Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Warming Up
A卷
阅读理解
A
Diana Ross, American pop singer and actress, achieved international popularity, first as the leader singer of the Supremes and later as a solo(独唱的) artist. Diana Ross was born on March 26, 1944, in Detroit, Michigan. She was the second of six children of Fred and Ernestine Ross, who lived in one of Detroit’s poor districts. Because her family were closely connected with each other, Ross almost didn’t notice the difficult life as she grew up.
Ross’ professional career began in 1959, when she joined several neighborhood friends to form the Primettes. The group was renamed the Supremes after signing a recording contract(合同) with Motown late the following year. The group produced many number－one hit singles(热门单曲) on the U．S.Billboard Hot 100, including Baby Love, Stop! In the Name of Love and Someday We’ll Be Together. In 1967, the group was renamed Diana Ross and the Supremes, foreshadowing(预示) Ross’ solo career, which she started in 1970.
Beginning with Ain’t No Mountain High Enough from her first solo album, Ross enjoyed more than ten years of great success with her hit singles. Ross also developed a film－acting career in the 1970s, beginning with a starring role as blues singer Billie Holiday in Lady Sings the Blues and continuing with Mahogany, for which she also recorded the theme song Do You Know Where You’re Going To.
However, in the mid－1980s, Ross saw her career begin to wane. Most of her albums were re－recordings of earlier material. In 2006, she produced I Love You, a collection of love songs by many artists, and she started an energetic concert tour the following year to make the album publicly known. Although you can’t find her songs on the U．S.Billboard Hot 100 now, Ross remains popular as one of the leading musical performers of all time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了美国流行歌手和演员Diana Ross 自出道以来在演艺事业上的发展和成就。
1．According to the passage, the Supremes________．
A．had to break up in 1967
B．used to be named the Primettes
C．was made up of Ross and her classmates
D．signed a contract with Motown in 1959
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的Ross’ pro－fessional career began in 1959, when she joined several neighborhood friends to form the Primettes. The group was renamed the Supremes after signing a recording contract(合同) with Motown late the following year.可知，Diana Ross和几个朋友组成的乐团最初的名字是the Primettes。
2．Which of the following songs is included in Ross’ first solo album?
A．Baby Love.
B．Stop! In the Name of Love.
C．Ain’t No Mountain High Enough.
D．Someday We’ll Be Together.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Beginning with Ain’t No Mountain High Enough from her first solo album, Ross enjoyed more than ten years of great success with her hit singles.可知，Ain’t No Mountain High Enough是Diana Ross单人首张专辑中的单曲。
3．What can we learn about Do You Know Where You’re Going To?
A．It was the theme song of Mahogany.
B．It was one of Ross’ No.1 hit singles.
C．It was sung by a blues singer.
D．It was from Ross’ first film.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的．..continuing with Mahogany, for which she also recorded the theme song Do You Know Where You’re Going To.可知，Do You Know Where You’re Going To是电影 Mahogany的主题曲。
4．What does the underlined word “wane” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Develop faster. B．End quickly.
C．Start again. D．Become weaker.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容可知，在20世纪80年代中期，Diana Ross发现自己的歌唱事业开始衰弱，故wane意为“衰弱，减退”。
B
Residents of Guangdong Province are raising the most pets of any province on the Chinese mainland, tallying more than 10 percent of the 100 million pets registered nationwide, a recent survey reported.
One in every 13 people in China is raising a pet, on average, with dogs and cats accounting for about 80 percent the total, though tortoises have been seeing a rapid increase in the recent years.Guangdong is followed in pet popularity by Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Beijing and Shandong, said the survey by Zhongjinqixin, an international information consultant in Beijing.Among cities, Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong, is among the top five in pet ownership on the mainland.The others are Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing and Wuhan.
The United States, for example, has registered more than 400 million pets, 1.3 times more than the country’s population, he said.Among pet owners, nearly 62 percent raise dogs, more than 19 percent raise cats and more than 6 percent have tortoises at home.Other popular pets include fish, rabbits and birds.“Many residents are now raising tortoises as pets at home, as tortoises indicate longevity in the minds of Chinese，” said a man surnamed Li, who lives in Guangzhou, and has been caring for a pair of tortoises for the past three years.“My family has treated the tortoises as our family members，” he said.
Most pet owners are younger than 45.The survey found that 6 percent were younger than 25, 37 percent were aged between 25 and 30, 24 percent were between 31 to 35 and 18 percent were aged 36 to 45.Those older than 45 were just 8 percent of the total.
【解题导语】 本文介绍的是近年来人们饲养宠物的一些情况。
5．Which of the following animals are the favorite pets in recent years?
A．dogs. B．cats.
C．tortoises. D．birds.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的信息Among pet owners, nearly 62 percent raise dogs, more than 19 percent raise cats and more than 6 percent have tortoises at home.可知，近些年来人们把狗作为宠物饲养的比例最大。由此可知，正确答案应为A项。
6．Many residents prefer to raise tortoises as pets at home mainly due to their ________．
A．lovely appearance B．long life
C．living habit D．friendly behavior
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的信息“Many residents are now raising tortoises as pets at home, as tortoises indicate longevity in the minds of Chinese，” said a man surnamed Li...”，可知，正确答案为B项。
7．We can know from the passage that the majority of the pet owners are ________．
A．younger than 25 B．older than 45
C．between 31 and 35 D．between 25 and 30
D 解析： 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的The survey found that 6 percent were younger than 25, 37 percent were aged between 25 and 30可知，正确答案应为D项。
8．In which column of a newspaper do we probably find the passage?
A．Business. B．Entertainment.
C．Lifestyle. D．Culture.
C 解析：文章出处题。纵观全文内容可知，文章介绍的是近年来人们饲养宠物的一些情况，应该出自报纸的“生活方式”栏目。
C
Life is not easy in senior high school.You’ve got the pressure of studies and exams.
From time to time, you may feel depressed and frustrated.When depression strikes, you have to take measures to fight it.One of the strangest ways to fight depression is to eat salt, scientists have found.
Salt acts as a natural anti－depressant (抗抑郁剂), researchers say.While too much can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease, not enough can cause “psychological(心理的) depressions”， a study has reported.
The study, by researchers at the University of Iowa in the U．S., discovered that when rats are deficient in salt, they don’t do activities they normally enjoy.
The recommended daily salt intake for an adult is four grams, although experts say the body needs only half as much.
However, most adults in the developed world consume(消耗)around ten grams a day, mainly because their diets contain high salt amounts.Today, 77 percent of the U．S. salt intake comes from processed and restaurant foods, like frozen dinners and fast food.
The minerals in salt are required by the body—in small quantities—to help move liquid in and out of cells.But too much can cause diseases, for example high blood pressure.
Today scientists are finding that salt is an addictive substance—almost like a drug.
One sign of addiction is using a substance even when it’s known to be harmful.Many people are told to eat less salt due to health concerns, but they have trouble doing so because they like the taste and find low－salt foods tasteless.
Humans have a long history of eating salt.In the Stone Age, people didn’t need to find salt, because they hunted most of their food, and ate a lot of red meat, which has plenty of salt in it.But when people began to farm, about 10，000 B．C., they started to eat mainly grains like rice and wheat, and very little meat.Then they had to find another way to get salt.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一种奇异的解压方法——吃盐。
9．What does the underlined word “deficient” in the third paragraph mean？
A．Enough. B．Far from enough.
C．More than enough. D．Plenty.
B 解析：根据第三段中not enough can cause “psychological(心理的) depressions”，可知盐供应不足可使老鼠抑郁。故选项B正确。
10．The major role of salt is to __________．
A．help the body work well
B．help fight against depression
C．help people get rid of an addiction to drugs
D．help people enjoy sugary substances
A 解析：根据The minerals in salt are required by the body—in small quantities—to help move liquid in and out of cells.But too much can cause diseases，for example high blood pressure.一段可知盐的作用在于使人体运转正常。故答案选A。
11．Which of the following statements is true？
A．People have trouble reducing salt because they don’t know it is harmful to eat too much of it.
B．Before 10，000 B．C., human beings did not need salt.
C．The richer the country is, the more salt is eaten there.
D．Taking more than 4 grams of salt a day can be harmful for an adult’s health.
D 解析：根据第五段中The recommended daily salt intake for an adult is four grams可知一天盐的摄入量多于四克对身体有害。故答案D正确。
12．What kind of food should people eat more of？
A．Frozen food B．Fast food
C．Red meat D．Low－salt food
D 解析：根据最后三段的叙述可知人们最好吃低盐食物。故答案D正确。
七选五
How to Break a Bad Habit
A habit is an established habitual practice developed in the form of an automatic pattern of behavior.1.________ A good habit could be you making your bed as soon as you wake up, or wiping your shoes on the doormat before entering, and a bad habit could be biting your nails, or talking loudly in public.
2．________
We are so accustomed to our bad habits that most of the time we don’t even realize that we have them, until someone points them out to us.So, the first step that will lead to changing a bad habit is by accepting it and acknowledging it.
Make yourself aware.
Now that you know you have developed a bad habit, it’s best to find out why you developed it in the first place.Find out the reason behind it, as that will help you understand why you’re so tempted to perform that act.Sometimes it even discloses ghosts from the past.3.________ You’ve got to face it and then get rid of it.
Know what the consequences are.
A bad habit is termed as “bad”， because its consequences are harmful.Find out how this bad habit of yours has spoiled things around you.Your mom must have yelled at you a million times for it, but after all she is your mother and you hear what she says from one ear and throw it out from the other.4.________
Determination is the name of the game.
Leaving a bad habit is like throwing a boomerang(回飞棒)and you throw it and it will come back to you.Take it as a test of your willpower.Don’t be laid back about it.5.________
Breaking a bad habit is a better option than letting it grow with you to become an addiction.
A．Accept that it is a bad habit.
B．But it’s now time to change that.
C．There are both good and bad habits.
D．Be firm that this time you’ll break free from it.
E．There is nothing to feel scared about.
F．Take help from family and friends.
G．Breaking a habit is a very tricky game.
【解题导语】 本文介绍如何去掉坏习惯的四个步骤：承认坏习惯、明确原因、了解后果、下定决心。
1．C 解析：下文具体叙述好习惯和坏习惯，故此句应说明习惯分为好习惯和坏习惯两种，选C项。
2．A 解析：第二段具体说明了我们应勇于接受和承认坏习惯，故作为该段的小标题，应选A项。
3．E 解析：结合下句You’ve got to face it and then get rid of it.(你必须面对坏习惯然后去掉它)，故此句应表示没有什么值得害怕的，选E项。
4．B 解析：上文提到了坏习惯所造成的后果，此句应表示该怎样做，故选B项。
5．D 解析：承接上句 “Don’t be laid back about it”(对于坏习惯去掉又回来的情况不要不在乎)，此处应表示具体的做法，故选D项。
B卷
阅读理解
Anjali Mishra is a rising junior at Sunset High School in Portland, Oregon. At 17, she is president and founder of her school’s UNICEF(United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund) USA club, and a member of UNICEF’s national council(委员会)．She also volunteers her time in different communities.
How did Anjali develop such a passion(热情) for helping others？When she was a freshman, she had an experience that greatly changed her attitude.She was invited to a cousin’s wedding(婚礼) in India.
“My mom kind of forced me to go，” Anjali says.“When I saw children on the street, I realized how lucky I was as a child.I was able to get whatever I wanted, and my every need was satisfied.”
Anjali asked herself: “What can I do to help？UNICEF stood out to me because it’s always on the front lines helping children in need.”
After starting a UNICEF club at her school, Anjali noticed that the community responded actively.She took things a step further by applying to UNICEF’s national council.
“UNICEF really liked my work，” she says.“Out of 3，000 applicants, they chose 6 high school students to be on the national council, and I was one of them．”
As a member of the council, Anjali helps organize high school UNICEF clubs around the country and provide resources so that the clubs can manage themselves.
The teen also founded an organization called “Activists United”. Members educate people on the dangers of guns.Anjali encourages other kids to start local clubs and organizations, too.“It takes a lot of effort, but you can get it done if you’re passionate，” she says.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Anjali虽然只是一名中学生，但她有一颗善良博爱的心，积极投身慈善事业，帮助贫苦儿童。
1．Why did Anjali go to India?
A．To be a volunteer.
B．To see her mother.
C．To spend a holiday.
D．To attend a wedding.
D 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的She was invited to a cousin’s wedding(婚礼) in India.可知，她应邀去印度参加一场婚礼。
2．What has led Anjali to set up the UNICEF USA club?
A．Her mother’s suggestion.
B．Her volunteer experience.
C．The situation faced by poor children.
D．The encouragement from her cousin.
C 解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的When I saw children on the street...my every need was satisfied和第四段中的What can I do to help？UNICEF stood out to me可推断，Anjali看到了街头孩子们的艰难处境，她想为他们做些什么，进而想到了联合国儿童基金会。
3．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A．3，000 applicants.
B．UNICEF officers.
C．6 high school students.
D．Founders of UNICEF’s national council.
C 解析：代词指代题。由倒数第三段可知，当时申请联合国儿童基金会国家委员会成员的人有三千个，有六名高中生申请成功，Anjali便是其(这六名高中生)中之一。
4．What does the organization “Activists United” do?
A．It educates people on gun safety.
B．It raises money for children in need.
C．It helps kids start local organizations.
D．It provides support for UNICEF clubs.
A 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的．..“Activists United”. Members educate people on the dangers of guns.可知，这个组织的成员教人们认识枪支的危险。
完形填空
To me, school breaks are chances to get away from the boring life. For the Thanksgiving break of 2015, I decided to visit my __1__ in Ithaca. It was a(n) __2__ journey from my home to Ithaca by bus—9 hours.
The first leg of the journey, to Scranton, needed about 6 hours. I had to __3__ buses in Scranton for the last leg of the journey. __4__， my first bus got delayed(延误). Then I __5__ my second bus and had to wait for several hours __6__ I could take the next bus. It was 6 p．m. in Scranton when I waited for the __7__. I called my cousin to tell him about the delay and mentioned that it might be __8__ when I arrived.
While I was on call, I didn’t __9__ that there was a lady standing close by, listening to my __10__. When I got off the call, the lady approached me and __11__ about my journey. When she learned that it had already been a long and __12__ day for me, she took out a big cake and __13__ it to me.
This was a kind act but I __14__ because I had something in my backpack.As I __15__ my conversation with her, I __16__ learned she was from a poor family. She didn’t have much money __17__ that cake was her dinner. I was __18__．And at this time, I realized how true and kind an act of __19__ was when one gave away what she also __20__．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。感恩节放假的时候作者乘车去看表弟，途中等车的时候，一位女士要把自己仅有的一块蛋糕给作者。对此，作者非常感谢，同时意识到了给予的意义。
1．A.teacher B．doctor
C．friend D．cousin
D 解析：根据下文I called my cousin to tell him about the delay...可知，作者决定利用学校放假去看表弟(cousin)。
2．A.long B．interesting
C．dangerous D．comfortable
A 解析：根据下文9 hours可知，从作者的家到表弟那儿是一段9个小时的长途(long)旅程。
3．A.call B．find
C．change D．order
C 解析：根据下文．..for the last leg of the journey可知，作者需在Scranton换(change)车。
4．A.Naturally B．Unluckily
C．Generally D．Surely
B 解析：第一辆车被耽搁了而影响了旅程，这对于作者来说当然是不幸(Unluckily)了。
5．A.forgot B．lost
C．noticed D．missed
D 解析：第一辆车被耽搁了，于是作者就错过了(missed)第二辆车。
6．A.until B．because
C．though D．if
A 解析：因为错过了第二辆车，所以作者不得不等候直到(until)下一辆车到来。
7．A.guide B．driver
C．bus D．lady
C 解析：根据上文．..I could take the next bus可知，作者在等车(bus)。
8．A.late B．cold
C．snowy D．terrible
A 解析：根据上文It was 6 p．m. in Scranton...可知，作者打电话给表弟通知他车被耽搁一事还告诉他自己到的时候估计很晚(late)了。
9．A.remember B．believe
C．doubt D．realize
D 解析：作者打电话的时候没有意识到(realize)旁边有位女士在听他与表弟的对话(conversation)。
10．A.speech B．conversation
C．plan D．advice
B 解析：参考上题解析。
11．A.asked B．told
C．set D．heard
A 解析：根据下文When she learned that...可知，她询问了(asked)作者的旅途。
12．A.boring B．busy
C．quiet D．tiring
D 解析：根据空前的long以及前文可知，六个小时以上的旅程当然累人(tiring)了。
13．A.showed B．offered
C．sent D．sold
B 解析：她拿出一块蛋糕要给(offered)作者。
14．A.turned around B．went on
C．refused D．agreed
C 解析：根据下文．..because I had something in my backpack可知，作者拒绝了(refused)，因为他的背包里有一些吃的。
15．A.continued B．chose
C．finished D．stopped
A 解析：随着作者与她的继续(continued)攀谈，作者最后(finally)了解到她其实并不富有。
16．A.easily B．suddenly
C．usually D．finally
D 解析：参考上题解析。
17．A.but B．and
C．or D．as
B 解析：根据上文She didn’t have much money...可知，那位女士没有多少钱，而且(and)那块蛋糕是她的晚饭。
18．A.moved B．excited
C．troubled D．worried
A 解析：那位女士把自己仅有的一块蛋糕要给作者，这让作者很感动(moved)。
19．A.love B．taking
C．giving D．friendship
C 解析：当时作者意识到当一个人把自己也需要(needed)的东西给另一个人，这种给予(giving)的行为是多么的真实和友善。
20．A.needed B．wanted
C．faced D．understood
A 解析：参考上题解析。
语法填空
As a student in college, getting your first car 1.____________(be) an exciting event. However, since students 2.____________(general) do not have any experience in buying cars, it’s a good idea to do some research first. Here are some useful 3.____________(suggest) for students on buying a car.
Firstly, you need to take costs 4.____________ consideration. Some cars break down more often than others and need much money, so make sure to remember this when 5.____________(choose) a car.
If you can’t afford insurance, then you might not be ready 6.____________(buy) a car. If you shop around, you may be able to find a better price than just going along with 7.____________ first company you contact. Ask about good student discounts(折扣)—many insurance companies offer a 8.____________(low) rate if you have good grades.
If you do a lot of driving, 9.____________ will be in your best interests to pick a car that saves gas.
Be sure to read the contract (合同) and check 10.____________ there are any unexpected costs. If you don’t understand something, ask!
【解题导语】 对大学生来说，买车是一件大事，但是因为没有经验，事先多调查研究是明智之举。本文给出了一些建议。
1．is 解析：考查谓语动词。getting做主语，谓语用单数，且文章描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。
2．generally 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰谓语动词，因此需要用副词形式。
3．suggestions 解析：考查名词。根据前面的some useful可知，此处表示“一些有用的建议”，故填名词suggestions。
4．into 解析：考查介词。take sth. into consideration意为“把……考虑在内”。
5．choosing 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处在when后填v.－ing形式作状语，when choosing＝when you are choosing。
6．to buy 解析：考查非谓语动词。be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”。
7．the 解析：考查冠词。在序数词first前面用定冠词the。
8．lower 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据上文的Ask about good student discounts(折扣)可知，这里是指如果学习成绩好，就能获得更低的价格。
9．it 解析：考查代词。此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是本句中的不定式。
10．if/whether 解析：考查连接代词。根据句意可知，此处填表示“是否”的连接词引导宾语从句。
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Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language Points
品句填词
1．—Shall we meet at the ____________(入口) to the cinema tonight?
—Okay.Let’s make it at a quarter to seven.
答案：entrance
2．She dislikes you to ____________(打扰) her so often.
答案：disturb
3．There is no direct relation between the two incidents.It’s just a ____________(巧合)．
答案：coincidence
4．A lot of students gathered together to look into the box，____________(好奇) about what could be inside.
答案：curious
5．Now the hard winter has gone, we can cast off our winter ____________(服装)．
答案：clothing
6．What is the ____________(联系) between the two ideas?
答案：connection
7．He made a ____________(大笔的钱) by selling waste materials.
答案：fortune
8．The ancient Egyptians knew ways to ____________(保存) dead bodies from decay.
答案：preserve
单句改错
1．People gathered round, curiously to know what was happening.____________________
答案：curiously→curious
2．I was late in getting to the station, but fortunate for me, the train was late too.____________________
答案：fortunate→fortunately
3．The organization was set up to preserve endangered species in extinction.____________________
答案：in→from
4．Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life when they aren’t content to their parents.____________________
答案：to→with
5．This kind of poison, resulting from illness or even death, is kept in the safe.____________________
答案：from→in
完成句子
1．The medicine will work best ________________________________(如果按照说明书服用的话)．
答案：if taken according to the instructions
2．________________________(使张路迷惑不解的是)was how Liu Yun knew the secret.
答案：What puzzled Zhang Lu
3．________________________________________ (一回到家乡)，she got down to ____________________(募捐) for Project Hope.
答案：Upon/On returning to her hometown；raising money
4．We went into the room quietly ________________________(以便不打扰) anyone else.
答案：so as not to disturb
5．Tom ________________(和) his parents, ________________(去) the park every Sunday.
答案：as well as；goes to
课文语法填空
Howard Carter was a famous explorer, 1.____________ didn’t receive school education but was 2.____________ (curiosity) about the outside world.He began searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings since he was only seventeen.3.____________ the help of Lord Carnarvon, Howard Carter began his research.In 1922, he and his team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun near a city 4.____________ (call) Luxor.The tomb was full of 5.____________ (fortunate) in gold and jewels.
Within 7 years, 21 people who had something 6.____________ (do) with the 7.____________ (open) of the tomb died, 8.____________ Howard Carter lived on till the age of 65.Some people say the 9.____________ (death) were just coincidence.Some believe that they were the result of the mummy’s curse, while others think it was the viruses in the tomb 10.____________ resulted in death.
答案：1.who 2.curious 3.With 4.called 5.fortune 6.to do 7.opening 8.but 9.deaths 10.that
A卷
单句语法填空
1．____________ is known to us all is that China’s first space laboratory module, was successfully launched on September 29.
答案：What
2．Mr.Smith, as well as his wife and daughter，____________ going to the Great Wall.
答案：is
3．____________(disturb) news came that the virus is spreading in Africa.
答案：Disturbing
4．Upon ____________(enter) the tall building, he heard a sharp cry coming out of it, which brought his heart to his mouth.
答案：entering
5．I won’t go and attend his wedding party unless ____________(invite)．
答案：invited
6．As they entered the big city for the first time from a remote village, they were full of ____________(curious) about many things.
答案：curiosity
7．The athlete’s years of hard training paid ____________ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
答案：off
8．His drunk driving resulted in the accident, ____________(cause) the death of fifteen people, including three students.
答案：causing
9．Mary took a taxi to the airport，only ____________(find) her plane high up in the sky.
答案：to find
10．He went back to the hall to try his ____________(fortunate) at finding his lost gold watch, but failed.
答案：fortune
阅读理解
“Life is about daring to carry out your ideas，” said Italian mountaineer Reinhold Messner.
One of the best－known living mountaineers，now 74，Messner became the first person to climb Mount Qomolangma alone and without the help of bottled oxygen(氧气) in 1980.
He also became, in 1986, the first to reach the world’s 14 mountain tops of over 8，000 meters，again without bottled oxygen.
Along the way，he has practiced a special style of mountaineering known as alpinism, in which climbers try to reach the top with as little material(材料) and outside help as possible.
“But it is an art that is increasingly getting lost—today’s climbers depend on Sherpas(local guides for climbers in the Himalayas) and ready－made routes to reach the top，” Messner said.
“The true alpinist doesn’t want such help.He wants to go into the wild，” he said.
His achievements have made him a great hero，but Messner says he has gotten into plenty of dangerous situations along the way too.
“Around half of the top alpinists have died climbing，”he said.
“Of course, if I turn back more often than the others, I can increase my chances of survival，” he added.“But if I hadn’t been lucky a few times, I wouldn’t be here.”
Messner later moved on to different challenges(挑战)，crossing the Gobi Desert and Antarctica.
He is also a writer and was in Frankfurt to present his latest book, Wild, telling the true story of a 1916 Antarctic expedition(探险)．
Today, Messner spends his time making films and talks excitedly about his present one, which is set in Kenya, Africa, and tells the story of two climbers who run into trouble and are faced with life－changing situations.
After a lifetime of following his next dream, he believes film－making will be his final project.
“I was always at my best when I was learning, when I was curious(求知的)，” he said.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了国际著名登山运动员梅斯纳尔和他的主要成就。
1．What is special about true alpinists?
A．They can reach the top quickly.
B．They try to depend on(依靠) themselves.
C．They follow ready－made routes.
D．They often work with local guides.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的alpinism, in which climbers try to reach the top with as little material(材料) and outside help as possible和第六段中的The true alpinist doesn’t want such help.可知，真正的登山者尽量依靠自己的力量登上顶峰。
2．What helped Messner survive dangerous situations?
A．Good luck. B．Belief.
C．Good skills. D．Courage.
A 解析：推理判断题。由第九段中的But if I hadn’t been lucky a few times, I wouldn’t be here.可知，Messner说自己几次死里逃生是因为运气好。
3．What does Messner tell us about the story of his new film?
A．It is very interesting.
B．It happens in Africa.
C．It is based on his latest book.
D．It records his true experiences.
B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段可知，梅斯纳尔新电影的故事发生在非洲的肯尼亚。
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．A new film. B．A new book.
C．A great alpinist. D．A great expedition.
C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了国际著名登山运动员梅斯纳尔和他的主要成就。
完形填空
I was born with a heart disease.As I grew up，parts of my heart started to __1__ and I was often out of breath.So when I was eight, the doctors opened my chest to__2__ it.When they saw the state of my heart，they told my parents，“We don’t expect him to__3__the night.” I was in and out of a coma(昏迷) for three months.Every day the fact that I wasn’t __4__ was a good thing.
Finally，the doctors__5__I’d be better off at home—saying that I wasn’t going to live long.But I __6__and had something close to a __7__childhood.As a teenager，I began to __8__ heart failure again.But I was __9__to go to college，become a manager and get married to Jo.
I started my own __10__so I could work flexible(灵活的) hours，__11__Jo and I had two children：Josh and Liam.I __12__to keep a good standard of life for everyone，even when I was waking up feeling sick every morning.By January last year，my heart failure was so__13__that I often couldn’t walk more than a few yards.
I was worried about not being around for my__14__．I had to explain to Josh that the__15__telling me an organ(器官)had been found could come any time and I’d be rushed to hospital，perhaps__16__I could say goodbye.A few days later，the phone rang and Josh said，“Is that the doctor with your new__17__？” However it was __18__a salesman.
May 4 was the day when a transplant(移植) match was found.I was out of hospital within five weeks and，within a few__19__，feeling much better.By October，I was taking part in a 30－mile bike ride.
These days I spend a lot of time talking to kids with heart __20__．I want to support others who’ve had a hard time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然患有先天性心脏病，但他没有退缩，勇敢面对学习和生活，坚强地活了下去。
1．A.feel B．fail
C．improve D．work
B 解析： 根据该句中的I was often out of breath可知，作者的心脏开始衰竭。下文的heart failure为提示。
2．A.repair B．discover
C．hear D．prevent
A 解析： 根据文章第一句I was born with a heart disease.可知，医生想要修复作者的心脏。
3．A.stay B．waste
C．see D．last
D 解析： 根据下文的saying that I wasn’t going to live long可知，医生觉得作者的情况不容乐观，可能熬不过当晚。
4．A.dead B．sad
C．sick D．worried
A 解析： 根据上文的I was in and out of a coma(昏迷) for three months.可知，作者每天还活着是一件值得庆幸的事。
5．A.expected B．decided
C．required D．learned
B 解析： 根据破折号后的内容可知，医生决定作者最好还是回家(等待死亡)。
6．A.went out B．gave up
C．looked back D．carried on
D 解析： 根据上文的saying that I wasn’t going to live long和转折连词But可知，作者没有让生命很快止步，而是继续活了下去。
7．A.lucky B．normal
C．busy D．poor
B 解析： 根据下文讲述青少年和成年后的正常生活可知，作者的童年也基本和其他正常孩子一样。
8．A.stop B．accept
C．experience D．examine
C 解析： 作者青少年时期又再一次经历心脏衰竭。
9．A.ready B．likely
C．able D．sure
C 解析： 根据转折连词But可知，虽然作者在青少年时期又开始经历心脏衰竭，但他还是上了大学，成为一名经理并且结婚生子。
10．A.ride B．family
C．holiday D．company
D 解析： 根据下文的so I could work flexible(灵活的) hours可知，作者为了有灵活的工作时间自己创办了公司。
11．A.and B．but
C．since D．unless
A 解析： “创办自己的公司”和“我们有了两个孩子”之间为并列关系。
12．A.waited B．tried
C．agreed D．offered
B 解析： 根据上文叙述作者的工作和家庭经历可知，作者努力让身边的家人有高水准的生活。
13．A.easy B．quiet
C．bad D．strange
C 解析： 根据下文的that I often couldn’t walk more than a few yards可知，作者的心脏病越来越严重。
14．A.children B．parents
C．wife D．doctors
A 解析： 根据下文给儿子的解释可知，作者担心自己不能在孩子身边。
15．A.person B．letter
C．call D．note
C 解析： 根据下文的the phone rang可知，作者会随时接到有关捐献器官的电话。
16．A.when B．before
C．although D．if
B 解析： 根据上文的come any time and I’d be rushed to hospital可知，作者觉得可能会来不及和儿子告别。
17．A.heart B．bike
C．drug D．address
A 解析： 联系上下文可知，作者需要移植新的心脏。
18．A.then B．yet
C．just D．soon
C 解析： 根据转折副词However可知，电话只是一名推销员打来的。
19．A.days B．weeks
C．months D．years
C 解析： 根据该段首句May 4 was the day when a transplant(移植) match was found.和下文的October可知，作者几个月后感觉越来越好。
20．A.conditions B．problems
C．operations D．transplants
B 解析： 作者是一名心脏病患者并经历了太多痛苦，因此他要鼓励那些同样有心脏问题的孩子们。
B卷
阅读理解
A
The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896.A Frenchman, Baron de Coubertin, born in 1863, made it possible.When he was young, Coubertin had a strong interest in sports.As he grew older, he developed a belief that sports could bring people from all over the world together and encourage peace throughout the world.
Coubertin was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games.In order to persuade people to revive(使复兴) them, he traveled around the world, spending his own money.Eventually，with his hard work，in 1894，the Olympic Movement was begun.
But women were not allowed to take part in the modern Olympic Games at first.They didn’t begin to compete in the modern Olympic Games until 1900.For many years there were problems for the women athletes about what to wear，because it was considered very rude to show any part of the body or even the shape of the body！Can you imagine women trying to run and jump covered from head to foot in clothes?
When Baron de Coubertin founded the Olympic Movement, he created the International Olympic Committee(the IOC) to supervise(监管) it in 1894.He himself served as its president for 29 years.There were at first 14 members，but the committee has now grown to over 130 members, all of whom must speak either French or English.
Members of the IOC choose the next venue for the Olympic Games，which must be a city rather than a country.Only one city from each country can bid(投标) and it usually takes many years to prepare, and of course only one city can be successful!
Each country has its own National Olympic Committee(NOC)．The NOCs represent their countries at the Olympic Games and select their own national teams.
The gold medals were solid gold until 1912，but now they are silver covered with a thin layer of gold.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。现代奥运会起始于1896年，顾拜旦是奥林匹克运动复兴者。现在让我们来了解一下现代奥运会吧。
1．Coubertin wanted to revive the Olympic Games probably because ________．
A．he was crazy about competing in some sports
B．he wanted to be remembered by people through it
C．he thought such events could make Athens famous
D．he thought such events could promote world peace
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，顾拜旦复兴奥运会是因为他认为这样的活动可以促进世界和平。
2．What problem did women athletes face when competing in the Olympic Games at first?
A．They didn’t want to show any body part.
B．They had difficulty in wearing properly.
C．They didn’t have enough free time to exercise.
D．They were hardly able to afford the sports clothes.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的For many years there were problems for the women athletes about what to wear, because it was considered very rude to show any part of the body or even the shape of the body！可知，刚开始时，女运动员参加奥运会会面临着装方面的难题。
3．The underlined word “venue” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”．
A．place B．time
C．president D．medal
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段的which must be a city rather than a country可知，这里是指举办奥运会的“地点”。
4．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To introduce Baron de Coubertin to us.
B．To encourage us to watch the Olympic Games.
C．To help us know about the modern Olympic Games.
D．To describe the origin of the National Olympic Committee.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了与现代奥运会相关的一些信息，帮助我们了解现代奥运会。
B
Jamie Oliver, a lively British guy, loves to share his secrets.In his first television show, The Naked Chef, Oliver taught everyone to make simple but delicious food.In Jamie’s Kitchen, he taught young people how to prepare meals.His next show, Jamie’s School Dinners, is about changing the food that students eat.
Oliver saw that some schools in Britain were serving junk food—food that is easy to eat but unhealthy.Although it can be delicious, junk food is not very good for children.It is sometimes bad for their health, because it doesn’t give them the energy they need at school.They sometimes can’t think well or feel down, and they sometimes put on weight.
Some of the junk food that Oliver wants to change is canned spaghetti, chicken nuggets, French fries, soda, and muffins.He encourages schools to serve fresh and healthy meats, vegetables and fruit.He helps the school cooks to make healthy dinners without junk food.
People liked Oliver’s idea of bringing quality food to schools.Thousands enjoyed his television show.But Oliver wanted them to do more than just watch.At his Feed Me Better websites, he collected over 270，000 signatures (签名) from people.Oliver sent these signatures to British Prime Minister Tony Blair.Then Blair promised to help change the school kitchens, teach school cooks to make healthy food, and spend more on school dinners.Thanks to Jamie Oliver, my children will be able to enjoy more healthy meals at school.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Jamie Oliver，他是一位在电视上教人做饭的厨师，他也是一位富有责任感和正义感的厨师，为了学生们的健康做出了很大的贡献。
5．What are Jamie Oliver’s secrets about?
A．Cooking and eating.
B．How to be a good cook.
C．Exercising and sleeping.
D．Where to buy healthy food.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文中“In Jamie’s Kitchen, he taught young people how to prepare meals.His next show, Jamie’s School Dinners, is about changing the food that students eat.”可知他的秘诀是教人做饭和改善学生饮食，故选A。
6．Which of the following may Oliver like best?
A．Muffins. B．Bananas.
C．French fries. D．Chicken nuggets.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中“Some of the junk food that Oliver wants to change is canned spaghetti, chicken nuggets, French fries, soda, and muffins.He encourages schools to serve fresh and healthy meats, vegetables and fruit.”描述排除可知最喜欢的食物是香蕉，故选B。
7．Why were over 270，000 signatures collected?
A．To put healthy food in schools.
B．To keep school kitchens cleaner.
C．To lower food prices in schools.
D．To collect money for the poor.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中“People liked Oliver’s idea of bringing quality food to schools.”可知是为了给学校健康的饮食，故选 A。
8．Who might be the author of the text?
A．A student. B．Tony Blair.
C．A parent. D．Jamie Oliver.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中“Thanks to Jamie Oliver, my children will be able to enjoy more healthy meals at school.”可知这篇文章的作者是一位父亲或母亲，故选C。
七选五
Everyone has feelings of anxiety from time to time.Here are 5 ways to help manage them：
Become a relaxation expert.1.________ But sitting in front of the TV or computer isn’t true relaxation.The same is true for drinking or smoking.What the body really needs is a relaxation technique—like deep breathing, tai chi, or yoga—that has a physical effect on the mind.
Get enough sleep, food, and exercise.Want your mind and body to feel peaceful and strong enough to handle life’s ups and downs? 2.________ Eat well: Choose fruit and vegetables.And exercise so your brain and body can operate at their best.
Connect with others.3.________If you feel worried or nervous about something, talking about it with someone who listens and cares can help you feel more understood and better able to cope.You’ll be reminded that everyone has these feelings sometimes.You’re not alone.
Connect with nature.Heading out for a walk in the park or a hike in the woods can help anyone feel peaceful.4.________ Walking or hiking offers the additional benefit of exercise.
Think positive.A great way to keep our minds off the worry track is to focus our thoughts on things that are good, beautiful, and positive.5.________
A．Spend time with friends or family.
B．We all think we know how to relax.
C．It’s very important to know how to deal with anxiety.
D．People feel anxiety and nervousness for different reasons.
E．Allow yourself to dream, wish, and imagine the best that could happen.
F．Get the right amount of sleep for your needs—not too much or too little.
G．Choose somewhere you feel safe so you can relax and enjoy your surroundings.
答案：1－5.BFAGE
短文改错
I am Li Bing and studying in Guang Ming Middle School. I want to be the member of the Youth Volunteer Organization. I like all sport very much，especially basketball. I’m also interested in read and I am good at English.I thought friendship is very important to us, though I like making friends.
At school, I’m a member of the “one help one” study project in which I help others and get help others. I was used to give books and money to the children in poor areas. I hope you can get more opportunities to serve others and develop my abilities. So I will do that I can to help others.
答案：
I am Li Bing and studying in Guang Ming Middle School. I want to be member of the Youth Volunteer Organization. I like all very much，especially basketball. I’m also interested in and I am good at English.I friendship is very important to us, I like making friends.
At school, I’m a member of the “one one” study project in which I help others and get help others. I used to give books and money to the children in poor areas. I hope can get more opportunities to serve others and develop my abilities. So I will do I can to help others.
PAGE
1
Section Ⅲ Word power Task & Project
品句填词
1．The black clouds gave ____________(警告) of an approaching storm.
答案：warning
2．Teachers should ____________(劝阻) their students from smoking and drinking.
答案：discourage
3．His friend’s words ____________(鼓舞) him to try again.
答案：inspired
4．His dog became his closest ____________(伙伴) during the last years of his life.
答案：companion
5．But overall，Americans are much more ____________(乐观的) about the economy since the President took over.
答案：optimistic
6．She lives in France but has British ____________(国籍)．
答案：nationality
7．A red light is usually a ____________(信号) for danger.
答案：signal
8．The Europeans had hoped to win，and，____________(的确)，had looked like winning.
答案：indeed
9．As a soldier，he showed selfless ____________(奉献) to duty.
答案：devotion
10．Young people are fighting for ____________(生存) even before they leave school.
答案：survival
单句改错
1．The school requires students go to school in advance.____________________
答案：go前加to
2．He has been warned the danger of driving the car at high speed.____________________
答案：warned后加of
3．We ought to be focusing on discouraging kids of smoking.____________________
答案：of→from
4．I write this letter to apply to the position that you have advertised in China Daily of April 2nd.____________________
答案：第二个to→for
5．The bus got out of the control and ran into a wall.____________________
答案：去掉第二个the
完成句子
1．________________________________(如果没有这位警察的帮助)，he wouldn’t have been rescued.
答案：Without the policeman’s help
2．________________________________(不是她所说的话) but the way she said it that made me angry.
答案：It was not what she said
3．________________________________(尽管这首诗不太长), it is difficult to understand.
答案：Although the poem is not very long
4．________________________________(因为天气不好) that the sports meeting was put off.
答案：It was because of the bad weather
5．________________(不仅是) she a statesman，but she was a poet.
答案：Not only was
课文语篇改错
Yang Liwei was first Chinese whom went into space.In 15 October 2003, he carried out the journey into space.
Yang Liwei, born in 1965, became interesting in flew as a young boy.In 1983, he joined the army and went to flight school.In 1987 after graduate, he became a pilot.In 1998, he was chosen to a member of Shenzhou.Through his hard work Yang was won his position as China’s first astronaut to travel into space.
Now we Chinese are proud with Yang Liwei.Especially the young respect him as their heroes.
答案：
Yang Liwei was first Chinese went into space. 15 October 2003, he carried out the journey into space.
Yang Liwei, born in 1965, became in as a young boy.In 1983, he joined the army and went to flight school.In 1987 after ， he became a pilot.In 1998, he was chosen a member of Shenzhou.Through his hard work Yang won his position as China’s first astronaut to travel into space.
Now we Chinese are proud Yang Liwei.Especially the young respect him as their .
A卷
单句语法填空
1．The report said a bus went ____________ of control on a highway south of the city and rushed into a river.
答案：out
2．In front of the labour exchange(职业介绍所) there are many people desiring ____________(get) a job.
答案：to get
3．She required that the work____________(finish) in ten minutes.
答案：(should)be finished
4．____________(inspire) by Tom’s example to explore the North Pole, Dick dreamed of there being such a great chance for him.
答案：Inspired
5．Many people are taking part in ____________(vary )TV programs to achieve overnight success.
答案：various
6．To my excitement, the dog will become my constant ____________(company) soon.
答案：companion
7．Sun Qian, as well as her parents，____________(be) going to climb mountains on the day of Chongyang Festival.
答案：is
8．Mr.Smith has taught for many years, and all students look up ____________ him.
答案：to
9．He has been applying himself ____________ the study of traditional Chinese medical science.
答案：to
10．We tried to discourage him ____________ climbing the mountain without a guide.
答案：from
阅读理解
A
The biggest soccer organization(组织) in the U．S. introduces new rules to make the sport safer.
The U．S. Soccer Federation announced that players in its teams who are 10 or younger are no longer allowed to head the ball. Players aged from 11 to 13 have limits(限制) on how often they can practice heading.
The new rules are set to stop kids from getting hurt because of a blow to the head that shakes the brain. Players may get headaches by heading the ball. Even worse, they may also get concussions(脑震荡), which will cause lasting brain damage(脑损伤)．
Heading the ball can be one of the most dangerous parts of soccer.Sometimes the force of hitting the ball with their heads gives players concussions. But more often, players receive concussions when they jump to head the ball and by accident knock heads with other players or fall and hit their heads on the grass.
“More concussions happen during the act of heading than any other action in soccer，” says Dr. Robert Cantu, an expert on brain damage.
So far, the new rules are only used by teams that are part of the U．S. Soccer Federation. But the group says it hopes more soccer teams will soon follow its example.
Former U．S. soccer star Brandi Chastain is one of the leaders of the activity to ban(禁止) heading among young soccer players. She welcomes the rule change but wants the rule to include all players under 14.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述为防止年轻足球运动员头部受伤，美国足球联合会颁布了新的法规禁止青少年球员进行头球。
1．The new rules are made to________．
A．keep young players from being hurt
B．teach young players how to practice heading
C．make the U．S. Soccer Federation more famous
D．encourage young players to improve their skills
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段的第一句可知，颁布新法规是为了避免青少年足球运动员因为头球而受伤。
2．What is Brandi Chastain’s attitude towards the new rules?
A．She is against them.
B．She supports them.
C．She is unsure about them.
D．She doesn’t care about them.
B 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Brandi Chastain不仅是这项足球新规定运动的领导者之一，她还希望能把“禁止头球”规定的实施范围扩大到所有14岁以下的青少年。由此可知，她对足球新规定持有肯定、支持的态度。
3．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．New rules in soccer.
B．How to protect young players.
C．Brain damage becomes more common.
D．The introduction of the U．S. Soccer Federation.
A 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述针对年轻足球运动员头部受伤的情况，美国足球联合会颁布了新的法规。
B
Since I became a full－time free－lancer(自由作家), I’ve found one of the hardest things to do is to get up early.Without the danger of being fired, there just hasn’t been a lot of motivation(动机) to get out of bed.
I’ve quickly learned that getting up is the key to success and better yet: waking up early is really just a habit.
The most important thing to keep in mind is that you must have strong reasons to get out of bed.Motivation is the only thing keeping us from lying in bed all day.
Writing down all the big and important things you’ll do the next day can give you an extra push in your goal to wake up early and get up quickly.
Don’t read in bed.Spending as little time as possible in bed will actually help your body realize that the bed is for sleeping, and not for lying awake for hours.The goal of reading in bed is just to help you fall asleep within 10 minutes.
Stress is one of the main causes of poor sleep.Relax yourself before getting into bed.Try controlled breathing exercises or yoga to lower your stress level.
These are just a few ways you can use to wake up earlier.Finding the best way is the most important, and it requires a little work.The key thing is that waking up should be a pleasant experience.If you can make waking up something you are looking forward to, you’re already halfway on your journey toward becoming an early riser.
4．What do we know about the author?
A．He has a full－time job outside.
B．He likes lying in bed all day.
C．He was once fired by a company.
D．He has difficulty getting up early.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的“I’ve found one of the hardest things to do is to get up early.”我发现早起是最难的事情之一。由此可知选D项。
5．The author gives us some tips to help us ________．
A．find the key to success
B．become an early riser
C．fall asleep within 10 minutes
D．relax after a day’s hard work
B 解析：细节理解题。阅读文章可知作者教给我们一些小技巧使我们可以早起。由此可知选B项。
6．Which of the following is NOT true about doing yoga?
A．It is a good way to reduce stress.
B．It can help you sleep.
C．It can make you worried.
D．It will help you wake up earlier.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句“Try controlled breathing exercises or yoga to lower your stress level.”试着控制呼吸或练习瑜伽来降低你的压力水平。由此可知， 没有压力可以入睡， 早入睡可以早起。只有C项是不正确。由此可知选C项。
7．What is the point of getting up early?
A．Motivation. B．Experience.
C．Success. D．Ability.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Motivation is the only thing keeping us from lying in bed all day.”动机是唯一一件让我们避免整天躺在床上的事。由此可知选A项。
语法填空
Thanks to the development of science and technology, millions of smart devices(装置) 1.____________(connect) to homes around the world so far. Among 2.____________ (they), there is one that I want to call “a bright 3.____________ (technology) invention”．
How many times have you come home 4.____________ (late) than expected? It’s dark outside and, of course, you didn’t leave the lights on. You feel your way in the dark to get the key in the door, and once you open it, you have to feel around the wall, 5.____________ (search) for the light switch.
Wouldn’t it be easier to hit an application on your phone while you’re still in your car and turn on all the lights?
6．____________ the help of Philips Hue LED lights and Philips Hue Bridge smart home device, you can turn on 7.____________ off dozens of light bulbs in and around your house from a long distance.
These lights are also dimmable(可调光的), 8.____________ makes it possible for you to have softer lighting at night. Besides, they can wake you up gently by turning on 9.____________ (slow) in the morning.
You can also connect your Philips Hue light bulbs to the voice－recognizing device on your phone. In this way, you’ll be able to simply say “Hey. Turn on the lights.” 10.____________ (turn) your lights on.
1．have been connected 解析：考查现在完成时的被动语态。smart devices与connect之间是被动关系，且由so far可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have been connected。
2．them 解析：考查代词。设空处作介词Among的宾语，指代millions of smart devices，故填them。
3．technological 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰invention，表示“科技的”；故填technological。
4．later 解析：考查形容词比较级。由than可知，此处表示比较，故填later。
5．searching 解析：考查动词－ing形式作状语的用法。设空处作伴随状语，因you与search之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且search所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填searching。
6．With 解析：考查介词。with the help of...意为“在……的帮助下”。
7．or 解析：考查连词。on与off之间是选择关系，故填or。
8．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
9．slowly 解析：考查副词。设空处作状语修饰turning on，故填slowly。
10．to turn 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。说“嗨，开灯”这句话的目的是把灯打开，故填to turn。
B卷
阅读理解
At schools across the United States, students often sit down to school lunches made from foods that are high in fat and sugar. But kids at Public School (P.S.) 216 have a different dining experience. Head teacher Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating fresh fruits and vegetables.
P．S. 216 takes part in the Edible Schoolyard Project, a program started by Alice Waters in 1995. It helps public schools across the country start on－site gardens. Students grow and care for crops, harvesting(收获) the fruits and vegetables for school meals.
In a recent interview, Waters advised schools to “connect with the farmers in their area, and change their buying practices” when planning meals for students. “Instead of having a hot dog or a pizza that comes from a fast－food restaurant，” she said, “schools should buy a real hot dog that is organic(有机的), and they should buy a pizza from somebody who cares about where the foods come from.”
The students and teachers at P．S. 216 work together to keep a garden and farm in the middle of New York City. “Students are happily involved(参与) in all of the most important tasks，” said teacher Cecilia Galarraga, “including watering, planting, harvesting, etc.”
Through the Edible Schoolyard Project, students also learn about the advantages of healthy eating in the classroom. Neglia said that P．S. 216 is teaching kids about “careers(职业) in the food industry—such as farming, food safety, and the restaurant business”．
Similar classes are taking place around the country. So far, the Edible Schoolyard Project has reached more than 1 million students in more than 360 schools.
“I’m thinking about the future of the planet，” Waters said. “I’m doing this for the young generation.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帮助学校创建“可食用校园”的项目——Edible Schoolyard Project。
1．What’s Waters’ main purpose of starting the Edible Schoolyard Project?
A．To introduce nearby farmers to schools.
B．To teach students about gardening skills.
C．To prepare students for their future careers.
D．To encourage healthy eating among students.
D 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“It helps public schools ...fruits and vegetables for school meals.”以及第三段中的“Instead of having a hot dog...where the foods come from.”可知，Waters 创建的项目协助学校开垦校园果蔬园以供学生们维护并食用，她还建议学校在购买食材时要选择有机健康的，因此推断，她开创 Edible Schoolyard Project 旨在鼓励学生们健康饮食。
2．What do students think of taking part in gardening and farming activities?
A．Tiring. B．Relaxing.
C．Enjoyable. D．Unnecessary.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的“Students are happily involved(参与) in all of the most important tasks”可知，学生们在打理果蔬园和农场时非常开心。
3．What can we learn about the Edible Schoolyard Project?
A．It entered P．S. 216 in 1995.
B．It was started in New York City.
C．It was created by Donna Neglia.
D．It has been run in several hundred schools.
D 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“So far, the Edible Schoolyard Project...more than 360 schools.”可知，该项目已经惠及360多所学校中的上百万名学生。
4．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To introduce. B．To praise.
C．To advise. D．To discuss.
A 解析：写作意图题。本文介绍了 Edible Schoolyard Project，该项目鼓励学校在校园里开辟果蔬种植区，师生共同维护果蔬园，使学生们能够在享用绿色劳动成果的同时加强健康饮食的意识。
完形填空
There are three important things to be considered when choosing a job.
First, you have to __1__ that you will probably be doing this job for many years.So you need to decide whether it is something you are __2__ to do for a long period of time.__3__， if you don’t like children, you shouldn’t choose a job in __4__．But if you love children and are __5__ enough to be around them all day long, then being a teacher is a good choice.
The second important thing is the __6__ of work.If you __7__ to live in Southern USA, you will have to choose a job that is offered there.Similarly, an ice－water fishing job would not be a(n) __8__ choice if you don’t like cold weather.__9__， what countries, cities or states will you have to travel to? Are you able to live in these places without problems, such as foods that don’t __10__ you or any other kind of problem? Some jobs require you to __11__， so you should take these things into consideration when choosing the right __12__．
__13__， the advantages you will receive are another important thing to be considered.Needless to say, any employee(员工) is in need of good __14__．And you should be clear about the insurance policy of the company you want to __15__．This is especially __16__．
All these above things are of great importance __17__ you decide to take a new job.If they are carefully considered during the __18__ period, you will probably have a great __19__．So it is necessary to __20__ your long term happiness based on your job’s place and advantages.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者论述了找工作时需要考虑的三个要素。
1．A.remember B．tell
C．doubt D．regret
A 解析：在选择工作时，你要“记着(remember)”这份工作你可能会做很多年。
2．A.sorry B．tired
C．ready D．afraid
C 解析：你得考虑好是不是已经“准备好(ready)”长时间从事这份工作了。
3．A.At first B．As usual
C．In fact D．For example
D 解析：下文举的是一个例子，故填For example。
4．A.singing B．writing
C．acting D．teaching
D 解析：由该空前的if you don’t like children及下文的being a teacher可知，如果你不喜欢孩子就不应该“教书(teaching)”。
5．A.lucky B．healthy
C．patient D．proud
C 解析：如果你喜欢孩子，而且“有耐心的(patient)”和他们成天待在一起，那么当老师是个很好的选择。
6．A.art B．level
C．place D．time
C 解析：由下文的choose a job that is offered there可知，这里是说工作“地点(place)”。
7．A.refuse B．want
C．happen D．fail
B 解析：如果你“想(want)”在美国南部生活，那么就应该在那里找一份工作。
8．A.good B．natural
C．easy D．real
A 解析：由该空后的if you don’t like cold weather可知，如果你不喜欢寒冷的天气，那么冰下捕鱼这样的工作就不是一个“好的(good)”选择。
9．A.Yet B．Instead
C．Later D．Also
D 解析：此处是表并列关系，故填Also。
10．A.agree with B．play with
C．stay with D．go with
A 解析：由该空前的problems可知，这里是说饭菜不“合(agree with)”你的口味。
11．A.stay B．travel
C．sit D．stand
B 解析：一些在异地的工作要求你要“出差(travel)”，故选B项。
12．A.job B．person
C．house D．word
A 解析：上文提到去异地时应考虑的一些问题，故下文意思是：因为有些工作要求你去“出差(travel)”，所以在选择一份合适的“工作(job)”时，你得考虑上文提到的问题。
13．A.Slowly B．Nearly
C．Finally D．Recently
C 解析：本段是文章最后一个分论点，故填Finally。
14．A.advice B．pay
C．business D．education
B 解析：任何员工都需要一份好“薪酬(pay)”。
15．A.create B．find
C．manage D．join
D 解析：你应该搞清楚你想“加入(join)”的公司的保险政策。
16．A.important B．difficult
C．exciting D．interesting
A 解析：了解公司的保险政策是尤其“重要的(important)”。
17．A.though B．before
C．unless D．until
B 解析：以上所有这些问题在你决定接受一份新工作“之前(before)”都是很重要的。
18．A.test B．success
C．decision D．practice
C 解析：由上句的decide可知该空应填decision。
19．A.plan B．future
C．dream D．joy
B 解析：如果这些问题都仔细考虑过了，你可能将会拥有一个美好的“未来(future)”。
20．A.turn to B．go through
C．put off D．think about
D 解析：你有必要去“考虑(think about)”长远的幸福。
短文改错
Today is Tom’s 70th birthday, but there is anybody with him.He feels very disappointing.His sons didn’t care for him on this special day.Although the cakes are very delicious, but he doesn’t want to touch it.He just wants his children come and see him.Nowadays, many young people are so busy and independent which they seldom visit their parents.But blood is thick than water.Our dear parents brought us up for a lot of difficulty.Thus, we should and must bring happy to them when they become old.
答案：
Today is Tom’s 70th birthday, but there is with him.He feels very .His sons care for him on this special day.Although the cakes are very delicious, he doesn’t want to touch .He just wants his children come and see him.Nowadays, many young people are so busy and independent they seldom visit their parents.But blood is than water.Our dear parents brought us up a lot of difficulty.Thus, we should and must bring to them when they become old.
PAGE
1
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
A卷
单句语法填空
1．By the time the firefighters arrived, the fire ____________(burn) out.
答案：had burnt
2．She entered the room，____________(turn) on the light and found everything stolen.
答案：turned
3．If he ____________(follow) my advice, he would have succeeded.
答案：had followed
4．Hardly had he ____________(begin) to speak when the audience interrupted him.
答案：begun
5．It was the third time that he ____________(be) out of work that year.
答案：had been
6．It’s not what we do once in a while ____________ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.
答案：that
7．In the past few years she ____________ (learn)2，000 English words.
答案：has learned
8．It is ten years since he ____________(smoke)．
答案：smoked
9．He ____________(reserve)two tickets for us before he arrived at the entrance of the cinema.
答案：had reserved
10．Doctor Zhang, who ____________(study)western medicine for six years in New York, is now working in a famous hospital in Shanghai.
答案：studied
阅读理解
“I wish I grew up back in your childhood，” my 14－year－old son said to me. He has an iPhone that is newer than mine. He has many kind friends. There are many forms of entertainment today and he can find nearly all of human knowledge through the Internet. However, he wishes he grew up in the 1970s and 1980s. “Why？” I asked. My son’s answer involves freedom, risk and over－involvement(参与) of adults in kids’ lives.
My son has heard his dad tell stories of summer days at the river with his friends. They would jump off the wooden bridge into the water below. My son lives just a few blocks from the same river and the same bridge. The town hasn’t changed, but times have changed. My son knows that if he and his friends tried to jump off the bridge and swim as his dad did many times, the most likely outcome(结果) is that some kind adults would call the police.
At 14, an age at which, in generations past, most boys were contributing to the well－being of their families by working, and my son is ready, able and willing to put his skills and strength to the test in the real world. However, he, like so many other American boys and girls, is prevented by a culture that seems to have raised safety to the highest regard, without considering how a lack of risk might negatively affect kids’ development.
Let kids try some risky things—cutting the lawn; using tools and sharp knives; starting a fire; cooking—under the supervision(监管) of an adult who tells them safety rules. Allow your kids to gradually take more responsibility. A kid who helps prepare and cook meals will be better prepared to cook independently.
Above all, encourage and praise your kids’ determination. Their desire to deal with challenges and take risks will serve them well in the years to come.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。作者认为孩子应该在成人的监护下适当地去做一些冒险的事情，家长不应该一味地保护孩子。
1．Why does the author mention her son?
A．To praise her son for his creativity.
B．To encourage kids to live a simple life.
C．To introduce the topic of kids’ lacking(缺乏) chance to risk.
D．To show kids’ love for their parents’ childhood life.
C 解析：写作意图题。根据前两段的内容可知，作者通过描述儿子对父亲的童年生活的羡慕，引出文章的主题：现在的孩子缺少冒险的机会。
2．If trying to jump into the river, the author’s son would be ________．
A．warned of danger
B．stopped by the police
C．praised for his courage
D．punished seriously by his parents
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“...the most likely outcome(结果) is that some kind adults would call the police.”可知，一些好心人会报警来阻止儿子随意跳下河游泳。
3．What does the author advise parents to do?
A．Try risky things before their kids.
B．Help their kids complete risky things.
C．Let their kids know the safety rules first.
D．Supervise their kids when they are doing risky things.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“...under the supervision(监管) of an adult who tells them safety rules.”可知，孩子做冒险的事情时，父母应该在一旁看着孩子。
4．What might be the best title for this passage?
A．Let Your Kids Take A Risk!
B．Improve Your Kids’ Determination!
C．Don’t Be Afraid When Facing Challenges!
D．Share Your Childhood Life With Your Kids!
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章的内容可知，作者认为孩子应该在成人的监护下适当地去做一些冒险的事情，家长也不应该一味地保护孩子。
完形填空
One day，a poor boy named Howard Kelly who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime(一角银币) left.He was hungry so he decided to__1__for a meal at the next house.However，he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door.__2__a meal he asked for a drink of water.She thought he looked__3__so she brought him a large glass of milk.He drank it slowly，and then asked，“How much do I__4__you？” “You don’t owe me anything，” she replied，“Mother has taught me never to accept__5__for a kindness.” He said，“Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” As Howard Kelly left that house，he not only felt stronger__6__，but it also increased his faith in God and the human race.He was about to give up and__7__before this point.Years later the young woman became critically ill.The__8__doctors were baffled(受挫折)．They finally sent her to the big city，where specialists can be called in to study her__9__disease.Dr.Howard Kelly，now__10__was called in for the consultation(会诊)．When he heard the name of the town she came from，a(n)__11__light filled his eyes.__12__，he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.Dressed in his doctor’s gown he went in to see her.He__13__her at once.He went back to the__14__room and determined to do his best to save her life.From that day on，he gave special__15__to her case.
After a long struggle，the battle was__16__．Dr.Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval.He looked at it and then__17__something on the side.The bill was sent to her room.She was__18__to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off.Finally she looked，and the note on the side of the bill__19__her attention.She read these words...
“Paid in full with a glass of__20__．”
(Singed) Dr.Howard Kelly
Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently: “Thank you，God.Your love has spread through human hearts and hands.”
1．A.ask B．beg
C．wait D．look
B 解析：根据上文only had one dime(一角银币) left可知该空表示乞讨，应填beg。
2．A.Because of B．In front of
C．In case of D．Instead of
D 解析：根据第一空后面的for a meal和第二空后面的asked for a drink of water可判断该空表“代替；没有”。故应填Instead of。
3．A.upset B．thirsty
C．hungry D．sad
C 解析：男孩要的是一杯水而女士给他的是一大杯牛奶，说明女士认为他看起来饿了，因此该空应填hungry。
4．A.owe B．cost
C．lend D．own
A 解析：根据下文owe可知该空应填owe。
5．A.offer B．pay
C．help D．thanks
B 解析：妈妈教我决不要因为自己的善举而收取别人的钱。
6．A.quickly B．mentally
C．physically D．warmly
C 解析：下文介绍一杯牛奶对男孩的精神所起的作用，因此该空应填physically，表这杯牛奶对男孩身体所起的作用。
7．A.quit B．continue
C．retire D．surrender
A 解析：and具有对称性，因此该空应与give up同义，表放弃，退出，应填quit。
8．A.local B．poor
C．kind D．cruel
A 解析：下文sent her to the big city可知该空表当地的，因此应填local。
9．A.common B．ordinary
C．rare D．scarce
C 解析：这个年轻女子的病当地看不好说明其不是常见病，因此该空应填rare。
10．A.old B．famous
C．unknown D．retired
B 解析：根据常识，疑难杂症通常应由名医来会诊，因此该空应填famous。
11．A.strange B．special
C．poor D．angry
A 解析：当他听到她所来自的镇名时眼里充满了异样的目光，这可是多年来自己一直非常感激的人所在的镇！
12．A.Suddenly B．Generally
C．Unfortunately D．Immediately
D 解析：一想到可能是自己非常感激的人患了奇怪的病，他心中产生了强烈的关爱之情，于是立即起身前去看个究竟。
13．A.called B．recognized
C．remembered D．found
B 解析：根据语境可知此处表示“他立即认出了她”。
14．A.waiting B．treating
C．information D．consultation
D 解析：根据was called in for the consultation(会诊)可知该空应填consultation。
15．A.interest B．food
C．attention D．effort
C 解析：既然决定尽最大努力救治病人当然会对病人给予特殊关心。
16．A.defeated B．won
C．lost D．completed
B 解析：根据下文it would take the rest of her life to pay it off说明病人已康复，因此该空应填won。
17．A.changed B．read
C．crossed D．wrote
D 解析：the note on the side of the bill为他在账单上所写的内容，因此该空应填wrote。
18．A.excited B．afraid
C．nervous D．surprised
B 解析：分析语境可知，该空表示“不敢”，应填afraid。
19．A.caught B．called
C．paid D．caused
A 解析：catch one’s attention，吸引某人的注意，符合语境逻辑。
20．A.water B．coffee
C．milk D．ice cream
C 解析：您用一杯牛奶付清了您的治疗费。这是当年的男孩现在的名医感激她的话。
B卷
阅读理解
A
Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history.
Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, and simply because they were in the way.Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever.Hundreds more are on the danger list today.About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger.
Why should people care？Because we need animals.And because once they are gone, there will never be any more.
Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food.Every animal has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems.
For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks(鹰), the farmers’ stores of corn and grain were destroyed by mice.Why？Because hawks eat mice.With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the mice multiplied quickly.
Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals.Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem.And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger.
Quite a few countries have passed laws.These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list.Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇关于动物保护的说明文。目前，世界范围内动物的数量正在不断下降，保护动物刻不容缓。保护动物不仅是为动物，也是为我们人类自己的生存考虑。幸运的是，现在有的国家已经开始行动，例如成立保护组织或制定法律等对动物进行有效的保护。
1．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Save the Animals
B．Useful Animals
C．Laws for Animals
D．Animals in Danger
A 解析：标题归纳题。文章提到动物面临的生存现状、保护动物的必要性以及目前一些国家对野生动物所采取的保护性措施等都体现了保护动物的主题，故文章标题应是“保护动物”。
2．Animals are important to us mainly because ________．
A．they give us a source of food
B．they are beautiful and lovely
C．they keep the balance of nature
D．they give us a lot of pleasure
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的Animals are more than...in the balance of nature.可知，每一种动物的存在都是有道理的，都是为了维持自然界的平衡。
3．What is the meaning of the underlined word “multiplied”in the passage?
A．Became more. B．Became less.
C．Turned black. D．Ate food.
A 解析：词义猜测题。由画线词所在的段落可以看出，当鹰的数量因人类的捕杀而减少时，粮食受老鼠的毁坏会加重。没有鹰对老鼠的捕杀，老鼠的数量自然是增长很快，即“变得更多”。
4．We can infer from the passage that ________．
A．people have known the importance of animal protection since a long time ago
B．animals play an important role in people’s life
C．the number of hawks is on the decrease
D．many countries passed laws forbidding the killing of any animal
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段和第四段的描述可知，此前人们对于动物的保护并不关注，当然也并未意识到保护动物的重要性，故可排除A项。通过对文章第四段的理解可知动物在人们的生活中起着重要作用，故B项正确。文中提到鹰的数量由于人类的捕杀而减少，但并非现在的情况，故可排除C项。D项中提到许多国家制定了法律来禁止对一切动物的捕杀，忽略了文中on the danger list这个说法，故该项是不对的。
B
Did you know there is a substance that can kill you even if you don’t want it? Many adults and children die from it.It’s called second－hand smoke.It comes from the smoke that is breathed out by a smoker, as well as the smoke that comes from the end of burning cigarettes.It’s almost as lethal as smoking a cigarette.
Second－hand smoke contains over 4，000 chemicals, and of those, 200 are poisonous and 43 can cause cancer.It causes about 3，000 lung cancer deaths and 35，000 heart disease deaths to nonsmokers each year.Some of the chemicals breathed in are lead, formaldehyde (a poisonous, colourless gas), benzene (colourless liquid from oil) and ammonia (a smell gas)．
Every time someone lights a cigarette near you, you are being forced to breathe in all those chemicals.You can get a number of diseases—many incurable(不能治愈的)—from second－hand smoke, but it is especially dangerous for children.It is estimated that second－hand smoke is responsible for between 150，000 and 300，000 lower respiratory(呼吸的) tract(消化系统) infections(感染) in young children and because of this, between 7，500 and 15，000 children are hospitalized each year.So if you smoke, try to give up! Otherwise, avoid smoky areas and breathe fresh air.
5．The passage is written to tell us________．
A．not to smoke
B．smoking is harmful to smokers and non－smokers
C．how to give up smoking
D．smoking should be banned in public places
B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，整篇文章主要讲述了吸烟对吸烟者和被动吸烟者的危害。故选B项。
6．The underlined word “lethal” in Paragraph 1 means “________”．
A．harmful B．expensive
C．useful D．cheap
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段和第三段所描述的被动吸烟所造成的危害可知，被动吸烟者跟吸烟者本身所受到的危害同样大，所以选A项，表示同样有害。
7．Which of the following words can best describe the author’s attitude towards smoking in public?
A．Interested. B．Worried.
C．Angry. D．Sad.
B 解析：观点态度题。通过第三段的描述可以看出由于吸烟的巨大危害，作者为吸烟者感到非常担心，并建议他们不要吸烟，远离吸烟区。
8．The second paragraph mainly tells us________．
A．the great harm of second－hand smoke
B．the basic parts of smoke
C．why the number of people getting diseases keeps increasing
D．how to reduce the effect of smoke
A 解析：段落大意题。文章第二段通过几个数字和二手烟雾中所含有的有害成分来说明被动吸烟的害处。
C
Skiing has always been a big part of Mikaela Shiffrin’s life. Her dad ski raced all through college and her mom raced and coached skiing. The Shiffrins taught Mikaela and her brother, Taylor, to ski at a very young age. At two and a half years old, Mikaela made her first ski run down her driveway on plastic skis.
Mikaela loved skiing. From ages 8 to 11，she did hundreds of training runs on small hills to learn the skills of slalom skiing(障碍滑雪)．When Mikaela was 11, she began to learn at the Burke Mountain Academy, a Vermont boarding school for skiers. She took classes, studied, and practiced her skiing. According to Burke Mountain Academy headmaster Kirk Dwyer, “What separated Mikaela from others was the degree of her commitment(投入) to be the best. Mikaela practiced more than anyone and believed in herself then and now.”At age 14, Mikaela began her international career when she raced in the world championships for 13－and 14－year－olds. And she won!
By the time she was 17, she had already won her first World Cup race. “Living away from home four and five months at a time can be difficult，” Mikaela says.“But it can also be exciting. I’m getting to see the world.” When Mikaela began ski racing in Europe, her mother, Eileen, stayed with her. She worked as her high－school teacher while they were on the road.“She has always been a super－hard worker，” says Eileen.
For Mikaela, working hard is a full－time job. Even her off－season is work time. “If you want something, just try your best，” she says. At the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia，18－year－old Mikaela Shiffrin became the youngest slalom skier ever to win an Olympic gold medal.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Mikaela Shiffrin通过滑雪走向奥运冠军的历程。
9．According to the text, Mikaela________．
A．learned to ski by herself
B．was born into a skiing family
C．first skied when she was 3 years old
D．got to know slalom skiing at the age of 14
B 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的Her dad ski raced all through college and her mom raced and coached skiing.可知，Mikaela出生在一个热爱滑雪的家庭，故选B项。
10．What Kirk Dwyer said suggested that ________．
A．Mikaela was cleverer than the other kids
B．Mikaela was too young to learn skiing
C．Mikaela was a hard－working girl
D．Mikaela was a slow learner
C 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中Kirk Dwyer所说的Mikaela practiced more than anyone可知，她是一个十分用功的女孩，故选C项。
11．Who helped Mikaela with her school lessons when she traveled to Europe?
A．Her mother. B．Her father.
C．Kirk Dwyer. D．Taylor Shiffrin.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的When Mikaela began ski racing in Europe，her mother，Eileen, stayed with her. She worked as her high－school teacher可知，在Mikaela前往欧洲参加比赛时，她妈妈一直陪伴着她并且给她补习功课，故选A项。
12．What would be the best title for the text?
A．The 2014 Winter Olympic Games
B．The Burke Mountain Academy
C．An Introduction to Slalom Skiing
D．A Young Skier’s Fight for Success
D 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了Mikaela Shiffrin这位小姑娘通过滑雪走向奥运冠军的历程，故选D项。
书面表达
你接受了一项写作任务，要用英语为校报写一篇100词左右的人物介绍。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
请根据以下信息，介绍一位传奇人物。
姓名：Allan Stewart
国籍：澳大利亚
出生日期：1915年3月7日
世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位时年龄最大
学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚
第一个学位：1936年获得
第二个学位：医学博士
第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位
第四个学位：2012年通过网络学习获得，善于合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬
参考词汇：硕士学位master’s degree 博士doctor
Allan Stewart, a famous Australian legend, was born in March 7th，1915, whose confidence that it is never too late to challenge oneself made him succeed in getting four scholastic degrees and even setting a new Guinness World Record in 2006—he graduated with a master’s degree at the age of 91 as the oldest graduate.
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One possible version：
Allan__Stewart,__a__famous__Australian__legend,__was__born__in________March__7th，1915,__whose__confidence__that__it__is__never__too__late__to________challenge__oneself____made____him____succeed____in____getting____four________scholastic__degrees__and__even__setting__a__new__Guinness__World________Record__in__2006—he__graduated__with__a__master’s__degree__at________the__age__of__91__as__the__oldest__graduate.
As we know, he has experienced a significant life of constant study.Basically, he acquired his first academic qualification in 1936 and before long the second—a doctor’s degree was granted.And this aroused his significant interest in study, which led him to a great determination to study law in his eighties and successfully he got a master’s degree in this field in 2006 and eventually，he gained his another master’s degree by distance learning through the Internet in 2012, praised by his professor for his reasonable arrangements for his research.
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1
单元过关检测(三)
(时间：100分钟，满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
On her first day teaching students from poor families at an after－school program in New York City, Alyssa Kapasi noticed how many kids were lining up for free sandwiches and fruit in the school cafeteria.One of the workers explained that many of these students don’t get enough to eat at home, so a school lunch or an after－school meal might be the most food they would get all day.
Kapasi, who attends private school, was very surprised. What’s more, she made up her mind to help.“I want other kids to understand that if you see a problem, you don’t have to wait to grow up to fix it，”says Kapasi. She and a group of friends are now putting their programming skills to work to create an app called Food for Thought, which will allow parents, students, and even kind－hearted strangers to donate to a lunch account for a student in need at a nearby school.
About 20 million American kids receive free lunches. Two million more can have low－price meals, and those students’ families have to pay for part of their food. When they don’t have the money on any given day，the students might have to settle__for an “alternative(可代替的) meal”such as a cheese sandwich.
The app—which is getting financial(财政的) support from a GoFundMe page—provides anonymity(匿名)to those who receive lunch and donors.To receive help，a family will need only a recommendation(推荐) from a school teacher, and no one else has to know.
“I want to make an app that all users feel no shame in using，”says Kapasi. She hopes to test the app in a school district this fall.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国纽约市一名叫Alyssa Kapasi的女孩设计了一款应用程序来解决贫困家庭学生的饥饿问题。
1．Why does Kapasi want to create an app?
A．To teach kids how to help others.
B．To practise her programming skills.
C．To introduce her school to the public.
D．To solve the problem of hunger in schools.
D 解析：推理判断题。第一段介绍了Kapasi设计应用程序的缘由——她看到许多在学校餐厅排队领取免费食物的孩子，并了解到很多孩子在家吃不饱；再由第二段中的she made up her mind to help...to work to create an app called Food for Thought 可知，她致力于解决来自贫困家庭的学生的饥饿问题。
2．What does the underlined phrase “settle for” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Buy. B．Make.
C．Accept. D．Offer.
C 解析：词义猜测题。由前文中的About 20 million American kids receive free lunches. Two million more can have low－price meals...可知，本段介绍了美国孩子享受免费或者低价午餐的情况。对于那些没有钱支付低价午餐的孩子，他们可以得到诸如奶酪三明治之类的食物来替代午餐。
3．What should a family do if they want to get help from Food for Thought?
A．Visit a GoFundMe page.
B．Get in touch with Kapasi.
C．Be recommended by teachers.
D．Donate something else instead.
C 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的To receive help, a family will need only a recommendation(推荐) from a school teacher可知，想要获得Food for Thought帮助的家庭，只需被学校老师推荐即可。
4．What can we infer about the users of Kapasi’s app?
A．They won’t lose face in using it.
B．They will make money by using it.
C．They will know who offers them help.
D．They won’t meet their donors until this fall.
A 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的The app...provides anonymity(匿名) to those who receive lunch and donors和最后一段中的I want to make an app that all users feel no shame in using可知，该应用软件提供匿名服务，这样不会让使用者丢面子。
B
There have been big changes in the attitudes of most parents over the last few years.Physical punishment is banned(被禁止) in schools in most countries, and in many countries, there are moves to ban all physical punishment of children even at home.However, many parents still believe that they have the right to use some physical punishments to deal with certain misbehavior at certain ages.
It’s easy to find reasons to allow some physical punishments.One issue is that many parents find it very difficult to give up physical punishment completely.Parents argue that this was the way they were brought up and that it didn’t do any harm to them.They believe that for the child’s sake they have the right to discipline (惩罚) the child in any way they consider fit, including using some physical punishments.The other one is that physical punishment can be quick and effective.There is not much point reasoning with a screaming child in the supermarket.
However, there are several reasons why we should stop using physical punishment.One point is that most parents are not trained to deal with misbehaving children.They don’t have enough resources or choices to handle the situation.As a result, they immediately react by hitting the child even if there are other solutions to the problem.Another point is that unless people are challenged or forced to change their belief, they may keep following negative habits.An example is seat belt use — now most people wear seat belts without thinking, while years ago the idea of using seat belts was strange to most people.In the same way, banning physical punishment will force people to change their habits.
In conclusion, parents have to change some of their belief and ideas about how children should be raised.It is possible to avoid the use of physical force, and doing so will help us move closer to the dream of removing violence from our society.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇介绍说明文。文章介绍了家长体罚孩子的原因，并呼吁家长改变管教孩子的观念、放弃对孩子的体罚。
5．According to the first paragraph, many parents think that ________．
A．most of the children behave badly in their daily life
B．they have changed their attitudes towards their children
C．physical punishment is effective to educate their children
D．they are free to use physical punishment on their children
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, many parents still believe that they have the right to use some physical punishments to deal with certain misbehavior at certain ages.”可知，虽然体罚被禁止，但是还有一些家长仍然认为他们有权利使用一些体罚去惩罚孩子们的不合理的表现。故选D。
6．Many parents won’t give up physical punishment because ________．
A．they are disappointed with their children
B．they don’t want to hurt their children badly
C．they were brought up just in the same way
D．they don’t know what to do with their children
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Parents argue that this was the way they were brought up and that it didn’t do any harm to them.”可知，家长们没有放弃体罚，是因为他们就是这样被抚养长大的，而且这些体罚并没有给他们带来任何的伤害。故选C。
7．The author gives the example of using seat belts in order to show ________．
A．most people are used to wearing seat belts
B．people won’t change their old habits unless forced
C．seat belts are really very necessary and useful
D．it’s not difficult to change some negative habits
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Another point is that unless people are challenged or forced to change their belief, they may keep following negative habits.”及“In the same way, banning physical punishment will force people to change their habits.”可推知，除非人们被挑战或者被强迫改变他们的信念，否则他们也许还会保持那些消极的习惯，所以禁止体罚将迫使人们改变他们的习惯。故选B。
8．The main purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ________．
A．talk about a ban on using physical punishment
B．tell us we should educate our children in other ways
C．advise parents to give up using physical punishment
D．suggest physical punishment should be used at home
C 解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段指出，家长应该改变管教孩子的观念，最起码可以不使用暴力，这样可以使我们距离构建无暴力社会的梦又近了一步。由此可知，作者在建议家长放弃体罚。故选C。
C
You wake up in the morning, the day is beautiful and the plans for the day are what you have been looking forward to for a long time.Then the telephone rings, you say hello, and the drama starts.The person on the other end has a depressing(令人沮丧的) tone in his voice as he starts to tell you how terrible his morning is and that there is nothing to look forward to.You are still in a wonderful mood? Impossible!
Communicating with negative(消极的) people can wash out your happiness.It may not change what you think, but communicating long enough with them will make you feel depressed for a moment or a long time.
Life brings ups and downs, but some people are stuck in the wrong idea that life has no happiness to offer.They only feel glad when they make others feel bad.No wonder they can hardly win others’ pity or respect.
When you communicate with positive(积极的) people, your spirit stays happy and therefore more positive things are attracted.When the dagger(匕首) of a negative person is put in you, you feel the heavy feeling that, all in all, brings you down.
Sometimes we have no choice but to communicate with negative people.This could be a co－worker, or relative.In this case, say what needs to be said as little as possible.Sometimes it feels good to let out your anger back to a negative person, but all this is to lower you to that same negative level and they won’t feel ashamed of themselves about that.
Negativity often affects happiness without even being realized.The negative words of another at the start of the day can cling to(附着) you throughout the rest of your day, which makes you feel bad and steals your happiness.Life is too short to feel negative.Stay positive and avoid negativity as much as possible.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了同消极的人和积极的人交往的不同之处。
9．How can negative people have an effect on us?
A．By telling us the nature of life.
B．By influencing our emotion.
C．By comparing their attitude to life with ours.
D．By changing our way of thinking.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第一、二段可得知， 与消极的人交谈会使自己感到郁闷， 所以消极的人是会影响到我们的情绪和情感的。
10．Some negative people base their happiness on ________．
A．other people’s pity for them
B．building up a positive attitude
C．making other people unhappy
D．other people’s respect for them
C 解析：细节理解题。从第三段的“They only feel glad when they make others feel bad.” 可推断出消极的人是把自己的快乐建立在别人的痛苦之上。
11．According to the passage, to reduce negative people’s influence on us, we are advised ________．
A．to change negative people’s attitude to life
B．to show our dissatisfaction to negative people
C．to communicate with negative people as little as possible
D．to make negative people feel ashamed of themselves
C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的In this case, say what needs to be said as little as possible.得出答案选C。
D
The ships and life jackets(救生衣) were ready.Now I just had to wait for my little brother，Daniel.His lungs had only 40 percent of the breathing capacity(量)of an ordinary teenage boy.Every morning，evening and night，he did some breathing treatments.Daniel was fourteen—only four years younger than me—but I made it my business to look out for him.Friends who were coughing had to stay away until they were well.If not，it would mean a trip to the hospital if Daniel caught a cold.Many people said I was overprotective，but I knew it was my responsibility to keep him healthy.I was like Daniel’s guardian angel(守护神)，though he probably didn’t know it.
I climbed into my seat and waited.When he was breathing better，we made our way past the cliffs(峭壁) that lined the shore.Cliffs rose on either side of us，the water breaking against them.The ocean was mad，but it was no trouble for us with rowing(划桨)experience.We felt surprised at the beauty of the scene—clear blue sky and calm breeze.
“Whoa，” Daniel said，looking up.In minutes the blue sky became windy and dark.Waves hit the shore and our ships went up and down in the wave.I looked back at Daniel to make sure he was okay and he was.
I got a bit too close to a rock on my left side.But before I could move away，a strong wave swept up my ship and pushed me toward the very rock I was trying to avoid.I tried to slow down and keep my balance.But I was headed right for the rock! Suddenly，my ship was ripped(裂开)by the rock from under me.I fell into the water.Everything was white.After my head broke the surface，I looked around but my ship was nowhere to be seen.The waves were too strong.I could hardly move.The water pulled me and pushed me at its will.
I could see my brother 30 yards away.He was just away from the dangerous white water and rocks，still upright，in his ship.If he came closer，he would fall into the water，too.He wouldn’t have the strength to fight.But Daniel was already on his way，rowing as fast as he could.I caught hold of the back of his ship.Breathing hard，Daniel pulled me toward the ship.He struggled and could hardly breathe but kept rowing.
Finally my feet touched the shore.It took Daniel a while to get his breath back.We shared a quick hug and we both lay on the shore.
Looking at Daniel，I thought of something.
12．We can learn from the first paragraph that Daniel ________．
A．has known that his brother will protect him
B．will soon go to hospital
C．is well protected by his old brother
D．had his lungs operated on
C 解析：细节理解题。从第一段“Many people said I was overprotective，but I knew it was my responsibility to keep him healthy.”中可选出答案，其余均没有依据。
13．According to the passage，the author and Daniel ________．
A．were both good at rowing
B．both did well in swimming
C．were disappointed at the view
D．planned to climb the cliffs
A 解析：细节理解题。从第二段“I climbed into my seat and waited.”可知兄弟俩在船上，以及“but it was no trouble for us with rowing(划桨)experience.”可知两人擅长划船。
14．Why was the author’s ship broken?
A．Because his falling down in the ship made the ship break.
B．Because a strong wind made his ship turn over in water.
C．Because his ship knocked into the shore on his left side.
D．Because his ship hit a rock as a result of a strong wave.
D 解析：细节理解题。从第四段“I got a bit too close to a rock on my left side.But before I could move away，a strong wave swept up my ship and pushed me toward the very rock I was trying to avoid.”可知作者的船撞到了礁石上。
15．We can learn from the last paragraph that ________．
A．the author also had a guardian angel, his brother
B．a friend in need is a friend indeed
C．rich rowing experience is important
D．the author had the responsibility to protect Daniel
A 解析：细节理解题。第一段中作者极力要保护弟弟，而最后三段却描写了弟弟保护了哥哥，致使作者的思想发生了变化。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Celebrate World Environment Day
World Environment Day is a yearly event held to raise global sense of the need to protect our world.16.________ People consider it a climax(高潮) of environmental activities being performed all year round by UNEP.Be a part of the celebrations to make our world cleaner, greener and brighter.
Find out what the WED environmental theme is internationally for the year.For example, in 2011, it is the international Year of the Forest, thus a front page focus on forests and trees on the site.If the theme inspires you, consider planning your event around the theme.17.________
Check out the activities that are already planned in your area, region or country.You might like to join in what has been planned, or even help out if you’re early enough to become a part of the volunteers for the event.18.________
Consider holding your own WED event.19.________ You could enthuse your neighbourhood street, your friends, your local community, your school, a group of businesses or the media to become involved too.
20．________ Do a study of your energy usage, your living habits and your use of unsustainable(不可持续的) products and make a list of ways you intend to control your unsustainable activities and habits and replace them with sustainable ones.
A．You will expect extra exciting activities.
B．Use the Internet to search for WED events near you.
C．If you don’t mind a little planning and effort, why not organize your own?
D．Make today that you choose to adopt an eco－friendly lifestyle.
E．Check out which country is the host country for WED.
F．If you have another environmental theme that you’re really into, that’s okay too!
G．Known as WED for short, it is run by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)．
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述如何响应国际环境日，对进行什么环保活动给出建议。
16．G 解析：空格上文讲述为了唤起人们保护世界的意识，世界环境日每年举行。空格下文讲述人们认为世界环境日是联合国环境规划署全年举行的环境活动的高潮。因此推断空格处选G项“它简称为WED，它是由联合国环境规划署运行的”符合语境，此处it指世界环境日。故选G。
17．F 解析：本段建议要了解国际环境保护日的主题。空格上文阐述如果这个主题鼓舞你，那么考虑围绕主题规划你的庆祝活动，因此推断空格处选F项“如果你有喜欢的环保主题，也是好的”符合语境。故选F。
18．B 解析：本段建议你核查一下你的地区或者国家已经有什么计划。空格上文阐述你可能想要参加某个计划，或者作为志愿者帮忙，因此推断空格处选B项“使用网络搜索你附近举行的国际环境日活动”符合语境。故选B。
19．C 解析：本段建议你考虑举行你自己的环境日活动。空格下文讲述你可以让你的社区，你的朋友，你的学校，或者媒体等都参与，因此推断空格处选C项“如果你不介意一点点的规划和努力，为什么不自己组织自己的活动”符合语境。故选C。
20．D 解析：空格处是本段标题。本段主要阐述研究你的能源使用情况，你的生活习惯和不能持续产品的使用情况，列出你打算控制使用的可持续能源代替不可替代能源的方法名单。因此推断本段建议让今天成为你采用环保生活方式的开始。故选D。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two months ago we were staying in the city of Hyderabad for a holiday. One day, along with my__21__， I went to the Cake Castle.I took out my__22__from my bag to pay for what I bought and then we__23__our hotel.
While we were__24__ back to the hotel, I got a call from a__25__number. It was my hotel manager who__26__me that someone called them saying that I’d left my purse in the Cake Castle. He__27__the number of that person.Only after that call did I know that my purse was__28__， so I immediately called that person. He said voluntarily he could send my purse back to the hotel.How__29__I was！After some words to express my__30__， I said，“Let’s__31__in the hotel hall.” I went there along with my friend. I was__32__because I didn’t know that person and it was a new city for me.And the purse was of vital importance for me__33__my gold earrings which cost around $800 and my ATM cards were all in it.
In the hall, I met that person who handed me my purse and asked me to__34__my belongings, which were totally__35__．After giving back my purse, he left__36__， even before I knew his name.Later I came to know that he was__37__a customer of the Cake Castle.After seeing that purse, he__38__it and found the bill of my hotel, from which he knew my hotel phone number.__39__my earrings is a big event, so he went to my hotel at once.That day I__40__that kind humanity(人性) really exists everywhere.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在外地旅游时不小心将装有金耳环与银行卡的钱包丢失了。幸好钱包里有她的酒店账单，好心人给她住的酒店打电话，酒店的人找到了她，使得她的钱包失而复得。
21．A.colleagues B．friend
C．parents D．husband
B 解析：根据后文的I went there along with my friend.可知，作者与她的朋友(friend)外出在一个陌生城市度假并去了那里一个叫Cake Castle的蛋糕店。
22．A.cellphone B．card
C．money D．purse
D 解析：根据后文的 someone called them saying that I’d left my purse in the Cake Castle可知，此处为后文故事埋下伏笔：作者从她的包里拿出钱包(purse)付钱。
23．A.left for B．arrived at
C．looked for D．called up
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者买完东西后便动身前往(left for)她们住的酒店了。
24．A.running B．flying
C．traveling D．escaping
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者在回酒店的途中接到了一个陌生人的电话。traveling符合语境。
25．A.common B．wrong
C．strange D．different
C 解析：作者因旅游住在那家酒店，因此她不认识酒店经理，所以那个电话号码对她来说应该是陌生的(strange)。
26．A.warned B．informed
C．promised D．criticized
B 解析：酒店经理通知(informed)作者说有人给他们打电话说作者将她的钱包遗失在蛋糕店里了。
27．A.noticed B．offered
C．recorded D．required
B 解析：根据后文的 so I immediately called that person可知，酒店经理主动给作者提供了(offered)那个拾到钱包的人的电话号码。
28．A.gone B．stolen
C．found D．broken
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者在接到酒店经理的电话后才知道她的钱包不见了(gone)。
29．A.special B．careless
C．excellent D．lucky
D 解析：根据前文的 He said voluntarily he could send my purse back to the hotel.可知，拾到钱包的人主动说可以将钱包送到作者住的酒店，作者觉得自己很幸运(lucky)。
30．A.regret B．anger
C．appreciation D．anxiety
C 解析：拾到钱包的人很热心，所以作者说了几句感激(appreciation)的话。
31．A.wait B．talk
C．meet D．stay
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者与那个人约定在酒店的大厅会面(meet)。
32．A.bored B．scared
C．embarrassed D．confused
B 解析：根据后文的 because I didn’t know that person and it was a new city for me可知，作者不认识那个拾钱包的人，况且她是在一个陌生的城市里，所以她感到害怕(scared)。
33．A.because B．if
C．though D．when
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者的钱包对她而言至关重要，因为(because)她的金耳环和银行卡都在里面。
34．A.pack B．weigh
C．check D．describe
C 解析：根据语境可知，拾钱包的人归还了作者的钱包，并让作者核实(check)钱包里的物品。
35．A.new B．safe
C．similar D．tidy
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者钱包里的物品完好无损(safe)。
36．A.immediately B．seriously
C．politely D．casually
A 解析：根据后文的 even before I knew his name 可知，归还作者的钱包后，那人便立即(immediately)离开了，作者甚至都没来得及知道他的名字。
37．A.still B．also
C．instead D．even
B 解析：后来，作者了解到那个人跟作者一样，也(also)是那家蛋糕店的顾客。
38．A.hid B．ignored
C．covered D．opened
D 解析：根据后文的found the bill of my hotel 可知，那个人拾到作者的钱包后应该是打开了(opened)钱包，发现其中有作者所住酒店的账单，就从中找到了酒店的电话号码。
39．A.Discovering B．Protecting
C．Returning D．Repairing
C 解析：根据后文的 so he went to my hotel at once 可知，那个人认为归还(Returning)作者的耳环是件大事情，所以他立马来到了作者住的酒店。
40．A.realized B．admitted
C．predicted D．explained
A 解析：作者的钱包失而复得，这使她意识到(realized)：善良的人性到处存在。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.It 41.____________(be) unimaginable that it could be ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 42.____________(actual) caught fire and burned.Now, years later，this river is one of 43.____________ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But river near wasn’t changed in a few days 44.____________ even a few months.It took years of work 45.____________(reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 46.____________(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit 47.____________ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use.When you face such impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are 48.____________(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 49.____________(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 50.____________(patience)．
【解题导语】 这篇文章讲的是治理河流污染的。河流被污染不是一朝一夕造成的，所以治理污染也需要耐心。
41．was 解析：根据本段第一句“In 1969，the pollution was terrible”可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。“the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland”在过去被污染地如此地严重，过去没有人能够想象到这条河被清理干净。故答案为was。
42．actually 解析：本句中使用副词“actually”作状语修饰谓语动词“caught fire”，“actual”是形容词，不能在句中作状语，通常只作定语或者表语修饰名词。故答案为actually。
43．the 解析：本句横线后面的“most”是最高级的形式，这条河流是治理污染最突出的例子，所以使用“the most outstanding”的形式。故答案为the。
44．or 解析：句意：但是这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。本句中的“或者”表示选择的意思。故答案为or。
45．to reduce 解析：It takes somebody some time to do something意思是做某事花了某人多长时间。句意：减少工业污染花费了数年的时间。句中的不定式“to reduce industrial pollution and clean the water”是句子真正的主语，前面的it是形式主语。故答案为to reduce。
46．cleaner 解析：句意：最后人们的努力得到了回报，现在这条河比以前更干净了。横线后面有“than”，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式。故答案为cleaner。
47．which/that 解析：本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a habit，定语从句中使用关系代词that/which指代先行词在句作主语。故答案为which/that。
48．amazing 解析：现在分词转换的形容词常常修饰事物，过去分词转换的形容词常常修饰人或者与人有关的事物。横线后面是名词story，说明应该使用现在分词转换的形容词。故答案为amazing。
49．changes 解析：本句中谓语部分是系动词are，说明主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以使用changes。故答案为changes。
50．patient 解析：横线前面有系动词be，说明本句是一个祈使句“be patient”。因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们要耐心一点。故答案为patient。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
During the weekend I travelled by the air for the first time in my life.I usual travel by train or bus.It’s all cheaper and safer.But to fly in the sky was something new to me.At the end I felt a little nervous.But very soon I became exciting when I found me high up in the sky among the clouds.I also found that mountains, fields, river and so on was interestingly small.I enjoy the frightening and comfortable journey very much.After all, it is more interesting take a plane than to take a car.
答案：
During the weekend I travelled by air for the first time in my life.I travel by train or bus.It’s cheaper and safer.But to fly in the sky was something new to me.At the I felt a little nervous.But very soon I became when I found high up in the sky among the clouds.I also found that mountains, fields, and so on interestingly small.I the frightening and comfortable journey very much.After all, it is more interesting take a plane than to take a car.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
请根据以下内容， 以“Chopin—a Great Musician”为题， 写一篇100词左右的英语短文， 介绍著名的音乐家肖邦。
内容包括：
1．肖邦是世界闻名的作曲家和钢琴家。他一生创作了近200首深受人们喜爱的乐曲。1810年， 肖邦出生于波兰。
2．肖邦最初接触音乐是跟随母亲学钢琴。肖邦在很小年纪就创作出了一系列作品， 充分展现了他非凡的音乐天赋。
3．16岁时， 肖邦进入华沙音乐学院学习， 师从德国音乐家约瑟夫·艾尔斯内(Józef Elsner)。
4．离开华沙音乐学院后， 肖邦到了当时的音乐圣地——维也纳。在那里， 他不仅举办了多场音乐会， 还发表了不少音乐作品。
5．1849年， 肖邦逝世于巴黎的寓所中， 结束了短短39年的生命。
参考词汇：作品composition 华沙音乐学院the Warsaw Conservatory of Music 寓所dwelling
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One possible version：
Chopin—a Great Musician
Chopin, a world－famous composer and pianist in modern times, created nearly 200 musical compositions and they are still popular among people nowadays.He was born in Poland in 1810.
His early training began at home, including receiving piano lessons from his mother.At the very early age, Chopin had created a series of musical compositions, showing outstanding musical talent.When Chopin was sixteen, he attended the Warsaw Conservatory of Music, directed by German composer Józef Elsner.After that, Chopin went to Vienna, the unquestioned centre of music at that time, where he gave piano concerts and had lots of his works published.
In 1849, Chopin died at the age of 39 in the dwelling of Paris.
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