2020年中考英语考点专练十三 定语从句（解析版 共22页）

2020年中考英语考点专练十三 定语从句（解析版）
一、教材重点回顾：
定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。
定语从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
???The?woman?who（lives?next?door?is?a?teacher.?）?? 先行词? 连接词 定语从句?
二.引导定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that , which , who(宾格whom ,所有格whose )等,关系副词包括where , when,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三.定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系, 定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去，意思仍完整。
四.关系代词的用法
1. that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。( that作主语)
The coat ( that) I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。( that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。( 作主语)
The film ( which ) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。( 作宾语)
3.who，whom用于指人, who用作主语, whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。
who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。( 作主语)
Who is the teacher ( whom) Li Ming is talking to ?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁? (作宾语)
【注意】( 1 )当定语从句中含有介词介词放在句末时,who ,whom , that，which 可省略，但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+ which/whom"结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
( 2 )含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置.上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
( 3 ) that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。
例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away. 她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰, 或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that ,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any，much，many , everything，anything ,none,the one等不定代词指物时,只能用that，而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop ?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被the only，the very，the same , the last， little , few等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that ,而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句为避免重复, 只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying ? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是there be结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which,例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that的情况:
a.先行词为that，those时,用which，而不用that.例如:
What' s that which is under the desk ? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,which ,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指事物时,用which，而不用that,例如:
Tom came back，which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五.关系副词的用法
1. when指时间,其先行词表示时间, when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
2. where指地点,其先行词表示地点, where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。
3. why指原因，其先行词是原因, why在定语从句中做原因状语。
例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
二、中考考点梳理
关系代词引导的定语从句?（一）关系代词who,?whom和?whose的用法?。who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如：? I?will?never?forget?the?teacher?who?taught?us?chemistry?in?the?first?year?of?my?senior?middle?school.?
我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。?whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：?This?is?the?student?whom?my?father?taught?ten?years?ago.?这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。?The?girl?who?I?saw?is?called?Mary.?我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略）?whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：?The?girl?student?whose?father?is?a?senior?engineer?used?to?study?abroad.?
其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。?Do?you?know?the?name?of?the?hotel?whose?window?we?can?see?here??我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of?which。whose?window=the?window?of?which，意思 是：the?window?of?the?hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法?which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如：?I?do?not?like?stories?which?have?unhappy?endings.?我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that）?Tom?works?for?a?factory?which?makes?watches.?汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that）?（三）关系代词that的用法?that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如：?Is?she?the?girl?that?sells?newspapers??她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who）?Where?is?the?ice-cream?that?was?in?the?fridge??放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了？（that可以换成which）? 关系副词引导的定语从句?常用的关系副词只有三个：when,?where,?why，在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。它们的用法大家不妨记住一个口诀：?the?time?when?，the?place?where?，the?reason?why?（一）关系副词when的用法?关系副词when代替的先行词表示的是时间，when在定语从句作时间状语。例如：?In?Beijing?July?and?August?are?the?months?when?it?rains?very?often.?北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when先行词是months）?Do?you?remember?the?day?when?we?first?went?to?the?Summer?Palace??你还记得我们第一次去颐和园的那一天吗？（when先行词是day，?当代英语里when可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示时间的关系副词）?I?haven’t?seen?her?since?the?year?when?I?left?Tokyo.?自从我离开东京的那一年我就一直没见到过她。（when先行词是year，同样when可以用that代替）?（二）关系副词where的用法?关系副词where代替的先行词表示的是地点，where在定语从句作地点状语。例如：?During?the?Spring?Festival?I?went?back?to?the?town?where?I?was?brought?up.?春节期间，我回到了生我养我的家乡。（where的先行词是town）?This?is?the?place?where?Li?Bai?once?lived.? 这是李白曾经生活过的地方。（where先行词是place）?上面这个句子不可以将where改为that，因为that不能作为表示地点的关系副词。试比较下句：?This?is?the?place?that?Li?Bai?once?visited.?这是李白曾经游览过的地方。（that的先行词同样是place，但这个that是关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，还可以用which替换）? （三）关系副词why的用法?关系副词why代替的先行词表示的是原因，why在定语从句作原因状语。例如：?The?reason?why?I?am?phoning?you?is?to?ask?you?whether?you?have?got?my?email.?我打电话给你的原因是想问问你是否收到了我的电子邮件。（why先行词是reason，?当代英语里why可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示原因的关系副词，还可以将why省略）?This?is?the?reason?why?he?came?late?to?school.?这就是他为什么上学迟到的原因。（why先行词是reason，why可以用that替代，还可以省略）?注意：如果上面的句子将the?reason省略，那么这个句子就变成了（This?is?why?he?came?late?to?school.?）表语从句，句子意思丝毫未变。? 特殊关系代词as引导的定语从句?as是个比较特殊的关系代词，一是用在某些句型搭配里，二是独立于主句之外。下面分别讲解。?（一）在固定搭配as…as,?so…as,?such…as,?the?same…as中，as引导定语从句?.You?may?take?as?many?books?as?you?want.?你想要拿多少书就拿多少。（第一个as是副词，修饰many的；第二个as才是关系代词，代替先行词books，在定语从句中作宾语）?I?have?got?such?a?computer?as?yours.?我有一台你这样的电脑。（as是关系代词，代替先行词computer，在定语从句中作表语，因为yours后省略了is?）?I?have?never?seen?so?beautiful?a?place?as?Guilin.?我从未见过像桂林那样美丽的地方。（as是关系代词，代替先行词place，在定语从句中作表语，因为Guilin后省略了is?）? （二）独立于主句之外，as引导定语从句?As?we?know,?the?earth?turns?around?the?sun.?正如我们所知，地球围绕太阳旋转。?As?is?known?to?us,?（As?we?know和?As?is?known?to?us均为定语从句，as分别作宾语和主语，替代后面的主句。）?Taiwan?is,?as?you?know,?is?an?inseparable?part?of?China.?你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。（关系代词as指代整个主句，在定语从句中作宾语。）?
关系代词who,?which与that的区别?
（一）关系代词who与that的区别?
1.?当关系代词用作主语时，多用主格who。例如：?
He?who?loses?hope?loses?all.?失去希望的人就失去一切。
（先行词为代词he,?they,?any,?all,?one等时，多用who）?
I?met?Alice,?who?told?me?that?she?was?learning?Chinese.?
我遇见艾丽斯，她告诉我她在学汉语。（在非限制性定语从句中，用who）?
2.?当关系代词用作介词后的宾语时，用宾格whom，不用that。例如：?
The?man?to?whom?our?headmaster?talked?just?now?is?our?English?teacher.?
我们校长刚才与他谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师。（介词与关系代词紧密相连时，只能用宾格whom，不可用主格who）?
【注意】介词与关系代词不是紧密相连时，或者说介词放在句子后面时，这时可以用主格who，也可用that，还可以省略关系代词。因此，上面的这句话还可以有如下四种说法：?
(1)?The?man?whom?our?headmaster?talked?to?just?now?is?our?English?teacher.?
(2)?The?man?who?our?headmaster?talked?to?just?now?is?our?English?teacher.?
(3)?The?man?that?our?headmaster?talked?to?just?now?is?our?English?teacher.?
(4)?The?man?our?headmaster?talked?to?just?now?is?our?English?teacher.?
第4句简洁、自然，所以口语中用得最多。?
3.?当关系代词泛指人时，多用that。例如：?
He?is?a?man?that?is?never?afraid?of?failure.?他是个从不怕失败的人。（that用来泛指人）?
4.?当关系代词出现在who开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如：?
Who?is?the?girl?that?is?talking?to?Tom?in?English??
用英语同汤姆交谈的那个女孩是谁？（避免重复使用who，以免造成误解或语义含混不清）?
（二）关系代词which与that的区别?
1.?当先行词为all,?much,?little以及不定代词anything,?something,?everything等时，关系代词多用that。例如：?
All?that?glitters?is?not?gold.? 闪闪发光物，未必尽黄金。?
She?told?me?everything?that?she?knew.? 她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。?
2.?当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the?only,?the?very,?all,?every,?any,?no等时，关系代词一般都用that。例如：?
This?is?the?best?novel?that?I?have?ever?read.? 这是我读过的最好的一部小说。?
He?is?the?only?person?that?has?been?invited?to?the?ball.? 他是惟一应邀参加舞会的人。?
3.?当关系代词出现在which开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如：?
Which?was?the?hotel?that?was?recommended?to?the?foreign?guest??哪一个是推荐给外宾的宾馆？（这里使用that很明显是为了避免重复which）?
4.?在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词一般只用which。例如：?
Beijing,?which?is?the?capital?of?the?People’s?Republic?of?China,?will?host?the?2008?Olympic?Games.?
北京是中华人民共和国的首都，将主办2008年奥运会。?
5.?介词后的关系代词用which，而不用that。例如：?
She?has?collected?600?stamps,?60%?of?which?are?German?stamps.?
她收集了600张邮票，其中60％是德国邮票。?
定语从句的位置?
???如前所述，定语从句一般总是直接置于所修饰的名词或代词之后。有时候，定语从句与先行词之间插入了其他的短语，这样它们被分隔了，这种情况下的定语从句被称作隔离定语从句。例如：?
There?was?a?girl?upstairs?who?was?shouting?and?crying,?obviously?mad.?
楼上有一个女孩，大喊大叫。很明显，她疯了。（定语从句who?was?shouting?and?crying修饰the?girl，被upstairs所隔开）?
A?new?master?will?come?tomorrow?who?will?teach?you?German.?
明天要来一位新老师教你们德语了。（定语从句置于句末以示强调）。
典例分类
1.(2019湖南岳阳)I’ll never forget the story ______.
A. that cheers me up B. who cheers me up C. what cheers me up
(2019云南曲靖) We will never forget the firemen ________ lost their lives in the forest fire in April 2019 at Liangshan, Sichuan.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
3.(2019广西玉林) —Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?
—You mean, the new police story was filmed by Chen Musheng?
A. who B. what C. whose D. which
4.(2019广西梧州). —Do you like National Treasure, the weekly TV show on CCTV?
—Sure, It’s a great culture TV show_______has been very popular in China.
A. who B. whom C.which D. what
5.(2019黑龙江大庆). The book ______ I read last night was fantastic.
A. that B. what C. whose D. who
(2019吉林).Mr.Brown is a teacher _____is strict with all his students.
A. which B. who C. where
(2019辽宁盘锦)A landmark (里程碑) in the history of science was made by a photo _______ was taken on April 10th about the black hole in a faraway galaxy(星系).
A. who B. which C. what D. when
(2019贵州贵阳) Wang Yangming is a great educationalist _____ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.
A. which B. what C. who
(2019甘肃天水)—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth《流浪地球》？
—Yes.it’s the best one ______ I have ever seen.
A.that B.which C.what D.it
(2019 湖南株洲)We have decided to sell five things _______ we no longer use.
that B. where C. who
(2019 四川达州)—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _____ waiting in line?
—They are the students from No1 Primary School.
A.that are B. where are C. which is D. who is
12.(2019四川遂宁)My mother doesn’t like stories ________ have sad endings.
A. that B. who C. where D. those
(2019四川宜宾) —Have you heard of the Huawei Company?
—Sure, it’s one of the ______ companies _____ make us Chinese proud.
A. great; which B. greater; which C. greatest; that
(2019甘肃武威、白银)I prefer music ________ has great lyrics.
A. who B. whose C. that D. /
(2019山东滨州) —Do you know the man ______ spoke at the meeting just now?
—No, I don’t know.
A. what B. who C. which D. whose
15.(2019山东临沂)Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon ______ has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.
A. who B. which C. /
二、易混易错点拨
1.(2019四川成都)—The boy ______ lost is crying there.
—How do you know he gets lost?
A. whose B. who C. who’s
2. (2019 四川乐山) —What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the storybook ________you lent to me last week.
A. who B. which C. when
3.(2019河南)—Do you know the boy over there?
—The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.
A. what B. which C.who D.不填
4.(2019 湖南湘潭)On?Monday?April?15,?2019,?the?fire _____ broke out?in?Notre?Dame Cathedral?in?Paris shocked?the?world.
A.?that? ?B.?who? C.?where
(2019黑龙江哈尔滨)—Have you got ready for the soccer game?
—Yes, I’ve done everything ______ I can to win the game.
A. who B. that C. which
(2019甘肃兰州)The movie ______ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.
A. who B. which C. where D. when
(2019 广东)Not all children ______ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
(2019 湖北鄂州) — Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV?
— Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ can develop the habit of reading.
A. who B. that C. what D. whose
(2019湖南郴州)All the classmates enjoyed the cake ________ I made at the party. It was really delicious.
A. that B. who C. what
(2019湖南长沙)China is getting better at making hi-tech products ______ can be bought in all parts of the world.
A.who B.which C.what
(2019四川内江)The book _______ was written by him is very interesting.
A. who B. whom C. which D. 不填
(2019湖北黄冈)—Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father?
—The first thing _________ I will do is to make a card for him.
A. who B. where C. whose D. that
(2019 湖北随州) 29.—What kind of movies do you like?
—I prefer movies ______ give me something to think about.
A. which B. who C. what D. when
1. A friend is someone______says，" What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”
A. who B. Which C. What D. whose
2.----Linda，can you tell me something about Mo Yan?
----Sure. He is the writer ____won the Nobel (诺贝尔) Literature Prize.
A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
3. A Wechat (微信) is an invention can help people talk to friends,________ share photos，ideas and feeling freely.
A. which B. who C. whose D/
4. I still remember the college and the teachers_____I visited in London years ago.
A. what B. who . C. that D. which
5. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village__his family lived ten years ago. .
A. when B. which C. where D. that
6. I like the cartoon_____ has a happy ending and makes me______ .
A. which; to laugh B. that; to laugh C. whose; laughing D. which; laugh
7.----What kind of music do you like?-----I like music______I can dance to.
A. because B. when C. who D. that
8. ---Look! That is the woman_____I met yesterday.
-----Oh? She’s my aunt.
A. what B. who C. where D. when
9. Most students like the teachers______understand them well.
A. which B. who C. where D. when
10. Being blind is something_____most people can’t imagine. .
A. who B. what C. that D. whom
11. People are talking about the old houses___ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago.
A. which B. where C. who D. when
12. A graduation ceremony is a custom_____ takes place_____students graduate from a school.
A. which; when B. that; who C. which; whose . D. that; which
13.---Do you know the man____is standing at the door?----Yes，I do. He’ s a friend of_____ .
A. when; I B. who; mine C. that; me D. which; my
14. She is the girl________invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
15. I’11 remember the old buildings________I visited in the village.
A. where B. which C. who
答案
典例分类
1.(2019湖南岳阳)I’ll never forget the story ______.
A. that cheers me up B. who cheers me up C. what cheers me up
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：我永远不会忘记那个使我振奋的故事。句中先行词为the story，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that，故选A。
(2019云南曲靖) We will never forget the firemen ________ lost their lives in the forest fire in April 2019 at Liangshan, Sichuan.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：我们将永远都不会忘记在2019年4月发生在四川凉山的火灾中牺牲的灭火人员。先行词为the firemen，指人，故关系词用that。故选A。
3.(2019广西玉林) —Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?
—You mean, the new police story was filmed by Chen Musheng?
A. who B. what C. whose D. which
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：—嗨，安娜。你想和我一起看电影《扫毒》吗？—你说的是陈木胜导演的新警察故事电影吗？题干中先行词为story，指物，关系代词用which。故选D。
4.(2019广西梧州). —Do you like National Treasure, the weekly TV show on CCTV?
—Sure, It’s a great culture TV show_______has been very popular in China.
A. who B. whom C.which D. what
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：——你喜欢国宝这个节目吗？——是的，这是一个好节目，在中国很流行。which引导的是一个定语从句。
5.(2019黑龙江大庆). The book ______ I read last night was fantastic.
A. that B. what C. whose D. who
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：我昨晚读的这本书极好。分析句子结构可知，后面的I read last night是定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，其先行词是指物的名词book，故应用that引导。what不能引导定语从句，whose与who引导定语从句时的先行词是人不是物，可排除。故选A项。
(2019吉林).Mr.Brown is a teacher _____is strict with all his students.
A. which B. who C. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：布朗先生是一位对待所有学生都严格要求的老师。本句当中a teacher是先行词，所以只能用指人的关系代词who。故选B。
(2019辽宁盘锦)A landmark (里程碑) in the history of science was made by a photo _______ was taken on April 10th about the black hole in a faraway galaxy(星系).
A. who B. which C. what D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：科学史上的里程碑是4月10日所拍摄于的遥远星系的一张关于黑洞的照片。结合句意及句子结构分析，可知此处所填词指代名词“ a photo ”，应用疑问代词which来引导。故选B。
(2019贵州贵阳) Wang Yangming is a great educationalist _____ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.
A. which B. what C. who
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：王阳明是一位伟大的教育家，他在秀文发展了大部分思想。educationalist是指人的名词，其后的定语从句应用who或that引导，故选C。
(2019甘肃天水)—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth《流浪地球》？
—Yes.it’s the best one ______ I have ever seen.
A.that B.which C.what D.it
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗？——是的。它是我看的最好的一部（电影）。先行词被最高级best修饰，关系代词只能用that，故选A。
(2019 湖南株洲)We have decided to sell five things _______ we no longer use.
that B. where C. who
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：我们已经决定出售五件不再使用的东西。先行词为five things在从句中做宾语。故选A。
(2019 四川达州)—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _____ waiting in line?
—They are the students from No1 Primary School.
A.that are B. where are C. which is D. who is
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：——Frank，树下排队等候的那些孩子都是谁呀？—他们是一小的学生。定语从句中先行词children是复数，应用引导词that。故选A。
12.(2019四川遂宁)My mother doesn’t like stories ________ have sad endings.
A. that B. who C. where D. those
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我妈妈不喜欢有着悲伤结局的故事。此题定语从句的先行词是stories，不是人，也不是地点，根据这一点能排除B 、C两项。定语从句的引导词没有those，排除D。故选A。
(2019四川宜宾) —Have you heard of the Huawei Company?
—Sure, it’s one of the ______ companies _____ make us Chinese proud.
A. great; which B. greater; which C. greatest; that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法和形容词的最高级。句意：——你听说过华为公司吗？——当然，它是最令我们中国人自豪的公司之一。one of后面跟形容词最高级；定语从句中，先行词是物，且被最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用that。故选C。
(2019甘肃武威、白银)I prefer music ________ has great lyrics.
A. who B. whose C. that D. /
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。先行词music是物，并且在从句中是作主语成分的，故用引导词that/which。故选C。
(2019山东滨州) —Do you know the man ______ spoke at the meeting just now?
—No, I don’t know.
A. what B. who C. which D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。本题的句意：——你认识刚才在会上发言的这个人吗？——不，不认识。先行词the man指人，并且在从句中是作主语成分的，故用关系代词that/who在定语从句中作主语。故选B。
15.(2019山东临沂)Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon ______ has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.
A. who B. which C. /
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：《小猪佩奇》是一部英国卡通片，在中国很受欢迎，深受小孩子和他们的父母的喜爱。根据句意和句式结构可知本句为定语从句，定语从句的先行词为cartoon，指物，用which或that，在定语从句中作主语，故不能省略。
二、易混易错点拨
1.(2019四川成都)—The boy ______ lost is crying there.
—How do you know he gets lost?
A. whose B. who C. who’s
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：—那个迷路的男孩正在那儿哭泣。—你怎么知道他迷路了呢？主句先行词为“the boy”，用关系代词“who”引导定语从句，在定语从句中做主语。表示某人迷路，应用短语“be/get lost”。 空部分应为“定语从句连接词+谓语动词”，故C项(相当于who is)正确。
2. (2019 四川乐山) —What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the storybook ________you lent to me last week.
A. who B. which C. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：——你在找什么? —— 我正在找你上星期借给我的那本故事书。定语从句中的先行词the storybook 指物，故用which引导定语从句，故选B。
3.(2019河南)—Do you know the boy over there?
—The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.
A. what B. which C.who D.不填
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。问句询问“你认识那边的那个男孩吗？”，答语反问“是拿着球的那个人吗？”根据句子结构可知，此处定语从句，先行词为The one，关系词指代人，且在定语从句中作主语，故选C。what不能引导定语从句，故排除A项；关系代词which只能指代物，故排除B项；关系代词作主语时，不能省略，故排除D项。
4.(2019 湖南湘潭)On?Monday?April?15,?2019,?the?fire _____ broke out?in?Notre?Dame Cathedral?in?Paris shocked?the?world.
A.?that? ?B.?who? C.?where
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：2019年4月15日星期一早上，在巴黎圣母院的一场大火震惊了世界。这里先行词fire是物，而不是人，故选A。
(2019黑龙江哈尔滨)—Have you got ready for the soccer game?
—Yes, I’ve done everything ______ I can to win the game.
A. who B. that C. which
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：——你为足球赛做好准备了吗？——对，我已经为赢得比赛做好了一切准备。先行词everything为不定代词，当先行词为不定代词时，关系代词常用that。故选B。
(2019甘肃兰州)The movie ______ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.
A. who B. which C. where D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。本题的句意：我看过了两边的那部电影是《流浪地球》。先行词movie是物，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可用which。答案选B。
(2019 广东)Not all children ______ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：并不是所有观看到这个视频的孩子都会成为一名科学家，但有些或许对科学感兴趣。由句意知，本句是含有定语从句的复合句。先行词children指人，应用关系代词who引导定语从句。故选C。
(2019 湖北鄂州) — Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV?
— Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ can develop the habit of reading.
A. who B. that C. what D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：——你喜欢中央电视台每周播出的脱口秀节目《朗读者》吗？——当然。它是一个非常棒的电视节目，能够培养人们的阅读习惯。先行词TV program为事物，定语从句关系代词用that或which。故选B。
(2019湖南郴州)All the classmates enjoyed the cake ________ I made at the party. It was really delicious.
A. that B. who C. what
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。分析句子结构可知，the cake是先行词，在空格后的句子“I made at the party”中作宾语，且又指物，故选A。
(2019湖南长沙)China is getting better at making hi-tech products ______ can be bought in all parts of the world.
A.who B.which C.what
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。本题的句意：中国更擅长制造能在世界各地买到的高科技产品。先行词为hi-tech products是物，并且它在从句中做主语故选B。
(2019四川内江)The book _______ was written by him is very interesting.
A. who B. whom C. which D. 不填
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。他写的这本书很有趣，其中_______ was written by him是定语从句修饰the book,先行词book是物，引导词应该使用which或that，故选C。
(2019湖北黄冈)—Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father?
—The first thing _________ I will do is to make a card for him.
A. who B. where C. whose D. that
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：——明天是父亲节。 你给你爸爸的惊喜是什么？——我要做的第一件事就是给他做一张卡片。先行词前有序数词修饰，关系代词用that，故选D。
(2019 湖北随州) 29.—What kind of movies do you like?
—I prefer movies ______ give me something to think about.
A. which B. who C. what D. when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词用法。句意：“你喜欢什么类型的电影？”“我更喜欢那些能给我带来思考某种事物的电影”。 which的先行词为物，关系代词which在从句中作主语或宾语；who的先行词为人，关系代词who在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；when的先行词为表示时间的名词，关系副词when在从句中作状语。这里先行词为movie，故用which引导定语从句。故选A。
1. A friend is someone______says，" What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”
A. who B. Which C. What D. whose
【答案】 A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。先行词是someone，表人，排除B, what 不能引导定语从句，排除C;先行词和空格后的单词无所属关系，排除D。故选A。
2.----Linda，can you tell me something about Mo Yan?
----Sure. He is the writer ____won the Nobel (诺贝尔) Literature Prize.
A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
【答案】 C
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。which 先行词为物时; whose 先行词为人或物，作定语，后得接名词; who先行词为人，作主、宾、表语; whom先行词为人，只作宾语。根据先行词the writer 作者，作主语。所以选择答案C。
3. A Wechat (微信) is an invention can help people talk to friends,________ share photos，ideas and feeling freely.
A. which B. who C. whose D/
【答案】 A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。which can help people talk to friends, share photos,ideas and feeling freely是定语从句，修饰先行词invention，而先行词是物，关系代词用which或that。故选A。
4. I still remember the college and the teachers_____I visited in London years ago.
A. what B. who . C. that D. which
【答案】 C
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。who “谁”，what什么，that“那个”，which“那个”。这里是引导定语从句，用来修饰the college and the teachers，既包括人又包括物，所以关系词只能用用that，而不能用which,所以选择答案C。
5. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village__his family lived ten years ago. .
A. when B. which C. where D. that
【答案】 C
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。定语从句的先行词the village， 在定语从句中充当的是地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导，故选C。
6. I like the cartoon_____ has a happy ending and makes me______ .
A. which; to laugh B. that; to laugh C. whose; laughing D. which; laugh
【答案】 D
【解析】考查定语从句的用法及非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢完满结局、让我笑的动画片。先行词the ca
rtoon是物，故定语从句的用关系代词用that/which;再由make sb. do sth. 为固定结构，答案为D。
7.----What kind of music do you like?-----I like music______I can dance to.
A. because B. when C. who D. that
【答案】 D
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意:----你喜欢哪种音乐?----我喜欢能随之跳舞的音乐。关系代词that在定语从句中作介词to的宾语，故选D。
8. ---Look! That is the woman_____I met yesterday.
-----Oh? She’s my aunt.
A. what B. who C. where D. when
【答案】 B
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the woman，且在定语从中作met的宾语可知用关系代词who。所以选择答案B。
9. Most students like the teachers______understand them well.
A. which B. who C. where D. when
【答案】] B
【解析】考查定语从句里的关系代词的用法。由先行词是the teachers， 且在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who。所以选择答案B。
10. Being blind is something_____most people can’t imagine. .
A. who B. what C. that D. whom
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词是something，关系代词保能用that。故选C。
11. People are talking about the old houses___ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago.
A. which B. where C. who D. when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。这里定语从句要修饰the old houses,是事物，且在从句中做bought的宾语，所以要用连接代词that或which，所以选择答案A。
12. A graduation ceremony is a custom_____ takes place_____students graduate from a school.
A. which; when B. that; who C. which; whose . D. that; which
【答案】 A
【解析】考查复合句的连接词。第一个从句是定语从句，先行词表示物，引导词在定语从句中作主语，应当用that或which引导;第二个从句是时间状语从句,用when引导。句意:毕业典礼是学生们从学校毕业时发生的习俗。
13.---Do you know the man____is standing at the door?----Yes，I do. He’ s a friend of_____ .
A. when; I B. who; mine C. that; me D. which; my
【答案】 B
【解析】考查定语从句引导词以及名词性物主代词的用法。定语从句的先行词.the man 是“人，在定语从句中充当的是主语，因此用关系代词who或that引导来引导。我的一个朋友，用双重所有格形式a friend of mine. 故选B.
14. She is the girl________invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
【答案】 D
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。因为先行词是the girl，表示人，而且引导词后紧跟名词invention，所以选择D答案。
15. I’11 remember the old buildings________I visited in the village.
A. where B. which C. who
【答案】 B
【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。这里定语从句要修饰the old buildings是物，且在从句中做visited的宾语，所以要用连接代词that或which，所以选择答案B。