课时作业5
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's surprising that he has no ________ (渴望)for wealth.
2．Her pale face ________ (使惊觉)her mother.
3．Rules are rules and they must be ________ (遵守)．
4．The entire ________ (全体员工)in our company has done an outstanding job this year.
5．It seems quite ________ (荒谬的)to expect anyone to drive for three hours just for a ten minutes meeting.
6．He kept promising her that he would ________ (离婚)his wife, but he never actually did it.
7．There are several people with a lower rank than me in our factory—that is, they are ________ (资历较浅的)to me.
8．To their disappointment, their father never showed them much ________ (感情)．
答案
1．desire 2.alarmed 3.obeyed 4.staff
5．absurd 6.divorce 7.junior 8.affection
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．As far as I know, the little boy has a strong desire__________ knowledge.
2．Is __________ surprising how quickly children get used to a new environment?
3．__________beautiful furniture you have got in your apartment! I am green with envy.
4．You've always been very close to them－in fact, it's one of the things I __________(envy) about you.
5．Having been warned of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend__________(accompany) her.
6．The young lady dressed__________(elegant) when she went to work.
7．Could you do me __________ favour and pick up Sam from school today?
8．The rapid spread of the disease is __________(alarm) the medical authorities. They are anxious like a cat on hot bricks.
9．He will leave alone things that might cause trouble; as he would say, “let sleeping __________(dog) lie.”
10．She was nervous and kept __________(scan) the crowd for Paul.
答案
1．for 2.it 3.What 4.envied 5.accompanying
6．elegantly 7.a 8.alarming 9.dogs 10.scanning
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2019年山东省济宁市第一中学高三调研考试)
I am a worrier. I worry from the moment I wake to the moment I sleep.
Around a year ago, I found my worries __1__ me down and down. I needed a way to reduce my __2__ and make them disappear. Then a brilliant idea occurred to me. Instead of worrying about whatever __3__ itself to my consciousness at any given moment, and unless I had a __4__ and urgent worry to deal with, I'd __5__ myself to worrying about imaginary gluons.
This new system __6__ me quite well for a while __7__ the day last month when the captain of the plane I was travelling on failed in his landing __8__ at Shannon Airport, because there was “a problem” with the landing gear (起落架). We __9__ for a while. Then the captain announced the issue still couldn't be solved and that the crew would take us through the __10__ for an emergency landing.
Suddenly my mother's voice was in my head: “In the__11__ of an emergency, put your head between your legs and kiss your arse goodbye.” I laughed inwardly at my mother's joke, and I wondered why I wasn't ___12__. I suddenly realized I was experiencing a complete and total absence of worry, as there was absolutely nothing I could do to __13__ the problem with the plane.
As the runway rose to meet our plane's__14__ underbelly and the firefighters __15__ to meet us, I felt a strange and beautiful __16__. And as the plane landed perfectly—because, as it __17__， the problem was with a sensor and not with the landing gear—and people __18__ and hugged one another, I realized I wasn't a __19__ at all. The absence of worry I had just experienced was __20__ an absence of any possibility of control. So I'm a control freak, wanting to control everything.
And now I'm terribly worried about that.
1．A.let B．put
C．dragged D．calmed
2．A.fears B．hopes
C．sorrows D．joys
3．A.committed B．presented
C．contributed D．recommended
4．A.specific B．constant
C．abstract D．secret
5．A.expose B．reduce
C．attach D．restrict
6．A.treated B．served
C．inspired D．instructed
7．A.since B．after
C．before D．until
8．A.test B．rescue
C．attempt D．adventure
9．A.circled B．dived
C．swung D．taxied
10．A.requirement B．preparation
C．procedure D．arrangement
11．A.wake B．course
C．event D．light
12．A.thrilled B．amazed
C．discouraged D．terrified
13．A.identify B．accept
C．change D．explore
14．A.weird B．sick
C．soft D．flat
15．A.fled B．marched
C．approached D．raced
16．A.excitement B．nervousness
C．astonishment D．calmness
17．A.turned out B．brought out
C．made out D．ruled out
18．A.responded B．cheered
C．wept D．complained
19．A.fighter B．loser
C．worrier D．commander
20．A.actually B．strangely
C．relatively D．naturally
答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文，作者曾经是一个忧心忡忡的人，总是担心一些无中生有的事情。后来他做出了改变，在一次飞机事故中他始终都很镇定。最后他发现自己以前总是担忧是因为控制欲太强。
1．C 考查动词辨析。A.let 让……，使……；B.put 放置；C.dragged 拖，拉；D.calmed 使……镇定；动词短语drag down意为“拖垮”。句意：大约一年以前，发现作者的担忧把自己拖垮了。作者需要一个方法来减少自己的恐惧最终让它们消失。根据句意可知C项正确。
2．A 考查名词辨析及上下文串联。A.fears恐惧，害怕；B.hopes希望；C.sorrows悲伤；D.joys快乐；根据第一段“I am a worrier.”可知作者是一个悲观主义者，总是充满了恐惧，所以作者需要一个方法减少作者的恐惧并让恐惧消失。故A项正确。
3．B 考查动词辨析。A.committed犯罪，承诺，托付；B.presented呈现；C.contributed捐献，贡献；D.recommended推荐，建议。句意：作者不担忧那些自动呈现在作者的意识里的事情，除非作者有清楚具体的令人担忧的事情，作者不会让自己去担心那些想象出的事情。根据句意可知B项正确。
4．A 考查形容词辨析。A.specific具体的，清楚的；B.constant不断的，持续的；C.abstract抽象的；D.secret秘密的。如果作者没有具体清楚的紧急的令人担忧的事情，作者不会让自己去担心那些想象出的事情。故A项正确。
5．D 考查动词辨析。A.expose暴露，接触；B.reduce减少；C.attach 依附；D.restrict限制，约束。除非作者有清楚具体的紧急的令人担忧的事情，作者不会让自己去担心那些想象出的事情。作者对自己担忧的事情范围做出了限制，根据句意可知D项正确。
6．B 考查动词辨析。A.treated对待，治疗；B.served服务，服役；有用；C.inspired鼓励，激励；D.instructed指导。作者采用的新的方法非常有用，直到有一天作者乘坐飞机的时候遇见了机械故障。故B项正确。
7．D 考查状语从句连词辨析。A.since自从，既然；B.after在……之后；C.before在……之前；D.until直到……。作者采用的新的方法非常有用，直到有一天作者乘坐飞机的时候遇见了机械故障。故D项正确。
8．C 考查名词辨析。A.test测试；B.rescue救援；C.attempt尝试；D.adventure冒险。当时作者乘坐的飞机在Shannon机场尝试降落的时候，起落架出现了问题，不得不在空中盘旋了一会，机长宣布问题无法解决要采用紧急降落的程序。故C项正确。
9．A 考查动词辨析及生活常识。A.circled盘旋；B.dived潜水，跳水；C.swung游泳；D.taxied滑行。飞机尝试降落失败，通常会在机场上方盘旋一会以后再次尝试降落，这属于生活常识。故A项正确。
10．C 考查名词辨析。A.requirement要求；B.preparation准备；C.procedure程序，步骤；D.arrangement安排。作者乘坐的飞机在Shannon机场尝试降落的时候，起落架出现了问题，不得不在空中盘旋了一会，机长宣布问题无法解决要采用紧急降落的程序。故C项正确。
11．C 考查固定短语。短语in the event of倘若，万一发生……。句意：突然母亲的话浮现在脑海“万一发生了紧急情况，把头夹在两腿之间，和屁股吻别”。这是母亲说的笑话，让我乐不可支。故C项正确。
12．D 考查形容词辨析。A.thrilled激动的；B.amazed惊讶的；C.discouraged泄气的；D.terrified可怕的。当作者因为母亲的笑话而乐不可支的时候，也想知道为什么自己不害怕了。故D项正确。
13．C 考查动词辨析。A.identify 鉴定，识别；B.accept 接受；C.change 改变；D.explore 探索。作者意识到自己不再害怕是因为自己无法做出任何事情来改变飞机的问题，故C项正确。
14．B 考查形容词辨析。A.weird离奇的；B.sick生病的；C.soft柔软的；D.flat平坦的。根据上文可知飞机的起落架出现了故障导致无法降落，起落架位于飞机的腹部，本句使用sick比喻飞机腹部生病了。故B项正确。
15．D 考查动词辨析。A.fled逃离；B.marched行军；C.approached靠近；D.raced赛跑，奔跑。当飞机降落的时候，消防人员奔跑着过来接乘客脱离险境。使用race说明情况紧急。故D项正确。
16．D 考查名词辨析。A.excitement兴奋；B.nervousness紧张；C.astonishment惊讶；D.calmness平静，镇定。当消防人员奔跑着过来接乘客的时候，作者感到特别的镇定，这种感觉如此特别，与之前总是忧心忡忡完全不一样了。故D项正确。
17．A 考查动词短语辨析。A.turned out结果是；B.brought out使……显露；C.made out辨认出；D.ruled out排除。当飞机安全降落的时候，最终的结果是某个感应器出了问题而不是起落架的问题。使用turn out表示最终的结果。故A项正确。
18．B 考查动词辨析。A.responded回应；B.cheered欢呼；C.wept哭泣；D.complained抱怨。人们欢呼并相互拥抱在一起，此时作者发现自己一点也不再担忧了。人们劫后余生当然会欢呼雀跃。故B项正确。
19．C 考查名词辨析及上下文联系。A.fighter 战士；B.loser 失败者；C.worrier 担忧的人；D.commander 指挥官。人们欢呼并相互拥抱在一起，此时作者发现自己一点也不担忧了。文章第一句告诉我们作者过去总是担心很多事情，现在遇见如此险境的时候，竟然非常镇定，与以前差别很大。故C项正确。
20．A 考查副词辨析。A.actually实际上；B.strangely奇怪地；C.relatively相对地；D.naturally自然地。作者刚才不担忧实际上是不再有控制欲。人们担心是因为自己无法控制事物才会担忧。故A项正确。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well－being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated (隔绝) and inactive.
Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in－vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.
These include custom－made navigation (导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”
“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”
Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”
“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We're looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.”
“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions (解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”
1．What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?
A．To explore new means of transport.
B．To design new types of cars.
C．To find out older drivers' problems.
D．To teach people traffic rules.
2．Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?
A．It keeps them independent.
B．It helps them save time.
C．It builds up their strength.
D．It cures their mental illnesses.
3．What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?
A．Improve their driving skills.
B．Develop driver－assist technologies.
C．Provide tips on repairing their cars.
D．Organize regular physical checkups.
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．A new Model Electric Car
B．A Solution to Traffic Problems
C．Driving Services for elders
D．Keeping Older Drivers on the Road
答案与解析
本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了智能交通团队建立移动实验室，研究老年人开车存在的问题和难点，帮助老年人安全驾驶。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.”可知，建立实验室的目的是要找出老年人开车有困难的地方。故选C。
2．A 细节理解题。根据第四段中第二句的“For many older people，particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”可知，对于老年人来说，开车对保持他们生活的独立性至关重要。故选A。
3．B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life”可知，研究者正在研发车载式的技术以帮助老年人晚年依然能开车。故选B。
4．D 标题判断题。本文的关键词是老年人驾车，重点讲述了为了让他们安全驾车所进行的研究。
课时作业6
Ⅰ.选词填空
根据语境，用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。(每个短语仅使用一次)
be bound to; junior to; take... seriously; as long as; help out; in all; be attached to; at one time
1．The Food Ministry __________ the Ministry of Agriculture.
2．__________ 400 men, women and children lived in the village.
3．When you are dealing with so many patients, mistakes __________ happen.
4．You can go out, __________ you promise to be back before 11 o'clock.
5．There are several people, who are new comers，________ me in my company.
6．It's only a joke — don't __________ it__________！
7．Organizing the school trip will be a lot of work, so I need some volunteers to __________．
8．We received ￡1，550 in cash and promises of another ￡650, making ￡2，200 __________．
答案
1．is attached to 2.At one time 3.are bound to sth.
4．as long as 5.junior to 6.take；seriously
7．help out 8.in all
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．To the ________ (satisfy) of the boss, his products could satisfy the needs of the customers.
2．The ________ (talent) singer was popular with his fans because of his talent.
3．The old blind man asked me to do him a favour and find his ________ (favour) book.
4．He was ________ (company) by his wife to the hospital.
5．In the discussion, he made a forceful ________ (state)．
6．You know the punishment for ________ (obey) orders is very strict.
7．Should we have sympathy ________ beggars?
8．The administration's ________ (think) changed as the war progressed.
9．I asked the woman behind the ________ (count) if they had any stamps.
10．What's Michael's ________ (assess) of the present situation?
答案
1．satisfaction 2.talented 3.favourite
4．accompanied 5.statement 6.disobeying
7．for 8.thinking 9.counter 10.assessment
Ⅲ.把下列句子翻译成英语
1．我必须请你陪我去警察局。
________________________________________________________
2．为了提高他的社会地位，这个年轻人拼命工作。
________________________________________________________
3．与其说他勇敢，不如说他愚蠢。
________________________________________________________
4．一转身，女孩就看见了她的母亲正在朝她挥手。
________________________________________________________
5．我一到北京，就给你打电话。
________________________________________________________
6．听到那个坏消息后，他希望一个人待一会儿。
________________________________________________________
答案
1．I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.
2．To improve his social position，the young man worked very hard.
3．He is more stupid than brave.
4．Turning around，the girl saw her mother waving at her.
5．I will ring you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing.
6．After hearing the bad news，he wanted to be left alone for a while.
Ⅳ.用下列单词或短语的适当形式填空
turn around；scan；awful；alarm；clerk；cushion；declare；
favour；bedding
Historical research shows that in the 22nd century many people told stories about how，at one time，people could buy robots as house decorators. The robots would __1__ the literature for the latest ideas in home decoration. Often the robots would __2__ designs that were grander than their owners wanted. Brightly coloured __3__ and __4__ would be suggested together with brightly patterned walls and carpets. Some of the __5__ in the shops thought that the designs were __6__．While some owners were firm with their robot's suggestions，others would __7__ and walk out of the shop，feeling embarrassed. A few other robots would even get into physical fights with their owners in public and their electrical systems sometimes would set off the shops' __8__. After a while the government decided such behaviour was not appropriate and passed a law__9__ robots should not leave the house. So robots became household cleaners or industrial workers instead!
答案
1．scan 2.favour 3.cushions/beddings
4．beddings/cushions 5.clerks 6.awful
7．turn around 8.alarms 9.declaring
Ⅴ.完形填空
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible __1__ in her early childhood.After years of regular treatment，she __2__ became healthy.
Two years ago，while Cathy was watching the Olympics，a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer.Last summer，she wanted to __3__ our local swim team.She practiced hard and finally __4__ it.The team practice，__5__，was a rough start.She coughed and choked and could hardly __6__ her first few weeks.Hearing her coughing bitterly one night，I decided to __7__ her from it all.But Cathy woke me up early next morning，wearing her swimsuit __8__ to go！I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing，but she refused to __9__ and insisted she go.
From that day on，Cathy kept swimming and didn't __10__ a single practice.She had a __11__ intention within herself to be the best she could be.My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes，into this __12__ human being with a passion and a mission.There were moments of __13__ of course：often she would be the last swimmer in the race.It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn't a __14__—ever.But that didn't stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year.Cathy didn't expect any award but was still there to __15__ her friends and praise their accomplishments.As the ceremony was nearing the end，I suddenly heard the head coach __16__，“The highest honor goes to Cathy！”Looking around，he continued，“Cathy has inspired us with her __17__ and enthusiasm.__18__ skills and talents bring great success，the most valuable asset(财富) one can hold is the heart.”
It was the greatest __19__ of my daughter's life.With all she had been __20__ in her ten years，this was the hour of true triumph(成功)．
1． A.failure B．pressure
C．loss D．illness
2．A.usually B．finally
C．firstly D．frequently
3．A.improve B．train
C．join D．contact
4．A.increased B．found
C．created D．made
5．A.however B．therefore
C．otherwise D．instead
6．A.use B．survive
C．save D．waste
7．A.pull B．tell
C．hide D．fire
8．A.afraid B．nervous
C．ready D．free
9．A.take off B．set off
C．give up D．show up
10．A.attend B．miss
C．ban D．start
11．A.rich B．weak
C．firm D．kind
12．A.trusted B．determined
C．experienced D．embarrassed
13．A.frustration B．delight
C．excitement D．surprise
14．A.beginner B．learner
C．partner D．winner
15．A.cheer on B．compete with
C．respond to D．run after
16．A.admitting B．explaining
C．announcing D．whispering
17．A.humor B．will
C．honesty D．wisdom
18．A.Although B．Since
C．Once D．Because
19．A.discovery B．choice
C．influence D．moment
20．A.through B．under
C．across D．around
答案与解析
这是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了女儿在童年遭受病痛之苦，后好转。之后决心做一名游泳选手，虽然身体极度不适应，但依然坚持训练，虽然经常是比赛的最后一名，但是一直不放弃。最后教练对Cathy的意志和热情给予了肯定，也使Cathy深受鼓舞。
1．D 根据下文的treatment，可知，Cathy在童年的时候，得了可怕的疾病。A.失败；B.压力；C.损失；D.疾病。故选D。
2．B 根据上文After years of regular treatment，可知，她最后健康了。A.通常；B.最后；C.首先；D.频繁地。故选B。
3．C 根据上文a dream came into her sweet little head-to be a swimmer.可知，她想参加我们当地的游泳队。A.提高；B.训练；C.参加；D.联系。故选C。
4．D 根据上文She practiced hard，可知，她最后做到了。A.增加；B.发现；C.创造；D.make it表示成功做成某事。故选D。
5．A 根据下文was a tough start，可知此处需要表转折，然而，游泳队的训练是个艰难的开始。A.然而；B.因此；C.否则；D.代替。故选A。
6．B 根据上文she coughed and choked，可知，她咳嗽，窒息，在前几周几乎不能幸存下来。A.使用；B.幸存；C.拯救，节约，储蓄D.浪费。故选B。
7．A 根据上文Hearing her coughing bitterly one night，可知，我决定把她从游泳队中拉走。A.拉；B.告诉，辨别；C隐藏； D．开火，解雇。故选A。
8．C 根据上文wearing her swimsuit，可知，她穿着游泳衣准备走。A.害怕的；B.紧张的；C.准备好的；D.免费的，自由的。故选C。
9．C 根据下文insisted she go，可知，她拒绝放弃游泳，坚持要走。A.脱下，起飞，拿走；休息；开始流行；B.出发； C．放弃；D.出现。故选C。
10．B 根据Cathy kept swimming可知，Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练。A.参加；B.错过；C.禁止； D．开始。故选B。
11．C 根据上文Cathy kept swimming and didn't miss a single practice.可知，她的内心有坚定的打算。A.富有的；B.虚弱的；C.坚定的； D．善良的。故选C。
12．B 根据下文with a passion and a mission，可知，我十岁的女儿就在我眼前成长为一个有决心的有热情和使命感的人。A.信任的；B.有决心的；C.有经验的； D．尴尬的。故选B。
13．A 根据下文often she would be the last swimmer in the race.可知，也会有受挫的时候。A.沮丧，挫败；B.高兴；C.兴奋； D．惊讶。故选A。
14．D 根据上文the last swimmer，可知，要Cathy接受她不是获胜者很难。A.初学者；B.学习者；C.伙伴；D.获胜者。故选D。
15．A 根据下文praise their accomplishments可知，Cathy到那里是为队友加油打气。A.向……喝彩， 为……加油打气；B.和……竞争；C.对…作出反应；D.追赶。故选A。
16．C 根据下文总教练说的话，可知，这里是总教练宣布的事情。A.承认；B.解释；C.宣布；D.低语。故选C。
17．B 根据下文and enthusiasm可知，教练说：Cathy是用她的意志力和热情激励了我们。A.幽默；B.意愿，意志力；C.诚实；D.智慧。故选B。
18．A 根据下文the most valuable asset one can hold is the heart.可知，此处需要表示转折的连词。虽然技巧和天赋能带来巨大的成功，但一个人能拥有的最宝贵的财富是心。A.虽然；B.自从，既然；C.一旦；D.因为。故选A。
19．D 根据上一段内容可知，教练说这番话的时候是我女儿生活中最好的时刻。A.发现；B.选择；C.影响；D.时刻。故选D。
20．A 根据句意：十年她所经历的一切中，这是真正成功的时刻。下文中的“the hour”也给出提示，A.通过(内部)，经历；B.在……下面；C.穿过(表面)；D.在……周围。故选A。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Storytelling is one of the most powerful tools that a speaker has. It is also one of the most difficult things for a speaker to do well, __1__ why is storytelling so important? And what separates a good story from a bad __2__？
Gordon Mackenzie wasn't going __3__ (join) the professional storytelling class and few people would. He was just doing __4__ thousands of storytellers do every day—trying to make his way in a large American company without losing himself. He had a gift for telling stories, and for showing __5__ how to do it. That was __6__ he became a good storyteller later. For Mackenzie, good stories are the __7__ (nature) medium (媒介) for expressing his message or any message. He says “Storytelling is central. When you're sharing ideas __8__ others, there's nothing like it.”
Mackenzie was nearing the end of a 30-year career (职业) __9__ an artist and manager with Hallmark Cards. In the end he __10__ (retire) from Hallmark to become a full-time presenter (主持人) and storyteller, and wrote a book based on his Hallmark.
答案
1．but 2.one 3.to join 4.what 5.others
6．why 7.natural 8.with 9.as 10.retired
课时作业7
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is said to have got a year-end__________(奖金) at the 2010 Spring Festival.
2．I am ____________(超重的) by 10kg according to my doctor.
3．She always wears a pearl __________(项链) round her neck.
4．Flower arrangement is an __________(高雅的) art.
5．The Parliament __________(宣告) that the colony was independent.
6．She __________(陪伴) her friend to the concert last night.
7．How I e__________ you getting an extra day's holiday!
8．To my s__________，my son passed the examination.
9．We all have great s__________for the victims of the flood.
答案
1．bonus 2.overweight 3.necklace 4.elegant
5．declared 6.accompanied 7.envy 8.satisfaction
9．sympathy
Ⅱ.补全句子
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．I could have stayed with you two more weeks，but something urgent needed__________ (deal with) back to my company.
2．He will stop showing off，if no notice __________ (take) of him.
3．The film is great fun__________(see)．
4．At the end of the meeting，it was announced that an agreement __________(reach)．
5．It's dangerous to let the children who are so young __________ (go) swimming in the river.
6．He shut himself in the room so as not______________ (disturb)．
7．The children were found __________(trap) in the cave.
8．In order to__________ (elect), Jack sent each of us a present.
9．I knew he didn't listen to me, but I went on __________ (hope) to get him __________ (interest) in the proposal.
10．The matter had better __________ (leave) as it is.
答案
1．to be dealt with/dealing with 2.is taken
3．to see 4.had been reached 5.go
6．to be disturbed 7.trapped
8．be elected 9.hoping；interested 10.be left
Ⅲ.用动词不定式完成下列句子
1．I was ________ ________ ________ the accident.
事故发生了，我该受指责。
2．He wishes __________ __________ __________ __________ __________by all.
他希望受到大家的爱戴和尊重。
3．__________ __________ __________ by people is a happy thing.
被人爱是一件幸福的事。
4．We expected him __________ __________ ____________ __________．
我们希望他能受到优待。
5．This is a day never__________ __________ __________．
这是令人难忘的一天。
答案
1．to blame for
2．to be loved and respected
3．To be loved
4．to be well treated
5．to be forgotten
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2017年高考·北京卷)
Hollywood's theory that machines with evil(邪恶的) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics (控制论), put it this way：“If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere (干预) , we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born，nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.
The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.
Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility.Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated，with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However，on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced (中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.
1．Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may ________．
A．run out of human control
B．satisfy human's real desires
C．command armies of killer robots
D．work faster than a mathematician
2．Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to________．
A．prevent themselves from being destroyed
B．achieve their original goals independently
C．do anything successfully with given orders
D．beat humans in international chess matches
3．According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to________．
A．help super intelligent machines work better
B．be secure against evil human beings
C．keep machines from being harmed
D．avoid robots' affecting the world
4．What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?
A．It will disappear with the development of AI.
B．It will get worse with human interference.
C．It will be solved but with difficulty.
D．It will stay for a decade.
答案与解析
这是一篇科技说明文。文中主要介绍了人工智能(AI)随着科技的发展可能超出人类的控制以及人类应如何应对此类安全问题等相关信息。
1．A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want”可知，人工智能可能会变得非常擅长完成目标，而这些目标可能不是人们真正想要的，所以人工智能有可能摆脱人的控制。
2．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence”可知，智能机器可能会为保护自己的存在而阻止自己被摧毁。
3．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world”可知，有些研究者认为可用防火墙防止机器人影响世界。
4．C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy”可知，人工智能的安全问题有可能得到解决，但又困难重重。
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A good book can be satisfying.If reading is a habit you'd like to get into, there are some ways to develop it.
Realize that reading is enjoyable if you have a good book.If you have a difficult book and you are forcing yourself through it, it will seem like a task. __1__
Set time.You should have some time during every day when you'll read for at least 5 to 10 minutes.__2__ For example, make it a habit to read during breakfast and lunch and even dinner if you eat alone.
Always carry a book.__3__ When I leave the house, I always make sure to have my car keys and one book at hand.The book stays with me in the car, and I take it into the office and to appointments and pretty much everywhere I go.
__4__ Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair.Don't lie down unless you're going to sleep.There should be no television or computer near the chair, and no music or noisy family members or roommates.If you don't have a place like this, create one.
Reduce television and the Internet.If you really want to read more, try cutting back on time on TV or the Internet.__5__ However, every minute you reduce of the Internet or TV, you could use for reading.This could create hours of book reading time.
A．It means you will read no matter how busy you are.
B．Go to bookstores.
C．This may be difficult for some people.
D．Wherever you go, take a book with you.
E．If this happens, give up the book and find another one that you'll really love.
F．Find a quiet place.
G．Have some good tea or coffee while you read.
答案与解析
1．E 根据本题所在的段落中第一句出现的enjoyable一词，并且还有本句前的几个句子都是用if引导的条件状语从句，可知应选E。
2．A 本段的内容主要讲述的是“腾出空余的时间来读书”，那么就是意味着“无论你有多么忙都要抽空读书”。故A符合。
3．D 根据本题的前一句Always carry a book，可知D选项与此相符。
4．F 根据本题后出现的一句Find a place in your home...，可知此段主要讲述的是要找好读书的地方，应选F。
5．C 根据上下文的意思，可知此处是说要减少上网和看电视，故可知这样做对于很多人来说是很难的，可知选C。
Ⅵ.短文改错
Last weekend's concert, organized and performing by the students of the Welsh Community College, was great success. The student had been practicing for months for the concert. They were excited that when they heard Gareth Jones was coming to present the prizes. Over 100 young performers play a mixture of jazz, classical or folk music. One of the highlights were 14-year-old Megan Evans, playing traditional Welsh folk songs. The concert ended with a very loud pop tune and anyone in the hall stood up and danced with the music. It was a magically atmosphere and a wonderful evening.
答案
课时作业8
Ⅰ.单词拼写
结合语境，根据首字母或汉语提示用单词的适当形式填空。
1．If everyone o__________ the rules of the road, safety is much improved.
2．Their marriage had never been happy and in the end they got a d__________．
3．I never knew you were so good at making speeches. Do you have any other hidden t__________？
4．Our library s__________ will be happy to help if you are unable to find the book you want.
5．The report goes against current t__________ on what is best for working parents.
6．Some __________(资历较浅的) employees might lack the courage to approach the boss.
7．This meant that students had the __________ (理论上的) right to go to any school they wished.
8．The scientist's theory has filled in a gap in __________(生物化学)．
9．A more detailed example will be given in the next __________(章)．
10．To help things along we provide our usual __________(框架) of social activities, sharing costs between survivors.
答案
1．obeys 2.divorce 3.talents 4.staff
5．thinking 6.junior 7.theoretical 8.biochemistry
9．chapter 10.framework
Ⅱ.选词填空
leave...alone；or rather；ring up；turn around；have an affair with；fall off；be in love；as a result
1．I__________the ladder yesterday and was badly hurt.
2．It is said that the president has____________ a beautiful actress.
3．She lives in London，__________in the suburb of London.
4．Would you please go away and__________me________？
5．They __________________with each other for 5 years.
6．If you have something to ask，don't hesitate to ________me __________．
7．There was a fire yesterday.__________，many people lost their homes.
8．The thief disappeared before I______________．
答案
1．fell off 2.had an affair with 3.or rather
4．leave; alone 5.have been in love 6.ring; up
7．As a result 8.turned around
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．All the students in his class went to school except Tom this morning.
→Tom was __________from school this morning.
2．Considering everything，we had a good time.
→__________ __________，we had a good time.
3．Next Sunday，I'll get the repairman to repair my bike.
→Next Sunday，I'll __________my bike __________．
4．Mark came to China for the first time.
→It is the first time that Mark ________ ________ ________China.
5．To master a foreign language is not an easy job.
→__________is not an easy job __________master a foreign language.
答案
1．absent 2.Everything considered
3．have; repaired 4.has been to
5．It; to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．There are ________________(一堆书) on the desk.
2．What they did is far from being ________________ (令人满意的)．
3．He __________________(只是心不在焉地点了点头) with his attention absorbed by the screen.
4．________________(对别人表示同情)，in a sense，should really be caring in action，which is hard to give.
5．I enjoy working in your ________________(陪伴)．
6．Don't have the horse ________________(跑这么快)．It's dangerous.
答案
1．a pile of books 2.satisfactory 3.nodded absently
4．Having/Feeling sympathy for others
5．company 6.running so fast
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Dear Friend，
The recent success of children's books has made the general public aware that there's a huge market out there.
And there's a growing need for new writers trained to create the $ 3 billion worth of children's books bought each year...plus stories and articles needed by over 650 publishers of magazines for children and teenagers.
Who are these needed writers? They're ordinary folks like you and me.
But am I good enough?
I was once where you might be now. My thoughts of writing had been pushed down by self-doubt, and I didn't know where to turn for help.
Then, I accepted a free offer from the Institute to test my writing ability, and it turned out to be the inspiration I needed.
The promise that paid off
The Institute made the same promise to me that they will make to you, if you show basic writing ability：
You will complete at least one manuscript (手稿) suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course.
I really didn't expect any publication before I finished the course, but that happened. I sold three stories. And I soon discovered that was not unusual at the Institute.
Since graduation, I have authored 34 nationally published children's books and over 300 stories and articles.
Free test and brochure
We offer a free aptitude test and will send you a copy of our brochure (小册子) describing our recognized home-study courses on the basis of one-on-one training .
Realize your writing dream today. There's nothing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades forever.
Sincerely，
Kristi Hill, Instructor
Institute of Children's Literature
1．The first two paragraphs tell us that __________．
A．magazines for children and teenagers have drawn public attention
B. there is a growing need for writers of children's books
C. publishers are making $3 billion each year
D. children's books are usually bestsellers
2．You are promised to publish one manuscript when you __________.
A. show basic ability
B. finish the course
C. have sold three stories
D. have passed the test
3．Kristi Hill mentions her own experience mainly to __________．
A. prove she is a qualified instructor
B. introduce the home-study courses
C. show she has realized her dream
D. promote the writing program
答案与解析
本文属于广告类短文，宣传了一个培训儿童作家的机构Institute of Children's Literature。
1．B 段落大意题。根据第二段第一句And there's a growing need for new writers trained to create the $ 3 billion worth of children's books bought each year可知目前需要儿童作家，同时根据第一段内容可知儿童读物的市场很广阔。故前两段主要告诉我们社会需要儿童作家。故B正确。
2．B 细节理解题。根据You will complete at least one manuscript(手稿)suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course.可知如果你完成了这一课程，你可以把一份合适的手稿交给出版商出版。这是Institute of Children's Literature的诺言。故B正确。
3．D 推理判断题。根据I really didn't expect any publication before I finished the course , but that happened . I sold three stories可知我之前也没有想到自己的作品能够出版。但是我做到了。作者现身说法，就是为了宣传Institute of Children's Literature。故D正确。
Ⅵ.完形填空
I couldn't quite summon up the power of positive thinking Monday.I would be tied up in meetings the next two days and I was having serious doubts__1__I'd be able to get everything done for the June issue deadline Thursday.At home Monday night，I sat down on my sofa with my__2__after dinner and went back to work，virtually.I finished__3__the last story for June，read it__4__and hit save.“Now I can breathe a little easier，” I thought，feeling some of my__5__return.
I clicked over to my email to__6__the story to Keren，our copy chief，so she'd have it first in the__7__．Only I couldn't.I'd__8__my Internet connection.My digital cable modem，which__9__has four blinking green lights，was ominously dark.I called the cable company's 24-hour helpline.The tech tried several different ways to__10__my modem remotely.Still nothing.“I have to__11__you to a higher level of technical assistance，” he said，“And I'll give you the__12__appointment available Friday afternoon.” No__13__for four days！There went my positive attitude.
More than I thought，as it turned out.Sure，I had to__14__longer hours at the office since I couldn't wrap up things from home.But when I left work，I could just__15__and relax at home.I watched TV without feeling__16__to catch up on e-mails or my coworkers' blogs during commercials.__17__wandering the web and losing track of hours and hours，over those four days I made dinner from scratch twice，finished reading a(n)__18__，and even wrote some long overdue thank-you notes.I wouldn't have if my modem hadn't__19__．Being disconnected from the Internet__20__made me feel more connected with what I was doing in the moment.
1．A.why B．whether
C．when D．where
2．A.television B．camera
C．cassette D．laptop
3．A.editing B．summarizing
C．copying D．printing
4．A.on B．out
C．over D．up
5．A.positivity B．attitude
C．negativity D．courage
6．A.enjoy B．accept
C．receive D．send
7． A.afternoon B．morning
C．evening D．week
8．A.separated B．changed
C．lost D．repaired
9．A.usually B．hardly
C．seldom D．often
10．A.retell B．review
C．restart D．rearrange
11．A.remove B．transfer
C．throw D．transform
12．A.latest B．best
C．worst D．earliest
13．A.Internet B．opportunity
C．activity D．business
14．A.cost B．save
C．spend D．waste
15．A.turn back B．sit back
C．step back D．look back
16．A.astonished B．frightened
C．embarrassed D．compelled
17．A.Instead of B．Except for
C．In spite of D．According to
18．A.order B．humor
C．novel D．joke
19．A.built B．died
C．existed D．appeared
20．A.happily B．luckily
C．sadly D．surprisingly
答案与解析
作者的网络连接出现了问题，技术人员说要过几天才能修好，这顿时让作者感到很失落，可正是在这几天里，作者却收获了轻松和友情。
1．B 根据句中的名词doubts可知，“我”怀疑是否(whether)能在截止日期前把一切事情做好。
2．D 联系下文中的hit save(点击保存)等信息可知，晚饭后，作者拿着笔记本电脑(laptop)坐在沙发上继续工作。
3．A 由本句中的“the last story”以及下文“...to Keren，our copy chief(总编辑)”等语境可知，此处指“编辑(editing)完最后一篇故事”。
4．C 作者读完(read over)了一遍，然后点击保存。此处描述连续发生的动作。
5．A 作者应该做的事情做完了，所以能放松一下了，感到积极性(positivity)又回来了。attitude“态度”；negativity“消极性”；courage“勇气”。
6．D 第一段提到编辑写完了故事，所以此时作者想通过电子邮件把故事发(send)给Keren。
7．B 根据上文中的“Monday night”可知，此处指第二天早晨(morning)。
8．C 下文中的“My digital cable modem，which__9__has four blinking green lights，was ominously dark.”说明，作者失去了(lost)网络连接，即断网了。
9．A 如果网络正常连接的话，数字调制解调器通常(usually)有四个绿灯闪亮。
10．C 网络断开了，技术人员尝试了多种办法试图重新启动(restart)调制解调器。
11．B 该句的意思是：我不得不让你接受更高水平的技术援助。其中transfer是及物动词，有“调动，调换”之意。
12．D 下文中的“There went my positive attitude.”说明作者的心情，可见技术人员最早(earliest)给作者约定修理的时间是在周五下午。
13．A 暂时没法连接网络，所以此处的语境是“四天没有网络(Internet)”。
14．C 作者不得不在办公室里度过(spend)更多的时间，因为不能把事情带回家做。其他选项不合语境。
15．B 家里没有网络，所以作者只好在家闲着(sit back)。turn back“转身”。
16．D 家里的网络没有修好，所以作者看电视，而不用被迫(compelled)处理电子邮件。
17．A 作者不能在家里工作了，所以不是(Instead of)浏览网页让大量的时间流逝，而是做做饭、读读书。
18．C 在这四天里，作者在家里做饭，阅读了一部小说(novel)，此处叙述在没有网络的情况下的生活。
19．B 如果不是调制解调器崩溃(died)，作者也就做不了这些事情了，此处是对上文的总结。
20．D 在作者看来，没有网络，他却做了好多有意义的事情，所以网络断开使作者出乎意料地(surprisingly)感到和更多的东西产生了联系。
Ⅶ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is no doubt that the world climate __1__ (change) in recent years. Many people blame this change on gases such as carbon dioxide. Animals and humans produce carbon dioxide when they breathe. However, many other human __2__ (activity) also let off carbon gases. Anytime something is burnt, carbon is put __3__ the atmosphere. Cars and other vehicles burn petrol in their engines, and electrical power plants most often burn fuels such as coal and oil in order to produce electricity.__4__， the more petrol and electricity we consume, the __5__ carbon we are letting off.
One thing we can do to help solve this problem is to walk or use __6__ bicycle when possible. Of course, there are times__7__ we need to travel long distances. In this case, public transport such as buses and the underground is always a much better choice than a private car or a taxi.
You can also plant a tree，__8__ trees absorb the carbon dioxide in the air to produce oxygen. Planting a small tree is cheap and easy, and two decades from now, when you look at __9__ will have become a large tree, you will find a sense of satisfaction，__10__ (know) that you did your part to help solve the problem of climate change.
答案与解析
在最近几年，毫无疑问世界天气一直都在改变。二氧化碳的排放影响了气候变化，文章号召我们尽自己的一份力量帮助解决气候变化问题。
1．has been changing 句意：在最近几年，毫无疑问世界天气一直都在改变。可知用现在完成进行时态，故答案为has been changing。
2．activities 句意：许多其他人类活动也释放了碳气体。many修饰名词复数，可知答案为activities。
3．into 句意：碳被放入大气中。put...into...把……放入……，可知答案为into。
4．Therefore/Thus 句意：因此，汽油和电消耗的越多，排放的二氧化碳越多。前后是因果关系，可知答案为Therefore/Thus。
5．more 句意：汽油和电消耗的越多，排放的二氧化碳越多。可知答案为more。
6．a 句意：为了帮助解决这个问题，要做的一件事情是当有可能的时候步行或用一辆自行车。可知答案为a。
7．when 此处times作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，可知答案为when。
8．because 句意：你也能种一棵树，因为树能吸收空气中的二氧化碳而产出氧气。前后是因果关系，可知答案为because。
9．what 句意：二十年之后，当你看到已经变成一棵大树的时候，你会发现满足感。look at后面是一个宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句没有主语，可知答案为what，它在这里起双重作用。
10．knowing 句意：二十年之后，当你看到已经变成一棵大树的时候，你会发现满足感，此时你会知道你尽自己的一份力量帮助解决气候变化问题所带来的结果。现在分词作自然的结果状语，答案为knowing。
