走向2020年中考英语考场第二轮复习 阅读理解 选择类型（2）—— 推理判断（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台


走向2020年中考英语考场
《走向2020年中考英语考场第二轮复习》根据大纲和中考要求编写而成的。复习内容含“选择填空”，“完形填空”，“阅读理解”，“补全对话”，“书面表达”五部分。 根据每部分的复习内容，设计了《试题特点》、《考点归纳》、《解题思路》、《实例分析》、《能力检测》等栏目，旨在帮助考生掌握考试依据，把握中考脉动，认识命题技术，提升解题能力，做到科学备考。《能力检测》训练题主要从2019年中考英语试题中精选出来的 ，针对性强，并附有答案，供同学们查对，以求及时反馈与纠正。

第二轮复习

阅读理解 选择类型（2）—— 推理判断


推理是阅读理解考试中常用的技巧之一，它要求考生在通篇理解文章的前提下，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。它必须忠实于原文；要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想象，随意揣测；它要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。只有吃透文章的字面意思，推理才有前提和基础。
推理题常见的提问方式：
We can conclude from the passage that__________________.
It can be inferred from the passage that______________________
The writer suggests that________________.
What is the real meaning of the doctors’ words?

做这种题要从以下几方面入手：
（1）推断隐含意义
有时作者在文章中没有将某一个问题直接地陈述出来，而是暗含其中，对所隐含的意义进行推断。解题时，要求考生要仔细阅读，需要考生忠实原文，吃透意思，在文章中找到问题涉及的有关信息、关键词，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据、透过表面的文字、通过分析、思考、做出合乎情理的推断。
(2) 推断作者观点。
要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推理的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。
（3）推断文章出处。根据短文的内容或结构来判断其出处，报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称；广告：其格式特殊，容易判断；产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用的时间、次数、用量等。

I was born disabled. A difficult birth, feet first, my head stuck. By my first birthday, I couldn’t stand or walk. When I was three, thedoctor told Dad I had cerebral palsy(脑瘫). A loss of oxygen to my brain has destroyed brain signals to the right side of my body.
But no son of my dad’s was going to be disabled. Every morning before breakfast and every evening before bed, my dad placed me on the bedroom floor to exercise my right leg. Back and forth, up and down, my dad pushed and pulled the muscles(肌肉) into shape.
But my dad’s exercise of love didn't stop there. For my 13th birthday, he threw me a special party. When everybody was gone, he brought me to open a large box; it was a set of boxing gloves. We put them on. My dad kept on beating me hard. Each time I tried to get up, the gloves kissed my nose and eyes. I asked him to stop. He said he beat me to get me ready for the tough world.
That same year, I was the only kid in my neighborhood that wasn’t picked for Little League. Two weeks later, Dad decided to teach me how to become a football player himself and we began to practice.
The power of my dad’s love made it possible for me to walk and do other things like a normal child. In high school, I became a football ster.
In 1997, a brain doctor told me I didn't have cerebral palsy at all. He explained how and where the doctor’s forceps(镊子) at birth had damaged my brain.
My dad never knew the whole truth since he had passed away years before. But that's not important; because of his love and madness, I’m no longer disabled.
56. What do we learn from the passage?
A. The author has a talent for boxing.
B. The author became a basketball star with the help of his father.
C. The author achieved a lot because of his father’s love.
D. The author doesn’t think his father should be so strict with him
57. Paragraph 3 suggests that the author's father ____________ .
A. wouldn’t give up hope easily
B. didn’t give his son any love
C. blamed(责备) the doctors for his son’s disability
D. did nothing but accept the fact that his son was disabled
58. The author wrote the passage to ___________ .
A. give advice to the parents of disabled children
B. encourage disabled children
C. show life can be very hard for a disabled child
D. remember his father
解析：
本文作者以其亲身经历向读者讲述了一个感受人的故事：由于出生时的医疗事故，作者不幸患上了脑瘫，但父亲并没有放弃，而是通过对其坚持不懈的训练，使作者康复起来，并成了学校的中球明星。作者通过本文表达了对已逝父亲的感激与怀念。
56. 通读全文可知，父亲把自己的脑瘫儿子训练成了学校的足球明星。由此可知，作者因父爱收获了许多。答案为C。
57. 第三段主要讲述了父亲对儿子进行的肢体训练，由此可知，父亲对患脑瘫的儿子没有放弃希望。答案为A。
58. 根据最后一段内容可知，作者写这篇文章的意图就是纪念已去世的父亲。答案为D。

（一）
(2019年广州中考试题，保留原题号）
An elephant and a crocodile were once standing beside river. They were disputing which was the better animal。
“Look at my strength,” said the elephant. “I can pull up a tree, roots and all, with my trunk.”
“Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine,”replied the crocodile. “No knife or tooth can cut through it.”
Just as they were coming to blows, a lion happened to pass.
“My dear friends!” said the King of all animals, going up to them. “Let me know the cause of your disagreement.”
“Will you kindly tell us which is the better animal?”cried both at once.
“Certainly,” said the lion, pointing across the river. “Do you see the soldiers metal hat on that wall?”
“Yes!” replied the beasts.
“Well, then,” continued the lion, “go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to decide between you.”
Upon hearing this, off they started, The crocodile, being used to the water, reached the opposite side of the river first, and was soon standing beside the wall.
Here he waited till the elephant came up.The elephant, seeing that the crocodile had no way of reaching their goal, raised his long trunk, and took down the hat quite easily.
They then made their way together back again across the river. The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and became careless. When he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom The crocodile noticed the accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his huge mouth. They then returned, and the crocodile laid the metal hat at the lion's feet. The King took it up, and turning to the elephant, said:
“You, because of your size and trunk, were able to reach the hat on the wall but, having lost it,you were unable to get it back. And you, said the lion to the crocodile, “although unable to reach the hat, were able to dive for it and save it. You are both wise and able in your own ways. One is no better than the other.”
26. The underlined word “disputing” in Paragraph I means___________.
A. playing B quarrelling C complaining D. deciding
27. What did the crocodile think was best about himself?
A. His big mouth B. His strong skin
C. His swimming skill D His dangerous teeth
28. How did the lion deal with the animals disagreement?
A. He ordered them to fight. B. He made a quick decision.
C. He suggested a competition. D. He asked them to describe themselves.
29. What caused the elephant to drop the hat?
A. The hat got wet in the river. B. He hit a floating tre.
C. He was trying to swim too fast. D. He wanted to fight the crocodile.
30. How were the elephant and the crocodile able to complete their task?
A. By working together B. planning carefully
C. By sharing their ideas D. By listening to the lion
（二）
(2019年武汉中考试题，保留原题号）
A

56. The material above is mainly about .
A. The New YorkTimes B. “36 Hours” guides
C. an introduction to “Explorer” D. prices of the new books
57. The two books cover subjects.
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
58. “TASCHEN” in the material refers to .
A. the name of a writer B. the sign of dream trips
C. a store that sells books online D. a company that produces books
59. What can we learn about the books from the material?
A. They are very expensive.
B. They are well designed and made.
C. They are sold by a team of writers.
D. One of them is about ‘Beaches’, ‘Islands’and ‘Deserts’.
60. What the book series describes has something to do with .
A. journeys B. readers C. lifestyles D. advertisements
（三）
(2019年苏州中考试题，保留原题号）
School holiday activities at the library
Activity When Cost Who Cartooning with Eva LeungTuesday 7 June, 9-11 a.m.﹩3.00 to. cover the cost of art paper and pencils 5 to 8-year-olds
Activity When Cost Who Cartooning with Eva LeungWednesday 8 June, 9-11 a.m. $3.00 to cover the cost of art paper and pencils9 to 10-year-olds
Eva Leung is famous for her cartoons published regularly in KIDStime magazine
Activity When Cost Who Kite-makingWednesday 8 June, 2-4 p.m. $3.00 to cover the cost of paper, string and other materials 5 to 10-year-olds
Activity When Cost Who Kite-makingThursday 9 June, 2-4 p.m. $3.00 to cover the cost of paper, string and other materials 5 to 10-year-olds
21. Who is this poster for?
A. Cartoonists B. Librarians C. Writers D. Children
22. On which day are there two different activities?
A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday D. Thursday
23. Why are there two cartooning classes on the program?
A. Because the classes are for different age groups.
B. Because more time is needed to learn cartooning
C. Because there is a strict limit on numbers for each class.
D. Because some children might want to do both the classes.
（四）
（2019年昆明中考试题，保留原题号）
Many Chinese mothers are afraid that their children will fall behind their classmates,so these mothers are becoming “tiger mothers”. They believe the harder their children study, the happier life they will have in the future. Is it true? Lulu and her sister Sophia may have a say.
Lulu and Sophia have a “tiger mother”. She pushed them a lot when they were young. For example, they were not allowed to get grades lower than A’s.They had to practice the piano or violin for several hours a day. There were no games or TV.
The tiger mother, Amy, is a Chinese-American professor at Yale Law School in the USA.Several years ago, she wrote a book named Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother and shared her strict parenting style(育儿方式)in it.
Many people don’t like Amy’s style of parenting. They once worried that her daughters would not be happy. However, the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother.Sophia has just graduated from Yale University. She is hard-working, friendly and helpful. Not long ago, she shared some useful studying tips online. Lulu is also a warm, smart and popular girl her friends eyes. She said tiger mothers believed that a child could succeed by being pushed to go all out.
Still, not everyone agrees with the tiger mother’s parenting style. In fact, there isn’t a parenting style that fits everyone. What’s the best parenting style for you? Maybe you should work it out together with your parents.
56.According to the passage, “tiger mothers” .
A.don’t mind their children falling behind their classmates
B.don’t care about their children’s feelings when they grow up
C.believe pushing their children hard can help them succeed
D.believe the more happily the kids study, the harder their life will be
57.What can we know about Amy?
A.She is teaching in China. B.She loves playing the violin.
C.She is the mother of of the two girls. D.She is liked by many people.
58.In Lulu and Sophia’s opinion, their mother is .
A.great B.worried C.humorous D.hateful
59. What can we infer(推断) from the passage?
A.You can find tiger mothers only in China.
B.Lulu graduated from Yale University, too.
C.Sophia is not a popular girl in her friends'eyes.
D.Different children need different parenting styles
60.Which of the following is probably the title?
A.Lulu and Sophia B.Do you want a tiger mother?
C.Chinese Mothers D.How can you become a tiger mother?
（五）
（2019年长沙中考试题，保留原题号）
Recently, a junior high school sent several students back home because they broke the school uniform rules. Should students wear school uniforms? The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic.
Kennedy: The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out of my way to study hard. It also helps prevent school bullying（欺凌）. If everyone wears the same clothes, it is impossible to laugh at other people’s clothing.
Manson: The uniform has to be earned（获得）through efforts. Students should start school with no uniforms. As they make progress at school, they start wearing it. I always think children need to be proud of their school. The uniform is important for that. So, make students earn it! If they don’t perform well, they should not be allowed to get one.
Moorhead: In my opinion, kids don’t have to wear uniforms. There should be more choices open to kids in education. They ought to develop their own independence and just be themselves.
Their personalities would be expressed through their own clothes at school. And different dress could be one way of showing their understanding of beauty. Besides, they make the school lively and colorful.
Patrick: I can see the advantages of wearing school uniforms. They play a very important role in managing schools. However, a school should not depend heavily on uniforms to improve students’ behaviors. Teaching them how to express themselves with confidence（信心）is more important.
46.What does the writer mean to do in Paragraph 1?
A.Present an opinion on a subject.
B.Introduce a topic for discussion.
C.Provide a way to solve problems.
47.What is Kennedy in the second paragraph?
A.A student. B.A teacher. C.A parent.
48.In Manson’s opinion, ___________ .
A.students have the right to get school uniforms for free
B.students should be encouraged to earn school uniforms
C.students performing well needn’t wear school uniforms
49.According to Patrick, what is more important?
A.Managing schools by uniforms.
B.Improving students’ behaviors.
C.Helping students express themselves confidently.
50.We can learn from the text that ___________ .
A.Kennedy can’t stand school uniforms
B.Moorhead is against school uniform rules
C.the writer holds the same opinion as Patrick’s
（六）
（2019年河北中考试题，保留原题号）
Tony, a nine-year-old kid, is sitting at his desk when suddenly he wets(尿湿) his pants. He thinks his heart is going to stop because he can’t possibly know how this has happened. It has never happened before. He knows the after-effect (后果)—When the boys find out, he will never hear the end of it. When the girls find out, they’ll never speak to him again as long as he lives.
　　Tony puts his head down and say to himself, “Oh, no. What can I do? I need help now!”
　　He looks up and notices the teacher coming, with a look in her eyes that says he has been discovered.
　　As the teacher is walking to him, a classmate named Emily is carrying a glass that is full of water. Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tony’s pants. Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, “Thank you, dear! Thank you , dear!”
　　Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughs at, Tony is the person of sympathy (同情). The person that everyone laughs at should be him, but now it is Emily.
　　She tries to help, but they tell her, “You’ve done enough, you stupid!”
　　At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus, Tony walks over to Emily and says in a low voice , “ You did that on purpose, didn’t you ?”
　　Emily says back in a quiet voice, “I wet my pants ,too.”
49. What does Tony think the other boys will do if they find out the fact?
A. They’ll all laugh at him. B. They’ll tell the teacher about it.
C. They’ll try to help him. D. They’ll never speak to him again.
50. Which is right according to the passage?
A. Emily drops the water on purpose. B. Tony is really angry with Emily.
C. Tony and Emily don’t go home by bus. D. Tony and Emily aren’t classmates.
51. We know that Emily is a_________ girl from the passage?
A. careless and lazy B. quiet and bright
C. stupid and helpless D. kind and smart
（七）
(2019年衡阳中考试题，保留原题号）
Inventions usually make a big difference to people's lives. Do you have any great inventions at home? Do they help you a lot in your life or bring you much fun? Here are some of the most useful inventions in families according to a survey.
The most helpful and creative invention for kids is the reading pen. With the specially-designed pen, kids find it convenient and fun to learn. Little kids can learn a lot including story-telling, poems and music. They start learning by touching the contents in the books with the pen. This way kids can learn by themselves. They are also great helpers for primary school students after school.
Mopping robots（扫地机）are popular with people who are too busy to do housework. They are more popular with office ladies. They can help people clean dirt, dust and hair easily. With the help of them, people don’t need to spend much time on housework. They can enjoy a more relaxing life after work.
As for old people, an electric foot basin (电动洗脚盆) is the best invention. It’s a good choice to buy one for your grandparents. It can help keep their blood pressure normal and improve blood circulation (循环) . The special basin can keep the water help old people become healthier and warm. So washing feet with it will more relaxed.
36. It is __________ for kids to learn with the reading pen.
A. boring B. convenient C. difficult
37. The three useful inventions are mainly used _______________.
A. at school B. in the office C. at home
38. Mopping robots are popular with _____________________.
A. kids B. office ladies C. old people
39. Old people can keep their blood pressure normal by ________________.
A. using the electric foot basin
B. listening to music with the reading pen
C. enjoying the mopping machine working
40. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?
A. The water won't get cold when the electric foot basin is used.
B. It’s dangerous for kids to use the reading pen alone.
C. Mopping robots can help people forget their busy life.
（八）
（2019年潍坊中考试题，保留原题号）
When he was a teenager ,Hunter Adams was very unhappy ,and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental(精神的) health problems .
When he left hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor, so he went to Medical School in Virginia, USA ,But when he was there he did things in a different way .For example ,he didn’t like the doctor’s white coats .he preferred to wear shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients ,and he tried to make them laugh.The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams very much because he was to different.
But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine .He saw unhappy and lonely people ,and he tried to help them as patients,but as people too .He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital ,and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh.
When he finished medical school and became a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital ,called “the Gesundheit Institute”, together with some other doctors.They wanted it to be a place in a different way of working with sick people .
Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s, and in 1998 ,Universal Pictures made a film about his life. It was very successful .In the film(called Patch Adams), Robin Williams played Adams .Williams said,” Hunter is a really warm person ,who believes that patients need a doctor who’s friend. I enjoyed playing him.”
4. What probably made Hunter decide to be a doctor ?
A. His interest in medicine B. His idea to open a hospital
C. His early experience as a teenager D. His love for the lonely children around
5. How was Hunter different from other doctors ?
A. He was famous before working in hospital
B. He liked to wear shirts with flowers in them every day
C. He treated his patients as friends in every way possible
D. He was good at dealing with people who were mentally ill.
6. What does the underlined word “clown” in paragraph 3 probable mean ?
A. 木偶 B. 小丑 C. 外星人 D. 蜘蛛侠
7. What can we know from Robin Williams words ?
A. He thought highly of Hunter .
B. Every doctor needs a patient friend
C. He became a warm person ever after
D. A good actor makes a successful film .
Key:
（一）26-30 BBCCA (提示：29, 30题为推理判断题）
（二）56-60 CCDBA（提示：59, 60为推理判断题）
（三）21-23DCA （提示：21为推理判断题）
（五）46-50 BABCB (提示：46, 47为推理判断题）
（六）49-51 AAD （提示：50, 51为推理判断题）
（七）36-40 BCBAA （提示：37,40为推理判断题）
（八）4-7 CCBA (提示：4, 5, 7为推理判断题）




试题特点

解题思路

实例分析

能力检测






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