课件20张PPT。Section Ⅰ Warming Up and
Reading—Comprehension1．________n．陈述；说明
2．________vt.& vi. 迎接；问候
3．________vt. 代表；象征
4．________n. 社团；联系；联想statement greet represent association 5．________adj. 好奇地
________adv. 好奇地
________n. 好奇心
6．________vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近
n. 接近；方法；途径
7．________vt. 保护；保卫
________n. 防御；保卫curious curiously curiosity approach defend defence 8．________adj. 主要的
9．________vt. 误解；误会
________n. 误解；误会
10．________adj. 口语的
________adj. 未说出口的；非口语的
11．________adj. 可能的major misunderstand misunderstanding spoken unspoken likely Ⅱ.重点短语(记清搭配)
1．put ________ 举起；抬起
2．________ defence 保卫；防御
3．________ the contrary 相反地
4．be________ to 很可能……；有希望……
5．________ general 总的来说；通常up in on likely in 6．defend________ 保卫……以免受……
7．in place________ 代替
8．________ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
9．reach________ 伸出
10．shake hands________ 与……握手against of at out with Ⅲ.重点句式(熟练模仿)
1．部分否定；倒装
Not all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也不尽相同。[仿写] ①并非所有的竹子长得都高。
__________________grows tall.
②他从不努力学习。
Never________________he________________.
答案 1.①Not all bamboo ②does；study hard 2．way后接定语从句
These actions are not good or bad，but are simply ways in which cultures have developed.
这些行为都无所谓好与坏，只不过是文化发展的方式不同而已。
[仿写] 我不理解他对待父母的那种方式。
I can’t understand the way________________his parents.
答案 2.in which he treats 3．The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
第一个到达的人是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是来自英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
[仿写] 他今天迟到了，然而老师还是原谅了他，因为他通常都是最早到校的。
He was late today，nevertheless his teacher forgave him，for he was the first________________.
答案 3.to arrive at school in generalⅠ.Fast-reading
Read the text quickly and choose the best answer.
1．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Two university students meet the international students at the airport.
B．Men and women use different body language in foreign countries.
C．Different cultures have different body language.
D．There are different kinds of cultures in the world.
答案 1.C
2．Match the general idea of every paragraph.
Paragraph 1 A．To suggest studying international customs.
Paragraphs 2&3 B．To meet the international students at the Capital International Airport.
Paragraph 4 C．To introduce the students to each other and explain their different ways of greeting.
Paragraph 5 D．To explain different cultural “body language” in some countries.
答案 2．Para.1—B Paras.2&3—C Para.4—D Para.5—AⅡ.Careful-reading
(Ⅰ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What is the main idea of the text?
A．The differences of communication among the countries all over the world.
B．To tell a story about a business meeting.
C．To introduce different people from different parts of the world.
D．To tell you something about the Capital International Airport.
答案 A 2．How did Tony Garcia greet Julia Smith?
A．He shook hands with her.
B．He touched her shoulder and kissed her.
C．He smiled at her.
D．He bowed to her.
答案 B 3．People from________seldom touch strangers，while people from________are more likely to touch others.
A．England；Spain，Italy or South American countries
B．France；Spain，America or England
C．Spain；Italy，England or South American countries
D．Spain；Italy，England or America
答案 A
4．Will Ahmed Aziz stand very close to Madam Coulon when they are talking？Why?
A．Yes，he will.Because he knows her well.
B．No，he won’t.Because he doesn’t know her.
C．Yes，he will.Because it is the custom of his country.
D．No，he won’t.Because Ahmed Aziz is from Jordan and men from there will often stand quite close to other men to talk but will usually not touch women.
答案 D 5．How many visitors are there in the text?
A．8 B．7
C．6 D．5
答案 C (Ⅱ)Read the passage carefully and then answer the following questions.
1．How many international students are mentioned in the story?
___________________________________
___________________________________
答案 1.Six.2．Is the author male or female？How do you know?
___________________________________
___________________________________
答案 2．Male.Because Ahmed Aziz who is from Jordan only shakes hands with men.3．How did Tony and Darlene greet each other?
___________________________________
___________________________________
答案 3．They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek，which is the French custom when adults meet people they know.Unit 4 Body language
Section Ⅱ Warming Up and Reading
——Language Points
[随堂巩固]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They said at the meeting that they ________ (代表) the committee.
2．What ________ (联想) do you have with the color green?
3．The boy was ________ (好奇的) about everything he saw.
4．He cautiously ________ (走近) the house only to find that nobody was there.
5．In Britain，the ________(保卫) of the country has historically been left to the navy.
6．It is obvious that she has________(误解)me.
7．The criminal’s________(陈述)doesn’t agree with the fact.
8．In this sense，children and ________ (成人)have equal rights.
9．I got off the truck at the ________(十字路口)．
10．This book will help you with both ________(口头的) and written English.
答案 1.represented 2.association 3.curious 4.approached 5.defence 6.misunderstood 7.statement 8.adults 9.crossroads 10.spoken
Ⅱ.短语选填
represent...as...，in the majority，in defence of，major in，close to，the approach of，be likely to，in general
1．Among the English teachers in our school，women teachers are________________.
2．Evidence has been found through years of study that children’s early sleeping problems________________ continue when they grow up.
3．My son________________economics at Beijing University.
4．She________________________herself______________________an expert in English.
5．________________winter brings cold weather.
6．He joined the army________________his country.
7．It was raining heavily.As little Mary felt cold，she stood________________her mother.
8．________________，most teenagers now listen to pop music.However，John prefers classical music.
答案 1.in the majority 2.are likely to 3.majors in 4.represents；as 5.The approach of 6.in defence of 7.close to 8.In general
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Yesterday，another student and I,1.______________(represent) our university’s student association，went 2.______(meet)this year’s international students.The first person 3.________(arrive)was Tony Garcia，closely 4.________(follow)by Julia Smith from Britain.Then Akira Nagata 5.________Japan came in 6.________(smile)，together with George Cook from Canada.As I get to know more international friends，I learn 7.________(much) about this cultural “body language”．Not all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they 8.________(comfort)in the same way with touching or distance between people.In general,9.____________(study) international customs can help 10.________(avoid)difficulties.
答案 1.representing 2.to meet 3.to arrive 4.followed 5．from 6.smiling 7.more 8.comfortable 9.studying 10．avoid/to avoid
[限时训练]
[限时30分钟]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
During a visit to Australia，former President George W．Bush tried to signal a peace sign by waving the two fingers or V-sign at the crowd.You may think of this as a simple gesture，but he made a big mistake.Instead of his palm facing outwards，it faced inwards.In Australia，it means “go to hell”！Therefore，it is very important to understand the meanings of hand gestures in different cultures before you travel to different countries.
The dog call
The dog call is a gesture where you curl your index finger(食指)and call someone towards you.It is acceptable in America and England.This gesture is considered rude in many Asian countries such as Japan.In Singapore this gesture means death.Do not use this hand gesture in the Philippines because this hand gesture is to be used only for dogs there.
The moutza
While talking to a friend，you may open your palm and stretch out your fingers.But it is a traditional gesture of insult(侮辱)among Greeks.It means that you are thrusting your hand in the face of the opposite person.This suggests that you are asking the person to leave you alone.In America，it means “talk to the hand”，which basically means “I’m not listening to you”．
The fig
The fig is a gesture that is indicated by a fist.The thumb is seen poking out of the index and middle fingers.This is a good hand gesture in different cultures，as it indicates good luck.However，the fig is a very offensive(冒犯的)gesture to the Italians and Turks.
The clenched fist
One of the aggressive(挑衅的)hand gestures is the clenched(紧握的)fist.This means one is trying to pick a fight or trying to warn the opposite person to back off.In Asian countries，a clenched fist will surely land you into a fist fight.
[语篇解读] 身势语是一个民族文化的组成部分，当你计划出国旅游时最好对其做一点了解，以避免误解和尴尬。
1．The writer mentioned George W．Bush in Paragraph 1 in order to________.
A．prove everyone can use wrong hand gestures
B．tell us the importance of world peace
C．lead to the topic of the passage
D．introduce a peace sign
解析 目的意图题。文章主要是关于手势语言的，文章第一段提到布什在澳大利亚的行为只是为了引出下文，故选C。
答案 C
2．Which of the following gestures won’t make Americans angry but will make people in the Philippines angry?
解析 细节理解题。根据表格第一格的“It is acceptable in America and England.”可知the dog call在美国是可以使用的，但在菲律宾，这个手势只对狗使用，故选C。
答案 C
3．In America，if you want to stop someone from going on talking，you can use the gesture of________.
A．the dog call B．the moutza
C．the fig D．the clenched fist
解析 细节理解题。根据表格第二格的“In America，it means ‘talk to the hand’，which basically means ‘I’m not listening to you’．”可知the moutza这个手势在美国可以用来阻止别人继续说下去。
答案 B
4．What do we know about the hand gesture of the fig?
A．It is not a friendly gesture in Italy or Turkey.
B．It is a very offensive hand gesture in most countries.
C．In most Asian countries it can easily lead to a fist fight.
D．It indicates good luck in all cultures around the world.
解析 推理判断题。根据表格第三格的“However，the fig is a very offensive gesture to the Italians and Turks.”可知the fig这个手势在意大利和土耳其具有冒犯意味。
答案 A
B
If you want to succeed in life，you need to express the proper body language，with or without having to say anything else.You will certainly notice a whole new reaction from people if you use the power of body language.
Relax your shoulders，keep your hands at your sides(never inside your pockets) and breathe slowly.Have a warm，welcoming facial expression as if you look forward to communicating.Depending on the situation，you may smile when appropriate.
Face the other person or your audience and keep eye contact as much as possible throughout the talk.Nodding and tilting(倾斜) your head closer can show that you are listening.
Do not fold(交叉) your arms，look down at the floor or put your hands in your pockets.These can show that you are uninterested.If you have any comments，you can show them in negative but respectful ways like raising your eyebrows.
A lot of your body language can show how confident，interested，bored，angry or nervous you are.Keeping your head up throughout the entire conversation can show that you are very much into the conversation at hand.
You may feel free to use a few hand gestures to emphasize(强调) a point.If you’re enumerating things，it’s better to use each of your fingers as you mention each item to help your audience keep track.
Pacing will help you create more ground if you have a larger crowd to communicate with.It will also show confidence on your part as you think of more things to say.
Be very careful when touching the other person since you are crossing the boundaries(界限) of body language through actual contact.Remember that in body language，it is your body that does the talking for you.
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了一些身体语言表示的意义。
5．According to the text，if you find a listener raising his eyebrows，he may________.
A．try to show his anger
B．want to give his own opinion
C．not understand what you say
D．want to prove his confidence
解析 细节理解题。由第四段中“If you have any comments，you can show them in...like raising your eyebrows.”这一信息可知B项正确。
答案 B
6．The underlined word “enumerating” in Para.6 may mean“________”．
A．considering B．judging
C．numbering D．discussing
解析 词义猜测题。由第六段中“You may feel free to use a few hand gestures to emphasize(强调)a point.”以及画线词后面的“...it’s better to use each of your fingers as you mention each item to help your audience keep track.”可知C项正确。
答案 C
7．What is the most suitable title for the text?
A．The power of body language
B．The attraction of body language
C．The origin of body language
D．The understanding of body language
解析 标题归纳题。由第一段最后一句“You will certainly notice a whole new reaction from people if you use the power of body language.”可知，A项正确。
答案 A
8．What’s the author’s suggestion if you have a larger crowd to communicate with?
A．To walk at a slow pace.
B．To shake hands with every person.
C．To look down at the floor.
D．To fold your arms.
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，如果与“你”交流的人比较多，建议“你”能慢慢移动步子去跟不同的人交流。故选A。
答案 A
Ⅱ.阅读填句
Ireland now has one of the best education systems in the world.Class sizes are small，exam results are good and most children are happy to stay at school after the minimum (最低的) leaving age of sixteen.__1__
For years，Ireland had one of the most complicated (复杂的) education systems in the world.__2__Classes were large and the teaching was very traditional.As in many countries，teachers used to hit the children if they made mistakes.Fortunately，the punishment was not allowed in 1982.
__3__As a result，there were schools for the rich and schools for the poor.Boys and girls went to different schools.Nowadays，most schools are free and only about half the schools are either for girls or boys.__4__Girls do better than boys in their exams；more girls go to university and most teachers are women.
At the end of secondary school，students take their final exams.Compulsory (必修的) subjects are maths，Irish and English.__5__Some of these，like business organization，help to prepare them for the world of work.This is very different from the past when Latin and Greek used to be the most important subjects.
A．Parents used to pay for their children’s education.
B．In many ways，education is now a woman’s world.
C．Public schools in Ireland are not run by the government.
D．In addition，they must choose two or three extra subjects.
E．It is easy to forget that the picture used to be very different.
F．Here，children do not learn any subjects but some basic skills.
G．There were many different kinds of schools，but most of them had a lot in common.
答案 1～5 EGABD
Ⅲ.语法填空
Have you ever lived abroad？When living overseas in a place where people speak a different language，__1__ can be difficult to make yourself understood even in __2__(relative) simple but important areas of life，like shopping and getting around town.It can be really upset trying to ask for something in a store or to tell the taxi driver __3__ you are going.
Sometimes you may be at a __4__(lose) as to what to do；sometimes you are certain that people understand you __5__ are just pretending that they don’t；and other times they make a very __6__(consider) effort to communicate with you.
You should also be prepared to make changes in the diet and get accustomed to __7__ local foods and the limited selection of familiar foods in the stores and restaurants.You may not have the nice variety of very large and grocery stores you had back home.
Besides，you will experience some stress and anxiety __8__ you are living in a different culture with different values __9__ your own.You may find that some of your cherished and deeply __10__(hold) values about life may not be equally important to members of your new host culture.
答案 1.it 2.relatively 3.where 4.loss 5.but 6．considerable 7.the 8.when/if 9.from 10.held
课件60张PPT。 Section Ⅱ Warming Up and Reading
——Language Points1．Yesterday，another student and I，representing our university’s student association，went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.
昨天，我和另外一名学生代表我们学校的学生会，到首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。
◎represent vt.代表；象征［核心词汇］[语境感悟]
①Representing our school，I’m glad to tell you something about these activities.
我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一些事情。
②He represented himself to be a friend of my father’s，but now we know the truth.
他自称是我父亲的朋友，但现在我们知道真相了。[归纳拓展]
(1)represent sb.as/to be... 宣称某人为……
represent...as... 把……描绘成……
represent oneself as/to be... 自称是……
represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明某事；
向某人传达某事
(2)representative adj. 代表性的
n. 代表，代理人③She represents herself as the kindest mother in the world.她把自己描绘成世界上最好的母亲。[做一做]
◎完成句子
①He was chosen to____________________at the meeting.
他被选上代表我们学校去参加那次会议。
②Let me represent my ideas________you in an easy way.
让我用一种简单的方式说明我的想法。
③The physicist tried representing_________the students in a different way.
这位物理学家尝试用一种不同的方式向学生们说明他的想法。
答案 ①represent our school ②to ③his idea to2．After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive，I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.
等了半个小时之后，他们的航班到达了，我看见几个年轻人走进了等候区，他们好奇地向四周张望。
◎curiously adv.好奇地，奇妙地[语境感悟]
①Curiously enough，a year later exactly the same thing happened again.
说来奇怪，完全一样的事情一年后又发生了。
②It is good to be curious about the world around you because I think curiosity is the best teacher.
对你周围的世界感到好奇是件好事，因为我认为好奇心是最好的老师。[归纳拓展]
(1)curious adj. 好奇的
be curious about... 对……好奇
be curious to do... 急于做……
(2)curiosity n. 好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇
with curiosity＝curiously 好奇地③It’s curious that he left without saying goodbye.
真奇怪，他不辞而别了。
④She did that just out of curiosity.
她那样做仅仅是出于好奇心。[做一做]
◎完成句子
①They studied him ________.
他们好奇地看着他。
②Children ______________ everything they see.
孩子们总是对看到的一切感到好奇。
③A student should always ____________ learn.
一个学生应该总是充满求知欲的。
答案 ①curiously/with curiosity ②are always curious about ③be curious to3．Tony approached Julia，touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!
托尼走近朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，亲了亲她的脸颊！
◎approach vt.& vi.接近；靠近；走近
n．接近；方法；途径[语境感悟]
①Unfortunately，just as I took out my camera，a woman approached from behind，and planted herself right in front of my view.
不幸的是，正当我拿出相机的时候，一位女士从后面走了过来，站在了我眼前，挡住了我的视线。
②The approach of winter brings cold weather.
冬天即将来临，天气变得寒冷。③I appreciate the professor’s new approach to teaching languages.
我欣赏这位教授教语言的新方法。[归纳拓展]
(1)an approach to (doing) sth. 一种(做)某事的方法/途径
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
make approaches to sb. 想接近某人；想与某人打交道
(2)approachable adj. 可接近的；友好的[知识延伸][做一做]
◎完成句子
①________________the cinema，he stopped and waited for his friends.
在快到电影院时，他停下来等他的朋友。
②Yesterday we held a meeting and__________the low-carbon life.
昨天我们召开了一个会议，对低碳生活进行了探讨。
答案 ①At the approach of ②made an approach to③We found him very________________and easy to talk with.
我们认为他非常和蔼可亲，容易交流。
答案 ③approachable ◎用approach，way，method和means填空
④We are discussing several________ to building the bridge.
⑤Can you tell me the________ to the hospital?
⑥Our school has adopted a new teaching________.
⑦You can work out the problem by this________.
答案 ④approaches ⑤way ⑥method ⑦means4．She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if in defence.
她后退几步，显得很吃惊，并举起手来，好像在作防卫一样。
◎defence n．防御；保护；保卫[语境感悟]
①Most countries have armies for their defence.
大多数国家都有用于防御的军队。
②All the people，men and women，young and old，were fighting against the flood in defence of their own homes.
所有的人，无论男女老少，都在与洪水作斗争，保卫自己的家园。[归纳拓展]
(1)in defence (of) 保卫(……)
(2)defend vt. 防御；保卫；保护；辩护
defend oneself 自卫；为……辩护
defend against 抵御
defend sb.from/against 保护某人免受……[巧辨异同]③It is the duty of every Chinese citizen to defend our motherland.
每个中国公民都有责任来保卫我们的祖国。
④Clothes protect us from cold.
衣服可以使我们免受寒冷之苦。
⑤Two big dogs guard the farm.
两只大狗在看护农场。[做一做]
◎完成句子
①He gave his life________________his country.
他为保卫祖国而献出了生命。
②He made a long speech__________________his view.
他作了长篇演讲来保护他的观点不遭反对。
答案 ①in defence of ②defending ③Would you be able ________________(自卫)if someone attacked you in the street?
④These green barriers not only change the look of Beijing but also ________________(防御)the desert.
答案 ③to defend yourself ④defend against ⑤He left home to join the army to ________________(保卫)his motherland.
⑥They took up arms________________(保护)their country.
答案 ⑤defend ⑥in defence of5．I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.
我猜想这里可能有个大误会。
◎major adj.主要的；重要的
n．专业
vi.主修[语境感悟]
①Do you know what the major cause of the strike is?
你知道这次罢工的主要原因是什么吗？
②The major problem at present is how to overcome all the difficulties.
目前的主要问题是如何克服所有的困难。[归纳拓展]
(1)major in 主修
(2)majority n. 多数；大半
in the majority 占大多数
(3)minor adj. 较小的；次要的
minority n. 少数；少数民族
in the minority 占少数[做一做]
◎完成句子
①Mary____________ French at Stanford University.
玛丽正在斯坦福大学专攻法语。
②Women are________________(major) in the company；men are in the________(minor)．
在这家公司，女性占大多数，男性占少数。
答案 ①is majoring in ②in the majority；minority6．When we met yesterday，he moved very close_to me as I introduced myself.
我们昨天见面，我进行自我介绍时，他靠我很近。
◎close to靠近；接近
[语境感悟]
①He lives close to the station.他住得离车站很近。
②Don’t stand close to the burning building，it is dangerous.别站在燃烧的楼附近，危险。[归纳拓展]
get close to 靠近……；接近……
come close to (doing sth.) 差点儿(做某事)
be close at hand 近在咫尺
have a close relation with 同……有密切关系
keep in close contact 保持密切联系
bring sth.to a close 结束某事
come to a close 结束；终止[做一做]
◎完成句子
①They tried to bring the war in that area____________________.
他们竭力想结束那个地区的战争。
②Don’t______________me；I’m about to get seasick.
不要靠近我，我要晕船了。
答案 ①to a close ②get close to7．However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely_to touch them.但是，来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能(用身体)接触对方。
◎be likely to很可能……；有希望……[语境感悟]
①You are likely to suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
如果继续抽烟，你的身体健康会受到损害。
②Your suggestion is unlikely to be accepted under present condition.
在目前情况下，你的建议很可能不被接受。[归纳拓展]
be likely to 很可能……；有希望……
It is likely that... 有可能……
Sb.is likely to... 某人有可能……
③Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression than people who don’t.
研究表明，参加志愿者的人比不参加的更不容易得抑郁症。[知识延伸]
likely adj.有可能的，其主语即可以是某人或某物；也可以是某事，构成It is likely that...等句型，而possible和probable的主语只能是某事，构成It is possible/probable that...句型。
④She is very likely to ring me tonight.
→It is likely/possible/probable that she will ring me tonight.[做一做]
◎用possible，probable，likely填空
①He will be very ________ to pass the exam.
②It’s highly ________ that they will win the match.
③If you grow up in a large family，you are more _________to develop the ability to get on well with others.
答案 ①likely ②probable ③likely ④It is ________ for me to change jobs.
⑤I’m ________to be very busy tomorrow.
⑥It is very late.I will come back as soon as ________.
答案 ④possible ⑤likely ⑥possible8．In_general，though，studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads!
但总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。
◎in general总的来说；通常[语境感悟]
①In general，her work has been good，but this essay is dreadful.
总的来说，她的作品不错，不过这篇文章糟透了。
②In general，the more expensive the computer is，the better it is.
一般来说，电脑越贵越好。[归纳拓展]
generally speaking(＝as a general rule/in a general way)
一般说来；大致上[巧辨异同][做一做]
◎完成句子
①Everyone is buying more clothes but______________we are not spending more money on them.
大家都在购买更多的衣服，而我们一般不打算在衣服上花太多钱。
答案 ①in general ②________________，we enjoyed the trip.
总的来说，我们这次旅行很愉快。
答案 ②Generally speaking ◎选词填空(common，general，normal)
③It became ________ knowledge.
这已成为众所周知的事情了。
④It’s not a jewel but a ________ piece of glass.
那不是块宝石，只不过是一块普通的玻璃。
答案 ③general ④common ⑤The ________ body temperature of a human being is about 36.5 ℃.
人的正常体温约为36.5 ℃。
答案 ⑤normal1．The first person to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。［典型句式］[句式分析]
句中to arrive是不定式作后置定语。当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级，next，only，last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。[语境感悟]
①Zhang Mengxue is the first Chinese to win the gold medal in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.
张梦雪是2016年里约奥运会第一个夺金的中国人。
②It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.它是赢得所有这三项大奖的第一部戏剧。[知识延伸]
不定式作定语的情况主要还有：
(1)被修饰词前面有the only，the very，the next等词时。
(2)抽象名词time，way，ability，reason，chance，courage，opportunity等后常用不定式作定语。(3)不定代词something，nothing，little等后常用不定式作定语。
③The next thing to do is to relax yourself completely.
下一步要做的事情是完全放松你自己。
④I had a chance to visit the Great Wall last month.
上个月我有幸浏览了长城。
⑤I have something important to tell you.
我有要事相告。[做一做]
◎完成句子
①She has only a little room她只有一个小房间居住。
②I am going to Beijing next week.Do you have anything________________(take) to your son?
我下周打算去北京，你有东西带给你儿子吗？
答案 ①to live in ②to be taken ③In 1931，Addams became the first American woman________________(win) the Nobel Peace Prize.
1931年，亚当斯成为第一个赢得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
④He is always the first________(come) and the last________(leave)．
他总是第一个来最后一个离开。
答案 ③to win ④to come；to leave2．Not_all cultures greet each other the same way，nor_are_they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
各种文化背景下的相互问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也不一样。[句式分析]
(1)not all表示部分否定，意为“并非所有的都……”。英语中，含有“整体，全部”意义的词all，both，every，everybody，everything，entirely等与否定词连用时，表示部分否定。none，neither，no one，nobody，nothing，never等表示全部否定。
(2)nor are they...是倒装句，为部分倒装。表示前面的否定情况也适用于后者，常用“neither/nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”结构。 [语境感悟]
①Not everyone likes watching the program Running Man.不是所有人都喜欢看节目《奔跑吧兄弟》。
②Not all people like entertaining programs on TV，particularly aged men.并非所有的人都喜欢电视娱乐节目，尤其是老年人。③None of the students have passed the exam.
这些学生都没有通过考试。
④I didn’t go swimming yesterday，neither did Jack.
我昨天没去游泳，杰克也没去。
⑤If you don’t go to see the movie，neither will I.
如果你不去看电影，我也不去。本讲结束
请按ESC键返回［综合训练·能力提升］Unit 4 Body language
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language and Using Language
[随堂巩固]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The machine will not________(运转) properly if it is not kept well oiled.
2．Jim came up and gave me a big________(拥抱) as soon as he saw me.
3．Local residents have reacted________(生气地) to the news.
4．His opinion________(代表) that of the majority.
5．Try to avoid being________(主观的) and one-sided when looking at problems.
6．From her________(面部的) expression，I knew that she was very shy.
7．He said that he would go to the bookshop to buy some________(磁带)．
8．As you________(接近) the school，the first building you see is the teaching building.
9．He is fluent in________(口语的) English，but is not good at written English.
10．There were calls for________(主要的)changes to the system.
答案 1.fun_ction 2.hug 3.angrily 4.represents 5．subjective 6.facial 7.cassettes 8.approach
9．spoken 10.major
Ⅱ.短语选填
up and down，at ease，lose face，turn one’s back to，look away from，watch out，be wrong about，take action，keep away from，be respectful to
1．If you can’t answer this simple question，you’ll________________.
2．It is good manners to________________the old.
3．I once looked down upon her，so she________________me.
4．We should persuade the kids to____________________violent computer games.
5．I am a little upset.Give me a cup of tea to put me________________.
6．Jane________________me，as if I were a stranger.
7．We should________________to protect the cultural relics before it is too late.
8．________________for the dog in case it should bite you.
9．The poor girl wandered________________in the street，not knowing where to go.
10．The facts proved that we________________him，so we all apologized to him.
答案 1.lose face 2.be respectful to 3.turned her back to 4.keep away from 5.at ease 6.looks away from 7.take action 8.Watch out 9.up and down 10.were wrong about
Ⅲ.语法填空
1．His method presents a new approach________foreign languages.
2．He defended me________a drunken man.
3．The mother reached________her hands to her little son.
4．I nodded________him as I passed his office.
5．The importance of his ideas is that they represent the________(spoken) opinion of the silent majority.
6．The children in our family are always______________(respect) to their elders.
7．Humour is a more effective____________(defend)than violence.
8．It is________(like) that he will do the job well.
9．The fans greeted the film star________loud applause.
10．It was surprising________he failed to win the race.
答案 1.to 2.from/against 3.out 4.at 5.unspoken
6．respectful 7.defence 8.likely 9.with 10.that
[限时训练]
[限时30分钟]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Many people take it for granted that black is a color of bad things while white should always mean something good.This may be because，in their opinion，black is related to darkness and white to purity.However，that is not always the case.Did you know that the same one colour may mean differently in different places of the world?
In the English-speaking world，black is the color of mourning.People wear black clothes at the funeral.Red is concerned with danger or blood.Yellow is the word for fear.If you are afraid，you are yellow.Yet none of these sayings is true outside the English-speaking world.In China and Korea white is the colour of mourning.In Russia，China and some other countries，red stands for beauty，life and excellence.In Italy and Germany，you are yellow with anger，not with fear.
Even within the English-speaking area it is not difficult to find color with different meanings.A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station.In Britain，however，a redcap is a military policeman.Both names are logical because both men wear red caps.Similarly，the British term for an American white collar worker is sometimes called a black-coated worker.
One does not have to cross an area to find color differences.Would you rather be red-blooded？If we go back to the origin，we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest.The expression “blue-blood” comes from Spain，where some noble families proudly said that they had “blue blood”．But then why “blue” blood？Because they were fair-skinned，and it is only natural that their blood vessels stood out appearing blue.
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了由于文化的不同，不同的颜色在不同的国家往往代表不同的含义。
1．The two meanings of the term “redcap” form a difference in________.
A．pronunciation B．climate
C．custom D．logical relationship
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的介绍可知，在美国和在英国redcap有着不同的含义，是因为这两个国家文化的差异。
答案 C
2．Both Britain and America would probably agree that________.
A．black is the color of mourning
B．a redcap is a porter in a station
C．red stands for beauty and excellence
D．black-coated worker is employed in an office
解析 细节理解题。根据文中第二段首句“In the English-speaking world，black is the colour of mourning.”可知，在说英语的国家，黑色代表着哀悼。故选A项。
答案 A
3．The best title for this passage is “________”．
A．The Origin of Blue Blood
B．Colors That Carry Bad Meanings
C．The Meaning Concerned with Certain Colors
D．The Development of the Symbolic Use of Color
解析 标题归纳题。本文介绍了由于文化的不同，不同的颜色在不同的国家往往代表不同的含义。故选C项。
答案 C
Ⅱ.完形填空
It may be difficult to understand non-verbal messages because different cultures have different expectations about eye contact，physical__1__，etc.
Let’s consider eye contact.Children from many Latin American and Asian__2__show respect by avoiding the glance of important persons.A teacher who’s__3__with this，however，might consider the lack of eye contact as a sign of__4__.For many American Indian children，__5__a teacher in the eye and answering her question in front of the class is “showing off”．
Culture greatly__6__attitudes towards physical contact，whether it’s a handshake，hug，or pat on the back.In Asia，female friends__7__hold hands and men casually (随便地) hug one another as they walk down the street.Americans，however，may feel__8__with such public behavior.In some Asian cultures，affectionately patting a(n)__9__head is strictly taboo (禁忌的)，__10__it can be acceptable behavior between adults and young children.
How__11__should people stand to each other when they’re having a conversation？In areas of the Middle East and South America，people stand very close when__12__.Europeans like to have__13__distance between them，while some Africans__14__even more space.You can__15__great discomfort by standing too close to another person.Not being__16__of this can even prevent someone from understanding or__17__the ideas you’re trying to get across.
To create a positive environment for communication，your non-verbal message must closely__18__your verbal message.One way to do this is to carefully observe how children and families speak and__19__around each other and with people they respect.This can__20__clues about the true meaning of their non-verbal interactions.
[语篇解读] 本文为一篇说明文，讲述了不同的文化对眼神接触、身体接触等有不同的理解。另外，不同的文化对人与人之间站立距离远近的理解也有所不同。所以，要想真正了解一种文化，一定不要忽视无声语言所传达的信息。
1．A.exercise B．touch
C．education D．strength
解析 physical touch意为“身体接触”。第6空后的“physical contact”亦是提示。
答案 B
2．A.schools B．villages
C．homelands D．cultures
解析 第一段已提到不同文化(different cultures)中人们对视线接触、身体接触等有不同的理解。此处举例说明，故此空填“文化”一词。
答案 D
3．A.uncertain B．angry
C．unfamiliar D．popular
解析 在拉美和亚洲文化中，小孩回避他人的视线是对其尊敬的表现。而对此不了解的老师会误以为这是缺乏尊重。be unfamiliar with意为“对……不熟悉”。
答案 C
4．A.disrespect B．idea
C．danger D．disappointment
解析 此空前的however说明此句与前一句之间是转折关系。既然前一句说是“show respect“，此处应当是“a sign of disrespect”。
答案 A
5．A.seeing B．staring at
C．looking D．glancing at
解析 look sb.in the eye意为“直视某人”。
答案 C
6．A.influences B．supports
C．observes D．reduces
解析 在文章首段中说“不同的文化对视线接触、身体接触等有不同的期待”，然后在第二段讲视线接触在不同文化中的不同理解，故此段则是讲physical contact在不同文化中的影响，即“文化极大地影响到人们对身体接触的态度”。
答案 A
7．A.never B．often
C．seldom D．sometimes
解析 由于男性之间可以随意地拥抱一下，故可推测女性朋友之间手拉手是常事。
答案 B
8．A.pleased B．comfortable
C．mad D．uncomfortable
解析 由该句的however可知，在亚洲文化中很自然的行为，在美国文化中却令人感到不舒服。
答案 D
9．A.child’s B．baby’s
C．adult’s D．man’s
解析 在一些亚洲文化中，摸成人的头是严格禁止的，但是成人和小孩之间摸头是可以接受的。
答案 C
10．A.because B．although
C．unless D．if
解析 前后之间是让步关系，故用although。
答案 B
11．A.far B．closely
C．properly D．close
解析 从本段的“people stand very close，distance，standing too close”等可知，本段是谈人与人之间站立时相隔的距离。
答案 D
12．A.talking B．eating
C．waiting D．listening
解析 此处“when talking”与前一句的“when they’re having a conversation”意思一样。
答案 A
13．A.more B．less
C．no D．little
解析 来自中东和南美的人谈话时站得很近，而欧洲人需要的心理距离要更大一些。
答案 A
14．A.hate B．prefer
C．wish D．dream
解析 该句中的while表示对比。非洲人需要的心理距离更远。
答案 B
15．A.change B．expect
C．create D．accept
解析 双方谈话时，站得太近，超过可接受的心理距离，人就会感到极不舒服。create“引起；造成”。
答案 C
16．A.afraid B．ashamed
C．proud D．aware
解析 对谈话时的心理距离要清楚，否则会造成麻烦。be aware of意为“意识到，知道”，符合语境。be afraid of “害怕”；be ashamed of“以……为羞愧”；be proud of“以……为豪”，均不符合语境。
答案 D
17．A.suggesting B．considering
C．refusing D．accepting
解析 此空前的or表示选择关系，说明此空的内容与前面的understanding意思相近。意识不到人们交流时默认的心理距离甚至会阻碍他人理解或接受你试图传达的意思。
答案 D
18．A.pass B．explain
C．match D．prepare
解析 非语言信息与语言信息要相配(match)、要一致。
答案 C
19．A.talk B．behave
C．use D．look
解析 这些文化差异可通过观察小孩和家人间的谈话及举止方式(behave)来了解。
答案 B
20．A.provide B．support
C．prove D．search
解析 这样就可为你真正理解他们的非语言交流提供(provide)线索。
答案 A
Ⅲ.语法填空
A Misunderstanding
In general，spoken__1__(statement) are the major way of communication，but body language and__2__(face) expressions also have such kinds of fun_ction.For example，__3__(yawn) means being not interested and turning one’s back to someone or swinging your fist shows your__4__(angry)．But what those gestures really mean is subjective in different cultures.Thus，misunderstandings happen now and then in today’s world of cultural crossroads.
Once，__5__(represent) the Adults’ Education Association，I went to the airport to meet an official of high rank from Columbia and take him to his dormitory and then to the canteen.After the flight arrived，I saw a man looking around__6__(curious)．So I approached to greet him.He suddenly dashed to hug me and kissed me__7__both cheeks.As a young girl，I felt truly__8__(embarrass) and put up my hands to defend myself.His false smile told me that he had lost face.
Later，I received a cassette from him，in__9__he recorded his apology.On hearing that Columbians were more likely to kiss others，I soon felt__10__ease.
答案 1.statements 2.facial 3.yawning 4.anger5．representing 6.curiously 7.on 8.embarrassed
9．which 10.at
课件57张PPT。Section Ⅲ Learning about Language and Using LanguageⅠ.重点单词(快速识记)
1．________n．雇员，雇工
2．________n. 拳头
3．________n. 功能，作用，职能
4．________v. 拥抱
5．________n. 级别employee fist fun_ction hug rank 6．________v. 尊敬
________adj. 尊敬的
7．________n. 怒火；怒气
________adj. 愤怒的
________adv. 愤怒地
8．________n. 安逸；舒适
vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
________adj. 容易的respect respectful anger angry angrily ease easy 9．________adj. 客观的
________adj. 主观的
10．________adj. 面部的
________n. 面部objective subjective facial face Ⅱ.重点短语(记清搭配)
1．________ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
2．________face 丢脸
3．turn one’s back________ 背对
4．give a hug ________sb. 拥抱某人
5．________the head 点点头at lose to to nod 6．be respectful ________sb. 尊敬某人
7．base________ 以……为基础/根据
8．________a distance 在远处
9．________most cases 在大多数情况下
10．be wrong________ 对……误解to on at in about Ⅲ.重点句式(熟练模仿)
1．even if引导让步状语从句
It is possible to “read” others around us，even if they don’t intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.
“读懂”我们周围的人(的意思)是有可能的，即便是人们并不想让我们捕捉到他们没有说出来的信息。
[仿写] 即使我邀请他多次，他依然拒绝参加派对。
__________________________，he still refused to come to the party.
答案 1.Even if I invited him several times 2．with＋宾语＋宾补
With so many cultural differences between people，it is great to have some similarities in body language.
人们之间的文化差异如此之多，但好在身体语言有一些相似之处。
[仿写] 外面噪音不断，他无法入眠。
He couldn’t fall asleep，_____________.
答案 2.with the noise going on outside Ⅰ.Fast-reading
Read the text quickly and match the main idea of each part.
Part 1(Para.1) A．Examples of some universal body language.
Part 2(Paras.2～6) B．Body language is sometimes more important than spoken language.
Part 3(Para.7) C．There are differences in body language，and it’s important for us to know them.
答案 Parts 1～3 BACⅡ.Careful-reading
(Ⅰ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Why may a person smile if he loses face?
A．To show his anger.
B．To hide his embarrassment.
C．To threaten others.
D．To laugh at others.
答案 B 2．If you are not interested in others’ talking，you may________.
A．look away from him or yawn
B．turn toward and look at something
C．fix your attention on the speaker
D．stand at a little distance with open hands
答案 A 3．Suppose you are a teacher in America，you’ll tell your students to________when others are talking.
A．avoid looking at others directly
B．look directly at others
C．glance at others
D．look down at others
答案 B 4．We can infer from the text that________.
A．we can communicate successfully with others using body language
B．people from different countries will not misunderstand each other using body language
C．we should try to learn more about other countries’ customs
D．all around the world，people express the same ideas using the same body language
答案 C(Ⅱ)Read the text carefully and tell which statement is true (T) or false (F)．
1．If you are angry with a person，you might turn your back to him or her.( )
2．Generally speaking，you smile to show good feelings.( )
3．If you look away from a person，you are saying you are not interested in him or her.( )
4．You should not greet your new boss by giving her or him a hug.( )
5．Body language is the same all over the world.( )
答案 1～5 TTTTF1．The most universal facial expression is，of course，the smile－its fun_ction is to show happiness and put people at ease.
最普遍使用的面部表情当然是微笑——其作用是表示快乐并且使人放松。［核心词汇］◎fun_ction n．作用，功能，职能
vi.起作用，运转
[语境感悟]
①Our English teacher didn’t explain its grammatical fun_ction.
我们的英语老师没有解释它的语法功能。
②Though old，the car still functions well.
尽管是一部老爷车，它依然运行良好。③The new cellphones have lots of functions，but as for me，they are not of great use.
这些新手机有很多功能，但对我来说没有多大用处。
[归纳拓展]
(1)perform a fun_ction起作用
have...fun_ction 有……功能
(2)fun_ction as... 起……作用，具有……功能[做一做]
◎完成句子
①In your new job，you’ll be expected to perform________________.
在新的工作岗位上，你可要履行许多不同的职责。
②Some English adjectives________________nouns.
英语中有些形容词可作名词用。
答案 ①many different functions ②fun_ction as③Although the electricity was cut off，the hospital continued________________normally.
虽然电源被切断了，但是医院仍然正常运转。
④He can’t afford to pay the rent，so for now，his car will also________________.
他付不起租金，所以目前他的车也当成他的家了。
答案 ③to fun_ction ④fun_ction as his home2．The most universal facial expression is，of course，the smile－its fun_ction is to show happiness and put people at_ease.
最普遍使用的面部表情当然是微笑——其作用是表示快乐和使人放松。
◎at ease舒适；不费力气；放心，轻松[语境感悟]
①It would ease my mind to know you had arrived safely.
知道你已安全到达我就放心了。
②Children seem to master computer games at ease.
孩子们似乎很轻松地就学会玩电脑游戏。③When I feel nervous，my mother always can put me at ease.当我感到紧张时，妈妈总是能让我放松下来。[归纳拓展]
ease n． 安逸；舒适
vt. 减轻(痛苦，忧虑)
at ease 后常与介词with连用，意为“与……舒适；快活；自由自在”
put/set sb.at ease 使某人感到轻松自在
with ease 轻而易举地
ease sb.of... 减轻某人的……[做一做]
◎完成句子
①I won’t go to the party because I________those people.我不去参加那个晚会，因为我和那些人在一起感到不自在。
②His words________________my anxiety.
他的话减轻了我的忧虑。
答案 ①don’t feel at ease with ②eased me of◎语法填空
③Her mind was________ease knowing that the children were safe.
④Our team won the game________ease.
答案 ③at ④with3．Smiles around the world can be false，hiding other feelings like anger，fear or worry.
世界上的微笑可能是假的，用来掩饰其他情绪，比如生气、害怕或担忧。
◎anger n．怒气；怒火
vt.使发怒，激怒[语境感悟]
The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger.
最尴尬的电子邮件错误通常会使人生气。[归纳拓展]
(1)in/with anger 愤怒地；生气地
(2)angry adj. 生气的；发怒的
be angry with sb.for... 因……生某人的气
be angry at/about sth. 因某事而生气
(3)angrily adv. 生气地[做一做]
◎完成句子
①She was________________for saying so.
她因他这样说而生他的气。
②He________________her but didn’t say a word.
他生气地瞪着她，但没说一句话。
答案 ①angry with him ②glared angrily at4．There are unhappy smiles，such as when someone “loses_face” and smiles to hide it.
还有不愉快的微笑，比如当某人“丢了面子”时就会用微笑来掩饰。
◎lose face丢脸，丢面子[语境感悟]
①He felt he lost face when he was blamed on that occasion.在那个场合下受到指责，他感到很没面子。
②Don’t be afraid to lose face；making mistakes is possible and common.
不要害怕丢面子，犯错误是难免的而且是普遍现象。[归纳拓展]
(1)make a face/faces 做鬼脸
save face 保全面子；有脸面
in the face of 面对……；在……面前
to sb.’s face 当着某人的面
face to face 面对面；相对
(2)face up to 正视；勇敢面对
be faced with 面对……；面临……[做一做]
◎完成句子
①He didn’t admit his mistakes in order to________________in public.
为了在公众场合下保全面子他不承认错误。
②We should keep calm________________danger.
面对危险我们应该保持镇静。
答案 ①save face ②in the face of ③________________so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.
面临着如此多的麻烦，我们没能按时完成任务。
答案 ③Faced with5．In most places around the world，frowning and turning_one’s_back_to someone shows anger.
在世界上的大多数地方，皱眉和背对某人都表示发怒。
◎turn one’s back to背对；背弃[语境感悟]
①In general，it is impolite to turn your back to others while you are talking.
通常，你讲话时背对着别人是不礼貌的。[归纳拓展]
turn to 向……求助
turn out 结果是……
turn up 出现；找到；把音量开大
turn down 关小；拒绝
turn in 进入；交出；上交
turn over 打翻；移交；反复考虑
turn against 背叛；反抗
turn away 不理睬；赶走，辞退；拒绝(某人)入内[做一做]
◎用turn的适当短语填空
①Don’t worry about the necklace.It will __________________ sooner or later.
②For hundreds of times that month he __________________this problem.
③For this he ________________his best friend.
答案 ①turn up ②turned over ③turned against/to④The stadium was so full that thousands of fans had to be ________________.
⑤Don’t hesitate to________________him；he is a warm-hearted man.
⑥He felt sad when his plan________________.
答案 ④turned away ⑤turn to ⑥was turned down6．Looking away from people or yawning will，in_most_cases，make me appear to be uninterested.
在大多数情况下，把眼光从人们身上移开或者打个哈欠，会使我看上去不感兴趣。
◎in most cases在大多数情况(场合)下[语境感悟]
①The news from her is quite reliable in most cases.
在大多数情况下来自她的消息很可靠。[归纳拓展]
in any case 无论如何；总之
in no case 在任何情况下都不(位于句首时倒装)
in case of 万一；在……情形时；如果发生
in case 免得；以防
in this/that case 在这/那种情况下
②In no case shall we give up the plan.
在任何情况下，我们绝不放弃计划。[做一做]
◎完成句子
①________________，you’ll have to be at the station by 8：00.
无论如何，你必须在八点前到达车站。
②________________ he comes，please let me know.
要是他来，请通知我。
③____________rain，they can’t go.
如果下雨，他们就不能去了。
答案 ①In any case ②In case ③In case of 7．It is possible to “read” others around us，even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.
“读懂”我们周围的人的意思是有可能的，即便是人们并不想让我们捕捉到他们没有说出来的信息。
◎intend vt.打算，想要，企图 [语境感悟]
①He didn’t intend to break the glass.
他并非想打碎玻璃。[归纳拓展]
intend to do sth. 打算做……
intend sb.to do 打算让某人做……
be intended as 作为……
be intended for 专为……而……
be intended to do 为了……②The father intends his son to study management at university.父亲想让儿子在大学里学习管理。[做一做]
◎完成句子
①这本书是专门为儿童编写的。
The book __________________________to read.
②他打算让儿子经营公司。
He ________________________the company.
③父亲希望儿子们不要离开。
The father intended his sons_______________.
答案 ①is intended for children ②intends his son to manage ③not to leave
1．It is possible to “read” others around us，even_if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.
“读懂”我们周围的人的意思是有可能的，即便他们并不想让我们捕捉到他们没有说出来的信息。［典型句式］[句式分析]
even if意为“即使，尽管”，相当于even though，引导让步状语从句。[语境感悟]
①I wouldn’t lose courage even if I should fail ten times.
即使失败十次，我也决不灰心。
②Even if I am invited，I will not attend his birthday party.即使他邀请我，我也不参加他的生日派对。[做一做]
◎完成句子
①We have decided to visit the museum________.
我们决定明天参观博物馆，即使明天下雨。
②They will stand by you________________.
即使你不会成功，他们也会支持你的。
答案 ①even if/though it rains tomorrow ②even if/though you don’t succeed2．With so many cultural differences between people，it is great to have some similarities in body language.人们之间的文化差异非常多，但好在肢体语言有一些相似之处。[句式分析]
With so many cultural differences between people为“with＋复合宾语”结构在句中作状语。
with的复合结构：
(1)with＋宾语＋现在分词(主动关系)
(2)with＋宾语＋过去分词(被动关系)
(3)with＋宾语＋不定式(表示将来)
(4) with＋宾语＋副词/形容词/介词[语境感悟]
With the windows open，he fell asleep.
窗子开着，他睡着了。[做一做]
◎完成句子
①With a lot of work________(do)，he couldn’t go home.
有许多工作要做，他不能回家。
②With all the work________(finish)，the man went home.
干完了所有的活，这个人回家了。
③With so much work________(fill) in his mind，the leader couldn’t sleep well.
心中装着那么多工作，这个领导都睡不好觉。
答案 ①to do ②finished ③filling本讲结束
请按ESC键返回［综合训练·能力提升］Unit 4 Body language
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
[随堂巩固]
Ⅰ.用现在分词短语改写句子
1．The storm left and caused a lot of damage to this area.
________________________________________________________________________
2．Look around when you cross the street.
________________________________________________________________________
3．As it was a wet day，we couldn’t go for a walk.
________________________________________________________________________
4．Because he did not know how to do it，he went to her for help.
________________________________________________________________________
5．As soon as she had made the beds，she started making breakfast.
________________________________________________________________________
答案 1.The storm left，causing a lot of damage to this area.
2．Look around when crossing the street.
3．It being a wet day，we couldn’t go for a walk.
4．Not knowing how to do it，he went to her for help.
5．Having made the beds，she started making breakfast.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．European football is played in 80 countries，________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(这使得它成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动之一)．
2．The government plans to bring in new laws________________(强迫家长承担更多的责任)for the education of their children.
3．________________(天气允许的话)，we’ll have an outing next week.
4．They went into the hall，______________(有说有笑)．
5．________________(如果开车太快)，you’ll damage your car.
答案 1.making it one of the most popular sports in the world
2．forcing parents to take more responsibility
3．Weather permitting
4．talking and laughing
5．Driving too fast
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．________(play) in the park，I came across my friend Mary.
2．________(finish) his summary，he went out for a walk for a while.
3．________(close) the windows and doors，the students left the room.
4．“What a day！It’s raining again，” said the farmer，________(look) out of the window.
5．________(catch) stealing from the bank，he was arrested and would be sentenced to four years in prison.
6．Not________(finish) the programme，they will have to stay there for another two weeks.
7．________(tell) many times，he managed to work out the problem by himself.
8．Not________(recognize) the voice，he refused to give the person his address.
9．Not________(know) his telephone number，I couldn’t get in touch with him.
10．The fish can eat a man in a few minutes，________(leave) only the bones.
答案 1.Playing 2.Having finished 3.Having closed
4．looking 5.Having been caught 6.having finished 7.Having been told 8.recognizing 9.knowing 10.leaving
[限时训练]
[限时30分钟]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A smile will tell people around you that you are a kind and friendly person.However，many people don’t smile because they think they have ugly teeth.For example，one of my classmates，Mike，doesn’t have very nice teeth，so that is why he seldom opens his mouth.He even says that he has lost confidence because of his teeth.So it is very important for us to look after our teeth.In fact，a lot of people have this problem.Some people inherit tooth problems from their parents，while others’ teeth are damaged because of bad habits，like heavy smoking，eating too much sugar or not brushing teeth often.If your teeth are in bad shape，you should see a dentist and ask for help.They can help improve your teeth and tell you how to take care of them.
Smiling can help you feel more confident and make people think of you as a more friendly person.If you want to keep healthy，you should not only smile but also laugh.An Indian doctor called Kataria said that young children should laugh about 30 times a day，while adults should laugh between 7 and 15 times a day.So please take this chance to smile and laugh now.
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了笑的作用以及有人不笑的原因。
1．Many people don’t smile because________.
A．they don’t like smiling
B．they think they are ugly
C．their teeth are not beautiful
D．they can’t open their mouths
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“many people don’t smile because they think they have ugly teeth.”可知答案选C。
答案 C
2．What can a dentist do according to the passage?
A．A dentist can help improve your bad teeth.
B．A dentist can tell you how to take care of your bad teeth.
C．A dentist can tell you how to brush your teeth.
D．Both A and B.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“If your teeth are in bad shape，you should see a dentist and ask for help.They can help improve your teeth and tell you how to take care of them.”可知答案选D。
答案 D
3．If you want to keep healthy，you had better________.
A．not smile often
B．laugh all the time
C．neither smile nor laugh
D．smile and even laugh often
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段“If you want to keep healthy，you should not only smile but also laugh.”可知答案选D。
答案 D
4．How many times should a child laugh every day in doctor Kataria’s opinion?
A．Either 300 or 30 times a day.
B．Between 7 and 15 times a day.
C．About 30 times a day.
D．Only 30 times a day.
解析 细节理解题。结合“An Indian doctor called Kataria said that young children should laugh about 30 times a day.”可知答案选C。
答案 C
Ⅱ.阅读填句
Peer Pressure
Peer pressure is just part of the challenges in life.__1__If you need further guidance，this article might help you.It provides three effective tips to deal with it：
Be with friends who respect your beliefs
You can go out with people who accept and respect the things you believe in and those who you know you can share your interests with.It is all right to be choosy with friends because you just want what is best for them and you.__2__You are just exhibiting what you know is right and good for both sides.Your friends will understand you for that.They can drag you away from discrimination and you can be confident that they will not leave you for your stand in life.
__3__
When you are driven by so many peer pressures，you can always stay away from them.You can actually decide not to be one of them.When you have decided on it，learn to be firm with your decision.__4__They should know that you cannot be forced to do certain things because you are strong and firm with what you believe in.
Learn how to say no
Learning to say no is one big factor to deal with some pressures from all of your friends.When you are convinced to do something you know that can only destroy you or ruin you，learn to say no.__5__You cannot just say yes to anything.You have a functional mind and you know what is best for you.So learn to say no even if saying no means losing your friends.
A．Don’t blame others
B．Have a firm decision
C．You should know how to deal with it.
D．You can always deal with it positively.
E．Just be straightforward and say it without hesitation.
F．This does not mean you are being selfish or you are being self-centered.
G．This can make them believe that you cannot just be driven by any other thing.
答案 1～5 CFBGE
Ⅲ.语法填空
Some students who had graduated visited their university professor.The conversation soon turned into complaints about stress in work and life.To offer his guests coffee，the professor 1.________(go) to the kitchen and returned with a pot of coffee and 2.________variety of cups－porcelain，plastic，glass，some plain-looking，some expensive－telling them to help 3.________(they) to the coffee.
4．________was when all the students had a cup of coffee in hand that he said，“All the nice-looking expensive cups have been taken up,5.________(leave) behind the plain and cheap ones.Actually the cup itself adds no quality to the coffee.6.________all of you really want is coffee，not the cup.You consciously went for the best cups,7.________then you began eyeing others’ cups.”
“Now consider this: Life is the coffee；the jobs，money and position in society are the cups,8.________ are just tools to hold and contain life.The type of cup we have does not change the quality of life.If we concentrate only 9.________the cups，we fail to enjoy the coffee.I 10.________(true) hope that you will never let the cups drive you...enjoy the coffee instead.”
答案 1.went 2.a 3.themselves 4.It 5.leaving 6.What 7.and 8.which 9.on 10.truly
Ⅳ.书面表达
假如你是凯特(Kate)，你的阿姨安妮(Annie)上周日在一次车祸中受伤住院了，请你根据下面的提示用英语给她写一封慰问信：
1．听到阿姨出车祸的消息很震惊；
2．听说阿姨正在恢复中很高兴；
3．完成手头工作就去看望阿姨；
4．祝阿姨早日康复。
注意：词数100左右。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Dear Aunt Annie，
I was very shocked when I heard that you were injured in a car accident last Sunday.Later，I felt better when told that you were recovering from the operation.Please have a good rest and keep a balanced diet.I will go to see you as soon as I have finished my work.I’m sure that you will pick up under the treatment of the doctors and nurses soon.I have sent you some beautiful flowers，which will help you feel better.
I hope you will overcome the shock completely and enjoy your life again.
Love，
Kate
课件39张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing英语中分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词＋-ing”形式构成，在句子中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。现在分词的基本形式如下： 现在分词一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动作同时发生，而现在分词的完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动作之前。
【考点1】 现在分词作定语
现在分词的一般式doing及被动式being done可以作定语。具体用法如下：1．单个的分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前，分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面。
2．现在分词的一般式(doing)作定语时表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作(即现在分词与被修饰词之间为主谓关系)；现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语时表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作(即现在分词与被修饰词之间为动宾关系)。Do you know the man sitting there?
你认识坐在那里的那个人吗？
The fireman rushed into the burning house to save an old man.
消防员冲进正在燃烧的房子中去救一位老人。
The building being built over there is our library.
那里正在建造的大楼是我们的图书馆。【考点2】 现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作。通常可转化成与之相对应的状语从句。
1．作时间状语
Walking in the park，she saw an old friend.
＝When/While(she was)walking in the park，she saw an old friend.
当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。Having finished the work，he went to see his teacher.
＝After he had finished the work，he went to see his teacher.
完成这次工作后，他去看望他的老师。特别提示 当表达正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when/while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。
2．作原因状语
Being ill，he couldn’t go to school.
＝As he was ill，he couldn’t go to school.
因为生病了，他无法去上学。3．作条件状语
Working hard，you’ll make great progress.
＝If you work hard，you’ll make great progress.
如果你努力工作，你将取得重大进步。4．作结果状语
His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
＝His parents died and left him an orphan.
他的父母死了，他成了一个孤儿。
The snow lasted a week，resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
＝The snow lasted a week，and resulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
大雪持续了一周，结果造成了这一地区的严重的交通混乱。5．作方式状语
He came running back to tell me the news.
他跑回来告诉我这个消息。6．作伴随状语
I stood by the door，not daring to say a word.
＝I stood by the door，and didn’t dare to say a word.
我站在门旁，一句话也不敢说。
She walked along the street，singing softly to herself.
＝She walked along the street and sang softly to herself.
她沿着街道一边走一边轻轻地唱。7．作让步状语
Working or reading，she always did her best.
＝Whether she worked or read，she always did her best.
无论工作还是读书，她总是尽最大的努力。
Working very hard，he didn’t feel a bit tired.
＝Though he worked hard，he didn’t feel a bit tired.
尽管拼命地工作，他却丝毫不感到疲惫。【考点3】 现在分词作状语需注意的问题
1．逻辑主语
现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。
Hearing the bad news，she didn’t know what to do.(hearing的逻辑主语是句子的主语she)
听到这个坏消息，她不知道如何是好。2．独立主格
现在分词作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The rain having stopped，we went on marching.
雨过之后，我们继续前进。3．评论性状语/悬垂分词
有些现在分词作状语，在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，用来修饰主句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论性状语或悬垂分词。常见的有generally/strictly/frankly speaking，judging from，considering，supposing，providing等。
Generally speaking，girls are more interested in literature than boys.
一般说来，女孩子比男孩子更喜欢文学。[典例1] (2019·东北三省三校一模)The 54-year-old also criticizes (批评) US President Donald Trump，________(write) that she can “never forgive” him...
[解析] 54岁的奥巴马夫人还批评美国总统唐纳德·特朗普，她写道她“永远不会原谅”他……。The 54-year-old与write之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
[答案] writing[典例2] (2019·安徽安庆二模)That is around a billion people________(make) 3.5 billion journeys in a 40-day period.
[解析] 句意：大约10亿人在40天内进行35亿次出行。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词people与make为逻辑上的主动关系，且不表示将来，故填现在分词making。
[答案] making [典例3] (2019·湖南三湘名校联盟三次联考)Hutong is a kind of ancient typical city street in Beijing.________(surround) the Forbidden City，many were built during the Yuan，Ming and Qing dynasties.
[解析] 句意：许多胡同环绕紫禁城，它们是在元、明、清三个朝代所建。主语many与surround为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词Surrounding作状语。
[答案] Surrounding [典例4] (2019·四川宜宾二次诊断)Many people have expressed support for the books as well，____________(argue) that such texts can teach kids proper sexual knowledge，allowing them to defend themselves against sex crimes.
[解析] 本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语Many people与argue为逻辑上的主动关系，故填arguing。
[答案] arguing 如果一篇书信作文的内容是对某一事物或问题表示关心或者担心，写这类文章，首先要将存在的问题介绍清楚，提出自己的担心和关心，用词要真切、诚恳，提出解决问题的方法要切合实际。如何写一封信内容要点：自我介绍；叙述看到的问题；提出自己的担心；提出处理好问题的建议。
还要注意书信的格式。
1．(询问、邀请)信的结构
一般采用“三段式结构”，通常用firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin with，then，later等来依次询问或是提出邀请的理由。
首段：简单的问候，或是对对方给的帮助表示感谢。中段：针对自己不明的信息进行询问，或是提出自己的邀请的理由事项。要注意结构的清晰，用语的科学，针对具体不理解的地方进行询问。语气要委婉礼貌，切忌用语生硬，不顾对方感受。
结尾：简单的希望或是祝福。希望自己的询问或是邀请得到对方的答复。2．常用表达
信的开头常用语：
How time flies！It’s five months since you left.
Thank you for your helping me with...
I am writing to you to show my invitation...
Thanks for your letter on June 1st，I’m now answering...询问或邀请常用的句式：
I’d like to ask you...about...
I feel that it would be beneficial if you give me the answers.
I am writing to ask for your understanding and look forward to having good cooperation with you.
for one thing...for another...
firstly，secondly，thirdly 或 to begin with，then，later...结尾常用句式：
We sincerely hope that you can make it.
We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.
I’d like to suggest that you can give me a prompt response.【写作任务】
假设你是李华，在出国交流学习期间，到当地一家电影院看了一场精彩的电影，但在看电影的过程中你发现了一些问题。为表示你的关切，请根据下列提示用英语给影院经理写一封信：1．广告过多，影片放映过晚；
2．播放音量过大；
3．安全出口标识不明，存在安全隐患。
注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使全文连贯；
2．信的开头已写好。
参考词汇：安全隐患potential safety hazardsDear manager，
I am an exchange student from China.Yesterday，I went to your cinema to see a film.The film was very good，but____________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________【写作步骤】
Ⅰ.关键词语
1．广告太多________________________
2．不能准点放映电影________________
3．播放音量太大____________________
4．安全出口标识不清楚______________
5．采取措施加以改进________________[参考示例] 1.too many advertisements
2．the film had to be delayed
3．the sound of the film was so loud
4．the EXIT signs were not clearly indicated
5．take measures to make some improvementsⅡ.连词成句
1．广告太多，不能准点放映电影。(用原因状语从句)
The film had to be delayed _____________.
2．播放音量过大，会对听觉造成危害。(用be harmful to)
The sound of the film was so loud that it might ______________________.3．我写信的目的是希望你们会采取措施加以改进。(用in the hope that)
I’m writing the letter ___________to make some improvements.
[参考示例] 1.as there were so many advertisements
2．be harmful to our hearing
3．in the hope that you’ll take measuresⅢ.连句成篇
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________ 本讲结束
请按ESC键返回［综合训练·能力提升］课件8张PPT。我们知道，肢体语言是一种无声的语言，通过一个人的手势、肢体动作、面部表情，我们可以了解到他的思想活动、情绪变化等。那么，在面试的时候，什么样的肢体语言才能帮助我们获得求职的成功呢？现在就让我们来了解一下人的“肢体密码”吧。Winning the body language game
Everyone uses body language during an interview (whether he or she realizes it or not)，but very few think about it ahead of time and modify their body language to produce the most positive effect.The following are some typical interpretations of body language cues：Openness and warmth—open-lipped(嘴唇) smiling，opening hands，unbuttoning coat upon being seated，etc.
Confidence—leaning forward in the chair，putting the fingertips of one hand against the fingertips of the other hand in a “praying” position，hands joined behind back when standing.Nervousness—smoking，whistling，running tongue along the front of teeth，clearing throat，hands touching the face or covering part of the face，pulling at skin or ear，running fingers through hair，biting on pens or other objects，etc.If you have a habit of doing any of the above negatives，remove that action from your pattern(模式) of behaviour before it sends the wrong signal.Try to get rid of it now so you will not have to think about it during an interview.And keep in mind the person on the other side of the desk.As you talk with an interviewer，be aware of their body language and nonverbal cues.Do not try to read more that is actually being communicated，but try to develop a sense of the interviewer’s perception(看法) of you.The best example is the smile connection—when your smile brings about a smile from the interviewer.Do your best to stay connected with your interviewer—both verbally and nonverbally.Read the passage and tell which of the following statements is true (T) or false (F)．
1．Many people think about body language before an interview.
2．If you smoke，whistle，or pull at skin or ear，it will show that you are nervous.
3．You should try to read more that is actually being communicated.
答案 1.F 2.T 3.F 课件25张PPT。单元小结 重点复习Ⅰ.重点词汇
1．greet vi.& vt.迎接；问候
greet sb.with sth.以某事物迎接某人
greet sth.with sth.(以某种方式)对……作出反应
________n．问候；祝贺
答案 1.greeting 2．represent vt.代表；象征
represent oneself as自称
represent...as...把……描述成……
represent sth.to sb.向某人说明某事
representative n．________________
adj.________________
例如：He wanted to represent the reason for being late to his teacher.
他想向老师说明迟到的原因。
答案 2.代表；有代表性的，典型的 3．curiously adv.好奇地
curious adj.好奇的
be curious about对……好奇
________n．好奇心
out of curiosity出于好奇
例如：He looked at the picture curiously.
他好奇地看着那幅图画。
答案 3.curiosity 4．approach vt.& vi.走近；接近；靠近
n．接近；方法；途径
approach作名词时，常与介词________连用。
5．defence n．防御；保卫
________vt.防御；保卫
答案 4.to 5.defend 6．likely adj.可能的
be likely to do sth.很可能做某事
It is likely that...很可能……
7．be impressed with________________
impress on sb.that...给某人留下……的印象
impressive adj.令人赞叹的
impression n．印象
例如：We are impressed with the beauty of Suzhou.
我们对苏州的美印象深刻。
答案 7.对……印象深刻 8．ease n．安逸；舒适
vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
at ease舒适
put sb.at ease使某人感到自由
with ease轻而易举地；容易地
take one’s ease休息；放松
9．lose face________
lose heart灰心
save face保全面子
face to face面对面
答案 9.丢脸 10．in most cases________________
in that case如果那样的话
in any case无论如何
in no case绝不，都不
in the case of在……情况下
in case of万一，如果发生
in case免得，以免
in this case在这种情况下
答案 10.在大多数情况下Ⅱ.重点短语
1．________________防御……；保卫……以免受
2．________________很可能……；有希望……
3．________________总的来说；通常
4．________________舒适；快活；自由自在
5．________________丢脸
6．________________背对defend...against be likely to in general at ease lose face turn one’s back to Ⅲ.重点句型
1．After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive，I saw several young people enter the waiting area______ ________ ________.
在等待他们的航班到达半个小时后，我看到几个年轻人走进了等候区，好奇地向四周张望。
答案 1.looking around curiously 2．________ ________ ________greet each other the same way，________ ________ ________comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。
答案 2.Not all cultures；nor are they 3．However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others closely and________ ________ ________ ________touch them.
不过，来自西班牙、意大利和南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。
答案 3.are more likely to 4．________ ________，though，studying international customs can certainly________ ________ __________in today’s world of cultural crossroads!
但总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。
答案 4.In general；help avoid difficulties 5．Looking away from people or yawning will，________ ________ ________，make me appear to be uninterested.
在大多数情况下，把眼光从人们身上移开或者打个哈欠，会使我看上去(对此人或此事)不感兴趣。
答案 5.in most casesⅣ.重点语法
The -ing form as the Attribute and Adverbial(-ing形式作定语和状语)
1．I’d like to buy the blue clock________(stand) on the shelf.
2．The wolf spoke in a________voice and Mr.Dongguo felt________.(frighten)
答案 1.standing 2.frightening；frightened 3．________________(not receive) his wife’s reply，he decided to write another letter.
4．________(feel) excited，the young woman began to sing.
5．He has passed the exam，________(make) his parents happy.
答案 3.Not having received 4.Feeling 5.makingⅤ.功能
1．Prohibition and warning(禁止和警告)
Do not...不要……
Keep away from...远离……
Go away.走开。
Don’t enter here.不要进入这里。
Watch out！小心！
Look out！小心！
Be careful when...当……时候，小心点。
Be quiet.安静。
Come here.到这里来。
You may not...你可能没有……
You’ll be fined 200 yuan.你将被罚款200元。
Don’t smoke here.不要在这里吸烟。2．Obligation(义务/责任)
You must...你必须……
You should never...你绝不应该……
You’ll be...你将会……
You’ll have to...你将不得不……
You’ll need to...你将需要……书面表达写作技巧(Ⅲ)
要想书面表达得高分，应注意以下几个方面：
首先，培养高分句意识。所谓高分句是指复合句、特殊句式(尤其是使用倒装句、强调句等)，还可以是谚语。同学们最好把高分句放在每一段的开头，这样给人耳目一新的感觉。还可以放在文章的结尾，给人以厚重的感觉。
例如：翻译句子1．我不喜欢艺术，但是我发现他的作品极富感染力。
一般句：I don’t like art，but I find his works are impressive.
高分句：While/Although I really don’t like art，I find his works impressive.
高分句运用了while或although引导让步状语从句，形容词impressive充当了宾语补足语。2．我的妈妈对工作很认真，对周围的人非常友好。
一般句：My mother is careful with her work and friendly to the people around her.
高分句：Not only is my mother careful with her work，but also she is friendly to those living around her.
高分句运用了倒装句，提高了句子的难度。
其次，增强段落意识。这样使作文层次分明，条理清晰。再加上每一段的段首或段尾有一个高分句。这样的书面表达肯定会得高分。第三，提高书写水平。看一篇书写优美的书面表达，犹如欣赏一件艺术品。那大小匀称的字母、间距适当的单词，会给阅卷老师以美的享受，这样的书面表达一定会得高分！
