必修4 Unit 4 Body language Section B 动词ing作定语和状语教学课件（共15张PPT）

(共15张PPT)
Unit 4　Body language
Section B Learning about Language


单元语法
动词 -ing 形式作状语
◆要点一　动词 -ing 形式作状语时的形式
（1）动词 -ing 形式的一般式与完成式
一般式（doing）:表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生
完成式（having:done）:表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前
（2）动词 -ing 形式的主动式与被动式
主动式: 和逻辑主语之间是主动关系
被动式:和逻辑主语之间是被动关系
提示：句子的主语就是它的逻辑主语。
动词 -ing 形式作状语时的功能
动词 -ing 形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随等。
题组练·领悟方法
◆同义句转换
（1） When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood.
___________（see） those pictures，she remembered her childhood.
（2） After we have made full preparations，we are ready for the examination
___________ （make）full preparations，we are ready for the examination.
（3） If you go straight down the road，you will find the department store.
___________ （go） straight down the road，you will find the department store.
（4） When you have been given such a good chance，how could you let it slip away?
__________________ （give） such a good chance，how could you let it slip away?
Seeing
Having made
Going
Having been given
◆要点二　动词 - ing 形式作时间状语
作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句，有时可在前面加上 when 或 while。
◆单句语法填空
（1） ［词汇复现］__________（walk） down the street，I came across David.
（2） ［词汇复现］ _____________ （clean）the rooms，we began to clean up our dormitories.
（3） ［词汇复现］While ______________ （approach）the crossroads，you must be careful.
（4） ［词汇复现］ ________________ （finish）his summary，he went out for a walk.
（5） ［词汇复现］ _______________ （spend） nearly all his money，the employee couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
Walking
Having cleaned
approaching
Having finished
Having spent
◆要点三　动词 - ing 形式作原因状语
作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。
◆单句语法填空
（1）__________（be） ill，he couldn’t book the flight.
（2） Pressed from his parents，and __________ （realize）that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
（3） __________ （eat）at the cafeteria before，Tina didn’t want to eat there again.
Being
realizing
Having eaten
◆要点四　动词 - ing 形式作条件状语
作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句。
◆同义句转换
[词汇复现]If you go straight down the road，you will find the canteen.
=________________________________，you will find the canteen.
◆单句语法填空
（1） He got up late and hurried to his office，__________（leave） the breakfast untouched.
（2） ［2016·北京卷］Newly-built wooden cottages line the street，________（turn） the old town into a dreamland.
（3） George returned after the war，_________________（tell）that his wife had left him.
◆单句写作
（4） Group activities were organized after class，________________________________（增强孩子们的团队精神）.
（5） The actor intended to leave quickly，________________________________（却被他的粉丝包围了）.
leaving
turning
only to be told
building up children’s team spirit
only to be surrounded by his fans
Going straight down the road
◆要点七　动词 - ing 形式作方式或伴随状语
（1）说明谓语动词所表示的动作发生的方式、背景或情况。
（2）分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生。
（3）作伴随状语时可以转换成并列成分。
◆单句语法填空
（1） There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland，
__________（stare）at the night sky.
（2） Morris lay on the grass __________ （feel） depressed about this whole situation.
（3） ［词汇复现］The tramp stood by the door， __________ （not dare） to say a word.
（4） Mother drew the curtain for me __________ （block） out the light.
staring
feeling
not daring
blocking
◆要点八　动词 - ing 形式作评论性状语
有些现在分词（短语）用于句首，没有逻辑主语而独立存在，作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，
被称为评论性状语或评注性状语。如：
generally speaking 一般说来 roughly speaking 大致说来
frankly speaking 坦率地说 judging from/by 由……判断
considering... 考虑到…… supposing... 如果……
providing... 如果…… assuming... 假设……
◆单句写作
（1） ［词汇复现］______________________（一般说来），children are naturally curious.
（2） ______________________ （从外表判断），it is very peaceful，but in fact，a war will break out soon.
（3） ［词汇复现］ ______________________ （考虑到预算），we have decided to give up the travel plan.
（4） ______________________ （坦率地说），the resources in the world are very limited. 　
Generally speaking
Judging from the appearance
Considering the budget
Frankly speaking
◆要点九　独立主格结构
现在分词（短语）构成的独立主格结构
（1）分词的逻辑主语（名词 / 代词）+ 现在分词（短语）
逻辑主语是动作的执行者，表示主动含义。这种结构作状语，可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
（2）there + being 结构
这种结构多放在句首，常表示原因，其中being 不可省略。
◆单句语法填空
（1） The decision __________（make），what is to be done now is how to carry it out.
（2） It __________ （be）Sunday，many people go to the gymnasium to do physical exercise.
（3） There __________ （be）no bus，we had to walk home.
（4）［词汇复现］Weather __________ （permit），I will go to buy leather shoes.
（5）［词汇复现］Nobody __________ （feel） content with the advertising budget，it was cut.
made
being
being
permitting
feeling
综合练·提升能力
基础知识自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.［2018·浙江 11 月卷］The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park， __________ （make） one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once...
2.［2018· 全 国 Ⅱ 卷］Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park， __________ （stay） until late to see the parade and the fireworks.
3.［2018·浙江 11 月卷］Rural（农村的）schooling was divided into summer and winter terms，
__________（leave）kids free to help with the farm work in the spring planting and fall harvest seasons.
4.［2017·全国Ⅱ卷］It took three years to complete and was built __________ （use） an interesting method.
5.［2017· 全 国 Ⅲ 卷］Sarah was told that she could be Britain’s new supermodel， __________ （earn） a million dollars in the next year.
6.［2017·浙江卷］Others say it’s only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation，___________（see） it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.
7.［2017·浙江卷］For new reporters，this can seem like a _____________ （challenge） task.

making
staying
leaving
earning
using
seeing
challenging
8.［2017·浙江卷］Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came ___________ （run） from the house.
9.［2017·天津卷］The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment， ___________ （allow） more patients to be treated.
10.［2017·北京卷］The national park has a large collection of wildlife， ___________ （range） from butterflies to elephants.
11.［2015·湖南卷］When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，___________（wonder） whether to stay or leave.
12.［2015·重庆卷］Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way ___________ （use） the sun and the stars.
13.［2015·天津卷］ _______________ （work） for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
14.［2014·湖南卷］There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland， ___________ （stare） at the night sky.

running
allowing
ranging
wondering
using
Having worked
staring
学科素养提升
Ⅱ . 语法填空
主题：人与自我（生活） 体裁：记叙文　　话题：未做完的梅子酱
Mary Smith looked at the beautiful ripe plums（梅子）.They would make lovely jam. When she had finished the 1 　 　（cook），she filled all her empty jam jars 2　　　 　（leave） the rest of the jam in the pan. She would put it in the fridge when it was cooler. But just then the telephone rang. 3　　 　 　（learn） that her mother was in hospital after a car accident，Mary picked up her bag and ran out of the house.
　　Some days later，her husband，John，came home from a business trip. He had been traveling all day and felt like 4　　　　（have） a drink and a piece of cake. 5　 　 　（enter） the kitchen he saw a pan with a dark red mess inside it. He lifted it up and smelled it. It smelled bad. 6　　　　（think）Mary must have forgotten to clean this pan，he poured all the jam into the chicken yard and cleaned the pan. Then 7　　　　（feel） comfortable，he began to eat a piece of cake. 　　
When Mary returned，she noticed the chickens 8　 　　（behave） strangely. They were running round the yard as if they were sick. She saw the dark red mess on the ground and went closer. 9　　　　（see） a plum stone she went into the kitchen. Her husband was at the table 10　　　　（read） a newspaper. Angrily Mary rushed up to him 11　　 　　（shout），“You threw away my jam!” Her husband said，“I’m sorry but I thought it was porridge 12　　 　　（go） bad in the hot weather.”
Having learned
having
Thinking
Entering
feeling
cooking
leaving
behaving
Seeing
reading
shouting
having gone





B
主题：人与社会（人际沟通） 体裁：说明文　　话题：如何问候
　　［2018·广东华侨中学高一周练小测］Ever since humans lived on the earth，they have made use 1　　　 various forms of communication. In general，the major form of expressing thoughts and feelings 2　　　　（be）spoken language. 3　　　　there is a language barrier，communication is completed through body language. Smile is the most universal 4　　　　（face） expression，which
shows happiness and puts people at ease. But sometimes，it is likely to hide other feelings，like
5　　　　（angry）and worry. There 6　　　　（be） different ways to greet someone in different countries. People from Columbia like approaching others and kiss them on 7　　　　cheek. In France，if adults meet people they know，they can kiss each other twice on each cheek. Being polite to others is
8 （object），but we’d better not give a hug to a person with higher rank. Body language is
9　　　 （real） complex，so we should study international customs 10　　　　（avoid） difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads.
of
has been
when
facial
are
the
objective
really
to avoid
anger





The end!