课时跟踪训练4－1
Ⅰ.选词填空
in terms of, in amazement, generally speaking, in disguise，in all directions, remark on
1．________，I prefer a comedy to a tragedy.
2．The woman in the park turned out to be a police officer________．
3．Fans looked on________as Robbins missed a third goal for the team.
4．The birds flew________when I shouted loudly under the big tree.
5．It's a mistake to think of Florida only________its tourist attractions.
6．Smith________the difference between the two dictionaries.
答案
1．Generally speaking 2.in disguise 3.in amazement
4．in all directions 5.in terms of 6.remarked on
Ⅱ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
I learnt about the Pygmalion Effect (皮格马利翁效应) when I was 7 years old at Riverdale School in Palmerston North and I copied Melissa Crawford's answers in a spelling test. Before that I was average at school but after that, because Melissa Crawford was smart, and I got all the right answers, I got put in all the smart kids groups. From then on I did really well at school because it was believed by the teachers that I would and I also got grouped with the smart kids. This experience that occurred at my primary school shows just how important the Pygmalion Effect is in terms of being around mentors (导师) that expect that you're going to do well and also being around people who are smart.
The Pygmalion Effect is one principle you want to use if you want to make money fast. Have mentors that expect you will make money fast and as an extra boost hang around, copy and learn from other people who are also making money fast.
Yesterday this site had over 5, 000 unique visitors and the traffic to it is increasing all the time. A year ago I contacted a group of people who got lots of traffic in their sites and I learnt from them. Truthfully, I don't know if they expected me to start getting decent traffic to websites but I imagined they did so they might as well have.
So there you have it, the Pygmalion Effect.
P．S. My grammar and spelling are not that great nowadays but that's actually completely irrelevant (不相关的) when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site.
1．When did the author learn about the Pygmalion Effect?
A．Before he took the spelling test.
B．After he cheated in the spelling test.
C．When he did badly in exams.
D．After he finished primary school.
2．The author got grouped with the smart kids because ________．
A．he was an average pupil at school
B．he did better than expected
C．Melissa Crawford was smart
D．he did better than all the others at school
3．What does the underlined word “traffic” mean in the third paragraph?
A．Amount of vehicles. B．Amount of travellers.
C．Amount of visits. D．Amount of goods.
4．From the passage we can infer that ________．
A．the author was busy meeting visitors every day
B．there was lots of traffic in his city
C．the author opened a website himself
D．the author's grammar was poor at school
答案与解析
语篇导读：文章通过作者自己的经历告诉我们皮格马利翁效应的神奇力量。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知是在他考试作弊以后。
2．B 细节理解题。作者以前学习成绩平平，由于考试作弊，成绩出色，所以老师把他列入聪明的学生之中。
3．C 词义猜测题。根据本句语境判断可知，该词指的是“(网站)访问量”。
4．C 推理判断题。从文章最后一句“when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site”可知，作者有自己的网站。
B
A primary school in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province has announced it no longer requires parents to sign their children's homework, which was aimed at getting parents to supervise(监督) their children after school. China Youth Daily comments: Putting an end to the requirement that parents sign off on the homework of their children eases the burden on many parents, as otherwise they would have to do primary school homework after a hard day's work. But there are worries that if parents stop having to sign off on their children's homework, the children will not get good grades.
However, the most effective way for children to study is to develop their willingness to learn and do their own studies. When doing homework, students practice and hopefully apply what they have learned. It is true that teachers are supposed to check students' homework and identify their mistakes. But some parents correct their children's mistakes by themselves when signing off on it.
It is the duty of students to do their homework, be responsible for their studies and correct their mistakes. Parents' supervising their homework, checking their answers and dealing with the harder problems will only make children less aware of their mistakes and encourage them to wait for their parents' help when they face any problems.
Children have to manage their own learning and develop the ability to study by themselves, as competence will not be achieved if a student simply repeats strict tasks in which he is assisted in school by teachers and at home by parents.
A delayed satisfaction experiment conducted by Walter Mischel in the 1960s proved that children with better self-discipline(自律) performed better in their studies and interpersonal relationships.
There is little doubt that parents' supervision can make children's homework better. But it does not give children the chance to practice their ability to solve problems independently.
5．Why does the author mention the primary school's announcement in the first paragraph?
A．To express his doubts.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To present an argument.
D．To clarify his writing purpose.
6．In the author's opinion, stopping signing kids' homework mainly aims to ________．
A．ease the burden on many parents
B．help children get good grades
C．increase the kids' awareness of being responsible for their studies
D．shift(转移) the responsibility of supervising kids' homework on to teachers
7．Which of the following can be an effect caused by parents' stopping signing off?
A．Children's grades will absolutely decrease.
B．Children will lose confidence when facing any problems.
C．Children will simply repeat rigid tasks so as to practice themselves.
D．Children will try to deal with their problems and mistakes by themselves.
8．What is the author's attitude to parents' stopping signing kids' homework?
A．Supportive. B．Indifferent.
C．Neutral. D．Opposed.
答案与解析
语篇导读：这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了浙江省金华市一所小学宣布，不再要求家长在孩子的家庭作业上签字。《中国青年报》评论道：不再要求家长在孩子的家庭作业上签字，减轻了许多家长的负担，否则他们将不得不在辛苦工作一天后做小学作业。但也有人担心，如果父母不再为孩子的家庭作业签字，孩子就不会取得好成绩。
5．B 推理判断题。答案定位在第一段China Youth Daily comments: Putting an end to the requirement that parents sign off on the homework of their children eases the burden on many parents, as otherwise they would have to do primary school homework after a hard day's work.But there are worries that if parents stop having to sign off on their children's homework, the children will not get good grades.(《中国青年报》评论道：不再要求家长在孩子的家庭作业上签字，减轻了许多家长的负担，否则他们将不得不在辛苦工作一天后做小学作业。但也有人担心，如果父母不再为孩子的家庭作业签字，孩子就不会取得好成绩。)由此可知作者在第一段提到小学的公告是为了介绍主题，故选B。
6．C 细节理解题。答案定位在第三段It is the duty of students to do their homework, be responsible for their studies and correct their mistakes.可知作者认为，停止给孩子们的家庭作业签名主要是为了提高孩子们对学习负责的意识，故选C。
7．D 细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第三段Children have to manage their own learning and develop the ability to study by themselves, as competence will not be achieved if a student simply repeats strict tasks in which he is assisted in school by teachers and at home by parents.可知父母不再为孩子的家庭作业签字所造成的影响是孩子们会试图自己处理他们的问题和错误，故选D。
8．A 推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段There is little doubt that parents' supervision can make children's homework better.But it does not give children the chance to practice their ability to solve problems independently.(毫无疑问，父母的监督能使孩子的家庭作业做得更好。但是这并没有给孩子们机会去锻炼他们独立解决问题的能力。)由此推断出作者对父母停止给孩子的家庭作业签名持支持态度，故选A。
C
(2019年高考·天津卷)
I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.
I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say，“ I can't believe what's printed in the newspaper this morning，” made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.
This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said，“ The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf，” I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A's on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn't enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.
Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don't have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.
We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.
9．Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom's hands?
A．She wanted mom to read the news to her.
B．She was anxious to know what had happened.
C．She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart.
D．She couldn't help but stop mom from reading.
10．According to Paragraph 3，the author's reading of road signs indicates________．
A．her unique way to locate herself
B．her eagerness to develop her reading ability
C．her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules
D．her growing desire to know the world around her
11．What was the author's view on factual reading?
A．It would help her update test-taking skills.
B．It would allow much room for free thinking.
C．It would provide true and objective information.
D．It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.
12．The author takes novel reading as a way to________．
A．explore a fantasy land
B．develop a passion for learning
C．learn about the adult community
D．get away from a confusing world
13．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．The Magic of Reading
B．The Pleasure of Reading
C．Growing Up with Reading
D．Reading Makes a Full Man
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文为夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己的读书经历和感悟。
9．B 细节理解题。根据第二段主题句“I always wanted to know what my mom was reading.”和“Hearing mom say...made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself”可知，作者一直想知道妈妈在读什么。作者抢过妈妈读的报纸，因为作者自己迫切想看一看报纸上写的内容，故选B。
10．D 推理判断题。根据第三段“My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything”可以推断出，让妈妈开车开慢一点，她能够读出所有路标，正是作者在阅读方面的进步引起了她的好奇心，想要了解周围的一切，故选D。
11．C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading.I read for knowledge, and to make A's on my tests.”可知，小学和中学阶段的阅读都是事实性阅读，读书是为了获取知识，考试得A。因此事实性阅读能够提供真实的客观的信息，故选 C。
12．D 细节理解题。根据第五段“By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character.In these worlds I can become anyone.”( 打开一本小说，我可以摆脱我的负担，进入一个奇妙而神秘的世界，我现在是一个新的角色。在这个世界上，我可以成为任何人。) 可知，阅读小说可以让作者避开复杂的现实而投入到小说中的世界中去，故选D。
13．C 标题归纳题。根据上下文可知，作者以时间顺序回忆了自己的阅读经历和感悟，伴着阅读成长，故选项C符合题意。
课时跟踪训练4－2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I saw the vase in the window of an________(古董)shop.
2．We can________________(俯视)our school from the top of the hill.
3．His________(寒酸的)appearance made a bad impression on the people present.
4．Owing to the bad driving skills，many________(可怕的)road accidents have happened recently.
5．The________(裁判)whistled and the game began.
6．Since he can play many________(音乐的)instruments，he has become a member of the band.
答案
1．antique 2.overlook 3.shabby 4.horrible
5．referee 6.musical
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019年高考·浙江卷)
Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. __1__ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. __2__ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.
__3__ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. __4__ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. __5__
A．They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
B．Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
C．Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D．However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
E．Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.
F．They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night (1964)and Help！(1965)．
G．They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士的发展和影响，引领了一种潮流趋势。
1．C 第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的“At that time”可知前句提到了时间，而且与rock music有关，选项中只有C 项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间，故选C。
2．B 空前后都是讲述披头士的出名程度，根据空前“extremely popular in England”， 以及后文的“They became the hottest thing”可知此处描述了他们的影响，选项B (甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了一种潮流)符合文意，且关键词even是一个提示，故选B。
3．A 根据空后“They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.”(他们不确定美国人怎样反应)，可知他们首次来美国演出，所以A项(他们决定首次到美国开巡回演出)符合文意，故选A。
4．G 根据空后“The concert was broadcast live...”可知前句中应该出现concert，选项G中的关键词their first concert 前后呼应。故选G。
5．E 根据空前(由于披头士，市场上出现了很多机会)，E项(很多新乐队(新面孔)都是模仿披头士)，符合逻辑。故选E。
Ⅲ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I still remember my kindergarten teacher Mrs.White, although I don't remember much about what we learned in her class. My mother once told me that we used to__1__a lot. And I would bring back what I wrote and she could see there were so many__2__. But no red corrections. And always a star. Sometimes__3__a “Good”，which would make my heart soar (高涨)with__4__. But it worried my mother, so one day when she met Mrs.White, she asked her why she never__5__the wrong spellings of words.
Mrs.White replied，“The children are just beginning to get__6__about using words, about forming sentences. I don't want to__7__that enthusiasm with red ink. Spelling and grammar can wait. The wonder of words won't...”Maybe she didn't say it__8__like that. It was long ago. But I did grow up learning to use words with loving__9__like that.
I__10__now and think Mrs.Whites was a rather__11__teacher. She encouraged the joy，__12__and excitement of expression—however faultily—like that. I used to__13__“beautiful” a lot. Never could I quite remember that the “e”went __14__the “a”，which__15__my teacher in high school very much.__16__eventually the e's and a's settled into their__17__places. I am glad I didn't__18__on them though. “Pretty” is __19__to spell but it doesn't hold as much as you mean sometimes. And thanks to Mrs.White, I had no__20__about writing what I meant even if I couldn't quite spell it out. Because life isn't Pretty. It's Beautiful.
1．A.listen B．speak
C．write D．read
2．A.marks B．stars
C．words D．mistakes
3．A.even B．naturally
C．especially D．particularly
4．A.happiness B．sadness
C．discouragement D．disappointment
5．A.found B．corrected
C．ignored D．remembered
6．A.worried B．excited
C．anxious D．nervous
7．A.keep B．create
C．stop D．make
8．A.really B．carefully
C．totally D．exactly
9．A.fear B．confidence
C．pride D．content
10．A.look forward B．look after
C．look back D．look for
11．A.extraordinary B．strict
C．hardworking D．careless
12．A.delight B．wonder
C．relief D．satisfaction
13．A.mistake B．misuse
C．misunderstand D．misspell
14．A.behind B．after
C．before D．below
15．A.annoyed B．pleased
C．frightened D．confused
16．A.So B．But
C．And D．Or
17．A.right B．wrong
C．good D．bad
18．A.stand B．keep
C．wait D．rely
19．A.funnier B．harder
C．nicer D．easier
20．A.interests B．hope
C．worries D．sadness
答案与解析
语篇导读：这是一篇记叙文，讲述作者在幼儿园阶段在老师Mrs.White帮助下，逐渐纠正写作错误，不再畏惧写作，从而不再畏惧生活中的任何困难。字里行间体现出了作者对Mrs.White的感激之情。感恩老师让自己认识到生活是美好的。
1．C 考查动词词义辨析。listen 听； B．speak 说； C．write 写； D．read 读。由下文wrote可知，妈妈告诉我我们曾经经常写作。我都会把自己所写的东西带回来给妈妈看，故选C。
2．D 考查名词词义辨析。marks 分数； B．stars 星星； C．words 话语； D．mistakes 错误。由下文but(表示含义转折)但是她从不做任何红色的订正，她总是给我一个星星。可知妈妈会看我的写作并看到里面的许多错误，故选D。
3．A 考查副词词义辨析。A.even 甚至； B．naturally 自然； C．especially 尤其； D．particularly特别。本句but(表示含义转折)可以推测出，老师甚至还会给我评一个优秀，故选A。
4．A 考查名词词义辨析。A.happiness开心； B．sadness 悲伤； C．discouragement 沮丧； D．disappointment失望。由于老师总是给我星星，还批示优秀，这让我无比开心。因此作者对自己得到这样的赞美表示开心。故选A。
5．B 考查动词词义辨析。A.found 发现； B．corrected 纠正； C．ignored 忽略； D．remembered记得。句意：但是这使我母亲担心了，妈妈询问老师为什么不纠正孩子的错误。母亲对于作者的骄傲自满表现出担忧。故选B。
6．B 考查形容词词义辨析。A.worried 担心的； B．excited 兴奋，激动； C．anxious 焦虑的； D．nervous紧张的。句意：孩子们刚刚开始对用词感到兴奋。Mrs.White认为学生刚刚对写作有所感觉，拼写及语法错误可以等等，故选B。
7．C 考查动词词义辨析。A.keep 保持； B．create 创造； C．stop 停止；D.make制作。句意：我们不能用一支红笔中断了那份兴趣。Mrs.White认为红笔的批改可能会对学生写作兴趣有阻碍作用。阻碍，停止：stop，故选C。
8．D 考查副词词义辨析。A.really 真正地； B．carefully 小心；C.totally 完全； D．exactly准确。句意：我们不能用一支红笔中断了那份兴趣。尽管有时孩子用词不精确，故选D。
9．B 考查名词词义辨析。A.fear 恐惧； B．confidence 信心； C．pride 骄傲； D．content满意。句意：那是很久以前的事了，然而，我从小就学会用像那样的爱和自信的语言，故选B。
10．C 考查动词短语词义辨析。A.look forward 向前看； B．look after 照顾； C．look back 回首； D．look for寻找。句意：我回首过去，因为是妈妈给自己讲述的Mrs.White老师对自己写作的帮助，故选C。
11．A 考查形容词词义辨析。A.extraordinary 卓越的； B．strict 严格的； C．hardworking 努力的； D．careless粗心，联系后一句描述，可知我回首过去，我真的相信她就是这样一位极好的老师，故选A。
12．B 考查名词词义辨析。A.delight 高兴； B．wonder 好奇； C．relief 轻松； D．satisfaction 满意。句意：我认为Mrs.White就是这样一位极好的老师：尽力少用红笔，而把快乐、惊奇、激动留在孩子的心间，故选B。
13．D 考查动词词义辨析。A.mistake 错误； B．misuse 误用；C.misunderstand 误解；D.misspell错误拼写，由下文可知，我以前总是写错beautiful“美丽的”的拼写，记不住字母e和a的位置，故选D。
14．C 考查介词词义辨析。A.behind 后面； B．after 后面； C．before 前面； D．below下面。由上文可知，我以前总是写错beautiful“美丽的”的拼写，记不住字母e应该放在a前面的位置，故选C。
15．A 考查形容词词义辨析。A.annoyed 恼火的； B．pleased 开心的； C．frightened 害怕的；D.confused 困惑的。我以前总是写错beautiful“美丽的”的拼写，可以推断出这让我的高中老师很恼火，故选A。
16．B 考查连词词义辨析。A.So 因此； B．But 但是； C．And 并且； D．Or 否则。但是最终这两个字母摆在了它们正确的位置，推断出作者最终拼写对了这个单词，故选B。
17．A 考查形容词词义辨析。A.right 正确的； B．wrong 错误的； C．good 好的； D．bad坏的。beautiful当中e 和a两个字母摆在了它们正确的位置，推断出作者最终拼写对了这个单词，故选A。
18．C 考查动词词义辨析。A.stand 站立；B.keep 保持； C．wait 等待； D．rely依靠。我很高兴自己拼写正确了，庆幸自己做到这一点没有等太久，故选C。
19．D 考查形容词词义辨析。A.funnier 更好笑； B．harder 更难的； C．nicer 更好的； D．easier 更容易。结合语境可知此处指的是pretty更容易拼写。但是又不能表达出你想表达的意思，故选D。
20．C 考查名词词义辨析。A.interests 兴趣； B．hope 希望； C．worries担心； D．sadness悲伤。多亏Mrs.White, 我不用担心在表达自己内心真实想法时，自己会拼写错误，故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eileen Taylor had something sweet on her mind in the drive-through line at Heav'nly Donuts. Just the day before, a stranger ahead of her in line had __1__(generous) paid for her coffee. “The good deed made such __2__ big difference in my day，” says Eileen. She had recently lost her job as a physician's __3__ (assist), and money was tight. But Eileen __4__(inspire) to pay the $12 bill of the family in the car behind hers. __5__she didn't know was that her kindness would set off a chain reaction. In two and a half hours, fifty-five drivers paid for the order of the person behind __6__(they). The doughnut shop's employees __7__ (see) this before. This Heav'nly Donuts, in fact, is known as a special place, the customers of __8__ are considered as “the best in the world”. But, even so, the workers were __9__ (amaze) that the shop had more than doubled its previous record by the end of the day.
Now __10__ (work) as a chemist, Eileen visits Heav'nly Donuts every Saturday morning, picking up a coffee and paying for the order of the customer behind her.
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。艾琳在经济困窘之际，陌生顾客帮她付单的行为产生了连锁反应，很多人效仿这一行为。
1．generously 空处修饰动词，应用副词形式。
2．a make a difference意为“起作用”，是固定短语。
3．assistant 此处指“作为一个医生的助手”，故用名词assistant。
4．was inspired 本处叙述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；Eileen与inspire之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态；结合主语Eileen可知，填was inspired。
5．What 句意：她不知道的是她的善行引起了连锁反应。主语从句中know缺少宾语，故用what引导主语从句。
6．them 空处作介词behind的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式them。
7．had seen 根据语境并结合时间状语before可知，此处指的是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。
8．which 先行词place在后面的非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。
9．amazed 主语为workers，指人，应用amazed。
10．working 分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词作状语。因为work与句子主语Eileen之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。
课时跟踪训练4－3
Ⅰ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．Recently________(divorce) in my 30s, I had no job and was on my way downtown on a rainy day to go to the employment offices.
2．Almost________(freeze), the old man could not get off the ground.
3．This problem was not important，________(compare) to others she faced.
4．________(exhaust) by the running, they went on running after the robber.
5．________(laugh) at by many people, he continued his study.
6．She returned to the shop the following morning________(dress) in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.
7．______(satisfy) with her reply, Telemachus first set out for the island of the Cyclops to seek news of Odysseus.
8．When________(ask) by General Chen Geng whether Chinese could develop their own missiles，Qian said Chinese could do anything that foreigners could do.
9．________(warn) many times, they became more careful in doing the job.
10．________(leave) alone, the kid will get into trouble.
答案
1．divorced 2.frozen 3.compared 4.Exhausted
5．Laughed 6.dressed 7.Satisfied 8.asked
9．Having been warned 10.Left
Ⅱ.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Pygmalion is a drama in which Shaw has made sentiments
one of the principle themes of discussion. The Greek sculptor Pygmalion carved a statue and fell in love with it. Aphrodite (the goddess of love) turned the statue into a living woman named Galatea, who then became Pygmalion's wife.
The Shavian Pygmalion is Henry Higgins, a professor of phonetics, who picks up a flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, teaches her to speak as educated people do, and then successfully passes_her_off_as a duchess. But she is a human being and cannot be treated as a machine. In the course of all his experiments and exhibitions, the professor only thinks of his own skill success and failure, but never stops to consider how the girl feels. When the experiment is over, he has a profound sense of relief that he has achieved triumph and has won his bet. Even now，the sentiment of the girl is of no account. The girl naturally protests against this dehumanized relationship between her and her teacher. She hurls the professor's slippers at him when he wants them and then leaves his place. But evidently, she has begun to feel for the professor and wants also to be felt for.
Now the question is what is the nature of Eliza's feelings for the professor with whom she has lived in close association for so long? In the last act, the girl says she would not marry him even if he had proposed (求婚) to her. The professor, curiously ineffectual (无效的) to sexual emotions, does not love any girl because he finds them to be rivals (对手) to his own mother. He wonders, if Eliza does not want to marry him, then what does she want from him? Old Mrs. Higgins, who knows much about a woman says that it would have been better if he had thanked her and petted her and told her how wonderful she had been. Then perhaps she would not have fought with him. Every girl loves to be loved. Eliza herself says that she loves Freddy and he also loves her. Professor Higgins, however, remains as ever, an old bachelor.
1．What does the underlined phrase “passes her off as” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Let her pretend to be. B．Dress her up as.
C．Make her become. D．Turn into.
2．What kind of person do you think Higgins is according to the second paragraph?
A．He is a kind man.
B．He is a considerate man.
C．He is a selfish man.
D．He is a rude man.
3．Why does not Eliza marry Higgins? Because ________．
A．she does not love him
B．his mother does not like any girl to be her rival
C．he likes to be a bachelor
D．he doesn't love any girl for fear of them being his mother's rivals
4．Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A．Shaw was in fact a Greek sculptor.
B．Higgins was experimenting with Eliza.
C．Eliza wanted to become an educated lady very much.
D．Higgins fell in love with Eliza at first sight.
答案与解析
语篇导读：萧伯纳的著名戏剧《卖花女》具有经久不衰的艺术魅力，描述的是语言学教授希金斯如何把一名卖花姑娘训练成英语发音被上流社会接受并认可的故事，从而抨击了当时英国腐朽保守的等级意识。
1．A 词义猜测题。根据前文的“teaches her to speak as educated people do”以及下文的“In the course of all his experiments and exhibitions”可知该短语的意思是“把某人冒充或假装为”。
2．C 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知希金斯只考虑自己的成败得失，从不考虑伊莉莎的感受，显然他是一个自私的人。
3．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知伊莉莎不会嫁给希金斯，因为希金斯担心未来的妻子会成为他母亲的对手，所以他不敢爱上任何一个女孩。
4．B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知希金斯只是把伊莉莎当成一个试验品。故B正确。
B
Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater's 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building's end.
The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.
Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theater's location(位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the center of town，” he said. “Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”
Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.
The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.
5．In what way was yesterday's cleanup at the Plaza special?
A．It made room for new equipment.
B．It signaled the closedown of the theater.
C．It was done with the help of the audience.
D．It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.
6．Why was The Last Picture Show put on?
A．It was an all-time classic.
B．It was about the history of the town.
C．The audience requested it.
D．The theater owner found it suitable.
7．What will probably happen to the building?
A．It will be repaired.
B．It will be turned into a museum.
C．It will be knocked down.
D．It will be sold to the city government.
8.What can we infer about the audience?
A．They are disappointed with Bradford.
B．They are sad to part with the old theater.
C．They are supportive of the city officials.
D．They are eager to have a shopping center.
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争而被转售的故事。
5．B 细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅清理走了垃圾，而且还搬走了座椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。
6．D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，剧院老板选择这部电影是因为这部电影本身讲述的就是小镇上唯一的电影院准备关门停业的故事，与Plaza Theater 的现状一样。
7．C 推理判断题。根据第四段末句中“which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located”可以推断出这个剧院将被拆除，取而代之的是一个购物中心。
8．B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building”可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。
C
(2019年高考·课标全国卷Ⅲ)
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A＋E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China－some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.“ Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking_on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs－and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
9．What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A．It promoted the sales of artworks.
B．It attracted a large number of visitors.
C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
10．What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A．They are setting the fashion.
B．They start many fashion campaigns.
C．They admire super models.
D. They do business all over the world.
11．What do the underlined words “taking on” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．learning from B．looking down on
C．working with D．competing against
12．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion
Trends
答案与解析
语篇导读：这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚界的影响，中国年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。中国成了世界时尚的风向标。
9．B 细节理解题。答案定位在第三段“The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.”(此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。)由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故选B。
10．A 细节理解题。答案定位在第四段“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion－they are central to its movement .” (中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。)由此可知，Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚，故选A。
11．D 词义猜测题。下文and beating them hands down in design and sales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。由此推断出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和 Marc Jacobs竞争。taking on意思是“竞争”，故选D。
12．D 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段“China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.”以及最后一段“If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China—its influences , its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”(如果你今天谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国——它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊叹的服装，以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。)，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故选D。
课时跟踪训练4－4
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
King Evan was so conscious about keeping his people happy and considered them as his own family. He took great care to __1____ his people's needs and they lived happily.
However, King Evan used to hear his court(宫廷)men say that people in his kingdom always ___2__ him for various reasons. One day, he secretly took a trip around his land to find out what made his countrymen feel __3__. However, he could not see any unhappy people and this gave him great __4__.
He decided to __5__ a huge boulder(巨石)in the middle of the road to test the people who passed by. __6__ his soldiers had placed a huge boulder in the road, they all hid in a nearby place to __7__ what would happen next.
The boulder almost covered half of the road and many wealthy people simply walked around the boulder.
Nobody really seemed to care about the boulder __8__ the movements of vehicles.
The king's court men also saw the boulder but did __9__ to move it away. Instead, they bad-mouthed the __10__ for not maintaining the road properly. These were the people whom the king __11__ to be loyal! The king was shocked to __12__ their words.
A fruit seller walked along the road with his fruit. When he saw the huge boulder, he __13__ and tried to move the stone. After some __14__， the fruit seller removed the obstacle(障碍物)from the road __15__.
He saw a huge bag placed under the boulder. He picked up and was extremely __16__. The bag had a note on it, saying, “Here is a __17__ for you! The bag has 1，000 gold coins inside and they are for the one who __18__ this obstacle！”
The fruit seller was so happy and he was also __19__ by the king to a party where he was rewarded nicely. Every obstacle we face in our life is a(n) __20__！
1．A.satisfy B．express
C．record D．understand
2．A.remembered B．thanked
C．blamed D．forgave
3．A.excited B．respected
C．bored D．displeased
4．A.advice B．relief
C．power D．pressure
5．A.fix B．hang
C．hide D．place
6．A.Before B．Since
C．After D．Unless
7．A.consider B．guess
C．watch D．ask
8．A.disturbing B．controlling
C．directing D．changing
9．A.something B．nothing
C．everything D．anything
10．A.king B．soldiers
C．official D．passers-by
11．A.knew B．proved
C．announced D．believed
12．A.repeat B．hear
C．write D．read
13．A.left B．smiled
C．stopped D．returned
14．A.attempts B．tests
C．research D．discussion
15．A.easily B．naturally
C．hopefully D．successfully
16．A.nervous B．surprised
C．angry D．frightened
17．A.task B．gift
C．list D．joke
18．A.notices B．breaks
C．removes D．covers
19．A.challenged B．forced
C．sent D．invited
20．A.opportunity B．concern
C．message D．possibility
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个卖水果的人因移走国王故意放在路上的巨石而得到了奖励，这个故事告诉我们生活中的每一个障碍都是一个机会。
1．A 考查动词词义辨析。A.satisfy满足；B.express表达；C.record记录；D.understand理解。根据本空前的“King Evan was so conscious about keeping his people happy and considered them as his own family.”可知，Evan国王想让他的子民幸福地生活，他把他们当成自己的家人，所以他努力满足子民的需要，故A项正确。
2．C 考查动词词义辨析。A.remembered记得；B.thanked感谢； C．blamed责怪；D.forgave原谅。根据本空前的“However, King Evan used to hear his court(宫廷)men say that people in his kingdom always ”可知，然而，他经常听到臣子们说他的子民总是以各种各样的原因责怪他，故C项正确。
3．D 考查形容词词义辨析。A.excited兴奋的；B.respected受尊敬的；C.bored 无聊的；D.displeased不高兴的。臣子们说他的子民总是以各种各样的原因责怪他，所以一天国王决定微服出宫，看看是什么让他的子民不高兴。本空后的“unhappy”亦是提示，故D项正确。
4．B 考查名词词义辨析。A.advice建议；B.relief安慰，欣慰；C.power力量；D.pressure压力。根据本空前的“However, he could not see any unhappy people and this gave him great __4__”可知，然而，他没看到任何不高兴的人，这让他大感欣慰，故B项正确。
5．D 考查动词词义辨析。A.fix固定；B.hang挂； C．hide隐藏；D.place放。根据本空后的“a huge boulder(巨石)in the middle of the road to test the people who passed by.”可知，他决定在路中间放一块巨石来考验路过的人，故D项正确。
6．C 考查连词词义辨析。A.Before在……之前；B.Since自从；C.After在……之后；D.Unless除非。根据本空后的“his soldiers had placed a huge boulder in the road, they all hid in a nearby place to __7__ what would happen next.”可知，在他的士兵们把巨石放在路中间之后，他们都躲在附近的一个地方看接下来会发生什么，故C项正确。
7．C 考查动词词义辨析。A.consider考虑；B.guess猜想；C.watch看；D.ask问。根据语境可知，他们都躲在附近的一个地方看接下来会发生什么，故C项正确。
8．A 考查动词词义辨析。A.disturbing干扰，妨碍；B.controlling控制；C.directing指导；D.changing改变。根据本空后的“the movements of vehicles”可知，没有人在意妨碍车辆流通的巨石，故A项正确。
9．B 考查代词词义辨析。A.something某物； B．nothing什么都没有；C.everything一切；D.anything任何事。根据本空前的“The king's court men also saw the boulder but did”可知，国王的臣子们也都看见了巨石却没有把它移走，故B项正确。
10．A 考查名词词义辨析。A.king国王；B.soldiers士兵；C.official官员； D．passers-by路人。根据本空后的“for not maintaining the road properly.”可知，他们反而责怪国王没有妥善维护道路，故A项正确。
11．D 考查动词词义辨析。A.knew了解；B.proved证明；C.announced宣布；D.believed相信，认为。根据本空后的“to be loyal！”可知，这些人就是国王认为是忠诚的人，故D项正确。
12．B 考查动词词义辨析。A.repeat重复；B.hear听；C.write写；D.read读。上文说臣子们责怪国王没有妥善维护道路，听到这样的话国王感到很震惊，故B项正确。
13．C 考查动词词义辨析。A.left离开；B.smiled微笑；C.stopped停下；D.returned返回。根据本空后的“and tried to move the stone.”可知，一个卖水果的人停下来，试着把巨石移到一边，故C项正确。
14．A 考查名词词义辨析。A.attempts尝试；B.tests测试；C.research调查；D.discussion讨论。根据本空后的“the fruit seller removed the obstacle(障碍物)from the road __15__．”可知，经过几次尝试后，卖水果的人终于成功地把巨石移到了路边，故A项正确。
15．D 考查副词词义辨析。A.easily容易地；B.naturally自然地；C.hopefully有望地；D.successfully成功地。根据语境可知，经过几次尝试后，卖水果的人终于成功地把巨石移到了路边，故D项正确。
16．B 考查形容词词义辨析。A.nervous紧张的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.angry生气的；D.frightened害怕的。根据本空后的“The bag had a note on it, saying, ‘Here is a __17__ for you！’”可知，巨石下有一个大袋子，袋子上的纸条写着“这是给你的礼物”，这使那个卖水果的人感到很惊讶，故B项正确。
17．B 考查名词词义辨析。A.task任务；B.gift礼物；C.list清单；D.joke玩笑。根据语境可知，这袋金币是国王送给移走巨石的人的礼物，故B项正确。
18．C 考查动词词义辨析。A.notices注意；B.breaks弄坏；C.removes移除；D.covers覆盖。根据语境可知，这袋金币是送给移走巨石的人的，故C项正确。
19．D 考查动词词义辨析。A.challenged挑战； B．forced强迫；C.sent发送；D.invited邀请。根据本空后的“by the king to a party where he was rewarded nicely.”可知，国王还邀请他参加宴会，故D项正确。
20．A 考查名词词义辨析。A.opportunity机会；B.concern关心；C.message启示；D.possibility可能性。根据上文可知，那个卖水果的人因移走国王故意放在路上的巨石而得到了奖励，由此可知，这个故事告诉我们生活中的每一个障碍都是一个机会，故A项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you wish to one day become a great artist? Or maybe you're looking for a career in art and need to improve your skills. __1__， here are some ideas to help you improve your art skills.
·One of the most important things in art is practicing
You've probably heard it many times already — practice makes perfect. __2__．
·Take a few moments each day to study your surroundings
Look at the face of the person you're talking to. Notice how the light affects where all the shadows go and the shape of his feature. __3__. These things will help you gain a better understanding of how real objects work, are shaped and will come in handy when you're drawing.
·Learn how to obtain the correct colors and their properties accurately
The color concepts are very different than that in grade school basic art. The basic white and black to get shades and tones has a tendency to change the hue (色调) and make it dull and false.__4__．
·Look at other artists' works
Pay attention to their styles of drawing, so you can expand your viewpoint. And if you want, try copying their styles for a day to get a good idea on it. Also take trips to museums and art exhibits to gain inspiration.
·__5__
Whether it is a picture in a magazine or a bowl of fruit you set up on your counter, it's a good practice and it'll help you improve a lot.
A．Whatever the case may be
B．However far you have reached
C．Try using a model when you draw
D．Try observing the color and light in another perspective when you learn
E．Blue and yellow depending on many factors will be brown and not always green
F．Observe colors and shadows around you, and take a look at textures or how clothing wrinkles
G．Although you can't reach “perfect” in art, practicing drawing every day will help you improve a lot
答案与解析
语篇导读：你希望有朝一日成为艺术家吗？如果你在寻找与艺术有关的工作，而且需要提高技能的话，本文提出的五点建议会对你有所帮助。
1．A 上文的两句提到了两种情况。无论是何种情况，本文中的建议能帮助提高艺术技能。A项所在句在此处承上启下。
2．G 由上文可知，可能你已经听过很多次“熟能生巧”。G项“尽管你达不到艺术上的‘完美’，但是每天练习绘画会帮助你提高许多”承接上文，符合语境。
3．F 上句提到要留意光线如何影响阴影的位置和他的外形。F项与上句共同解释本段主旨“每天花上一些时间研究你周围的事物”。
4．E 上句提到，基础白色和黑色具有改变色调的倾向，并使之沉闷和虚假。E项“在许多因素影响之下，蓝色和黄色在一起会变成褐色，并不总是绿色”承接上句，说明确实如本段首句所说，会有不同。
5．C 空格下一段提到，无论是杂志上的一幅画还是操作台上的一碗水果都可以作为很好的练习对象，可以帮助你提高很多。C项“绘画时尝试使用模特”概括了本段主题，适合作主旨句。
Ⅲ.短文改错
As the development of the Internet，the net bar plays an important role on people's life.More and more students like to go to net bars.They were absorbed in playing games，or make friends.Some often go on to playing late into the night in the net bar.As a result，not only it do harm to their healthy but also it has a bad effect on their studies.Luckily，many parents have realized it.Recently，six thousands students have guaranteed they will be far away from net bars in Jinzhou City，Liaoning Province.This is necessary for the students to get rid off the bad habit.
答案
Ⅳ.书面表达
你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together，内容包括：
1．短片内容：学校的发展；
2．放映时间、地点；
3．欢迎对短片提出意见。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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答案
Notice
Boys and girls,
I have a piece of good news for you that a short video named Growing Together will be put on show by the Students' Union.Produced together by the government and our teachers, this video mainly tells us the history and development of our school, which will definitely exert positive influence on each of us.The show will be started in the Lecture Hall at 7 p．m.this Friday.So passionate and enthusiastic is it that you will never fail to be fascinated.What's more, any review is welcomed after your watching.You are free to express your personal opinions at our school website.
Look forward to your presence.
School Students' Union
