中考语法语态精讲
??考点一???被动语态的应用
????语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语的关系。当主语是动作的执行者时用主动语态（某人做某事）；当主语是动作的承受者时，用被动语态（某事被某人做）。
一、各种时态的被动语态
?被动语态由“主语+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词有时态、人称和数的变化。
结构 例句
一般现在时： 主语+am/is/are+过去分词 The classroom ?is cleaned ?every day. 教室每天都打扫。
一般过去时： 主语+was/were+过去分词 Our school was built in 1998. 我们的学校在1998年建造。
一般将来时： 主语+shall/will+be+过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow.?运动会明天举行。
现在进行时： 主语+am/is/are +being+过去分词 The car is being repaired. 这辆汽车正在修理中。
过去进行时： 主语+was/were +being+过去分词 The machine ?was being painted ?then.?那时那台机器正在上油漆。
现在完成时： 主语+has/have +been+过去分词 The bank has been built. 银行已经建成了。
过去完成时： 主语+had +been+过去分词 I had been invited to visit America before I came here.?在来这儿之前我已经被邀请访问美国了。
过去将来时：主语+should/would+be+过去分词 Ann told me she ?would be sent to America.?安告诉我她将被派往美国。
含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+be+过去分词 The bike can’t be put ?here. 这辆自行车不能被放在这里。
?
二、主动语态变被动语态的方法
第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。
第二步：把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，应把宾格变为主格。
第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +?及物动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变。
第四步：把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语（没必要说出动作的执行者时可省略），若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变为宾格。
?
?
考点二?被动语态的几种特殊形式
1.?主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。例如：
We saw an alien get out of the UFO.
→ An alien was seen to get out of the UFO.
【温馨提示】
后接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时，
宾补部分不变。
对比：We heard Jim playing the guitar in his room.
→ Jim was heard playing the guitar in his room.
2.?谓语动词后接双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）时，
（1）把间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。例如：
He gave?me?a new book.
????????↓ ??????↓ ??????????
???间接宾语???直接宾语
→I?was given?a new book?by him.
?
(2)把直接宾语变主语，间接宾语不变。例如：
He gave?me?a new book.?
????????↓ ????↓ ?????????????
间接宾语? 直接宾语
→A new book?was given to?me?by him.
?
3.?句中谓语是动词短语时，变为被动语态时要注意其完整性。
Jack turned on the TV just now.
→The TV was turned on by Jack just now.
4.?带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只须把宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾语补足语仍保留在原处，作主语补足语。例如：
Our teacher told us to clean the classroom at once.
→We were told to clean the classroom at once by our teacher.
5.?主动表被动
(1) feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。例如：
The dishes smell so delicious.
菜闻起来真香。
Your idea sounds better.
你的主意听起来更好。
(2)有些动词，如sell, cut, drive, wash, clean, write, open, lock等，作为不及物动词时可以用主动语态表示被动含义。例如：
Books of Harry Potter sell well.
《哈利?波特》系列的书很畅销。
My pen writes smoothly.
我的钢笔写起字来很流畅。
?(3) sth. need/ want/ require doing相当于
sth. need/ want/ require to be done (不定式的被动结构)。例如：
Your room needs cleaning. = Your room needs to be cleaned.?你的房间需要打扫了。
(4)be worth doing(值得做)?中的doing表示被动含义。
The movie is worth watching by everyone.
这部电影值得所有人看一看。
6.?不用被动语态的情况
(1)系动词、不及物动词或某些动词短语没有被动语态。
??例如：come true; fall asleep; keep quiet; take place等；
(2)主动句的宾语是不定式或doing时不能用作被动语态的主语；
(3)反身代词或each other不能作被动语态的主语。
7.?被动语态与系表结构的区别
“be + p. p. ”表示动作时是被动语态；“be + p. p. ”
表示主语所处的状态时是系表结构。
(1)含有“by +?宾语”结构强调动作执行者，此时为被动语态。例如：
The window is broken.?窗户坏了。（系表结构）
The window is broken by me.?窗户是我打破的。（被动语态）
(2)句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般是被动语态。例如：
??The door was closed.?门是关着的。（系表结构）
??The door was closed at 9: 00.?九点钟关的门。（被动语态）
(3)系表结构中常用介词搭配，被动语态中没有介词搭配。
例如：
We’re worried about the boy.
我们担心那个男孩。
(4)系表结构的过去分词可以被副词修饰。例如：
?I’m really surprised at the news.
我对这个消息真的感到很惊讶。
(5)系表结构通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而被动语态可用于多种时态。
?
2020中考语法语态精练
【2019 ?福建】As one of the most exciting sports, volleyball?__________?in the Olympic Games in 1964.??
included????B. is included????C. was included
2.【2019 ?安徽】The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ____ before the rainy season comes.??
is completed????B. was completed??C. will be completed????D. has been completed
3.【2019 ?甘肃省敦煌市】A?baby's?first?month?birthday?is?a?special?event?in?China and?_____?with?a?special Party.??
celebrates????B. is?celebrated??C. was?celebrated????D. will?celebrate
4.【2019 ?湖北省黄冈市】—Oh,?your room is too dirty, Mike!??—Sorry, Mum. It?___ ???_yesterday. I forgot to do it.??
didn’t clean????B. isn’t cleaned??C. was cleaned????D. wasn’t cleaned
5.【2019 ?江西省】Gina went to the doctor’s yesterday and she ______ about the importance of good living habits once more.??
told????B. is told? ??C. was told????D. has told
6.【2019 ?江苏省连云港市】It's reported the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo __________ from 100% recycled material.??
are making????B. have made??
is made????????D. will be made
7.【2019 ?临沂市】Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.??
is created????B. was created????C. creates
8.【2019 ?四川省南充市】—Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class???—Paper __________first __________about 2,000 years ago in China.??
is; invented????B. was; invented??
is; inventing????D. was; inventing
9.【2019 ?湖北省孝感市】—I'm tired of cleaning the house.??—Sweeping robots____more and more widely today. Why not buy one???
are used????B. were used???
are using????D. used
10.【2019 ?重庆市B卷】These machines?_____?in their factory by themselves last year.???
make????B. made? ?C. are made????D. were made
11.【2019 ?重庆市A卷】His car ____ five years ago, but it looks quite new.???
buys????B. bought? ?C. is bought????D. was bought
12.【2019 ?河北】These cakes?_________ with chocolate. Have one, please.???
fill ??? B. filled? ?C. are filled? ?D. were filled
13.【2019 ?北京】My advice on how to save paper?_________ by my class last Monday.???
accepts ????B. accepted? ????
was accepted ??D. is accepted
14.【2019 ?广东省】It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ____ in Guangdong in the future.???
?will be built????B.?build???
?will build????D.?is built
15.【2019 ?河南省】—Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again????—No, it_________?almost?_________,?and then my computer just died on me!???
/; finishes????B./; finished???
is; finished????D. was; finished
16.【2019 ?四川省成都市】Unluckily, Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) ______ this April. We felt so sad for that.???
was burnt????B. is burnt???C. has been burnt
17.【2019 ?四川省自贡市】—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork．Could you help him？???—No problem！I think he _______ to think twice before starting.???
should be told????B．shouldn't be told? ??C．should tell
18.【2019 ?天津】The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge _______ in 2018. We are proud of it.???
is completed????B．is completing???
C．was completed????D．completes
答案
C【解析】考查被动语态：volleyball 和 include 为被动关系，其结构为“be+动词过去分词”，并结合时间in 1964可知发生在过去，故选C。
2.C【解析】句意：村民们希望在雨季到来之前完成这座桥的建设。is completed是一般现在时的被动语态，被完成；was completed一般过去时的被动语态；will be completed一般将来时的被动语态；has been completed现在完成时的被动语态。根据句中before the rainy season comes可知，桥还没有建设完，应用一般将来时。主语the building of the bridge与动词complete构成被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故应选C。
B【解析】句意：在中国，小孩满月是一个特别的事件，并且会用一个特别的派对来庆祝。A.一般现在时；B.一般现在时的被动语态；C.一般过去时的被动语态；D.一般将来时。本句话中，主语为A baby's first month birthday，与谓语celebrate之间为被动be done，排除A和D；且本句话描述的是一个客观事实，用一般现在时，故选B。4.D【解析】句意：——哦，你的房间太脏了，迈克！——对不起，妈妈。昨天没有打扫。我忘了做。A为一般过去时，主动语态；B为一般现在时的被动句；C为一般过去时的被动句；D为一般过去时的被动句。根据yesterday.可知，本题的时态为一般过去时，因此排除B；再根据I forgot to do it. 我忘了做。说明没有打扫房间，因此排除C；句中的主语It是代指上文的your room，your room做主语，应该用被动语态，选项A为主动语态，排除，故选D。
C【解析】句意：Gina昨天去看医生了，她再次被告诉好的生活习惯的重要性。根据told一般过去时态的结构，is told一般现在时态的被动语态，was told一般过去时态的被动语态， has told现在完成时态的结构；根据she和tell之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，排除A/D；根据yesterday可知是过去时态；故选C。
D【解析】句意：据说2020年东京奥运会的奖牌百分之百是由可循环利用的材料制成。A.现在进行时；B.现在完成时；C.一般现在时的被动语态；D.一般将来时的被动语态。主语the medal与谓语make之间为被动be done，排除A和B；且根据the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo可知，用一般将来时的被动语态，故选D。
A【解析】句意：在世界各地，每年都有300万的塑料是被创造，其中大约百分之十都流向了大海。create创造，根据句意，塑料“被”创造，因为是“每年”所以是一般现在时，故是一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。
B【解析】句意：——露西，从这节历史课中你学到了什么？——纸是大约2000年前在中国最早发明的。A. is; invented被发明，一般现在时态被动语态；B. was invented被发明，一般过去时态被动语态；C. is inventing正在发明，现在进行时；D. was inventing正在发明，过去进行时。根据时间状语about 2,000 years ago in China.可知用一般过去时态，排除A、C；主语是Paper可知，这里是动作承受者用被动语态，一般过去时态的被动语态，排除D。根据题意，故选B。
A【解析】句意：——我厌倦了打扫房子。——现在扫地机器人的应用越来越广泛。为什么不买一个呢?考查动词语态辨析。Sweeping robots和动词use（使用）是被动关系，需用“be done”被动结构，可排除CD两项。today（今天，现在）用于一般现在时，根据句意结构和语境，可知B项时态错误，故选A。
D【解析】句意：这些机器是去年他们自己在工厂制造的。A. make一般现在时的主动语态；B. made一般过去时的主动语态；C. are made一般现在时的被动语态；D. were made一般过去时的被动语态。主语与make之间是被动的关系，排除A,B；根据last year判断，句子的时态为一般过去时，故答案为D。
D【解析】由时间状语“five years ago”可推知，此处要用一般过去时，又因为car与buy之间是动宾关系，故要用被动语态。故此题要用一般过去时的被动语态。
C【解析】考查动词的被动语态。蛋糕和装满是被动关系，而be filled with...是被……填满，所以句子翻译为“这个蛋糕注满了巧克力”，故选C。
C【解析】句意：我的关于怎样节省纸的建议上周一被我的班级接受了。accepts接受，第三人称单数形式；accepted过去式；was accepted一般过去时的被动语态；is accepted一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句的主语My advice与动词accept构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故先排除A和B；根据句中的时间状语last Monday可知，应用一般过去时，故选C。
A【解析】在that引导的宾语从句中，主语one Greater Bay Area university与build是逻辑上的动宾关系，故要用被动语态；又因为in the future表示将来，故答案选A。
D【解析】一般过去时的被动语态。句意：——你的读书报告呢？你的狗又把它吃了吗？——没有，它几乎要被完成了，然后我的电脑死机了。主语是动作的承受者，且动作发生在过去。
A【解析】句意：不幸的是，今年四月巴黎圣母院被烧毁。我们为此感到很难过。考查动词时态辨析。A. was burnt 一般过去时的被动语态。B. is burnt一般现在时的被动语态。C. has been burnt现在完成时的被动语态。this April今年四月，用于一般过去时，巴黎圣母院被烧毁，用被动语态，故选A。
A【解析】句意：——汤姆在功课上总是很粗心。你能够帮帮他吗？——没问题。我想应该告诉他在开始前要先三思。首先根据语境判断答语的意思是"没问题。我想应该告诉他在开始前要先三思。"主语 he是动作tell 的承受者，表示"被告知"，确定用被动语态，根据句意用情态动词should，含有情态动词的被动语态的构成是：主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故选：A。
18.C【解析】根据时间状语in 2018可知，应该使用一般过去时，且港珠澳大桥和complete为被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。本题的主语是the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge，第三人称单数，用was，故选：C。
第二组试题
【2019 ?湖北省宜昌市】—It’s reported that 31 of the brave young men???????????????in a big forest fire in Sichuan.??—I don’t know who they are, but I know who they are for.?
were killing????B. were killed?
killed????D. had killed
2.【2019 ?湖南长沙】— Perfect photos! Good skills!??— Thank you. They ______ by my?Huawei?mobile phone. In fact, I am not skillful at all.??
took????B. were taken????C. will be taken
3.【2019 ?湖南省岳阳市】It's reported that Notre﹣Dame de Paris（巴黎圣母院）_____in April 2019．?
was burnt????B．is burnt????C．be burnt
4.【2019 ?四川省眉山市】Paper?? ? ? ? ??first?? ? ? ? ??about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.??
is; inventing????B. is; invented??
has; invented????D. was; invented
5.【2019 ?湖北省咸宁市】— The passenger refused to move after taking another one’s seat!??—What a shame! He?? ? ? according to the new credit system(诚信体系).??
punish????B. punished??
will punish????D. will be punished
6.【2019 ?襄阳市】— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning.??— You know they??? ? ? ? ? ??by the hard-working cleaners every day.??
clean????B. are cleaned??
are cleaning????D. will clean
7.【2019 ?湖南省益阳市】A lot of trees ____________ every spring in Yiyang city.??
plant????B. is planted????C. are planted
8.【2019 ?江苏省南京市】The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it ______18 years ago.???
set up????B．is set up???
was set up????D．will be set up
9.【2019 ?四川省广元市】Many old trees and houses __________ by the terrible rainstorm last night.??
are pulled down????B. were pulled down????? ?
will be pulled down
10.【2019 ?贵阳市】The Meitan Tea Museum, a famous building in Guizhou,?????????in the shape of a giant teapot.???
will be built????B. should be built????C. was built
11.【2019 ?广西河池市】Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets, They?______?last month.???
were planted????B. are planted???
are planting????D. were planting
12.【2019 ?河南省】—Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again????—No, it??????almost???，and then my computer just died on me!??
不填；finishes ?? B. 不填；finished???
is; finished????D. was;?finished
13.【2019 ?吉林省】The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees??????every year.???
plant????B. planted????C. are planted
14.【2019 ?南通市】—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community????—Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self-protection?_____?.??
is offered????B. are offered???
was offered????D. were offered
15.【2019 ?天水市】National Day celebrations for China's seventieth birthday????????????in about three months.???
will be held????B. will hold???
is held????D. was held
16.【2019 ?湖南省湘西州】—Who's the little boy in the photo？???—It's me.?The photo???????????when I was six years old.???
takes????B. took????C. was taken
17.【2019 ?岳阳市】It’s reported that?Notre-Dame de paris?(巴黎圣母院)________ in April 2019.??
was burnt????B. is burnt????C. be burnt
18.【2019 ?镇江市】Have you heard that the 2022 Winter Olympics _________ in Beijing????
held????B. are held???C. were held????D. will be held
19.?【2019 ?甘肃省天水市】National Day celebrations for China's seventieth birthday??????????in about three months．???
will be held????B．will hold???
is held????D．was held
20.【2019 ?广西贵港市】—Do you know the famous artist in red？—Sure．He???????????????to the art festival in our city every year．?
invites????B．invited
?C．is invited????D．was invited
21.【2019 ?广西河池市】Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets．They?_______last month．???
were planted????B．are planted???
are planting????D．were planting
22.【2019 ?广西柳州市】This book _________ by children.???
loves????B. loved ????C. is loved
23.?【2019 ?海南省】—China plans to send another spaceship into space．???—Wow! More and more secrets?__________?soon．???
are going to discover???B．will be discovered???
have discovered
24.【2019 ?湖南省邵阳市】—Waiter! I'd like some Shaoyang rice noodles.???—Sorry, sir. Rice noodles ________ only in the morning.???
serve????B．will serve????C．are served
25.【2019 ?吉林省】The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees??????????every year．???
plant????B．planted????C．are planted
26.【2019 ?辽宁省本溪市】As far as I know, the robot that can sweep the floor ________ in the 1980s．???
is invented????B．invented???
was invented????D．has invented
27.【2019 ?四川省达州市】—Dr．Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s，?he is a great international soldier．???—I know, so he?__________?still?__________?in both China and Canada now．?
has；remembered ?? B．is；remembered??
well；remember ?? D．is；remembering
28.【2019 ?四川省广元市】Many old trees and houses __________ by the terrible rainstorm last night.???
are pulled down ?B. were pulled down ????
will be pulled down
29.【2019 ?四川省遂宁市】Some people think trees ____ on Tree Planting Day only．???
should plant????B．should be planted???
should be plant????D．should be planting
30.【2019 ?云南省昆明市】With the rapid progress in high technology, 5G?????????????around most parts of China in the near future.??
is used ???B.is using ???????
C.?will use ???D.?will be used
答案
B【解析】句意：——据报道，31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁，但我知道他们是为了谁。考查动词语态辨析。31 of the brave young men是复数人称，是动词kill的受动者，需用“be +过去分词”被动语态结构；根据句意结构，可知选B。
2.B【解析】句意：好漂亮的照片！技术真棒！——谢谢。它们是用我的华为手机拍摄的。事实上，我一点也不熟练。A. took一般过去时的主动语态；B. were taken一般过去时的被动语态；C. will be taken一般将来时的被动语态。They代指Perfect photos，与动词take之间是被动的关系，排除A；这些照片已经拍摄完毕，是在过去拍摄的，故用一般过去时态，答案为B。
A【解析】主语 Notre﹣Dame de Paris和谓语"烧毁"是被动关系，再根据句意"据报道巴黎圣母院于2019年4月被烧毁"可知，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/ were done，故选：A。
4.D【解析】句意：在中国大约两千年前，纸最开始被蔡伦发明。本题考查时态语态。A.现在进行时；B.一般现在时的被动语态；C.现在完成时；D.一般过去时的被动语态。主语paper与谓语invent之间为被动be done，排除A和C；且根据two thousand years ago可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
D【解析】句意：——乘客坐了另一个乘客的座位后拒绝调动！?——他的行为太羞耻了！根据新的信用规则，他将受到惩罚。A为动词原形；B为过去式；C为一般将来时；D. 为一般将来时的被动语态。结合语境可知，主语He和punish之间存在着被动关系，因此应该用被动语态；再者，乘客坐了另一个乘客的座位后拒绝调动！该乘客是将要接受惩罚的，因此时态为一般将来时，综合分析可知，本题应该用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
B【解析】句意：——我喜欢早上在干净的街道上散步。——你知道它们每天都被勤奋的清洁工打扫。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. clean打扫，动词原形；B. are cleaned一般现在时的被动语态；C. are cleaning现在进行时态；D. will clean一般将来时态。根据You know they _ ?? by the hard-working cleaners every day.可知本句为主从复合句，从句的主语they和谓语动词clean之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用被动语态；由every day可知句子时态用一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态构成为am/is/are+动词的过去分词，主语是they，be动词用are，clean的过去分词是cleaned；故答案选B。
C【解析】考查被动语态。句意：每年春天，益阳市都会栽种大量的树木。A. plant栽种；B. is planted被栽种，是主语为单数第三人称的被动语态；C. are planted被种植，是主语为复数的被动语态。根据主语a lot of trees大量的树木，是可数名词复数，可知be动词用are，故选C。
C【解析】根据句意"中国国际搜救队自18年前成立以来，为世界各地的灾民带来了帮助和希望"可知，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/ were done，故选：C。
B【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态用法。句意：昨晚，很多老树和旧房子被可怕的暴雨摧毁了。“are pulled down”是一般现在时被动语态；“were pulled down”是一般过去时被动语态；?“will be pulled down”是一般将来时被动语态。根据本句的时间“last night”（昨天晚上）可知用一般过去时被动语态，故选B。
C【解析】句意：湘潭茶馆是贵州省著名的茶馆，它是一个巨大的茶壶形建筑。A. will be built将被建造；一般将来时被动语态；B. should be built应该被建造；含情态动词被动语态；C. was built被建造，一般过去时态，被动语态。根据语境可知这里是一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done的形式。根据题意，故选C。11.A【解析】句意：看路两边的那些花，他们是上个月种植的。were planted一般过去时的被动语态；are planted一般现在时的被动语态；are planting现在进行时；were planting过去进行时。根据句意可知，主语They代指the flowers，和动词plant构成被动关系，应用被动语态，先排除C和D；根据句中的时间状语last month可知，应用一般过去时，故选A。
D【解析】句意：——你的读书报告呢？你的狗又把它吃了吗？?——没有，它几乎要被完成了，然后我的电脑死机了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。A为一般现在时；B为一般过去时；C为一般现在时的被动语态；D为一般过去时的被动语态。主语it，即读书报告是谓语“完成”的承受者，且动作发生在过去，因此用过去式的被动语态。故选D。
C【解析】句意：在我的家乡，环境正在改善因为每年有许多的树被种猪。A.一般现在时；B.一般过去时；C.一般现在时的被动语态。根据every year可知，用一般现在时，排除B；且主语many trees与谓语plant之间为被动be done，故选C。
C【解析】句意：——你觉得昨天在你的社区里的活动怎么样？——好极了。在自我保护方面提供了很多有用的建议。A. is offered被提供，一般现在时态的被动语态；单数；B. are offered ???被提供，一般现在时态的被动语态；复数；C. was offered被提供，一般过去式的被动语态；单数；D. were offered被提供，一般过去式的被动语态；复数；根据上文What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community?可知下文是一般过去时态，主语是A lot of useful advice不可数名词，这里be动词用单数was。根据题意，故选C。
15.A【解析】句意：大约三个月后将举行建国70周年国庆庆典。in about three months表示的将来的时间状语，句子的时态为一般将来时，主语National Day celebrations与hold之间是被动的关系，故答案为A。
16.C【解析】句意：——照片上的小男孩是谁？——是我。这张照片是我六岁时拍的。A为一般现在时；B为一般过去时；C为一般过去时的被动句。The photo与take之间存在着被动关系，而且是六岁时拍的，因此应该用一般过去时的被动句。故选C。
17.A【解析】句意：据报道巴黎圣母院在2019年4月被烧毁了。was burnt被烧毁，一般过去时的被动语态；is burnt一般现在时的被动语态；be burnt动词原形be+过去分词，是被动语态形式。三个选项都可以表示被动，根据句中的时间状语in April 2019可知，这个时间是过去的，表示过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，故应选A。
18.D【解析】句意：你听说了吗，2022年冬季奥运会将在北京举行？held举行，过去式或过去分词；are held一般现在时的被动语态；were held一般过去时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意the 2022 Winter Olympics是还没有发生的事情，并且与动词hold构成被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态，故应选D。
19. A【解析】本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态．所给答案分析：will be held 一般将来时被动语态；will hold 一般将来时；is held 一般现在时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态．根据句中的in about three months可知，属于一般将来时，再根据主语celebrations可知语态为被动语态．所以只有A符合要求，故选A。20.C【解析】根据句意"当然，他每年都被邀请参加我市的艺术节"可知，要用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为am/ is/ are done，主语是三单，用is。故选：C。
21.A【解析】主语they与plant之间是被动关系，根据last month可知用一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +过去分词，故选：A。
22.C【解析】主语this book和动词love是被动关系，再根据句意"这本书深受孩子们的喜爱"可知，一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为am/ is/ are done，主语是the book，用is，故选：C。
23. B【解析】主语More and more secrets和动词discover是被动关系，再结合句意"越来越多的秘密很快就会被发现"可知，要用一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为will be done，故选：B。
24.C【解析】主语Rice noodles与serve是被动关系，根据语境用一般现在时的被动语态，由be（am，is are）+过去分词构成，故选：C。
25.C．本题考查的是被动语态的构成和用法。分析：题干句是一个主从复合句，because 引导的是原因状语从句，从句的主语是many trees，与"栽"之间是被动关系，而且从every year 可知时态是一般现在时，所以空格上应该填一般现在时的被动语态（谓语动词的构成：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词），只有C符合要求，故选：C。26.C【解析】句意：据我所知，能扫地的机器人是20世纪80年代被发明的。一般过去时态的被动态，was/were done，主语是单数，故用was，故选：C。
27.B【解析】主语Dr．Bethune和动词"remember"是被动关系，再根据句意"我知道．所以他现在仍然被中国和加拿大人记得"可知，要用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为am/ is/ are done，其他选项不符合语法，也语意不通。
28.B【解析】根据句意：昨晚可怕的暴风雨使许多老树和老房子倒塌了。可知主语是动作的承受者，结合 last night，可知是一般过去时的被动语态were/was+过去分词，主语是复数，故选：B。
29.B【解析】trees和plant是被动语态，且句中有情态动词should，则此处应用含情态动词的被动语态should be done
30.D【解析】句意"随着高科技的飞速发展，5G在中国大部分地区将在不久的将来投入使用"可知，要用一般将来时的被动语态。
