2020中考语法动词词义辨析精练
1.【2019 ?新疆维吾尔族自治区】Not only Jack but also I??????crazy about the football match.
??A. am????B. is????C. are????D. be
2.【2019 ?新疆维吾尔族自治区】—I’m afraid his radio is too noisy. Will you please _____ him to _____ a little.
??—Sure.
? A. ask；turn it down ?? B. allow；turn it on
? C. tell；turn it up ??????? D. advise；turn it off
3.【2019 ?新疆维吾尔族自治区】Mum likes????? ?soap operas. Let's buy a TV for her.
??A. becoming????B. watching????
??C. looking????????D. smelling
4.【2019 ?湖北省宜昌市】—Did you?????????the International Marathon in Lan Zhou on June 2, 2019?
—Of course. How exciting!
A. watch????B. review????
C. suppose????D. discover
5.【2019 ?襄阳市】— What does Huawei’s newest smartphone look like? ?
??— It’s wonderful! You can?????????it in half just like closing a book.
hand????B. pass????C. fold????D. cut
6.【2019 ?大庆市】How long will it ____ you to fly to Beijing from your hometown?
??A. spend????B. take????C. pay????D. use
7.【2019 ?河南省】You can’t change who you are by reading a book or change the way you act by watching a video. ??What _____ is what you do, not what you know.
??A. includes????B. decides????
C. means????D. matters
8.【2019 ?南通市】—Excuse me, can you teach me how to??????????????this new word?
??—No problem. Look at my mouth and listen carefully.
? ? A. prove????B. pronounce
????C. prepare???D. produce
9.【2019 ?江苏省无锡市】—I’m going to add some tomato sauce to the salad, if you don’t ___________.
??—Not at all. Go head.
??A. care????B. agree????C. mind????D. insist
10.【2019 ?广西贵港市】—Joe， don't eat too much ice-cream．
???—OK， mom．But it????????????????really good．
A．feels????B．looks????
C．tastes????D．sounds
11.【2019 ?海南省】—Would you please ______ your e-mail address? I missed it just now．
???—No problem．It's fox@163．com．
???A．repeat????B．review????C．record
12.【2019 ?辽宁省本溪市】—Look at the dark clouds， and the wind is blowing strongly．
???—It ______that a big storm is coming．
???A．sounds????B．seems???
? ?C．feels????D．smells
13.【2019 ?内蒙古呼和浩特市】—Jack, let’s have a picnic after school.
???—Sorry. I have ______Frank to work on the biology report with him.
?A. Advise ???????B. expected ????????
C. suggested ???D. promised
14.【2019 ?四川省达州市】—Can I _____________ Robinson Crusoe? Mrs. Zhao．
???—Sure，it's very interesting，but you can only ______________it for two weeks．
?? A．borrow；lend ?? B．lend；borrow
?? C．borrow；keep ?? D．lend；keep
15.【2019 ?福建】--- I have trouble?? ? ? ? ???English, Mr. Lee.
??--- Why not go to the English Corner and try to talk with others?
??A. reading????B. writing????C. speaking
16.【2019 ?安徽省】—Hello, Beijing Hotel. Can I help you?
—Yes, I'd like to _____ a single room for two nights.
A. enter????B. move????C. book????D. provide
17.【2019 ?山东省滨州市】—Tom, __________ the umbrella with you. Look at the dark sky, it’s going to rain.
??—Thank you, Dad.
??A. take????B. wear????C. use????D. make
18.【2019 ?江西省】You’ll have to ______ the books because there aren’t enough for everyone.
??A. pack????B. sell????C. choose????D. share
19.【2019 ?乐山】—Look, Linda. The flowers in our classroom came out in one night.
??—I can’t believe it. They are beautiful and colorful. They??????????????great.
??A. sound????B. smell????C.?taste
20.【2019 ?江苏省连云港市】Through the stories behind the idioms, we would be able to fully __________China's culture, history and tradition.
? ?A. understand????B. search????
???C. compare????D. imagine
21.【2019 ?临沂市】Roy works in London. It _________him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day.
??A. costs????B. spends????C. takes
22.【2019 ?泰州市】After the terrible explosion(爆炸) in Xiangshui, Yancheng, many people from cities around came to hospitals to _________blood.
???A. devote????B. create???
? ?C. donate????D. celebrate
23.【2019 ?湖北省武汉市】—Have you???????????chemistry for the coming exam?
???—Yes. I’m quite ready for it.
???A. repeated????B. copied????
? ?C. marked????D. reviewed
24.【2019 ?湖北省孝感市】Hurry up! We're late. I don't want to ________the start of the film.
???A. catch????B. get????C. miss????D. lose
25.【2019 ?深圳市】—We will have a big basketball game next week, but we still need a player.
???—Why don’t you ________?Bryan to join the game? He is fantastic.
???A. invite????B. teach????C. warn
26.【2019 ?山西省】Parents should let children ________?home and find more about the world.?After all, birds should fly freely in the sky.
???A. leave????B. enter????C. reach
27.【2019 ?河南】You can’t change who you are by reading a book or change the way you act by watching a video. What?_____?is what you do, not what you know.
???A. includes????B.decides????
????C.means????D. matters
28.【2019 ?天津市】We should _____?making a noise in the library．
???A．avoid????B．prefer????
????C．practise????D．enjoy?
答案
1.A【解析】句意：不仅杰克，我也为足球赛着迷。A. am是，主语是I；B. is是，主语是单数；C. are是，主语是复数；D. be原形。not only...but also…表示不仅……而且……；其遵循就近一致的原则，所以谓语动词需跟 I 保持一致，这里用 am，根据题意，故选A。
2.A【解析】句意：——我担心这个收音机太吵闹了。你可以让它关小点吗？——当然可以。ask sb to do sth让某人做某事，allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事，tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事，advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事，turn it down把它关小点，turn it on关上它，turn it up把它开大点，turn it off把它关上。根据I’m afraid his radio is too noisy.可知此处表示收音机太吵了，因此把它关小点，故选A。
3.B【解析】句意:妈妈喜欢观看肥皂剧，让我们为她买一台电视吧。A. becoming变成；B. watching观看；C. looking看起来；D. smelling闻起来。短语like doing sth.表示喜欢做某事。看肥皂剧是 watch soap operas.根据题意，故选B。
4.A【解析】句意：——你看2019年6月2日在兰州举行的国际马拉松比赛了吗?——当然。太令人兴奋了!考查动词辨析。A. 观看（电视/比赛）；B. 回顾；C. 设想；D. 发现。根据the International Marathon可知选A。
5.C【解析】句意：——华为最新的智能手机是什么样子的？——它太棒了！你可像一本书一样把它折叠起来。考查动词辨析。A. hand传递；B. pass经过；C. fold折叠；D. cut切割。根据in half just like closing a book就像合上一本书一样，可推知应是可以把它折叠起来，故答案选C。
6.B【解析】句意：从家乡坐飞机到北京要花费你多长时间？A. spend花费钱或时间，主语是人；B. take常指花费时间，用在“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”这一句型中；C. pay花费金钱，主语是人；D. use使用。本句考查的是“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”这一句型。故答案为B。
7.D【解析】句意：你不能通过看书来改变你是谁，也不能通过看视频来改变你的行为方式。重要的是你做什么，而不是你知道什么。A. includes包括；B. decides对……作出抉择；C. means方式；D. matters重要性。本题考查what matters = what is essential/important重要的是；因此本题应该选择matters重要性。符合语境。故选D。
8.B【解析】句意：——打扰一下，你能教给我怎样发出这个新单词的音吗？——没问题。看我的嘴认真地听。A. prove证明；B. pronounce发音；C. prepare准备；D. produce生产，制造。根据下文No problem. Look at my mouth and listen carefully.可知上文是说发音。根据题意，故选B。
9.C【解析】句意：——如果你不介意的话，我要在沙拉里加些番茄酱。——一点也不。加吧。A. care照料；B. agree同意；C. mind介意；D. insist坚持。根据I’m going to add some tomato sauce to the salad, if you don’t _________. 如果你不_______ 的话，我要在沙拉里加些番茄酱。和答语Not at all. Go head. 一点也不。加吧。可以推知，应该选择mind介意；符合语境。故选C。
10.C【解析】feel 感觉起来；look 看起来；taste 尝起来；sound 听起来；四个词都是感官动词，根据句子里don't eat too much ice-cream，不要吃太多冰淇淋可知冰淇淋是好吃的，用感官动词taste。故选：C。
11.A【解析】repeat 重复；review 复习；record 记录；从句子I missed it just now，刚才我错过了可知希望对方在说一遍，也就是重复一遍，因此选repeat最合适．其它两个选项不正确，故选：A。
12.B【解析】本题考查的动词词义的辨析。从上下句的语境和句意可知，回答的是好像/似乎一场大暴雨即将来临。所给的四个答案分析：sound 听起来；seem 似乎，好像；feel 感觉；smell 闻起来，因此只有答案B符合本题意思要求，故选：B。
13.D【解析】句意：——杰克，放学后我们去野餐吧。——抱歉。我答应弗莱克和他一起做生物学报告。A表示建议；B表示期待、盼望；C表示建议；D表示承诺、允诺。根据题干中Sorry可知杰克不能放学后去野餐，因为他承诺弗莱克和他一起去做生物学报告，其中promise sb. to do sth．表示承诺某人做某事，故选D。
14.C【解析】borrow借，强调借入，短暂性动词；lend借，强调借出，短暂性动词；keep也有借的意思，强调保管，延续性动词；Can I borrow Robinson Crusoe？强调借入，所以用borrow；由句子中的for two weeks第二个空应该用延续性动词keep，故选：C。
15.C【解析】考查动词的词意辨析：reading 阅读；writing 书写；speaking 说话， 演讲。题意为 “我在说英语方面有困难”，故选 C。
16.C句意：-你好，这里是北京宾馆，我能为你做点什么？-好的，我想要预订一个单人房，住两晚。enter进入；move移动；book预订；provide提供。根据对话的意思可知，这里是给北京宾馆打电话预订房间，故应选C。
17.A【解析】句意：——汤姆，带上雨伞。看这漆黑的天空，要下雨了。——谢谢你，爸爸。考查动词辨析。A. 拿；B. 穿；C. 用；D. 制作。根据下文Look at the dark sky, it’s going to rain.可知take sth with sb（某人随身携带……）符合句意，故选A。
18.D【解析】句意：你们不得不共用这些书，因为不够每个人一本。根据pack打包，sell卖，choose选择，share分享，共用；根据because there aren’t enough for everyone可知是共用；故选D。
19.B【解析】句意：——看！琳达，我们教室里的花在一天晚上就开了。——我无法相信，他们是如此地漂亮和五彩缤纷，他们闻起来很好”。A.听起来；B.闻起来；C.尝起来。根据空后great可知，空处用感官动词，且根据句意可知，表示“花闻起来很好”，故选B。
20.A【解析】句意：通过这些成语后的小故事，我们能够完全地理解中国的文化、历史和传统。A.理解；B.搜寻；C.对比；D.想象。根据句意可知，可以根据成语故事理解中国的文化、历史和传统，故选A。
21.C【解析】句意：罗伊在伦敦工作，他每天乘公共汽车上班大约要半个小时。cost花费，主语一般是物；spend花费钱或时间，主语是人；take花费时间，其句型为it takes sb some time to do sth；此句根据空前的it, 及后面的to do不定式，可以看出用到take的句型，故选C。
22.C【解析】句意：在盐城响水发生严重爆炸后，周围城市的许多人来医院献血。A. devote奉献；B. create创造；C. donate捐献；D. celebrate庆祝。devote把……奉献给，把……专用于，通常用于词组devote to；donate捐赠，赠送；根据After the terrible explosion(爆炸) in Xiangshui, Yancheng在盐城响水发生严重爆炸后。可知，有许多人受伤，因此周围城市的许多人来医院是献血的。因此选择donate捐献；故选C。
23.D【解析】句意：——你为即将到来的考试复习化学了吗？——是的，我完全准备好了。A.重复；B.抄袭；C.作标记；D.复习。根据I'm quite ready for it可知，他已经准备好了，所以表示复习化学，故选D。
24.C【解析】句意：快点！我们要迟到了。我不想错过电影的开头。考查动词辨析。A. 接住；B. 得到；C. 错过；D. 失去。根据Hurry up! We're late.可知ABD三项意思都不合句意，故选C。
25.A【解析】动词辨析。句意：——下周我们将有一场大型的篮球比赛，但是我们仍需要一名球员。——为什么不邀请布莱恩加入这场比赛呢？他非常棒！A 选项 invite，意为“邀请”；B 选项 teach，意为“教授”；C 选项 warn，意为“警告”。故答案选 A。
26.A【解析】】动词词义辨析。句意：父母应该让孩子离开家去发现更多的世界。毕竟，小鸟应该在天空中自由地飞翔。
27.D【解析】动词词义辨析。句意：读书不能改变你是谁，看视频也不能改变你的行为举止。重要的是你做了什么,而不是你知道什么。A:include“包括” ；B: decide“决定”；C：mean“打算”；D：matter"有关系；要紧”.
28.A【解析】句意：在图书馆我们应该避免制造噪音。avoid doing sth表示"避免做某事"，即，avoid making a noise。故选A。
2020中考语法动词词组辨析精练
【2019 ?湖北省宜昌市】—Shall we________the things we don’t use to the people in need????—Good idea.??
put off????????B. set out???C. get into???????D. give away
2.【2019 ?湖北省宜昌】—About 20 million people in the world have no enough safe drinking water.??—So we should_____how to deal with the problems of water.??
put on???????????B. look after??C. think about????D. get on with
3.【2019 ?湖南省岳阳市】The volunteers _____ the sick kids in the hospital on weekends.??
look after????B．look for????C．look through
4.【2019 ?贵州省安顺市】—I don't think teachers should give too much homework to_______ the free time of students.??—Exactly!??
give up????????B. take up??C. look up????????D. put up
5.【2019 ?四川省眉山市】— What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”???— Let me????????the words in the new dictionary.??
look at????????B. look for??C. look after????D. look up
6.【2019 ?湖北省咸宁市】— Jimmy, the books are everywhere in your study.??— Sorry, Mom. I’ll____at once.??
put them on????????B. put them away??C. put them out????????D. put them up
7.?【2019 ?襄阳市】— Does the old man have to?____his wife???— Yes. They have no children to depend on.?
look after????????B. look for??C. look up????????????D. look like
8.【2019 ?襄阳市】— Your sister??????__?_ your mother very much.??— Many people regard them as sisters when they hang out together.?
cares for????????B. takes after??C. helps out????????D. believes in
9.【2019 ?湖南省益阳市】—Kate, _________ the TV, please. It's time to go to bed.??—OK, mom.?
turn on????B. turn off????C. turn up
10.【2019 ?江苏省南京市】Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and _____which university is the?best for her to attend．??
put out????????B．stay out???C．find out????????D．run out
11.【2019 ?广西北部湾经济区】John, please _________your dictionary from the schoolbag and look up the new word.??
take away????????B. take up???C. take off????????D. take out
12.【2019 ?广西河池市】Zhang Lan usually?looks after?her little brother at home when her mother is away.同义??
looks up????B. looks out???C. looks over????D. takes care of
13.【2019 ?河南省】I asked my father to _______ me _______ at the school gate at 6:30 so that we could visit Grandma together.??
pick; up????????B. turn; down???C. let; down??????D. cheer; up
14.【2019 ?吉林省】We always?___??our classroom every Friday afternoon.??
clean up????B. put up????C. use up
15.【2019 ?南通市】Some jazz musicians are great because they can?____??music while playing.???
put up????B. set up???C. take up????D. make up
16.【2019 ?黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市】Our school has ________ a sign at the gate, saying “Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile”.??
?A. put up????B. put off????C. put on
17.【2019 ?天水市】Don't?__today's work for tomorrow. Today's work must be done today.??
?A. put off????B. put out???C. put up????D. put on
18.【2019 ?江苏省无锡市】On April 15, a fire ___________ in Notre Dame, an 850-year-old cathedral in the heart of Paris.??
?A. ran out????????B. broke out???C. turned out????D. carried out
19.【2019 ?湖南省湘西州】—Tony，it's cold outside.??????your coat when you go out.???—All right，Mom.???
A. Put up????B. Put off????C. Put on
20.【2019 ?岳阳市】The volunteers ________ the sick kids in the hospital on weekends.???
A. look after????B. look for???C. look through
21.【2019 ?甘肃省天水市】Don't?____today's work for tomorrow．Today's work must be done today．???
put up????B．put out???C．put off????D．give up
22.【2019 ?广西贵港市】—The oil on the earth will?___one day．???—I think so．We should make good use of it．?
find out????????B．work out???C．give out????????D．run out
23.【2019 ?广西贵港市】—I heard that Paul hurt himself badly in the earthquake．???—Yes．The doctor had to ______?his right leg to save him．??
cut up????B．cut out???C．cut off????D．cut down
24.【2019 ?广西河池市】Zhang Lan usually?looks after?her little brother at home when her mother is away(同义）?
looks up????????B．looks out??C．looks over????D．takes care of
25.【2019 ?广西柳州市】—Dad, I don't know this new word???—Well, you can ____ in the dictionary.?
look up it ????B. look it up????C. look it around
26.【2019 ?广西玉林市】—Students' life shouldn't just be about grades．?Free time activities like sports and ____ with friends are important too．???—I think so．???
hanging out????????B．giving out???C．handing out????????D．taking out
27.【2019 ?贵州省黔南州】—Look! The light in your bedroom is still on．???—Sorry, I forgot?????????.???
to tum it off????????B．to turn it down???C．to turn it up????????D．to turn it on
28.【2019 ?海南省】Families usually ______ new pictures of flowers or fish before Spring Festival．??
give up????B．put up????C．set up
29.【2019 ?吉林省】We always___?our classroom every Friday afternoon．??
clean up????B．put up????C．use up
30.【2019 ?辽宁省本溪市】To feed her little son, Mrs. Smith has to _______ the vegetables and meat.?
make up????????B．put up???C．set up????????????D．cut up
31.【2019 ?内蒙古呼和浩特市】I really need to take more exercise because I’m _______weight.???
putting down ????????B. putting on ????????????C. putting off ?????????D. putting away
32.【2019??青海省】—Can you give me some suggestions on reading books????—You'd better ______ the dictionary when you meet the new words．??
look up????B．look around????C．look for
33.?【2019??四川省广元市】We’d better __________ our sports meeting because it’s going to rain.???
put on????B. put up????C. put off
34.【2019 ?福建】My deskmate and I are going to____a talk show at the party to celebrate the 70th birthday of our motherland.??
hand in????B. put on????C. take out
35.?【2019 ?安徽省】—Shall we go to the airport to ___ your sister???—I don’t think it’s necessary. She will come here by taxi.??
see off????????B. pick up??C. look after????D. come across
36.【2019 ?山东省滨州市】They’ll succeed in working out the problem because they never ____________.??
wake up????????B. give up??C. look up?????????D. make up
37.【2019 ?甘肃省敦煌市】Don’t forget to_? ?___the lights when they are not in use!
turn over??????B. turn off??C. turn up????????D. turn on
38.【2019 ?江苏省淮安】Those young firemen were brave enough to __________ the fire in the forest.?
work out????????B. put out??C. hand out????????D. look out
39.【2019 ?湖北省黄冈市】—I don’t know how to_? ?___the old books.??—Why not give them away to poor children???
hand out????????B. give up??C. deal with????????D. take up
40.【2019 ?甘肃省兰州市】—Can I help you, Sir???—Yes, please. I am __? ?__ a blue T-shirt.??
looking up????????B. looking for??C. looking after????D. looking through
41.【2019 ?江苏省连云港市】April 15 was a sad day for France. A large fire __________at the Cathedral of Notre-Dame.??
broke out????????B. carried out??C. gave out????????D. ran out
42.【2019 ?临沂市】Cathy sold some of her things in a yard sale and _________the money to a children's home.?
gave away????B. gave up????C. gave out
43.【2019 ?四川省南充市】—It's cold outside, Jimmy! You should __________your sweater.???—Thanks, mom.??
take off????????B. take in??C. put on????????????D. put up
44.【2019 ?江苏省苏州市】Would you please ____________ the light? I can't sleep well with it on.??
turn on????????B. turn off???C. turn to????????D. turn around
45.【2019 ?泰州市】A forest fire _____________ at the end of March in Liangshan, Sichuan Province. Firemen?rushed into the mountains but 27 of them never came back.???
turned out????B. carried out???C. put out????????D. broke out
46.【2019 ?湖北省武汉市】—Why were you shouting at Tom????—I told him to be quiet,?but he?___?talking.???
joined in????????B. ended up???C. kept on????????D. put off
47.【2019 ?湖北省孝感市】All the members decided to ________the money from the book sale to homeless people.?
give up????????B. give away???C. take up????????D. take away
48.【2019 ?江苏省宿迁市】Miss Lee likes _________. She tells everyone that she has got a new car.???
coming out????????B. showing off???C. turning out????????D. taking off
49.【2019 ?河北】On the first day of Chinese New Year, we_________ new clothes and visit people.?
pick up ??????B. put on ????????????????C. take off ?????D. throw away
50.【2019 ?深圳】—Today, mobile payment is very convenient. Almost everyone is using it.???—That’s true. We don’t even need to _________?money from the bank.?
take out????B. take off????C. take up
51.【2019 ?山西省】Fighting for your dream is like climbing a mountain. Whatever difficulties you meet, don’t _________. Just move on.?
set off????B. come out????C. give up
52.【2019 ?河南省】I asked my father to _________?me _________?at the school gate at 6:30 so that we could visit Grandma together.???
pick; up????????B. turn;?down???C.?let; down????D. cheer; up
53.【2019 ?哈尔滨市】—Some?students?don?t?know?how?to ____ worries.???—They?can?ask?their?teachers?and?parents?for?help.???
A?belong?to????B.?deal?with????C.?call?in
54.【2019 ?天津】If you want to join the Music Club．____?the form, please．??
go out????????B．fill out???C．get up????????D．warm up
55.【2019 ?乐山】—It’s already 7:50. If you want to get to the meeting on time, you must?___???, Jack.???—I see. I’ll walk quickly.??
hurry up????B. ring up????C. stay up
56.【2019 ?山东省青岛市】The English Speech Competition____the best in her. As a result, she is more active now.??
?A. checked out????B. tried out???C. left out????????????D. brought out
答案
1.D【解析】句意：——我们将把不用的东西送给需要帮助的人吗?——好主意。考查动词短语辨析。A.推迟；B.?出发；C.?进入；D.?赠送。根据句意语境，可知前面三项意思都与句意不合，故选D。
C【解析】句意：——世界上大约有2000万人没有足够的安全饮用水。——所以我们应该考虑如何处理水的问题。A.?穿上；B.照顾；C.?思考；D.?继续。考查动词短语辨析。根据how to deal with the problems of water可知think about符合句意，故选C。
A【解析】look after照顾；look for寻找；look through浏览；温习，句意：志愿者们周末在医院照顾生病的孩子。look after符合语境，故选：A。
B【解析】句意：——我认为教师不应该布置太多的家庭作业来占用学生的空闲时间。——没错！考查动词短语。A. give up放弃；B. take up占用，占据；C. look up查阅，查字典，抬头看；D. put up建造，搭起，挂起。结合句意可知填take up；选B。
D【解析】句意：——一带一路是什么意思？——让我们在这个字典上查一下这个词。A.看；B.寻找；C.照顾；D.查阅。根据句意可知，表示“查阅这个单词”，故选D。
B【解析】句意：——吉米，你书房里到处都是书。?——对不起，妈妈。我马上把它们收起来。put on：穿上；put away：收起来，放好；put out：熄灭；put up：挂起来，张贴。根据the books are everywhere in your study.?你书房里到处都是书。可知，应该是把这些书收起来，放好。因此选择put away：收起来，放好；故选B。
A【解析】句意：——这位老人必须照顾他的妻子吗?——是的，他们没有孩子可以依靠。考查动词短语。A. look after照顾、照看；B. look for寻找；C. look up查阅、仰望；D. look like看起来像…。根据They have no children to depend on.?他们没有孩子可以依靠。可推知应是这位老人必须照顾他的妻子，故答案选A。
B【解析】句意：——你姐姐长得很像你妈妈。——当她们一起出去闲逛的时候，很多人把她们当成姐妹。考查动词短语。A. cares for关心、照顾；B. takes after与…相像；C. helps out帮助…摆脱困难；D. believes in相信。根据下文Many people regard them as sisters很多人把她们当成姐妹，可推知应是她们长得很像，故答案选B。
B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——凯特，关上电视。该睡觉了。——好的，妈妈。A. turn on打开；B. turn off关闭；C. turn up出现，发生。根据后一句妈妈提醒It’s time to go to bed.该睡觉了，可知要求她关闭电视机，故选B。
C【解析】put out扑灭；stay out留在户外；find out发现，找出；run out用光，根据句意"蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化，找出哪所大学最适合她"可知，要用"找出，发现"，其他选项语意不通，故选：C。11.D【解析】句意：约翰，请从书包里拿出你的字典来查这个新单词。考查动词短语。
A. take away拿走、带走；B. take up占据、开始从事；C. take off起飞、脱下；D. take out取出、拿出。根据语境：请…你的字典从你的书包里来查这个新单词，可知此处表达的是“取出、拿出”，结合选项可知D选项符合题意，故答案选D。
D【解析】句意：张兰经常在她的妈妈离开时在家里照顾她的小弟弟。looks up向上看；查找；looks out向外看；小心；looks over检查，察看；takes care of照顾。原句中划线的单词looks after意为“照顾”，与take care of是同义短语，故应选D。
A【解析】句意：我让我父亲6:30在学校门口接我，这样我们就可以一起去看望奶奶了。A. pick; up拾起；捡起；还有“用车去接……”的意思；B. turn; down关小；C. let; down使失望；使沮丧；D. cheer; up（使）振作起来。根据后文so that we could visit Grandma together.?这样我们就可以一起去看望奶奶了。可知，前文应该是让父亲在6:30在学校门口接我。因此应该选择pick; up，符合语境。故选A。
A【解析】句意：每个周五的下午我们经常打扫我们的教室。A.打扫；B.张贴、举起、搭建、留宿；C.用光。根据句意可知，表示“打扫教室”，故选A。
D【解析】句意：有些爵士乐手很棒，因为他们可以一边演奏一边编音乐。A. put up张贴；B. set up建立；C. take up占据；D. make up编造。根据下文music while playing.可知上文是编造。根据题意，故选D。
A【解析】句意：我们学校已经在大门口张贴来一个标志，上面写着“用微笑而不是手机问候你的孩子。”?A. put up张贴；B. put off推迟；C. put on穿上。根据下文saying?“Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile”.可知这里是说张贴。根据题意，故选A。
A【解析】句意：今日事今日毕，今天的工作必须今天完成。A. put off推迟；B. put out熄灭；C. put up举起，张贴；D. put on穿上。根据“Today's work must be done today.”可知，不要把今天的工作推迟到明天做，故答案为A。
B【解析】句意：4月15日，巴黎市中心一座有850年历史的大教堂圣母院发生火灾。A. ran out耗尽；B. broke out爆发，发生；C. turned out…打扮的；D. carried out执行。根据a fire可知，应该是火灾发生了，语境是：4月15日，巴黎市中心一座有850年历史的大教堂圣母院发生火灾。故选B。
C【解析】句意：——托尼，外面很冷。出门时穿上外套。——好吧，妈妈。A. Put up挂起；B. Put off推迟；C. Put on穿上。根据Tony，it's cold outside.?托尼，外面很冷。可知，出门时应该是穿上外套。因此应该选择Put on穿上。故选C。
A【解析】句意：这些志愿者们周末的时候在医院里照顾这些生病的孩子。look after照顾；look for寻找；look through浏览，温习。根据空后…the sick kids in the hospital可知，这里表示“照顾生病的孩子”，故应选A。
C【解析】put up张贴；put out提出；put off推迟；give up放弃。根据Today's work must be done today可知今天的工作必须今天完成，不要把今天的工作推到明天。故选：C。
D【解析】find out查明，work out计算出，give out分发，run out耗尽；根据句意"地球上的石油总有一天会耗尽的"可知，要填"耗尽"，其它选项语意不通。故选：D。
C【解析】cut up切碎，cut out停止，裁剪，cut off切除，cut down砍到；根据句意"是的，医生不得不切掉他的右腿来救他"可知，要填"切除"，其他选项语意不通。故选：C。
D【解析】句意：妈妈不在家时，张兰通常在家照看她的弟弟。look up查询，向上看；look out小心；look over仔细检查；take care of照顾；look after意为照顾；与take care of意思相同，故选：D。
B【解析】句意：——爸爸，我不认识这个单词。——好，你可以在字典里查阅。look up表示查阅，look around表示向……四周看。26.A【解析】hang out表示闲逛、逛街，give out表示分发，hand out也表示分发，take out表示拿出。根据题干可知学生的生活不应该只和成绩有关，像运动、和朋友逛街这些业余活动也是非常重要的，故选：A。
A【解析】句意：——看！你卧室的灯还亮着。——对不起，我忘记关了。forget to do sth表示忘记做某事，turn off表示关上，故选：A。
B【解析】give up放弃，put up张贴，set up建立；根据句意"家庭通常会在春节前贴上鲜花或鱼的新图片"可知，要填"张贴"，其它选项语意不通，故选：B。
A【解析】句意：每个星期五下午我们总是在打扫教室。结合选项，A．打扫；B．举起；C．用光，选项A符合题意，故选：A。
D【解析】A表示组成，编造，化妆；B表示张贴，搭建；C表示建立；D表示切碎。根据题干可知为了喂她的小儿子，史密斯夫人不得不把蔬菜和肉切碎，故选：D。
B【解析】句意：我真的需要多锻炼因为我长胖了。put off"推迟"；put on"穿上，增加"；put down"放下"；put away"放好"。根据need to take more exercise?可知，因为我体重增加，所以需要减肥，故选B。32.A【解析】句意：——你能给我一些关于读书的建议吗？——当你遇到新单词的时候，你最好去查字典。A表示查阅；B表示向……四周看，C表示寻找，根据题干可知说话人给对方读书的建议是当其遇到新单词的时候，最好去查字典，故选：A。
C【解析】句意：我们最好推迟运动会，因为要下雨了。结合选项，A．穿上；B．举起；C．推迟；选项C符合题意，故选：C。
B【解析】考查动词词组的词意辨析：hand in?上交；put on?上演，穿上，增重；take out?带出去。题意为 “我的同桌和我打算上演一个谈话节目来庆祝祖国的?70?周年诞辰”，故选?B。
B【详解】句意：-我们去机场接你的姐姐，好吗？-我想这没有必要，她会乘出租车来这里。see off为某人送行；pick up接某人；look after照顾；come across偶然遇见。根据句意She will come here by taxi可知，这里表示“去机场接…”，故应选B。
B【解析】句意：他们会成功地解决这个问题，因为他们从没放弃。考查动词短语辨析。A.?醒来；B.放弃；C.?查找；D.?编造。because因为，表原因；根据They’ll succeed in working out the problem可知ACD三项意思都不合句意，故选B。
B【解析】句意“当你不使用灯时，不要忘记关掉他们”。A.移交；B.关闭；C.出现；D.打开。根据句意可知，不用灯时要关灯，故选B。38.B【解析】句意：那些年轻的消防队员足够勇敢地扑灭了森林中的大火。A. work out解出，算出；B. put out熄灭；C. hand out上交；D. look out小心。根据Those young firemen were brave enough及the fire in the forest.可知是扑灭大火。根据题意，故选B。
C【解析】句意：——我不知道如何处理旧书。——为什么不把它们送给穷孩子呢？A. hand out分发；B. give up放弃；C. deal with处理；D. take up开始从事。根据Why not give them away to poor children??为什么不把它们送给穷孩子呢？可知，这是处理旧书的一种方式，因此选择deal with处理；符合语境。故选C。
B【解析】句意：——先生，需要我帮忙吗？——是的，请。我在找一件蓝色的T恤。A. looking up查找；B. looking for寻找；C. looking after照顾；D. looking through浏览。结合后面的a blue T-shirt一件蓝色的T恤，可知，应该选择looking for寻找；符合语境。故选B。
A【解析】句意：对于法国来说，4月15日是一个悲伤的日子，在巴黎圣母院突发一场大火。A.爆发；B.实行，执行；C.发出；D.用光。根据句意可知，表示爆发大火，故选A。
A【解析】句意：凯茜在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了一些东西，把钱捐给了一个儿童之家。give away捐赠，give up放弃，give out分发；根据句意，表示把钱“捐赠”给了儿童之家，故选A。
C【解析】句意：——外面很冷，Jimmy。你应该穿上你的毛衣。——谢谢，妈妈。A. take off脱下；B. take in吸入；C. put on穿上；D. put up张贴。根据上文It's cold outside, Jimmy!可知下文是说穿上你的毛衣。根据题意，故选C。
B【解析】句意：请你把灯关掉好吗?灯亮着我睡不着。考查动词短语辨析。A.?打开；B.?关闭；C.?向(某人)求助；D.转身。the light灯，根据I can't sleep well with it on.可知请求关灯，故选B。
D【解析】句意：三月底，四川凉山发生森林火灾。消防员冲进了山里，但有27个没有回来。A. turned out熄灭（电灯、煤气等）；B. carried out执行；C. put out熄灭；D. broke out突发，爆发。根据Firemen rushed into the mountains but 27 of them never came back.?消防员冲进了山里，但有27个没有回来。可知，三月底，是四川凉山发生森林火灾。因此消防员才冲进山里灭火，所以选择broke out突发，爆发。符合语境。故选D。
C【解析】句意：——你为什么朝汤姆喊？——我告诉他安静，但是他继续说话。A.参加；B.以……结束，最后成为；C.继续；D.推迟，拖延。根据句意可知，表示汤姆继续说话，故选C。
B【解析】句意：所有的成员都决定把卖书所得的钱捐给无家可归的人。考查动词短语辨析。A.?放弃；B.赠送；C.?接受/开始干；D.?带走。根据to homeless people可知give away符合语境，故选B。
B【解析】句意：李小姐喜欢炫耀。她告诉每个人她有一辆新车。考查动词短语辨析。A.?出来；B.?炫耀；C.转身；D.?起飞。根据She tells everyone that she has got a new car.可知show off符合句意，故选B。49.B【解析】考查动词词组辨析。结合语境翻译为“中国新年的第一天，我们穿上新衣服然后走亲访友”。pick up捡起；take off脱下；throw away扔掉，不符合题意，故选B。
A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——现在，移动支付非常便捷。几乎每个人都在使用移动支付。——是的。我们甚至不需要从银行取款。A?选项?take out，意为“取款”；B?选项?take off，意为“起飞；脱下”；C?选项?take up，意为“开始从事；占据”。故答案选A。
C【解析】动词词组辨析。句意：为你的梦想奋斗就像登一座山，不管遇到什么样的困难，不要放弃，一直前进。
A【解析】动词短语。句意：我让我的父亲6:30在校门口接我，以便我们一起去看望祖母。A. pick up“捡起，接某人”；B. tum down"（音量）调小，拒绝”；C. let down"失望”；D. cheer up“振作”，故选A。
B【解析】结合答语可推知，此处指一些学生不知道怎样处理焦虑。belong to意为“属于”，deal with意为“处理”，call in意为“来访”。54.B【解析】考查动词短语。句意：如果你想要加入音乐俱乐部，请填好表格。需要填入一个动词短语，表示"填入"，用fill out。故选：B。
A【解析】句意：——杰克，现在已经7:50了，如果你想要按时到达会议现场，你必须快点。——我知道，我将快速地走”。A.快点；B.打电话；C.熬夜。根据I see. I’ll walk quickly“我将快点走”可知，第一个人说“你必须快点”，故选A。
56.D【解析】句意：英语演讲比赛激发出她的潜能（使她表现出她最好的一面）。结果，她现在更活跃了。A. checked out核实，查实；B. tried out试验，测验；C. left out排除，不包括；D. brought out使显现，使表现出。bring out the best in somebody意为“把某人最好的一面表现或显露出来”。故答案为D。
2020中考语法动词及动词短语精讲
考点一 动词
动词主要包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词
一、实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词，根据后面是否带宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1.?及物动词本身意义不完整，后面要跟一个名词或代词等作宾语才能使其意思完整。
①动词十宾语，如：buy?some?books买一些书；
②动词十宾语十宾补，如：find?the?book?interesting发现这本书有趣；
③动词十间接宾语十直接宾语，如：give?me?some?money给我一些钱。
常见带双宾语的词有：give,?pass,?buy,?offer,?teach,?tell等。
2.?不及物动词自身意思完整，无需接宾语。后接宾语时，必须先加介词、副词等，使其变成及物的动词短语。如：
He?arrives?early?every?morning.他每天到得很早。
They?are?looking?at?the?blackboard.他们在看黑板。
3.?有的动词既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。如：
She?sings?very?well.她唱得很好。（sing是不及物动词）
She?sang?an?English?song?just?now.?她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词)
4.?常见行为动词辨析
①spend，cost，take与pay（四个花费）
spend指花费时间或者金钱，后接on?sth或(in)doing?sth；
cost的主语为物，意为“值多少钱”；
take表示花费多少时间，可用于固定句型It+takes/took+sb.+时间+to?do?sth；
pay与介词for连用。如：
He?spends?two?hours?in?doing?his?homework?every?day.他每天花两小时做作业。
The?car?cost?him?a?lot?of?money.这辆车花了他好多钱。
It?took?me?half?an?hour?to?clean?the?room.我花了半小时打扫房间。
I?paid?40?yuan?for?the?book.这本书我花了40块钱。
②borrow，lend与keep（三个借）
三者都可表示“借”，但是borrow指“借入，借进（从他人那里借某东西为自己所用）”，常用短语：borrow?sth.?from?sb.?/sp.；
lend指“借出去（借给他人）”，常用短语：lend?sth.?to?sb.?/lend?sb.?sth.（通常跟双宾语）。区别时关键看主语，是主语借给别人就是lend，主语向别人借就是borrow;?
keep是延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连周，表示“借多长时间”。如：
My?sister?often?borrows?books?from?the?library.我妹妹常从图书馆借书。
I?lent?my?bike?to?Jim?yesterday.我昨天把自行车借给杰姆了。
How?long?can?I?keep?the?book?这本书我能借多久？
③speak,?say,?talk与?tell（四个说）
speak意为“讲话”，着重指在会议上的演讲，或指讲某种语言等。
say意为“说”，着重说的内容，用作及物动词。
talk意为“谈话”，着重双方交谈。talk?to/with?sb?about?sth表示“和某人谈论某事”。
tell意为“告诉”，一般接双宾语。tell?a?story，“讲故事”；tell?a?lie，“撒谎”。如：
He?can?speak?Chinese.他能说中文。
Please?say?it?in?English.请用英语说。
They?are?talking?about?it.?他们在谈论这事。
He?can?tell?you?something?about?his?family.他会告诉你有关他家的事。
④forget与leave（两个忘）⑤
forget意为“忘记（记忆中的东西）”。表示“遗忘”时，不能同表示地点的词语连用；
leave意为“落下，遗落”，指把某物遗忘在某个地方，后接表示地点的词语。
I've?forgotten?his?name.我已忘了他的名字。
He?left?his?English?book?at?home.他把英语书忘家里了。
⑤look for 与find（两个找）
look for强调寻找的过程
find强调找的结果
⑥listen to和hear（两个听）
listen to强调听的动作
hear强调听的结果
⑦get、reach和arrive（三个到达）
get 同+地点名词
reach及物动词，后面可以直接跟地点名词
arrive in+大地方 at+小地方
⑧dress、put on和 wear（三个穿）
dress sb.给某人穿衣服，dress sb.up打扮某人
put on 穿上、戴上，表示动作
wear穿着，戴着，表示状态
考点二 连系动词
一、连系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。
常见的系动词分类如下：
分类 例词 例句
be动词 am,??is,??are,??was,??were She?is?a?girl?with?short?hair. 她是个留短发的女孩。
感官类系动词 look,?sound,?smell,?feel,?taste His?plan?sounds?wonderful. 他的计划听起来很棒。
变化类系动词 become,?get,?grow,?go,?turn Her?face?turned?red. 她的脸变红了。
状态类系动词 keep,?stay,?remain The?shop?stays?open?till?9?pm. 这家店开到晚上9点。
注意：
1.?系动词十形容词，构成系表结构。
2.?系动词没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。如：
这条裙子摸起来很舒服。（汉译英）
The?dress?feels?comfortable（正确）
The?dress?is?felt?comfortable（错误）
考点三 助动词
一、助动词本身没有意义，它只是帮助主要动词构成谓语，表示疑问、否定、时态、语态等。有些单词并不是固定的助动词，如动词be、have、do等在句子中与主要动词一起构成各种时态、语态、否定句、疑问句时，才担当起助动词的作用。
常见的助动词还有will,?shall,? would,?should等。
分类 作用
be am/is/are+现在分词→现在进行时?was/were+现在分词→过去进行时?be+过去分词→被动语态
do 形式有do，does，did，用于构成疑问句和否定句，或用在动词原形前加强语气。
have have/has+过去分词→现在完成时?had+过去分词→过去完成时
will/shall would/should will/shall+动词原形→一般将来时 would/should+动词原形→过去将来时
考点四 动词短语
动词短语：以动词为中心构成的短语称为动词短语。
动词短语的类别和用法
类别 用法 常见的动词短语
动词十介词 这类短语动词后跟宾语时，宾语都须置于介词之后。 look?for,?look?after,?wait?for,?talk?about,?shout?at,?shout?to,?work?on,?hear?from,?think?of,?depend?on,?belong?to
动词十副词 及物性质的短语动词后跟名词（词组）作宾语时，宾语置于副词前后均可；后跟代词作宾语时，宾语要置于副词之前。 cheer?up,?clean?up,?put?up,?fix?up,?work?out, ?give?out,?give?away,?think?over,?hand?in,?put?on,?try?on,?put?away,?pick?up,?give?back
动词十副词+介词 这类短语动词后跟宾语时，宾语应置于介词之后。 catch?up?with,?look?forward?to,?keep?away?from,?run?out?of,?get?along?with,?get?out?of,?come?up?with,?go?on?with
动词十名词十介词 它们相当于及物动词，后面要接宾语。 make?friends?with,?pay?attention?to,?take?care?of,?take?notice?of,?take?part?in
be十形容词十介词 be?good?at,?be?interested?in,?be?good?for,?be?worried?about
动词十反身代词（+介词） 这类短语相当于及物动词，其后可按宾语 devote?oneself?to?help?oneself?to,?dress?oneself
