Unit 8 A green world Grammar 课件31张

(共31张PPT)
下列时态的被动语态结构:

一般现在时:
一般过去时:
一般将来时:
现在完成时:
情态动词:

am/is /are + done
can/may/must/should+ be+done
will/shall/be going to+ be +done
have/has+ been+ done
was/were + done
The Passive Voice

We are facing our final exam.
How much do you know about the passive voice?

Parents encourage us.



主
谓
宾(承受者)

We

are encouraged
by

parents.

宾变主,主变宾,前加by
动变被,看清be, 结构分别be+ done
被动语态
主动语态

（执行者）
被动语态出现的必要性
1.强调动作的承受者。
The earth has been polluted.
2.不知道动作的执行者。
Some laws are made to protect our environment.
3.没必要提出动作的执行者。
We are asked to do something for the environment.
Pollution

water, pollute
The water is seriously polluted.
fish, make, die
Fish were made to die of illness.

pollution, cause, rubbish
rubbish, throw away carelessly
Most pollution is caused by rubbish.
Rubbish is thrown away
carelessly.

animals, die out
natural resource , run out
Animals are dying out.
不用被动语态
Special diseases will break out.
Natural resources will run out.
. 1.My mother often makes me do some housework.
I am often made to do some housework by my mother.
2. I heard him talk about that matter.
He was heard to talk about that matter by me.
No.1 (复合宾语一) 省 to 的动词不定式：
注意：
主动

make sb. do
let sb. do
see sb. do
hear sb. do
watch sb. do
被动

be made to do
be let to do
be seen to do
sb. be heard to do
be watched to do


特殊句型的被动语态
被动语态中补上to


① We saw them playing soccer over there.


② He asked me to buy some sugar.


I was asked to buy some sugar .
No.2 (复合宾语二)
They were seen playing soccer over there.


主动
see sb. doing
hear sb. doing
watch sb. doing
notice sb. doing

tell sb. to do
want sb. to do
ask sb. to do





被动



sb. be seen doing
sb. be heard doing
sb. be watched doing
sb. be noticed doing


sb. be told to do
sb. be wanted to do
sb. be asked to do





特殊句型的被动语态

give sb.sth.
show sb.sth.
make sb.sth.
buy sb. sth.

be given to sb.
be shown to sb.
be made for sb.
be bought for sb.
主动
被动
特殊句型的被动语态
No.3 双宾语　
My mother bought me a new toy.
A new toy was bought for me by my mother.
注意：
如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前加to/for

Eg. We gave our teachers some flowers.
Our teachers were given some flowers.

No.4 动词与介词搭配的短语
look after, speak to, take care of, listen to…

1. Jack takes care of his little cat carefully.
The little cat is taken care of by Jack carefully.
2. We should speak to the old politely.
The old should be spoken to politely by us.
注意：

特殊句型的被动语态
不能遗漏介词


Exercises
1.他宁愿被嘲笑也不愿和其他男孩子争斗。

He would rather be laughed at than fight with other boys.
2. 你知道历史上第一只风筝是什么做的吗？
Do you know__________________________
in history?
what the first kite was made of

3. Anna invited me to her birthday party
last month. (改为被动语态)
I ____ _____ to Anna’s birthday party
last month.
was
中考链接：
invited
一般疑问句：
Were you invited to Anna’s birthday party?
Have a test

1. The girl bought the books.
The books were bought by the girl.
被动语态一般疑问句：
Were the books bought by the girl?
The books were not bought by the girl.
被动语态:
被动语态否定句：
2.Do they often talk about this question?（改为被动）
__ this question often ___________ ___ ___?
Is
talked about
by them
3. Doesn’t Bob clean the street every day?（改为被动）
_______ the street _________ by Bob every day?
Isn’t cleaned

主动形式表被动意义
need /want /require doing = need /want /require to be done
happen, spread,break out, take place, run out, die, remain…
不及物动词或加介词、副词构成的短语
1.Special diseases will break out.
2.The watch needs repairing.
e.g. Go and see what ____________
(happen) outside now.
is happening
e.g. Your hair needs cutting （同义句）
______________________________

Your hair needs to be cut .
不用被动语态的几种情况

系动词
自然属性的动词后面通常有well,easily 等词
look, feel, smell, taste, sound, seem …
3. The fish tastes good.
e.g. Your answer _______(sound) right,
but in fact, it isn’t.
sounds
4.The book sells well.
write, read, wear, wash, sell...
e.g. The pen ______(write) easily.
writes
中考链接：
1. Very little of the house_____now because it caught fire last week.
A remains B has remained
C is remained D remained
A
2. The newly designed iPhone X on the market_____well now. Get one before it _____out in the shop.
A sells, is sold B sells, sells
C is sold, is sold D is sold, sells
A
3.在 过去的十年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes _________________ in China __________________.
have taken place
in the past ten years
中考链接：
4.你的汽车出了故障，需要尽快修理.
Something_____________________
and it needs ____________________
as soon as possible.
is wrong with your car
repairing/ to be repaired
中考链接：
1. Over one-million-ton waste_______the sea in China last year.
A were put into B has put into
C put into D was put into
D
2. A lot of harmful smoke _______ from the factory in the 1990s.
A produced B was produced
C introduced D was caused
B

A lot of food and resources ____________（浪费） in the past.
were wasted

大多数小区都可以回收旧衣服并分给穷人。
Old clothes can be recycled and sent to the poor in most communities.
可以种植更多的树木。
More trees can be planted.
Discussion
What other actions can be taken by us to go green?
reuse water
shorter showers
save power
when shopping
paper...














waste sorting(分类) and recycling，pay more attention to
More attention has been paid to waste sorting and recycling recently.
The four different types of rubbish bins, widely use
The four different types of rubbish bins have been widely used.

更多关于如何保护环境的方法将会进行讨论。
More ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed.
We will make the world a better place.(改为被动)
The world will be made a better place by us.
in the past
at present
recently
in the future
Can you say something about the environment in China?
Make a poster
Make a poster to help more people understand the importance of protecting the environment, including what can be done to go green.
Homework
Complete your posters after class.
Do some relative exercises of the passive voice.
Thank you