课时跟踪训练1－1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．________(移民)in the 1980s was very common.
2．Only a few of them thought highly of the plan.The________(大多数)were against it.
3．The________(繁荣)has created job opportunities.
4．They________(选举)a new president last year.
5．What________(百分率)of the students were absent?
6．Radio and television are important________(方式)of communication.
7．A strong man will bear________(困苦)without complaining.
8．There is often no clear________(区别)between them.
9．An________(飞机)has to overcome the resistance of the air.
10．Most________(种族的)discrimination is based on ignorance.
答案
1．Immigration 2.majority 3.boom 4.elected
5．percentage 6.means 7.hardship 8.distinction
9．aircraft 10.racial
Ⅱ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2019年高考·课标全国卷Ⅰ)
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15－18 years old in select communities(社区)．
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3，000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15－29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
1. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
2. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A. 15－18. B. 15－24.
C. 15－29. D. 16－17.
3. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth.
B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.
D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文为应用文。本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生在暑期找到工作。
1．B 细节理解题。根据Summer Company部分中的“Summer Company provides students with ...awards of up to $3，000 to start and run their own summer businesses” 可知“Summer Company为学生提供高达3 000美元的奖励，来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务”。“start and run their own summer businesses”即为“开办新的业务”，这对应B项中的“running new businesses”，二者是词义之间的转述关系。故选B。
2．D 细节理解题。根据Stewardship Youth Ranger Program部分中的第二段“Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知“符合条件的学生：16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁”。由此得出，这个项目要求年龄在16－17岁之间。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
3．D 细节理解题。根据Summer Employment Opportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句“Who is eligible: ...Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability”，可知Summer Employment Opportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。
B
(2018年高考·课标全国卷Ⅲ)
Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30，000.
Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20，000 people who dug for gold, 4，000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.
But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.
4．What attracted the early settlers to New York City?
A. Its business culture.
B. Its small population.
C. Its geographical position.
D. Its favourable climate.
5．What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?
A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.
B. One out of five people got rich.
C. Almost everyone gave up.
D. Half of them died.
6．What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?
A. They found the city too crowded.
B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.
C. They were unable to stand the winter.
D. They were short of food.
7．What is the text mainly about?
A．The rise and fall of a city.
B．The gold rush in Canada.
C．Journeys into the wilderness.
D．Tourism in Dawson.
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大城市道森市的兴衰史。道森市虽然地理位置不占优势，生存环境也比较恶劣，但因为金矿的发现而繁荣起来。然而随着金矿被挖掘一空，人们又都陆续迁离这里，道森市又变成人烟稀少的城市。
4．C 推理判断题。文章首段提到，人们选择居住的城市往往是那些便于交通和贸易的地方，比如靠近港口或河流，接下来便以纽约城为例，指出它就是靠近一个很大的海港，由此可推知，吸引早期居住者的是纽约城的地理位置。
5．B 事实细节题。根据第二段的Of the first 20，000 people who dug for gold, 4，000 got rich可知，第一批去道森市淘金的20 000人中4 000人成为了富人，也就是说五分之一的人变成了富人。
6．B 事实细节题。根据第三段的when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come可知，当听说别的地方有金矿的时候，人们都迅速地离开了道森市。
7．A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了加拿大城市道森市的兴衰史。道森市虽然地理位置不占优势，生存环境也比较恶劣，但因为金矿的发现而繁荣起来。然而随着金矿被挖掘一空，人们又都陆续迁离这里，道森市又变成人烟稀少的城市，由此过程可看出道森市的大起大落。
C
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed (赋予) with certain rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit (追求) of happiness.”
These are words written in the Declaration of Independence. Finding happiness is a basic human goal.
Since 2012, the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network has been producing the World Happiness Report. According to their 2015 report, people living in Switzerland are the happiest in the world. Switzerland took the first spot from Denmark which had held the title of being the happiest since the first survey in 2012. It is rather interesting that the top four happiest nations in the world are all small or medium-sized European countries, while England 21, Germany 26 and France 29 are further down the table. Iceland, Denmark and Norway follow Switzerland with Canada being placed 5th among the happiest nations. Wondering how happy folks in the US are? The country came in at number 15. Syria (Asia) came in at 156, Burundi (Africa) 157, and Togo (Africa) 158. They are the least happiest nations coming in at the bottom of the table.
So what makes a country happy? Well, its citizens have longer life expectancies (预期寿命), more social support and are more generous. They have more freedom to make life choices, believe that there is less corruption (腐败) in their communities and have a higher GDP per person.
Switzerland lies at the crossroads of Europe. In fact, the country is very close to the geographical center of the continent. It is also a melting pot of different cultures — German, French and Italian, which are all official languages spoken here. The Swiss landscape is very diverse as well, from the Swiss Alps to the charming valleys carved out by glaciers.
Switzerland is famous for its neutrality (中立), and has not taken sides in any wars. The Swiss have chosen to not be part of the European Union, and the country joined the United Nations only in 2002. Since Switzerland does not participate in wars, its citizens serve in peacekeeping missions around the world.
8．The first paragraph is used to________．
A．explain a reason B．give an example
C．introduce the topic D．provide the background
9．What do we know from the 2015 World Happiness Report?
A．Canada is happier than the US.
B．Iceland has less happiness than England.
C．The least happiest nation comes from Asia.
D．The top five happiest nations are all from Europe.
10．The last two paragraphs mainly explain why Switzerland________．
A．has the high GDP per person
B．lies at the crossroads of Europe
C．has won the title of the happiest nation
D．serves as a peacekeeper around the world
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文是说明文。据联合国可持续发展解决方案网公布的2015年《全球幸福报告》，瑞士位居全球最幸福国家榜首。
8．C 写作意图题。文章第一段通过引用《美国独立宣言》中的话尤其是“the pursuit of happiness”引出本文的主题——据联合国可持续发展解决方案网公布的2015年《全球幸福报告》，瑞士位居全球最幸福国家榜首。
9．A 细节理解题。由第三段2015年《全球幸福报告》可知，排名前五位的除加拿大外，都是来自欧洲的国家，而美国位列第十五名，最不幸福的国家则是来自非洲的多哥。
10．C 段落大意题。文章最后两段从地理优势、文化优势、政治立场等方面解释了瑞士是如何获得最幸福国家称号的。
课时跟踪训练1－2
Ⅰ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
team up with；take in；keep up；home to；by means of；
mark out；in addition；home to；occur to；feel like
1．A good idea__________Jane while she was talking to Mary.
2．They________the tennis court with white paint.
3．People gain valuable work experience and，________，employers can afford to employ them.
4．Do you ________ going for a swim after we have finished the work?
5．The mountain is________a good many wild animals and rare plants.
6．The woman was________by the businessman's offers of marriage and stupidly gave him most of her money.
7．You can________one other class member if you want.
8．As an educational center，the city of Belfast is________Queen's University.
9．They eventually succeeded________perseverance.
10．I hope the fine weather will________．The crops need much sunshine.
答案
1．occurred to 2.marked out 3.in addition
4．feel like 5.home to 6.taken in 7.team up with
8．home to 9.by means of 10.keep up
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2018年高考·课标全国卷Ⅱ)
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.__1__Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
·Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.__2__
·Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. __3__If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
·__4__Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
·__5__If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
答案与解析
语篇导读：说明文。晨练给人带来的额外好处。
1． G 首段设空，引出文章中心。空前If条件句提示，所以设空处对应之前If条件句，7个选项中只有G项是If条件句。
2． E 小标题意思‘生产力提升’，紧接着makes you more awake，7个选项中符合同义表达的只有E项 keep your head clear, 保持头脑清醒。
3． F 小标题提到新陈代谢，设空处后文又提到 get the calorie burning benefits，7个选项中符合同义表达的只有F项，continue to burn calories 持续燃烧卡路里。
4． B 小标题设空，后文提到people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening，7个选项中跟睡眠质量相关，又能做小标题的只有B项。
5． A 小标题设空，后文提到 you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day，7个选项中跟坚持选择吃健康食物相关，又能做小标题的只有A项， stick to your diet。C项干扰，小标题核心是stick to，而不是 prefer A to B。
Ⅲ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2019年高考·浙江卷)
There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the __1__the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that's precisely why one __2__ Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving __3__on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month, 1，900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet's __4__of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.
As you can __5__， the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants __6__tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of __7__garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places __8__ him food that would otherwise be discarded.For legal __9__， most restaurants have a policy against __10__food waste. “Some people have even __11__ their jobs by giving me food，” Dubanchet said.
What's __12__interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause. Berlin has been the __13__while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to __14__at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The __15__ is all the more serious when you consider the __16__exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
“I have to get food __17__ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the __18__，”Dubanchet explained. “Is my __19__ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.”
He aims to __20__ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he'll turn a few more heads in the process.
1. A. cleverer B. older
C. stranger D. simpler
2. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving
C. food-wasting D. law-breaking
3. A. secretly B. finally
C. entirely D. probably
4. A. purpose B. way
C. opinion D. dream
5. A. observe B. imagine
C. suggest D. remember
6. A. store B. cook
C. shop for D. throw away
7. A. locked B. damaged
C. connected D. abandoned
8. A. bought B. offered
C. ordered D. sold
9. A. reasons B. rights
C. fees D. aids
A. begging for B. giving away
C. hiding D. causing
11. A. did B. kept
C. accepted D. risked
12. A. hardly B. usually
C. particularly D. merely
13. A. easiest B. nearest
C. biggest D. richest
14. A. work B. shout
C. ask D. jump
15. A. competition B. conversation
C. conflict D. challenge
16. A. adequate B. rewarding
C. demanding D. suitable
17. A. again B. alone
C. later D. fast
18. A. spirit B. energy
C. time D. effort
19. A. stomach B. hand
C. pocket D. basket
20. A. arrange B. restart
C. report D. finish
答案与解析
语篇导读：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意，Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。
1．C 考查形容词辨析。根据Usually, the __1__ the idea is, the more it gets noticed.可知这里意思是通常，这个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A.cleverer更聪明的；B.older更老的；C.stranger更奇怪；D.simpler更简单的，故选C。
2．A 考查形容词辨析。根据Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving __3__ on discarded(丢弃) food.可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。A.garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B.sports-loving爱好体育的；C.food-wasting浪费食物的； D．law-breaking破坏法律的，故选A。
3．C 考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。A.secretly 秘密地；B.finally 最后；C.entirely完全地；D.probably很可能，故选C。
4．B 考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1 900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起欧洲和全世界对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpose目的；B.way道路；C.opinion意见；D.dream梦想，故选B。
5．B 考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A.observe观察；B.imagine想象；C.suggest建议；D.remember记得，故选B。
6．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A.store存储；B.cook做饭；C.shop for购买某物；D.throw away扔掉，故选D。
7．A 考查形容词辨析。根据it remains inaccessible可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。A.locked上锁的；B.damaged被损坏的；C.connected连接的；D.abandoned被抛弃的，故选A。
8．B 考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。A.bought买；B.offered提供；C .ordered命令；D.sold销售，故选B。
9．A 考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasons原因；B.rights权利；C.fees费用；D.aids援助，故选A。
10．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。A.begging for乞求； B．giving away分发；C.hiding隐藏；D.causing造成，故选B。
11．D 考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did做；B.kept保持；C.accepted接受；D.risked冒……的危险，故选D。
12．C 考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度。A.hardly几乎不；B.usually 通常；C.particularly特别是；D.merely仅仅，故选C。
13．A 考查形容词辨析。根据while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知这里意思是柏林是最容易的。A.easiest最容易的；B .nearest最近的；C .biggest最大的；D.richest最富有的，故选A。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。A.work工作；B.shout 呼喊；C.ask询问；D.jump跳跃，故选C。
15．D 考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A.competition竞赛；B.conversation会话；C.conflict冲突；D.challenge挑战，故选D。
16．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A.adequate充足的；B.rewarding有益的；C.demanding要求高的；D.suitable适当的，故选C。
17．D 考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为一路骑自行车，我累了，我需要能量。A.again再一次；B.alone独自地；C .later后来；D.fast迅速地，故选D。
18．B 考查名词辨析。根据because after all the biking I am tired可知我需要能量。A.spirit精神；B.energy能量；C.time时间；D.effort努力，故选B。
19．A 考查名词辨析。根据That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.可知这里意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。A.stomach胃；B.hand手；C.pocket口袋；D.basket篮子，故选A。
20．D 考查动词辨析。根据With any luck, he'll turn a few more heads in the process.可知这里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange安排；B.restart重新开始；C.report报告；D.finish结束，故选D。
课时跟踪训练1－3
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It must be true________sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.
2．I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see________news the night might bring.
3．There is no doubt________my friend was not important to them all.
4．The mountain is no longer________it used to be.
5．It worried her a bit________her hair was turning gray.
6．The difficulty we now meet with is________we can persuade him to tell us the truth.
7．________the car can be used has not been known yet.
8．________we can't understand is________he didn't join us in our discussion.
答案
1．that 2.what 3.that 4.what 5.that
6．how 7.Whether 8.What why
Ⅱ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2019年高考·课标全国卷Ⅱ)
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress，Miss Trunchbull，are equally funny and frightening，but they're also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It's about two sisters—Eri，a model who either won't or can't stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student . In trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Flynn
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable.
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
1．Who does “I” refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl.
2. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.
C. After Dark. D. The Stand.
3. What kind of book is Gone Girl?
A. A folk tale. B. A biography.
C. A love story. D. A horror story.
答案与解析
语篇导读：这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了作家Jo Usmar最喜欢的书籍。
1．C 细节理解题。由Matilda中的“I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds”可知，我曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德·达尔写作有影响的论文，这篇论文让我对他奇怪而有趣的文字有了新的认识。所以Jo Usmar在介绍Matilda这本书，用第一人称“I”口吻来说明自己曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德·达尔写作有影响的论文。所以“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。
2．C 细节理解题。由After Dark中的“It's about two sisters—Eri，a model who either won't or can't stop sleeping, and Mari，a young student”可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹——Eri是一个突然一觉不醒的模特。Mari，是一个充满青春活力的学生。所以After Dark中讲述了Eri和Mari的故事。故C选项正确。
3．D 细节理解题。由Gone Girl中的“...but the horror story is brilliant”可知，但是这个恐怖的故事很精彩。所以Gone Girl讲述的是一个恐怖故事。故D选项正确。
B
(2018年高考·课标全国卷Ⅱ)
Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
If you have a_juicer,_you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
4. What does the author seem to like about cherries?
A. They contain protein.
B. They are high in vitamin A.
C. They have a pleasant taste.
D. They are rich in antioxidants.
5. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?
A. To make them smell better.
B. To keep their colour.
C. To speed up their ripening.
D. To improve their nutrition.
6. What is “a juicer”in the last paragraph?
A. A dessert. B. A drink.
C. A container. D. A machine.
7. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A travel brochure.
答案与解析
语篇导读：本篇是一篇说明文，介绍富含营养物质的几种浆果，及用香蕉做甜点的方法。
4．C 推理判断题。在第二段最后说了As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares？...与之相对应答案应为C选项。
5．B 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词fresh lemon juice定位到第三段中的If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.可知目的是为了防止香蕉变色。
6．D 推理判断题。定位至最后一段，由feed in frozen bananas可知juicer是可以装香蕉的东西，再看到下一句，关键动词out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert可知该容器可把香蕉变成一个甜品，所以功能强大，选machine机器最恰当。
7．B 推理判断题。该文中心词是fruit，第二段讲了一些水果的营养成分，第三段则讲述如何做出美味的水果甜点，所以不应该是跟biology“生物”，research“研究”以及travel“旅行”这三个话题相关，故选B，与health“健康”息息相关。
Ⅲ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. __1__ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
·__2__ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
·Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. __3__ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
· Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. __4__
· Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. __5__ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
1．E 根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选项E符合语境。
2．G 根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.(与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的)，解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
3．A 根据前一句 Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
4．C 根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故选项C符合语境。
5．F 通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F符合上下文语境。
课时跟踪训练1－4
Ⅰ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __1__process and found something that has changed my __2__at college for the better: I discovered ASL — American Sign Language(美式手语)．
I never felt an urge to __3__any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The__4__languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my __5__ for ASL.
The __6__ began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club __7__ their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very __8__ of communicating without speaking __9__ me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the __10__. This newness just left me __11__more.
After that, feeling the need to __12__ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club's meetings. I only learned how to __13__ the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my __14__ progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to __15__ those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I __16__ an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was __17__. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.__18__， if there had been any talking, it would have__19__ us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the __20__ way of communication it opens.
1. A. searching B. planning
C. natural D. formal
2. A. progress B. experience
C. major D. opinion
3. A. choose B. read
C. learn D. create
4. A. official B. foreign
C. body D. spoken
5. A. love B. concern
C. goal D. request
6. A. meeting B. trip
C. story D. task
7. A. recorded B. performed
C. recited D. discussed
8. A. idea B. amount
C. dream D. reason
9. A. disturbed B. supported
C. embarrassed D. attracted
10. A. end B. past
C. course D. distance
11. A. showing B. acting
C. saying D. wanting
12. A. exercise B. explore
C. express D. explain
13. A. print B. write
C. sign D. count
14. A. slow B. steady
C. normal D. obvious
15. A. chair B. sponsor
C. attend D. organize
16. A. missed B. passed
C. gave up D. registered for
17. A. prohibited B. welcomed
C. ignored D. repeated
18. A. Lastly B. Thus
C. Instead D. However
19. A. required B. caused
C. allowed D. expected
20. A. easy B. popular
C. quick D. new
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习手语的经历。刚开始作者认为自己没有必要学习手语，直到有一次看到手语俱乐部的表演，作者深深地为之吸引，从而产生了学习手语的渴望。
1．A 考查形容词辨析。searching寻找的，探索的；planning计划的；natural自然的；formal正式的。句意：我自己经历了这个探索的过程。根据前文While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration可知大学为探索提供了舞台，所以这里指的是作者“探索”的过程。故选A。
2．B 考查名词辨析。progress进步；experience经历；major主修科目；opinion观点。句意：我发现有些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。故选B。
3．C 考查动词辨析。choose选择；read看，读；learn学习；create创造。句意：我以前从没有过学习手语的冲动。故选C。
4．D 考查形容词辨析。official官方的；foreign外国的；body肢体的；spoken口语的。根据前文My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，因此作者认为在平时的交流中，口语就足够了。spoken language口语。故选D。
5．A 考查名词辨析。love热爱；concern关心，顾虑；goal目标；request请求。句意：我没想过我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中I never felt an urge to__3__any sign language before表明作者以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选A。
6．C 考查名词辨析。meeting会议；trip旅行；story故事；task任务。句意：故事发生在我上大学的第一周。分析语境可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选C。
7．B 考查动词辨析。record记录；perform表现，表演；recite背诵；discuss讨论。句意：我观看他们在ASL俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译。分析语境可知ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，因此他们应该是在用手语表演一首歌。故选B。
8．A 考查名词辨析。idea想法；amount数量；dream梦想；reason原因。句意：手的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我。分析语境可知作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了帮助人们交流而设计的手势。故选A。
9．D 考查动词辨析。disturb打扰；support支持；embarrass使……难堪；attract吸引。分析语境可知ASL俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会主动去学习手语。故选D。
10．B 考查名词辨析。end结束，末尾；past过去；course课程；distance距离。句意：我所看到的和我在过去经历的事情完全不同。in the past在过去。故选B。
11．D 考查动词辨析。show展示；act行动；say说；want想要。句意：这种新奇的感觉使我想了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解手语，所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议，上手语课的经历。故选D。
12．B 考查动词辨析。exercise锻炼；explore探索；express表达；explain解释。句意：在那之后，我感觉到想要探索更多(关于手语的东西)，于是我决定参加ASL俱乐部的一个会议。故选B。
13．C 考查动词辨析。print打印；write写；sign签名，打手语；count数。句意：那天我只学会了打字母表的手语。分析语境可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的打字母表的手语。故选C。
14．A 考查形容词辨析。slow缓慢的；steady平稳的；normal正常的；obvious明显的。句意：我并没有因为自己进步缓慢而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了打字母表的手语，所以进步是很慢的。故选A。
15．C 考查动词辨析。chair主持，使……入座；sponsor赞助；attend参加；organize组织。句意：之后我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议，学习我能学习的一切。attend a meeting参加会议。故选C。
16．D 考查动词辨析。miss错过，想念；pass通过；give up放弃；register for报名，注册。句意：接下来的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选D。
17．A 考查动词辨析。prohibit禁止；welcome欢迎；ignore忽视；repeat重复。句意：教授的耳朵听不见，任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文if there had been any talking可知在课堂上禁止用口语交流。故选A。
18．C 考查副词辨析。lastly最后，终于；thus因此，如此；instead反而，相反地；however然而。句意：反而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的，反而有口语交流会影响我们学习手语。故选C。
19．B 考查动词辨析。require要求；cause造成；allow允许；expect期待。句意：如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选B。
20．D 考查形容词辨析。easy简单的；popular受欢迎的；quick快速的；new新的。句意：现在我很感激当时的安静，并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式。分析语境可知手语对于作者来说是一种新的交流方式，故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Over the past few years, there has been a big increase in the number of people sharing information online. Sharing information online has become a routine for many of us, but have you ever given a thought as to why we will involve ourselves into this activity?
We often share information with our friends in office or at home to educate, entertain, or pleasantly surprise them. In this way we can be connected with others. This is also true while sharing information online. If you look at the Facebook wall posts of your friends, you will realize that most of their updates are usually famous quotes, entertaining videos, inspirational images, funny jokes, etc. As the study of The New York Times found out, 94% of the respondents (应答者) said they put in a lot of thought on how the content they are sharing will be beneficial to others.
A lot of people share information online to present their true image to the outside world. Some people, especially those who feel shy and uncomfortable to talk about their areas of interest in the presence of others, find it extremely convenient to share that information online with like-minded individuals.
78% of the respondents in the study of The New York Times said they shared information online because it helped them develop better relationships. Today, a lot of people do not have the time to meet each other in person, and the Internet has become a great substitute. A lot of people now meet each other online, rather than in conventional places like restaurants and pubs.
Lastly, when we share our thoughts online, we are actively involving ourselves in the vast community of people who are a part of the World Wide Web. Sharing information will make a difference to the viewpoint of others, or add to their understanding about the world. In the study of The New York Times, 89% of the respondents said that feeling satisfied with what they have done, they enjoyed sharing to get more involved in the world.
1．What attitude do most people take when sharing information online?
A．Responsible. B．Critical.
C．Self-centered. D．Negative.
2．Which of the following may lead to people's sharing information online?
A．Young age. B．Unsuccessful career.
C．Shy personality. D．Broken marriage.
3．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________．
A．sharing information online will remain popular
B．we should respect others when sharing information
C．sharing information can make people work actively
D．we should share thoughts to make a difference to others
4．The text mainly tells us ________．
A．we should share information online
B．how we can share information online
C．more people share information online
D．what motivates people to share information online
答案与解析
语篇导读：现在许多人都在网上交流信息。这样做的原因是什么呢？文章就此进行了分析。
1．A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“94% of the respondents said they put in a lot of thought on how the content they are sharing will be beneficial to others”可知，大部分人会认真考虑自己网上发的信息是否对他人有利，这说明他们有负责任的态度。
2．C 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Some people, especially those who feel shy and uncomfortable ...”可知，性格会影响人们与他人交流个人信息的方式，害羞的人更倾向于网络交流。
3．A 推理判断题。文章最后一段陈述了网上交流信息的好处，最后一句提到89%的人对他们在网上分享信息这种做法比较满意，并享受着这种能使自己融入世界的分享，既然如此，必将会延续这种做法。故选A。
4．D 主旨大意题。文章主要是讲人们在网上交流信息的原因，从文章第一段也可以看出。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)__1__ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side__2__ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required __3__(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt__4__ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As __5__ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even__6__ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food__7__ (be) full of fat and salt; by __8__ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be __9__ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both，__10__ is not good for the health.
答案与解析
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。
1．as 考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以……身份”，故填as。
2．effects 考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知“side effect”(副作用)有很多，故填effects。
3．to process 考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，require sb.to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb.be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。
4．are removed 考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知fat, salt和remove之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
5．a 考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。
6．worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。
7．is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
8．eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词，所以填eating。
9．careful 考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。
10．which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2019年高考·课标全国卷Ⅰ)
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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答案
Dear Sir，
I'm LiHua, an outgoing boy, who is studying in London.I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team, having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city.I have some advantages for the job.
First of all, having lived in China for sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child , I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.Besides, having a good knowledge of Chinese paintings because of my familiarity with Chinese painting culture, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it.Last but not least，through my introduction and efforts, I believe, I can strengthen the friendship between China and England.I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours，
Li Hua
