中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(江苏卷)
第一部分
听力(共两节，满分20分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
time
is
it
now?
A.
910.
B.
950.
C.
1000.
2.
What
does
the
woman
think
of
the
weather?
A.
It’s
nice.
B.
It’s
warm.
C.
It’s
cold.
3.
What
will
the
man
do?
A.
Attend
a
meeting.
B.
Give
a
lecture.
C.
Leave
his
office.
4.
What
is
the
woman’s
opinion
about
the
course?
A.
Too
hard.
B.
Worth
taking.
C.
Very
easy.
5.
What
does
the
woman
want
the
man
to
do?
A.
Speak
louder.
B.
Apologize
to
her.
C.
Turn
off
the
radio.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5
段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第
6、7
题。
6.
How
long
did
Michael
stay
in
China?
A.
Five
days.
B.
One
week.
C.
Two
weeks.
7.
Where
did
Michael
go
last
year?
A.
Russia.
B.
Norway.
C.
India.
听第
7
段材料，回答第8、9
题。
8.
What
food
does
Sally
like?
A.
Chicken.
B.
Fish.
C.
Eggs.
9.
What
are
the
speakers
going
to
do?
A.
Cook
dinner.
B.
Go
shopping.
C.
Order
dishes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
Where
are
the
speakers?
A.
In
a
hospital.
B.
In
the
office.
C.
At
home.
11.
When
is
the
report
due?
A.
Thursday.
B.
Friday.
C.
Next
Monday.
12.
What
does
George
suggest
Stephanie
do
with
the
report?
A.
Improve
it.
B.
Hand
it
in
later.
C.
Leave
it
with
him.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.
What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.
Salesperson
and
customer.
B.
Homeowner
and
cleaner.
C.
Husband
and
wife.
14.
What
kind
of
apartment
do
the
speakers
prefer?
A.
One
with
two
bedrooms.
B.
One
without
furniture.
C.
One
near
a
market.
15.
How
much
rent
should
one
pay
for
the
one
bedroom
apartment?
A.
＄350.
B.
＄400.
C.
＄415.
16.
Where
is
the
apartment
the
speakers
would
like
to
see?
A.
On
Lake
Street.
B.
On
Market
Street.
C.
On
South
Street.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.
What
percentage
of
the
world’s
tea
exports
go
to
Britain?
A.
Almost
15%.
B.
About
30%.
C.
Over
40%.
18.
Why
do
tea
tasters
taste
tea
with
milk?
A.
Most
British
people
drink
tea
that
way.
B.
Tea
tastes
much
better
with
milk.
C.
Tea
with
milk
is
healthy.
19.
Who
suggests
a
price
for
each
tea?
A.
Tea
tasters.
B.
Tea
exporters.
C.
Tea
companies.
20.
What
is
the
speaker
talking
about?
A.
The
life
of
tea
tasters.
B.
Afternoon
tea
in
Britain.
C.
The
London
Tea
Trade
Centre.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分
35
分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、
B、
C、
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.The
number
of
smokers,
_______
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
A.
it
B.
which
C.
what
D.
as
22.Schools
should
be
lively
places
where
individuals
are
encouraged
to
_______
to
their
greatest
potential.
A.
accelerate
B.
improve
C.
perform
D.
develop
23.—Jim,
can
you
work
this
Sunday?
—_______?
I’ve
been
working
for
two
weeks
on
end.
A.
Why
me
B.
Why
not
C.
What
if
D.
So
what
24.Much
time
_______
sitting
at
a
desk,
office
workers
are
generally
troubled
by
health
problems.
A.
being
spent
B.
having
spent
C.
spent
D.
spending
25.
_______
Li
Bai,
a
great
Chinese
poet,
was
born
is
known
to
the
public,
but
some
won’t
accept
it.
A.
That
B.
Why
C.
Where
D.
How
26.It
is
so
cold
that
you
can’t
go
outside
_______
fully
covered
in
thick
clothes.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
once
D.
when
27.The
university
started
some
new
language
programs
to
_______
the
country’s
Silk
Road
Economic
Belt.
A.
apply
to
B.
cater
for
C.
appeal
to
D.
hunt
for
28.
It
might
have
saved
me
some
trouble
_______
the
schedule.
A.
did
I
know
B.
have
I
known
C.
do
I
know
D.
had
I
known
29.The
whole
team
_______
Cristiano
Ronaldo,
and
he
seldom
lets
them
down.
A.
wait
on
B.
focus
on
C.
count
on
D.
call
on
30.The
real
reason
why
prices
_______,
and
still
are,
too
high
is
complex,
and
no
short
discussion
can
satisfactorily
explain
this
problem.
A.
were
B.
will
be
C.
have
been
D.
had
been
31.The
police
officers
decided
to
conduct
a
thorough
and
_______
review
of
the
case.
A.
comprehensive
B.
complicated
C.
conscious
D.
crucial
32.Some
schools
will
have
to
make
_______
in
agreement
with
the
national
soccer
reform.
A.
judgments
B.
adjustments
C.
comments
D.
achievements
33.—Why
didn’t
you
invite
John
to
your
birthday
party?
—Well,
you
know
he’s
_______.
A.
an
early
bird
B.
a
wet
blanket
C.
a
lucky
dog
D.
a
tough
nut
34.Many
of
the
things
we
now
benefit
from
would
not
be
around
_______
Thomas
Edison.
A.
thanks
to
B.
regardless
of
C.
aside
from
D.
but
for
35.—Go
and
say
sorry
to
your
Mom,
Dave.
—I’d
like
to,
but
I’m
afraid
she
won’t
be
happy
with
my
_______.
A.
requests
B.
excuses
C.
apologies
D.
regrets
第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I
was
required
to
read
one
of
Bernie
Siegel’s
books
in
college
and
was
hooked
on
his
positivity
from
that
moment
on.
The
stories
of
his
unconventional
36
and
the
exceptional
patients
he
wrote
about
were
so
37
to
me
and
had
such
a
big
38
on
how
I
saw
life
from
then
on.
Who
knew
that
so
many
years
later
I
would
look
to
Dr.
Bernie
and
his
CDs
again
to
39
my
own
cancer
experience?
I’m
an
ambitious
40
,
and
when
I
started
going
through
chemo(化疗),
even
though
I’m
a
very
41
person,
I
lost
my
drive
to
write.
I
was
just
too
tired
and
not
in
the
42
.
One
day,
while
waiting
to
go
in
for
43
,
I
had
one
of
Dr.
Bernie’s
books
in
my
hand.
Another
patient
44
what
I
was
reading
and
struck
up
a
conversation
with
me
45
he
had
one
of
his
books
with
him
as
well.
It
46
that
among
other
things,
he
was
an
eighty-year-old
writer.
He
was
47
a
published
author,
and
he
was
currently
48
on
a
new
book.
We
would
see
each
other
at
various
times
and
49
friends.
Sometimes
he
wore
a
duck
hat,
and
I
would
tell
myself,
he
was
definitely
a(n)
50
of
Dr.
Bernie.
He
really
put
a
51
on
my
face.
He
unfortunately
52
last
year
due
to
his
cancer,
53
he
left
a
deep
impression
on
me
and
gave
me
the
54
to
pick
up
my
pen
again.
I
55
to
myself,
“If
he
can
do
it,
then
so
can
I.”
36.
A.
tastes
B.
ideas
C.
notes
D.
memories
37.
A.
amazing
B.
shocking
C.
amusing
D.
strange
38.
A.
strike
B.
push
C.
challenge
D.
impact
39.
A.
learn
from
B.
go
over
C.
get
through
D.
refer
to
40.
A.
reader
B.
writer
C.
editor
D.
doctor
41.
A.
positive
B.
agreeable
C.
humorous
D.
honest
42.
A.
mood
B.
position
C.
state
D.
way
43.
A.
advice
B.
reference
C.
protection
D.
treatment
44.
A.
viewed
B.
knew
C.
noticed
D.
wondered
45.
A.
while
B.
because
C.
although
D.
providing
46.
A.
came
out
B.
worked
out
C.
proved
out
D.
turned
out
47.
A.
naturally
B.
merely
C.
hopefully
D.
actually
48.
A.
deciding
B.
investing
C.
working
D.
relying
49.
A.
became
B.
helped
C.
missed
D.
visited
50.
A.
patient
B.
operator
C.
fan
D.
publisher
51.
A.
sign
B.
smile
C.
mark
D.
mask
52.
A.
showed
up
B.
set
off
C.
fell
down
D.
passed
away
53.
A.
since
B.
but
C.
so
D.
for
54.
A.
guidance
B.
trust
C.
opportunity
D.
inspiration
55.
A.
promised
B.
swore
C.
thought
D.
replied
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中,
选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
56.According
to
the
Code,
visitors
should
act
_______
.
A.
with
care
and
respect
B.
with
relief
and
pleasure
C.
with
caution
and
calmness
D.
with
attention
and
observation
57.What
are
you
encouraged
to
do
when
travelling
in
New
Zealand?
A.
Take
your
own
camping
facilities.
B.
Bury
glass
far
away
from
rivers.
C.
Follow
the
track
for
the
sake
of
plants.
D.
Observe
signs
to
approach
nesting
birds.
B
In
the
United
States
alone,
over
100
million
cell-phones
are
thrown
away
each
year.
Cell-phones
are
part
of
a
growing
mountain
of
electronic
waste
like
computers
and
personal
digital
assistants.
The
electronic
waste
stream
is
increasing
three
times
faster
than
traditional
garbage
as
a
whole.
Electronic
devices
contain
valuable
metals
such
as
gold
and
silver.
A
Swiss
study
reported
that
while
the
weight
of
electronic
goods
represented
by
precious
metals
was
relatively
small
in
comparison
to
total
waste,
the
concentration(含量)of
gold
and
other
precious
metals
was
higher
in
So-called
e-waste
than
in
naturally
occurring
minerals.
Electronic
wastes
also
contain
many
poisonous
metals.
Even
when
the
machines
are
recycled
and
the
harmful
metals
removed,
the
recycling
process
often
is
carried
out
in
poor
countries,
in
practically
uncontrolled
ways
which
allow
many
poisonous
substances
to
escape
into
the
environment.
Creating
products
out
of
raw
materials
creates
much
more
waste
material,
up
to
100
times
more,
than
the
material
contained
in
the
finished
products.
Consider
again
the
cell-phone,
and
imagine
the
mines
that
produced
those
metals,
the
factories
needed
to
make
the
box
and
packaging(包装)it
came
in.
Many
wastes
produced
in
the
producing
process
are
harmful
as
well.
The
U.S.
Environmental
Protection
Agency
notes
that
most
waste
is
dangerous
in
that
“the
production,
distribution,
and
use
of
products—as
well
as
management
of
the
resulting
waste—all
result
in
greenhouse
gas
release.”
Individuals
can
reduce
their
contribution
by
creating
less
waste
at
the
start—for
instance,
buying
reusable
products
and
recycling.
In
many
countries
the
concept
of
extended
producer
responsibility
is
being
considered
or
has
been
put
in
place
as
an
incentive(动机)for
reducing
waste.
If
producers
are
required
to
take
back
packaging
they
use
to
sell
their
products,
would
they
reduce
the
packaging
in
the
first
place?
Governments’
incentive
to
require
producers
to
take
responsibility
for
the
packaging
they
produce
is
usually
based
on
money.
Why,
they
ask,
should
cities
or
towns
be
responsible
for
paying
to
deal
with
the
bubble
wrap(气泡垫)that
encased
your
television?
From
the
governments’
point
of
view,
a
primary
goal
of
laws
requiring
extended
producer
responsibility
is
to
transfer
both
the
costs
and
the
physical
responsibility
of
waste
management
from
the
government
and
tax-payers
back
to
the
producers.
58.By
mentioning
the
Swiss
study,
the
author
intends
to
tell
us
that
_________
.
A.
the
weight
of
e-goods
is
rather
small
B.
E-waste
deserves
to
be
made
good
use
of
C.
natural
minerals
contain
more
precious
metals
D.
the
percentage
of
precious
metals
is
heavy
in
e-waste
59.The
responsibility
of
e-waste
treatment
should
be
extended
_________
.
A.
from
producers
to
governments
B.
from
governments
to
producers
C.
from
individuals
to
distributors
D.
from
distributors
to
governments
60.
What
does
the
passage
mainly
talk
about?
A.
The
increase
in
e-waste.
B.
The
creation
of
e-waste.
C.
The
seriousness
of
e-waste.
D.
The
management
of
e-waste.
C
Suppose
you
become
a
leader
in
an
organization.
It’s
very
likely
that
you’ll
want
to
have
volunteers
to
help
with
the
organization’s
activities.
To
do
so,
it
should
help
to
understand
why
people
undertake
volunteer
work
and
what
keeps
their
interest
in
the
work.
Let’s
begin
with
the
question
of
why
people
volunteer.
Researchers
have
identified
several
factors
that
motivate
people
to
get
involved.
For
example,
people
volunteer
to
express
personal
values
related
to
unselfishness,
to
expand
their
range
of
experiences,
and
to
strengthen
social
relationships.
If
volunteer
positions
do
not
meet
these
needs,
people
may
not
wish
to
participate.
To
select
volunteers,
you
may
need
to
understand
the
motivations
of
the
people
you
wish
to
attract.
People
also
volunteer
because
they
are
required
to
do
so.
To
increase
levels
of
community
service,
some
schools
have
launched
compulsory
volunteer
programs.
Unfortunately,
these
programs
can
shift
people’s
wish
of
participation
from
an
internal
factor(e.g.,“I
volunteer
because
it’s
important
to
me”)to
an
external
factor(e.g.,
“I
volunteer
because
I’m
required
to
do
so”).
When
that
happens,
people
become
less
likely
to
volunteer
in
the
future.
People
must
be
sensitive
to
this
possibility
when
they
make
volunteer
activities
a
must.
Once
people
begin
to
volunteer,
what
leads
them
to
remain
in
their
positions
over
time?
To
answer
this
question,
researchers
have
conducted
follow-up
studies
in
which
they
track
volunteers
over
time.
For
instance,
one
study
followed
238
volunteers
in
Florida
over
a
year.
One
of
the
most
important
factors
that
influenced
their
satisfaction
as
volunteers
was
the
amount
of
suffering
they
experienced
in
their
volunteer
positions.
Although
this
result
may
not
surprise
you,
it
leads
to
important
practical
advice.
The
researchers
note
that
attention
should
be
given
to
“training
methods
that
would
prepare
volunteers
for
troublesome
situations
or
provide
them
with
strategies
for
coping
with
the
problem
they
do
experience”.
Another
study
of
302
volunteers
at
hospitals
in
Chicago
focused
on
individual
differences
in
the
degree
to
which
people
view
“volunteer”
as
an
important
social
role.
It
was
assumed
that
those
people
for
whom
the
role
of
volunteer
was
most
part
of
their
personal
identity
would
also
be
most
likely
to
continue
volunteer
work.
Participants
indicated
the
degree
to
which
the
social
role
mattered
by
responding
to
statements
such
as
“Volunteering
in
Hospital
is
an
important
part
of
who
I
am.”
Consistent
with
the
researchers’
expectations,
they
found
a
positive
correlation(正相关)between
the
strength
of
role
identity
and
the
length
of
time
people
continued
to
volunteer.
These
results,
once
again,
lead
to
concrete
advice:
“Once
an
individual
begins
volunteering,
continued
efforts
might
focus
on
developing
a
volunteer
role
identity....
Items
like
T-shirts
that
allow
volunteers
to
be
recognized
publicly
for
their
contributions
can
help
strengthen
role
identity”.
61.People
volunteer
mainly
out
of
_______.
A.
academic
requirements
B.
social
expectations
C.
financial
rewards
D.
internal
needs
62.What
can
we
learn
from
the
Florida
study?
A.
Follow-up
studies
should
last
for
one
year.
B.
Volunteers
should
get
mentally
prepared.
C.
Strategy
training
is
a
must
in
research.
D.
Volunteers
are
provided
with
concrete
advice.
63.What
is
most
likely
to
motivate
volunteers
to
continue
their
work?
A.
Individual
differences
in
role
identity.
B.
Publicly
identifiable
volunteer
T-shirts.
C.
Role
identity
as
a
volunteer.
D.
Practical
advice
from
researchers.
64.What
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
How
to
Get
People
to
Volunteer
B.
How
to
Study
Volunteer
Behaviors
C.
How
to
Keep
Volunteers’
Interest
D.
How
to
Organize
Volunteer
Activities
D
Freedom
and
Responsibility
Freedom’s
challenge
in
the
Digital
Age
is
a
serious
topic.
We
are
facing
today
a
strange
new
world
and
we
are
all
wondering
what
we
are
going
to
do
with
it.
Some
2,500
years
ago
Greece
discovered
freedom.
Before
that
there
was
no
freedom.
There
were
great
civilizations,
splendid
empires,
but
no
freedom
anywhere.
Egypt
and
Babylon
were
both
tyrannies,
one
very
powerful
man
ruling
over
helpless
masses.
In
Greece,
in
Athens(雅典),
a
little
city
in
a
little
country,
there
were
no
helpless
masses.
And
Athenians
willingly
obeyed
the
written
laws
which
they
themselves
passed,
and
the
unwritten,
which
must
be
obeyed
if
free
men
live
together.
They
must
show
each
other
kindness
and
pity
and
the
many
qualities
without
which
life
would
be
very
painful
unless
one
chose
to
live
alone
in
the
desert.
The
Athenians
never
thought
that
a
man
was
free
if
he
could
do
what
he
wanted.
A
man
was
free
if
he
was
self-controlled.
To
make
yourself
obey
what
you
approved
was
freedom.
They
were
saved
from
looking
at
their
lives
as
their
own
private
affair.
Each
one
felt
responsible
for
the
welfare
of
Athens,
not
because
it
was
forced
on
him
from
the
outside,
but
because
the
city
was
his
pride
and
his
safety.
The
essential
belief
of
the
first
free
government
in
the
world
was
liberty
for
all
men
who
could
control
themselves
and
would
take
responsibility
for
the
state.
But
discovering
freedom
is
not
like
discovering
computers.
It
cannot
be
discovered
once
for
all.
If
people
do
not
prize
it,
and
work
for
it,
it
will
go.
Constant
watch
is
its
price.
Athens
changed.
It
was
a
change
that
took
place
without
being
noticed
though
it
was
of
the
extreme
importance,
a
spiritual
change
which
affected
the
whole
state.
It
had
been
the
Athenian’
s
pride
and
joy
to
give
to
their
city.
That
they
could
get
material
benefits
from
her
never
entered
their
minds.
There
had
to
be
a
complete
change
of
attitude
before
they
could
look
at
the
city
as
an
employer
who
paid
her
citizens
for
doing
her
work.
Now
instead
of
men
giving
to
the
state,
the
state
was
to
give
to
them.
What
the
people
wanted
was
a
government
which
would
provide
a
comfortable
life
for
them;
and
with
this
as
the
primary
object,
ideas
of
freedom
and
self-reliance
and
responsibility
were
neglected
to
the
point
of
disappearing.
Athens
was
more
and
more
looked
on
as
a
cooperative
business
possessed
of
great
wealth
in
which
all
citizens
had
a
right
to
share.
Athens
reached
the
point
when
the
freedom
she
really
wanted
was
freedom
from
responsibility.
There
could
be
only
one
result.
If
men
insisted
on
being
free
from
the
burden
of
self-dependence
and
responsibility
for
the
common
good,
they
would
cease
to
be
free.
Responsibility
is
the
price
every
man
must
pay
for
freedom.
It
is
to
be
had
on
no
other
terms.
Athens,
the
Athens
of
Ancient
Greece,
refused
responsibility;
she
reached
the
end
of
freedom
and
was
never
to
have
it
again.
But,
“the
excellent
becomes
the
permanent”,
Aristotle
said.
Athens
lost
freedom
forever,
but
freedom
was
not
lost
forever
for
the
world.
A
great
American,
James
Madison,
referred
to:
“The
capacity(能力)of
mankind
for
self-government.”
No
doubt
he
had
not
an
idea
that
he
was
speaking
Greek.
Athens
was
not
in
the
farthest
background
of
his
mind,
but
once
man
has
a
great
and
good
idea,
it
is
never
completely
lost.
The
Digital
Age
cannot
destroy
it.
Somehow
in
this
or
that
man’s
thought
such
an
idea
lives
though
unconsidered
by
the
world
of
action.
One
can
never
be
sure
that
it
is
not
on
the
point
of
breaking
out
into
action
only
sure
that
it
will
do
so
sometime.
65.
What
does
the
underlined
word“tyrannies”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.
Countries
where
their
people
need
help.
B.
Powerful
states
with
higher
civilization.
C.
Splendid
empires
where
people
enjoy
freedom.
D.
Governments
ruled
with
absolute
power.
66.People
believing
in
freedom
are
those
who
_______.
A.
regard
their
life
as
their
own
business
B.
seek
gains
as
their
primary
object
C.
behave
within
the
laws
and
value
systems
D.
treat
others
with
kindness
and
pity
67.What
change
in
attitude
took
place
in
Athens?
A.
The
Athenians
refused
to
take
their
responsibility.
B.
The
Athenians
no
longer
took
pride
in
the
city.
C.
The
Athenians
benefited
spiritually
from
the
government.
D.
The
Athenians
looked
on
the
government
as
a
business.
68.What
does
the
sentence
“There
could
be
only
one
result.”
in
Paragraph
5
mean?
A.
Athens
would
continue
to
be
free.
B.
Athens
would
cease
to
have
freedom.
C.
Freedom
would
come
from
responsibility.
D.
Freedom
would
stop
Athens
from
self-dependence.
69.Why
does
the
author
refer
to
Aristotle
and
Madison?
A.
The
author
is
hopeful
about
freedom.
B.
The
author
is
cautious
about
self-government.
C.
The
author
is
skeptical
of
Greek
civilization.
D.
The
author
is
proud
of
man’s
capacity.
70.
What
is
the
author’s
understanding
of
freedom?
A.
Freedom
can
be
more
popular
in
the
digital
age.
B.
Freedom
may
come
to
an
end
in
the
digital
age.
C.
Freedom
should
have
priority
over
responsibility.
D.
Freedom
needs
to
be
guaranteed
by
responsibility.
第四部分
任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
People
select
news
in
expectation
of
a
reward.
This
reward
may
be
either
of
two
kinds.
One
is
related
to
what
Freud
calls
the
Pleasure
Principle,
the
other
to
what
he
calls
the
Reality
Principle.
For
want
of
better
names,
we
shall
call
these
two
classes
immediate
reward
and
delayed
reward.
In
general,
the
kind
of
news
which
may
be
expected
to
give
immediate
reward
are
news
of
crime
and
corruption,
accidents
and
disasters,
sports,
social
events,
and
human
interest.
Delayed
reward
may
be
expected
from
news
of
public
affairs,
economic
matters,
social
problems,
science,
education,
and
health.
News
of
the
first
kind
pays
its
rewards
at
once.
A
reader
can
enjoy
an
indirect
experience
without
any
of
the
dangers
or
stresses
involved.
He
can
tremble
wildly
at
an
axe-murder,
shake
his
head
sympathetically
and
safely
at
a
hurricane,
identify
himself
with
the
winning
team,
laugh
understandingly
at
a
warm
little
story
of
children
or
dogs.
News
of
the
second
kind,
however,
pays
its
rewards
later.
It
sometimes
requires
the
reader
to
tolerate
unpleasantness
or
annoyance—as,
for
example,
when
he
reads
of
the
threatening
foreign
situation,
the
mounting
national
debt,
rising
taxes,
falling
market,
scarce
housing,
and
cancer.
It
has
a
kind
of
“threat
value.”
It
is
read
so
that
the
reader
may
be
informed
and
prepared.
When
a
reader
selects
delayed
reward
news,
he
pulls
himself
into
the
world
of
surrounding
reality
to
which
he
can
adapt
himself
only
by
hard
work.
When
he
selects
news
of
the
other
kind,
he
usually
withdraws
from
the
world
of
threatening
reality
toward
the
dream
world.
For
any
individual,
of
course,
the
boundaries
of
these
two
classes
are
not
stable.
For
example,
a
sociologist
may
read
news
of
crime
as
a
social
problem,
rather
than
for
its
immediate
reward.
A
coach
may
read
a
sports
story
for
its
threat
value:
he
may
have
to
play
that
team
next
week.
A
politician
may
read
an
account
of
his
latest
successful
public
meeting,
not
for
its
delayed
reward,
but
very
much
as
his
wife
reads
an
account
of
a
party.
In
any
given
story
of
corruption
or
disaster,
a
thoughtful
reader
may
receive
not
only
the
immediate
reward
of
indirect
experience,
but
also
the
delayed
reward
of
information
and
preparedness.
Therefore,
while
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
an
individual’s
tendency
may
transfer
any
story
from
one
kind
of
reading
to
another,
or
divide
the
experience
between
the
two
kinds
of
reward.
What
news
stories
do
you
read?
Division
ofnews
stories
●People
expect
to
get(71)
▲
from
reading
news.●News
stories
are
roughly
divided
into
two
classes.●Some
news
will
excite
their
readers
instantly
while
others
won’t.
(72)
▲
ofthe
two
classes
●News
of
immediate
reward
will
seemingly
take
their
readers
to
the
very
frightening
scene
without
actual(73)
▲
.●Readers
will
associate
themselves
closely
with
what
happens
in
the
news
stories
and(74)
▲
similar
feelings
with
those
involved.
●
News
of
delayed
reward
will
make
readers
suffer,
or
present
a(75)
▲
to
them.●
News
of
delayed
reward
will
induce
the
reader
to(76)
▲
for
the
reality
while
news
of
immediate
reward
will
lead
the
reader
to(77)
▲
from
the
reality.
Unstable
boundariesof
the
two
classes
●What
readers
expect
from
news
stories
are
largely
shaped
by
their(78)
▲
.●Serious
readers
will
both
get
excited
over
what
happens
in
some
news
stories
and(79)
▲
themselves
to
the
reality.●Thus,
the
division,
on
the
whole,(80)
▲
on
the
reader.
第五部分：书面表达(满分25分)
81.请阅读下面文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇
150
词左右的文章。
【写作内容】
1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2.结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因；
3.根据你的分析，从社会规范(rules
and
regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。
【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(江苏卷)
第一部分
听力(共两节，满分20分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
time
is
it
now?
A.
910.
B.
950.
C.
1000.
2.
What
does
the
woman
think
of
the
weather?
A.
It’s
nice.
B.
It’s
warm.
C.
It’s
cold.
3.
What
will
the
man
do?
A.
Attend
a
meeting.
B.
Give
a
lecture.
C.
Leave
his
office.
4.
What
is
the
woman’s
opinion
about
the
course?
A.
Too
hard.
B.
Worth
taking.
C.
Very
easy.
5.
What
does
the
woman
want
the
man
to
do?
A.
Speak
louder.
B.
Apologize
to
her.
C.
Turn
off
the
radio.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5
段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第
6、7
题。
6.
How
long
did
Michael
stay
in
China?
A.
Five
days.
B.
One
week.
C.
Two
weeks.
7.
Where
did
Michael
go
last
year?
A.
Russia.
B.
Norway.
C.
India.
听第
7
段材料，回答第8、9
题。
8.
What
food
does
Sally
like?
A.
Chicken.
B.
Fish.
C.
Eggs.
9.
What
are
the
speakers
going
to
do?
A.
Cook
dinner.
B.
Go
shopping.
C.
Order
dishes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
Where
are
the
speakers?
A.
In
a
hospital.
B.
In
the
office.
C.
At
home.
11.
When
is
the
report
due?
A.
Thursday.
B.
Friday.
C.
Next
Monday.
12.
What
does
George
suggest
Stephanie
do
with
the
report?
A.
Improve
it.
B.
Hand
it
in
later.
C.
Leave
it
with
him.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.
What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.
Salesperson
and
customer.
B.
Homeowner
and
cleaner.
C.
Husband
and
wife.
14.
What
kind
of
apartment
do
the
speakers
prefer?
A.
One
with
two
bedrooms.
B.
One
without
furniture.
C.
One
near
a
market.
15.
How
much
rent
should
one
pay
for
the
one
bedroom
apartment?
A.
＄350.
B.
＄400.
C.
＄415.
16.
Where
is
the
apartment
the
speakers
would
like
to
see?
A.
On
Lake
Street.
B.
On
Market
Street.
C.
On
South
Street.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.
What
percentage
of
the
world’s
tea
exports
go
to
Britain?
A.
Almost
15%.
B.
About
30%.
C.
Over
40%.
18.
Why
do
tea
tasters
taste
tea
with
milk?
A.
Most
British
people
drink
tea
that
way.
B.
Tea
tastes
much
better
with
milk.
C.
Tea
with
milk
is
healthy.
19.
Who
suggests
a
price
for
each
tea?
A.
Tea
tasters.
B.
Tea
exporters.
C.
Tea
companies.
20.
What
is
the
speaker
talking
about?
A.
The
life
of
tea
tasters.
B.
Afternoon
tea
in
Britain.
C.
The
London
Tea
Trade
Centre.
Text
1
W:
What
time
is
your
train
leaving?
M:
It
leaves
at
ten.
I’ve
got
fifty
minutes
left.
W:
You’d
better
hurry,
or
you
won’t
be
able
to
catch
it.
Text
2
M:
Nice
weather
we’re
having,
don’t
you
think?
W:
No.
It
is
too
cold.
M:
I
think
it
is
just
right.
W:
I’d
prefer
it
a
few
degrees
warmer.
Text
3
M:
Now,
let’s
stop
talking
and
get
going.
I
need
to
be
in
my
office
in
fifteen
minutes,
or
I’ll
be
late
for
a
meeting.
W:
Okay,
bye.
Text
4
M:
This
course
is
really
difficult.
W:
I
don’t
think
it’s
all
that
bad.
And
we’ll
benefit
a
lot
from
it.
M:
So,
you’re
taking
it
too?
W:
That’s
true.
Text
5
W:
Could
you
turn
that
off?
I
can’t
hear
myself
think.
M:
What?
W:
The
radio.
M:
Oh!
Sorry.
Text
6
W:
Hi
Michael!
I
heard
you
just
came
back
from
a
holiday.
M:
Yes.
I
stayed
for
a
week
in
China,
and
five
days
in
India.
W:
You
do
travel
a
lot,
don’t
you?
Last
year,
you
went
to
Norway,
right?
M:
Well,
I’ve
been
to
quite
some
countries,
but
not
yet
to
Norway.
Last
summer,
I
toured
Russia
for
two
weeks.
Text
7
M:
Sally,
do
you
like
seafood?
W:
Yes,
of
course.
M:
Is
there
anything
you
especially
like?
W:
Well,
I
really
don’t
know.
I
can
never
remember
the
names.
M:
Okay.
Is
there
any
food
you
don’t
eat?
W:
Well,
I
don’t
eat
chicken.
And
I
don’t
like
eggs,
either.
But
I
like
all
kinds
of
fish
and
vegetables.
M:
Then
let’s
look
at
the
menu
and
see
what
they’ve
got
for
us.
Text
8
M:
You
look
pale,
Stephanie.
What’s
wrong?
W:
I
don’t
feel
good.
I
have
a
bad
headache.
In
fact,
I
haven’t
got
much
sleep
this
past
week,
and
I
feel
really
tired.
M:
Why
don’t
you
go
to
see
a
doctor?
W:
Yeah,
I
think
I
should.
But
I
have
a
report
due
tomorrow.
Ms.
Jenkins
needs
it
for
the
board
meeting
next
Monday.
M:
Well,
it’s
Wednesday
today.
Why
don’t
you
talk
to
Ms.
Jenkins,
and
ask
if
you
can
hand
it
in
on
Friday
morning?
W:
Maybe
I
should
try.
I
guess
I
just
need
a
good
sleep.
Thanks,
George.
M:
If
you
need
any
help
with
the
report,
just
let
me
know.
Text
9
W:
Anything
interesting
in
the
paper
today,
dear?
M:
Well,
yeah.
There
are
a
few
here
that
might
interest
us.
Here’s
one
for
just
four
hundred
dollars.
It
only
has
one
bedroom,
but
it
sounds
nice,
near
Lake
Street.
W:
Yeah.
Let
me
see
what
the
cheapest
two-bedroom
apartment
is.
Oh,
here’s
one
on
Market
Street.
It’s
a
real
bargain.
Only
three
hundred
and
fifty
dollars.
But
it
doesn’t
have
any
furniture.
M:
Well,
it
costs
a
lot
to
buy
all
the
furniture.
W:
Oh,
here’s
another
one
for
just
over
four
hundred
dollars.
This
sounds
very
interesting!
It’s
on
South
Street.
That’s
a
nice
area.
M:
Yes,
it’s
quiet.
Did
you
say
two
bedrooms?
W:
Yes,
at
four
hundred
and
fifteen
dollars.
M:
Why
don’t
we
go
and
have
a
look?
W:
Okay,
I’ll
give
them
a
call.
Text
10
Look
at
this
picture.
It’s
the
London
Tea
Trade
Centre.
As
you
can
see,
it
is
on
the
north
bank
of
the
river
Thames.
It
is
the
center
of
an
important
industry
in
the
everyday
lives
of
the
British
people.
Tea
is
the
British
national
drink.
Every
man,
woman,
and
child
over
ten
years
of
age
has
on
average
over
four
cups
a
day.
Or
some
one
thousand,
five
hundred
cups
annually.
About
thirty
percent
of
the
world’s
exports
of
tea
makes
its
way
to
London.
And
Britain
is
by
far
the
largest
importer
of
tea
in
the
world.
Now,
in
the
second
picture,
you
can
see
how
tea
is
tasted
in
the
Tea
Trade
Center
before
it
is
sold.
Here,
different
types
of
tea
are
tasted
by
skilled
tea
tasters,
before
they’re
sold
at
each
week’s
tea
sale.
It’s
amazing
to
see
them
at
work.
Over
a
hundred
kinds
of
tea
are
laid
out
in
a
line
on
long
tables.
The
tasters
generally
taste
teas
with
milk,
since
that
is
how
the
majority
of
British
people
drink
their
tea.
The
tasters
move
down
the
line
with
surprising
speed,
tasting
from
a
spoon
and
deciding
what
is
a
fair
price
for
each
tea.
After
that,
they...
1-5ACABC
6-10BABCB
11-15ABCAB
16-20CBAAC
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分
35
分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、
B、
C、
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.The
number
of
smokers,
_______
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
A.
it
B.
which
C.
what
D.
as
【答案】D
【解祈】考查定语从句。as引导的非限性定语从句，其位置十分灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句子。故选D项。考生容易误选B项which，把逗号前面的the
number
of
smokers看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The
number
of
smokers
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.”整个一句话。另外，as和which在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。坯可以抓住as
is
reported这一常用结构，类似的还有
as
is
known
expected
planned
mentioned
said等。句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅在(过去)一年里就减少了17%。
22.Schools
should
be
lively
places
where
individuals
are
encouraged
to
_______
to
their
greatest
potential.
A.
accelerate
B.
improve
C.
perform
D.
develop
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词的辨析。accelerate加速，加快；
improve改善，提高；
perform表现，表演；
develop发展。本题语境贴近学生生活，考生必须利用这一特定语境理解动词特定含义，如果脱离语境容易选择另外三个选项。从词性上看，四个选项中的动词均可用作及物或不及物动词。这时可以根据固定搭配“develop
to
one’s
greatest
potential(最大限度地发展潜能)”锁定正确选项。句意：学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。
23.—Jim,
can
you
work
this
Sunday?
—_______?
I’ve
been
working
for
two
weeks
on
end.
A.
Why
me
B.
Why
not
C.
What
if
D.
So
what
【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。Why
me为什么是我？Why
not为什么不呢？Why
if要是……会怎样？So
what那又怎么样？句意：“Jim，周末你能加班吗？”“为什么是我？我连续工作两周了。”
24.Much
time
_______
sitting
at
a
desk,
office
workers
are
generally
troubled
by
health
problems.
A.
being
spent
B.
having
spent
C.
spent
D.
spending
【答案】C
【解祈】考查非谓语动词(独立主格结构)。分析句子结构可知，分词的逻辑主语和后面主句的主语不一致，应用独立主格结构。分词主语和分词动作之间构成選辑上的动宾关系，且动作已完成，故用过去分词。句意：上班族们坐在办公桌前太久，一般会受到健康问题的困扰。
25.
_______
Li
Bai,
a
great
Chinese
poet,
was
born
is
known
to
the
public,
but
some
won’t
accept
it.
A.
That
B.
Why
C.
Where
D.
How
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，a
great
Chinese
poet做Li
Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿意接受这一事实。
26.It
is
so
cold
that
you
can’t
go
outside
_______
fully
covered
in
thick
clothes.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
once
D.
when
【答案】B
【解析】考查状语从句。if如果；unless除非；once一旦；when当……时候。“unless
fully
covered”为“连词+省略结构”，补充完整为“unless
you
are”。“连词+省略结构”省略了从句的主语(与主句主语一致)和主语后的动词be。考生应根据前后
句意判断出前后逻辑关系，然后选择正确答案。同时，考生要注意归纳这类连词：when，while“表示时间”；if，unless“表示条件”；once“表示时间或条件”；though,
although,
even
if(though)表示“让步”。句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非穿上厚厚的衣服。
27.The
university
started
some
new
language
programs
to
_______
the
country’s
Silk
Road
Economic
Belt.
A.
apply
to
B.
cater
for
C.
appeal
to
D.
hunt
for
【答案】B
【解祈】考查动词短语的辨析。apply
to向……申请，适用于……；cater
for迎合，满足……的需要，为……提供服务；appeal
to对……有吸引力，呼吁；hunt
for猎取，寻找。句意：这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，以满足国家丝绸之路经济带之需。
28.
It
might
have
saved
me
some
trouble
_______
the
schedule.
A.
did
I
know
B.
have
I
known
C.
do
I
know
D.
had
I
known
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据题干中might
have
saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用if
I
had
known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装结构。虛拟语气重要做题原则：根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断
所考査的动词的虚拟时间：一般要保持一致，但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。另外，当if条件句中含有助动词had，should或were时，可以省略if，而将had，should或were
提到句首，从而构成倒装虚拟条件句。句意：如果我早知道日程安排的话，可能会省去我一些麻烦的。
29.The
whole
team
_______
Cristiano
Ronaldo,
and
he
seldom
lets
them
down.
A.
wait
on
B.
focus
on
C.
count
on
D.
call
on
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。wait
on服侍，等待；focus
on集中(注意力)于；count
on指望；call
on呼吁，拜访。四个选项中的动词各不相同，但所搭配的介词都是to。因此，考生应注意掌握同一个介词与不同动词的搭配的用法。此题考生容易误选B项focus
on“集中”，可以根据动词惯用搭配sb.
focus
on
sth.
“某人注意力(精力)集中在某事上”排除该选项。句意：全队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，他很少让他们失望过。
30.The
real
reason
why
prices
_______,
and
still
are,
too
high
is
complex,
and
no
short
discussion
can
satisfactorily
explain
this
problem.
A.
were
B.
will
be
C.
have
been
D.
had
been
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问题无法让人满意。根据题干中“and
still
are”的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态。
31.The
police
officers
decided
to
conduct
a
thorough
and
_______
review
of
the
case.
A.
comprehensive
B.
complicated
C.
conscious
D.
crucial
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词的辨析。comprehensive综合的，全面的，有理解力的；complicated复杂的；
conscious有意识的；crucial至关重要的。句意：警方决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。
32.Some
schools
will
have
to
make
_______
in
agreement
with
the
national
soccer
reform.
A.
judgments
B.
adjustments
C.
comments
D.
achievements
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词的辨析。judgments判断，决断；adjustments调整；comments评价，评论；achievements成就。句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。本题侧重考査在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。四个选项都可以跟前面的动词make搭配。因此，考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多积累可以跟同一动词搭配的名词。另外还可以利用固定搭配排除C项make
comments
on“对……做出评价评论”，缩小正确答案的范围。
33.—Why
didn’t
you
invite
John
to
your
birthday
party?
—Well,
you
know
he’s
_______.
A.
an
early
bird
B.
a
wet
blanket
C.
a
lucky
dog
D.
a
tough
nut
【答案】B
【解祈】考查俗语。句意：“为什么你没有邀请约翰出席你的生日聚会？”“你知道的，他是个令人扫兴的人。”an
early
bird早起的鸟儿(比喻勤劳的人)；
a
wet
blanket扫兴的人或物；
a
lucky
dog幸运儿；
a
tough
nut棘手的事情，难对付的人。
34.Many
of
the
things
we
now
benefit
from
would
not
be
around
_______
Thomas
Edison.
A.
thanks
to
B.
regardless
of
C.
aside
from
D.
but
for
【答案】D
【解祈】考查介词短语的辨析。句意：要不是爱迪生的发明，今天我们身边享用的很多东西都将不复存在。A项thanks
to“多亏”，具有很强的迷惑性，如将题干改成
“_______Thomas
Edison；now
we
can
benefit
from
many
of
the
things
around
us.”则选A项；regardless
of不管，不顾；aside
from除了(还有)；but
for“要不是”，常用于隐藏式(含蓄式)虚拟条件句。故选D项。
35.—Go
and
say
sorry
to
your
Mom,
Dave.
—I’d
like
to,
but
I’m
afraid
she
won’t
be
happy
with
my
_______.
A.
requests
B.
excuses
C.
apologies
D.
regrets
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词的辨析。requests请求；excuses借口；apologies道歉；regrets遗憾，后悔。句意：“大卫，去跟你的妈妈道歉。”“我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。”
第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I
was
required
to
read
one
of
Bernie
Siegel’s
books
in
college
and
was
hooked
on
his
positivity
from
that
moment
on.
The
stories
of
his
unconventional
36
and
the
exceptional
patients
he
wrote
about
were
so
37
to
me
and
had
such
a
big
38
on
how
I
saw
life
from
then
on.
Who
knew
that
so
many
years
later
I
would
look
to
Dr.
Bernie
and
his
CDs
again
to
39
my
own
cancer
experience?
I’m
an
ambitious
40
,
and
when
I
started
going
through
chemo(化疗),
even
though
I’m
a
very
41
person,
I
lost
my
drive
to
write.
I
was
just
too
tired
and
not
in
the
42
.
One
day,
while
waiting
to
go
in
for
43
,
I
had
one
of
Dr.
Bernie’s
books
in
my
hand.
Another
patient
44
what
I
was
reading
and
struck
up
a
conversation
with
me
45
he
had
one
of
his
books
with
him
as
well.
It
46
that
among
other
things,
he
was
an
eighty-year-old
writer.
He
was
47
a
published
author,
and
he
was
currently
48
on
a
new
book.
We
would
see
each
other
at
various
times
and
49
friends.
Sometimes
he
wore
a
duck
hat,
and
I
would
tell
myself,
he
was
definitely
a(n)
50
of
Dr.
Bernie.
He
really
put
a
51
on
my
face.
He
unfortunately
52
last
year
due
to
his
cancer,
53
he
left
a
deep
impression
on
me
and
gave
me
the
54
to
pick
up
my
pen
again.
I
55
to
myself,
“If
he
can
do
it,
then
so
can
I.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者读了Bemie
Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响。之后作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作，但在治疗期间结识一位同样受到Bemie的影响，年迈却仍坚持写作的病友。在病友死后，作者又重新拾起纸笔。
36.
A.
tastes
B.
ideas
C.
notes
D.
memories
【答案】B
【解析】根据首段首句可知，作者读了Bemie
Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响。此处
unconventional
ideas意为“非传统的观点”与上句中“积极的人生观”呼应。tastes口味；ideas观点；notes笔记；memories记忆。故选B项。
37.
A.
amazing
B.
shocking
C.
amusing
D.
strange
【答案】A
【解析】根据上文中“unconventional(非传统的)”和
“unexceptional(例外的)”提示可知，他书中所写的东西对我来说十分的惊异。amazing令人惊异的；shocking令人震惊的；amusing
有趣的”；strange奇怪的。故选A项。
38.
A.
strike
B.
push
C.
challenge
D.
impact
【答案】D
【解析】have
an
impact
on为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”；strike打击；push推，逼迫；challenge挑战；impact影响。故选D项。
39.
A.
learn
from
B.
go
over
C.
get
through
D.
refer
to
【答案】C
【解析】根据下文可知，作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作。但病友的执着和Bernie
Siegel积极的人生观让自己又重新拾起纸笔，渡过了这段艰难时期。learn
from从……中获取经验，汲取教训；go
over复习，仔细检查；get
through渡过难关；refer
to提到，涉及，参考。故选C项。
40.
A.
reader
B.
writer
C.
editor
D.
doctor
【答案】B
【解析】根据下文中“...,
I
lost
my
drive
to
write”可知，作者是一名有抱负的作家。reader读者；writer作家；editor编辑；doctor医生。故选B项。
41.
A.
positive
B.
agreeable
C.
humorous
D.
honest
【答案】A
【解析】句意：尽管我是一个积极的人，还是失去了写作的动力。a
positive
person与lost
my
drive
to
write构成让步关系，且与上文positivity呼应。positive积极的；agreeable称心如意的；humorous幽默的；honest诚实的。故选A项。
42.
A.
mood
B.
position
C.
state
D.
way
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我就是感觉太累，没有心情去写。not
in
the
mood意为“没有心情去做事”。mood心情；position位置，职位；state状态；way方式。故选A项。
43.
A.
advice
B.
reference
C.
protection
D.
treatment
【答案】D
【解析】句意：一天，当我在等待治疗时，手里拿着Bemie
Siegel的一本书。advice建议；reference提及，参考；protection保护；treatment治疗。故选D项。
44.
A.
viewed
B.
knew
C.
noticed
D.
wondered
【答案】C
【解析】句意：另外一个病人注意到我在读些什么，主动跟我攀谈起来。viewed认为；knew知道，了解；noticed注意到；wondered想知道。故选C项。
45.
A.
while
B.
because
C.
although
D.
providing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：该空后是他主动和我攀谈的原因：他身上也有一本Bernie
Siegel的书。while表示时间或轻微转折；because示原因；although表示让步；providing项表示条件。故选B项。
46.
A.
came
out
B.
worked
out
C.
proved
out
D.
turned
out
【答案】D
【解析】除此之外，他是一位八十岁的作家。came
out出现，出版；worked
out锻炼，解决，制定；proved
out证明是合适的，令人满意的；turned
out证明是，结果是it
turned
out
that是固定搭配，意为“结果是……，结果证明……”，故选D项。
47.
A.
naturally
B.
merely
C.
hopefully
D.
actually
【答案】D
【解析】句意：事实上，他是一位撰稿人，目前正在写一本新书。naturally自然地；merely仅仅；hopefully有希望地；actually事实上。故选D项。
48.
A.
deciding
B.
investing
C.
working
D.
relying
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意可知，他目前正在写一本新书。deciding
on决定，确定；investing
on投资，花时间在……上；working
on从事，忙于；relying
on依赖，依靠。故选C项。
49.
A.
became
B.
helped
C.
missed
D.
visited
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们总是在许多时候见到对方，成了朋友。became成为；hlped帮助；missed错过；visited拜访。故选A项。
50.
A.
patient
B.
operator
C.
fan
D.
publisher
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意可知，他的确是Bernie
Siegel的粉丝。patient病人；operator操作员，接线员；fan粉丝；publisher出版商。故选C项。
51.
A.
sign
B.
smile
C.
mark
D.
mask
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意可知，他的举动感染了我，使我在生活中面带微笑。sign标志，迹象，征兆；smile微笑；mark标记；mask面罩。故选B项。
52.
A.
showed
up
B.
set
off
C.
fell
down
D.
passed
away
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。showed
up出现，露面；set
off出发，动身；fell
down跌倒；passed
away去世(死的委婉表达)。故选D项。
53.
A.
since
B.
but
C.
so
D.
for
【答案】B
【解析】句意：去年他不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。since表示时间；but表示转折；so表示结果；for表示原因。故选B项。
54.
A.
guidance
B.
trust
C.
opportunity
D.
inspiration
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他激励我重新拾起纸笔。guidence指导；trust信任；opportunities机会；inspiration鼓舞，激励，启发。故选D项。
55.
A.
promised
B.
swore
C.
thought
D.
replied
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我自言自语地说：“如果他能做到，我也能。”promised承诺；swore郑重发誓；think
to
oneself
“自言自语”；replied回答。故选C项。
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中,
选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文：旅游指南。介绍了去新西兰旅游中要保护动物，处理好垃圾，注意路标等注意事项。
56.According
to
the
Code,
visitors
should
act
_______
.
A.
with
care
and
respect
B.
with
relief
and
pleasure
C.
with
caution
and
calmness
D.
with
attention
and
observation
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了去新西兰旅游中的注意事项，根据关键词“be
considerate，be
careful,
take
care”等可推知游客的行为应体现出关爱和尊重。故选A项。
57.What
are
you
encouraged
to
do
when
travelling
in
New
Zealand?
A.
Take
your
own
camping
facilities.
B.
Bury
glass
far
away
from
rivers.
C.
Follow
the
track
for
the
sake
of
plants.
D.
Observe
signs
to
approach
nesting
birds.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题“Keep
to
the
track”下的内容可知，可知在新西兰旅游时，为了减少破坏植物的可能，鼓励游客顺着路走。露营设施是提供好的，排除A项；B项偷换主体，埋藏的是toilet
waste，而非glass；D项偷换概念，observe
no
smoking
signs，而非observe
signs
to
approach
nesting
birds。故选C项。
B
In
the
United
States
alone,
over
100
million
cell-phones
are
thrown
away
each
year.
Cell-phones
are
part
of
a
growing
mountain
of
electronic
waste
like
computers
and
personal
digital
assistants.
The
electronic
waste
stream
is
increasing
three
times
faster
than
traditional
garbage
as
a
whole.
Electronic
devices
contain
valuable
metals
such
as
gold
and
silver.
A
Swiss
study
reported
that
while
the
weight
of
electronic
goods
represented
by
precious
metals
was
relatively
small
in
comparison
to
total
waste,
the
concentration(含量)of
gold
and
other
precious
metals
was
higher
in
So-called
e-waste
than
in
naturally
occurring
minerals.
Electronic
wastes
also
contain
many
poisonous
metals.
Even
when
the
machines
are
recycled
and
the
harmful
metals
removed,
the
recycling
process
often
is
carried
out
in
poor
countries,
in
practically
uncontrolled
ways
which
allow
many
poisonous
substances
to
escape
into
the
environment.
Creating
products
out
of
raw
materials
creates
much
more
waste
material,
up
to
100
times
more,
than
the
material
contained
in
the
finished
products.
Consider
again
the
cell-phone,
and
imagine
the
mines
that
produced
those
metals,
the
factories
needed
to
make
the
box
and
packaging(包装)it
came
in.
Many
wastes
produced
in
the
producing
process
are
harmful
as
well.
The
U.S.
Environmental
Protection
Agency
notes
that
most
waste
is
dangerous
in
that
“the
production,
distribution,
and
use
of
products—as
well
as
management
of
the
resulting
waste—all
result
in
greenhouse
gas
release.”
Individuals
can
reduce
their
contribution
by
creating
less
waste
at
the
start—for
instance,
buying
reusable
products
and
recycling.
In
many
countries
the
concept
of
extended
producer
responsibility
is
being
considered
or
has
been
put
in
place
as
an
incentive(动机)for
reducing
waste.
If
producers
are
required
to
take
back
packaging
they
use
to
sell
their
products,
would
they
reduce
the
packaging
in
the
first
place?
Governments’
incentive
to
require
producers
to
take
responsibility
for
the
packaging
they
produce
is
usually
based
on
money.
Why,
they
ask,
should
cities
or
towns
be
responsible
for
paying
to
deal
with
the
bubble
wrap(气泡垫)that
encased
your
television?
From
the
governments’
point
of
view,
a
primary
goal
of
laws
requiring
extended
producer
responsibility
is
to
transfer
both
the
costs
and
the
physical
responsibility
of
waste
management
from
the
government
and
tax-payers
back
to
the
producers.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施。
58.By
mentioning
the
Swiss
study,
the
author
intends
to
tell
us
that
_________
.
A.
the
weight
of
e-goods
is
rather
small
B.
E-waste
deserves
to
be
made
good
use
of
C.
natural
minerals
contain
more
precious
metals
D.
the
percentage
of
precious
metals
is
heavy
in
e-waste
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。文章第一段告诉我们，每年有大重废弃电子产品被随意丢弃。紧接着第二段首句指出：电子设备中含有有用的金金属，如金和银，并用Swiss
study佐证这一观点，因此可以推知电子垃圾值得充分利用。故选B项。
59.The
responsibility
of
e-waste
treatment
should
be
extended
_________
.
A.
from
producers
to
governments
B.
from
governments
to
producers
C.
from
individuals
to
distributors
D.
from
distributors
to
governments
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。文章第六、七、八三段围绕“生产者责任延伸”展开的，最后一段做了总结，根据“a
primary
goal
of
laws
requiring
extended
producer
responsibility
is
to
transfer
both
the
costs
and
the
physical
responsibility
of
waste
management
from
the
government
and
tax-payers
back
to
the
producers
”可知
B
项正确，是对该句的同义压缩。故选B项。
60.
What
does
the
passage
mainly
talk
about?
A.
The
increase
in
e-waste.
B.
The
creation
of
e-waste.
C.
The
seriousness
of
e-waste.
D.
The
management
of
e-waste.
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章先描述了废弃电子产品被随意丢弃这一现象，接着指出电子垃圾的可利用价值和潜在风险，主要是由于对废弃电子产品的管理不善造成的，最后呼吁政府和生产商对此承担一定的责任。故选D项。
C
Suppose
you
become
a
leader
in
an
organization.
It’s
very
likely
that
you’ll
want
to
have
volunteers
to
help
with
the
organization’s
activities.
To
do
so,
it
should
help
to
understand
why
people
undertake
volunteer
work
and
what
keeps
their
interest
in
the
work.
Let’s
begin
with
the
question
of
why
people
volunteer.
Researchers
have
identified
several
factors
that
motivate
people
to
get
involved.
For
example,
people
volunteer
to
express
personal
values
related
to
unselfishness,
to
expand
their
range
of
experiences,
and
to
strengthen
social
relationships.
If
volunteer
positions
do
not
meet
these
needs,
people
may
not
wish
to
participate.
To
select
volunteers,
you
may
need
to
understand
the
motivations
of
the
people
you
wish
to
attract.
People
also
volunteer
because
they
are
required
to
do
so.
To
increase
levels
of
community
service,
some
schools
have
launched
compulsory
volunteer
programs.
Unfortunately,
these
programs
can
shift
people’s
wish
of
participation
from
an
internal
factor(e.g.,“I
volunteer
because
it’s
important
to
me”)to
an
external
factor(e.g.,
“I
volunteer
because
I’m
required
to
do
so”).
When
that
happens,
people
become
less
likely
to
volunteer
in
the
future.
People
must
be
sensitive
to
this
possibility
when
they
make
volunteer
activities
a
must.
Once
people
begin
to
volunteer,
what
leads
them
to
remain
in
their
positions
over
time?
To
answer
this
question,
researchers
have
conducted
follow-up
studies
in
which
they
track
volunteers
over
time.
For
instance,
one
study
followed
238
volunteers
in
Florida
over
a
year.
One
of
the
most
important
factors
that
influenced
their
satisfaction
as
volunteers
was
the
amount
of
suffering
they
experienced
in
their
volunteer
positions.
Although
this
result
may
not
surprise
you,
it
leads
to
important
practical
advice.
The
researchers
note
that
attention
should
be
given
to
“training
methods
that
would
prepare
volunteers
for
troublesome
situations
or
provide
them
with
strategies
for
coping
with
the
problem
they
do
experience”.
Another
study
of
302
volunteers
at
hospitals
in
Chicago
focused
on
individual
differences
in
the
degree
to
which
people
view
“volunteer”
as
an
important
social
role.
It
was
assumed
that
those
people
for
whom
the
role
of
volunteer
was
most
part
of
their
personal
identity
would
also
be
most
likely
to
continue
volunteer
work.
Participants
indicated
the
degree
to
which
the
social
role
mattered
by
responding
to
statements
such
as
“Volunteering
in
Hospital
is
an
important
part
of
who
I
am.”
Consistent
with
the
researchers’
expectations,
they
found
a
positive
correlation(正相关)between
the
strength
of
role
identity
and
the
length
of
time
people
continued
to
volunteer.
These
results,
once
again,
lead
to
concrete
advice:
“Once
an
individual
begins
volunteering,
continued
efforts
might
focus
on
developing
a
volunteer
role
identity....
Items
like
T-shirts
that
allow
volunteers
to
be
recognized
publicly
for
their
contributions
can
help
strengthen
role
identity”.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章分析讲述志愿者为什么自发地去服务社会，并通过3个实验研究志愿者的意图。
61.People
volunteer
mainly
out
of
_______.
A.
academic
requirements
B.
social
expectations
C.
financial
rewards
D.
internal
needs
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知人们做志愿者工作的原因为“to
express
personal
values
related
to
unselfishness；to
expand
their
range
of
experiences；and
to
strengthen
social
relationships”，再结合“If
volunteer
positions
do
not
meet
these
needs,
people
may
not
wish
to
participate”可知答案为
D
项(满足内在的需求)。
62.What
can
we
learn
from
the
Florida
study?
A.
Follow-up
studies
should
last
for
one
year.
B.
Volunteers
should
get
mentally
prepared.
C.
Strategy
training
is
a
must
in
research.
D.
Volunteers
are
provided
with
concrete
advice.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中“training
methods
that
would
prepare
volunteers
for
troublesome
situations
or
provide
them
with
strategies
for
coping
with
the
problem
they
do
experience”可知志愿者应该从心理上做好充分的准备。故选B项。
63.What
is
most
likely
to
motivate
volunteers
to
continue
their
work?
A.
Individual
differences
in
role
identity.
B.
Publicly
identifiable
volunteer
T-shirts.
C.
Role
identity
as
a
volunteer.
D.
Practical
advice
from
researchers.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段第二句中“those
people
for
whom
the
role
of
volunteer
was
most
part
of
their
personal
identity
would
also
be
most
likely
to
continue
volunteer
work”可知志愿者身份认同会激励他们继续从事志愿者工作。故选C项。
64.What
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
How
to
Get
People
to
Volunteer
B.
How
to
Study
Volunteer
Behaviors
C.
How
to
Keep
Volunteers’
Interest
D.
How
to
Organize
Volunteer
Activities
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题(标题)。文章首段提出假设：假如你是一名组织领导人，很想得到志愿者的帮助。并指出在此之前，必须弄清志愿者为什么自发地去服务社会，并通过3个实验研究志愿者的意图。因此A项(如何使人们从事志愿者服务)是文章的最佳标题。
D
Freedom
and
Responsibility
Freedom’s
challenge
in
the
Digital
Age
is
a
serious
topic.
We
are
facing
today
a
strange
new
world
and
we
are
all
wondering
what
we
are
going
to
do
with
it.
Some
2,500
years
ago
Greece
discovered
freedom.
Before
that
there
was
no
freedom.
There
were
great
civilizations,
splendid
empires,
but
no
freedom
anywhere.
Egypt
and
Babylon
were
both
tyrannies,
one
very
powerful
man
ruling
over
helpless
masses.
In
Greece,
in
Athens(雅典),
a
little
city
in
a
little
country,
there
were
no
helpless
masses.
And
Athenians
willingly
obeyed
the
written
laws
which
they
themselves
passed,
and
the
unwritten,
which
must
be
obeyed
if
free
men
live
together.
They
must
show
each
other
kindness
and
pity
and
the
many
qualities
without
which
life
would
be
very
painful
unless
one
chose
to
live
alone
in
the
desert.
The
Athenians
never
thought
that
a
man
was
free
if
he
could
do
what
he
wanted.
A
man
was
free
if
he
was
self-controlled.
To
make
yourself
obey
what
you
approved
was
freedom.
They
were
saved
from
looking
at
their
lives
as
their
own
private
affair.
Each
one
felt
responsible
for
the
welfare
of
Athens,
not
because
it
was
forced
on
him
from
the
outside,
but
because
the
city
was
his
pride
and
his
safety.
The
essential
belief
of
the
first
free
government
in
the
world
was
liberty
for
all
men
who
could
control
themselves
and
would
take
responsibility
for
the
state.
But
discovering
freedom
is
not
like
discovering
computers.
It
cannot
be
discovered
once
for
all.
If
people
do
not
prize
it,
and
work
for
it,
it
will
go.
Constant
watch
is
its
price.
Athens
changed.
It
was
a
change
that
took
place
without
being
noticed
though
it
was
of
the
extreme
importance,
a
spiritual
change
which
affected
the
whole
state.
It
had
been
the
Athenian’
s
pride
and
joy
to
give
to
their
city.
That
they
could
get
material
benefits
from
her
never
entered
their
minds.
There
had
to
be
a
complete
change
of
attitude
before
they
could
look
at
the
city
as
an
employer
who
paid
her
citizens
for
doing
her
work.
Now
instead
of
men
giving
to
the
state,
the
state
was
to
give
to
them.
What
the
people
wanted
was
a
government
which
would
provide
a
comfortable
life
for
them;
and
with
this
as
the
primary
object,
ideas
of
freedom
and
self-reliance
and
responsibility
were
neglected
to
the
point
of
disappearing.
Athens
was
more
and
more
looked
on
as
a
cooperative
business
possessed
of
great
wealth
in
which
all
citizens
had
a
right
to
share.
Athens
reached
the
point
when
the
freedom
she
really
wanted
was
freedom
from
responsibility.
There
could
be
only
one
result.
If
men
insisted
on
being
free
from
the
burden
of
self-dependence
and
responsibility
for
the
common
good,
they
would
cease
to
be
free.
Responsibility
is
the
price
every
man
must
pay
for
freedom.
It
is
to
be
had
on
no
other
terms.
Athens,
the
Athens
of
Ancient
Greece,
refused
responsibility;
she
reached
the
end
of
freedom
and
was
never
to
have
it
again.
But,
“the
excellent
becomes
the
permanent”,
Aristotle
said.
Athens
lost
freedom
forever,
but
freedom
was
not
lost
forever
for
the
world.
A
great
American,
James
Madison,
referred
to:
“The
capacity(能力)of
mankind
for
self-government.”
No
doubt
he
had
not
an
idea
that
he
was
speaking
Greek.
Athens
was
not
in
the
farthest
background
of
his
mind,
but
once
man
has
a
great
and
good
idea,
it
is
never
completely
lost.
The
Digital
Age
cannot
destroy
it.
Somehow
in
this
or
that
man’s
thought
such
an
idea
lives
though
unconsidered
by
the
world
of
action.
One
can
never
be
sure
that
it
is
not
on
the
point
of
breaking
out
into
action
only
sure
that
it
will
do
so
sometime.
【语篇解读】这是一篇历史文化类说明文。文章讲述了自由的起源、演变和它在古代文化下的形态和缺陷，以及数字化世界给自由带来的挑战。
65.
What
does
the
underlined
word“tyrannies”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.
Countries
where
their
people
need
help.
B.
Powerful
states
with
higher
civilization.
C.
Splendid
empires
where
people
enjoy
freedom.
D.
Governments
ruled
with
absolute
power.
【答案】D
【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子后半句“
one
very
powerful
man
ruling
over
helpless
masses”可知tyrannies是指拥有绝对统治权的政府。故选D项。
66.People
believing
in
freedom
are
those
who
_______.
A.
regard
their
life
as
their
own
business
B.
seek
gains
as
their
primary
object
C.
behave
within
the
laws
and
value
systems
D.
treat
others
with
kindness
and
pity
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，雅典人之所以能自由地生活在一起，是因为他们能够自愿在法律规定和价值体系下下一起从事活动。故选C项。
67.What
change
in
attitude
took
place
in
Athens?
A.
The
Athenians
refused
to
take
their
responsibility.
B.
The
Athenians
no
longer
took
pride
in
the
city.
C.
The
Athenians
benefited
spiritually
from
the
government.
D.
The
Athenians
looked
on
the
government
as
a
business.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，雅典人后来态度发生了改变，因为他们开始认为政府应该为他们的劳动付费，给他们提供舒适的生活，而个人的自律和责任意识变得淡薄了。故选A项。
68.What
does
the
sentence
“There
could
be
only
one
result.”
in
Paragraph
5
mean?
A.
Athens
would
continue
to
be
free.
B.
Athens
would
cease
to
have
freedom.
C.
Freedom
would
come
from
responsibility.
D.
Freedom
would
stop
Athens
from
self-dependence.
【答案】B
【解析】句意理解题。根据第五段第三句
“If
men
insisted
on
being
free
from
the
burden
of
self-dependence
and
responsibility
for
the
common
good
they
would
cease
to
be
free”可知唯一的结果就是雅典人不再享有自由。故选B项。
69.Why
does
the
author
refer
to
Aristotle
and
Madison?
A.
The
author
is
hopeful
about
freedom.
B.
The
author
is
cautious
about
self-government.
C.
The
author
is
skeptical
of
Greek
civilization.
D.
The
author
is
proud
of
man’s
capacity.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Athens
lost
freedom
forever,
but
freedom
was
not
lost
forever
for
the
world.
”及“Athens
was
not
in
the
farthest
background
of
his
mind:
but
once
man
has
a
great
and
good
idea,
it
is
never
completely
lost.
The
Digital
Age
cannot
destroy
it.”可知作者并没有因此而失去信心，相反对自由充满了希望。故选A项。
70.
What
is
the
author’s
understanding
of
freedom?
A.
Freedom
can
be
more
popular
in
the
digital
age.
B.
Freedom
may
come
to
an
end
in
the
digital
age.
C.
Freedom
should
have
priority
over
responsibility.
D.
Freedom
needs
to
be
guaranteed
by
responsibility.
【答案】D
【解析】观点态度题。作者通过雅典人对自由态度变化的对比，得出自由需要责任做保证的这一结论，故选D项。
第四部分
任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
People
select
news
in
expectation
of
a
reward.
This
reward
may
be
either
of
two
kinds.
One
is
related
to
what
Freud
calls
the
Pleasure
Principle,
the
other
to
what
he
calls
the
Reality
Principle.
For
want
of
better
names,
we
shall
call
these
two
classes
immediate
reward
and
delayed
reward.
In
general,
the
kind
of
news
which
may
be
expected
to
give
immediate
reward
are
news
of
crime
and
corruption,
accidents
and
disasters,
sports,
social
events,
and
human
interest.
Delayed
reward
may
be
expected
from
news
of
public
affairs,
economic
matters,
social
problems,
science,
education,
and
health.
News
of
the
first
kind
pays
its
rewards
at
once.
A
reader
can
enjoy
an
indirect
experience
without
any
of
the
dangers
or
stresses
involved.
He
can
tremble
wildly
at
an
axe-murder,
shake
his
head
sympathetically
and
safely
at
a
hurricane,
identify
himself
with
the
winning
team,
laugh
understandingly
at
a
warm
little
story
of
children
or
dogs.
News
of
the
second
kind,
however,
pays
its
rewards
later.
It
sometimes
requires
the
reader
to
tolerate
unpleasantness
or
annoyance—as,
for
example,
when
he
reads
of
the
threatening
foreign
situation,
the
mounting
national
debt,
rising
taxes,
falling
market,
scarce
housing,
and
cancer.
It
has
a
kind
of
“threat
value.”
It
is
read
so
that
the
reader
may
be
informed
and
prepared.
When
a
reader
selects
delayed
reward
news,
he
pulls
himself
into
the
world
of
surrounding
reality
to
which
he
can
adapt
himself
only
by
hard
work.
When
he
selects
news
of
the
other
kind,
he
usually
withdraws
from
the
world
of
threatening
reality
toward
the
dream
world.
For
any
individual,
of
course,
the
boundaries
of
these
two
classes
are
not
stable.
For
example,
a
sociologist
may
read
news
of
crime
as
a
social
problem,
rather
than
for
its
immediate
reward.
A
coach
may
read
a
sports
story
for
its
threat
value:
he
may
have
to
play
that
team
next
week.
A
politician
may
read
an
account
of
his
latest
successful
public
meeting,
not
for
its
delayed
reward,
but
very
much
as
his
wife
reads
an
account
of
a
party.
In
any
given
story
of
corruption
or
disaster,
a
thoughtful
reader
may
receive
not
only
the
immediate
reward
of
indirect
experience,
but
also
the
delayed
reward
of
information
and
preparedness.
Therefore,
while
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
an
individual’s
tendency
may
transfer
any
story
from
one
kind
of
reading
to
another,
or
divide
the
experience
between
the
two
kinds
of
reward.
What
news
stories
do
you
read?
Division
ofnews
stories
●People
expect
to
get(71)
▲
from
reading
news.●News
stories
are
roughly
divided
into
two
classes.●Some
news
will
excite
their
readers
instantly
while
others
won’t.
(72)
▲
ofthe
two
classes
●News
of
immediate
reward
will
seemingly
take
their
readers
to
the
very
frightening
scene
without
actual(73)
▲
.●Readers
will
associate
themselves
closely
with
what
happens
in
the
news
stories
and(74)
▲
similar
feelings
with
those
involved.
●
News
of
delayed
reward
will
make
readers
suffer,
or
present
a(75)
▲
to
them.●
News
of
delayed
reward
will
induce
the
reader
to(76)
▲
for
the
reality
while
news
of
immediate
reward
will
lead
the
reader
to(77)
▲
from
the
reality.
Unstable
boundariesof
the
two
classes
●What
readers
expect
from
news
stories
are
largely
shaped
by
their(78)
▲
.●Serious
readers
will
both
get
excited
over
what
happens
in
some
news
stories
and(79)
▲
themselves
to
the
reality.●Thus,
the
division,
on
the
whole,(80)
▲
on
the
reader.
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章结合弗洛伊德心理学理论分析了不同人群选择浏览新闻时的价值取向，分析了不同人群对新闻报道的接受习惯和反应特征。
71.【答案】rewards/rewarded
【解析】信息査找题。根据“People
select
news
in
expectation
of
a
reward.
This
reward
may
be
either
of
two
kinds.”可知此处填rewards
rewarded
“得到回报被奖励”。
72.【答案】Explanations
【解析】信息概括题。文章二、三、四段是对“immediate
reward(即时回报)”和“delayed
reward(迟来的回报)”的解释。
73.【答案】involvement
【解析】信息转换题-根据第三段第二句“A
reader
can
enjoy
an
indirect
experience
without
any
of
the
dangers
or
stresses
involved.”可知此处填：involvement“参与”。
74.【答案】share
【解析】信息概括题。根据第三段中“A
reader
can
enjoy
an
indirect
experience
without
any
of
the
dangers
or
stresses
involved.
He
can
tremble
wildly
at
an
axe-murder
...
laugh
understandingly
at
a
warm
little
story
of
children
or
dogs.”可知读者会将自己和新闻故事中发生的事紧紧联系在一起，和参与者有相似的感受。因此此处填share“共有/同样有”。
75.【答案】threat
【解析】信息转换题。根据第四段中“It
sometimes
requires
the
reader
to
tolerate
unpleasantness
or
annoyance—as:
for
example；when
he
reads
of
the
threatening
foreign
situation；...It
has
a
kind
of
'threat
value.”可知此处填
threat“威胁”。
76.【答案】prepare
【解析】信息转换题。根据第四段中“It
is
read
so
that
the
reader
may
be
informed
and
prepared.”可知此处填
prepare,
与后面的介词for搭配“为……做准备”。
77.【答案】withdraw
【解析】信息査找题。根据第四段中“When
he
selects
news
of
the
other
kind
he
usually
withdraws
from
the
world
of
threatening
reality
toward
the
dream
world.”此处填withdraw
“退出，离开”。
78.【答案】profession(s)/intention
【解析】信息概括题。根据最后一段中
“For
example:
a
sociologist
may...
A
coach
may
...A
politician
may...”可知读者对新闻故事的期待很大程度上受他们职业的影响。此处填profession(s)“职业”/intention
“意图，动机”。
79.【答案】adapt
【解析】信息查找题。根据第四段中“When
a
reader
selects
delayed
reward
news,
he
pulls
himself
into
the
world
of
surrounding
reality
to
which
he
can
adapt
himself
only
by
hard
work.”可知此处填adapt“使适应”。
80.【答案】depends
【解析】信息概括题。根据最后一段中“while
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
an
individual’s
tendency
may
transfer
any
story
from
one
kind
of
reading
to
another,
or
divide
the
experience
between
the
two
kinds
of
reward.”可知这一分类取决于读者个体。此处填depends，和后面的介词on搭配“取决于”。
第五部分：书面表达(满分25分)
81.请阅读下面文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇
150
词左右的文章。
【写作内容】
1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2.结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因；
3.根据你的分析，从社会规范(rules
and
regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。
【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
【解析】
本年度的任务型写作延续了2014年的“概括+发散”的开放性书面表达命题方向(充分体现了一个“稳”
字)，但是比2014年的难度有所加大(充分体现了一个“变”字)，其难度体现在题干给出材料形式上的变
化较大：有文字还有图表，因此使考生手忙脚乱应接不暇，进而导致考生用约
30
个单词概述上述信息的
主要内容上的困难。
仔细审题，明确要求
用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因；根据你的分析，从社会规范(rules
and
regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。
提炼要点，谋篇布局
第一段用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容：对所给出的材料可以分为三个部分理解后加以概括：第一部分讲述一老奶奶阻止车辆停放；第二部分为文字材料，讲述行人和自行车不遵守红绿灯，导致交通事故发生；第三部分是图表和文字，反映近几年车辆的数量激增现象。这么多内容用30个词概括确实难度大，但是既然是概括就要提炼：总体说：交通问题是个棘手的问题。分开说：交通问题不仅影响人们的日常生活，而且可能威胁到人们的生命；以上提到的三种情况就是典型的例子。
第二段结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因：汽车数量不断增加的问题，道路方面的问题，一些驾车人、骑车人和路上行人遵守交通规则的问题等等。
第三段根据你的分析，从社会规范(rules
and
regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)：制定交通规则与公共秩序的重要性。人人都要遵守规则，维护社会秩序等等。
【参考答案】
The
traffic
issue
is
a
hard
nut
to
crack.
It
not
only
affects
our
everyday
life,
but
may
also
threaten
people’s
lives.
The
three
selections
presented
above
are
typical
examples.
Quite
a
few
things
give
rise
to
the
traffic
problem.
In
spite
of
the
large-scale
construction
of
roads
and
highways,
there
is
still
much
room
for
improvement,
because
of
the
ever
increasing
number
of
cars
these
years.
What’
s
worse,
some
drivers,
cyclists
and
pedestrians
do
not
think
it
vital
to
obey
traffic
rules.
In
fact,
traffic
rules
are
part
of
the
rules
and
regulations
closely
related
to
public
order.
Without
them,
people
could
not
enjoy
harmony
or
the
country
would
be
in
chaos.
But
rules
alone
don’t
secure
an
orderly
society.
It
is
the
people
who
obey
the
rules
that
matter.
It
is
everybody’s
duty
to
observe
them
to
keep
our
society
in
order
and
going
on
the
right
track.
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