牛津上海版高中二年级第一册英语 - Unit 6 Space exploration_学案2
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| 名称 | 牛津上海版高中二年级第一册英语 - Unit 6 Space exploration_学案2 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-03-20 22:35:15 | ||
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Unit 6 Space exploration
Reading: Transforming Mars
【学习目标】
认读理解单词，通过上下文，掌握核心单词、短语和句子的含义。
【学习重难点】
理解单词，通过上下文，掌握核心单词、短语和句子的含义。
【学习过程】
1 Ever since the beginning of history, people have dreamt of interplanetary travel. 有史以来，人们一直梦想着星际旅行。
ever since… 从那时起(自那时以来)一直……。该短语可以单独做状语用，也可以做连词，加上名词或从句。
练习：
自从我们在学校认识之后，我们就一直是好朋友。
We've been friends (ever) since we met at school.
我1956年去了美国, 从那以后就一直住在那。
I went to the U.S. in 1956and lived there ever since.
dream of / about 梦想(做)某事
练习：
我梦想拥有一座自己的房屋。I dream of having a house of my own.
我希望他成为钢琴家的梦想可以成真。I hope his dream of becoming a pianist will come true.
2 For centuries, these dreams have always remained dreams.
remain vi. / link v.
当其他人走了之后，玛丽留下来，将家具放回原处。
When the others had gone, Mary remained and put back the furniture.
虽然有危险，她仍然保持冷静。Despite the danger, she remained calm.
这么多年了他还是个普通工人。After all these years, he remains an ordinary worker.
练习：
这个计划到底行不行，让我们拭目以待吧。
Whether the plan is practical or not remains to be seen.
有好几个问题尚待解决。
Several problems remain to be solved.
→ remaining adj. 剩余的，剩下的
在剩下的时间里你会做些什么呢？And what will you do in the remaining time / time left?
3 However, scientists now want to make these dreams come true.
come true 实现，成真。该短语是不及物的，没有被动形式。
他想当演员的愿望实现了。His wish to be an actor has come true / been realized．
4 In many ways, Mars is the planet most similar to Earth. A Martian day lasts about 241/2hours (although a year has 687days). While there is no water, there is a lot of ice in the two polar ice caps.
similar adj. 类似的，相似的 be similar to 和…类似
练习：
这个孩子长的像他哥哥，但是性格绝然不同。(appearance)
The boy is similar in appearance to his brother, but totally different in character.
last v. 持续, 支持, 维持 last sb + time 给某人持续多少时间(的使用等)
练习：
炎热的天气持续到九月。The hot weather lasted until September.
2010年在上海举办的世博会将持续半年时间。(hold)
The World Expo that will be held in Shanghai will last six months.
世界石油储备量最多只够我们使用50年的时间。
The oil reserve of the world can only last us at most 50 years.
while 做连词用，连接两个分句，可以表示两种情况的对比，可以理解为“一方面……，另一方面……”、“然而”，有轻微的转折关系。如：While he likes maths, I like English.
练习：
_____ some people try to protect examination in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.
A．If B．While C．Since D．Once
5 The plan involves changing Mars so that it becomes more like Earth.
involve vt. 包含, 含有, 使陷入, 使卷入, 牵涉
这两个短语是动态的：
A involve B A使B卷进去，A牵涉到B involve A in / into B 把A牵涉进B
这个短语是用过去分词表示状态的：A be involved in B A牵涉进了B
不要把他人卷入到你的疯狂计划中去。Don’t involve other people in your mad schemes.
这工作需要每年去国外三个月。The job involves traveling abroad for three months each year.
这个记者很想知道那位官员是否涉及此案。The reporter is curious to know whether the official is involved in the case.
6 This means using the’greenhouse effect' (which we are trying to stop on Earth).
mean doing 意思是，意味着 mean to do 有意/打算要做某事
练习：
很对不起，我不是故意的。I'm sorry. I didn't mean to do that.
在这个站点错过了公交车通常意味着要再等一个小时。
Missing a bus at this stop usually means waiting for another one hour.
7 The members construct underground buildings, conduct experiments, look for good sites for future landings, and also check for signs of life.
conduct n. 行为，举止，品行 v. 经营，处理，做，指挥，导电
她总是得到品行优良奖。She always got the good conduct prize.
code of conduct 行为准则/规范
conduct the performance management 进行绩效管理
conduct a concert 给音乐会做指挥
知识是引导你到达光明和真实人生的蜡烛。
Knowledge is like the candle to conduct you to the bright and true life.
所有的金属都能导电。All metals can conduct electricity.
check for 检查…(看看有没有问题等)
Please check for viruses on your computer frequently. 请经常检查计算机中的病毒。
sign n. 符号, 正负号, 手势, 迹象, 招牌 v. 签，做手势，做标记
sign a contract 签约 sign one’s name 签名 road signs 路标
make a sign 做手势 sign to sb to do sth 用手示意某人做某事
练习：
乌云是雨或雪将至的预兆。Dark clouds are a sign of rain or snow.
符号x表示一个未知数。The sign X stands for an unknown number.
点头表示赞同。A nod is a sign of approval.
8 They can survive only as long as they wear spacesuits, because 95per cent of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide.
survive v. 生存, 生还，幸存；比…长命
练习：
要在丛林中活下来就要有坚忍不拔的意志.You need to be tough to survive in the jungle.
这些鸟能够战胜北极冬天的危险。
These birds are able to survive the perils of the Arctic winter.
这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于难。Only two passengers survived the air crash.
她比她丈夫多活了五岁。She survived her husband by five years.
survive on 靠……活下来, 靠……生存
They can survive on very little money. 他们用很少的钱就可以生存。
9 Nonetheless, the low gravity (one-third of Earth's) means they can move around easily.
nonetheless ad．= nevertheless, however 尽管如此(仍然) conj. 尽管如此(仍然)
I can't follow your advice; nonetheless, thank you for giving it.
恕我不能接受你的劝告，不过，谢谢你的好意。
10 Huge solar mirrors are put in orbit round Mars to heat the polar ice caps. The ice caps are sprayed black, so that they do not reflect the heat away. Chemicals are released into the air.
orbit n. 轨道 v. 绕轨道而行, 进入轨道, 盘旋 in orbit 在轨道中
练习：
有多少航天器绕月球轨道飞行？How many spacecrafts are orbiting the moon?
该航天器在绕月球轨道运行。The spacecraft is in orbit around the moon.
reflect v. 反映，反射，归咎，思考 reflect on 考虑(回想, 回顾)
A building may reflect sounds. 建筑物可回音。
Her sad looks reflected the thought passing through her mind.
她忧戚的面容反映出她内心的思想。
I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life.
我们经常思考人生的美丽与复杂。
release n. 释放, 让渡, 发行 v. 释放, 让与, 准予发表
release sb from prison 刑满释放 release one’s stress 释放压力
练习：
The new film will be released next month. 这部新的电影下个月发行。
The latest developments have just been released to the media.
最新的进展情况已向大众传播媒介发表。
Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. 植物可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。
11 As a result, the atmosphere becomes thicker and retains more of the Sun's heat.
as a result 结果: He didn't work hard, and as a result, he failed his exam。
他不用功, 结果考试不及格。
as a result of 作为……的结果，由于
He was late as a result of the snow。因为下雪,他们迟到了.
result in 导致 result from 源于
练习：
不良的生活习惯会造成疾病。Bad living habits will result in disease.
许多疾病是由于缺少锻炼所致。Many illnesses result from lack of exercise.
retain v. 保持，保留；不让流失
I will retain my right. 我将保留我的权力。
These roses retain their scent. 这些玫瑰花仍有余香。
12 If these plants can survive on Mars, carbon dioxide can be converted into oxygen.
convert v. 使转变, 使...改变信仰, 倒置 convert...into... 把……转换成
At what rate does the dollar convert into pounds? 美元以什么汇率兑换成英镑？
练习：
太阳能电池能吸收阳光并能把它变成电。(absorb)
Solar cells can absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity.
Reading: Transforming Mars
【学习目标】
认读理解单词，通过上下文，掌握核心单词、短语和句子的含义。
【学习重难点】
理解单词，通过上下文，掌握核心单词、短语和句子的含义。
【学习过程】
1 Ever since the beginning of history, people have dreamt of interplanetary travel. 有史以来，人们一直梦想着星际旅行。
ever since… 从那时起(自那时以来)一直……。该短语可以单独做状语用，也可以做连词，加上名词或从句。
练习：
自从我们在学校认识之后，我们就一直是好朋友。
We've been friends (ever) since we met at school.
我1956年去了美国, 从那以后就一直住在那。
I went to the U.S. in 1956and lived there ever since.
dream of / about 梦想(做)某事
练习：
我梦想拥有一座自己的房屋。I dream of having a house of my own.
我希望他成为钢琴家的梦想可以成真。I hope his dream of becoming a pianist will come true.
2 For centuries, these dreams have always remained dreams.
remain vi. / link v.
当其他人走了之后，玛丽留下来，将家具放回原处。
When the others had gone, Mary remained and put back the furniture.
虽然有危险，她仍然保持冷静。Despite the danger, she remained calm.
这么多年了他还是个普通工人。After all these years, he remains an ordinary worker.
练习：
这个计划到底行不行，让我们拭目以待吧。
Whether the plan is practical or not remains to be seen.
有好几个问题尚待解决。
Several problems remain to be solved.
→ remaining adj. 剩余的，剩下的
在剩下的时间里你会做些什么呢？And what will you do in the remaining time / time left?
3 However, scientists now want to make these dreams come true.
come true 实现，成真。该短语是不及物的，没有被动形式。
他想当演员的愿望实现了。His wish to be an actor has come true / been realized．
4 In many ways, Mars is the planet most similar to Earth. A Martian day lasts about 241/2hours (although a year has 687days). While there is no water, there is a lot of ice in the two polar ice caps.
similar adj. 类似的，相似的 be similar to 和…类似
练习：
这个孩子长的像他哥哥，但是性格绝然不同。(appearance)
The boy is similar in appearance to his brother, but totally different in character.
last v. 持续, 支持, 维持 last sb + time 给某人持续多少时间(的使用等)
练习：
炎热的天气持续到九月。The hot weather lasted until September.
2010年在上海举办的世博会将持续半年时间。(hold)
The World Expo that will be held in Shanghai will last six months.
世界石油储备量最多只够我们使用50年的时间。
The oil reserve of the world can only last us at most 50 years.
while 做连词用，连接两个分句，可以表示两种情况的对比，可以理解为“一方面……，另一方面……”、“然而”，有轻微的转折关系。如：While he likes maths, I like English.
练习：
_____ some people try to protect examination in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.
A．If B．While C．Since D．Once
5 The plan involves changing Mars so that it becomes more like Earth.
involve vt. 包含, 含有, 使陷入, 使卷入, 牵涉
这两个短语是动态的：
A involve B A使B卷进去，A牵涉到B involve A in / into B 把A牵涉进B
这个短语是用过去分词表示状态的：A be involved in B A牵涉进了B
不要把他人卷入到你的疯狂计划中去。Don’t involve other people in your mad schemes.
这工作需要每年去国外三个月。The job involves traveling abroad for three months each year.
这个记者很想知道那位官员是否涉及此案。The reporter is curious to know whether the official is involved in the case.
6 This means using the’greenhouse effect' (which we are trying to stop on Earth).
mean doing 意思是，意味着 mean to do 有意/打算要做某事
练习：
很对不起，我不是故意的。I'm sorry. I didn't mean to do that.
在这个站点错过了公交车通常意味着要再等一个小时。
Missing a bus at this stop usually means waiting for another one hour.
7 The members construct underground buildings, conduct experiments, look for good sites for future landings, and also check for signs of life.
conduct n. 行为，举止，品行 v. 经营，处理，做，指挥，导电
她总是得到品行优良奖。She always got the good conduct prize.
code of conduct 行为准则/规范
conduct the performance management 进行绩效管理
conduct a concert 给音乐会做指挥
知识是引导你到达光明和真实人生的蜡烛。
Knowledge is like the candle to conduct you to the bright and true life.
所有的金属都能导电。All metals can conduct electricity.
check for 检查…(看看有没有问题等)
Please check for viruses on your computer frequently. 请经常检查计算机中的病毒。
sign n. 符号, 正负号, 手势, 迹象, 招牌 v. 签，做手势，做标记
sign a contract 签约 sign one’s name 签名 road signs 路标
make a sign 做手势 sign to sb to do sth 用手示意某人做某事
练习：
乌云是雨或雪将至的预兆。Dark clouds are a sign of rain or snow.
符号x表示一个未知数。The sign X stands for an unknown number.
点头表示赞同。A nod is a sign of approval.
8 They can survive only as long as they wear spacesuits, because 95per cent of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide.
survive v. 生存, 生还，幸存；比…长命
练习：
要在丛林中活下来就要有坚忍不拔的意志.You need to be tough to survive in the jungle.
这些鸟能够战胜北极冬天的危险。
These birds are able to survive the perils of the Arctic winter.
这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于难。Only two passengers survived the air crash.
她比她丈夫多活了五岁。She survived her husband by five years.
survive on 靠……活下来, 靠……生存
They can survive on very little money. 他们用很少的钱就可以生存。
9 Nonetheless, the low gravity (one-third of Earth's) means they can move around easily.
nonetheless ad．= nevertheless, however 尽管如此(仍然) conj. 尽管如此(仍然)
I can't follow your advice; nonetheless, thank you for giving it.
恕我不能接受你的劝告，不过，谢谢你的好意。
10 Huge solar mirrors are put in orbit round Mars to heat the polar ice caps. The ice caps are sprayed black, so that they do not reflect the heat away. Chemicals are released into the air.
orbit n. 轨道 v. 绕轨道而行, 进入轨道, 盘旋 in orbit 在轨道中
练习：
有多少航天器绕月球轨道飞行？How many spacecrafts are orbiting the moon?
该航天器在绕月球轨道运行。The spacecraft is in orbit around the moon.
reflect v. 反映，反射，归咎，思考 reflect on 考虑(回想, 回顾)
A building may reflect sounds. 建筑物可回音。
Her sad looks reflected the thought passing through her mind.
她忧戚的面容反映出她内心的思想。
I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life.
我们经常思考人生的美丽与复杂。
release n. 释放, 让渡, 发行 v. 释放, 让与, 准予发表
release sb from prison 刑满释放 release one’s stress 释放压力
练习：
The new film will be released next month. 这部新的电影下个月发行。
The latest developments have just been released to the media.
最新的进展情况已向大众传播媒介发表。
Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. 植物可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。
11 As a result, the atmosphere becomes thicker and retains more of the Sun's heat.
as a result 结果: He didn't work hard, and as a result, he failed his exam。
他不用功, 结果考试不及格。
as a result of 作为……的结果，由于
He was late as a result of the snow。因为下雪,他们迟到了.
result in 导致 result from 源于
练习：
不良的生活习惯会造成疾病。Bad living habits will result in disease.
许多疾病是由于缺少锻炼所致。Many illnesses result from lack of exercise.
retain v. 保持，保留；不让流失
I will retain my right. 我将保留我的权力。
These roses retain their scent. 这些玫瑰花仍有余香。
12 If these plants can survive on Mars, carbon dioxide can be converted into oxygen.
convert v. 使转变, 使...改变信仰, 倒置 convert...into... 把……转换成
At what rate does the dollar convert into pounds? 美元以什么汇率兑换成英镑？
练习：
太阳能电池能吸收阳光并能把它变成电。(absorb)
Solar cells can absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity.