课时作业1
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Cycling is highly ________ (benefit) to our health and the environment.
2．He has never been ________ (absence) from school this term.
3．Please accept my sincere ________ (congratulate) on your marriage.
4．The library in the city is ________ (access) to people at weekends.
5．People are ________ (annoy) by what the driver did to the little girl.
6．He is so ________ (ambition) that he wants to play at the highest level.
7．The young ________ (assist) often assists us in preparing tools for experiments.
8．Without his ________ (encourage) to me, I would have been defeated in the game.
9．The wine is ________ (suit) for drinking.
10．On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting ________ (company)．
答案
1．beneficial 2.absent 3.congratulations
4．accessible 5.annoyed 6.ambitious 7.assistant
8．encouragement 9.suitable 10.companion
Ⅱ.单句改错
I think it will be such sunny a day as it was yesterday.
__________
2．My little brother is like a bull in a china shop，always knock things over. __________
3．While doing my homework，I met a problem difficult to solve.
__________
4．He is buried in writing his novel，in some words，he can't spare us even a minute to take a trip. __________
5．Look，this is an excellent article that I have cut down of the magazine. __________
6．We used to sit around discuss our dreams. __________
答案
1．such→so 2.knock→knocking 3.met后加上with
4．some→other 5.down→out 6.discuss→discussing
Ⅲ.短语活用
in other words，make fun of，cut out，cut in，adapt to，out of breath，out of order，all in all，as well as，sit around，never mind，have access to
1．You're not paid ________________ doing nothing!
2．________________， her condition is greatly improved.
3．It's bad manners ________________ the disabled.
4．He ________________ after running for the bus.
5．My doctor says I must________________ smoking and strong drinks.
6．The children find it hard ________________ their new school.
7．Students at the private school ________________ excellent sports facilities.
8．Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources，________________ one of the oldest.
9．Your performance in the exam did not reach the required standard，________________， you failed.
答案
1．to sit around 2.All in all 3.to make fun of
4．was out of breath 5.cut out 6.to adapt to
7．have access to 8.as well as 9.in other words
Ⅳ.完形填空
Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man__1__ out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very__2__. She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could__3__， but, of course, there is not a lot one five－year－old can do to solve (解决) the problem of homelessness.
Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman，__4__an old shopping trolley (购物车) which was piled with__5__. It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more__6__to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people __7__they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn't__8__as bad.
Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to__9__her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to__10__“Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to __11__to the cause. She also organized a fundraising (募捐) drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone's spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another__12__called National Red Scarf Day－a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada's __13__and homeless.
There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah's Place”， something that Hannah is very__14__of. Hannah's Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that__15__outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of__16__. For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the__17__of young people to change the world. But__18__all this, Hannah still has the__19__life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a__20__in the world. You can, too!
1．A.jumping B．eating C．crying D．waving
2．A.annoyed B．nervous C．ashamed D．upset
3．A.behave B．manage C．help D．work
4．A.pushing B．carrying C．buying D．holding
5．A.goods B．bottles C．foods D．bags
6．A.excited B．determined
C．energetic D．grateful
7．A.since B．unless C．although D．as
8．A.sound B．get C．feel D．look
9．A.exchange B．leave C．keep D．spread
10．A.sell B．deliver C．host D．pack
11．A.contribute B．lead
C．apply D．agree
12．A.campaign B．trip
C．procedure D．trial
13．A.elderly B．hungry C．lonely D．sick
14．A.aware B．afraid C．proud D．sure
15．A.going B．sleeping C．travelling D．playing
16．A.praises B．invitations
C．replies D．appointments
17．A.needs B．interests C．dreams D．efforts
18．A.for B．through C．besides D．along
19．A.healthy B．public C．normal D．tough
20．A.choice B．profit C．judgement D．difference
答案与解析
这是一篇记叙文。心地善良的Hannah在两次目睹忍受饥饿、无家可归的人的悲惨生活后，竭尽所能地给予他们帮助。女孩的善举感染了很多人。
1．B 根据下文中的“her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry”可知，那个人从垃圾中寻找食物吃。
2．D 根据上文可知，Hannah看到有人在垃圾中寻找食物吃，又根据下文她的反应可知，她很难过，故选D。
3．C 根据后半句中的“there is not a lot one five－year－old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness”可知，Hannah想伸出援助之手。help“帮助”。
4．A 根据语境可知，此处表示一位无家可归的女人推着购物车。push“推动”。
5．D 文中讲，一位无家可归的女人推着购物车，购物车中堆满了包裹，似乎女人的一切都在这些包裹里。根据语境可知，此处用bags。
6．B 看到这些无家可归、缺少食物的人，Hannah决心要帮助他们。determined adj.“坚定的，坚决的”。
7．A 自从Hannah与母亲第一次遇到无家可归的人以来，她一直与母亲谈论着无家可归的人的生活状况。根据语境可知，空处用since引导时间状语从句。
8．C Hannah的母亲告诉她，如果她做一些事来改变这个问题，那她就不会感觉这么难过了。根据语境可知，空处用动词feel。
9．D 根据上文的“Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces”可知，Hannah想传播希望，提高人们的意识，从而呼吁人们关注无家可归的人。spread“传播”。
10．C Hannah开始举办“大老板”午餐，她将试图说服当地商界领袖为帮助无家可归和饥饿的人作贡献。host“主持，作为主人招待”。
11．A 参见上题解析。contribute to“捐献，为……作出贡献”。
12．A 根据文中的“people donate $20 and wear red scarves”可知，此处表示一种活动。campaign“(为取得某种结果而进行的政治、商业或社会性的)运动，活动”。
13．B 根据第一段中的“She asked her mother why he did that，and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry”可知，此处应用形容词hungry。
14．C 根据下文可知，Hannah's Place给人们提供躲避严寒的地方，这使她感到骄傲(proud)。
15．B 文中讲，在严寒时睡(sleeping)在户外意味着死亡。
16．A 由下文的“For example，she received the 2007 BRICK Award”可知，别人给予Hannah很多肯定和表扬。praise“赞扬，称赞”。
17．D 2007 BRICK Award这个奖项认可像Hannah一样的年轻人为改变世界而作出的努力。effort“努力”。
18．B 此处指“但在她做所有这些事的过程中”，故用through。
19．C Hannah仍然过着普通校园女生的生活，只是常常去探望无家可归的人。normal“正常的”。
20．D Hannah是一个通过努力改变世界的年轻人。make a difference“有作用，有影响”。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
(2019年河南省信阳高级中学高三第一次大考)
In my very first job with some archaeologists, I wasn't digging objects out of the ground, instead I was employed as an artist, drawing what they found. However, I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them and that's how my career in archaeology started. I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road, the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia, and I also work on some underwater projects too.
In archaeology, my all-time hero is an American called Raphael Pumpelly. I first heard about him when I was a student on a trip to Turkmenistan, a country right in the heart of Asia. To get around the country, I had to learn Russian so that I could speak to the local people. When I got there I thought, “Wow! I'm one of the first Americans here！” Then an old man told me about an American archaeologist, Raphael Pumpelly, who was there doing the same thing over 100 years ago.
Archaeology's in my family. My wife's in the same profession, and, although our two boys aren't interested in the future in archaeology themselves, we've been on some great digs together and they love what we do because they get to travel with us. Last summer, we took them to Lake Titicaca in South America, in the high areas of the Andes mountain range. My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast. There's very little rain and it's so dry that everything is kept as it was. In an old house, where the owner used to store goods from the ships that came in, I picked up a 700-year-old mat in front of the house and there, under it, after all that time, was the house key with the owner's name carved on it. It felt like he could be on his way home any minute! And I thought, “Hey, I do just that. This man's not much different to me！”
1．While working in Egypt, what did the writer find so interesting?
A．That people from different centuries can be so similar.
B．The fact that the doormat was in such good condition.
C．The way the people managed to live in such a dry place.
D．That there had been so much trade in that area.
2．Which entry will the writer probably make in his diary?
A．Turkmenistan is interesting. I'm the first American to come here but I'm glad this is my last trip away.
B．I have been diving today and found some objects for an exhibition. I've just finished drawing them for my records.
C．I wish my children weren't more interested in archaeology and would not work hard in the open like their parents.
D．It's nearly dark but Raphael's still busy digging in that old house. He can be very annoying. He thinks he's the most important person here.
3．What is the writer's main purpose in writing the text?
A．To describe the life of an archaeologist he admires.
B．To persuade people to take up archaeology as a career.
C．To explain what he enjoys about being an archaeologist.
D．To show how archaeologists work.
答案与解析
作者讲述了自己在各地考古的经历和感受，介绍了作为考古学家喜欢做的事。
1．A 推理判断题。根据第三段My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast和It felt like he could be on his way home any minute! And I thought, “Hey, I do just that. This man's not much different to me！”可知作者看见地垫下的钥匙，感觉700年前的那个人就在回家的路上，感觉彼此没有什么不同。故选A。
2．B 推理判断题。根据第一段I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road, the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia, and I also work on some underwater projects too.可知作者从事丝绸之路路线的画图，还从事水下工作。B项I have been diving today and found some objects for an exhibition. I've just finished drawing them for my records.与画展品和水下工作有关，故选B。
3．C 推理判断题。根据第一段I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them.和第三段My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast.可知作者在文中介绍了自己作为考古学家喜欢做什么，故选C。
Ⅵ.语法填空
One day, the lion king announced that he was going to get married, __1__ invited all the animals to attend the wedding ceremony. So the tortoise thought, “I am an animal. I shall attend it as well.” Then he set out on the journey.
On his way, he met __2__ animals. They were __3__ (surprise) for a few seconds and then began to laugh at the tortoise, saying, “How silly you are! The ceremony is starting. Can you make __4__ as you walk so slowly? I'm afraid you still can't be there after the baby lion king is born, or grow up or even __5__ he gets married.” But the tortoise had made his mind __6__ (go)．
Many years passed, and he finally got to the entrance of the lion king's cave. No doubt __7__ the lion king's wedding __8__ (finish) a long time ago. However, the tortoise found that the cave was so well-decorated and all varieties of animals were there. They told the tortoise, “Today, the son of __9__ old lion king is going to get married.”
How could the tortoise attend the little lion king's wedding party if he __10__ (stop) half-way?
答案
1．who 2.other 3.surprised 4.it 5.after
6．to go 7.that 8.had finished 9.the
10．had stopped
课时作业2
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Marty is a disabled but ____1____(fair)positive person who never feels sorry for ____2____and has learned to adapt to his disability. Marty always ____3____(consider)he has a good life. He is realistic ____4____his disability but he never stops doing as much as he ____5____．He keeps himself busy ____6____(do)things like writing and computer programming ____7____do not require physical strength. He has friends with ____8____he can go to movies and football matches and he has lots of pets. He also studies hard. He is a ____9____(mental)strong and independent boy. Marty is able to live as rich and full ____10____life as everyone else.
答案
1．fairly 2.himself 3.considers 4.about 5.can
6．doing 7.that 8.whom 9.mentally 10.a
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The film adapted to a true story was very moving.
__________
Her most annoyed habit was eating with her mouth open.
__________
Congratulation to everybody who is admitted to our university.
__________
In other word, she must give up singing.
__________
5．The student sat at the table, read an interesting novel.__________
答案
1．to→from 2.annoyed→annoying
3．Congratulation→Congratulations
4．word→words 5.read→reading或在read前加and
Ⅲ.语境填空
ambition，suitable，benefit，absence，annoy，conduct，abolish，resign，congratulate，adequate，approval，handy，companion
1．This is a very __________ tool for opening cans.
2．We hope our plan will meet with your __________too.
3．The prime minister will__________ if the vote goes against him.
4．She never achieved her __________ of becoming a famous writer.
5．It can be __________ to share your feelings with someone you trust.
6．These traditions should __________， because they are out of date.
7．I __________ you once more; this is the best thing you could have done.
8．The soldier was __________ from his camp for three days without asking for a leave.
9．We're looking for a very special person，preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas __________．
10．If we hadn't made __________ preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.
11．It __________me to be kept waiting so long.
答案
1．handy 2.approval 3.resign 4.ambition
5．beneficial 6.be abolished 7.congratulate
8．absent 9.suit 10.adequate 11.annoyed
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我不仅要适应美国的生活方式，而且要帮助他们更好地理解中国文化。
Not only will ________________ the American lifestyle, but also help them understand the Chinese culture better.
2．换句话说，在很多方面他们都是不同的。
________________， they are different ______________．
3．过去步行去上班，但现在我不这样了。
I ________________ on foot but I don't do that now.
4．骑自行车对身体和环境都有益。
Cycling ______________ the environment ____________ health.
5．我们朝目的地进发，一路上又笑又唱。
We headed for the destination, ________________all the way.
答案
1．I adapt myself to
2．In other words; in many ways
3．used to go to office/work
4．is beneficial to/benefits/is of benefit to; as well as
5．laughing and singing
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
When I was in middle school I used to get teased (戏弄) a lot about my face because I had really bad acne(痤疮). And when I got to high school, the teasing continued.
There was a guy at my school named Adrian who teased me every chance he got. One day after school Adrian followed me home and started teasing me again. As soon as I got home I started crying. My mom came home and asked me what happened, and I told her. She told me that I needed to do something about the teasing.
I decided to file a formal complaint against Adrian at my school. He got sent to the teacher's office and was forced to apologize to me. The teacher wanted to suspend(停课) Adrian for the rest of the school year. I told the teacher that suspending Adrian wasn't necessary. I just wanted him to leave me alone and stop teasing me.
Even though Adrian did finally leave me alone, it didn't change the fact that he had really hurt me. Because of the things he said, I felt Adrian had taken away all my self-respect and my pride. Whenever a guy gave me a compliment(赞美), I wasn't sure if he really meant it or if he was just saying it as a joke.
As I got older, I have learned that whenever a person teases another person, it's because they don't like themselves so they are trying to feel better by bringing someone else down.What they don't realize is that they are hurting themselves more than they are hurting another person's feelings. I have learned that I can't please everyone and I have to please myself.
I have forgiven Adrian for what he did to me in high school. I finally realize that I am a beautiful woman inside and out. Always love yourself, just be who you are, and never let anyone take your self-respect away from you.
1．When in middle school, the author was frequently teased because __________．
A. she was too fat
B. she had no friends
C. she had bad acne on her face
D. she wasn't confident about herself
2．When the author's mother heard about the teasing, she told the author to __________．
A. let the teacher suspend that boy
B. take action to prevent such behavior
C. pay no attention to what the boy said and did
D. think from another point of view and forgive him
3．The fact that the author doubted about other people's compliments shows that __________．
A．what Adrian did had great effect on her
B．she seldom got compliments during high school
C．she had a bad relationship with her friends and teachers
D．she was not good at telling right from wrong at that time
4．In the author's opinion, those who tease others so as to make themselves feel better should __________．
A．share their feelings with friends
B．seek help from family members
C．improve their self-esteem
D．learn to like themselves
答案与解析
本文作者讲述了自己战胜自卑、找回自尊的经历。作者给那些跟自己有着相同经历的女孩们提出了一些能够帮助她们找回自尊的建议。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When I was in middle school I used to get teased(戏弄) a lot about my face because I had really bad acne(痤疮)．”可知，作者在上中学时被取笑是因为她的脸上长了严重的痤疮。
2．B 推理判断题。根据第二段末尾的“She told me that I needed to do something about the teasing.”和第三段中作者的举动可推知，作者的妈妈得知这件事之后，建议作者采取行动制止这种行为。
3．A 推理判断题。文章第四段主要讲了Adrian 所作所为对作者造成的不良影响。该段中提到的作者对别人的赞扬表示怀疑正是为了证明这种不良影响很大。
4．D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“whenever a person teases another person, it's because they don't like themselves so they are trying to feel better by bringing someone else down”可知，作者认为那些为了让自己感觉更好而取笑他人的人应当学会爱自己。
B
I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn't want me for the film－it wanted somebody as well known as Paul－he stood up for me. I don't know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft (技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other－but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core (核心) of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back－he with his Newaman's Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He'd been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn't talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words.
5．Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?
A．Paul Newman wanted it.
B．The studio powers didn't like his agent.
C．He wasn't famous enough.
D．The director recommended someone else.
6．Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A．They were of the same age.
B．They worked in the same theater.
C．They were both good actors.
D．They had similar characteristics.
7．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Their belief.
B．Their care for children.
C．Their success.
D．Their support for each other.
8．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To show his love of films.
B．To remember a friend.
C．To introduce a new movie.
D．To share his acting experience.
答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了与Paul的相识及与其建立友谊的原因，虽不常见面但是却因共同的信念而保持着友谊。
5．C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When the studio didn't want me for the film－it wanted somebody as well known as Paul－he stood up for me”可知，摄影棚起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Paul一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。该题选C项。
6．D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors”可知，作者与Paul之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D项符合题意。
7．A 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back”可知，下文的内容是对the belief的解释，that引导同位语从句，解释说明the belief的具体内容。下文提到了我们并不经常见面，但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。
8．B 写作目的题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”以及最后一段中的“I last saw him a few months ago”可知，该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友，所以选B项。
Ⅵ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last year's springtime __1__ (be) the perfect moment to visit Huangshan in Anhui Province to go for a hike and see the beautiful scenery that attracts so many __2__ (visitor) every year. My boyfriend and I prepared the back pack, __3__ turned out to be too heavy for the hike. I am an inexperienced hiker and those endless steps made me want to return to safe places. But with the help of my boyfriend's motivation：“Look, the top is coming closer and closer. We are almost there.” I controlled __4__ (I)and kept going. After a three hour exhausting hike to the top, but with spectacular views on the way, we finally arrived on the top and also found a hotel. But all the rooms were too __5__ (expense) for us. So I asked the possibility of a tent. The hotel owner sold a tent __6__ 80 RMB.He was such a friendly person that he even offered to put up the tent for us. So the only foreign guests that night ended up __7__ (sleep) in a tent. We spent the night __8__ (comfortable) in the tent and at 5 am woke up to see the unbelievable sunrise. Afterwards, we __9__ (continue) to explore the beautiful area around Huangshan and walked all the steps back down to safe grounds, which made my muscles ache even more than the climb up. This is __10__ unforgettable adventure during my three years in China.
答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在中国期间一次去黄山旅游的经历，这给作者留下了难忘的印象。
1．was 考查动词时态。讲述作者去年春天去安徽黄山旅游的经历，用一般过去时。
2．visitors 考查可数名词的数。visitor是可数名词，由many修饰，用复数。
3．which 考查非限制性定语从句。which代指先行词the back pack，在定语从句中作主语。
4．myself 考查物主代词。myself指“我自己”。
5．expensive 考查形容词作表语。所有的房间对我们来说太贵了。
6．for 考查介词用法。for后跟表示价钱的词意为“以……的价格”。店主卖一顶帐篷要价80元人民币。
7．sleeping 考查动名词作介词宾语。end up doing sth. 最终……。
8．comfortably 考查副词作状语。我们舒服地在帐篷里住了一晚。
9．continued 考查一般过去时态。作者讲述发生过的经历，这里用一般过去时。
10．an 考查冠词。这是一次难忘的经历。表示泛指，用不定冠词；unforgettable元音音素前应用不定冠词an。
课时作业3
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A few days after the interview I received a letter __________(offer) my admission to the university.
2．He told us whether__________ (have) a picnic was still under discussion.
3．Schools across China are expected to hire 50，000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers，almost three times the number hired last year, ____________(help) reduce unemployment pressures.
4．Simon made a big bamboo box ____________ (keep) the little sick bird till it could fly.
5．The scientist was rewarded by the government for __________ (make) such a great contribution to the country.
6．More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced__________(raise) people's concern over food safety.
7．__________(complete) the project in time，the staff were working at weekends.
8．David threatened __________ (report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
9．The children all turned __________ (look at) the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
10．With Father's Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank__________ (buy) presents for my dad.
答案
1．offering 2.to have 3.to help 4.to keep
5．having made 6.to raise 7.To complete
8．to report 9.to look at 10.to buy
Ⅱ.短文填词
用方框内短语的适当形式填空。
adapt to；cut out；in other words；out of breath；sit around；in many ways；make fun of；all in all
There was a time when children with mental disabilities were prevented from living a normal life __1__. They used to __2__ in their own homes after being educated in special schools. Other people sometimes __3__ them. But now things are changing. There are training programmes for young people with mental disabilities, which have proved very beneficial.
Students like Xie Li, mentally disabled from birth, now have a chance to become athletes. But it is a challenge. She has to __4__ training programmes as well as mixing with other able-bodied athletes. “Xie Li's confidence has grown，” said her father.
“She looks much better and is not so often __5__ after her training. __6__ her mother and I are very happy with her progress.” So, instead of __7__ mainstream activities, mentally disabled students can become part of the mainstream. __8__， they can lead a more fulfilling life.
答案
1．in many ways 2.sit around 3.made fun of
4．adapt to 5.out of breath 6.All in all
7．cutting out 8.In other words
Ⅲ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she __________(live) there，she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.
2．Don't handle the vase as if it __________(make) of steel.
3．We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we __________(visit) more places of interest yesterday.
4．Sorry，I am too busy now. If I__________(have) time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.
5．Jack is a great talker. It's high time that he__________(do) something instead of just talking.
答案与解析
1．were to live/should live/lived 句意：Grace不想搬到纽约去，因为她认为如果她住在那里，就不能经常见到父母了。考查虚拟语气。根据wouldn't be able to see... 及句意可知，该句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，所以if从句谓语动词需用“were to＋do或should＋do或动词过去式”。
2．were made 句意：拿花瓶时不要当它是钢做的一样。本题考查虚拟语气。as if意为“好像”，分析句意可知as if后面的句子须使用虚拟语气，并且所述情况是对现在事实的假设，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态。
3．should/could/would/might have visited 句意：我们在那个小村庄迷路了，要不然，我们昨天能参观更多的名胜。本题考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知谓语动词部分所表达的意思与过去事实相反，需用“should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词”结构。
4．had 句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我有时间，我一定会跟你去郊游。 考查虚拟语气。根据第一句可知设空处是对现在的假设，故if从句谓语动词为过去式。
5．did/should do 句意：杰克是一个大空谈家，到他该做事情而不是空谈的时候了。考查虚拟语气句型It is high time that sb. did sth. 或It is high time that sb. should do sth. 到某人该做某事的时候了。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
When something goes wrong，it can be very satisfying to say, “Well, it's so-and-so's fault.” or “I know I'm late, but it's not my fault; the car broke down.” It is probably not your fault，but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation，you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner's key to success.
Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don't rely on the person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well.
This is what being a winner is all about—creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners don't have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is”. Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stop on for success.
1．According to the passage, winners__________．
A．deal with problems rather than blame others
B．meet with fewer difficulties in their lives
C．have responsible and able colleagues
D．blame themselves rather that others
2．The underlined word “remedy” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to__________．
A．avoid B．accept
C．improve D．consider
3．When your colleague brings about a problem, you should__________．
A．find a better way to handle the problem
B．blame him for his lack of responsibility
C．tell him to find the cause of the problem
D．ask a more able colleague for help
4．When problems occur, winners take them as________．
A．excuses for their failures
B．barriers to greater power
C．challenges to their colleagues
D. chances for self-development
答案与解析
成功者的秘诀是什么呢？解决问题而不是责备别人！
1．A 推理判断题。根据文中第二段和第三段开头句“Winners are great at overcoming problems.”和“This is what being a winner is all about-creatively using your skills...”可知成功者总是解决问题而不是责备别人。
2．C 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句“if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner's key to success.”可知。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第二段“if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person.”可知。
4．D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents.”可知。
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill－cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me.__1__
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.__2__We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun－filled holiday in the wilderness.__3__Instead, we had a pop－up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature－loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
__4__We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty－eight－foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built－in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
__5__It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A．This time there was no tent.
B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到喜欢的转变过程。
1．D 考查上下文的连贯。上文说，作者一开始对野营产生过抵触情绪。但是，从下文可知，作者后来喜欢上了野营活动。本空表示意义的转折，承上启下，为下文做铺垫。故选D。
2．C 考查前后句的连贯。根据下文可知，这次野营活动从住宿、饮食到洗澡都很艰苦。故选C，对下文内容进行概括。
3．A 考查前后句的连贯。前句说，作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，后句说，这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调。故选A，起承上启下的作用。
4．F 考查上下文的连贯。本段讲述作者一家开始野营，并采购很多野营的装备。由此可知，自上次活动以来作者一家对野营活动非常感兴趣。故本空选F。
5．E 考查总结概括的能力。上文讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到感兴趣的转变过程，由此可见，作者已经完全喜欢上了野营活动。故本空选E。
Ⅵ.短文改错
Dear peter，
I'm writing to tell you something about e-hongbao, that is very popular in China.
E-hongbao is actual a kind of lucky money from and to relatives and friends during festivals or in special occasions. For many young people, grabbing e-hongbao on our mobile phones is a fairly exciting activity. Unlike the tradition of elders give lucky money to children, over half of the people sending e-hongbao is in their 20s. It's just for fun but giving best wishes, while the sum of money matters a little. In a word, e-hongbao is bringing new color to the old tradition.
Now I'm concerned about the safe of online payment, and rules and regulations needed to be improved to guarantee its operation.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案
课时作业4
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The young man ________ (管理)his business carefully.
2．The research can not be completed without ________ (充分的)funding.
3．We had to ________ (辞职)ourselves to making a loss on the sale.
4．As we know, the Internet helps people have easy ________ (通路)to all kinds of information.
5．Tom is a terrible dancer; he's too ________ (笨拙的) and keeps stepping on his partner's feet.
6．The company plans to ____________ (加强) its hand in Europe by opening an office in Spain.
7．A lot of people are __________ (反对) to the plan of building a new factory near the school.
8．Obviously we can't deal with the problem until we know all the __________(情况)．
9．That meeting achieved __________ (绝对地) nothing — it was a complete waste of time.
10．The washing machine broke down just after the__________(保修期) ran out.
答案
1．conducted 2.adequate 3.resign 4.access
5．clumsy 6.strengthen 7.opposed
8．circumstances 9.absolutely 10.guarantee
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Mr. Green got his milk __________(deliver) to the door.
2．I think it good if they banned__________ (smoke) in restaurants and cafes as well.
3．—How unhappy your roommate looks!
—Yes, but he's not willing to tell me what it is ________ is troubling him.
4．He rushed to the airport only__________ (tell) that the plane was high up in the sky.
5．Bob was the first singer __________ (win) the Nobel Prize in literature.
6．This is such a difficult problem __________ nobody can work out.
7．The center, dealing with children__________(addict) to computer games has achieved great success.
8．The effect global warming has __________ man's existence is more unpleasant.
9．In recent years, large quantities of Chinese medicine __________ (export) to more than 130 countries due to its magic effects.
10．He escaped __________ (kill) by holding on to a tree.
答案
1．delivered 2.smoking 3.that 4.to be told
5．to win 6.as 7.addicted 8.on
9．have been exported 10.being killed
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他们本应该在午饭时间就到达的，但是他们的航班被耽搁了。
They ________________ at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
2．我本该早点儿来的，但我不知道当时他们正在等我。
I ________________ sooner but I ______________ that they were waiting for me.
3．要不是约翰最近受伤了，我们昨天就把他的名字填在比赛名单里了。
We ________________ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
4．如果不是他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那个项目。
But for their help，we __________________ the program in time.
5．在打篮球方面，没有人能够与姚明相比。
No one __________________ Yao Ming in playing basketball.
答案
1．should have arrived
2．would have come；didn't know
3．would have put
4．could not have finished
5．can be compared with
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentration (含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.
Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more than the material contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and packaging (包装) it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.
The U．S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that“the production, distribution, and use of products—as well as management of the resulting waste—all result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start—for instance, buying reusable products and recycling.
In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive (动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?
Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫) that encased your television?
From the government's point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.
1．By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that ________．
A．the weight of e-goods is rather small
B．e-waste deserves to be made good use of
C．natural minerals contain more precious metals
D．the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste
2．The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended ________．
A．from producers to government
B．from government to producers
C．from individuals to distributors
D．from distributors to government
3．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The increase in e-waste.
B．The creation of e-waste.
C．The seriousness of e-waste.
D．The management of e-waste.
答案与解析
1．B 推理判断题。根据the Swiss study定位到第二段，根据段落大意“Electronic devices contain valuable metals...the concentration (含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.”电子垃圾包含大量的有价金属，而且含量甚至比矿物质中的含量高，言外之意，我们应该好好利用这些电子垃圾，故选项B。
2．B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.”可知responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.责任从政府和纳税人回到生产者，即增强生产者的责任感，重点是回归生产者，故选择B。
3．D 主旨大意题。纵观全文，首先提出电子垃圾急剧增长的现象，进而提出电子垃圾的价值与危害，最后从个人、生产商与政府角度阐述解决方案，故全文从不同的角度讲述如何管理电子垃圾，故选择D。
B
People typically wash their hands seven times a day in the United States, but they do it at a far higher temperature than is necessary to kill germs, a new study says. The energy waste is equivalent to the fuel use of a small country.
Amanda R. Carrico, a research assistant professor at the Vanderbilt Institute for Energy and Environment in Tennessee, told National Geographic that hand washing is often “a case where people act in ways that they think are in their best interest, but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions.”
Carrico said, “It's certainly true that heat kills bacteria, but if you were going to use hot water to kill them it would have to be a way too hot for you to tolerate.”
Carrico said that after a review of the scientific literature, her team found “no evidence that using hot water that a person could stand would have any benefit in killing bacteria.” Even water as cold as 40°F (4.4°C) appeared to reduce bacteria as well as hotter water, if hands were scrubbed, rinsed(冲洗)and dried properly.
Using hot water to wash hands is therefore unnecessary, as well as wasteful, Carrico said, particularly when it comes to the environment. According to her research, people use warm or hot water 64 percent of the time when they wash their hands. Using that number, Carrico's team calculated a significant impact on the planet.
“Although the choice of water temperature during a single hand wash may appear unimportant, when multiplied by the nearly 800 billion hand washes performed by Americans each year, this practice results in more than 6 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually，” she said.
The researchers published their results in the July 2013 issue of International Journal of Consumer Studies. They recommended washing with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature, which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.
4．What's the meaning of what Carrico told National Geographic in the second paragraph?
A．People are more concerned about their health and begin to wash their hands.
B．It's important for people to wash their hands to keep healthy.
C．Generally, people's hand washing behaviors and perceptions are not correct.
D．People like washing their hands very much.
5．The figures in the sixth paragraph are used to show that ________.
A．using hot water to wash hands has a bad influence on our planet
B．air pollution has become more and more serious
C．using hot water to wash hands is a waste of energy
D．people should pay more attention to the environment around us
6．This passage is organized in the pattern of ________．
A．fact and opinion
B．cause and effect
C．definition and classification
D．time and events
7．What can we learn from the passage?
A．It's necessary and useful for people to wash their hands frequently every day.
B．We can wash our hands with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature.
C．Using cold water to wash hands is necessary and much healthier.
D．Hot water can't kill germs.
答案与解析
本文是一篇研究报告。热水洗手是不是能杀死更多的细菌？研究证明并非如此，而且还浪费了资源。
4．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 “but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions”的转折可知，一般来讲，人们洗手的观念和行为都是不太正确的，故选C。
5．A 推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句 “Using that number, Carrico's team calculated a significant impact on the planet”的过渡可知，本句承上启下，第六段引用的那些数字就是为了证明用热水洗手对地球带来的消极影响，故选A。
6．A 写作意图题。通过对文章的整体理解，尤其是第六段可知，本文主要是通过列举事实，同时表达作者自己的观点的方式进行行文的，故选A。
7．B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句 “They recommended washing with water that is at a ‘comfortable' temperature, which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.”可知，我们洗手用舒适温度的水即可，不必太热，也不必太凉，故选B。
