第五讲 介词
考题自测体验
1.(2019江苏南京)Xinhua Zidian, or the New Chinese Dictionary, was first published 1953.?
A.on B.in C.at D.for
答案:B
解析:年份前用介词in, 故选B项。
2.(2019湖南长沙)Yesterday our headmaster made a speech environmental protection, and we learned something about recycling of waste.?
A.on B.at C.to
答案:A
解析:此处表示发表了关于环境保护的演讲, on“关于”, 故选A项。
3.(2019北京)We planted some flowers the garden yesterday.?
A.on B.to C.in D.of
答案:C
解析:in the garden “在花园”, 故选C项。
4.(2019湖南湘潭)If you have a sore throat, you could drink some hot tea honey.?
A.with B.at C.on
答案:A
解析:此处表示加了蜂蜜的热茶, 故用with。
5.(2018天津)In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy. ?
A.beside B.among C.up D.through
答案:A
解析:句意: 在照片中, 他坐在我旁边, 看起来非常高兴。beside“在旁边”, 符合句意。故选A项。
6.(2018江苏宿迁)The Dragon Boat Festival falls May or June every year. ?
A.in B.on C.at D.between
答案:A
解析:句意: 龙舟节在每年的五月或六月。在月份前用介词in, 故选A项。
7.(2018重庆)—Excuse me, is there a computer room in your school?
—Yes. It’s the fifth floor. ?
A.on B.in C.at D.to
答案:A
解析:句意: ——打扰了, 你们学校有计算机教室吗? ——是的。在第五层。在具体的楼层应用介词on, 故选A项。
8.(2018江苏盐城)President Xi said that people in the world should build a community a shared future. ?
A.to B.at C.with D.from
答案:C
解析:a shared future是定语, 修饰a community。 a community with a shared future“命运共同体”。故选C项。
9.(2018安徽)Our class are much sure to win the basketball game Class Three. ?
A.of B.in C.against D.from
答案:C
解析:句意: 我们班更有可能赢得和三班的篮球比赛。against符合语境。故选C项。
10.(2018北京)Happy birthday, Peter! Here’s a gift you. ?
A.for B.in C.with D.from
答案:A
解析:句意: 生日快乐, 彼得! 这里有你的一个礼物。for表示“给, 为”, 符合句意。故选A项。
11.(2018河南)I stopped the night in a small village while I was on holiday in the Himalayas a few years ago. ?
A.at B.for C.until D.through
答案:B
解析:句意: 几年前当我在喜马拉雅山度假时我在一个小村庄里过了一夜。stop for the night“过夜”, for表示目的, 故选B项。
12.(2017山东青岛)—Which is your new English teacher?
—The young lady red over there. ?
A.with B.in C.on D.for
答案:B
解析:句意: ——哪一个是你的新英语老师? ——那边穿红衣服的年轻女士。with“用”; in“在……里面”; on“在……上面”; for“为了”。根据red可知应用in,“in+某种颜色”, 表示“穿……颜色的衣服”。故选B项。
13.(2017安徽)To my pleasure, my family is always me whatever I decide to do. ?
A.above B.behind C.from D.through
答案:B
解析:句意: 令我愉快的是, 无论我决定做什么, 我的家人总是支持我。above“在……之上”; behind“在……后面”; from“从……”; through“通过”。根据句意可知应是支持我。故选B项。
14.(2017河北)Just walk down this road and you’ll see the museum your right. ?
A.on B.in C.at D.by
答案:A
解析:句意: 只要沿着这条路, 你将会在你的右边看到博物馆。on one’s right为固定短语。故选A项。
15.(2017河南)Father brought his little boy to a concert. But he was too young to sit the whole concert. ?
A.for B.with C.during D.through
答案:D
解析:句意: 爸爸带他的小儿子去音乐会。但是他太小了而不能耐着性子看完整场音乐会。for “为了”; with“和”; during“在……期间”; through“通过”。根据句意可知此处指耐着性子看完整场音乐会, sit through“耐着性子……”。故选D项。
课件67张PPT。第五讲 介词考点一考点二考点三考点四介词的分类
(一)时间介词
at, in和on考点一考点二考点三考点四I usually get up at six.
我通常在六点起床。
Bill was born on December 12th, 1992.
比尔出生于1992年12月12日。
I will come back in three days.
我三天后回来。
典例1Tim is going to give his father a surprise Father’s Day. ?
A.in B.at
C.on D.by
解析:在具体某一天之前用介词on。故选C项。
答案:C考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四4.—Hurry up! There’s a bus coming!
—Why run? There will be another one two or three minutes. ?
A.by B.in
C.for D.at
答案:B
解析:由句子中的情态动词will可知本句中的时间状语应是表示一般将来时态的时间状语。“in + 一段时间”, 表示将来的一段时间。句意: 为什么跑呢? 两三分钟后, 还会有另一辆公共汽车的。故选B项。考点一考点二考点三考点四(二)地点介词(短语)
1.方位介词in, at, on和to
(1)in+较大地点; at+较小地点。如:
When did you arrive in Shanghai?
你是什么时候到上海的? 考点一考点二考点三考点四(2)包含在整体内部的用in, 接壤用on, 不相邻用to。如: B is in the east of A.
C is on the east of A.
D is to the east of A.
Shandong is in the east of China.
山东在中国的东部。
Jiangxi is on the east of Hunan.
江西在湖南的东部。
Shanghai is to the east of Hubei. 上海在湖北的东部。考点一考点二考点三考点四2.“上下” 介词on, above, over, below和under
(1)on“在……上面”, 表示两者接触。如:
The teacher put his textbook on the teacher’s desk.
老师把课本放在讲桌上。
(2)above“在……的上方”, 表示两者不接触, 其反义词为below“在……的下方”。考点一考点二考点三考点四(3)over“在……正上方”, 表示两者不接触, 其反义词为under“在……正下方”。如:We can build a bridge over the river.
我们可以在河上建一座桥。
My cat is lying under the chair.
我的猫正躺在椅子下面。考点一考点二考点三考点四3.“前后” 介词in front of, in the front of和behind There’s a playground in front of the library and a swimming pool behind it.
图书馆前面有个操场, 后面有个游泳池。
The boy likes to sit in the front of his father’s car.
那个男孩喜欢坐在他爸爸的车的前座上。
4.“左右” 介词短语on the left/right of,“旁边” 介词beside/by,“对面” 介词短语across from
Linda sits beside/by me, just on my left.
琳达坐在我旁边, 正好在我左边。考点一考点二考点三考点四5.“里外” 介词in, inside, into, outside和out of
(1)in“在……内部”。如:
The pen is in my pencil case.
钢笔在我的铅笔盒里。
(2)inside“在……里面/到……里面”, 反义词outside“在……外面”。如:
We are asked to stay inside the building at work.
我们被要求待在楼里工作。
(3)into “到……内”, 其反义短语为out of。如:
Pour some milk into the blender.
把一些牛奶倒入搅拌机里。考点一考点二考点三考点四典例2Paul’s mother is a nurse. She works a hospital. ?
A.with B.on
C.of D.in
解析:in a hospital“在医院里”。故选D项。
答案:D考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四(三)方式、手段、工具等介词 考点一考点二考点三考点四典例3Class, let’s see who can spell the most words these letters. ?
A.at B.into
C.on D.with
解析:句意: 同学们, 让我们看看谁能用这些字母拼写出最多的单词。with“用”。故选D项。
答案:D考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四12.—How do you study for a test?
— working with friends. ?
A.By B.With
C.On D.For
答案:A
解析:句意: ——你是怎么为考试做准备的? ——通过和朋友们一起学习。by“通过……方式”; with“和……在一起”; on“在……上面”; for“为了……”。故A项符合句意。考点一考点二考点三考点四(四)其他介词 考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四典例4Chinese will be widely used a foreign language around the world. ?
A.in B.for
C.as D.by
解析:be used as“被用作……”。故选C项。
答案:C考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四介词的搭配 考点一考点二考点三考点四典例5Many wild animals are , and it’s time for us to do whatever we can to protect them. ?
A.on duty B.on show
C.in order D.in danger
解析:句意: 许多野生动物处在危险中, 到了我们做我们能做的来保护它们的时候了。in danger“处在危险中”。故选D项。
答案:D考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四介词短语的语法功能 考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四典例6—Do you remember what she looked like when you first met her?
—Of course. She was tall and thin long hair. ?
A.in B.with
C.on D.at
解析:句意: ——你记得你第一次见到她时她的样子吗? ——当然。她个子高, 瘦, 长发。in“在……里”; with“具有”; on“在……上”; at“在……地点”。结合句意, 选B项。
答案:B考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四常见易混介词辨析
1.between和among
between表示在两者之间; among表示在三者或三者以上之间。如:
The village lies between two mountains.
这个村庄位于两座山之间。
The village lies among mountains.
这个村庄位于群山之中。
典例7Sleeping is a popular way to relax students. ?
A.on B.among
C.about D.between
解析:among“在……中间”, 用于三者或三者以上。故选B项。
答案:B考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四2.across, through和over 考点一考点二考点三考点四典例8—Excuse me, where is the bookstore?
—Go the bridge. You’ll see it on your left. ?
A.on B.over
C.across D.through
解析:句意: ——打扰了, 书店在哪里? ——过了这座桥。你会在右边看到它。on“在……上面”; over“在……上方”; across“从一个平面上穿过”; through“在空间内穿过”。“过桥” 指从桥的一端到达另一端。故选C项。
答案:C考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四3.except, besides和but 考点一考点二考点三考点四典例9—Alice, would you like to go hiking with us?
—What a pity! I am free every day today. ?
A.for B.except
C.besides D.among
解析:由答语“真遗憾!” 可知“除了今天我每天都有空”。故用except。
答案:B考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四4.since和for 考点一考点二考点三考点四典例10Our reading club shares ideas with each other one hour every Tuesday. ?
A.to B.on
C.at D.for
解析:for后跟时间段。故选D项。
答案:D考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四5.by, during和until 考点一考点二考点三考点四典例11They usually go shopping their lunch break. ?
A.against
B.among
C.between
D.during
解析:during意为“在……期间”; during their lunch break“在他们午休期间”。
答案:D考点一考点二考点三考点四考点一考点二考点三考点四
