课件36张PPT。Section Ⅰ Warming Up
& Pre-reading &
Reading—Comprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解目的状语从句目的状语表语定语从句伴随状语定语从句Unit 5 Music
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
课时作业
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．Though I'm not familiar with the poem, I'll try to learn it by heart.
2．The children's performance (perform) gave the elders a lot of pleasure last week.
3．I never dreamed of there being (be) such a good chance for me to travel around the world.
4．When her mother came into her room, Mary pretended to be sleeping (sleep)．
5．In my opinion，forming (form) good habits to learn English is very important and necessary.
6．Mother bought many tomatoes from the market two days ago, most of which have gone bad because of the bad weather.
7．When I was in middle school, I relied on my parents about everything.
8．He earned his living by growing vegetables after he graduated.
9．Don't break in when he is telling the story.
10．As far as I know, the hospital is attached (attach) to a famous university.
Ⅱ. 单句改错
1．To be briefly, I think we should accept their invitation. briefly→brief
2．The dictionary is a useful tool with that you can improve your English. that→which
3．Two friends have an argument that breaks down their friendship forever. down→up
4．The boy pretended to sleeping when his mother asked him to have dinner. 第一个to后加be
5．Help in form of money will be welcome. in后加the
6．The jokes the naughty boy played to the old people made many people angry. to→on
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Listening to music is considered a good thing for adults. Indeed it is. Scientific studies have proven it. Music has so many good effects on our body, mind and mood that this world will certainly not be a good place without music. Then, is music good for children? Some parents think so and let their children learn or listen to music. But some parents don't know the importance of music to children. Here are some reasons why music is important to children.
First, music is good for children's intelligence. Studies have proved that children who learn music are likely to have higher intelligence than those who have no interest in or dislike music. This is because the brain gets stimulated (刺激) by the rhythm and tone of music.
Music also has soothing (抚慰的) effect on children and helps remove their stress. Today's children are under a lot of stress from schoolwork. Being under too much stress impairs children's health. Luckily, listening to music can help them feel better.
Music can improve children's moods. Some children are sad by nature. They seem to be lost in their own thoughts and don't take interest in their surroundings. In such cases, a method known as “music therapy” comes to their rescue. It changes their moods and places a new kind of spirit in them.
Music is also a universal language that children ought to learn. Our world has become a global village. People are getting more and more interested in other cultures and countries. Music can help them in understanding foreign cultures.
Now we can say that music is very important not only to adults but also to children. So children should be encouraged to learn music or listen to music.
【解题导语】 小孩接触音乐对他们很有好处，父母应该多让小孩接触音乐。
1．By mentioning scientific studies in Paragraph 1, the author wants to show ________.
A．why adults should listen to music
B．children should listen to music
C．listening to music is only good for adults
D．why scientists are interested in music
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Listening to music is considered a good thing for adults. Indeed it is. Scientific studies have proven it. ”可知，作者是为了表明听音乐对成人有益处，也就是为什么成人应该听音乐。
2．What does the underlined word “impairs” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Harms. B．Changes.
C．Improves. D．Shows.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据“Luckily, listening to music can help them feel better. ”可知，画线词所在的句子是指“太多压力会‘伤害’孩子的健康”。
3．The last but second paragraph shows that listening to music means ________.
A．learning languages better
B．understanding foreign cultures better
C．accepting the fast developing world easily
D．showing greater interest in other cultures
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Music can help them in understanding foreign cultures. ”可知，听音乐可以帮助更好地理解外国的文化。
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Why do Children Love Music?
B．How to Choose Music for Children
C．How to Teach Children Music Easily
D．Why is Music Important to Children?
解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲为什么音乐对小孩很重要。
Ⅳ. 完形填空
It was a sunny day when my dad and I were arriving at his company. We 1 the car and got out of it. I 2 and saw a gray thing on the ground. I thought it was a 3 ， but it started to move. As we approached we 4 that it was a small wounded dog.
We were so moved by the 5 that we decided to help the 6 dog. We bought some dog food in the store across the street and got some 7 water for the dog in order to help him regain 8 .
He was desperate 9 while we were giving him the food and water he almost 10 his head in them. Once he had eaten we encouraged him to move； 11 ， he could not. My dad tried to take him in his arms, but he started barking due to a wounded bleeding paw. 12 ， we made a decision to carry him on a small stretcher (担架) to our 13 .
Rapidly, we took him to the vet's for him to receive 14 treatment. The vet told us that he had a broken leg and that he had been 15 for days. He got out of the vet's office after 5 days of 16 ， and we decided to look for a 17 for him.
He was finally 18 by one of my dad's workers and is living 19 . In conclusion, I learned from this that everybody can do an act of kindness. Everyone 20 a second chance to be happy.
【解题导语】 本文为一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和父亲一道救助一只受伤的狗，最终狗被一个好心人收养的经历。通过这个故事，作者告诉我们每个人都能尽一份爱心，每个人都拥有再次快乐的机会。
1．A. left B．parked
C．drove D．boarded
解析：选B 根据上文中的“were arriving at his company”及下文中的“got out of it”可知，作者和父亲把车停(parked)好后下了车。
2．A. looked around B．came up
C．passed by D．went away
解析：选A 作者环顾(looked around)四周，看见地面上有一个灰色的东西。pass by“路过，经过”；go away “走开，离开”。
3．A. plastic box B．rubbish bin
C．garbage bag D．metal can
解析：选C 作者以为它是一个垃圾袋，但是它开始移动了。根据上文的“saw a gray thing on the ground”和下文的“it was a small wounded dog”可知，只有garbage bag和gray thing, dog能联系起来。
4．A. remembered B．admitted
C．expected D．realized
解析：选D 当作者和父亲走近时，他们才意识到那是一只受伤的小狗。remember“记得，记住”；admit“承认”；expect“期待，期望”；realize“意识到”。
5．A. scene B．view
C．condition D．situation
解析：选A 作者和父亲被眼前的这一幕(scene)打动了，决定帮助这只可怜的小狗。condition“状态，状况”；situation“情况，局面”。
6．A. lucky B．missing
C．poor D．lovely
解析：选C 参见上题解析。poor“可怜的，不幸的”。
7．A. pure B．salty
C．sweet D．delicious
解析：选A 作者和父亲在街对面的商店买了一些狗粮并弄了一些纯净(pure)水来帮助它恢复体力。
8．A. power B．strength
C．energy D．spirit
解析：选B 参见上题解析。power“动力”；strength“体力，力气”；energy“精力”；spirit“精神”。
9．A. even if B．as if
C．so that D．in that
解析：选C 前后句之间是原因和结果的关系，故用so that“因此，结果”引导结果状语从句。in that“因为”，引导原因状语从句。
10．A. hurt B．abandoned
C．shook D．buried
解析：选D 根据上文中的“He was desperate”可知，小狗非常需要食物和水，因此当作者和父亲提供给它食物和水时，它差点儿把它的头埋(buried)在其中。
11．A. therefore B．besides
C．instead D．however
解析：选D 小狗一吃完，作者和父亲就鼓励它动一动，但是，它动弹不得。根据语境可知，本空应填表示转折的however。
12．A. In the end B．At first
C．In fact D．At one time
解析：选A 最后，作者和父亲决定用小担架把狗带到他们的车上。in the end“最后”；at first“起初”；in fact“事实上”；at one time“一度”。
13．A. car B．company
C．home D．office
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
14．A. affordable B．free
C．immediate D．available
解析：选C 很快，作者和父亲带小狗去看了兽医，以便它能得到及时的治疗。affordable“负担得起的”；immediate“立即的，即刻的”；available“可利用的，可得到的”。
15．A. continuing B．struggling
C．surviving D．starving
解析：选D 根据常识可知，兽医应是对狗的身体状况作评论，故此处应表示“兽医告诉我们它腿受伤了，而且饿了好几天”，故选starving“挨饿”。上文的“He was desperate”也是暗示。
16．A. operation B．recovery
C．exercise D．adjustment
解析：选B 经过五天的恢复(recovery)，小狗得以从兽医诊所出来了，作者和父亲决定为它找一个家。
17．A. hospital B．unit
C．market D．family
解析：选D 参见上题解析。
18．A. supported B．adapted
C．received D．adopted
解析：选D 根据上文提到的作者和父亲要给狗找一个家的内容可知，作者父亲公司的一名工作人员最终收养(adopted)了这只狗。support“供养，支持”；adapt“适应”；receive“收到”。
19．A. happily B．positively
C．easily D．simply
解析：选A 结合全文来考虑，这只受伤的狗被作者和父亲救助，然后又被好心人收养，问题最终被圆满地解决，故happily最契合全文主旨。下文中的“to be happy”亦是提示。
20．A. demands B．deserves
C．allows D．shares
解析：选B 作者通过救治受伤的狗得出启示：每个人都能尽一份爱心，每个人都值得(deserves)拥有再次快乐的机会。demand“需要”；allow“允许”；share“分享”。
Ⅴ. 短文改错
One of the biggest cultural difference I noticed while I was in London was why the people of London conducted themselves. It seemed that they took many pride in their country. I also notice that they always seemed to dress well，and always had their hair and makeup do. I don't think I saw one person in sweat pants during their whole trip！At times I found it harder to make the change being in the US to being in London. I've found out that Americans are loud！Even at the pubs and clubs in London，I felt like that we were a loudest ones!
答案：
One of the biggest cultural I noticed while I was in London was the people of London conducted themselves. It seemed that they took pride in their country. I also that they always seemed to dress well，and always had their hair and makeup . I don't think I saw one person in sweat pants during whole trip！At times I found it to make the change being in the US to being in London. I've found out that Americans are loud！Even at the pubs and clubs in London，I felt like that we were loudest ones!
课件58张PPT。Section Ⅱ Warming Up &
Reading—Language Points记单词 记短语 记句型3 基础梳理pretendattachformearnextrainstrumentfamiliarbroadcastfolkjazzpasser-bystudiomillionairemusicianperformperformanceactorrelyhumorousattractivedream ofto be honestattach ... toin cashbreak upplay jokes onrely onor sobe/get familiar withbe based onwere to play jokes on each otherhad planned to find研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析of/aboutbeingShe dreamed thatto be doingto have fallenpretendingpretending thathonestwithHonest→Honestlytoattachedattach great importance tointo formhave formed the habit of playing basketballto earn extra moneyearned his/a living /made a livingearnsperformedperformancesperform folkdancesonwithbe reliedsurfinghim to finishit that he will finishwithtofamiliar with Chinamake you moreupoutdownintoto havewhom随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练passer-byextrafamiliarrollingbroadcastcashpretendedformedearnedattractiveto look after my little sistertwo of whom work into be honestBeijingI'm familiar withis familiar to merely on it thatplay jokes on each otherbeingmusiciansinto earnwhichplayingormore popularupaword部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 5 Music
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
课时作业
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．In order to succeed, first of all, you should be confident(confidence) about yourself.
2．I really don't want to go; in addition, the weather is so cold outside.
3．The old lady treats me as if I were(be) her own son.
4．I'm deeply moved by his devotion(devote) to the cause of education.
5．People believe in all sorts(sort) of things.
6．He can always point out our mistakes briefly(brief)．
7．He is strong, brave and，above all, honest.
8．I am very sensitive(sense) to the cold.
9．Nobody is admitted into the party without being invited(invite)．
10．The woman treats the dog kindly as if it were (be) her baby.
Ⅱ. 单句改错
1．There are all sort of shops in this area. sort→sorts
2．To be briefly, we'd better take actions to protect the environment now. briefly→brief
3．I like the pen, with that I write a diary every day. that→which
4．Mother Teresa has devoted herself to care for the poor. care→caring
5．We must work hard and above of all, we must believe that each one of us is able to succeed. 去掉all前of
6．He came up a new suggestion in the meeting. up后加with
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
A
On a dark winter day in Russia in 1896, Sergei Prokofiev sat by a piano next to his mother. She was helping him compose (作曲) his first piece of music. Sergei was only five years old.
He had overheard his parents discussing a terrible famine (饥荒) in India. The picture Sergei had of those hungry people in his mind caused him to write a story, in the form of musical notes. Sergei could not read music, so he picked out a tune on the piano keys, and his mother recorded the notes. Sergei titled it Indian Gallop.
Sergei's mother began giving him piano lessons for 20 minutes a day, and his ability grew quickly. She had a great love for music, too, and Sergei often lay awake in bed at night and listened to her play the piano.
Sergei's parents found a famous music teacher for him. The teacher shouted at Sergei when he didn't practice reading and playing music. Sergei later wrote, “I wanted to compose great musical plays, and instead I was given all sorts of boring tasks. ” Yet he persisted with his studies and grew up to be a great composer.
In 1936 a children's theater asked Sergei to write music that would teach children about different instruments. He was happy and wrote the piece in a week, calling it Peter and the Wolf.
Sergei's Peter and the Wolf was enjoyed by children as well as adults. The first time Sergei played the piece on the piano, the children listening to it loved it so much that they made him play the ending three extra times. He was excited.
Today Sergei Prokofiev is remembered not only for his contributions (贡献) to classical music, but also for his sense of fun.
【解题导语】 本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了前苏联著名作曲家谢尔盖·普罗科菲耶夫。
1．When he was five, Sergei ________.
A．could read music
B．experienced a famine
C．created his first composition
D．wrote a story about his parents
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She was helping him compose (作曲) his first piece of music. Sergei was only five years old. ”以及第二段介绍Sergei完成他的作曲并将其命名为Indian Gallop可知，Sergei在五岁时就创作出他人生的第一支乐曲。
2．The piece of music Peter and the Wolf ________.
A．was a great success
B．was one of Sergei's early works
C．was written to teach children about the piano
D．was played three extra times when first played
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sergei's Peter and the Wolf was enjoyed by children as well as adults. ”和“the children listening to it loved it so much that they made him play the ending three extra times”可推测，《彼得和狼》这支乐曲大获成功。
3．What's the text mainly about?
A．The greatest 20th-century composer.
B．Sergei's contributions to music.
C．Musical plays in Russia.
D．Sergei's musical stories.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了与Sergei的音乐有关的故事。
B
When our daughter，Sandy，belonged to the St. Mark Evangelical Lutheran Girl Pioneers in sixth grade，the leaders thought it would be nice if the girls made pine cone wreaths(花环) for their families as Christmas gifts. So the group gathered pine cones，put them in water and bought wire wreath frames and adhesive(黏合剂) to hold everything in place. A few days before Christmas，they and their leaders delivered the finished handiwork.
Through the years，we proudly hung up her wreath each Christmas. In 1986，the wreath was hanging on our door as usual when the temperature on Christmas Day reached 80 degrees. The adhesive began to break down and the pine cones started falling all over our front porch. We took the wreath down，planning to repair it，and gathered up the pine cones. That spring，as my husband，Don，was weeding the flower bed in front of our house，he was surprised to discover a small evergreen plant.
We decided to leave it alone. The determined tree kept growing，making it right through the long winter. When it got too big for the flower bed we moved it to the back of our lot. As the tree grew，so did our family，including four grandchildren. One day the men from the electric company came to trim (修剪) our trees. One of them said it was a shame that someday our nice evergreen would have to be cut down. We just couldn't let that happen to our faithful—if accidental—Christmas tree.
We decided to move it again，this time to Sandy and her husband Joel's new house in the country. My husband helped Joel dig the evergreen out. It wasn't ready to let go without a fight. Finally，five hours later，the tree came loose. They wrapped the roots as best as they could and put the whole thing in Joel's truck.
After an hour's drive they planted the tree. I'm happy to report that our brave evergreen is still growing，now producing pine cones of its own.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的女儿六年级时听从她所参加的St. Mark Evangelical Lutheran Girl Pioneers的领导的安排，用松球做一个花环来作为家人的圣诞礼物。后来这个花环的松球掉落在她家门廊前(的土里)，长出了一棵松树(西方通常用松树做圣诞树)，他们一家非常珍惜这棵树。
4．What was a Christmas tradition for the family?
A．Making dishes with pine cones.
B．Making wreaths together with Sandy.
C．Hanging Sandy's handiwork on the door.
D．Decorating the Christmas tree together.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容尤其是“they and their leaders delivered the finished handiwork”可知，Sandy在六年级时用松球做了这个手工花环作为圣诞礼物，根据第二段中的“Through the years. . . on our door as usual”可知，作者一家每个圣诞节都会骄傲地在门上挂上Sandy做的松球花环。
5．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．What the good old days were like.
B．How the family took care of the wreaths.
C．What their attitude toward Christmas was.
D．How the family “treasure” came into being.
解析：选D 段落大意题。根据第二段内容尤其是“That spring，as my husband. . . a small evergreen plant. ”可知，本段主要讲述作者一家将松球花环悬挂在门上，有一年，这个花环的松球掉落在她家门廊前(的土里)，后来作者的丈夫就在花坛里发现了一株松树的幼苗。由此可总结出本段主要讲的是作者一家格外珍惜的松树的由来。
6．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Cutting down the evergreen.
B．Leaving the evergreen alone.
C．The man's judging the family.
D．Having the evergreen trimmed again.
解析：选A 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“One day the men from the. . . would have to be cut down. ”可知，电力公司来修剪树的一个人说，有朝一日我们这棵很棒的松树将不得不被砍掉，这是很可惜的。而画线词所在句表示我们绝对不会让这样的事发生在我们的树身上，再结合下文中作者一家将树移栽到别的地方可知，此处表示我们不会让这棵松树被砍掉。
7．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．My Family Tradition
B．My Daughter's Growth
C．A Beloved Christmas Tree
D．A Special Pine Cone Wreath
解析：选C 标题归纳题。文章虽然是用松球做的花环作为圣诞礼物引出的故事，但作者主要是描写一棵长在自己家里的圣诞树。所以答案为C。
Ⅳ. 七选五
Empathy, the Key to Being Kind
In science class, your teacher tells everyone to find a partner for a project. Out of the corner of your eye, you notice one girl sitting alone and not making eye contact with anyone. You think about asking her to be your partner, but you' re afraid people will think you' re uncool. You don't reach out to them. 1
Empathy is being able to understand and actually feel what someone else is feeling. For some people, this comes naturally; for others, it takes a bit more work. 2 When you practice being empathetic, it gets easier to make kindness part of your everyday life. If you can understand why people are feeling down, you' ll want to help them. Here are some ideas that can help you.
3 Not being able to find a group in class might not seem like a big deal—but part of being kind is noticing when someone seems sad, hurt or uncomfortable. After all, you have to notice how people feel in order to feel empathy and want to help them!
When you're trying to make kindness second nature, really getting other people's feelings is important. 4 Think about a time when you felt that way. Didn't you wish someone would reach out to you? If someone had offered you a few words of comfort, wouldn't it have made you feel so much happier?
So, when you find people around you who are feeling down next time, do not hesitate to put yourself in their shoes and reach out to them with a kind gesture. 5 There is always a time when you expect others to relate to you and feel what you feel.
A．And your kindness will be finally rewarded.
B．But empathy is super important to being kind.
C．Be open to learning more about what you don't understand.
D．One way to practice empathy is to pay attention to the people around you.
E．However, you never know showing empathy may make all the difference to her.
F．You don't have to have a similar background to someone else to feel empathy for them.
G．Whenever you find someone might be feeling lonely or sad, put yourself in his shoes.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“移情”的作用和定义，并介绍了如何让自己更好地帮助别人、理解别人。
1．解析：选E 分析文章结构可知，本空用来引入本文的话题，在这里起到承上启下的作用。结合标题“Empathy, the Key to Being Kind”可知，空处说明你可以通过“移情”解决问题，引出对“移情”的作用的介绍，所以选E项。
2．解析：选B 根据空后一句中的“it gets easier to make kindness part of your everyday life”可以判断，“移情”对使善良成为每日生活的一部分非常重要，故B项正确。
3．解析：选D 根据本段内容可知，本段介绍的是如何实现“移情”；结合本段尾句可知，本段主要陈述“关注周围的人”这一方法，故D项正确。
4．解析：选G 根据空前的“really getting other people's feelings”和空后的“Think about a time when you felt that way. ”可知，理解别人的情感十分重要，据此可以判断，G项与此处匹配。
5．解析：选A 根据空前一句中的“do not hesitate . . . with a kind gesture”及空后一句可知，当你遇到沮丧的人时，应当毫不犹豫地设身处地为他们着想并伸出援助之手，因为总会有一些时候，你也期待别人能理解你；据此可以判断，A项符合语境。
课件61张PPT。Section Ⅲ Learning about
Language & Using Language练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2 语篇理解记单词 记短语 记句型 3 基础梳理dipafterwardsbeardsensitiveadditionconfidentbriefbrieflydevotioninvitationpainfulin additionsort outabove allknock intofeel downgo outstick tocome up withagree oncould not go out anywhere without being followedas if they were close friends研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析in addition toIn additionoutfromofinwithbrieflybriefly→briefIn brief /To be briefdevotionyourselftotoaboutAbove allFirst of allafter allwithoutwithout your helpcan't be too carefulwerehad heardwould say随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练beardfameafterwardsinvitationpainfulDipIn addition tois quite confident thatare very sensitive toIn briefas if they were the only people in the worldword部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块课件26张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
第一板块单元语法
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句教材语法领悟inwhichwhomto语法考点精析语法专项训练whichwhomwhichfromwithinwhichwhich /thattowhomwhere→whichwhom→whichwhom前加fromwhich→whomalong后加withfor which I am very sorryon which I started high schoolwith which I boughtin which I have workedsome booksto whom you can always turnfrom whom he often borrows moneyUnit 5 Music
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
第二板块单元写作 咨询信
课时作业
Ⅰ. 用定语从句把下面两个句子合成一个句子
1．She has two daughters. One of them is a doctor.
She has two daughters, one of whom is a doctor.
2．The boy was often late for school. The reason is still unknown.
The reason for which/why the boy was often late for school is still unknown.
3．China has thousands of islands. Hainan Island is the largest among them.
China has thousands of islands, of which Hainan Island is the largest.
4．Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase. Its price was very reasonable.
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of which was very reasonable.
5．In the distance there is a hill. On the top of it stands a white temple.
In the distance there is a hill, on the top of which stands a white temple.
6．I have bought two books recently. Neither of them interests my brother.
I have bought two books recently, neither of which interests my brother.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
A
In between running one of the world's largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsoft's technology advisor, Bill Gates manages to find time to read books, both long and short. Now Gates—who has been labeled a “greedy” reader — has released a list of his favorite books. All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.
Here are Bill's top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book)．
Business Adventures, by John Brooks
Brooks' collection was published in 1969 and remains one of Gates' favorites. He re-read it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read.
“Shortly after we met, Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s. I loved them as much as he did. Brooks' insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully, and they are as true today as ever. ”
Capital in the Twenty-First Century, by Thomas Piketty
Piketty's novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year. Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non-fiction work to discuss the topic.
“As I told him, although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions, I agree with his most important conclusions: inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it. ”
How Asia Works, by Joe Studwell
Studwell's work, which was published in May 2014, addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth, and why other countries have failed to do the same.
“The agriculture section of the book was particularly insightful. It provided ample food for thought for me as well as the whole Agriculture team at our foundation. And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa. ”
Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization, by Vaclav Smil
Smil's books are a constant favorite of the Microsoft's founder—one of his books makes Gates' list almost every year. Making the Modern World came out late in 2013 and explores the global use of materials, from silicon to wood and plastic.
“If anyone tries to tell you we're using fewer materials, send him this book. With his usual skepticism and his love of data, Smil shows how our ability to make things with fewer materials—say, soda cans that need less aluminum—makes them cheaper, which actually encourages more production. ”
【解题导语】 本文介绍了比尔·盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。
1．The books mentioned in the text are mainly about ________.
A．charity in the world
B．business and economy
C．poverty in the world
D．Bill Gates' life experience
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy. ”可知，比尔·盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书与商业和经济有关，故B项正确。
2．Of the books，________ is best praised by Bill Gates.
A．How Asia Works
B．Capital in the Twenty-First Century
C．Business Adventures
D．Making the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“He re-read it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read. ”可知，Business Adventures这本书是最受比尔·盖茨称赞的，故C项正确。
3．Gates once had a personal discussion with the author of ________.
A．Capital in the Twenty-First Century
B．Business Adventures
C．How Asia Works
D．Making the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non-fiction work to discuss the topic. ”可知，比尔·盖茨和Capital in the Twenty-First Century这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故A项正确。
B
It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长目动物)．Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition，Columbus wouldn't have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.
The friendship，like all relationships between two people，involves competition. It isn't competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes. Perhaps the ecological definition—the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources，such as nutrients，living space，or light—better explains it.
As in nature，high school life is governed by a set of laws，similar to a shortened version of Darwin's theory of evolution，overpopulation，and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them，ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school，friendship coexists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact，in some circumstances，competition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear，causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades，and a student's fate is determined not only by these achievements，but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.
Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. Healthy，friendly competition can have only benefits，but when it becomes too fierce，jealousy (妒忌)can tear friendship apart. Yet，despite all this，without competition，we would be lost.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。
4．What does the ecological definition mainly explain?
A．How friends compete with each other.
B．How to win the competition.
C．What the result of competition is.
D．What competition exactly is.
解析：选D 细节理解题。分析第二段最后一句可知，该句的主干是“Perhaps the ecological definition better explains it”，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释“the ecological definition”。故选D项。
5．According to the author，what causes the high school students to compete?
A．The number of them is too large.
B．Friendship is a burden for them.
C．They know the laws of nature well.
D．They are divided into different groups.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。
6．Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition?
A．Friendship is always based on competition.
B．The degree of competition is vital to friendship.
C．Competition is terribly harmful to friendship.
D．Competition is a result of lost friendship.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Healthy，friendly competition can. . . can tear friendship apart. ”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂，因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。
7．What does the author think of “competition”？
A．The results of competition are out of control.
B．Competition becomes fiercer in high school.
C．Competition is certain to happen in high school.
D．Friendship is not as important as competition in high school.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. ”可知，作者认为高中生活的各个方面存在竞争是必然的。故选C项。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires，Asia's biggest building，and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me，pandas are its top 1．________(attract)．
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base，where ticket money helps pay for research. I 2．________(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow，I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 3．________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 4．________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 5．________ I was the first Western TV reporter 6．________(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 7．________(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit，I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 8．________(it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 9．________(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,10．________ other is with mum—she never suspects.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。成都涌现出很多百万富翁、亚洲最大的建筑以及豪华酒店，但对于作者这样的游客来说，熊猫才是那里的魅力所在。
1．解析：空前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用其名词形式。
答案：attraction
2．解析：根据语境及allow sb. to do sth. 这一固定句式可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态形式。
答案：was allowed
3．解析：修饰谓语动词应当用副词形式。
答案：officially
4．解析：go back to为固定短语，意思是“回到，追溯到”。
答案：to
5．解析：由句子结构可以判断这是一个定语从句，先行词是表示时间的in the mid-1980s，从句中缺少状语，因此填写关系副词when。
答案：when
6．解析：因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。
答案：permitted
7．解析：由句子结构可知，introduce作谓语动词include的宾语。而British visitors是introduce这一动作的承受者。故用动名词形式。
答案：introducing
8．解析：根据空格后的名词及前文中的a lively three-month-old twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。
答案：its
9．解析：few用来修饰可数名词复数，故答案为days。
答案：days
10．解析：由前文中的关键词twin，one可知，这里考查one. . . the other. . . (一个……另一个……)的用法。故答案为the。
答案：the
Ⅳ. 书面表达
假设你是李华，你将代表你们班参加你校本周五举行的英文歌曲大赛。请根据以下提示用英语给你的美国笔友Rose写一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1．陈述写信原因；
2．请她帮你选一首英文歌曲；
3．希望她提供一些演唱指导。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Rose，
I'm writing to ask you for some help.
A competition of singing English songs is to be held in our school this Friday and I'm going to represent our class. However, I don't know which song will be the most proper. I know you are good at singing and have taken part in several such competitions, so I'd like you to recommend one. In addition, I'm good at singing Chinese songs but I seldom sing English ones, so I'd like you to give me some advice on how to sing English songs. I would appreciate it very much.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
课件20张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
第二板块单元写作 咨询信美文写作指导经典写作示例I'm going/planning to form a bandnever been in a band beforegive us some advice/suggestionshaveWe can't decidewhat instruments we chooseIn addition /Besidestry every type of musicwhat to playgive us some adviceword部分： 请做： 课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块课件21张PPT。单元要点归纳提升to beto do sth. to be doing sth. to have done sth. to认为……重要/有价值附属于；连在……上养成……的习惯inin /outof挣钱谋生表演；演出performperformer简言之；简要地简言之brieflytodevotedevoted说实在的；说真的戏弄；开玩笑to do sth. itwithtooutin /intodownaway毕竟；终究丝毫；根本首先总共Missing the bus meansis to make surehad planned to go to your partyneverwithoutas if (she were) angryin whichon whichfor whichwhose leavesof which the leaves单元质量评估检测卷(五)
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the man feel about the final match?
A．Full of confidence.
B．In low spirits.
C．Not very sure.
2．What is the weather like last Saturday?
A．Heavy snow.
B．Heavy rain.
C．Snow storm.
3．Where are the two speakers talking?
A．In the man's house.
B．In the woman's house.
C．In a restaurant.
4．What did the woman buy for her son?
A．A basketball.
B．A skate board.
C．A pair of roller skates.
5．What does the woman really imply?
A．To pick up James.
B．To see off James.
C．To meet Thomas.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Who answered the man's phone yesterday morning?
A．Lily's brother.
B．Lily's nephew.
C．Ted.
7．What did Ted receive in the end?
A．20 dollars.
B．Some sweets.
C．A phone.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What do we know about the woman's new teacher?
A．Not very confident.
B．Telling jokes in class.
C．Not popular with his students.
9．What does the man think of his math classes?
A．Lively.
B．Impressive.
C．Boring.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What do we know about the man's son?
A．Dislikes his parents.
B．Studies hard at school.
C．Has few friends at school.
11．What should the man do according to the woman?
A．Behave well in public.
B．Encourage his son to make friends.
C．Set a good example for his neighbors.
12．What is the woman doing?
A．Making an introduction.
B．Asking for help.
C．Offering advice.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What was the woman's uncle doing when the picture was taken?
A．Helping some locals.
B．Celebrating his success.
C．Sailing around the world.
14．What happened to the woman's uncle when he was 22?
A．He lost his ability to speak.
B．He had a motorcycle accident.
C．He hurt his arms while sailing.
15．When did the woman's uncle end his trip at sea?
A．In 1999．
B．In 2000．
C．In 2001．
16．Which sport does the man like best?
A．Riding horses.
B．Skating.
C．Sailing.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What fruit does Jack like best?
A．Bananas.
B．Pears.
C．Apples.
18．Who like eating French fries?
A．Jack and Ann.
B．Ann and Ted.
C．Ted and Jack.
19．What do we know about Lily?
A．Hates meat.
B．Likes eating broccoli.
C．Likes ice cream.
20．What is Mary like?
A．Good-looking.
B．A little short.
C．A bit fat.
答案：1．A 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．C
录音材料
Text 1
W: Have you finished preparing for the final match, Jim?
M: It's still two days away，①but I have been too ready to take it.
Text 2
W: How was your time at the campaign last Saturday?
M: I'd have stayed in the dorm. ②It started snowing heavily as soon as we arrived at the plot.
Text 3
W: Pass me the salad, please.
M: Here it is. ③Maria, what else do you like to order?
W: ③Another cup of coffee, please.
Text 4
M: Next Monday is my son's 10th birthday. What have you bought him?
W: ④A pair of roller skates.
M: That must have cost you an arm and a leg. I just bought him a basketball.
Text 5
M: Could you lend me your motor for the weekend?
W: ⑤You could if I weren't going to pick up James at the railway station. But he's been on the way to see me.
M: That's OK. I'll turn to Thomas.
Text 6
M: Lily, I called you yesterday morning, and a young boy answered. Who was he?
W: ⑥Oh, that was Ted.
M: Is he your nephew?
W: No. Actually I didn't know him until yesterday. I dropped my phone on the way to the supermarket yesterday. He found it and called my brother.
M: Wow, he is an honest boy, isn't he?
W: He certainly is. He gave my brother the phone and refused the twenty-dollar bill that my brother offered. He asked for nothing.
M: Did your brother give him anything to thank him?
W: ⑦Yes, he bought him some sweets.
Text 7
M: Mary, what do you think of your new teacher?
W: He is a great teacher, but I think ⑧he tells too many jokes.
M: Don't you like his jokes? I think he does that in order to make his classes more lively.
W: Yes, his classes are lively and we all like his classes. But don't you think a teacher should be more serious?
M: But you know, my math teacher, Mr. Black, is so serious that we can't help falling asleep listening to him. ⑨His classes are boring.
W: I hope I'll get used to his classes soon. You know, my parents never tell jokes.
M: Well, your parents are too serious. To be honest, I don't quite like them.
W: I know. They are not very popular with other people.
Text 8
W: Mr. Smith, does your son get along well with others at school?
M: ⑩He actually has very few friends at school. ?Do you have any good tips?
W: ?Well, children are not born knowing how to make and keep friends. They have to learn. They can learn a great deal from their parents. You need to set a good example for him.
M: Oh, I'm terrible at making friends. I guess we need to learn together. ?Do you have any other tips?
W: ?Well, tell him everyone needs friends and that friends play an important role in everyone's life. ??When he behaves well with a friend, praise him. This will encourage him to make more friends.
M: You are right. Encouragement is really important.
W: ?And also you can encourage your son to invite some classmates over for fun. He can't make friends if he has little chance to spend time with them.
M: That makes sense.
Text 9
M: Who is this man in the picture?
W: That's my uncle. The picture was taken about twelve years ago. ?He was sailing around the world by himself at that time. Some locals took the picture for him.
M: I think I've heard about him before. Wasn't he the first disabled person to sail alone, non-stop, around the world?
W: Yes, that was him. ?He lost his ability to walk after a motorcycle accident when he was 22．
M: That must have been a hard time for him.
W: Yes, it was. He lost all hope. He started to believe he was nothing and that his life had no meaning.
M: Then how did he pull himself together in the end?
W: His love for the sea helped. He had always wanted to sail around the world one day. He decided to live out his dream. It took him seven years to prepare. ?He set off in October, 1999 and ended his trip at sea on August 12th, 2000．
M: He is really a great man.
W: Yes, he is. He is my hero. Do you like sailing?
M: Yes. ?But I really like riding horses. That's my favorite sport.
W: I like skating best.
Text 10
My name is Jenny. I have many friends, all of whom like to eat different things.
Jack likes eating fruit and vegetables. ?He especially likes eating apples. He usually eats two apples every day. He also often eats carrots and broccoli, but he doesn't like meat.
Ann likes eating hamburgers. I often tell her that they aren't healthy, but she likes them. ?She often goes to the fast food restaurant to eat hamburgers and French fries with her brother Ted. She likes salad, too. Their mother often makes fruit salad for them.
Lily is a good-looking girl. Like Jack, she likes fruit and vegetables very much. ?She often eats tomatoes and broccoli. She doesn't like carrots, though they are healthy. Unlike Jack, she likes meat.
?Mary is a little fat. She likes meat very much and she also likes ice cream. I often tell her she should eat more healthy food, such as fruit and vegetables. But she doesn't like them. I'm a bit worried about her.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Working well in a team requires full cooperation. It's an important skill for almost every employee to have. Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others getting your work done, and others depend on you to get their work done.
Communicate well. Lack of communication is one of the biggest reasons of a team's failure. Seek input from team members so they feel like a valuable part of the team. Communication establishes trust among team members. In addition, communicating well can help prevent and resolve conflict. Meet regularly to keep members involved and aware of your work progress. Post decisions where everyone in the team can see them.
Be flexible. In teamwork, priorities and responsibility can change instantly. Stay ready to shift focus. Training team members to be able to do parts of other team members' jobs can be a valuable part of teamwork; being flexible helps to build appreciation for all the parts of the team.
Meet deadlines. Work hard to ensure you meet established deadlines when you work in a team environment. Others are depending on your work. Negotiate timelines with your teammates at the start of a project. Doing so allows you to have a say in how work gets accomplished.
Establish accountability. All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project. Although not every team needs a leader, teams require a formal way to ensure everyone does his part. Try using meetings to report on progress.
Celebrate accomplishments and encourage the team. Senior executives may not always recognize the importance of some team members' work. Share congratulations at team meetings and talk about whose work is invaluable in helping you get your work done.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了提高团队工作效率的方法和策略。
21．What can you conclude from the first paragraph?
A．Working in a team means your work is separate.
B．Working in a team means your work is effective.
C．Being a member of a team means your work is independent.
D．Being a member of a team means your work is interdependent.
解析：选D 段落大意题。根据文章第一段的最后一句可知，作为团队一员意味着分工合作、相互依赖，故选D。
22．Which of the following deeds does not contribute to effective teamwork?
A．Keeping silent in a team discussion.
B．Being able to do parts of others' job.
C．Acknowledging others' work publicly.
D．Holding meetings to report on progress.
解析：选A 细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章中并没有提到在团队讨论中保持沉默有利于团队工作，故选A。
23．What does the underlined word “accountability” refer to in the fifth paragraph?
A．Success. B．Responsibility.
C．Insurance. D．Community.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的后一句“All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project. ”可知，团队工作中所有成员都要对项目的成功和失败负责，故可推知，此处应选B。
24．What is the best title for the passage?
A．How to Succeed in Communicating with Others
B．How to Work Effectively in a Team Environment
C．Ways to Work Well in Completing Projects
D．Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Employees
解析：选B 标题归纳题。根据本文的关键词“teamwork”并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是提高团队工作效率的方法和策略，故选B。
B
Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激) from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadn't really done anything yet.
I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend's mother passed away unexpectedly. I received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn't want to intrude (打扰) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, “Just go. Just be there. ” I did, and I will never regret it.
Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others' presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.
In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的重要意义。
25．Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?
A．He built shelters for them.
B．He gave immediate first aid to them.
C．He came to stay with them.
D．He brought mental health professionals.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，因为“我”在他们受灾时和他们在一起，所以他们感激“我”，故C项正确。
26．What did the author do when his friend's mother passed away?
A．He hesitated over whether to go.
B．He went to his friend's at once.
C．He knew what to do instantly.
D．He decided not to disturb his friend.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I wanted to rush down there immediately . . . I was torn about what to do. ”可知，“我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打扰朋友，据此可知，当朋友的母亲去世时，“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里。
27．What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Heavy but warm.
B．A little sad but cosy.
C．Relaxing and delightful.
D．Very serious and unhappy.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“His family, playing guitars and singing”可知，男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌；结合画线词所在句中的“However . . . no means”和第三段第二句中的“a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying”可以判断，在家人的陪伴下，气氛并不悲伤和严肃，据此可以判断，画线词意为“严肃的”，故D项正确。
28．What has the author learned from his experience?
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B．Being present can make a big difference.
C．The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.
D．Being a volunteer can make one's life more significant.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句“In my life, I am repeatedly . . . are truly alone. ”并结合第二段的第一句可知，从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义，故B项正确。
C
Background music may seem harmless, but it can have a powerful effect on those who hear it. Recorded background music first found its way into factories, shops and restaurants in the US. But it soon spread to other parts of the world. Now it is becoming increasingly difficult to go shopping or eat a meal without listening to music.
To begin with, “muzak” (音乐广播网) was intended simply to create a soothing (安慰) atmosphere. Recently, however, it's become a big business—thanks in part to recent research. Dr Ronald Milliman, an American marketing expert, has shown that music can boost sales or increase factory production by as much as one third.
However, it has to be light music. A fast one has no effect at all on sales. Slow music can increase receipts by 38%. This is probably because shoppers slow down and have more opportunity to spot items they like to buy. Yet, slow music isn't always the answer. Dr Milliman found, for example, that in restaurants slow music meant customers took longer to eat their meals, which reduced overall sales. So restaurant owners might be well advised to play uptempo music to keep the customers moving—unless of course, the resulting indigestion (消化不良) leads to complaints!
【解题导语】 背景音乐作为一种常见的音乐形式，已经渗透到人们生活的方方面面。不同的背景音乐可以产生不同的效果。
29．Background music means ________.
A．light music that customers enjoy most
B．fast music that makes people move fast
C．slow music that can make customers enjoy their meals
D．the music you are listening to while you are doing something
解析：选D 细节理解题。选项中A、C只是背景音乐中的部分，只有D项是完整的概括；B项根据最后一段可知不对，故选D。
30．Restaurant owners complain about slow music because ________.
A．it results in indigestion
B．it increases their sales
C．it keeps customers moving
D．it decreases their sales
解析：选D 推理判断题。由文章最后一段可以看出，如果播放慢速背景音乐，客人的就餐时间就会变长，这样就会导致营业额的整体下滑。这样的结果餐馆老板自然要抱怨。
31．We can know from the text that ________.
A．background music was first used in big department stores
B．proper music can increase the selling of goods
C．light music has a bad effect on production
D．restaurant owners had better play slow music to comfort their customers
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第二段中的“has shown that music can boost sales”可知，恰当的音乐可以促进销售。
D
Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored，non-personal message to promote or sell a product，a service or an idea. Sponsors of advertising are often businessmen who wish to promote their products or services. Advertising is different from public relations since an advertiser usually pays for and has control over the message. It is different from personal selling since the message is non-personal，i. e. not directed to a particular individual.
Advertising is communicated through various mass media，including old media such as newspapers，magazines，television，radio，outdoor advertising or direct mail；or new media such as search results，blogs，websites or text messages. The actual presentation of the message in a medium is referred to as an advertisement or “ad”．
Commercial ads often seek to increase consumption of products or services through“branding”，which associates a product name or image with certain qualities in the minds of consumers. Noncommercial advertisers who spend money in advertising items other than a consumer product or service include political parties，interest groups，religious organizations and governmental agencies. Non-profit organizations may use free modes of persuasion，such as a public service announcement. Advertising may also be used to reassure employees or shareholders that the company is successful.
Modern advertising was created with the techniques，with tobacco advertising in the 1920s. The most significant example was the campaigns of Edward Bernays，considered the founder of modern “Madison Avenue” advertising.
In 2015，the world spent an estimate of $529．43 billion on advertising. Its projected distribution for 2017 is 40．4% on TV,33．3% on digital,9% on newspapers,6．9% on magazines，5．8% on outdoor activities and 4．3% on radio. Internationally，the largest(“big four”) advertising conglomerates are IPG，Omnicom，Publicis Groupe，and WPP.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了广告的作用、类型以及在各种媒体中的分布情况。
32．In what way does advertising differ from public relations?
A．Advertisers pay for and are in charge of the message.
B．Messages advertised are non-profit.
C．Advertising is communicated through various mass media.
D．Advertising is used to reassure employees or shareholders.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Advertising is different. . . over the message. ”可知，广告不同于公共关系的原因是广告商通常控制信息并为信息付费。
33．Sponsors usually make use of some new media to promote their products，including ________.
A．direct mail B．television
C．websites D．newspapers
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“new media such as search results，blogs，websites or text messages”可知，“网站”属于新媒体，故选C。
34．Which of the following is the typical goal of commercial ads?
A．Profits. B．Popularity.
C．Consumers. D．Brands.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Commercial ads often seek. . . through ‘branding’”可知，商业广告通常通过品牌打造增加产品或服务的消费，最终目的是获得利润。
35．What does the underlined word probably refer to?
A．Businessmen. B．Companies.
C．Stores. D．Organizers.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。画线词后的“IPG，Omnicom，Publicis Groupe，and WPP”是公司的名字，据此可推知，画线词与“company”意义相同。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)
Secret codes(密码)keep messages private. Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me. ”
38 You might represent each letter with a number，for example. Let's number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26．If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5．”
A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences. To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book. 39 For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me”. The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me. ” 40 However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B．In any language，some letters are used more than others.
C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.
E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了密码的设置和破解的方法。比如利用该字母在字母表中排序的数字来代表该字母，或者利用一些单词的首字母来组成一个密码等。
36．解析：选D 后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D项内容“As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. ”符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。
37．解析：选E 后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断E选项内容符合语境逻辑。
38．解析：选G 根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法，故G选项内容“Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. ”符合语境。
39．解析：选F 根据后面的举例以及前句中的a code book可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用，故判断F选项“With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. ”可以起到承上启下的作用。
40．解析：选A 根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项“It is very hard to break a code without the code book. ”符合语境。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One of Fatah's close friends had several farms. One year due to 41 economic conditions, people were suffering starvation. This man 42 to give the harvest of one of his farms to the 43 . So he went to the square and announced that people could benefit from the 44 ， if they were 45 ， and that they could not take from the harvest more than what was 46 .
The needy went there every day in large groups and benefited. The 47 of the farm was so busy with his work that he didn't follow up (关注) closely on the 48 of that piece of land. After he had 49 all the other pieces of land, he 50 this particular farm he had given as charity, and 51 his servants to go and collect any dry grass, plants and 52 that might have remained.
To the great 53 of the servants, they found that there 54 remained a lot of crops that had not been harvested. When getting in the harvest, they all 55 that the harvest of that piece of land exceeded (超过) that of all the other pieces of land that the man owned.
56 ， while it was a common 57 to leave the land without planting any crops the following year 58 it could regain the minerals it had 59 ， it was found that this piece of land had not lost anything at all, and it was 60 to grow crops in the following year.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。条件允许的情况下，多去帮助别人，有时你会有意想不到的收获。
41．A. common B．steady
C．unfair D．bad
解析：选D 根据本空后“starvation”判断，由于经济状况不好，人们遭受饥饿。
42．A. begged B．continued
C．decided D．pretended
解析：选C 正因为经济情况不好，人们遭受饥饿，所以法塔赫的朋友决定来帮助这些人。
43．A. sick B．poor
C．deaf D．old
解析：选B 法塔赫的朋友决定拿出一块地来让贫穷的人来收割庄稼。
44．A. suggestion B．education
C．climate D．land
解析：选D 根据下文可知，人们可以从他的这块地里收割庄稼。
45．A. in need B．in return
C．in danger D．in doubt
解析：选A 于是他就来到广场上向人们宣布，人们可以从他的这块地里收割庄稼，前提是他们是需要帮助的人。
46．A. different B．necessary
C．similar D．sensitive
解析：选B 人们能从这块地里收割庄稼，但不能超过他们所需要的量。
47．A. owner B．reporter
C．neighbor D．seller
解析：选A 土地的主人太忙以至于顾不上关注那块土地的情况。
48．A. soil B．design
C．condition D．price
解析：选C 参见上题解析。
49．A. measured B．watered
C．cleared D．harvested
解析：选D 当他把其他土地的庄稼都收割完后，他才记起那块捐出去的土地。
50．A. remembered B．discovered
C．managed D．developed
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
51．A. warned B．told
C．advised D．taught
解析：选B 于是他就派仆人去把那块地里剩下的东西收回来。
52．A. seeds B．animals
C．goods D．tools
解析：选A 于是他就派仆人去把那块地里剩下的东西收回来，不管剩下的是干草、秸秆还是种子。
53．A. relief B．surprise
C．taste D．regret
解析：选B 根据文章下文可知，仆人们感到很惊讶。
54．A. again B．never
C．also D．still
解析：选D 看到地里仍然还剩下那么多的庄稼没有收割，他们非常惊讶。
55．A. explained B．forgot
C．found D．dreamed
解析：选C 他们发现从这块地里收割的粮食竟然比其他任何一块都多。
56．A. However B．Therefore
C．Anyway D．Besides
解析：选D 除此之外，还有一件事令人感到惊讶。
57．A. plan B．request
C．practice D．system
解析：选C 通常下一年人们不会在这块地里种任何庄稼，这样就可以把失去的矿物质补充一下，这是人们普遍的做法。a common practice“普遍的做法”。
58．A. as if B．so that
C．now that D．even if
解析：选B 参见上题解析。
59．A. removed B．wasted
C．saved D．lost
解析：选D 参见第57题解析。
60．A. possible B．strange
C．safe D．painful
解析：选A 他们发现这块地的矿物质并没有流失，下一年还可以种庄稼。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's great being a tourist and wandering around old towns and villages seeing the sites，but is it such 61．________ thrill for the local residents (居民)？Villagers 62．________(live) in the area known as “Old Holland” outside of Amsterdam have had enough of visitors walking around and of tour guides disturbing their peace. They have got together with local tour companies 63．________(create) rules of conduct for tourists. The rules include not photographing residents 64．________ permission，not walking into their gardens and not dropping litter. The new guide to behaviour is an attempt to deal with the growing 65．________ (popular) of the region. Tourism is booming and the number of tourists 66．________(expect) to rise by 50 percent in the next decade.
Old Holland is an area 67．________ matches people's image of Dutch life from a slower，bygone age. There are windmills(风车房) everywhere and locals live in 68．________ (beautiful) preserved，traditional wooden houses. The village of Zaanse Schans is like an open-air museum. The visitors seem happy to knock on the wooden houses to see 69．________ they are made of real wood. If you are a resident of one of those houses，that is 70．________(pleasant)，of course.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作为“Old Holland”而闻名的村庄，因为游人众多，当地人生活受到影响。因此，出台相关规定约束游客行为。
61．解析：thrill在此意为“令人兴奋的经历”，是可数名词且表泛指，故填a。
答案：a
62．解析：设空处作Villagers的后置定语，Villagers与live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且live所表示的动作正在发生，故填living。
答案：living
63．解析：They与create之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且设空处表目的，故填to create。
答案：to create
64．解析：此处意为“在没有得到允许时不要给居民拍照”，故填without。
答案：without
65．解析：由growing(增长中的)前的定冠词可知设空处应填名词，且意为“受欢迎”，故填popularity。
答案：popularity
66．解析：expect表示现在发生的动作，且主语number与expect之间是被动关系，故填is expected。
答案：is expected
67．解析：设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰area，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
答案：that /which
68．解析：设空处修饰形容词，故填副词beautifully。
答案：beautifully
69．解析：设空处引导宾语从句且意为“是否”，故填if /whether。
答案：if /whether
70．解析：游客好奇地敲击木屋会让里面住的人不愉快，故填unpleasant。
答案：unpleasant
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The sun was just slowly come up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for its morning walk. I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold. The air was cool and I wore a big smile in my face. Even though there weren't leaf on the trees，but I could still hear birds singing songs of spring. Even my dogs seemed to notice the different in the air. They were playing instead of just do their morning business in the grass. The particular golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day. As I headed back，I realize something. The beauty of day didn't come from the warmth of the sun. It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul.
答案：
The sun was just slowly up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for morning walk. I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold. The air was cool and I wore a big smile my face. Even though there weren't on the trees， 或but I could still hear birds singing songs of spring. Even my dogs seemed to notice the in the air. They were playing instead of just their morning business in the grass. The golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day. As I headed back，I something. The beauty of day didn't come from the warmth of the sun. It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是李华，得知某英文报社要评选“The Most Qualified Student”(最美中学生)，请你用英语给编辑写一封推荐信。要点如下：
1．介绍被推荐人(林扬)的基本信息；
2．说明推荐理由。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Dear Editor，
I'm a senior high school student and I happened to hear that you were hosting an activity to select The Most Qualified Student. It is a great honour for me to introduce to you one of my best friends, Lin Yang.
First of all, he, who is among the most diligent students in our school, not only studies hard but also behaves well. Secondly, he stands out for his diverse hobbies, including painting and playing the violin. Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and willing to help others in need.
Therefore, I here recommend him to you with all my heart and I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
