Unit 2 Making a difference
If you can't feed a hundred people，then feed just one.
—Mother Teresa
如果你不能养活一百个人，那就只能养活一个人。
——特蕾莎修女
The greatest good you can do for another is not just to share your riches but to reveal to him his own.
—Benjamin Disraeli
你能为他人做的最大的善事，不只是分享你的财富，而是向他展示他自己的财富。
——本杰明·迪斯雷利
If you have time to whine and complain about something then you have the time to do something about it.
—Anthony J．D'Angelo
如果你有时间抱怨某事，那么你就有时间去做一些事情。
——安东尼·J·德安吉洛
Don't fail to do what is good and small，and don't do what is evil and small.
—Liu Bei
勿以善小而不为，勿以恶小而为之。
——刘备
Life is to make a difference
Every one of us is put in this world to contribute and to make a difference to the world in our own unique way.It need not be anything out of the world.It just needs to be something you do with the intention of“doing good”．Start now and your contribution will never be too small.The more you give，the more you'll receive.Let us remind ourselves that in order to receive more happiness and love，let's spread more of them first.Empower other people.You can change the world by helping one person at a time.Other than doing things to make a difference，we should also seek to influence others to start doing things that make a difference.And the best way to convince other people is to lead by example.We all have something to offer the world with the time we have.When we devote our natural gifts to taking care of each other every day，we make a difference.
Tu Youyou，an 89?year?old female scientist，became the first Chinese to win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct.5.Before that，she won the 2011 Lasker Award for finding out artemisinin (Qinghaosu)，which saved millions of lives.She was thankful for the Lasker prize，but said，“It is just a scientist's duty.I will go on fighting for the health of all humans.”
Tu kept her work in the 1960s and 1970s.In that age，Malaria could took away people's health.Scientists all over the world had already tried over 240，000 times but failed.Tu Youyou，a member of the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Beijing，began to study Chinese herbs.
Before 2011，people didn't know Tu very much.Many friends played jokes with her “the Professor of Three Nones”：no degree，no study experience abroad，not a member of any Chinese national college.But she is hard?working.She read a lot of traditional Chinese medicine books and did a lot of researches on the disease.
In February，2012，Tu was named National Outstanding Females (One of the Ten) Tu is now a model of Chinese medical workers.
[探索发现]
1．What do you know about Tu Youyou and artemisinin (Qinghaosu)?
2．Do you think it necessary to have a high degree and study abroad?
3．What will you major in if you want to become a scientist in the future？And why?
[答案] 1.She is a great scientist who has found out artemisinin and won a Nobel Prize.
2．No.I don't think so.
3．(略)
Section Ⅰ Preparation for the unit
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.shortage A．adj.敏感的，容易生气的
( )2.internal B．n.基金会
( )3.recycle C．n.癌症
( )4.foundation D．adj.内部的
( )5.insight E．n.证实，证明
( )6.reality F．n.短缺，不足，缺乏
( )7.extend G．v.再利用，回收利用
( )8.disability H．n.顿悟，猛醒
( )9.sensitive I．v.持续；延伸
( )10.cancer J．n.真实，现实
( )11.assistance K．n.残疾，残障
( )12.confirmation L．n.帮助，援助
[答案] 1－5 FDGBH 6－10 JIKAC 11－12 LE
b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.under control A．有影响
( )2.benefit from B．得以控制
( )3.be determined to C．设立，成立，建立
( )4.give up D．公开宣布；把秘密公开
( )5.break into a smile E．从……中获益
( )6.make a difference F．放弃；戒掉
( )7.set up G．下决心做
( )8.go public H．同时
( )9.at the same time I．突然笑起来
( )10.save sb.from... J．站起身来
( )11.keep records of K．去世
( )12.at one point L．一度；在某处
( )13.rise to one's feet M．把某人从……拯救出来
( )14.pass away N．记录
[答案] 1－5 BEGFI 6－10 ACDHM 11－14 NLJK
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．contribution n． 贡献
2．relief n. 减轻，缓解
3．effective adj. 有效的，产生预期效果的
4．fund v. 为……提供资金，资助
5．earn v. 挣(钱)
6．donate v. 捐赠，捐献
7．disease n. 疾病，病
8．generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的
9．hesitate v. 迟疑，犹豫
10．aid v. 帮助，援助
11．achievement n. 成绩，成就
12．major adj. 重要的，主要的
13．treatment n. 治疗；疗法
14．further adj. 更多的，附加的
Ⅰ.选词填空
reality；donate；shortage；insight；funded；foundation；effective；relief；fountain；internal
1．His timely money really funded me to pay for the car.
2．The drinking fountain in our school is built up for our health.
3．The foundation set up last month is really beneficial for the local people.
4．Every time I talk to her，she surprises me with her insight．
5．The medicine is not for internal use.
6．The freshwater shortage in this area should be paid more attention to.
7．Much to my relief you arrived at home safe and sound.
8．The new medicine is effective in controlling the bad disease.
9．Many people came to donate money to the earthquake?stricken area.
10．If you want to make your dream a reality，you'd better start now.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．We are glad to see the extension (extend)of new technology into developing countries.
2．His disability (ability) led to his failing to pass the exam.
3．The couple generously(generous) donated their books to the village.
4．He made up his mind to give up without hesitation (hesitate)．
5．The assistance (assist) they got was mainly from charities of China.
6．We need written confirmation(confirm) before we can send your order out.
7．The scientist made a great achievement (achieve) in space.
8．Thanks to the timely treatment (treat)，the old man was saved from death.
9．The majority (major) of the villagers came to welcome the far?away friend.
10．Have you filled in the registration (register) form?
1．He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain.
他望着教室那头的饮水机。
2．Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump.
70美元只够买一个手压泵。
3．At the same time，a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public.
与此同时，瑞恩母亲的一位朋友帮助将他的事迹公布于众。
4．At one point，the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives.
在某个时刻，主持人请观众中被尼古拉斯·温顿曾经救过命的人站起来。
课文助读
①six?year?old 六岁的 作表语时用six years old
②have trouble believing很难相信，句式：have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
③spoken by his teacher 过去分词短语作定语，修饰the words
④that引导同位语从句，解释说明前面的words的内容。此时的that在从句不作任何句子成分，只起连接词的作用
⑤developing adj.发展中的；developed adj.发达的
⑥look across...at sth.望着……那头的某物，across prep.穿过；横穿，横过；fountain n．喷水池，冷饮柜
⑦have to 不得不
⑧so...that 如此……以至于……；so后面接形容词或者副词，that引导结果状语从句
⑨make them sick 使他们生病 sick adj.生病的，患病的，此处作宾语补足语
⑩but hard for those people中but是并列连词，hard for those people是省略句，省略掉了life is
?at first 起初；首先
?to earn money to build a single well
第一个不定式to earn money作表语，解释说明主语；earn v．挣(钱)
第二个不定式to build a single well 作目的状语
?reach his first target 达到他的第一个目标 target n．目标；靶子
?was told是一般过去时的被动语态
?what they needed 他们所需要的东西。what 引导主语从句，在从句中作need的宾语
?dug near their homes过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的a well。dig(dug，dug)v.挖掘
?give up 放弃；戒掉
?be determined to 下决心做……
?start to do 开始做……
?ask for help from 从……寻求帮助
persuade sb.to 说服某人去做……
at the same time与此同时
go public宣扬出去；公布于众
with which为介词＋which引导非限制性的定语从句，which代指前面的$2，000
no longer 不再
for hours 几个小时
be grateful to sb.对某人感激
invite sb.to do邀请某人做某事
at last 最终；终于
the finished well完工的水井 finished是动词finish的过去分词，此处作定语修饰well
with one's own eyes亲眼
hundreds of几百个；数百个
delighted adj.感到高兴的delightful adj.使人高兴的
turn out 出席(某项活动)；在场
offer v．提供；给予
warmth n．温暖
make a difference有影响；起(重要)作用
break into a smile 突然笑起来
lead sb.to do 引导某人做某事 led是lead的过去式
set up 建立
foundation n．基金会
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
inspired adj.受……激励的；受……影响的
continue to do sth.继续做某事
more and more people 越来越多的人 more是many的比较级
go on 继续下去
have benefited from该句是现在完成时态 benefit from 从……中获益
to ask 不定式作定语修饰前面的the question
not...but...不是……而是……
insight n．顿悟，猛醒
determined adj.坚定的，有决心的
who 引导定语从句，修饰前面的boy
perseverance n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈
make his dream a reality使他的梦想成为现实，a reality作宾语补足语
课文呈现
The Well that Changed the World
1．As a ①six?year?old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan ②had trouble believing the words ③spoken by his teacher ④that many people in ⑤developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water.He ⑥looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain.It was very close—only ten steps away.So，Ryan asked himself，“Why do some African children ⑦have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day? And why is the water ⑧so dirty that it ⑨makes them sick？” Young Ryan thought，“ Life is easy for me，⑩but hard for those people.Why don't I help？”
2．?At first，his plan was?to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours.He soon ?reached his first target of $70，but when he gave the money to a charity，he ?was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well.Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump.Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn't help the children.?What they needed was a well ?dug near their homes.
3．Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn't ?give up.He ?was determined to help other children have clean water.He ?started to?ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.At the same time，a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public.After several months，Ryan had raised the $2，000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water.They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
4．In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.But that was not all.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily.Some even offered him food and gifts.At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him.He really had made a difference for these children.He broke into a joyful smile.
5．Later，Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.Many inspired people gave him their support.Ryan's foundation continues to attract support from more and more people，so the work of building more wells can go on.Today，over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life?changing gift of clean，safe water.
6．Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not“ Why don' t I help？”，but“How can I help today？”．This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six?year?old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.
译文参考
改变世界的一口井
1．当瑞恩还是一个6岁的加拿大小学生时，他很难相信他的老师所说的非洲发展中国家的许多人得不到足够的清洁水的话。他望着教室那头的饮水机。它离得很近，只有十步远。于是，瑞恩问自己：“为什么非洲的孩子每天要走10公里的路去取水？为什么水如此脏以致于使他们生病？”小瑞恩心想：“生活对我来说容易，但对那些人来说就难了。我为什么不帮忙呢？”
2．起初，他的计划是赚些钱在非洲某个地方打一口井。他为家人和邻居擦窗户和做园艺。他很快就实现了第一个70美元的目标，但当他把钱捐给慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上需要2 000美元。70美元只够买一个手压泵。瑞恩明白手压泵帮不了孩子们。他们需要的是在他们家附近打一口井。
3．二千美元是一大笔钱，但瑞恩没有放弃。他决心帮助其他孩子喝到干净的水。他开始向同学和邻居求助，并说服他们捐款。与此同时，瑞恩母亲的一位朋友帮助将他的事迹公布于众。几个月后，瑞恩筹集到了2 000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达一所小学附近打了一口井。学校里的孩子们不再需要走几个小时去取水了。他们很感激他，并邀请他去参观。
4．在乌干达，瑞恩终于亲眼看到了完工的水井。但这还不是全部。他还看到数百名兴高采烈的学生出来欢迎他。他们高兴地唱歌跳舞。有些人甚至给他食物和礼物。起初瑞恩很紧张，但很快他就感到一阵温暖。他真的改变了这些孩子。他突然开心地笑了起来。
5．后来，瑞恩的经历使他建立了一个基金会，鼓励更多的人来帮助他。许多受到鼓舞的人给了他支持。瑞恩的基金会继续吸引越来越多的人的支持，所以建造更多水井的工作可以继续下去。今天，非洲16个国家的80多万人受益于清洁、安全的水这一改变人生的礼物。
6．现在，作为一个成年人，瑞恩说，你要问的问题并不是“为什么我不能帮你？”，而是“我今天能帮什么忙？”这个顿悟来自于一个六岁男孩坚定的态度，他有勇气和毅力使他的梦想成为现实。
速读P14－15教材课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确的，还是错误的，还是没有提及。
1．As a young boy，Ryan could easily understand his teacher's words.( )
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
2．Ryan went to Uganda and helped the people there build a hand pump.( )
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．Ryan earned $2，000 with other's help and donated all the money to charity.( )
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
4．Ryan set up a foundation in Uganda and helped more people there.( )
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
5．As an adult，Ryan is working as a volunteer in Uganda to make his dream come true.( )
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 BCBAC
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．to show their thanks B．to encourage more people
C．to help people in African D．to get clean，safe water
E．to earn more money F．to help him raise more money
1．Ryan decided get clean water to avoid disease.
2．Ryan cleaned windows and did gardening to build a well.
3．People around Ryan all acted for building a well.
4．People in Uganda invited Ryan for Ryan's kind help.
5．Ryan set up a foundation to help those in need.
6．The life?changing gift for people in Uganda was ．
[答案] 1－6 CEFABD
Finding people i n need Ryan had trouble 1.believing the teacher's words and decided to help.
Realizing the dream *His first plan was to 2.earn money and soon reached his 3.target.*The money was not 4.enough for a well which was 5.what people really needed.*Ryan didn't 6.give up and persuaded people around him to 7.donate money.*The children in Uganda were 8.grateful to him and invited him there.
Helping more people Later，Ryan 9.set up a foundation to encourage more people to support him and many people have 10.benefited from clean and safe water.
细读P14－15课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
细读课文，匹配段落大意。
1．Paragraph 1 A．Ryan was invited to Uganda and
visited the well.
2．Paragraph 2 B．Ryan realized his dream with the
help of others.
3．Paragraph 3 C．Ryan was refused for the amount
of his money.
4．Paragraph 4 D．Ryan got the information and
decided to help.
5．Paragraph 5 E．The determination changed a man
for his whole life.
6．Paragraph 6 F．Ryan got more support and helped
more people.
[答案] 1－6 DCBAFE
Ⅱ.单项选择
细读课文，选择最佳答案。
1．Read the passage quickly and choose the main idea.
A．A Canadian boy tried his best to make his dream come true.
B．A Canadian boy collected enough money to dig a well at home.
C．A Canadian boy himself dug a well for people in Uganda.
D．A Canadian boy made the world different because of his efforts.
2．What inspired the Canadian boy to help?
A．The drinking fountain in his school.
B．His teacher's introduction.
C．The dirty water he found.
D．The ten?kilometre distance.
3．What do we know about the boy's effort?
A．His first target was achieved and he did help others.
B．He didn't give up and collect enough money by himself.
C．He made his own story known to the public through the Internet.
D．His effort paid off and he went to see the well in person in Uganda.
4．How can we describe the Canadian boy?
A．Helpful and determined.
B．Joyful and warm?hearted.
C．Hard?working and grateful.
D．Delighted and generous.
5．Which is the direct result of Ryan's effort?
A．Getting more clean water.
B．Setting up a foundation.
C．Building a new well.
D．Making him go public.
[答案] 1－5 DBDAC
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能 ——描写情绪
A．阅读课文中描写情绪的句子。
1．At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him.
2．He broke into a joyful smile.
3．A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
B．判断下列句子是否属于描写情绪。
1．In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.But that was not all.( )
2．They sang and danced happily.( )
3．Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”，but “How can I help today？”．( )
[答案] 1－3 ×√×
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SectionⅡ Starting out & Understanding ideas
1．contribute v．贡献，处理，投稿 →contribution n．贡献
2．short adj.短的，不足的；矮的→shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏
3．effect n．影响，效果，作用→ effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的
4．recycle v．再利用，回收利用→recycled adj.回收再利用的
5．earn v．挣(钱)→earner n．挣钱者
6．donate v．捐赠，捐献→ donation n．捐款，捐赠；捐赠物
7．real adj.实际的，真实的→ reality n．真实，现实
1．contribution n．捐款；定期缴款；贡献；促成作用；稿件
①All contributions for the May issue must be received by Friday.稿件
②He made a very positive contribution to the success of the project.贡献
③These measures would make a valuable contribution towards reducing accidents.促成作用
④The factory still hands in monthly contributions for the laid?off workers.定期缴款
⑤After he earned a large amount of money，he made a contribution to charity.捐款
2．well adv.很好地；充分地adj.情况良好的；健康的n.井
①The conference was very well organized.很好地
②The farmer dug a well in his backyard to get clean water.井
③The surface must be well prepared before you start to paint.充分地
④I don't feel very well so I don't go shopping with you.健康的
⑤As we all know，all is well that ends well.情况良好的
Words And Phrases
contribution n．贡献；捐赠；投稿
(教材P13) the contribution these people made to society这些人为社会所做出的贡献
[例1] All contributions will be gratefully received.
我们对所有捐资表示感谢。
[例2] The school sees its job as preparing students to make a contribution to society.
这所学校以培养学生为社会做贡献为己任。
[造句] 他们在书中没有提及她的贡献。
They didn't mention her contribution in the book.
[知识拓展]
(1)make a contribution/contributions to
对……做出贡献
(2)contribute v. 捐赠；捐献；贡献；促成；导致；投稿
contribute...to... 把……捐献给……；给……投稿
contribute to... 做出贡献；有助于；导致
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Overeating and lack of regular exercise easily contribute to overweight and high blood pressure.
②We contributed ￡5，000 to the earthquake fund.
[小片段填空]
Many people contributed money to Project Hope，which contributed to many children returning to school.A teacher wrote an article about this and contributed it to a newspaper.Such contribution made us feel excited.
许多人给希望工程捐钱，使许多孩子重返校园。一位老师据此写了一篇文章并向报社投了稿。这种捐献让我们很激动。
relief n．减轻，缓解
(教材P13) The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried，is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed.
病人在仔细清洗和干燥皮肤后所感受到的宽慰和舒适程度，是在病床上最常见的观察结果之一。
[例1] Street music gives life to everyone who listens and offers relief from the care of the day.
但是街头音乐赋予了每位倾听者以活力，让人们减轻了生活的烦恼。
[例2] I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination.
当我听说我考试通过的时候，我感到轻松多了。
[造句] 能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。
It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.
[知识拓展]
to one's relief 使某人欣慰的是
relieve v. 解除，减轻
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Much to her relief，she saw the door open.
②She longed for something to relieve (relief)the tiredness of everyday life.
under control在控制中；情况正常
(教材P13) ...it's the best smile in the world；and there's nobody hurt，and the well's under control.
……它是世界上美好的微笑；无人受伤并且油井得以控制。
[例1] If the current violence is to be brought under control，the government needs to act.
政府必须采取行动，才能使目前的暴力行为得到控制。
[例2] If our neighbor continues to refuse to keep his dog under control，we have to take him to court.
如果我们的邻居继续拒绝对他的狗加以控制，我们就不得不控告他了。
[造句] 幸运的是，消防员一来到大火就控制住了。
Luckily，the big fire was under control as soon as the firefighters came.
[知识拓展]
“under＋n.”表示正在进行的动作或表示被动意义，其中名词前不用冠词。
under construction 正在建设中
under repair 在修理中
under discussion 在讨论中
under treatment 正在接受治疗
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①There are four underground lines in this city，and several lines are under construction.
②The question under discussion (discuss)is about education of preschool children.
shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏
(教材P14) Freshwater shortage(less than 1，000 m3/capita/year)淡水短缺(不到1 000立方米/人/年)
[例1] There is no shortage of things to do in the town.
城里不愁找不到活儿干。
[例2] Shortage of hands has reduced our factory's yearly output.
人手不足已使我们厂的年产量减少。
[造句] 张先生似乎认为他的工厂存在劳动力不足的现象。
Mr Zhang seems to believe there is a shortage of workers.
[知识拓展]
short adj. 短的；不足的；矮的，低的
be short for 简称，缩写
be short of 缺少……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①PRC is short for the People's Republic of China.
②We are short of hands(hand)right now.
[小片段填空]
WHO is short for World Health Organization，which is devoted to helping improve the world's health condition.But now it is short of enough experienced medical workers.And it also finds the shortage of freshwater made the living conditions worse in some countries.
WHO是世界卫生组织的简称，该组织主要致力于改善全世界的健康状况。但是现在它缺乏足够多有经验的医务人员。并且它发现淡水的缺乏使一些国家的生活条件更差。
earn vt.挣(钱)
(教材P14) At first，his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.起初，他的计划是赚些钱在非洲某个地方打一口井。
[例1] How much does a cook earn in your country?
在你们国家，一位厨师能挣多少钱？
[例2] I want to earn a lot of money when I grow up.
长大后，我想挣大钱。
[造句] 他工作很努力，但钱赚得不多。
He works hard，but he does not earn much money.
[知识拓展]
earn money＝make money 挣钱
earn one's/a living 谋生
earn one's fame/a reputation 赢得名声
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①How does she earn her (she) living after she left her family?
②He has earned (earn) a good reputation as a teacher since he graduated.
[小片段填空]
After graduating from college，he decided to be a doctor in a small mountain village.Although he didn't earn much money，he earned a great reputation among the villagers.At first，his parents wondered how he earned his living on such little money but gradually they understood him.
大学毕业后，他决定去一个小山村当医生。尽管挣钱不多，但是他在村民中声誉很好。开始他的父母很疑惑他靠那一点钱怎么谋生，但是逐渐地他们理解了他。
give up放弃，停止
(教材P15) Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn't give up.
两千美元是一大笔钱，但是瑞恩没有放弃。
[例1] The following are some ideas to help people to give up smoking.
下面是一些帮助人们戒烟的方法。
[例2] She will give up this journey if the weather isn't so satisfying.
如果天气不那么让人满意，她将放弃这次旅行。
[造句] 没有人能让他放弃他当篮球运动员的梦想。
No one can make him give up his dream of becoming a basketball player.
[知识拓展]
give in (to) 屈服(于)
give out 分发；用光；放出
give away 赠送；泄露
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Can you give out the papers to the students present，please?
②If a person has not had enough sleep，his action will give him away during the day.
break into a smile突然笑起来
(教材P15) He broke into a joyful smile.
他突然开心地笑了起来。
[例1] He is always serious and it is very hard to make him break into a smile.
他总是很严肃，很难让他突然笑起来。
[例2] While reading a storybook，the young girl broke into a smile suddenly.
读故事书的时候，小女孩突然笑了起来。
[造句] 这名学生往教室跑着，突然大笑了起来。
The student broke into a big smile as she came to her classroom.
[知识拓展]
break into 破门而入；强行闯入
break down 出故障；垮掉
break out 爆发；突然发生
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Our car broke down on the way and what's worse，it was getting dark.
②His home was broken (break) into last night and he lost his new bike.
Sentence Patterns
have trouble (in)doing sth.在……方面有困难；做某事费力
(教材P14) As a six?year?old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water.
当瑞恩还是一个6岁的加拿大小学生时，他很难相信他的老师所说的非洲发展中国家的许多人得不到足够的清洁水的话。
句式分析：该句是一个复合句。the words后面的部分是过去分词作定语，其中的that引导同位语从句，解释说明words的内容。该句主句的句式是have trouble (in) doing sth.，表示做某事有困难。
[例1] We had a lot of trouble in finding your home.
我们费了好大的劲儿才找到你家。
[例2] I have great trouble remembering all these numbers in a short time.
短时间内记住这所有的数字很费劲。
[造句] 我知道我想说什么，但我觉得难以向别人表达清楚。
I know what I want to say but I have trouble (in) expressing it clearly to others.
[知识拓展]
have much/some/little/no difficulty/trouble/problem (in) doing sth.
做……有很大/一些/很少/没有困难
have difficulty/trouble/problem with sth.
在……方面有困难
have a hard/good time (in) doing sth.
做某事经历困难/愉快的时光
[翻译]
①The students have great difficulty with(有困难) this type of sentence.
②We had a good time(很开心) in playing tennis.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The children are having fun in playing (play) hide?and?seek.
②You can't imagine the trouble we had finishing (finish) the work ahead of time.
so...that...如此……以至于……
(教材P14) And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？为什么水如此脏以至于使他们生病？
句式分析：该句是一个复合句。 so为副词，修饰形容词dirty；that 为连词，引导结果状语从句。
[例1] The teacher explained the English grammar so clearly that even I could understand it.
老师把英语语法解释的如此清晰，以至于甚至我都能听明白。
[例2] I was so excited that I could not speak.
我很激动以至于说不出话来了。
[造句] 他今天早晨起得早，因此比其他所有同学早到校。
He got up so early this morning that he got to school ahead of all the other classmates.
[知识拓展]
(1)so＋that?clause
(2)such＋that?clause
[翻译]
①He told us so interesting a story(这么有趣的一个故事) that we all laughed.
②He told us such an interesting story(这么有趣的一个故事) that we all laughed.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The stone is so heavy (heavily) that I can't lift it up.
②They are such little children that they can't do anything.
(教材P14) He soon reached his first target of $70，but when he gave the money to a charity，he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well.
[分析] 此句为but连接的并列复合句。but前面是一个主谓宾结构的分句；后面的分句是一个主从复合句，when引导的是时间状语从句；he was told后面是that 引导的宾语从句。
[译文] 他很快就实现了第一个70美元的目标，但当他把钱捐给慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上需要2 000美元。
教材 高考
1.the contribution these people made to society (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) ...old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions...
2.The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried，is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed. (2018·江苏卷) There was no cure，only pain relief.
3.This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six?year?old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ) But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．These reforms made great contributions (contribution) to the stability of the economy.
2．To her relief (relieve)，her husband came home safe and sound at last.
3．Training didn't result in good results and was much less effective (effective)than expected.
4．There is no heating available due to fuel shortages(shortage)．
5．Jack and his wife donated (donate) many of their used clothes to a charity.
6．We had great trouble making him understand (understand) what we taught him.
7．He really made a great difference to the world by his own efforts.
8．So many people in the village benefited from the volunteers' timely help.
9．We could see the delighted (delight) workers jumping happily with the salary in hand.
10．The water here was so dirty that even the animals didn't want to drink.
Ⅱ.短语填空
give up；be determined to；make a contribution；turn out；be grateful to；benefit from；at the same time；under control；make a difference；rise to one's feet
1．Many people in the world have benefited from the arrival of 5G till now.
2．When the hero arrived home，the whole village turned out to greet him.
3．No one could help you give up smoking unless you are willing to.
4．We should be grateful to whoever helped us on our way to success.
5．Once he was determined to quit his job，no one could change him.
6．We will never forget the people who made a contribution to society.
7．He left his office suddenly.At the same time，his cellphone powered off.
8．When the teacher asked him to answer the question，he rose to his feet．
9．I think we should all work for peace.Each of us can make a difference．
10．If you have diabetes，remember to keep your blood sugar under control．
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Ryan is a 1.Canadian (Canada) schoolboy who wanted to make 2.a difference for the world.After learning the news of freshwater 3.shortage (short) in African countries，he made his plan 4.to earn(earn) money to build a well.He cleaned windows 5.and did gardening for others and finally got enough money with the help of people around him.In Uganda he saw the well and many 6.delighted(delight) students.7.Later(late)，his experience led him 8.to set (set)up a foundation to help more people.9.What Ryan did really inspire more people to make their dreams a 10.reality(real)．
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Section Ⅲ Using language
过去分词作定语
[观察例句]
①They bought a lot of used books.
②The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
③He is a retired worker.
④He is fond of the food cooked (＝which is cooked)by your mother.
⑤This is the house built(＝which was built) last year.
⑥From your disappointed voice，I have to say that you are really disappointed.
Ⅰ.过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况
1．前置定语
单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前，表示被动或完成意义。
A类：被动意义
及物动词的过去分词作定语，常表示被动或完成。
an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的工人现在正在医院受到良好的照料。
B类：完成意义
不及物动词的过去分词作定语表示主动和完成，不表示被动。
a retired teacher 一位退休的教师
They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.
他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。
2．后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。如：
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written(＝that has ever been written)．
这将是这类小说中写得最好的。
Who were the so?called guests invited(＝who had been invited) to your party last night?
昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？
Ⅱ.不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别
不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，表示将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，若该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。
作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being＋过去分词”、过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时，用“being＋过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成时，用过去分词。
Suddenly a good idea occurred to her，but she couldn't find any paper to write it on.突然她想到了一个好主意， 但是她找不到纸写下来。
There are many serious health problems associated with smoking.
有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。
Last night，there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.
昨天晚上， 有几百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.
我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。
[即时训练] 完成句子
①他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。
He rushed into the burning house．
②这个男孩总是第一个来到教室。
The boy is always the first to come to the classroom．
③它们都是10年前栽种的树。
They are trees planted ten years ago．
④这些都是发达国家。
These are developed countries．
⑤他每天早上起床后喝一杯开水。
He has a glass of boiled water after he gets up every morning.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The first textbook written(write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
2．What is the language spoken (speak) in such a distant mountain village?
3．Thousands of products made (make) from coal are now in daily use.
4．They had beef and smoked(smoke) fish for supper.
5．The leaves buried (bury) in the earth every year make the soil richer and richer.
6．The trees blown (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.
7．His nephew，lost (lose) at sea when he was fifteen，had been his only relative.
8．Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the wounded (wound) soldiers.
9．The meeting held (hold) yesterday aimed to deal with the problems linked to teenagers' mental health.
10．He left the broken(break) dishes lying on the floor and went out to play.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
It is said that a course 1.offered(offer) at a university in East China will give the mark 2.linked (link) to the weight loss in order to limit student obesity(肥胖)．
The course 3.aimed (aim) to encourage students to control their diets is from Zhou Quanfu，a teacher at Nanjing Agricultural University and it also has the purpose of increasing 4.their (they) exercise.Zhou said 60 percent of a student's grade will 5.be determined (determine) by their weight loss.If they manage to reduce 7 percent of their 6.original (origin)weight，they can pass the course.One student，7.who declined to give her real name said that the students ran on treadmill (跑步机) in the school's fitness room and walked 10 kilometres every Monday 8.and Friday evening.Every Wednesday afternoon，they will have a mountain?climbing trip 9. led (lead) by the teacher.The students use mobile apps to record daily food intake.Before eating they send photos 10.of their food via the app for suggestions from nutritionists.
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Section Ⅳ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
阅读 Reading 2 的材料，选出最佳选项
1．Who is Nicholas Winton?
A．A great man who saved others from death.
B．A brave man who once served in the army.
C．An respectable man who received various honors.
D．All of the above.
2．What made Nicholas Winton so great and respected?
A．Helping people in danger.
B．Working as a business man.
C．The British TV programme.
D．Being a Jewish people.
3．What do we know about the Nicholas Winton's great behaviour?
A．As a German Jewish he was always helpful.
B．What he saw in Prague inspired him to do that.
C．His friend asked him to help people escape.
D．The British government paid all the cost.
4．Why did his great behaviour kept for so long?
A．Because his wife didn't find the secret before.
B．Because no TV station invited him to share.
C．Because he didn't want to mention his memories.
D．Because the children he saved forgot him.
[答案] 1－4 DABC
Words And Phrases
extend v．持续；延伸
(教材P17) Since 1953, UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world，including those living with diseases or disabilities，and...1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会承担了一份扩大的任务去帮助发展中国家的儿童，包括患有疾病或残疾的那些人……
[例1] The show has been extended for another two weeks.展览会又延长了两周。
[例2] Our playing fields extend as far as those trees.
我们的操场延伸到那些树前。
[造句] 我们决定将我们的参观延长一天。
We decided to extend our visit for one day.
[知识拓展]
extension n． 延长；延期；扩大；伸展；电话分机
extended adj. 延伸的；扩大的；长期的；广大的
extend to sth. (使)达到，伸展到……
extend one's arms 伸出两臂
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The extended (extend) meeting came to an end late into the night.
②His arms were extended (extend) to welcome his long?lost friend.
hesitate v．犹豫，迟疑
(教材P18) She is usually very shy，but she's generous and never hesitates to help.
她通常很害羞，但是当帮忙时从来不迟疑。
[例1] The Mullers didn't hesitate to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.
穆勒一家毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上的(需要帮助的)人，并告诉他们可以随时打电话。
[例2] I hesitated a lot about whether to tell him the bad news.
我犹豫了很久是否要告诉他这个坏消息。
[造句] 需要任何帮助都不要犹豫给我打电话。
Don't hesitate to contact me if you need any help.
[知识拓展]
(1)hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫，踌躇，迟疑；不情愿
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She wouldn't hesitate to spend (spend) on a good haircut.
②A man rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation (hesitate)．
[小片段填空]
Xiaozhou is a man who likes to hesitate to make any decision.Although too much hesitation has caused him many troubles，he still can't make a quick decision.Yesterday he jumped into the river without hesitation to save the drowning girl.He is really a hero.
小周是个做任何决定都犹豫不决的人。尽管犹豫太多给他带来了不少的麻烦，他依然不能迅速的做出决定。昨天他毫不犹豫地跳下河去救溺水的女孩。他真是个英雄！
come up with提出；想出；赶上
(教材P18) He often comes up with good ideas.
他总是能想出好点子。
[例1] He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.
1989年，当他在瑞士工作时，他提出了(创建)万维网的想法。
[例2] I was amazed that he'd come up with this sweet idea.
我很惊讶他想到了这么好的主意。
[造句] 有几位成员提出了自己的建议。
Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.
[知识拓展]
come up 走近；上来；被提出，被提及(不用被动)
come about 发生；产生
come across 遇见，(偶然)发现；被理解
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Is this your necklace，Mary? I came across it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.
②How did it come about that he knew where we were?
aid v．帮助，援助
(教材P20) In December 1938，a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.1938年12月，一个朋友让温盾来布拉格帮助那些正要从纳粹分子那里逃跑的人。
[例1] Tom's uncle aided him in getting a new job.
汤姆的叔叔帮他找一份新工作。
[例2] The new test should aid in the early finding of the disease.
新的化验应该有助于早早检查出这种疾病。
[造句] 这个设备的设计是为了帮助老年人走路。
The design of the device is to aid the old in walking.
[知识拓展]
aid n． 帮助；援助；助手
first aid 急救
go to the aid of sb./go to one's aid 去帮助某人
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It is very important to learn how to do timely first aid(急救)．
②Aided (aid) by heat and strong winds，the fire quickly spread.
rise to one's feet 站起身
(教材P21) A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
震惊的温盾看着大多数人站起了身。
[例1] As the leader came into the stadium，the crowd rose to their feet to shout and cheer.
当领先的运动员进入体育场，全场观众都会站起来向他欢呼喝彩。
[例2] Rise to your feet when the visitor comes in.
来宾进来时请大家站起来。
[造句] 当老科学家进来的时候，观众们都起立致敬。
When the old scientist came in，the audience all rose to their feet to show their respect.
[知识拓展]
jump to one's feet 跳起
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
on foot 徒步；步行
stand on one's own feet 自立；独立自主
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He jumped to his feet (foot) and ran out of the office.
②The injured woman struggled to her (she) feet and went on.
achievement n．成就，成绩
(教材P21) Later，Winton received various honours for his achievement，including a knighthood in 2003...
后来温盾因为他的成就获得了各种各样的荣誉，其中包括2003年的骑士奖章……
[例1] Tiangong Ⅱ's launching was an important historical achievement for China，even for the whole world.天宫Ⅱ号的发射是中国乃至全世界的一次重要的历史成就。
[例2] Einstein was famous for his scientific achievements.
爱因斯坦因他的科学成就而著名。
[造句] 如果你想取得一些成就，就应该在某个领域有所专长。
If you want to make some achievements，you should be specialized in some area.
[知识拓展]
(1)make an achievement in 在……方面取得成就
a sense of achievement 成就感
(2)achieve vt. 实现(目标、理想等)；取得(胜利、
成功等)
achieve one's goal 实现某人的目标
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I felt a great sense of achievement when I reached the top of the mountain.
②They have achieved (achieve) a lot in treating the new disease since last year.
Sentence Patterns
on doing 一……就……
(教材P20) On leaving school，Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
一毕业，温盾就在德国和法国的银行工作。
句式分析：句中的on doing sth.表示“一……就……”，相当于as soon as 引导的时间状语从句。该句可以改为as soon as Winton left school.
[例1] On arriving home after work，Mum began to be busy preparing supper for the whole family.
下班后一到家，妈妈就开始忙着为全家人准备晚饭。
[例2] On hearing the news of success，they jumped with joy.
一听见成功的消息，他们高兴地跳了起来。
[造句] 一离开校园，学生们就高兴地唱了起来。
On leaving school，the students began to sing happily.
[知识拓展]
once doing 一旦做某事
when/while doing 当……时
after doing 做完……后
[翻译]
①Once making a promise(一旦做出承诺)，you should try your best to fulfil it.
②When staying at home(在家时)，I often play chess with my grandpa.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①On seeing the teacher coming (come) into the classroom，all students stood up.
②When seeing (see) her mother，the little girl dropped the toy and rushed to her.
where引导非限制性定语从句
(教材P20) He returned to Britain in 1931，where he worked in business.
1931年，他返回英国，在那里开始做生意。
句式分析：where引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面主句中的先行词。
[例1] They went to London，where they lived for six months.
他们去了伦敦，在那儿待了六个月的时间。
[例2] They reached there yesterday，where a negotiation of sale will be held.
他们昨天抵达那里，有一个关于销售的谈判在那儿举行。
[造句] 昨晚他们去了公园，在那里他丢了他的手表。
Last night they went to the park，where he lost his watch.
[知识拓展]
(1)非限制性定语从句，即非限定性定语从句，有逗号与先行词隔开在句中主要起补充说明作用，如果去掉也不会影响对主句的理解。
(2)非限制性定语从句的关系词
①引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词：as，which，who。
②引导非限定性定语从句的关系副词主要有：when，where。
③which引导的非限定性定语从句用来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分。
④as在非限定性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引出的从句位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中间。
[翻译]
①Last night，I saw a very good film，which(那部电影) was about the Long March.
②This letter is from my sister，who(我姐姐) is working at a factory now.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I paid a visit to the company last month，where my brother are working.
②My grandpa's childhood is bitter，when he lived a hard life.
细节理解题(2)
提分技巧：有些细节理解题需要综合多条信息得出结论，这类属于概括细节理解题。概括细节理解题要求通过思维分析将原文中比较分散或复杂的信息进行归纳，即要“综合事实定答案”。首先，通过关键词定区间。就是说我们在阅读题干的时候迅速把题干中的关键词标记出来，然后根据关键词回到原文当中定位相关的段落、语句。然后通过概括定选项。概括细节理解题可能涉及文章某一段或几段，甚至贯穿全文的各个位置，需要考生寻找文章中的多个细节。然后尝试用自己的语言去归纳文中的信息或事实，然后再看选项，挑选出和自己所归纳的信息最接近的选项作为正确答案。
[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读C节选)
...
Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls，roofs and corridors.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．
Wang's works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance，he had created a new type of Chinese architecture，said Tadao Ando，the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
...
30．What made Wang's architectural design a success?
A．The mixture of different shapes.
B．The balance of East and West.
C．The use of popular techniques.
D．The harmony of old and new.
D [根据选文第一段第三句“This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．”和选文第二段第二句中的“Through such a balance，he had created a new type of Chinese architecture”可知，传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘诀，故选D。]
请迅速找出下面段落中的针对该题目的概括类信息
(2017·北京高考·阅读A节选)
...
Amazingly，Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before.Still，she hesitated.She didn't think she knew it well enough.But when no one else came forward，Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR.“It was scary.I knew it was the difference between life and death，” says Taylor.
Taylor's swift action helped her teammates calm down.One girl called 911.Two more ran to get the school nurse，who brought a defibrillator，an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work.Luck stayed with them；Paris's heartbeat returned.
...
Experts say Paris is right：For a sudden heart failure，the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
...
57．Why does Paris say she was lucky？( )
A．She made a worthy friend.
B．She recovered from shock.
C．She received immediate CPR.
D．She came back on the softball team.
C [根据选文第一段中的“But when no one else came forward，Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR.”以及选文第二段“在队友和学校护士的帮助下Paris的心跳恢复了(Paris's heartbeat returned)”以及选文第三段中的“For a sudden heart failure，the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.”概括可知，Paris说她很幸运是因为她得到了及时的心肺复苏(CPR)救助。]
人物传记
人物传记类文章属于记叙文的写作范畴，一般都是对被写的人的基本情况(如年龄、出生地、家庭背景、所受教育等)作简单的概述，然后在叙述其事迹或者在某个领域中所做出的的贡献，最后在对其进行评价。写作时，要做到主题鲜明，内容清晰，并注意结构的完整性。
[基本框架]
1．开头(introduction)——简要介绍某个人物及其成就；
2．主体(body)——按照时间或者成就顺序描写该人物；
3．结尾(ending)——你对该人物及其成就的评价。
[常用词块]
1．be born in a common family出生在一个普通家庭
2．in his twenties在他二十几岁的时候
3．graduate from college从大学毕业
4．spare no effort in finding out the truth不遗余力地发现真相
5．make a great achievement in sports在运动方面取得很大成就
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．Brought up by his grandparents，Jack showed a strong interest in plants and insects.
杰克由祖父母养大，从小就对植物和昆虫产生了浓厚的兴趣。
2．Whenever you turn on a light，listen to the CD，or watch TV you are enjoying one of the discoveries of Thomas Alva Edison.
无论何时，你打开灯、听听音乐或者看看电视，你正在享受托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生的其中一项发明。
3．Li Yan，an engineer，was born on February，1965 in Beijing，China.
李岩是一名工程师，1965年2月出生于中国北京。
★丰满主体
1．As a little girl，she began to show a gift in playing piano.
小时候，她就开始展现演奏钢琴方面的天赋。
2．In order to develop trade and friendship between China and other countries，he spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries.
为了发展中国和其他国家的贸易和友谊，他花了28年的时间在海上航行，去过三十多个国家。
3．Qi Baishi's interest changed later to simple things from everyday life，such as vegetables，flowers，birds and insects.
齐白石的兴趣后来转向日常生活中的简单的东西，如蔬菜、花鸟和昆虫。
★余味结尾
1．He set a good example for us to follow in achieving our ambition.
在实现抱负上他为我们树立了很好的榜样。
2．She is honored as one of the greatest writers in Chinese literature.
她被誉为中国文学界最伟大的作家之一。
3．His achievements in space exploration are spoken highly of in China even the whole world.
他在太空探索方面的成就在中国乃至全世界都受到高度评价。
假设你是高中生李华。你们学校的校报英文版正在举行以“我最喜爱的作家”为主题的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文介绍你最喜欢的小说家简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen)并向校报投稿。写作内容如下：
姓名 简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen)
出生于 十八世纪末
国籍 英国
受教育于 父亲、兄长以及书籍阅读
代表作 《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)
作品中女性的特点 独立、聪明、勇敢
注意：1.词数：80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[参考范文]
Among the writers at home and abroad，Jane Austen remains the most beloved writer of mine.
Born in the late 18th century，Jane Austen was a well?known English novelist whose works earned her a place as one of the most widely read writers in English literature.She was educated primarily by her father and older brothers as well as through her own reading.The heroines in her books are all fearless，intelligent and independent.No matter how difficult it is for their dreams to come true，they always act with courage and determination.These are the characteristics that I really admire，which is why Austen's books are so appealing to me.
Among all her published books，I like Pride and Prejudice best.I aim to be a woman like Elizabeth Bennet.
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