人教新课标高中英语必修4Unit 1 Women of achievement Section B Learning about Language教学课件（共26张PPT）

(共26张PPT)
Unit 1 Women of achievement
Section B Learning about Language
题组练·领悟方法
词汇一　argument n.（1）［C，U］争吵；争论；争辩（2）［C］理由；论据；论点
◆要点必记
have an argument with sb. about/over sth.为某事与某人争吵
get into an argument 争吵起来
win/lose an argument 争论赢了/ 输了
a fierce/heated argument 激烈的争论
an argument for/against 支持/ 反对……的理由
a powerful argument against smoking 反对吸烟的有力论据
beyond argument 无可争辩
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］I don’t want to have _______ argument with you about the topic.
（2） His _________ （argue） was that public spending must be reduced.
◆单句写作
（3）［词汇复现］My father is always in support of my brother when we _______ _______ _______ 　（争吵）.
（4）［词汇复现］Yesterday I ______ ______ ______ ______ （与……争吵起来）the specialist about his theory.
an
argument　
have an argument
got into an argument with
词汇二　look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起
◆教材原句
Many people look down upon poor people.许多人瞧不起穷人。
◆要点必记
look back on 回顾，回忆 look ahead 向前看，展望未来
look forward to 期待，盼望 look into 调查，审查
look out 小心，当心 look through 浏览
look out for 当心，留心，防备 look up 向上看；查阅
look up to 尊敬，钦佩 look on... as... 把……看作/ 视为……
◆单句语法填空
（1） Don’t look down _______ a person only because he has failed an examination.
（2）［词汇复现］Everyone，regardless of age，sex or educational background，looks forward _______ leading a happy life.
（3）［词汇复现］It is reported that the police are looking _______ the connection between the two suspects and the case.
（4） I often look _______ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
◆单句写作
（5）［词汇复现］We shouldn’t _______ _______ _______ （瞧不起）the people in rags.
upon/on
to
into
up
look down upon/on
词汇三　refer to（1）指的是，涉及（2）提到，谈到　（3）查阅，参考
◆教材原句　
If the word group refers to different members，use a plural verb. 如果 group 这个单词指不同的成员，用动词的复数形式。
◆要点必记
refer to... as... 称……为……
refer to/turn to/consult the dictionary 查词典
look up... in the dictionary 在词典中查阅……
◆一言辨异
Have you found the book? But my partner referred to the book that you had referred to. That is, he mentioned the book which you had consulted.
你找到那本书了吗？但我的搭档提及你曾经参考过的那本书。也就是说，他提到了你查阅过的那本书。
◆写出 refer to 在句中的含义
（1）［词汇复现］“The True North”refers to a train that crosses the whole continent. 　
___________ 　　　
（2）［词汇复现］Now that the boy has been punished，please don’t refer to that matter again.
____________ 　　　　
（3） The teacher asked us not to refer to our books or dictionaries when we were in the exam. 　
____________ 　　　
◆单句写作
（4） He likes to _____ _____ _____ _____ （被称为）“Doctor Khee”.
指的是
提到
查阅，参考
be referred to as
主谓一致
主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。主谓一致主要有三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致：主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
2. 意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题。有时主语在形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，谓语动词便用复数形式；反之，主语在形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，谓语动词也用单数。
3. 就近一致原则是指谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。

要点一　语法一致原则
不可数名词/ 可数名词单数+ 单数谓语； 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语。

2 单个的不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
◆误区警示 ：当what 引导的主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语动词用复数。

3. 主语后跟with/together with/along with/like/in addition to/as well as/including/ rather than /besides/
except/but 等连接的词语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。

4. each，either，neither 及some-，any-，no-，every- + 单数谓语。
each... and（each）...，every... and（every）...，no... and（no）... + 单数谓语。
5. many a/more than one +可数名词单数 +单数谓语。

6. one of + 可数名词复数+ 单数谓语。
◆误区警示 ： ·one of + 可数名词复数+ 定语从句（复数谓语）
·the only/very one of+ 可数名词复数 +定语从句（单数谓语）

7. trousers，pants，shoes，glasses，scissors等+ 复数谓语。
◆误区警示 ：当类名词前有pair 修饰时，要根据pair 的单复数来确定谓语的单复数。
◆单句语法填空
1.［词汇复现］Jim and Mary _______（be）specialists in cancer research.
2. （1）［词汇复现］Staring at someone _______ （be） impolite.
（2） What he said _______（be） true and what we badly need _______ （be）good teachers.
（ 3）［词汇复现］Referring to the dictionary _______ a good habit in English learning.
3. （1） Steve，together with his wife， __________ （move） off tonight.
（2） The teacher as well as the students _______ （like） this painting.
4. （1）［词汇复现］Believe it or not，everyone here _______ （have） a gift for music.
（2） Each teacher and（each）student _________ （give） a ticket yesterday.
（3） No teacher and no student __________ （listen）to the lecture now.
is
is listening
likes
are
is
is
is moving
are
has
was given
5. （1）［词汇复现］Many a student ______（be） on the spot when the accident happened.
（2） More than one person ______ （be） against the proposal.
6. One and a half days ______ （be）all I can spare.
7. （1）［词汇复现］One of the students in our class ______ （be）Canadian.
（2） He is one of the students who ______ （be） fond of country music.
（3）［词汇复现］He is the only one of the students who _____ （have）a gift for performance.
（4） Tom is the only one of the students in our class who ______ （have）blue eyes.
8. （1） Her glasses bought in the supermarket ______ （be） new.
（2） This pair of scissors ______ （belong）to the tailor.
was
is
is
is
are
has
has
are
belongs
要点二　意义一致原则
1. 集体名词（表整体概念）+ 单数谓语；
集体名词（强调个体）+ 复数谓语。常用的集体名词有army，audience，class，club，committee（委员会），company，crowd，family，group，government，organization，party，population，public，team 等。
◆误区警示 　
·有生命的集体名词（people，police，cattle 等） + 复数谓语。
·无生命的集体名词clothing，equipment，
furniture，jewellery，machinery，scenery 等+单数谓语。

2. 由 and 或 both... and 连接的两个名词或代词后跟复数谓语。
◆误区警示 　
当and 连接的两个名词在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。这时and 后的名词前不加冠词。
3 “. all/most/half/plenty/some/the rest + of +名词/ 代词”或“分数/ 百分数+ of + 名词/ 代词”作 主语时，谓语动词常与of 后的名词或代词保持数的一致。
◆误区警示
当all，most，half，plenty，some，the rest 等单独作主语时，主谓一致要遵循意义一致原则，即根据所表示的单复数意义，谓语动词用单数或复数。

4. a number of + 可数名词复数 + 复数谓语；the number of + 可数名词复数+ 单数谓语。
a large quantity of/large quantities of 后跟不可数名词或可数名词复数，谓语动词与quantity 的数保持一致。

5. none（指代可数名词） + 单数/ 复数谓语；none（指代不可数名词）+ 单数谓语。
6. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词+ 单数谓语。

7. 以 -s 结尾的书刊名、组织名、国家名以及以 -ics 结尾的学科名+ 单数谓语。
◆误区警示
以-s 结尾的群岛、瀑布、山脉等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。

8. 单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据意义确定。常见的这类词有sheep，deer，fish，crossroads，means，series，species，works（工厂）等。

9. “the + 形容词/ 分词”表示一类人时，后跟复数谓语；表示抽象概念时，后跟单数谓语。
◆单句语法填空
1. （1） The class __________（study）English now.
（2） My family _________ （be） all music lovers.
（3） The police _________ （look） into the accident.
（4）Warm clothing _______ （be）necessary in cold climates.
（5） All the furniture _____________ （move） to another room.
2. （1） Bread and butter _______ （be） what we usually have for breakfast.
（2）［词汇复现］Both Mark and his parents ___________ （sit） in the shade of a tree at that
time.
（3） The singer and dancer __________ （welcome）warmly by the local people.
（4）Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture，but when and where
________________ （not decide）yet .
are studying
are
are looking
is
has been moved
is
were sitting
is welcomed
hasn’t been decided
3. （1） The rest of the money ______________________（被锁在保险箱里）.
（2） Fifty percent of the students _____________________（通过了这次考试）.
（3） All who were present _______________ （都沉默着）.
4. （1）［词汇复现］A number of reasons _______（lead） to the change of climate.
（2） The number of people invited _______ （be） fifty，but a number of them _______ （be）
absent for different reasons.
（3） Large quantities of information，as well as some timely help _______________ （offer）
since the organization was built.
5. （1） None of the money in the drawer _______ （be） mine.
（2） None of the boys __________________ （invite） to the party.
is locked in the safe
have passed the exam
were silent
lead
was
were
have been offered
is
was/were invited
6. （1） Twenty years _______（be） a long time.
（2） Twenty-five dollars _______ （be）too little to pay for that shirt.
7. （1） The United Nations ________________________（是一个世界性组织）.
（2） The Niagara Falls _______________________________（是最著名的瀑布之一） in the
world.
8. （1） Every possible means _______________ （try）.
（2） All possible means _________________ （try）.
9. （1） The rich __________ （赞成） the decision but the poor ___________ （反对） it.
（2） Everyone agrees the beautiful ____________________（并不总是有用的）.
are one of the most famous waterfalls
is
is
is a world organization
has been tried
have been tried
are for
are against
is not always useful
要点三　就近一致原则
由or，either...or...，nor，neither...nor...，whether...or...，not...but...，not only...but also... 等连接的名词作主语时，谓语动词的数与最近的主语保持一致。

2. there be 句型中，be 动词的单复数与最靠近它的名词保持一致。
◆单句语法填空
1.（1） Neither the students nor the teacher ______（know） the reason why she behaved
strangely.
（2） Not only I but also he ______ （look）down upon those who always rely on others.
（3） Not you but your father ______ （be） to blame.
2. （1） There ______ a pen，two pencils and three books on the desk.
（2） There ______ six boys and one girl on the playground.
knows
looks
is
is
are
综合练·提升能力
完成“综合练·提升能力”中的题目
Ⅰ 单句语法填空
1.［2018· 全国Ⅰ 卷］Over the years，there ________（be） a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.
2.［2019·浙江卷］In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees ________ （fall） by more than 55 percent.
3.［2019· 浙江卷］What’s particularly interesting ________ （be） the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause.
4.［2019· 北京卷］At the class meeting，our teacher told us about the programme with the theme“Working ________ （be） most beautiful”.
5.［2017·天津卷］Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming， ________ （regard）as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
6.［2017·江苏卷］The publication of Great Expectations，which ________ both widely reviewed and highly
praised，strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
have been
has fallen
is
is
is regarded
was
7.［2017·全国Ⅰ卷］When fat and salt ___________（remove）from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.
8.［2017·全国Ⅱ卷］Steam engines ___________ （use）to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.
9.［2018·浙江11 月卷］They know the shortest way possible without even looking at a map，because everyone who 　　　　 ___________ （want） to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi.
10.［2013·福建卷］The famous musician，as well as his students， ___________ （invite） to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
11.［2013·湖南卷］The university estimates that living expenses for international students ___________ （be）around ＄8，450 a year，which ___________ （be） a burden for some of them.
12.［2014·湖南卷］All we need ___________ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees
throughout the growing seasons of the year.
13.［2015·湖南卷］It is important to remember that success ___________ （be） a sum of small efforts made each day and often ___________ （take） years to achieve.
are removed
were used
wants
was invited
are
is
is
is
takes
Ⅱ 语法填空
A 主题：人与社会（社会与文化）体裁：说明文　　话题：校图书楼功能室
Our school library，along with many other buildings，is very different from other schools’. There 1________（be） two computer rooms，three art rooms，a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books 2 ________ （be）large，and maybe there are 100，000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 500，000 dollars. Maybe 500，000 dollars 3 ________ （be）large to every student. In the era of knowledge explosion，the number of the students who 4 ________ （have）a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays，our library has been developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student 5 ________ （like）to surf the Internet at weekends here and now you can see that my classmates，Mike and John 6 ________ （play） computer games there. When you turn to another room，you will find that a professor and writer 7 __________ （deliver） a speech. Each boy and each girl 8 ________ （focus） on his interesting speech. Every time there is a wonderful speech，the audience always 9 ___________ （cheer） up. You are entering our art exhibition now. A teacher with his students is at the room. On the wall 10 ________ （be）100 pictures，which attract many students. An expert and teacher is explaining something important to the students.
are
is
is
have
likes
are playing
is delivering
is focusing
cheer/cheers
are
B 主题：人与社会（社会与文化） 体裁：记叙文　　话题：名字的由来
I came across an interesting story when I visited my cousin in Henan Province，China. My cousin grew up with a girl 1________（call） Li Shichun next door. The “chun” part of Li Shichun stands for spring. That is when she was born. But that is not all. She is also named 2 ________ a Sui Dynasty engineer，Li Chun. Her father considered him 3 ________ （admire） because he built bridges people can really rely on. But her mother wouldn’t like her daughter 4　　　　 ________ （have） that name because she thought that sounded much like a boy’s name. She was worried that her daughter would have to put up with too much teasing with 5 ________ boy’s name. So they figured out a way to change it. They 6 ________ （add）“Shi”from her grandmother’s name. Well，that was lucky because she looked like her grandmother anyway，and she was proud to be given that name. She studied hard at her lessons and got
good grades in all her subjects. Li Shichun 7 ________ （final） went to university 8 ________ she studied medicine.
However，she felt that she didn’t like it so she changed her major. She，together with her classmates，9 ________ （be）determined to become an engineer and contribute to the society! Later，she became famous when she invented a new way of holding up suspension 10 ________ （bridge）during the building process.
called
after
admirable
to have
a
added
finally
where
was
bridges
The end!