课时跟踪训练1－1
Ⅰ.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式
1．It is generally accepted that the Chinese________(文明) is one of the oldest in the world.
2．Imagine yourself being successful and practise breathing t________to keep you calm when you get nervous.
3．Many people are eager to________the children losing their parents in the disaster and he was pleased by the ________of a little girl.(adopt)
4．We can't have________(possess) of the house until all the papers have been signed.
5．No one had enough foresight to p________the winner.
6．This is not t________of Chinese, but is a feature of the Thai language.
7．The situation in the Middle East has been a________(有争议的) topic for decades.
8．It was________(荒谬的) that this should be so difficult to say.
9．The children were having fun, chasing each other's ________(影子)．
10．Internet connections through________(常规的) phone lines are fairly slow.
答案
1．civilization 2.techniques 3.adopt; adoption
4．possession 5.predict 6.typical 7.controversial
8．ridiculous 9.shadows 10.conventional
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．________________________(巧合)that we arrived here at the same time.(it，coincident)
2．________________________________(显然)the policy was a failure，for many people were against it.(it，evident)
3．He was arrested because___________________(他被发现拥有)some dangerous drugs.(possession)
4．He is________________(忠实于)his wife.(faithful)
5．Campbell was found guilty of________________(拥有毒品)．(possess)
6．I________________________________(对……已经失去信心)that fellow，and I can no longer trust him.(faith)
7．This anti-smoking campaign ________mainly____________(针对年轻人)．(aim)
8．________________________________________(是他的特点)to help those in trouble，so he is popular among students.(typical)
9．________________________________(出席会议的)were leaders from different countries.(present)
10．It's difficult to predict___________________(生活会是什么样子)in the future.(like)
答案
1．It is coincident
2．It was evident that
3．he was found in possession of
4．faithful to
5．possessing drugs
6．have lost faith in
7．is；aimed at young people
8．It is typical of him
9．Present at the meeting
10．what life will be like
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
An artist in Oakland，California is using his skills to help the homeless.Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable.The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather.Each little house also has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes.
Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20 tiny houses.Several are on the roadside near an active railroad.On a recent day，Mr.Kloehn stops at one to visit Oscar Young.The two men hug.Inside his little shelter Mr.Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets.Mr.Kloehn also visits Sweet-Pea，another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built.She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.
In the mornings，Mr.Kloehn searches the streets for building materials.He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio.There，he puts the houses together.Empty coffee bags become roof material.A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows.Nails，screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together.The artist also attaches a small electrical device to the house.The device is powered by the sun.
Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own.But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man.
Mr.Kloehn says his work is not a social project.He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors.
1．The following are the advantages of the small shelters EXCEPT__________．
A．saving power and energy
B．protecting possessions of the homeless
C．decorating the streets where they are
D．keeping the homeless safe and comfortable
2．We can learn from the passage that__________．
A．Greg Kloehn has sold at least 20 tiny houses
B．an act of kindness has made people simple and grateful
C．the shelters are immovable
D．the government has got involved in the action
3．The passage is likely taken from__________．
A．an official report
B．an art review
C．a science magazine
D．a news report
4．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．An artist creates homes for the homeless.
B．A more comfortable shelter on the streets.
C．A successful social project in Oakland.
D．An artist makes a living by designing small shelters.
答案与解析
1．C 推理判断题。根据第一段可排除D项；根据第二段最后一句排除B项；根据第三段可排除A项。故选C项。
2．B 推理判断题。通读全文，该艺术家运用自己的技能帮助了太多的人，人们对他充满感激之情，特别是倒数第二段中的“But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man.”可知选B。
3．D 文章出处题。全文讲述了一位艺术家用废旧物品制造小房子并捐赠给无家可归的人，最有可能来自一篇新闻报道。
4．A 主旨大意题。全文都是在叙述这位艺术家为无家可归的人捐献20多栋小房子。故选A。
B
Justin Bieber may have millions of fans worldwide，but Russia's bears don't appear to admire the pop singer's music—which proved fortunate for one lucky fisherman.
Igor Vorozhbitsyn had his life saved by a Justin Bieber ringtone，when his mobile phone went off during a dangerous attack by a brown bear.
The 42-year-old was attacked as he was walking to a favourite fishing spot in northern Russia's Yakutia Republic and firmly believed that he was going to be killed.
Wild life experts believe the ringtone must have frightened the bear into stopping its attack.
“Sometimes a sharp shock can stop an angry bear in its attack and that ringtone would be a very unexpected sound for a bear，”explained one.
Mr Vorozhbitsyn suffered from cuts and severe wounds and was rescued when he was found by other fishermen after using the phone to call for help.
Mr Vorozhbitsyn—now recovering from his wounds—explained：“I had parked my car and was walking towards the spot I'd marked out when there was a tremendous impact on my back and the bear was on top of me.”
“I couldn't believe my luck when the phone went off and it ran away.”
“I know that sort of ringtone isn't to everyone's taste but my granddaughter loaded it onto my phone for a joke，”he added.
Adult brown bears can weigh as much as 600kg and have been known to kill wolves and even Siberian tigers.
Finally，this is a proof that Justin Bieber is unbearable.
5．Igor Vorozhbitsyn was attacked when__________．
A．he was fishing at his favourite fishing spot
B．he was walking towards his favourite fishing spot
C．he was phoning his granddaughter
D．he was driving to his favourite fishing spot
6．The bear stopped attacking because__________．
A．Justin Bieber came to rescue Igor Vorozhbitsyn
B．Justin Bieber sang to it
C．Justin Bieber's ringtone was a sudden fright to it
D．Igor Vorozhbitsyn's mobilephone was a sudden fright to it
7．What is the writer's attitude towards Justin Bieber?
A．positive
B．negative
C．neutral (中立的)
D．not mentioned
8．What does the last paragraph imply?
A．Justin Bieber's music is popular all over the world.
B．Justin Bieber's music is life-saving.
C．Justin Bieber's music is threatening.
D．Even bears cannot stand Justin Bieber's music.
答案与解析
5．B 细节理解题。根据第三段“The 42-year-old was attacked as he was walking to a favourite fishing spot in northern Russia's Yakutia Republic and firmly believed that he was going to be killed.”可知答案。
6．C 细节理解题。根据第四段“Wild life experts believe the ringtone must have frightened the bear into stopping its attack.”可知答案。
7．B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知答案。
8．D 推理判断题。通过上文可知，狗熊都被他的音乐吓跑了，所以选D。
C
Free Wi-Fi has become very important to us: many stores and shopping malls offer it, restaurants use it to attract customers, and for libraries and coffee shops it is a must-have service.
Even when people are traveling, they scan for free Wi-Fi.When selecting or rating a hotel, six in ten travelers believe that unlimited Wi-Fi is the most important factor.
“Today, people will never forget to pack their smart phones, tablets and laptops into the suitcase，”said the Daily Mail.“We rely on free Wi-Fi heavily when traveling-especially when it comes to checking social media, checking out travel tips, and accessing websites.”
However, despite the opportunities that free Wi-Fi gives us, “our over-reliance on technology has come at a price, with travelers feeling unable to escape social media，”said Lonely Planet, the world's largest travel guide brand.
AnitaIsalska，Lonely Planet editor and tech addict, was forced to unplug when in an isolated (隔绝的) camp in Greenland recently.“Adjusting to this slower pace, I began to realize that: social media had changed into a habit，”she wrote.“I had believed I was capturing(捕捉) moments, but in reality my busy fingers were preventing me from enjoying travel's deepest pleasures.How fully can you appreciate a huge glacier or wild flowers when your brain is selecting the right photo filter (滤镜) or the perfect six seconds to take photos？”
In September, Lonely Planet released 10 predictions for the future of global travel.One of them was that true escapes will be highly valued in future, so remote hotels will start to make their lack of the Internet into an appealing feature.Would you like to have an unplugged holiday?
9．According to the passage, people nowadays tend to do the following EXCEPT__________．
A．getting out of a library that has no access to the Internet
B．thinking ill of a hotel without Wi-Fi
C．enjoying travelling better without carrying any Hi-Tech equipment
D．making travel plans via the Internet
10．Through the fourth paragraph, the author intends to__________．
A．show a different opinion on the topic
B．give more evidence to the view mentioned
C．get into another topic
D．summarize the previous paragraphs
11．What has AnitaIsalska realized in Greenland?
A．Travelers cannot survive without Hi-Tech.
B．Her fingers are not flexible enough to take enough pictures.
C．Taking pictures doesn't affect appreciating nature.
D．Her over-reliance on technology has come at a price.
答案与解析
9．C 细节理解题。本题针对文章前三段的内容，也就是论述free Wi-Fi为人们生活带来的便捷。A项源于第一段内容，B项源于第二段内容，D项源于第三段内容。而选项C来自第三段原文：“Today, people will never forget to pack their smart phones, tablets and laptops into the suitcase，”said the Daily Mail.“We rely on free Wi-Fi heavily when traveling...”。
10．A 推理判断题。第四段出现关键词：“However”，文章转向另外一个议论角度：free Wi-Fi的缺点。
11．D 细节理解题。对于A选项，AnitaIsalska的经历说明没有高科技的生活是可能的。B和C选项的错误来源于对“I had believed I was capturing(捕捉) moments, but in reality my busy fingers were preventing me from enjoying travel's deepest pleasures.How fully can you appreciate a huge glacier or wild flowers when your brain is selecting the right photo filter (滤镜) or the perfect six seconds to take photos？”这段话的理解，即高科技分散了旅行者欣赏自然美景的精力。由第四段第一句和第五段可知D项正确。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Jimmy is one of my closely friends.Two months ago, his mother bought a computer to him as a birthday present.She hoped Jim will study hard with the help of the computer.To his surprise, Jimmy just wasted plenty of time play computer games every day.Now she regrets buying the computer.As matter of fact, a computer can do a lot of everyday jobs for us.It is wide used in factories, hospitals, banks and so on.Many computers scientists are now trying to make the computer to “think” like a man.In my opinion, the key is what we should use it wisely.
1．closely→close/closest 形容词修饰名词，所以closely→close/closest。
2．to→for 他妈妈为他买了一台电脑，应该用介词for。
3．will→would 在宾语从句中，主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用相应的过去时态。
4．his→her 这里表示令她吃惊的是，这里的“她”指的是吉姆的妈妈。
5．play→playing 介词之后用动词的-ing形式。
6．matter前加a as a matter of fact是固定用法，“事实上”。
7．wide→widely 副词修饰动词。
8．computers→computer 表示电脑科学家，computer应该用单数。
9．去掉to make sb.do，make后接不带to 不定式，所以去掉to。
10．what→that 这是一个表语从句，引导词在从句中不充当任何成分，所以用that。
课时跟踪训练1－2
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．When I was in trouble, I had many friends who gave me ________________________________________(许多鼓励)．
2．Opposite our school ________________________(坐落着一个公园)，where a lot of people play or take exercise at any time.
3．________________________________(预料) house price in big cities will continue to rise.
4．________________________________(一方面), they wanted to visit their manager in hospital; _______________________________(另一方面), they didn't want to disturb his rest.
5．You should ________________________(尝试) to settle this problem, otherwise you would regret.
6．Now he is ________________________(拥有) a big company and has a high position in society now.
7．There is a new market near my house.My mother often goes there and buys ________________________(我们所需要的) for our meals.
8．________________________(重要的事情；what主语从句) is that we let others know we care about them.
9．________________________(相信；faith) the masses is the requirement by government.
10．Senior three students are working hard to _______________(达到目的；aim) to be admitted into famous universities.
答案
1．a great deal of encouragement
2．lies a park 3.It is predicted that
4．On the one hand; on the other hand
5．make an attempt 6.in possession of
7．what we need 8.What is important
9．Having faith in 10.achieve their aims
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019年高考·课标全国卷Ⅱ)
It's about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers' home in Minnesota.During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting，Ehlers __1__about the small dog he had seen __2__alongside the road.He had __3__ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had __4__．
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that __5__ dog.So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove__6__．After a long and careful__7__．Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving __8__away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with__9__．It just started licking(舔)Ehlers' face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one__10__as lost in the local paper.The ad had a__11__number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers__12__the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had__13__their dog.
Jeff had__14__in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff searched__15__for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.“It's good to know there's still someone out there who__16__enough to go to that kind of__17__，”says Lisa of Ehlers' rescue__18__．
“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as__19__to it as I am to my dogs，” says Ehlers.“If it had been my dog, I'd hope that somebody would be__20__to go that extra mile.”
1．A.read B．forgot
C．thought D．heard
2．A.read B．trembling
C．eating D．sleeping
3．A.tried B．agreed
C．promised D．regretted
4．A.calmed down B．stood up
C．rolled over D．run off
5．A.injured B．stolen
C．lost D．rescued
6．A.home B．past
C．back D．on
7．A.preparation B．explanation
C．test D．search
8．A.cautiously B．casually
C．skillfully D．angrily
9．A.surprise B．joy
C．hesitation D．anxiety
10．A.predicted B．advertised
C．believed D．recorded
11．A.house B．phone
C．street D．car
12．A.called B．copied
C．counted D．remembered
13．A.fed B．adopted
C．found D．cured
14．A.hunted B．skied
C．lived D．worked
15．A.on purpose B．on time
C．in turn D．in vain
16．A.cares B．sees
C．suffers D．learns
17．A.place B．trouble
C．waste D．extreme
18．A.service B．plan
C．effort D．team
19．A.equal B．allergic
C．grateful D．close
20．A.suitable B．proud
C．wise D．willing
答案与解析
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到了主人。
1．C 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers一直在想关于那只狗的事，think about“考虑”。故选C。
2．B 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边“发抖”，trembling“发抖”。故选B。
3．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth.“尽力做某事”。故选A。
4．D 考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了，run off“跑开”的意思。故选D。
5．C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lost“丢失”。故选C。
6．C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers给他的朋友Greg打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。 根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back“向后，回原处”。故选C。
7．D 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细寻找小狗，search“寻找”。故选D。
8．A 考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened, nervousness, fear等词并结合上文，并根据下文Ehlers最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously“谨慎地，小心地”。故选A。
9．B 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy“开心”。故选B。
10．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失的狗。根据本句的in the local paper及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise“登广告”。故选B。
11．B 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，phone number“电话号码”。故选B。
12．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers给Jeff和Lisa(狗的主人)打了电话，call“打电话”。故选A。
13．C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，find“找到”。故选C。
14．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt“打猎”。故选A。
15．D 考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，in vain“徒劳”。故选D。
16．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。根据上文可知，此处是指Ehlers对狗足够关心，care“关心”。故选A。
17．B 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers开车把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里远的机场，把它航空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble“麻烦”。故选B。
18．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa在评论Ehlers帮助他们找回狗付出的努力，effort“努力”。故选C。
19．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。根据下文Ehlers说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to“靠近”。故选D。
20．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do“乐意做某事”。故选D。
Ⅲ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to say “Happy birthday to me”
Tomorrow is my birthday, and I'm at an age when not everyone looks forward to cakes and presents.
__1__It always makes me feel excited to be alive and grateful for my life and my family.So I think even if your birthday is a regular old day at work or home, there are some easy ways to raise it to the special occasion.
Give a gift to someone else.__2__While everyone loves to open a birthday present, there is a lot of joy and goodness to be gained from being generous with others.Making a birthday donation to a charity that means something to you.__3__
Try something new.Today is new to us.Why not enjoy the newness of the moment? Dip your tones into some new waters, sign up for an adult education class, go for a new-to-you park or plan a new trip.__4__
__5__Whether or not you have the opportunity to share a meal, outing or party with friends and family, please take time on your birthday to connect with people who are important to your life, if you use social media like phones, you are likely filled with well-wishes from loved ones.Use these as a jumping off point to start new conversations and reconnect with people who lift your spirits and support in your journey towards being your best self.
A．I love my birthday, though.
B．It's better to give than to receive.
C．Connect with people who matter to you.
D．This year my birthday is on a Saturday.
E．Freshen up yourself with countless opportunities.
F．One choice is to donate a dollar amount to match your age.
G．Download an app to learn a new language is also a good choice.
答案与解析
本文属于生活哲理性文章。通过描述对生日的热爱，表明自己通过过生日来感谢家人，与朋友联系，可以与朋友家人一起吃饭，郊游或聚会，可通过社交媒体收到亲人的祝福。这样可提升你的精神，让你的人生旅途有更好的支持。
1．A 根据前句“Tomorrow is my birthday, and I'm at an age when not everyone looks forward to cakes and presents.”作者过生日已不是期待生日蛋糕和礼物的年纪了，和后句“It always makes me feel excited to be alive and grateful for my life and my family.”生日总是让“我”能够为活着感到兴奋，感谢“我”的生活和“我”的家人。由此可判断虽然生日不是期待东西，但“我”还是喜欢它。故选A。
2．B 本段主要讲述有关捐赠的。根据前句“Give a gift to someone else.”送礼物给别人，和后句“While everyone loves to open a birthday present, there is a lot of joy and goodness to be gained from being generous with others.”既然人人都喜欢打开礼物，因此对别人的慷慨给予是有一种快乐和善意。分析选项可知应该是给别人礼物会让人心情好。故选B。
3．F 根据前句“Making a birthday donation (捐赠) to a charity that means something to you.”把你生日礼物捐赠给慈善事业有一定的意义(something)。本段主要讲述捐赠的。分析选项F有捐赠东西，故选F。
4．G 本段的主题句是“Try something new.”，后文主要讲述尝试新东西，比如报名参加成人教育班。分析选项G有尝试新东西，如学习一门新的语言，与此相关，故选G。
5．C 本段主要叙述要抽出时间与那些对你很重要的人保持联系。分析选项C句意与本段有复现，如文中有“connect with people who are important to your life...”而C项Connect with people who matter to you.就是对这句话的解释，故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio.It__1__(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it__2__(actual) caught fire and burned.Now, years later, this river is one of__3__most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn't changed in a few days__4__
even a few months.It took years of work__5__(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is__6__(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you leave a habit__7__is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation, don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are__8__(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the__9__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be__10__(patience)．
答案与解析
本文通过借用凯霍加河在以前污染非常严重，经过多年的努力，艰苦的工作终于有了回报，河水变干净了的事实告诉我们：当你面对看起来不可能解决的事情时，要敢于想办法慢慢解决，不能急躁，因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们需要耐心一点。
1．was 考查动词过去时态和主谓一致。根据本段第一句“In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.”可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio在过去被污染得如此地严重，所以说过去没有人能够想象到这条河被清理干净。又主语“It”为三单，故填was。
2．actually 考查副词用法。本句中使用副词actually作状语修饰谓语动词caught fire。actual是形容词，不能在句中作状语，通常只作定语或者表语修饰名词。故填actually。
3．the 考查冠词。横线后是形容词最高级most outstanding，形容词最高级前要加the，故填the。
4．or 考查前后的选择关系。从上一段最后一句可知几年后，这条河是环境净化最杰出的例子之一。从语境可知这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。因此前后是选择关系，故用or。
5.to reduce 考查固定句式。固定句式：It takes sb.some time to do sth.“某人做某事花了多少时间”；句中的不定式to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语。前面的it是形式主语。故填to reduce。
6．cleaner 考查比较级。本句： the water in the river is__________(clean) than ever，横线后面有than，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式。故填cleaner。
7．which/that 考查定语从句。本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a habit，定语从句中使用关系代词that/which指代先行词，在句中作主语，不能省略。故填which/that。
8．amazing 考查修饰物的形容词。小技巧：凡是-ed结尾的常用来形容人，表示“人感到……”，-ing结尾的常用来形容物，表示“令人感到……”。本句__________(amazed) stories中所填词修饰“stories 故事”，所以要用amazing。故填amazing。
9．changes 考查名词复数。横线后面是系动词are，说明横线处主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以用changes。故填changes。change既可以作名词也可以作动词，在此为名词。
10．patient 横线前面有系动词be，说明此处应用形容词，本句是一个祈使句be patient“耐心一点”。patient形容词，意为“耐心的”；patience名词，意为“耐心”。故填patient。
课时跟踪训练1－3
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．The weather at the moment is not________(典型的) for July.
2．The artist combines different________(技术) in the same painting.
3．It was________(荒谬的) that this should be so difficult to say.
4．We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is________(抽象的)．
5．The museum has several life-sized________(雕塑) of people and animals.
6．We can't ________(预测) future events.
7．I'm interested in________(当代的) Chinese literature.
8．They finally________(采纳) our advice on how to finish the work.
9．He________(努力) to watch the wonderful film, but failed.
10．Check your________(财产) before you get off the bus.
答案
1．typical 2.technique 3.ridiculous 4.abstract
5．sculptures 6.predict 7.contemporary 8.adopted
9．attempted 10.possessions
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Over the last seventeenth century the painting styles_____(change) a great deal.
2．He was the first painter________(work) outdoors.
3．It took________(little) money to build the house than before.
4．This is the masterpiece________he is famous for.
5．Mike is allergic________fresh flowers.
6．It was________to me to do the cleaning.
7．He visited a lot of places of interest，________(include) the West Lake and the Great Wall.
8．The beautiful garden is well worth________(visit)．
9．The beauty of the charming girl appealed________the young man.
10．He is considering________(buy) a flat in the town, which is considered________(be) convenient.
答案
1．have changed 2.to work 3.less 4.which/that
5．to 6.up 7.including 8.visiting 9.to
10．buying；to be
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
It's that time of year when people need to lock their cars.It's not because there are a lot of criminals running around stealing cars.Rather，it's because of good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest.Especially with this year's large crop，leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to fill it with zucchini(西葫芦)．
My sister，Sharon，recently had a good year for tomatoes.She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they had begun to feel their skin turn slightly red.That's when she decided it was time to share her blessings.She started calling everyone she knew.When that failed，she began asking everyone in the neighborhood，eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes.“Feel free to take whatever you want，”Sharon told her.Later that day，Sharon found that her garden had indeed been harvested.She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn't go to waste.
A few days later，Sharon answered the door.There was the neighbor，holding a hot loaf of bread.The neighbor smiled pleasantly，“I wanted to thank you for all of the tomatoes，and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hoped you wouldn't mind.”
Sharon couldn't think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said so.“Oh，but you did，”the neighbor said.“You had some of the prettiest zucchini I've ever seen.”
Sharon was confused.They hadn't even planted any zucchini.But her neighbor insisted that there really were bright-green zucchini in her garden.Sharon felt curious and decided to go to see where the zucchini had grown.The two of them walked together into the backyard.When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables，Sharon smiled.“Well，actually，those are cucumbers(黄瓜)that we never harvested，because they got too big，soft and bitter for eating.”
The neighbor looked at Sharon，shock written all over her face.She gulped(哽住)a few times，and then，smiling，held out the bread，part of a batch she had shared all over the neighborhood.“I brought you a nice loaf of cucumber bread.I hope you like it.”
1．Why does the author warn people in the neighborhood to lock their cars?
A．They might be stolen by thieves at night.
B．They might be moved away by the police.
C．Their neighbors might fill them with their harvest.
D．Their neighbors might throw cucumbers into them.
2．How did Sharon's friends react to the invitation to take her tomatoes?
A．They did not accept her kind offer.
B．They were all delighted to have the tomatoes.
C．They said they would go when they were free.
D．They began to tell everyone they knew about it.
3．What did the neighbor do in Sharon's garden?
A．She only harvested some tomatoes.
B．She took some cucumbers mistakenly.
C．She took something with Sharon's help.
D．She harvested a few zucchini by accident.
4．We can infer that the neighbor's bread would taste__________．
A．soft and sweet
B．hard and sour
C．funny and bitter
D．fragrant and delicious
答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了邻居之间共享丰收果实时出现的一个有趣的小插曲。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句“Rather，it's because of the good-hearted neighbours who want to share their harvest.”及第四句内容可知，好心的邻居会与他们共享丰收的果实，故选D项。
2．A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“She started calling everyone she knew.When that failed...”可知，她给认识的人打电话，结果失败了，故选A项。
3．B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Well，actually，those are cucumbers(黄瓜)that we never harvested”可知，这位邻居错摘了莎伦家园子里的黄瓜，故选B项。
4．C 推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“because they got too big，soft and bitter for eating”可知，邻居错把黄瓜当成了西葫芦，黄瓜面包的味道会有点怪，故选C项。
B
March 21 has been declared World Sleep Day，a time to recognize and celebrate the value of sleep.Many sleep experts hope it will be a_wake-up_call.
According to a 2016 poll(民意调查)by the National Sleep Foundation，nearly 4 in 5 Americans don't get as much sleep as they should during the workweek.On average，adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night，although some can manage with less and some won't do well without more.But the survey found that，on workdays，only 21% of Americans actually get a full eight hours of sleep，and another 21% get less than six.
To many of us，the thought of spending more time sleeping is，well，a big yawn.On the other hand，the thought of being smarter，thinner，healthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal.And those are just a few of the advantages that can be ours if we consistently get enough sleep, researchers say.Also on the plus side: We're likely to have better skin，better memories，better judgment，and，oh，yes，longer lives.
“When you lose even one hour of sleep for any reason，it influences your performance the next day，” says Dr.Alon Avidan，director of the UCLA Sleep Disorders Center.
A study published last year found the same to be true even of children.When kids aged 8 to 12 slept for just one hour less for four nights，they didn't fun_ction as well during the day.
But sleeping has an image problem.“We see napping or sleeping as lazy，” says Jennifer Vriend，a clinical psychologist in Ottawa，Canada，and the leading author of the study with children.“We put so much emphasis on diet，nutrition and exercise.Sleep is in the back seat.” In fact，she adds，no matter how much we work out，no matter how well we eat，we can't be in top physical shape unless we also get plenty of sleep.
5．The underlined part in Paragraph 1 means________．
A．to wake up the sleepers
B．to draw people's attention
C．to serve as a morning call
D．to declare the special day
6．From Paragraph 3 we can infer that__________．
A．the thought of being healthier is not very attractive
B．sleeping has nothing to do with one's expectations
C．enough sleep is the guarantee of the appealing things
D．spending more time on sleeping is a waste of time
7．What Jennifer Vriend said in the last paragraph implies that__________．
A．people care little about sleeping
B．sleeping is not important
C．lazy people tend to sleep long
D．sleeping is only part of our life
8．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To talk about people's sleeping problems.
B．To provide an investigation result of sleeping.
C．To stress the fun_ction of sleeping at night.
D．To raise the awareness of enough sleeping.
答案与解析
作者通过一项调查说明如今的人们缺乏睡眠的现象十分严重，唤醒人们对于充足睡眠的意识。
5．B 推理判断题。由第一段第一句“March 21 has been declared World Sleep Day，a time to recognize and celebrate the value of sleep.”可知，3月21日被宣布为世界睡眠日，是一个认识和赞美睡眠价值的日子，由此可以推知，很多睡眠专家希望可以通过这样一个宣传日来吸引更多人对于睡眠的关注，所以B项正确。A项“唤醒睡眠者”，C项“用作一个叫醒电话”，D项“声明这个特殊的一天”，均不合语境。故正确答案为B。
6．C 推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句“On the other hand，the thought of being smarter，thinner，healthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal.And those are just a few of the advantages that can be ours if we consistently get enough sleep，researchers say.”可知，变得更精明、更苗条、更健康和更愉快有十足的吸引力，而那些只是我们一直获得足够睡眠的众多优点中的几个，由此可推知，C项“足够的睡眠是一些很有吸引力事情的保证”符合文章说法，所以C项正确。A项，“变得更加健康对我们来说是众多的优点之一”，这是一个一般事实，而不是从文中推断而出，所以A项错误；B 项，“睡眠和个人期望无关”，由“the thought of being smarter，thinner，healthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal”可知，睡眠与个人期望有关，所以B项错误；D项，“花更多的时间睡觉是浪费时间”，与第三段的描述相悖，所以D项错误。故正确答案为C。
7．A 推理判断题。由最后一段第二、三、四句 Jennifer Vriend 说的话“‘We see napping or sleeping as lazy，’……‘We put so much emphasis on diet，nutrition and exercise.Sleep is in the back seat.’”可知，我们把打盹儿或睡觉看成懒惰，我们总是强调饮食、营养和锻炼，睡眠却抛在脑后，由此可以推知，A项“人们很少在意睡眠”符合 Jennifer Vriend 话中的意思，所以A项正确。B项，“睡眠存在一个印象问题”，是文章原话，作者通过引用 Jennifer Vriend 说的话来解释“睡眠存在一个印象问题”，而非Jennifer Vriend 的话中暗示(imply)，所以B项错误；C项，“懒人往往会睡懒觉”，Jennifer Vriend 只是说人们会认为，而不是事实就是那样，C项无法推出，所以C项错误；D项，“睡眠只是我们生命的一部分”，Jennifer Vriend 说的是人们对于睡眠的印象问题和睡眠的重要性，D项无法推出，所以D项错误。所以正确答案为A。
8．D 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过 World Sleep Day 引出睡眠问题，第二段引用一项调查说明如今的人们缺乏睡眠的现象十分严重，第三段阐述足够的睡眠的好处，第四、五段说明缺乏睡眠的影响，最后一段通过引用 Jennifer Vriend 的话说明人们对于睡眠的刻板印象，再次强调足够睡眠的重要性，可见，文章的目的就是为了唤醒人们对于充足睡眠的意识，所以D项正确。A项“讨论人们的睡眠问题”；B项“提供睡眠的调查结果”；C项“强调夜晚睡眠的作用”，都只是文章中的部分内容，不能作为作者的写作意图，所以A、B、C项均错误。故正确答案为D。
C
Several years ago, Masaru Ibuka, chairman of Sony, was at a company planning a meeting.Suddenly he had a brilliant idea.He stopped the meeting and asked everyone present what would happen if Sony removed the recording fun_ction and speaker and sold headphones with a tape player instead.Almost everyone thought he was crazy.Still, Ibuka kept thinking about his idea and worked at improving it.The result, of course, turned out to be the wildly successful Sony Walkman.
Good ideas often start with a seemingly silly question.Bill Bowerman was making breakfast one day.As he stood there making waffles (华夫饼干)for his son, he wondered what would happen if he poured rubber into his waffle iron.Later ，he tried it and the result looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today.Still, when he took this idea to several existing shoe companies, he was laughed at.In fact, every single company turned him down.Though rather discouraged, Bowerman insisted and went on to form his own company, making NIKE athletic shoes.
Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration .When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he had some paperwork that he needed to have delivered across the country the next day.Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible.He sat for a long while, lost in thought.Why couldn't there be a reliable overnight mail delivery service? He decided to design one.Smith did just that and turned his design into a class project.His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts.However, Smith was not through.He improved the idea in that class project and finally turned it into one of the first and most successful overnight mail service in the world—FedEx.
We know that each of these ideas led to a very successful product or service that has changed the way many of us live.The best questions are usually open-ended and are often silly.Children aren't afraid to ask such questions, but adults frequently are.Think how different the world might be if people never asked “silly” questions!
9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Sony Walkman achieved great success with its recording fun_ction and speaker.
B．Bill Bowerman was experimenting with rubber for large shoe companies.
C．Shoe companies rejected Bill Bowerman as they failed to see the potential of Nike.
D．Fred Smith got the idea of an overnight mail service from his own experience.
10．What do the three persons mentioned in the passage have in common?
A．They were all determined about carrying out their ideas.
B．They were good at answering other people's silly questions.
C．They started their own company after discussing with others.
D．They had a very clear plan for their new ideas at the very start.
11．We can conclude from the passage that__________．
A．asking others for their silly questions leads to inventions
B．lots of creative ideas usually end up as “silly” questions
C．adults usually ask more silly questions than children
D．crazy ideas sometimes contribute to great inventions
12．The passage is mainly developed by__________．
A．analyzing possible reasons
B．presenting different opinions
C．providing typical examples
D．listing practical suggestion
答案与解析
本文是一篇议论文。文章通过三个人的例子来论述“疯狂的想法有时有助于伟大的发明。”
9．D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible.He sat for a long while, lost in thought.Why couldn't there be a reliable overnight mail delivery service？”可知，弗雷德·史密斯从他自己的经历中得到了夜间邮递服务的主意。故选D。
10．A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Still, Ibuka kept thinking about his idea and worked at improving it.The result, of course, turned out to be the wildly successful Sony Walkman.”第二段中“Though rather discouraged, Bowerman insisted and went on to form his own company, making NIKE athletic shoes.”和第三段中“He improved the idea in that class project and finally turned it into one of the first and most successful overnight mail service in the world — FedEx.”可知，文章中提到的三个人的共同点是“他们都下定决心要实现他们的想法。”故选A。
11．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“We know that each of these ideas led to a very successful product or service that has changed the way many of us live.”可知，从这篇文章我们可以得出结论，疯狂的想法有时有助于伟大的发明。故选D。
12．C 推理判断题。本文通过三个人成功的例子来证明“如果人们从来不问‘愚蠢’的问题，世界将会多么不同！”故选C。
Ⅳ.短文改错
About two years ago, I worked hard and entered a locally key school, which my parents were proud of it.From then up, I got up early and got to the school on time.After school, I went back home in time to help my parents do some housework while enjoy some light music.However, one day my mother persuading me to live at school to learn to be independent to prepare the future life.As I was unhappy, I understood my parents and followed their advices.Before living at school, I found it helped me save time and learn what to get on with others.
答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在考上重点中学后，父母劝服作者住校以学会独立，通过住校作者还学会了如何与他人相处。
1．locally→local 考查形容词。句意：两年前，我努力学习，考上了当地的一所重点中学，这让我的父母很骄傲。修饰名词key school用形容词，故locally改为local。
2．去掉it 考查代词。句意参考上题解析，此处为非限制性定语从句，关系代词which 作of的宾语，it是多余的，故删掉it。
3．up→on 考查固定搭配。句意：从那时起，我每天早起并按时到校。from then on表示“从那时起”，故then后的 up改为on。
4．enjoy→enjoying 考查状语从句的省略。句意：放学后，我及时回到家帮父母做一些家务，同时听一些轻音乐。在while引导的时间状语从句中，当主从句主语一致时，可以省略从句中的主语和be，本句省略了I was，故enjoy改为enjoying。
5．persuading→persuaded 考查时态。句意：然而有一天，我母亲劝我住校，学会独立，为以后的生活做准备。事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故persuading改为persuaded
6．prepare后加for 考查固定搭配。句意参考上题解析，prepare for表示“为……做准备”，故在prepare后加for。
7．As→Though或Although 考查状语从句。句意：尽管我不高兴，但我还是理解父母并听从了他们的建议。此处表示让步而非因果关系，故As改为Though或Although。
8．advices→advice 考查名词。句意参考上题解析，advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故advices改为advice。
9．Before→After 考查连词。句意：住校后，我发现住校节省了很多时间并让我学会如何与他人相处。根据句意可知此处表示“在……后”，故Before改为After。
10．what→how 考查宾语从句。句意参考上题解析，根据句意可知此处表示“如何”，故what改为how。
课时跟踪训练1－4
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Actually，if Van Gogh ________ (die) at the age of twenty，no one would have connected him with failure or mental illness.
2．Columbus could never have found America if he ________(not be) curious.
3．It ________(be) cool if I won this contest.I don't think I'm good enough, though.
4．If it ________(be)not for the climate，I would stay here much longer.
5．If you had listened to me，we ________(be)at the party.Move over，I'll drive.
6．—I failed again.I wish I ________(work) harder.
—But you didn't.
7．If you________________(work) hard then, you would be in the university now.
8．Had the government limited the sales of cars much earlier, traffic jam and pollution ________(be) so serious now.
9．—Without your help，we ________(finish)this task on time.
—My pleasure.
10．Had he ________(catch) the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting.
答案
1．had died 2.had not been 3.would be 4.were
5．would be 6.had worked 7.had worked
8．would not be 9.would not have finished 10.caught
Ⅱ.完形填空
As is known to all, most stories of kindness do not begin with formerly drug-addicted celebrity (名人) bad boys.__1__does.
When this__2__took place, I was accompanying my grandmother at a huge garden party.__3__， Robert Downey Jr, in a nice cream-colored suit, came in.I pointed out this big movie star to grandma__4__， but she was far more interested in piling her paper plate with cheese.
As my 80-year-old grandmother rose for the__5__after the party, she fell into a wheelchair ramp (踏板) nearby.The sharp ramp__6__her leg open and it was bleeding.
I should have quickly taken control of the__7__—but due to my blood faint, I didn't.Luckily, Robert Downey Jr.__8__
He called an ambulance immediately, and asked someone to__9__a blanket.He took off his suit and__10__his suit around her leg.The cream color turned dark red.Robert surely knew how to speak to her，__11__， distract her.He stayed with my grandmother until the ambulance came，__12__her hand and telling her she was breaking his__13__by leaving so early.I hurried into the ambulance without a word, feeling too shy to thank him.
Some 15 years after that garden party, and five years since he'd been set free from prison for possession of drugs in his car, I came across Robert in a fancy restaurant.I was__14__to respect people's privacy and never__15__someone having a meal.But on this day, I decided to__16__the code.
“I don't have any__17__if you remember this...”and I told him the story.“I just wanted to tell you that it was simply the kindest act I've ever__18__．”
It's never too__19__to express our appreciation for kindness which lies in everyone, even a celebrity bad boy.__20__， appreciation itself is a sort of kindness.
1．A.Mine B．His
C．Hers D．Yours
2．A.party B．kindness
C．accident D．story
3．A.Slowly B．Expectedly
C．Suddenly D．Interestingly
4．A.excitedly B．surprisingly
C．fortunately D．successfully
5．A.garden B．wheelchair
C．star D．exit
6．A.tore B．broke
C．cut D．pushed
7．A.situation B．blood
C．crowd D．injury
8．A.got across B．turned up
C．got ready D．calmed down
9．A.buy B．rent
C．lend D．fetch
10．A.tied B．covered
C．placed D．pulled
11．A.instead B．for example
C．otherwise D．or rather
12．A.shaking B．waving
C．holding D．pressing
13．A.schedule B．heart
C．promise D．mind
14．A.persuaded B．born
C．raised D．forced
15．A.bother B．talk to
C．stare at D．upset
16．A.abandon B．set
C．follow D．improve
17．A.idea B．trouble
C．doubt D．interest
18．A.called for B．witnessed
C．heard of D．performed
19．A.embarrassing B．careful
C．late D．strange
20．A.However B．After all
C．Therefore D．On the contrary
答案与解析
本文为故事类阅读。作者的奶奶在晚会离开时在出口受伤流血，是大明星罗伯特·唐尼帮忙进行处理，但当时作者害羞没有对他表示感谢。15年后再见罗伯特是在他因车中夹带毒品释放后的5年，作者终于对他说了谢谢。因为作者认为对一个人，即使他是个坏男孩表示感激是永远不会晚的。
1．A 考查形容词性物主代词。Mine我的；His他的；Hers她的；Yours你的。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述“我”的故事。即“众所周知，善良的故事大多不是从吸毒成瘾者的名人开始的，我的故事却是从瘾君子开始的”。Mine相当于my story。因此选A。
2．D 考查名词辨析。party党派，派对；kindness 善意；accident事故；story故事。根据第一段的内容可知，是关于“我”的故事，所以本句是说这个故事开始的时候。因此D项符合题意。
3．C 考查副词辨析。Slowly慢慢地； Expectedly预期地；Suddenly突然地；Interestingly有趣地。根据语境可知，当这个故事发生的时候，“我”陪着祖母参加一个大型的花园聚会。突然，小罗伯特·唐尼穿着一件漂亮的奶油色西装进来了。根据语境可知，小罗伯特突然出现，故选C项。
4．A 考查副词辨析。excitedly 激动地，兴奋地；surprisingly出人意外地，惊人地； fortunately幸运地；successfully成功地。根据空前的“I pointed out this big movie star to grandma” 可知，小罗伯特是一个大明星，可知一般人见到大明星都会非常激动，故看到名人，“我”非常激动，因此选A项。
5．D 考查名词辨析。garden花园；wheelchair轮椅；star明星，星星；exit出口。根据上下文可知，派对结束，自然是要从“出口”走，故选D项。
6．C 考查动词辨析。分析“The sharp ramp__6__her leg open and it was bleeding.”句子可知，踏板很锋利及腿流血了，可知是锋利的踏板割破了她的腿，故选cut，因此C正确。
7．A 考查名词辨析。situation情形，局面；blood血；crowd人群；injury受伤处，伤害。本句说“我本应该很快地控制局面(situation)”，但由于“我”的晕血，“我”没有能处理好。可知选A。
8．B 考查动词短语辨析。got across越过，向某人讲清楚；turned up出现，声音调大；got ready准备；calmed down冷静。本句说“奶奶的腿受伤流血，我本应很快处理好，由于我晕血，我没有处理。幸运的是小罗伯特唐尼出现了”。因此本题选B项。
9．D 考查动词辨析。buy买；rent租； lend借出；fetch去取来。根据上下文的内容可知，“他立刻叫了救护车，叫人去拿毯子”。可知选D项。
10．A 考查动词辨析。tied(用线、绳等)系；covered覆盖；placed 放置；pulled拉。根据语境可知，他叫人拿来毯子，并脱下西服用它捆住奶奶流血的腿。根据常识可知，此时要止血，就是用东西捆住伤处才能止血，故选A。
11．D 考查副词(短语)辨析。instead反而，相反的是；for example例如；otherwise 否则的话； or rather更确切地说。根据常识可知“罗伯特当然知道如何跟她说话，或者更确切地说，分散她的注意力”。故选D项。
12．C 考查动词辨析。shaking摇动，挥动；waving挥手，摇摆；holding拿，握，容纳；pressing压，压制。当安慰受伤者，不会是摇动(shaking)，挥动(waving)或压着受伤者的手，而应该是握着她的手来缓解压力。本句说小罗伯特唐纳握住(holding)奶奶的手来安慰她。故选C项。
13．B 考查名词辨析。schedule时刻表，明细表；heart心，心脏；promise承诺，诺言；mind头脑，精神，智力。本句是说的安慰的话，“告诉她这么早离开会伤了他的心”，这是用于宽心老人的话，根据语境可知heart符合语境。故选B项。
14．C 考查动词辨析。persuaded 说服；born生产，出生；raised抚养，培养，养育，筹集，提升；forced强迫。本句是说“我”从小就被培养尊重别人的隐私，因此选C项。
15．A 考查动词(短语)辨析。bother烦扰，打扰，使……不安；talk to和……说话；stare at好奇地盯着；upset使失望。根据上下文的内容，作者是一个家教好的人，从小被教育要尊重别人的隐私，因此也不会打扰别人吃饭的，故选A。
16．A 考查动词辨析。abandon放弃，抛弃；set设定，安置；follow跟着，接着；improve提高，改善。根据本句中转折连词but可知，“我”从小受的教育是尊重他人的隐私。而but后面的内容就是不管所受的教育，即放弃(abandon)，故选A。
17．A 考查名词辨析。idea主意，想法，观念；trouble麻烦困难；doubt 怀疑；interest兴趣，利益。根据语境可知，句意“我不知道你是否记得这件事……”。have an idea为固定搭配，意为“知道”，本句中是否定式，因此选A。
18．B 考查动词(短语)辨析。called for呼吁，号召；witnessed见证，目睹；heard of 听说；performed表现，表演。本句的意思是“我只是想告诉你，这只是我亲眼目睹过的最仁慈的行为。”根据上文的内容可知，作者亲眼所见罗伯特帮助奶奶的行为，故填B。
19．C 考查形容词辨析。embarrassing令人尴尬的，令人为难的；careful仔细的，小心的；late 晚的，迟的；strange奇怪的，陌生的。本句意为“对每个人，甚至是一个坏男孩来表示善意的感激永远不会太迟”，故选C项。
20．B 考查副词(短语)辨析。句意：毕竟，感激本身就是一种仁慈。However无论如何；After all 毕竟；Therefore因此；On the contrary正相反。根据语境可知，After all符合题意，故选B。
Ⅲ.七选五
When you think about people who have made the world a better place，you probably think of famous scientists or great leaders.That is not all the truth.__1__An act of kindness can bring a smile to a person's face even if only for a moment.
●Give away your money.__2__For example，if you want to help hungry children，you can try to find an international organization that provides food for those in poor areas.Every cent you give away will mean a lot.
●Help a stranger.Your small actions can brighten the day of others.Hold the door for someone whose hands are full.Help the blind cross the street.__3__The key is expecting nothing in return for your acts of kindness.
●Care about those you know.Show the people close to you how much you care about them.Tell them they mean a lot to you.Make a beautiful gift for a friend.Take your husband to his favorite fun place if he has had a hard week.__4__
●Be grateful to others.Have you had good service in a restaurant？Thank the waiter.Do you have a very good neighbour who is always there when you need her？Tell her how much you appreciate her being in your life.
●__5__If a friend needs skills in a certain area，offer your advice.Perhaps she is struggling to set up a computer，and you know how to do that.Offer whatever ability you have，but always remember to be polite.
A．Keep walking forward.
B．Share your knowledge.
C．Small steps，not big ones.
D．Give your seat on the bus to an old man.
E．Choose a charity that has meaning for you.
F．Tell your children how much they mean to you.
G．Ordinary people like you and me can also help a lot.
答案与解析
文章介绍了普通人如何为这世界、为他人献出一点爱的问题。
1．G 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据前一句“That is not all the truth.”以及后一句“An act of kindness can bring a smile to a person's face even if only for a moment.”可知，普通人的一些小的举动也可以让我们的世界更美好。故选G。
2．E 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据本段的中心句“Give away your money.”和后面说的例子可知捐助是一种很好的方式，而E项就提到了向慈善机构捐款的内容。故选E。
3．D 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据本段的中心句“Help a stranger.”以及本段所列举的小例子可知，对于陌生人要“勿以善小而不为”。故选D。
4．F 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。本段是讲对于所认识的人也可以多加关心。前面提到怎么关心丈夫，所以F项“对于孩子的关爱”比较符合。故选F。
5．B 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据空格下文可知，本段中说的是你可以在某一领域给别人帮助。由此推知B项Share your knowledge.“分享你的知识。”切题。故选B。
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2019年高考·课标全国卷Ⅰ)
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．结束语已为你写好。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
Dear Sir/Madam，
I'm Li Hua, an outgoing boy, who is studying in London.I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team, having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city.I have some advantages for the job.
First of all, having lived in China for sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child, I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.Besides, having a good knowledge of Chinese paintings because of my familiarity with Chinese painting culture, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it.Last but not least，through my introduction and efforts, I believe, I can strengthen the friendship between China and England.I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours，
Li Hua
