八年级英语下册 Unit 8 Have you ever read Treasure Island yet？ 讲解与练习（含答案）

Unit 8 Have you ever read
Treasure Island yet?
教学目标
1. 掌握课本上的重点短语、句型。
2. 学会使用现在完成时
3. 初步了解经典英美文学作品，如《小妇人》、《鲁滨逊漂流记》、《金银岛》、《汤姆?索亚历险记》等；了解西方流行乐队文化以及美国乡村音乐。

知识梳理
重点短语
hurry?up?赶快，急忙(做某事) Put?down放下，写下 arrive?in/at?到达；?
finish?doing?sth.?完成做某事 ? see?sb.?doing?sth.?看见某人做某事；?
lose?one's?life?失去生命，没命 One...the?other...?一个......另一个.....；
?cut?down消减，缩短，砍倒 ?how?long多久 run?towards...?冲向......；?
be?full?of?=?be?filled?with?充满 grow?up?长大，成长；

重点句型
Have?you?read?Little?Woman?yet??你读过《小妇人》这本书吗？?
【解析】现在完成时?????
【重点】&【难点】?
(1) .?现在完成时的用法?

①表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。?
E.g.:?I?have?posted?the?photos.???我已经把这些照片邮寄了。
(邮寄的动作发生在过去，并且已经完成，带来的结果就是这些照片已经不在“我”这里了。)?
②表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在。?
E.g.:?They?have?lived?there?since?1998.?
他们自从1998年以来一直住在这里。(居住的动作从1998年开始，一直持续到现在，且仍有可能持续下去。)?

(2).?现在完成时的构成及其变化构成。?
????Have/has+?动词的过去分词。其中have/has为助动词，没有实在的意义，常可以与前面的名词或代词缩写。?
????Mike?has=Mike’s,?they?have=they’re。构成否定时也可以与其后的not缩写为haven’t 和hasn’t。大多数动词为规则动词，其过去分词与过去式相同。部分动词为不规则动词，其过去分词需要不断积累并加以识记。

结构? ：
1. 肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他
2. 否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他?
3. 一般疑问句：have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?
??? Yes,?主语+have/has.???No?,?主语+have/has+not?
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他

2? ?否定式:??主语?+?助动词have/has?+?not?+?动词的过去分词? ?
下面以work为例，将现在完成时的基本句型及简略答语列表如下：

肯定式 否定式
I/You have worked. He/She/It has worked. We/You/They have worked. 疑问句式及 I/You have not worked. He/She/It has not worked. We/You/They have not work。简略答语
Have I/You worked? Has He/She It worked? Have we/you/they worked? Yes,you/I have. Yes,he/she it has. Yes,you/ we/ they have. No,you/I have not. No,he/she/it has not. No,you/we/they have not.

(4). 现在完成时常用的时间状语：
①副词。如：already(已经), just(刚刚), ever(曾经), never(从未), before(在.....之前) , yet(还，已经)等。
E.g.: I have already finished my homework. I am free. 我已经完成家庭作业，现在我有空。(我已经完成了家庭作业，对现在造成的结果是很有空) I haven’t found the answer to the question yet.我还没有找到问题的答案。

②表示到目前为止的次数。如：once(一次), twice(两次)。

③表示到目前为止的一段时间，表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since+过去的时间点，for +一段时间等时间状语连用。
如：for two years，since1995。
E.g.: I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始，持续到现在还在学) I have known him since we were little boys. 我们从小就认识。

④表示包括目前在内的时间。如：so far(到目前为止)，in the last few years(在过去的几年里)。 E.g.: He hasn’t talked with me in the past three days. 在过去的三天里他没有和我说话。
I haven’t seen him so far. 到现在为止我还没看见他。

How?long?have?they?been?here??他们来这里多久了。?
【解析】have?been?(in)?待在某地?
Have/has?been?in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）?
My?father?has?been?in?Shanghai?for?two?months.?/since?two?months?ago

have/has?gone?to“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，??
? -Where?is?Jim？???吉姆在哪里？???-He?has?gone?to?England．??他去英国了。（尚未回来）
?
have/has?been?to“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three?times等，表示“去过某地几次”，?也可和?just，never，ever等连用。?
My?father?has?been?to?Beijing?twice．我父亲去过北京两次。

(5).?already/?yet的区别：?
already往往用于肯定句，already也可用于疑问句，表示期望得到肯定的回答或表示惊异，此时already常放在句末，表示强调或加强语气；yet用于否定句和疑问句。?
E.g.:?He?has?already?left?here.?他已经离开这里了。?
Have?you?finished?already??你已经完成了？(我以为你没有做完，表示出乎意料。)?????
My?teachers?haven’t?had?breakfast?yet.?我的老师们还没有吃早饭。?????


　特色讲解
?【典型例题】?
??1、（2016?永州）-___you?ever?___to?the?Great?Wall？????????????????
-Yes，Three?times． （??）?
A．Has，been?B．Have，been?C．Have，gone?

2、（2016?宁夏）-Look!Someone?_______?the?classroom．????????????????
-Well，it?wasn't?me．I?didn't?do?it．（??）?
A．is?cleaning?B．was?cleaning?C．has?cleaned?D．will?clean

3、（2016?威海）-Is?that?a?new?coat？?
-No，I_____it?for?a?long?time．（??）??
A．bought?B．have?bought??C．have?had??

4、（2016?福州）-The?boy?misses?his?parents?very?much．
?-So?he?does．They?_____?the?hometown?for?nearly?two?years．（??）?
A. have?left?????????B．will?leave??????C．have?been?away?from?

5、（2016?苏州）-Hobo?and?Eddie?_______?the?cinema?to?watch?the?film?Zootopia．??????????????
-Oh，that's?why?I?can't?find?them?now．
?A．have?gone?to?B．have?been?to?C．has?gone?to?D．has?been?to?

6、（2016?武汉）I?don't?feel?very?well，Jack．I'm?afraid?you______me?your?cold．（??）?
A．give?B．had?given?C．have?given?D．would?give?

7、（2016?北京）It's?nice?to?see?you?again．We??_______??? each?other?since?2014．（??）?
A．won't?see?B．don't?see?C．haven't?seen?D．didn't?see?

8、（2016?张家界）-???_______???? ?you?ever?_______??the?history?museum，Paul？?????????????????
?-No．I?haven't．（??）?
A．Do；visit?B．Did；visit??????C．have；visited?

9、（2016?郴州）Yangjiang，a?famous?female?writer，_____________for?abut?a?month?so?far．
（??）? A．died?????????????????B．has?been?dead?????C．has?been?died?

10、（2016?黔南州）Rick____a?lot?about?Chinese?culture?since?he?came?to?China．（??）?
A．has?learned?B．will?learn?C．learns?????D．learned

当堂练习
一、?单项选择?
1、Both?his?parents?look?sad.?Maybe?they?_______what’s?happened?to?him?.?
Ａ.??knew????Ｂ.??have?known????Ｃ.??must?know??Ｄ.?will?know?
2、He?has??_______?been?to?Shanghai,?has?he??
Ａ.??already?????????Ｂ.?never???????????Ｃ.?ever????????????Ｄ.?still?
3、Have?you?met?Mr.?Li?______？?
Ａ.??just??????Ｂ.?ago????????????Ｃ.before???????Ｄ.a?moment?ago?
4、The?famous?writer?_____?one?new?book?in?the?past?two?year?.?
Ａ.?is??writing?????????Ｂ.was??writing??????Ｃ.wrote?????Ｄ.has?written?
5、—Our?country??______?a?lot?so?far?.?
—Yes.?I?hope?it?will?be?even?____
Ａ.?has??changed?;?well?????????????????Ｂ.??changed;?good?Ｃ.?has??changed?;?better????????????????Ｄ.??changed;?better?6.Zhao?Lan?______already??______in?this?school?for?two?years?.?
Ａ.?was;?studying????????????????????????Ｂ.?will;?study?Ｃ.?has;?studied?????????????????????????Ｄ.?are;?studying?
7、We?______?Xiao?Li?since?she?was?a?little?girl?.?
Ａ.?know???????Ｂ.??had??known???????Ｃ.?have??known??????Ｄ.?knew?
8、Harry?Potter?is?a?very?nice?film.?I_______?it?twice?.?
Ａ.??will??see?????Ｂ.??have??seen????????Ｃ.??saw?????????????Ｄ.see?
9、—These?farmers?have?been?to?the?United?States??
—Really??When?_____?there??
Ａ.?will?they?go????????????????????????Ｂ.??did?they?go?Ｃ.?do?they?go?????????????????Ｄ.??have?they?gone??
10、—______?you?___?your?homework?yet?????????
—Yes.?I?_____?it?a?moment?ago.?
Ａ.??Did;?do;?finished????Ｂ.??Have;?done;?finished?Ｃ.??Have;?done;?have?finished??????Ｄ.??will;?do;?finish

当堂检测
一、用have?/?has?been?to?/?in,?have?gone?to及go的各种形式填空。?
1) ?Where?is?Jack??He?__________?his?country.?
2) ?David?________?the?park?just?now.?
3) ?John?_______?England?since?he?came?back.?
4) ?How?long?_____?they?_____?this?village?
?5)?The?Smiths?______?Beijing?for?years.?
6) ?_____?you?ever?____?America??--?Yes,?I?_____?there?many?times.?
7) ?I?_____?this?school?since?three?years?ago.?
8) ?Where?is?Jim??He?_____?the?farm.?
9) ?When_____?he?_____??He?_______?an?hour?ago.?
10) ?Would?you?like?to?_____??to?the?zoo?with?me??
---Yes,?but?I?_____?there?before.?
11) ?Where?_____?you?_____?now??---?I?____??to?the?zoo.?
12) ?He?often?_____?swimming.?
13)?_____?you?______?there?last?year??
14) ?_____?they?often?______?skating?in?winter?

二. Rewrite the sentences. （改写句子。）
1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)
I _________ _________ been to Macau before.
2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)
______ _______ he come to school?
3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写)
I ____ just ____ a new bike.

4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ____ ____English ____three years
5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句）
6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______have they been here?
7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）
8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.

家庭作业
一、用never,?ever,?already,?just,?yet,?for,?since填空?
1. I?have?_______?seen?him?before,?so?I?have?no?idea?about?him.?
2.Jack?has?_________?finished?his?homework.?
3.?Mr.?Wang?has?taught?in?this?school?________?ten?years.?
4.?“Have?you?________?seen?the?film?”?“No,?I?have?________?seen?it.”?
5.? “Has?the?bus?left?_______?”?“Yes,?it?has?_________?left.”






参考答案
特色讲解
1.B 2. C 3.C 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C 8.C 9. B 10. A
当堂练习
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B
当堂检测
一、
1. has gone to 2. went to 3. has been in 4.have been in 5.has been in
6. Have been to have been 7.have been in 8.has gone to 9.did go went
10. go to have been to 11.will go will go 12.goes 13. Did go 14.Do go
二、
1.have never 2.Why hasn’t 3.have bought 4.have learned for
5.has he 6.How long 7.died been dead 8.been away left

家庭作业
1. never 2. just/already 3.for 4. ever never 5.yet just/already


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