my clothes.So I pulled my dress over my head and placed it on the chair behind me.The table applauded.Even with my poor Romanian, I understood that they were saying：“She’s part of our family now.”
【解题导语】 英文有句谚语“when in Rome do as the Romans do”，说的是入乡随俗。文中，我随着多年未回祖国的丈夫一起回到了罗马尼亚，受到家里人热情款待的同时，由于语言、习惯的差异，我闹了不少笑话。这些事如今想来，都成为了我独特而甜蜜的回忆。
5．When the author arrived in her husband’s hometown, ________．
A．his family showed no respect for her at first
B．she intended to talk to his family in English
C．she got extra attention from his family for her nationality
D．she found that she hadn’t brought enough gifts for his family
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“They had great interest in me.Few Americans visited Romania at that time...”原文中作者丈夫出生在欧洲的罗马尼亚，而自己是美国人，所以他们家人对作者很感兴趣，故选C。
6．What surprised the author most during her visit to her husband’s family?
A．Most of his family members didn’t travel a lot at the time.
B．Women in his family had dinner in only their underclothes.
C．Most of her husband’s relatives didn’t like doing laundry.
D．They had old?fashioned washing machines but no dryers at home.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Their solution was as simple as it was surprising: The women had dinner in their bras(文胸) and slips(衬裙)．”作者惊讶于丈夫家的女人们穿着内衣吃饭。故选B。
7．On the last night of the author’s stay, the family applauded her because ________．
A．the author disrobed for dinner as the family did
B．they just wanted to show their love for the author
C．the author could finally understand them easily
D．it was time for the author to give a speech
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“On the last night of our three?week stay...The table applauded.”可知丈夫家人鼓掌，因为这个美国媳妇也入乡随俗了。
C
Along with the standard pigments(颜料) and paintbrushes, artist Sean Yoro (known as Hula), requires an unconventional piece of equipment for his particular brand of mural(壁画) making: a paddleboard.
The Hawaiian muralist, balanced on the top of the floating platform, describes women from various sites across the world, whose homelands are often threatened by the effects of global warming.
For his most recent project, titled “What If You Fly”， Hula traveled to Baffin Island, off the coast to Nunavut, Canada, to paint a portrait of local Inuit woman Jesse Mike, who lives there with her daughter.
In a short film telling of the artist’s process, Mike explains her frustrating previous experiences working with filmmakers who reported on the terrible circumstances troubling her endangered landscape. “For most people, it’s about the polar bears, it’s not about the people，” she said. “Well, let’s make it about the people.”
Hula and his team spent 14 hours searching for the perfect iceberg canvas(油画布), knowing all the while that the ice itself, and any image created on the top of it, would soon melt away into nothing.
“It’s a little ambitious to do this larger－than－life ice mural in the Arctic, and somehow, at the same time, make a connection to the human culture，” climber and filmmaker Renan Ozturk said of the project.
When Hula found his proper ice, he painted a portrait of Jesse he took earlier on his camera. Working against the power of time and Mother Nature, the artist aimed to finish as much of Jesse’s portrait as he could before the iceberg disappeared.
The massive image, Hula’s most remote and technically challenging piece yet, communicates a memorable reality—the consequences of climate change, first and foremost, affect people.
【解题导语】 本文主要叙述了壁画大师Hula去往Baffin Island，通过在冰上画一位因纽特女性的肖像来提醒人们气候变化的后果正在影响人类这一现实。
8．What is “What If You Fly”？
A．A film about the muralist.
B．A woman called Jesse Mike.
C．A painting based on a local Inuit.
D．A project conducted by Hula.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“For his most recent project, titled ‘What If You Fly’， Hula traveled to Baffin Island”可知，“What If You Fly”是Hula最近进行的一个项目。故选D项。
9．Why did Jesse Mike complain about some filmmakers?
A．They didn’t focus on human beings.
B．They only reported on terrible circumstances.
C．They just reported on frustrating experiences.
D．They showed no sympathy to the endangered landscape.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“For most people, it’s about the polar bears, it’s not about the people”可以看出，Jesse抱怨那些电影制作人只关注气候变化对当地动物的影响，而不关注当地人。
10．Why did Hula paint images on the Arctic ice?
A．He wanted to show his unconventional painting.
B．He was ambitious enough to explore Mother Nature.
C．He made an attempt to paint on varieties of materials.
D．He warned people of the consequences of global warming.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据全文尤其是最后一段中的“the consequences of climate change, first and foremost, affect people”可知，Hula把画画到北极冰川上是为了警告人们全球变暖的后果。
11．What can be the best title for the text?
A．A Muralist and an Inuit
B．Mother Nature, Massive Images
C．Arctic Ice Painting, Memorable Reality
D．Standard Tools, Unconventional Paintings
C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了艺术家Hula以北极冰川为画布作画的事情，他以这种独特的方式提醒人们关注气候变暖对人类的影响，故选C项。
语法填空
Longjing tea, 1.____________ has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its color, taste and shape, 2.____________(name)after its production region—Longjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the 3.____________(grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that “Longjing tea is the 4.____________(good)among all of the teas in the world”．
Thanks 5.____________ the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation. The story went that the Qianlong Emperor visited a mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at 6.____________ foot of the mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself.
While 7.____________(pick) the tea，he received the news of his mother’s illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and 8.____________(leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother 9.__________(immediate) upon his arrival in beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves from his right sleeve and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely 10.____________(refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses. From then on, it was listed as the tribute tea.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西湖龙井茶盛名的由来。
1．which 解析：考查关系词。句意：龙井茶因为其色泽、味道和外形而居于中国十大名茶之首，它以其生产地区——西湖龙井村而命名。根据句意并分析句子结构可知此处为非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，先行词为表示物的“Longjing tea”，所以用which引导该定语从句。
2．is named 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处主语Longjing tea 与动词name之间为被动关系且叙述一般的情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
3．growth 解析：考查词性转换。良好的环境和水资源对茶的生长贡献良多。根据空前的定冠词和空后的“of the tea”可知此处用名词growth。
4．best 解析：考查形容词最高级。龙井茶是世界上所有茶叶中最好的。根据语境可知此处用形容词的最高级，且由空前为定冠词the及空后的“among all of the teas in the world”也可知应用形容词最高级。
5．to 解析：考查固定搭配。thanks to意为“幸亏，由于”，为固定搭配。
6．the 解析：考查冠词。他看见一些女子在山脚采茶叶。此处at the foot of the mountain意为“在山脚下”，为固定用法。
7．picking 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在采茶叶的时候，他收到了他的母亲生病的消息，所以他漫不经心地把茶叶放到他右边的袖子里，离开杭州去北京。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为分词作状语，动词pick与其逻辑主语he之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。
8．left 解析：考查动词的时态。句意参见上题。本段叙述的是发生在过去的事，所以用一般过去时，且and前的put也是提示。
9．immediately 解析：考查词性转换。他一到北京，就立即去拜访母亲。此处修饰动词visited应用副词。
10．refreshed 解析：考查形容词。喝了一杯茶后，她发现自己完全恢复了精神。find oneself＋adj.意为“发现某人自己……”，此处用形容词作宾语补足语。
书面表达
受某英文报的委托，你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。请根据以下信息，用英语为该报写一篇100词左右的短文。短文的标题及首句已为你写好。
调查内容：在新闻、故事、科普、学习方法四种英文文章中，学生最喜欢哪一种
调查范围：湖北省的10所中学
调查对象：高中生
调查人数：1 000
调查方式：访谈
调查结果：(见下图)
Reading Interests of Senior Middle School Students
Recently, a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students._____________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Reading Interests of Senior Middle School Students
Recently, a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students. In this survey, one thousand senior middle school students from ten schools in Hubei Province were interviewed. They were asked which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles, news, stories, popular science articles and articles about learning methods.
The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most. Twenty?six percent of the students say that English stories are their favorite. Only seven percent of the students are most interested in reading articles about learning methods. However, the number of students who enjoy reading popular science articles doubles that of those who prefer reading articles about learning methods.
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(共39张PPT)
Unit 3 The world online
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
语法精讲·专项突破
语法透桁·专项训练
写作指导,妙笔生花
技法指导·佳作赏析
(共16张PPT)
本部分内容讲解结束
按ESC键退出全屏播放
单元要点回扫
Unit 3 The world online
[学生用书P62]
重点单词
1．abundant adj. 大量的，充裕的
2．command n. 命令；控制；掌握
vt. 命令； 指挥； 控制
(1)at sb.’s command 受某人支配
under one’s command＝under the command of sb.
由某人指挥
in command of 指挥；掌控
take command of 控制
have a good command of 掌握；精通
(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that sb.(should) do sth.
命令某人做……
3．claim vt. 宣称，断言；索取，认领
n. 声明，断言；索款，索赔
4．correspond vi. 通信；相一致，符合；
相当于
correspond with sth. 与某事(物)相符合/一致
correspond with sb. 与某人通信
correspond to 相当于；与……相对应
5．address vt. 探讨，解决，处理；
向……说话； 称呼(某人)
6．evaluate vt. 评估，评价
7．reference n. 参考，查阅；提到，谈及；
介绍信，介绍人
8．alarm vt. 使担心，使害怕，使警觉
n. 警报(器); 惊慌； 闹钟
9．abandon vt. 放弃；抛弃，舍弃
10．appointment n. 约会，预约；任命，委任
11．qualification n. 资格，资历
12．acknowledge vt. 承认，认可；感谢
13．bother vi.& vt. 花费时间、精力(做某事);
打扰，给某人造成麻烦
14．relevant adj. 紧密相关的，切题的；
有价值的，有意义的
15．assumption n. 假定，假设
assume vt. 假定，假设
16．accuracy n. 准确性；精确度
accurate adj. 准确的
17．weakness n. 缺点，不足；弱点；
虚弱，衰弱
weak adj. 虚弱的
18．classify vt. 分类，归类
classification n. 分类，类别
重点短语
1．turn to somebody/something 向……求助
2．at someone’s command 受某人支配
3．have positive effects on 对……有正面影响
4．correspond/communicate with 和……通讯
5．what is more 更有甚者，更为重要的是
6．drop out 退学，辍学；退出，脱离
7．keep in mind 牢记
8．require sb.to do 要求某人做
9．on a(n)...basis 以……为基准
10．up to date 最新的；现代的；时髦的
11．take...into consideration 把……考虑在内
12．a bunch of 一串，一束；大量；大批
重点句型
1．without含蓄条件句
Without the Internet, these people would have fewer avenues to meet people.
【仿写】 要是没有电，这个世界会是什么样子？
Without electricity, what would the world look like?
2．插入语do you think
How much time do you think a student should spend on the Internet each day?
【仿写】 你认为是什么使得这部电影那么受欢迎？
What do you think makes this film so popular?
3．“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”句型
The more you know about Internet research, the faster you will find what you are looking for, and the better informed you will be.
【仿写】 你吃得越多，就会越胖。
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
4．祈使句＋and＋简单句
Follow these tips, and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile.
【仿写】 尽力而为吧， 你会成功的。
Try your best, and you’ll succeed．
话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文， 并背诵成文。
1．众所周知， 网络在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
2．在网上我们可以看国内外新闻， 获取大量的信息。
3．我们可以给亲朋好友发电子邮件、打电话。
4．我们也可以上网络学校、阅读各种书籍、自学外语。
5．我们还可以欣赏音乐、观看体育比赛、玩电脑游戏、网上购物，这丰富了我们的生活。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
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One possible version：
As is known to all, the Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.On the Internet, we can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can.We can send e?mails and make phone calls to our family as well as our friends.We can also attend net schools, read many books and even teach ourselves foreign languages.We can also enjoy music, watch sports matches, play computer games and even do the shopping online, which really makes our life richer and more colourful.
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