牛津上海版高中二年级第一册英语 - Unit 3 Contemporary style_学案2

Unit 3 Contemporary style
【学习目标】
本部分重要单词、短语和句子。
【学习重难点】
本部分重要单词、短语和句子的使用。
【学习过程】
I. More reading: Uniform fashion good for young students
1) School uniforms are not part of the traditional way of life in the USA.
way of life生活方式
练习：
他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式.
（used）He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of life.
2) In 1987, Cherry Hill Elementary, which is in Maryland, went against tradition by becoming the first public school in the USA to make students wear uniforms.
go against 违背, 作对；对……不利
Don't go against your father. 不要违背你的父亲。
The election went against him at first, but he won at last. 选举开始时对他不利, 但最终他获胜了。
go against tradition打破传统，违背传统 go against nature 违背自然 go against the tide 不随潮流
练习：
任何违背自然规律的人终将要受到惩罚的。
（Anybody）Anybody who goes against nature will be punished．
他小时候总要逆着父亲的意思。
（against）He was always going against his father when he was young.
3) The school did this to reduce trouble caused by the students’ love of fashion.
reduce v. 减少，降低，缩小
reduce the family's expenses 减少家庭开支 reduce risk 降低风险 reduce pollution 减少污染 reduce costs 降低成本 reduce speed 减速 reduce weight 减肥
4) Since this new programme has proved to be a good way to promote safety and discipline, other schools soon followed．
prove link v. 证明是……, 表明是…… 搭配是：prove (to be) + n. / adj.
Perhaps this book will prove to be of some use to you in your studies. 也许这本书会对你的研究有用处。
练习：
随着时间的推移，他的理论证明是正确的。（with） With the passage of time, his theory proved to be correct.
☆promote vt. 促进, 发扬；提升, 提拔, 晋升为（to）；促销；筹划
我们的老师已被提升为校长了。Our teacher has been promoted to headmaster.
Do you have any idea how to promote the sales of this product?
如何来推销该产品你有何好办法?
promote the love of learning 鼓励学习的热诚
promotion n. Our teacher has got a promotion. 我们的老师被提升了。
5) By 2000, 12percent of American public schools required school uniforms.
require vt. 需要, 要求, 命令
Most plants require sunlight. 大部分植物需要阳光。
The floor requires washing / requires to be washed．地板该洗了。（用法类似的：need, want）
All passengers are required to show their tickets. 所有乘客都必须出示车票。
We require that everybody (should) be here before 8o’clock. (虚拟语气)
____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.
A．What is required B．What requires
C．It is required D．It requires
6) The introduction of school uniforms has helped reduce school violence.
violence n. 猛烈, 强烈, 暴力, 暴虐, 暴行, 强暴 crimes of violence 暴力犯罪
violent adj. 猛烈的, 激烈的, 暴力的:
a violent storm猛烈的风暴
violent scenes in a film影片的暴力镜头
7) Much of school violence is linked to the wearing of gang colors, which are the clothes worn by different youth gangs.
link n. 环节,联系 v. 连接,联系 be linked to 被连到……上去；与……有联系
This Web page may be linked to any other Web sites. 这个网页可连结至任何其他网站。
练习：
这种癌症可能与吸烟有关。This kind of cancer can be linked to smoking.
8) In schools with youth gangs, the number of fights decreased by 40 percent after uniforms were introduced．
the number of……的数目/数量：The number of girls in our school is (be) large.
a number of 一笔数量的……；大量，许多(可数名词)：
There are (be) a large number of girls dancing in that pub．
As a result of destroying the forests, a large ______ of desert ______ covered the land．
A．number… has B．quantity… has C．number… have D．quantity… have
___ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
A．Which B As C．That D．It
by prep. 可以表示增减的幅度(如上例)；也可以表示计量单位，如：
They get paid by the week. 他们是按礼拜付款的。
The water has risen by 5meters after the rain. 雨后水位上涨了5米。
decrease n. 减少, 减少之量 v. 减少
今年在校的儿童人数减少了。The number of children in the school has decreased this year. / There is a decrease in the number of children in school.
反义词：increase
世界人口正在迅速增长。The population of the world is increasing very fast.
One of the consequences of our planet's being warming up is a(n) ____ in the number of natural disasters.
A．result B．account C．reason D．increase
9) Uniforms also send a message that students are at school to study, not to play. They reduce peer pressure and create school pride. These things help raise the academic level of the students.
peer n. 同龄人，同伴，同侪
练习：
He smokes because of the peer pressure. 他因为同侪压力的关系而抽烟.
academic adj. 学院的, 理论的，学术的 academic performance 学习成绩/表现
10) Although school uniforms are popular in some areas, this new trend has met strong resistance from many parents, some of whom angrily complain that uniforms keep students from showing their individuality.
resistance n. 阻力，电阻
resistance from 来自…的阻力
resistance to 对于…的反对/阻力
The idea met with some resistance. 那个意见遭到了某种形式的反对。
练习：
我们的计划会遇到了极大的反对。We met with a large amount of resistance to our plan.
resist v. resist something / doing something 抵制、拒绝、反对……
resist the temptation 抵挡诱惑
练习：
听到这个有趣的故事，她忍不住笑出声来。She could hardly resist laughing at the funny story.
complain v. 抱怨, 悲叹, 控诉 → complaint n. 诉苦, 抱怨, 牢骚, 委屈, 疾病 complain to sb about sth 抱怨某事
练习：
每次见到我，Joan总之抱怨薪水低。
Every time she saw me, Joan complained about her small salary.
11) A few parents have even gone to court to stop school uniforms from being introduced．
go to court 起诉，上法庭
stop… (from) doing / keep… from doing / prevent… (from) doing…阻止……
练习：
由于大雨，我们不能外出了。The heavy rain stopped us from going out.
12) For this reason, it is unlikely that uniforms will ever be adopted nationwide.
unlikely adj. 不可能的 ← likely adj. 可能的……
搭配是：真实主语+ be likely to / 句型It is likely that…
练习：
明天我可能很忙。I'm likely to be very busy tomorrow.
= It is likely that I will be very busy tomorrow.
他最近很忙，不大可能来参加晚会了。
He is very busy recently and unlikely to come to the party.
adopt v. 采纳；收养（孤儿等）
As they had no children of their own, they adopted an orphan.
他们没有亲生儿女，就收养了一个孤儿。
We should adopt the consumers' suggestion. 我们应该接受用户的建议。
II. Remember the above keys and know how to use them in language.