课件37张PPT。英语3年中考2年模拟专题复习专题五 介词考点分析 介词是一种用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。中考主要考查表示时间的介词、表示方位的介词、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词by,in,on,with和介词的固定搭配。对于介词的考察，通常是以单项选择或完形填空形式考查介词用法，尤其是几个易混淆的介词。另外，介词与动词和形容词构成的固定搭配也是常见的考试内容。考点梳理思维导图考点一 时间介词考点精析考点精析1. 常考时间介词辨析
(1)in, after与before考点精析(2)for, during与through考点精析2. 其他常见时间介词考点精析考点精练（2019·宿迁）Beijing Expo 2019 opened to the public ________ 29th April. It will last over five months.
A. at B. in C. on D. ofC【解析】句意：2019年北京园博会于4月29日开幕。它将持续五个多月。考查介词辨析。表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等用 at；泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间，一般用 in；若表示星期几或某一特定的日期，则用 on；of表所属，不表时间。29th April 4月29日，是一个具体的日期，需用介词on；根据句意语法，可知选C。思维导图考点二 方位介词考点精析1. over, under, above 与below考点精析考点精析2. at, in, on与to考点精析考点精析3. in front of与in the front of考点精析4. across, over, through与past考点精析5. 其他常见方位介词考点精练A（河北）—All the students in our class went to the cinema ________ Kangkang, why?
—Because he had a bad cold.
A．except B．besides C．beside D．without【解析】except“除……之外”，排除……在外；besides“除……之外”，包含……在内；beside“在……旁边”；without“没有”。根据题意可知用except，故选A。思维导图考点三 其他常见介词考点精析1. against
(1)“反对；违背”，其反义词为for。如：No shouting, please! It’s against the rules.请不要大喊。这违反规定了。
(2)“对抗；(在比赛或战斗中)对(某人或某事物)”。如：Our team played against yours and we won. 我们队和你们队比赛，我们队赢了。
(3)“紧靠；倚；碰；撞”。如：Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.当雨开始重重地敲打窗户时，本正在帮他的妈妈做晚餐。[八(下)Unit 5 P35]考点精析2. between
“在……之间(两者)”。如：The supermarket is between the flower store and the bookstore.超市在花店和书店之间。3. except
“除……之外(其他的都)”，其后的宾语被排除在整体之外。如：You’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit.除了面包之外，你不应该用手吃任何东西，水果也不行。考点精析4. besides
“除……之外(其他的也)”，其后的宾语被包括在整体之内。如：I like English and maths besides Chinese.除了语文，我还喜欢英语和数学。5. by
(1)“凭借某种工具或手段”，后接名词，名词前不用冠词，若后接动词，应用动名词形式。如：It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 使用网络或观看游戏节目是放松的好方法，但是我们认为最好的放松方法是通过锻炼。[八(上)Unit 2 P13]
(2)后接表示交通工具的名词单数形式，且名词前不加修饰词。如：I went to Shanghai by plane. 我乘飞机去的上海。考点精析6. among
“在……之间(强调三者及三者以上)”。如： It is a time for a special dinner among family and friends.这是一个与亲人和朋友共进一顿特殊晚餐的时间。7. with
(1)“拥有，带有；和……一起”。如：After class, I play ping-pong with my classmates.课后，我和同学们一起打乒乓球。
(2)“用……工具或手段”。如：We see with our eyes. 我们用眼睛看东西。
(3)“随着，由于”，表伴随。如：With the development of society, people pay more attention to their health. 随着社会的发展，人们更加关注健康。考点精析8. without “没有，缺乏”，表示否定。如：I played the song without any mistakes.我演奏这首歌没有出错。9. around
“四处，在……周围”。如：You can also see the Disney characters walking around the park.你也可以看见迪士尼的人物在公园四处走动。10. as
(1)“作为，以……身份”。如：He attended the meeting as an officer. 他以一名官员的身份出席了会议。
(2)“像，如同，跟……一样”。如：She describes her life as a poem. 她把自己的生活描述得像诗一样。考点精析11. into
(1)“到……里面，进入”。如：Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.一棵茶树上的一些叶子掉到了水里，并在里面停留了一段时间。
(2)“朝，向，对着”。如：Speak clearly into the microphone.对着麦克风清楚地讲话。12. of
(1)“属于(某人)，关于(某人)”，表示所属关系。如：Here are two nice photos of my family.这有两张我的家人的美丽照片。
(2)“用于表示计量、时间或年龄”。如：I need to buy 2 kilos of potatoes.我需要买两公斤马铃薯。考点精析13. like
(1)“相似，类似，像”。如：She’s wearing a dress like mine. 她穿的连衣裙和我的相似。
(2)“例如，譬如”。如：They help with the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places.它们帮助做家务以及在脏的或危险的地方工作。[八(上)Unit 7 P53]
(3)“像……一样”。如：I love my teacher. He’s like a father to me.我爱我的老师。对我而言他就像父亲一样。[七(下)Unit 3 P17]考点精析14. in
(1)“在(范围或空间)内的某一点”。如：I read the news in the newspaper.我在报纸上读到了这条新闻。
(2)“进入”。如：She got in her car and drove off.她上了车，(把车)开走了。
(3)“穿着，戴着”。如：She was in black.她穿着一身黑。考点精练 A（河南）—Would you like some coffee?
—Yes, and please get me some milk.I prefer coffee ________ milk.
A．with B．to C．of D．on【解析】根据句意“我喜欢加牛奶的咖啡”，只有with具备这种意思，故答案选A。考点精析考点四 介词短语 1. in短语
in danger 处在危险中 in all 总共；总计 in case以防；以防万一
in common 共有；共同 in doubt怀疑；不肯定 in fact事实上
in fear 害怕 in need 在危难中；急需 in (good) order 整齐；有条理
in peace 平静地；和平 in person 亲身；亲自
in return作为回报 in trouble 陷入困境
in the end 最后 in the way 妨碍；挡道考点精析考点四 介词短语 2. of 短语
because of由于 instead of 代替；而不是 first of all首先
out of breath 气喘吁吁 out of control不受控制 out of danger 脱离危险3. on短语
on business出差 on duty 值日；值班 on fire着火；失火
on foot 步行；徒步 on holiday在度假；在休假 on sale廉价出售；减价
on show 展览；陈列 on time 准时 on one’s own 独立地；独自
on the way (to)在去……的路上考点精析考点四 介词短语 4. at短语
at birth出生 at dinner/supper 晚餐时
at first起初 at hand 近在手边；在附近
at last最后；终于 at least至少；起码
at once立刻；马上 at present 现在；目前
at times有时
at the moment此刻；目前；那时；当时考点精析考点四 介词短语 5. by短语
by accident偶然；意外地 by mistake 错误地；无意中
by plane坐飞机 by the time 到……的时候
by the way顺便说一下；顺便问一下6. to短语
according to 根据 as to关于；至于
next to ……的旁边；紧挨着 thanks to 多亏；由于考点精析考点四 介词短语 7. 其他类(2015.58)
as a result结果(2015.58)
as for至于…… for example例如
such as例如 together with和……一起
from now on从现在起 once in a while偶尔
to be honest说实话 to one’s surprise让某人惊讶的是
to start with以……开始 to tell the truth说实话考点精练 D【解析】句意：随着当代科技的发展，科学家们拍到了一张黑洞的照片。A. At在……；B. In在……里面；C. On在……上；D. With随着，带有。With the help of modern technology表示随着科技的发展。根据题意，故选D。（2019·淮安）__________ the help of modern technology, scientists got a
photo of a black hole.
A. At B. In C. On D. With谢谢21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站 有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
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专题五 介 词
1. (2019重庆B卷)I enjoy talking with my classmates ________ our way to school.
A. on B. at C. in D. under
2. (2019包头)He drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ________ the road.
A. off B. on C. along D. behind
3. (2019泰州)Ladies and Gentlemen, welcome to Beijing! And if you need any help, please call me ________ 010－5558 6390.
A. at B. on C. with D. by
4. (2019淮安)________ the help of modern technology, scientists got a photo of a black hole.
A. At B. In C. On D. With
5. (2019内江)—When did Neil Armstrong walk on the moon?
—________ July 20th, 1969.
A. In B. At C. For D. On
6. (2019梧州)The city museum closes________ 7 o’clock in the evening.
A. at B. from C. on D. of
7. (2019吉林改编)—Excuse me. Where is the nearest bookstore?
—Go ________ Center Street and you’ll find it.
A. for B. along C. with D. to
8. (2019合肥45中四模) China has built a new Great Wall ________ the north part of the country.
A. among B. across C. through D. between
9. (2019亳州市一模)—What time do you expect me to finish the task?
—________ two hours.
A. Before B. At C. For D. In
10. (2019安徽黑马卷)________ saying goodbye to our teachers, we left the school where we had stayed for three years.
A. Until B. Before C. After D. By
11. (2019安徽黑白卷)There is a small bridge ________ the river. It connects the people of the village with the outside world.
A. under B. over C. above D. below
12. (2020预测)Our teacher tells us that it’s dangerous to stand ________ the trees when lightning comes.
A. against B. behind C. under D. along
13. (2020预测)He can describe this thing ________ English. How smart he is!
A. with B. for C. in D. on
14. (2019温州)The instructions tell us everything ________ about how to make the model ship.
A. by hand B. by chance C. in detail D. in person
15. (2019扬州)Facial recognition(人脸识别)technology is widely used for payment.________， we needn’t enter the passwords any more.
A. For example B. As a result
C. What’s worse D. What’s more
16. (2019本溪)—Could you tell me how I can improve my English?
—Sure. ________， you could speak it as much as possible.
A. After all B. In the end
C. By the way D. First of all
17. (2019合肥45中三模)Hurry up, a heavy rain is ________．
A. in the way B. on the way
C. by the way D. out of the way
18. (2019安徽黑马卷)When I got off the train yesterday, I took another boy’s umbrella ________．
A. by hand B. by mistake
C. by force D. by heart
19. (2020预测)—How was your life in England?
—Quite different from here.________， people there drink tea with milk.
A. In my opinion B. To my surprise
C. At the beginning D. In person
20. (2020预测)Summer vacation is just around the corner. Making a detailed plan ________ is very important to everyone.
A. in advance B. in public
C. on duty D. on show
21. (2020预测)My father has been in Beijing ________ for three days. He will be back in two days.
A. on business B. on purpose C. at once D. at last
专题五 介 词
A 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. D
A 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C
B 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B
16. D 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. A
