Unit 3 How do you get to school?单词讲解（PDF版）

Unit3 How do you get to school？
n .【C】 火车 ① take the train (做谓语)→She takes the train to Beijing.
1、train ② by train（做方式状语）→She goes to school by train.
①train sb as sth 把某人培养成
v. 培训、训练 ②train sb for sth 为某事训练某人
tained→trained ③train sb in sth 在某方面训练某人
④train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事


training n. 【U】 训练 much training in soccer 在足球方面的大量训练

2、bus n. 【C】buses ①take a bus ②on/in a bus ③by bus ④bus station.公交车站
at the bus stop /station minibus 面包车，小型公共汽车
3、subway n. 【C】subways take the subway 乘地铁 on/in the subway

乘 坐 交 通 工 具
(1)take +a/an/the + 表示交通工具的名词，乘……去某地,是动词短语，在句中作谓语。

(2)by + 表示交通工具的单数名词或 on/in + a/an/the/one’s+表示交通工具的单数名词，介词短
语 做 方式状语。
I walk to school.= I get to school on foot. walk = go ..on foot
I ride my bike to school.= I get to school by bike.=I get to school on my bike. by
bike= ride a / my bike
I take the bus to school.= I get to school by bus=I get to school on the bus.
drive (a car )to work = go to work by car = go to work in a car by car = drive a /
my car
fly to shanghai = go to shanghai by plane/air = take the/a plane to shanghai = go to
shanghai on a/an/the plane.
【注意】by + 表示交通工具的单数名词时，名词前不能加任何冠词或者其他修饰词。
v. 骑 →rides→riding→rode→ridden 后可接 bike, horse, motorbike 等
ride a / my bike=on my bike ride a horse 骑马
4、ride n. ⑴(乘车或骑车的)短途旅行①a train ride 火车旅程 a bike ride
②a ten-minute bus ride 十分钟的汽车行程 ③ give sb a ride 捎某人一程
⑵搭便车 get a ride

5、bike n. 【C】=bicycle on a bike ride our bikes
6. get to/ arrive in/arrive at/ reach
1). reach 后不用加介词如 I reach school.
2). get 要加介词 to，但接副词时不用,如 here,there,home
3). get to 直接加地点名词
4). arrive in/at 也直接加地方，但 in 是大地方，at是小地方
5). reach,get,get to,arrive in/at 都是及物动词，但 arrive 不加介词时
是不及物动词， 可以不加宾语.
eg:I arrived (early). 我到达了。不能说 I reach,/get/,get to,它们后面要加宾语。
即学即 练：
1)—When can you school? --I get to school at seven.
2) They Beijing yesterday.
3) They the bus stop.
4) We home at six.
7、sixty→sixtieth forty→fortieth fifty→fiftieth
seventy→seventieth eighty ----- eightieth ninety------ ninetieth
8、hundred num. hundredth 第一百
(1)two hundred 二百 表示具体的“几百”时，用“基数词+hundred”表示，注意此时 hundred 不
能加 s. eg. I have six hundred apples.
(2)hundreds of 表示“数百；成百上千的”，这是 hundred 后面有 s,而且 hundreds 后面要有介词
of, 并且不能与数词连用。
(3)one hundred and five 一百零五




9、minute n. minutes There are sixty minutes in an hour.一小时有 60分钟。
20 minutes’ walk/ride 走/骑车二十分钟的路程 in a minute
10、far adj be far ( away ) from +sp 具体数字+away from
how far 问距离 How far is it from A to B
How far is B from A
how old how about how long
11、kilometer(s ) (=kilometres) n. meters kilos a kilo of.... It is five kilometers.
12. new adj. 新的 newer newest【反】old a new car news(C)
与 hundred 用法类似的还有单词：thousand“千”，million“百万”，billion
“十亿”。它们的用法和 hundred 一样，可以用来表示约数和确数。
13.every adj.每个；每一 其后接单数可数名词。every day /week/year“每天” everyone
each of+n.(pl)
14. （1)everyday adj.，“每天的、日常的” 常用作定语 I study everyday English every
day.
（2)every day 表示某事发生的 频率，“每天，每日、天天” 用作副词短语, 作状语
Eg. I go to school every day.
15. by prep. ①. （指交通等）乘； The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽车来的。
②. 表示做某事的方式、方法 结构：by+V-ing --How do you study for a
test ?
--By doing exercises
16. by bike

vt. →drives →driving→ drove→driven drive+交通工具 car
vi. Can you drive? Don' t drive so fast.
17.drive vt. 迫使；驱使 drive sb from /out of sth 把某人从某地驱除去
drive sb into a corner 将某人逼入困境
drive sb adj./to do sth 使某人…/做某事 make/keep 使动词
18.car n. 【C】小汽车；轿车 by car/in a car
19.live vt.生活;居住 lives living lived lived
live in 居住，生活 I like to live in the country.乡村
live on sth. “以某物为食” Sheep live on grass.草
live a ...life “过、、、生活” The old man lives a happy life.
20. 交通方式
●用介词.在句子中做方式状语.
①by +交通工具名词(中间无需任何修饰)by bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ plane/ subway/
train……
②by +交通路线的位置 by land/ water/ sea/ air
③in/ on +冠词/物主代词/指示代词 +交通工具名词 in a/ his/ the car /boat
on a/ his/ the bus/ bike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbike
④on foot 步行 go to /get to sp on/ in+交通工具名词
●用动词. 在句子中做谓语.
①take + a/ the +交通工具名词 take a bus/ plane/ ship/ train ride a bike
②walk/ drive/ ride/ fly to…(后面接 here.there.home 等地点副词时.省略介词 to.)如步行回家
walk home


21. spend，cost，take 和 pay 都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。
? spend 的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：spend → spent→spent→spending→spends
(1) sb + spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。
例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
(2)sb+ spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。
例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
? cost 的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， cost→cost →cost→costing→costs 常见
用法如下：
(1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱, 某物花了（某人）多少钱。
例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。
例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单
词。
注意：cost 的过去式及过去分词都是 cost,并且不能用于被动句。
? take 花费 后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：
(1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。
例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
? pay 的基本用法是：
(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。
例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付 20 英磅的房租。
(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。
(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例：Don't worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。
(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month. 他们每月给我们报酬。
（5）pay money back 还钱。例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week.
你能借给我 12块钱吗？下周还你。
即学即练：
1) He often spends much time playing computer games.
2) It usually takes her two hours to do her homework.
3) How much did the new cell phone cost you?
4) Allan paid 380 yuan for the e-dictionary.
【拓展】辨析 spend, pay, take 和 cost
spend 主语是人 spend...on sth./spend...(in) doing sth.
pay 主语是人 pay for sth./pay sb. for sth.
take 主语是 it It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
cost 主语是物 sth. costs sb.+金钱

n. 车站 at the stop 在车站
get off at the next stop 在下个车站下车 get off/get on
23. stop v.(使) 停止；停下 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事(去做)
I am too tired ,I stop to have a rest.
stop doing sth 停止正在做的事（不做）
When the teacher comes ,we will stop talking.