人教版高中英语选修7第二单元 Revision of The passive Infinitive 语法课件（共36张PPT）

(共36张PPT)
Revision
of
The passive Infinitive
复习不定式
Revise the Infinitive
1. 作主语
2. 作宾语
3. 作宾语补足语
4. 作定语
5. 作状语
6. 作表语
7. 作独立成分
8. 与疑问词等连用
动词的被动语态也有时态
一般现在时：am / is / are done
一般过去时：was / were done
现在进行时：am / is / are being done
过去进行时：was / were being done
现在完成时：have / has been done
过去完成时：had been done
一般将来时：shall / will be done; be going to be done
当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to…be done
不定式语法? 不定式的时态和语态
不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如下表所示。
语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have
done to have
been done
进行式 to be doing /
动词不定式的被动式的使用：
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表
示的动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式
的被动式。不定式的被动式可以在句中
作主语、作宾语、作表语、作定语、
作状语。
1. It’s an honour to be invited to the
ceremony.
2. She didn’t like to be treated as a child.

3. His dream was to be admitted to a good university.
4. There are a lot of things to be discussed.

5. She was sent there to be trained for the space flight.
作主语
作宾语
作表语
作定语
作状语
二、不定式的主动形式表示被动
1．在there be结构中。
例如： There is a lot of homework to do．
(也可用to be done) There is no time to lose (to be lost).
2．在“n／pron + be + adj + to do”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，等。
例如： He is hard to convince.
He is an impossible person to work with．
3.在“too—to do; enough…to…”结构中。如：
The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)．
The house is big enough to live in.
4．在“with+n+to do”结构中。
例如： With nothing to do，he lay in bed． With so many exercises to do，I can’t go to the cinema．
不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义
5. 不定式的逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面，只能用主动形式；若在句中找不到不定式的逻辑主语，则用不定的被动形式。如：
Do you have anything to wash today?
(to wash的主语为句子的主语you，其逻辑宾语为anything)
你今天要洗什么吗？
Do you have anything to be washed?
(to be washed不是you做，而是由“我”或其他人来做)
你有什么要其他人洗的吗？
6．当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中
时。
例如： This is the best book to read (=for us／you to read)． The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house．
7．一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。
常见的这类动词有let(出租)，blame等。
例如： The house is to let． I felt l was to blame.
解读动词不定式
We don’t allow to smoke in the lecture hall.
We don’t allow smoking in the lecture hall.
We don’t allow people to smoke in the lecture hall.
解析：在allow后跟动名词作宾语；当allow后有宾主时，则用不定式作补语，即allow sb to do sth。
2. She was the first person thinking of the idea.
She was the first person to think of the idea.
解析：当序数词或由序数词所修饰的名词带定语时，此定语通常由不定式来充当。
3. We need some paper to write.
We need some paper to write on.
解析：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须跟相应的介词。但如果不定式所修饰的名词是time, place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如：
He had no money and no place to live (in). 他没有钱，也没有住的地方。
4. The question being discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.
The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.
解析：being discussed表示动作正在进行，而根据at tomorrow’s meeting可动作发生在将来，故用to be discussed表示。
5. This boy was seen come late this morning.
This boy was seen to come late this morning.
解析：感官动词和使役动词转换为被动结构时，其后的不定式需要带to。
I. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整。
1. He wanted the letter __________ (type) at once.
2. It is the first such project ______________ (design) by Chinese engineers.
to be typed
to be designed
3. They knew him ___________________ (arrest) by the police.
4. He’ll show you the right path _______ (take).
5. He said he was _________ (send) there to attend an important meeting next Friday.
to have been arrested
to take
to be sent
6. She didn’t want her son ___________ (take) away.
7. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ________________ (tell) everything.
8. She is busy preparing for the exams __________ (hold) next month.
9. He hurried to the station only _________ (tell) that the train had left.
to be taken
to have been told
to be held
to be told
1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. seen
Exercise
B
2. I hurried to the meeting hall, only ____ that the meeting had been put off.
A. to tell B. to be told
C. telling D. told
B
3. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears ____ everything.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. to be telling
D. to have been told
D
4. Little Tom should love ____ to the theater this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take
C. being taken D. taking
A
5. It is said that plastics can be used to ____ many things. Now people are used to ____ plastics products.
A. make; using
B. making; using
C. making; use
D. make; use
A
6. With a lot of problems ____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling
C. to settle D. being settled
C
7. He ___ and was made to repeat it.
A. didn’t understand
B. didn’t be understood
C. wasn’t understand
D. wasn’t understood
D
8. The pupils here ____ all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks.
A. kept busy doing
B. keep on doing
C. have kept busy doing
D. have been kept busy doing
D
9. Visitors ____ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request
B. request
C. are requesting
D. are requested
D
10. In some parts of the world, tea
____ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving
B. is served
C. serves
D. served
B
Homework
Go over words and expressions.
Go over the grammar.
Do Ex3 on Page 56.