2020年中考英语二轮专题复习学案：代词 （知识点+专题练习）

2020年中考英语二轮专题复习学案：代词

1.含义：用来代替名词，名词短语或句子的词称为代词。
代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词。
（一） 代词表格：
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
人称
单复
主 格
宾 格
形容词性
物主代词
名词性
物主代词
反身代词
第一人称
单 数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复 数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称
单 数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
复 数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三人称
单 数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复 数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
①形容词性物主代词的常见固定搭配：
change one’s mind 改变某人的主意
lose one’s life 某人丧生
lose one’s way 某人迷路
take one’s time 不着急，慢慢来
do/try one’s best 尽某人最大的努力
to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
②反身代词的常见固定搭配：
⑴动词之后
prove oneself 证明自己
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
help oneself (to) 玩得愉快
hurt oneself 伤了某人自己
lose oneself (in) 迷失方向；沉醉于
pull oneself together 使自己镇定自若
teach oneself(=learn by oneself) 自学
⑵介词之后
keep...to oneself 保守......的秘密
by oneself 独自；亲自
come to oneself 苏醒
for oneself 为自己
look after oneself/take care of oneself 照顾自己
say to oneself 自言自语
think to oneself 盘算
（二）指示代词：this, that, these, those;
（三）不定代词：some系列, any系列, no系列, every系列, both, all, many, much, most, each, (a) little, (a) few, other (s), another, none, one, either, neither等；
（四）疑问代词：what, who, whose, whom, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever等。
2.重难点：
（一）代词的基本用法：
主格：作主语，于动词前;
宾格：作宾语，于动介后；
形物代：作定语，后需带名词；
名物代：= 形物代＋名词;
反身代词：一般在动词后，要求同主语人称一致;
指示代词: 单数：this (这，这个) that (那，那个)
复数：these (这些) those (那些)
（二）做题步骤：四步推断法
1. 空后有名词，用形物代
2. 代换名词词组，用名物代
3. 在动词前，用主格
4. 在动词后，与主语人称一致，用反身，不一致用宾格。
（三）普通的不定代词
1.表示数量的词或短语
many
修饰可数n.
much
修饰不可数n.
a lot of/lots of
既可修饰可数n.，也可修饰不可数n.
some
(既可修饰可数n.，也可修饰不可数n.；
(多用在肯定句中；
(表示邀请、请求或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中
any
(既可修饰可数n.，也可修饰不可数n.；
(多用在否定句中、疑问句和条件状语从句中
few
修饰可数n.，表否定意义，意为“不多，很少”
a few
修饰可数n.，表肯定意义，意为“几个；有些”
little
修饰不可数n.，表否定意义，意为“几乎没有”
a little
修饰不可数n.，表肯定意义，意为“少量；一些”
◆习题： She has written a lot of books,but _____ are good ones.
A.any B.some C.few D.many
either,neither,both,all
either
表示“两者中的任何一个”，可以和or搭配
neither
表示“两者都不”，可以和nor 搭配
both
表示“两者都”，可以和and搭配
all
表示“都”，用于三者和三者以上
◆习题：1. There are many trees on _______ sides of the street.
A.either B.neither C.both D.all
2. There are many trees on ______ side of the street.
A.either B.neither C.both D.all
3. nothing,none,no one
nothing
表示“没有东西”，谓语用单数，一般用来回答“what”引起的特殊疑问句
none
表示“没有一个”，即可指人，也可指物，常接表范围的of 短语，适用于三者或三者以上的人或物,一般用来回答“how many”“how much”引起的特殊疑问句
no one
表示“没有一个人”，不与of 连用；一般用来回答“who”
◆习题： ---Can you see anything without glasses?
---_______.
A.no one B.nothing C.none D.nobody
4. other,another,the other,others,the others
不定代词
意义
用法说明
other
另外的
常与复数n.连用；但如果前面有the,some,any,every,no,one,my,your,his等时，则可与单数n.连用
another
另一个
指三者或三者以上中的任何一个,后接单数n.，但若其后有数词或few 修饰时，也可接复数n.
the other
两者中的另一个
常与one 连用，构成“one...the other...”；
作定语修饰复数n. 时，表示“其余的全部”
others
另一些
泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），构成“some...others...”
the others
其余的人或物
特指其余所有的人或物
◆习题： Some people like to stay at home, but ______ like to go to the cinema.
A.another B.other C.others D.the others
5. every,each
every
强调整体；“every+n.”做主语时，谓语动词用单数;适用于三者或三者以上的人或物
each
强调个体；each做主语时，谓语动词用单数;适用于两者或两者以上的人或物,可以和of 连用
◆习题： _______ of the boys has a ball.
A.Both B.Every C. Either D.Each
6. one,that,it
one
泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类不同物
that
代替前面提到的可数n.单数或不可数n,
it
特指上文提到的同一事物
◆习题： ---Mom, I’m hungry. Is there any food at home?
---Only one apple left. You can eat _______ .
A.one B.it C.that D.this
（四）复合不定代词
somebody
（某人）
anybody
（任何人）
nobody
（没有人）
everybody
（每个人）
someone
（某人）
anyone
（任何人）
no one
（没有人）
everyone
（每个人）
something
（某事物）
anything
（任何事物）
nothing
（没有东西）
everything
（每件事）
注意：
当形容词或else（另外的）修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如：
I have something important to tell you.
Can you find anyone else?
◆习题： ---Tom,supper is ready.
---I don’t want to eat _______ ,Mum. I ‘m not feeling well.
everything B.nothing C.something D.anything
基础练习
1. _________ live in Shanghai.
A.We B.Our C.Ours D.Ourselves
2. Let ________ do this exercise myself.
A.him B.her C.us D.me
3. Mary speaks very quickly._________ is difficult to understand what she is saying.
A.That B.She C.It D.There
4. _______ are good friends.
A. You, I and he B. I, you and he C. You, he and I D. I, he and you
5. ---Is this her dress?
---_______.
Yes, it is. B. No, it is. C. Yes, this is. D. No, this isn’t
6. --- Is this ________ magazine?
--- No，it isn't. It's _________.
A.your; her B.hers; mine C.yours; hers D.your; hers
7. He put a finger into_______ mouth and sucked it.
A.his B.he C.him D.his's
8. ---How old is Spotty?
---_______ five.
A. its’ B. It’s C. it D. its
9. I met an old friend of ________ on _______ way home.
A.mine; my B.my; the C.mine; a D.mine; the
10. Is this room_________?
A.his B.her C.your D.our
11. ---Who is singing in the next room?
--- ______ must be Maria.
A.It B.She C.This D.There
12. _______ office is much smaller than _________.
A.Ours; yours B.Our; yours C.Theirs; our D.Your; their
13. --- Is this _______ watch?
--- No, it's not ________. It's Jim's.
A.your; myself B.your; my C.yours; mine D.your; mine
14. ---Would you like this skirt, Madam?
--- Mm! Very nice! I'll take ________.
A.this B.it C.them D.those
15. --- Which is more expensive, your computer or __________?
--- I think _________ is.
A.his; he B.her; mine C.hers; she D.his; mine
16. There are lots of rivers in China, and the longest of ________ is the Changjiang River.
A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
17. An old friend of my sister's always helps my brother and ______ with _______ English.
A.I; our B.me; ourselves C. I; my D.me; our
18. We are sure that our football players will do _______ best.
A.their B.they C.them D.themselves
19. I think you can do the job __________.
A.yourself B.myself C.himself D.your
20. --- She is too busy to help us finish the work.
--- Let's do it _______.
A.herself B.myself C.ourselves D.itself
21. The school was built by the villagers ________.
A.us B.ourselves C.them D.themselves
22. "Help ________ to some meat, Mary," my aunt said to me.
A.themselves B.ourselves C.yourself D.himself
23. --- Did she go to school when she was young?
---No, she taught _________ at home.
A.her B.herself C.hers D.she
24. The boys and the girls seemed to enjoy _______ in the park.
A.themselves B.them C.they D.their
25. My shoes are cheap. But his _____ expensive.
is B. are C. be D. am
He found ________ very interesting to ride a horse.
A.this B.that C.it D.which
27. ________ is your father, a worker or a teacher?
A.How B.Which C.What D.Who
28. ________ bus will take me to the People's Hospital?
A.What B.How C.Which D.When
29. ---_____ bag is this?
---It's Jack's.
What B. Which C. Whose D. Who's
---Walt, we have few vegetables for dinner. Could you go and buy _____?
---Yes,sure. But I don’t have ______ money.
A.any,any B.some,any C.any,some D.some,some
31. The?bottle?is?empty.?There?is?_______?in?it.??
A. anything? B. something? C. nothing? D. everything
32. ---Look!?We?have?______?sugar.???---Really??Let's?go?and?buy?some.?
A. few? B. a?few? C. little? D. a?little?
33. The?weather?in?Shanghai?is?different?from?________.??
? A. Baotou? B. Baotou?weather?
C. that?in?Baotou? D. those?of?Baotou?
34. All?of?us?were?invited,?but?________?of?us?came??
A. neither? B. none? C. both? D. no
35. He?can't?hear?you,?because?there?is?________?noise?here??
A.very?much? B. too?much?
C. much?too? D. so?many?
36. There are shops on _____ side of the street.____ of them do not close till 12 at night.
both; All B. every; None C. either; Some D. other; Many
---I have forgotten my bread.
---Never mind, you can have____.
some of us B. some of our C. some of ours D. many of ours
of the four roads will take you to the hospital.
Neither B. Either C. Both D. Any
Would you lend me of your money?
some B. lot C. a few D. any
Listen to me. I have____ to tell you.
anything new B. something new
C. new something D. nothing new
41. There are forty-four students in Class One. Nineteen of them are boys, ___ are girls.
the other B. the others C. others D. some others
Mr. Smith has two sons. ____ is a soldier, ___ is a doctor.
One; another B. One; other
C. This; the other D. One; the other
43. ---Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?
---____, thanks. I think I'll just have a glass of water.
None B. Neither C. Both D. Either
The film isn't interesting. ___ people like it.
Few B. A little C. A few D. Little
Hurry up! There is____ time left.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
46. ---Are these two books interesting?
---Yes, ____ of them are interesting.
both B. all C. either D. neither
47. I bought two pens.One is black,and _____ is red.
A.other B.others C.another D.the other
48. ---Is this your shoe?
---Yes,it is. But where is ________ ?
A.the others B.other one C.another one D.the other one
49. There are so many kinds of computers in the shop. I really don’t know ______ to choose.
A.what B.which C.how D.where
50. ---Do you know ______ the girl in red is?
---I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.
when B.how C.where D.what
拔高练习
1. Jim’s watch is much newer than ________.
A.hers B.she C.her D.herself
2. Last month we went to travel with some friends of _________.
A.us B.ours C.our D.ourselves
3. Boys, don't touch the machine, or you may hurt________.
A.myself B.yourself C.yourselves D.themselves
4. ---Who taught ______ Art this term?
--- Was _____ Miss White?
A. you,it B.you,she C.your,it D.your,that
5. Whenever Mary reads an interesting story, she can’t keep it to ______ and wants to share it with her friends.
A. she B.her C.hers D.herself
6. Would you like ______ for supper?
A.something Chinese B.Chinese something
C.anything Chinese D.Chinese anything
7. ---How many bananas do you have in your basket?
---_______.
A.Neither B.No one C.Nothing D.None
8. ---What would you like,Coke or tea?
---_____.I prefer coffee.
A.Neither B.Both C.Either D.None
9. ---Which of the two T-shirts will you take?
---I’ll take_____,one for my brother,the other for myself.
A.either B.neither C.all D.both
10. We can’t do it that way,but whether it will work is ____matter.
A.other B.another C.each D.every
11. I always believe that _____ is difficult if we try our best to do it.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
12. The old man is so lonely that he hopes to know about_____ every day.
A.special something B.special anything
C.something special D.anything special
13. The letter from my uncle was short.There wasn’t _____news.
A.many B.a few C.much D.few
14. There are enough cups for each visitor to have _____.
A.one B.it C.this D.that
15. ---I can’t find my favourite magazine.Have you seen ____?
---Jack went away with ____ just now,but I’m not sure whether it’s yours.
A.one;one B.it;one C.it;it D.one;it
16. We find _____ impossible for us to learn a foreign language well in a short time.
A.that B.it C.one D.this
17. I don’t think we’ve met before. You ‘re taking me for _______.
A. some other B.someone else C.other person D.else someone
18. ---I need something for cutting the paper.
---Oh, you want a knife? OK. I’ll get _____ for you.
A.it B.one C.this D.that
19. ---Be careful! Don't break the bottles. Do you hear _______ I said, David?
---Yes, mum.
A.what B.that C.why D.if
20. _________ is the population of France?
A.Which B.How much C.What D.How many


答案：
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拔高训练：ABCCD ADADA DCCAB BBBAC