课件45张PPT。 Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Pre-reading & Reading—Comprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解found the cause ofthe disease and finally “King Cholera” was defeated 定语时间状语从句 定语从句 宾语 地点状语 定语从句 结果状语从句 Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．After absorbing (absorb) enough water, the plants grow well.
2．What conclusion (conclude) do you draw from the research?
3．Teaching young children is a challenging (challenge) job.
4．Pilcher was suspected of giving away government secrets to the enemy.
5．His son is very naughty and has formed some bad habits. I think he should cure him of them.
6．The concern of this book is with air pollution (pollute)．
7．Please read the instructions (instruct) carefully before using it.
8．The talks are continuing, but no announcements (announce) are expected at this time.
9．The incident exposed (expose) the weakness of the school's position.
10．We consider that you are to_blame (blame) for the accident.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Life is like a chess game and we should be cautious that every step we take.that→about_/_of
2．The report can't be made sense by the high school students because it is too abstract.sense后加of
3．“We can't go out in this weather，” said Bob, looked out of the window.looked→looking
4．With winter approach, it's time to wear warm clothes.approach→approaching
5．The fact she was foreign made it difficult for her to get a job in that country.fact后加that
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. He was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Einstein was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—the north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move.
Einstein did not like school. The German schools of that time were not pleasant. Students could not ask questions. Einstein said he felt as if he were in prison.
In 1905, Albert Einstein published some important papers in a German scientific magazine. They included one of the most important scientific documents in history. It explained what came to be called his “Special Theory of Relativity”. Ten years later, he expanded it to a “General Theory of Relativity”．
In 1921, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics. It was given to him not for his theories of relativity, but for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric (光电的) effect.
Albert Einstein left Germany when Adolph Hitler came to power in 1933. He moved to the United States to continue his research. Einstein became a citizen of the United States in 1940.
Einstein was a famous man, but you would not have known that by looking at him. His white hair was long and wild. He wore old clothes. He showed an inner joy when he was playing his violin or talking about his work. His students and friends said he had a way of explaining difficult ideas using images that were easy to understand.
Einstein spent the last twenty-five years of his life working on what he called a “unified field theory”. He hoped to find a common mathematical statement that could tie together all the different parts of physics. He did not succeed.
Albert Einstein died in 1955 at the age of seventy-six.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了爱因斯坦的生平故事。
1．What can we learn about Albert Einstein in his childhood according to the passage?
A．He was quite clever and smart.
B．He was curious about new things.
C．He hated talking with others.
D．He was good at inventing things.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—the north.He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move.”可知，爱因斯坦对新鲜事物充满了好奇，故选B。
2．What's the right order of the following events about Albert Einstein?
a．He won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
b．He became a citizen of the United States.
c．He left Germany for the United States.
d．He put forward his“General Theory of Relativity”．
e．He worked on a“unified field theory”．
A．d，e，a，c，b B．a，b，d，e，c
C．d，c，b，a，e D．d，a，c，b，e
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文中的讲述可知：In 1915, he put forward his “General Theory of Relativity”； in 1921, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics; in 1933, he left Germany for the United States; in 1940, he became a citizen of the United States; in the last twenty-five years of his life, he worked on a “unified field theory”．因此正确排序为D项。
3．What's the best title of the passage?
A．The discoveries of Albert Einstein
B．Albert Einstein and his theories
C．The life story of Albert Einstein
D．How Albert Einstein won success
解析：选C 标题归纳题。本文介绍了爱因斯坦的生平故事，故选C。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full __1__ of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not __2__ on obvious facts, and therefore __3__ to accept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas __4__ and makes experiments to prove them.
The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to __5__ as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to __6__ that we should learn science __7__ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself __8__ many important truths.
Galileo (1564～1642), however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, __9__ began to show how many important __10__ could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more __11__ towards the earth than small ones, __12__ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the __13__ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two __14__ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo's __15__ of going direct to nature, and proving our __16__ and theories by experiment, that has __17__ all the discoveries of modern science.
What __18__ those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know __19__ that successful scientists are those whose observations have __20__ better results.
【解题导语】 一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。
1．A.use B．sense
C．speed D．trust
解析：选A 根据语境可知此处是make full use of“充分利用，充分使用”这一固定词组。
2．A.relied B．based
C．insisted D．centered
解析：选B 根据该空前的“He doesn't accept ideas”和后面的“on obvious facts”可知，此处是be based on这个固定词组，表示“以……为基础，基于……”。
3．A.refuses B．desires
C．intends D．regrets
解析：选A 由空前的“doesn't accept”和“and therefore”可知，此处应选refuses。
4．A.casually B．carefully
C．quickly D．privately
解析选B 结合语境“He always checks ideas”和后面的“and makes experiments to prove them”可知，此处表示仔细地核查想法。
5.A.date B．keep
C．look D．come
解析：选A 由下文的“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。date back是一个固定词组，意为“追溯到”。
6．A.command B．suspect
C．suggest D．conclude
解析：选C 根据空后的内容可知，这里应是Roger Bacon提出的建议，故选C项。
7．A.in B．with
C．on D．by
解析：选D 根据后面的“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知，此处表示通过观察我们周围的事物并做实验，因此选D项。
8．A.brought B．discovered
C．handled D．announced
解析：选B 结合空后的“many important truths”可知，他本人发现了很多重要的真理。
9．A.who B．when
C．that D．where
解析：选A 结合空前的“was the greatest of several great men”可知，先行词是men，故用who引导定语从句。
10．A.truths B．problems
C．investigations D．subjects
解析：选A 由空后的“could be discovered by observation”可知，很多真理可以通过观察而被发现。truth“事实，真理”。上文中的“many important truths”也是提示。
11．A.slowly B．rapidly
C．lightly D．heavily
解析：选B 结合空前的“Before Galileo，learned men believed that large bodies fell more”和后面的“towards the earth than small ones”可知，在伽利略之前，学者们认为重的物体比轻的物体落地快，因此选rapidly “迅速地”。
12．A.although B．because
C．when D．if
解析：选B 根据“Aristotle said so”的意思可知，这里表示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。
13．A.place B．foot
C．top D．ceiling
解析：选C 结合空后的“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa，let fall two __14__ stones”可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。
14．A.big B．small
C．similar D．unequal
解析：选D 根据前文和后面的“stones and proved Aristotle was wrong”可知，此处表示使用了两个不同重量的石头，因此选unequal “不相等的”。
15．A.spirit B．skill
C．theory D．wish
解析：选A 由后面的“of going direct to nature”可知，此处表示科学精神(spirit)。
16．A.plans B．opinions
C．world D．ability
解析：选B 与后面“and theories by experiment”中的theories呼应，此处表示通过实验证明我们的观点和理论。
17．A.led to B．turned to
C．set up D．put forward
解析：选A 这里是说正是伽利略的精神使得现代科学能有发现。结合语境，应选A项。
18．A.makes B．prevents
C．considers D．promises
解析：选A 结合下文中的“successful scientists are those...”可知，此处是说“什么使这些人成为好的科学家”。
19．A.likely B．clearly
C．naturally D．unwillingly
解析：选B 结合上文中所举的例子我们可以清楚地(clearly)知道，成功的科学家是他们的观察可以创造(produce)更好的结果的人。
20．A.foreseen B．rejected
C．produced D．challenged
解析：选C 参见上题解析。
Ⅴ.短文改错
One day I was on my way to home. When I was around the corner of street, I came across one of my friend, Mary. We hadn't seen each other for three years. I was so exciting that I invited her to have lunch with me and she agreed. She went into a small restaurant happy and had a meal. However, I found I have left my wallet at home. In the end, I couldn't pay the bill and she had to do so after we left. I felt sorry, and said to my friend, “Coming home with me in a taxi, but I will give you a present in return.”
答案：
One day I was on my way to home. When I was around the corner of street, I came across one of my ， Mary. We hadn't seen each other for three years. I was so that I invited her to have lunch with me and she agreed. went into a small restaurant and had a meal.However, I found I left my wallet at home. In the end, I couldn't pay the bill and she had to do so we left. I felt sorry, and said to my friend, “ home with me in a taxi, I will give you a present in return.”
课件67张PPT。 Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points记单词 记短语 记句型3 基础梳理expert cure defeat attend expose suspect handle link characteristiccharacterconcludeconclusionabsorbabsorbed
pollutepollutionannounceannouncementannouncerscientificsciencescientist
put forwarddraw a conclusionexpose...to...of sb.'s/sth.'s dayface a challengemark...on...be to blamelink...tolook intoslow down Neithernorevery timeIt seemed that研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析提出 推荐 拨快 将……提前 put your worries away with from In can be drawn from to be drawn from defeated beat won the first prize 上(学) 护理 处理 to attend the opening ceremony to exposing→exposed Children exposed to difficult situations are better at handlingchallenging situations for absorbed absorbed前加 been So deeply was he absorbed in working that he forgot allDeeply absorbed in working about eating or sleeping of to be on for Blaming→Blamed was to blame for the conflict should take/bear the blame forthe conflict to/with up a nor was were→was are→is Every On 去掉when every / each timethe moment / minutea book is opened / instant a book is opened 随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练exposed cured defeated suspect absorbed linked concluded scientific drew a conclusion / concluded from the facts that expose the students to It seemed that was to blame for that matter suspect him of having stolen had the washing machine repaired inspiredwere exposeddeadlybecausethe
explainingabsorbedwhento blamewas defeatedword部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He has made an important contribution (contribute) to the company's success.
2．He was very strict with himself when he was young.
3．The trade union movement (move) is concerned with working conditions.
4．We explained our plans and he was very enthusiastic (enthusiasm) about them.
5．The bridge under construction (construct) will be open to the public next year.
6．It is universally (universe) known that the earth is round.
7．What he said was revolutionary (revolution)．
8．Everything has two sides，the positive side and the negative side.
9．Over 2,000 people were in attendance (attend) at yesterday's demonstration.
10．We rejected (rejeet) his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It makes a sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.去掉a
2．Neither the teacher nor the students is content with the result. is→are
3．Only when she gained admission to the college she come to life. college后加did
4．Although defeating in the match, we didn't lose heart. defeating→defeated
5．Very few of those interviewed spoke positive about their childhood. positive→positively
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The question of whether or not we are alone in the galaxy (银河系) is one that has interested everyone. From Superman to E．T., films have brought aliens to Earth as friends or enemies but, as yet, no one has proved they have ever seen an alien apart from on film or TV.
In 1960, a radio telescope was pointed out into space to listen for signs of aliens, trying to add scientific fact to the question “is anybody out there”. But 50 years on, nobody knows the answer to it.
“It's probably the most important question there is，” says Dr. Frank Drake, who was a pioneer of radio astronomy. “What does it mean to be a human being? What is our future? Are there other creatures like us? What have they become? What can evolution produce? How far can it go? It will all come out of learning of aliens and this will certainly enrich our lives like nothing else could.”
“We should be prepared” for aliens, says professor of space science John Zarnecki, from the Open University. Stephen Hawking says aliens almost certainly exist and senior astronomer Seth Shostak almost ignored the possibility that there's nothing to search for.
But if there are aliens then the question is why we haven't got any firm evidence of their existence. This was a question asked by the physicist Enrico Fermi as far back as 1950, saying “where is everybody？”．
But Dr. Drake has a more simple answer to why life hasn't been found: “We just haven't tried enough，” he says. “We've looked carefully at only a few thousand stars and very few channels and that's hardly even a start. There may be around 10,000 civilisations we can discover in the galaxy. That's one in 10,000,000 stars. Before we have a good chance of succeeding，we still have a long way to go.”
【解题导语】 地球以外是否有外星人？这是大家都非常感兴趣的一个话题。尽管人类至今还没有发现外星人，但是很多科学家都相信外星人的存在。
1．The stories of Superman and E．T. are based on________.
A．real events
B．artists' imagination
C．personal experiences
D．scientific discoveries
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第一段可知，人们除了在电影、电视等艺术作品里看到过外星人以外，没有任何人能证明见到过外星人。由此可推断，电影《超人》和《E.T.外星人》的故事建立在艺术家们想象的基础之上。
2．Dr. Frank Drake asks some questions in Paragraph 3 to ________.
A．prove the existence of aliens
B．doubt the existence of aliens
C．express his interest in human beings' future
D．show the importance of understanding aliens
解析：选D 细节理解题。第三段中Dr. Frank Drake提出的很多问题都是为该段最后一句话做铺垫。最后一句话说明了研究外星人的重要意义。
3．All of the following scientists believe the existence of aliens EXCEPT ________.
A．Dr. Frank Drake B．John Zarnecki
C．Stephen Hawking D．Enrico Fermi
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第五段物理学家Enrico Fermi的疑问可推知，他不相信外星人的存在。
4．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Aliens have been seen by some people.
B．Aliens often appear in the films as enemies.
C．It remains unknown whether there are aliens.
D．Scientists have studied millions of stars to search for aliens.
解析：选C 推理判断题。虽然文中的很多科学家相信外星人存在，但是还没有确凿的证据，所以外星人是否真正存在还是一个有广泛争议的未解之谜，故C项正确。
B
Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24,1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St. Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton University for a short while. In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her.
His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary: “My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.”
This Side of Paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel The Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Tales of the Jazz Age (1922), and a play The Vegetable(1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, which quickly brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.
However, Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing. During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940. While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol. Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism.
【解题导语】 本篇文章为记叙文，主要讲述了美国著名文学家司各特·菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其主要作品。
5．How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage?
A．5. B．6.
C．7. D．8.
解析：选选A 细节理解题。根据题意，由关键词novel可知，文章中提及的司各特·菲茨杰拉德的小说有：This Side of Paradise, The Beautiful and Damned, The Great Gatsby, Tender Is the Night, The Love of the Last Tycoon，共计5篇。故选A项。
6．Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life according to the passage?
a．He became addicted to drinking.
b．He studied at St.Paul Academy.
c．He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.
d．The Great Gatsby won high praise.
e．He failed to reorder his life.
f．He joined the army and met Zelda.
A．f-c-e-a-b-d B．b-e-a-f-c-d
C．f-d-e-c-b-a D．b-f-c-d-e-a
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... was once a student of St.Paul Academy...In 1917 he joined the army...”可知司各特·菲茨杰拉德先在圣保罗学院学习，然后参军。由此可知答案应为D项。
7．We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald ________.
A．had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama
B．was well educated and well off before he served in the army
C．would have completed more works if his wife hadn't broken down
D．helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital
解析：选C 推理判断题。由第四段第一句“However，Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing.”可以判断出选C项。
8．The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about ________.
A．Zelda's personal life
B．Zelda's illness and treatment
C．Fitzgerald's friendship with Graham
D．Fitzgerald's contributions to the literary world
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据人物传记的特点和本文对菲茨杰拉德生活、作品的描述，说明了菲茨杰拉德的作品对文学界的意义，因此最后总结的一段应是关于菲茨杰拉德对文学界的贡献。故选D项。
Ⅳ.七选五
Some expressions describe people who are important, or who at least think they are. One such expression is bigwig.
In the seventeenth century, important men in Europe began to wear false hair, called wigs. As years passed, wigs began to get bigger. __1__. The more important he was—or thought he was—the bigger the wig he wore. Some wigs were so large that they covered a man's shoulders or back.
__2__. People never tell someone he is a bigwig. They only use the expression behind his back.
__3__. A big wheel may be the head of a company, a political leader, or a famous movie star. They are big wheels because they are powerful. What they do affects many persons. In many machines, a big wheel makes the little wheels turn.
Big wheel became a popular expression after World War Ⅱ.__4__. They said a person “rolled a big wheel” if he was important and had influence.
The top of something is the highest part. So it is not surprising that top is part of another expression that describes an important person. The expression is top banana. A top banana is the leading person in a comedy show. The funniest comedian is called the top banana. __5__.
A．It is used mainly in show business
B．“Big wheel” is another way to describe an important person
C．The expression probably comes from the game of bowling
D．The size of a man's false hair depended on how important he was
E．Today, the expression is used to make fun of a person who feels important
F．It is often used to describe an important criminal, or the leader of a gang
G．It probably comes from an expression used for many years by people who fix parts of cars and trucks
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了表示重要的人的三个词语。
1．解析：选D 由第二段的“began to wear false hair”以及“The more important he was...the bigger the wig he wore.”可知，一个人假发的大小取决于他的重要性。
2．解析：选E 由第三段的“People never tell someone he is a bigwig. They only use the expression behind his back.”可知，这个词被用于取笑感到重要的人。
3．解析：选B 由第四段的“They are big wheels because they are powerful.”可知。
4．解析：选G 由第五段的“rolled a big wheel”可知，是与车有关系的，而只有选项G与车有关。
5．解析：选A 由最后一段的“A top banana is the leading person in a comedy show.”可知，这个词语用于娱乐业。
课件70张PPT。 Section Ⅲ Learning about Language
& Using Language练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2 语篇理解 They led to a conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Because the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea . As he lay dying in 1543. No, it didn't.Instead, it rejected his theory. Four scientists. Nicolaus Copernicus, Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.记单词 记短语 记句型 3 基础梳理contributecontributionenthusiasticenthusiasmcautiouscautionconstruct construction rejectrejectioncreatecreativecome to an end
apart from
of one's own
(be) strict with
lead to
make senseAlthough he had tried to ignore them Only if you put the sun there did the movements with the planets going round as he lay dying 研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析under construction to protect→protecting contributed to a betterunderstanding between us from besides for except to buy senses→sense draw→drawing In no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and youreffort will pay off in time of caution did did can had going fixed to do 随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练contribute cautious construct enthusiastic analysis contributes to will you be able to made great contributions to couldn't make sense of Apart from being an expert word部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Absorbed (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
2. Although her relatives didn't think she could live for three months, the old doctor finally cured her of her disease.
3．We were shocked by the announcement (announce) that the amusement park would be closed.
4．No one knew who had killed her, but the police suspected (suspect) her husband.
5．We will have to adopt a more scientific(science) approach to preserving the traditional customs.
6.Children, when exposed (expose) to an English-speaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.
7．Apart from good service the restaurant offers various kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
8．Always read the instructions (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
9．Whenever he didn't perform well in his studies, he would blame his failure on carelessness.
10．The manager is cautious about making predictions for the success of the tourist attraction.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
There has been a controversy between animal rights supporters and scientists about whether it is right to use animals to find cures for human diseases in experimental research. Personally, if there are no other alternatives, and if it is possible that this will contribute to science, animals may be used for experimental research.
The animal rights supporters label scientists as “cruel” for causing animals to die in medical experiments, while they do not oppose the people, mostly farmers, who kill animals for food. Some even claim that people and animals are equal and they should be treated equally. But can the death of an animal be the same thing as the death of a person? I think causing animals to die for science or for saving human lives may be considered ethical (伦理的), if it will contribute to the advancement of science and human health in general.
Another basic argument of animal rights supporters is that people and animals are different genetically. They claim that it will make no good to use animals in experiments because they are too different to be compared to people. Some of them even state that it is better to use people directly as they think that the results of experiments on animals cannot be valid and reliable as long as the same observation has not been done on man. However, these people cannot foresee the disastrous results of such a practice. Many people are likely to die until a healthy result is obtained. People and animals may not be the same, but to some degree, scientists are right to use animal models to do some experiments that could not be achieved in human. There are also a lot of examples which show that using animals resulted in significant developments and helped to cure some serious illnesses.
All in all, using animals for medical research is ethical as long as it contributes to scientific development and human health. And this practice is only acceptable on the condition that animals are treated humanely.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了动物权利支持者和科学家之间关于用动物进行医学试验研究以寻找治疗人类疾病的方法是否正确的争议。作者认为动物可以被用于医学研究并针对此论点进行了分析论证。
1．Animal rights supporters hold the opinion that ________.
A．farmers have the legal rights to kill animals
B．causing animals to die for science is acceptable
C．scientists are to blame for killing animals for research
D．animals and people are not different genetically
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，动物权利支持者认为科学家应对科学研究致使动物死亡负责。故选C。
2．We can infer that the author ________.
A．seems to be an animal rights supporter
B．does experimental research on animals
C．is concerned about the future of animals
D．agrees that animals can be used in medical research
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句及最后一段内容可推知，作者同意用动物进行医学研究。故选D。
3．According to the text, it is a fact that ________.
A．it is always illegal to use animals for experimental research
B．using animals for medical experiments contributes to curing some serious illnesses
C．using people models is against the law and regarded as cruel
D．it makes no difference whether to use animals or people for experimental research
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，B项所述是事实。故选B。
B
People have been wondering why elephants do not develop cancer even though they have lifespans (寿命) that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years.
Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the University of Chicago, US has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors (肿瘤) developing. To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP53 in elephants. Most other species, including humans, only carry one copy.
According to the research, the extra copies of the gene improved the animal's sensitivity to DNA damage, which lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can go on to form deadly tumors.
“An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals，” the study author Dr. Vincent Lynch told The Guardian. If every living cell has the same chance of becoming cancerous (癌变的), large creatures with a long lifespan like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice. But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass.
This_phenomenon was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named “Peto's paradox (悖论)”. Biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller animals do not. In the elephant's case, the making of TP53 is nature's way of keeping this species alive.
The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants. This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancer spreading or even developing in the first place.
“Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer，” said Joshua Schiffman, a biologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US.“It's up to us to learn how different animals deal with the problem so that we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people.”
【解题导语】 科学家研究发现，大象不患癌症是因为它们的体内有很多阻止肿瘤生长的基因TP53，人类有望通过研究TP53来预防癌症。
4．Why are elephants unlikely to develop cancer?
A．They have a rather large body size.
B．Their genes suffer no DNA damage.
C．Certain genes in their body kill existing tumors.
D．They carry many genes to prevent tumors developing.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“A team at the University of Chicago, US has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors (肿瘤) developing.”可知，因为大象体内有许多阻止肿瘤生长的基因，所以大象不患癌症，故D项正确。
5．According to the passage, what has been a risk in the evolution of large animals?
A．Deadly tumors.
B．The huge body mass.
C．Cells killing themselves.
D．Sensitivity to DNA damage.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals”可知，许多大型动物在进化过程中有患癌症的风险，故A项正确。
6．What does the underlined part “This phenomenon” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to?
A．Larger animals have protection from TP53.
B．The risk of cancer is not related to body size.
C．Larger animals suffer the same risk of cancer as smaller ones.
D．The huger animals are, the bigger risk of cancer they will have.
解析：选B 指代判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass.”可知，this phenomenon 指代患癌症的风险和动物的大小无关，故B项正确。
7．What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Depending on nature is surely enough to fight against cancer.
B．The TP53 genes have proved useful in stopping cancer in people.
C．Humans are expected to prevent cancer with the making of TP53.
D．The extra copies of elephants' genes are used to cure cancer patients.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句“It's up to us to learn how ...prevent cancer in people.”并结合上文陈述的在大象身上发现阻止肿瘤生长的基因TP53可以判断，人们有望通过制造TP53来预防癌症，故C项正确。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A good teacher is many things to many people. In my own experience, the people I respect most are the teachers 1.________ demanded the most discipline from their students.
I miss one teacher in particular that I had in high school. I think she was a good teacher because she was a very strict person. I remember very 2.________(clear) a sign over her classroom door.It was 3.________ simple sign that said，“Laboratory-in this room the first five letters of the word was emphasized, not the last seven.” In other words, I guess, labor 4.________ her was more important than oratory which means 5.________ (make) speeches.
She prepared her work very carefully and demanded us to do the same. We got lots of homework from her. 6.________ she had broken her arm, and everybody in the class thought that maybe the homework 7.________ (reduce), but it continued just the same. She checked our work stamping her name at the bottom of the papers to show that she had read 8.________.
I think sometimes teachers who demand most are liked 9.________. But 10.________ time goes by this discipline really seems to benefit the students.
【解题导语】 这是一篇记叙文。在不同的人看来好教师的概念也是不同的，从作者自身的经历来说，他认为严格的老师才是真正的好老师，因为他(她)对学生的影响是终身的。在本文中作者通过回忆自己的一位老师来讲述了他眼中优秀老师的形象。
1．解析：考查定语从句。“1.________ demanded the most discipline from their students”是定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词是the teachers，指人，引导定语从句用关系代词that / who。故填that / who。
答案：that / who
2．解析：考查副词。空处作状语修饰谓语动词remember，表示“清楚地记得”，做状语用副词形式。故填clearly。
答案：clearly
3．解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一个简单的指示牌”。故填a。
答案：a
4．解析：考查介词。根据上文“Laboratory-in this room the first five letters of the word was emphasized, not the last seven.”和“In other words”可推断，我认为，劳动对于她来说比演讲更重要。for“对”符合语境。故填for。
答案：for
5．解析：考查非谓语动词。mean doing sth.“意味着”，根据句意：意味着演讲的oratory。故填making。
答案：making
6．解析：考查副词。根据语境可知，此处讲述曾经发生的事情。句意：曾经，她摔断了胳膊，班里的每个人都认为或许家庭作业将会减少。once “曾经”符合语境，置句首单词首字母大写。故填Once。
答案：Once
7．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。“家庭作业减少”是发生在“认为”之后的动作，“班里的每个人认为”是过去的动作，因此推断“减少”是发生在过去将来的动作，用过去将来时，且主语the homework与reduce之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填would be reduced。
答案：would be reduced
8.解析：考查代词。此处指代上文提到的the papers，用人称代词的复数them。故填them。
答案：them
9．解析：考查最高级。由下文“But 10.________ time goes by this discipline really seems to benefit the students.”可推断句意：我认为要求最严格的老师是最不被喜欢的。由most推断此处用最高级，结合句意。故填least。
答案：least
10．解析：考查状语从句。句意：但是随着时间的推移，这些纪律是真正对学生有益的。as“随着”引导时间状语从句。故填as。
答案：as
Ⅳ.书面表达
假如你是李华，是一名高三年级的学生，自从进入高三以来你妈妈不允许你上网，她认为上网不仅浪费时间而且还耽误学习。你不同意她的看法，为此你感到很苦恼。请你用英语写一封信向校英语报的编辑王老师求助。
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Mr. Wang，
I'm Li Hua, a Senior 3 student in our school.I'm sorry to disturb you, but I have to ask a favor of you in the hope that you will be so kind to help me.
Ever since last month, my mother hasn't allowed me to surf the Internet. In her opinion, it is a waste of time to surf the Internet and it also affects my study. However, I don't agree with her. With the Internet I can easily find the information I need; I can compare notes with my classmates if I meet with problems in my study, which helps me a lot. Also I can share something that worries me with my friends, which reduces stress. Faced with my mother's strictness, what should I do?
I really need your help!
Yours，
Li Hua
课件45张PPT。 Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing 过去分词作定语和表语第一板块单元语法定语表语定语表语表语developedrespected LedDefeatedmurderedmovingshockedshocking
frighteningfrightenedseatedtiredtiringfollowing→followedSpeaking→Spokenconstructed→being constructedsurprising→surprisedrecording→recordedThe excited look on his faceHearing the encouraging newsopened last yearmarked on the gold coinHis book published last month如何写劝说信第二板块单元写作The way the planets move would not be whatyou have observed Strangely The challenge you will face is great unless word部分： 请做： 课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块课件20张PPT。单元要点归纳提升defeat
expert
attend
absorb
blame
link
positive
enthusiastic
foresee
handlecautiouscautionpollutepollutioninstructinstructioninstructionsconcludeconclusioncontributecontributionrejectrejection
scientificscienceannounceannouncementannouncercertaintycertaincertainlyconstructconstruction
responsibleresponsibilitypainterpaintpaintinguniverseuniversaluniversallychallengechallengingput forwarddraw a conclusionexpose...to
link...to...
apart from
make sense
look into
lead to
at times
(be) strict with...
be cautious about
be absorbed in
make contributions to
Neither the teacher nor his students
Every time I hear
have his work finished on time
can you make progress
inspireddisappointed
injuredexposedsurprised
Simon's English teacher is very strict with him. She often puts forward questions for Simon to answer. Apart from this, she suggests Simon draw conclusions from texts.
Simon absorbs great knowledge from reading.Simon has his compositions checked and learns from the goodarticles.Every time Simon wants to give up, she always encourageshim not to.Only if he never gives up can he succeed. With the help of the teacher, Simon has made rapid progress.
单元质量评估检测卷(一)
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What are the speakers waiting for?
A．Being served.
B．Having a meeting.
C．Attending a wedding.
2．Where are the two speakers most probably?
A．In a car shop.
B．In a street.
C．In a park lot.
3．When will Mr.Hanson arrive at the company?
A．At 11?15.
B．At 11?45.
C．At 12?00.
4．What does the woman really imply?
A．The president never comes on time.
B．The president will be here on time.
C．The president won't come here.
5．What was the weather like according to the speakers?
A．Changeable.
B．Sunshine.
C．Windy.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does Uncle Wang advise Mary to do?
A．Make some coffee.
B．Make a pancake.
C．Boil some eggs.
7．What do we know about Frank?
A．He can't cook.
B．He cooks well.
C．He cooks a little.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What does Bob like?
A．Cooking.
B．Doing the dishes.
C．Neither.
9．What does Jenny think of doing the dishes?
A．Boring.
B．Interesting.
C．Relaxing.
10．What will Bob do for the dinner?
A．Cook and do the dishes.
B．Buy some vegetables and cook.
C．Buy some vegetables and do the dishes.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．At the airport.
B．At the lost and found.
C．At the railway station.
12．When can the woman get her luggage?
A．In 50 minutes.
B．Late in the afternoon.
C．Early tomorrow morning.
13．What has the woman decided to do tonight?
A．Watch a movie.
B．Take a flight.
C．Stay in a hotel.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What is Linda doing?
A．Reading a book.
B．Watching a movie.
C．Doing her homework.
15．What does Linda think of The Mill on the Floss?
A．It's difficult to understand.
B．It's easy to understand.
C．It's worth reading again.
16．What can we learn about Linda?
A．She likes reading very much.
B．She doesn't like short stories.
C．She spends little time reading.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Who is the lead singer of the Rolling Stones?
A．Keith Richards.
B．Charlie Watts.
C．Mick Jagger.
18．When did the Rolling Stones perform in the US for the first time?
A．In 1962.
B．In 1964.
C．In 1965.
19．What is the distinguishing feature of the Beatles?
A．Neatly dressed.
B．Rebellious.
C．Wearing longer hair.
20．What made Brian Jones leave the band?
A．Illness.
B．Suicide.
C．Pressure.
录音材料：
Text 1
M: ①The service is really slow here. I've been trying to get the waiter's attention for the last ten minutes.
W: ①I hope he waits on us soon. I have a meeting at two o'clock.
Text 2
M: ②What's going on there, Candy?
W: ②A red car knocked over an old woman and crashed into another car on the road.
M: How terrible! Let's make a call to the police.
Text 3
M: Has Mr.Hanson arrived at the company?
W: No，③he is supposed to arrive at 11?15. But he might be half an hour late because of the heavy traffic.
Text 4
M: Do you think the chairman of the conference will come to the meeting on time?
W: ④If he doesn't, nobody will.
Text 5
W: ⑤You see, it was sunny in the morning, but it is pouring in the afternoon.
M: Yes. Luckily, I won't go shopping after lunch today.
Text 6
M: Good morning, Mary. You're up early.
W: Good morning, Uncle Wang.
M: Are you hungry?
W: Yes, I am. Is there any coffee?
M: There's some coffee on the stove.⑥Why don't you make a pancake?
W: I want to do it, but I don't know how to cook.
M: Well, Mary, in this family, everybody cooks a little.
W: Does Frank know how to cook?
M: ⑦Of course, he knows a little.
W: Well, I'll try.
M: Good.
Text 7
M: Do you like cooking, Jenny?
W: Yes, I do. But I don't like doing the dishes. What about you, Bob?
M: To be honest, I hate doing both of them.⑧I can't cook and I never do the dishes.
W: Suppose you have to choose one, and which do you prefer?
M: I would rather do the dishes than cook.
W: I prefer the opposite.⑨Doing the dishes is boring.
M: Let's make a deal.
W: What?
M: ⑩I'm going to buy some vegetables and then you cook.
W: ⑩Will you do the dishes after the dinner?
M: Sure.
Text 8
M: Can I help you, madam?
W: Yes. I've been waiting for my luggage for 50 minutes. And I only have a few minutes left to catch another plane to Chicago.
M: Please wait a minute. I'll check it.
W: Thanks.
M: Sorry to have kept you waiting. Your suitcases were left behind in Paris. ?They won't arrive in New York until late in the afternoon.
W: Oh, that's terrible. ?I'll miss my plane.
M: We're sorry about that, madam. Our company will pay the bill ?for your stay in the hotel tonight. ?You can get a flight early tomorrow morning.
W: OK.
Text 9
M: Are you doing your homework, Linda?
W: ?No, I'm reading The Mill on the Floss, a book written by George Eliot.
M: What's it about?
W: It is mainly about the relationship between a brother and a sister. They grew up together, but an argument caused them to separate. Luckily, they finally got together again, but they were both killed in the flood.
M: ?Is it difficult to understand?
W: ?Not really, and I think it is easy.
M: Do you like reading short stories?
W: Yes, I do.
M: Have you read anything else?
W: ?Certainly I have. I read everything I can get in my free time. I don't want to waste my time.
M: I agree. People who don't read are no better off than people who can't read.
Text 10
The Rolling Stones started out in London in 1962 and have been commercially successful for over fifty years. Of the original line-up three members are still in the band: ?lead singer Mick Jagger, guitarist Keith Richards and drummer Charlie Watts. Ronnie Woods joined the band in 1975.
In 1962 they performed at the Marquee Club in London for the first time. The music they played at that time was not rock and roll but rhythm and blues.
?The Rolling Stones' first US tour in June 1964 was not very successful, partly because they hadn't had a hit record at that time. The Beatles, formed at around the same time, were skyrocketing to success. ?While the Beatles had been gentleman-like, nice and always neatly dressed, the Stones had been their counterparts, the bad boys, the Anti-Beatles, wearing longer hair and showing a more aggressive musical style.
International breakthrough came in 1965 with their number one hit Satisfaction. In 1967 members of the Rolling Stones were accused of taking drugs. ?Guitarist Brian Jones could not stand the pressure of success and left the band in 1969. He committed suicide, shortly afterwards.
参考答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.A 20.C
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A list of Benjamin Franklin's inventions reveals a man of many talents and interests.His natural curiosity about things and the way they work made him try to find ways to make them work better.
Ben had poor vision and needed glasses to read.He got tired of constantly taking them off and putting them back on，so he decided to figure out how his glasses would let him see both near and far.He had two pairs of glasses cut in half and put half of each lens (镜片) in a single frame.Today，we call them bifocals(双光眼镜)．
Everyone knows the story of Ben's famous kite flight.Although he made important discoveries and advancements，Ben did not “invent” the electricity.He did，however，invent the lightning rod which protects buildings and ships from lightning.
In colonial America，most people warmed their homes by building a fire in a fireplace even though it was dangerous and used a lot of wood.Ben figured that there had to be a better way.His invention of an iron furnace stove allowed people to warm their homes less dangerously and with less wood.The furnace stove that he invented is called the Franklin Stove.Interestingly enough，Ben also established the first fire company and the first fire insurance company in order to help people live more safely.
As a postmaster，Ben had to figure out routes for delivering the mail.He went out riding in his carriage to measure the routes and needed a way to keep track of the distance.He invented a simple odometer (里程表) and attached it to his carriage.
Later，other famous inventors，like Tomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell，followed in Ben's footsteps by trying to find ways to help people live better.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了本杰明·富兰克林的一系列的实用发明物。
21．How many things invented by Benjamin Franklin are mentioned in the passage?
A．3. B．4.
C．5. D．6.
解析：选B 细节理解题。本文从上至下讲述了本杰明·富兰克林的发明有：双光眼镜、避雷针、铁皮炉子和里程表四种。
22．What do we know about the Franklin Stove?
A．It is made of iron and easy to carry.
B．It is much safer and can save wood.
C．It is much smaller than the traditional stove.
D．It reaches the requirements of the fire company.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段的描述“His invention of an iron furnace stove allowed people to warm their homes less dangerously and with less wood.”可知B项正确。
23．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Franklin invented the bifocals because of his poor vision.
B．Franklin invented the odometer to make his riding easier.
C．Franklin first invented the electricity and then the lightning rod.
D．Franklin invented the odometer when he worked in a post office.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的叙述可知，富兰克林在邮政局工作时，“发明了一个简单的里程表，并把它装在了他送邮件的车上”，故D项正确。
24．What characteristic did Franklin，Edison and Bell have in common?
A．They had a strong desire to make life better.
B．They were excellent students at school.
C．They were born in the same age.
D．They made people's life simple.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“by trying to find ways to help people live better”可推知，这些科学家们都有强烈的使人们的生活更加美好的愿望，故A项正确。
B
Get help now for your pet.
Savannah from Joppa, MD.
Pet Lover, Children Caretaker, Available Daily. I have owned pets for the past 14 years. I've taken care of all kinds of pets, such as cats, hamsters and rats. I love animals and frequently go to the local animal shelter to spend time with some of the animals there.
$10～15/hr; 10 yrs of exp.
Ahjah from Macon, GA.
My plan is to go to college to become a vet, so I just want to have some experience to put on my college resume (简历). Thank you and I hope you understand.
$10～30/hr; 0 yrs of exp.
Elise from Moscow, TX.
All my life I have pets such as cats, dogs, guinea-pigs and even a horse. I have a great love for pets, especially dogs. I am a very gentle person and love to show love for any animal.
$10～15/hr; 0 yrs of exp.
Kelsey from Tenino, WA.
I've cared for many pets, including my own, over the past 10 years. I volunteer regularly at a local veterinary hospital and have experience of caring from 1 to over 50 animals at a time.
$ 10～15/hr; 10 yrs of exp.
【解题导语】 本文是一些人发布的寻找照顾宠物工作的信息。
25．We know that Savannah ________.
A．works at the local animal shelter
B．hasn't taken care of children before
C．didn't get a pet until about ten years ago
D．has the longest experience in caring for animals
解析：选D 细节理解题。由Savannah部分“I have owned pets for the past 14 years.”及“10 yrs of exp”可知，她自己养了14年的宠物，有10年给别人照顾宠物的经验。相比Kelsey 10年照顾宠物的经验，Savannah的经验最久。
26．Ahjah looks for a pet-sitting job mainly to ________.
A．cover his college costs
B．enrich his college resume
C．earn some pocket money
D．understand animals better
解析：选B 细节理解题。由Ahjah部分“...so I just want to have some experience to put on my college resume(简历)．”可知，Ahjah的目的是B项。
27．What is Elise's disadvantage?
A．She doesn't really like animals.
B．She charges too much for her work.
C．She hasn't taken care of pets before.
D．She lacks experience of pet-sitting for others.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由Elise部分“All my life I have pets”及“0 yrs of exp”可知，她自己养过宠物，但没有帮别人照顾宠物的经验。
C
It was shortly after her daughter was born in 2005 that Deng Zhixin gave birth to an idea to help children who had been abandoned (抛弃) by their parents.
While exchanging ideas online with a group of new moms on how to take care of children, Deng came across stories of children born with diseases being left by their parents on the streets or in hospitals.
“My original intention was to find medical aid for those kids, and give them the love they deserve as much as other children，” said Deng, 41.
With a group of mothers in Beijing in 2007, Deng co-founded (共同创立) Angel Mom, an organization that helps poor orphans who might die without receiving timely medical treatment.
Angel Mom collects funds from wealthy people to provide medical help for the disabled children and finds adoptive parents for them.
“We concentrated on seeking financial support for their operations and finding them a family capable of and truly willing to adopt them，” she said.
Weeks ago, Deng quit her job for the third time in three years. Before she quit, she was the chief financial operator in a company with an annual salary of more than 500,000 yuan.
“I couldn't handle the heavy work while taking care of the children at the same time，” Deng said.
Angel Mom now maintains cooperation with more than 15 hospitals across the country.
As soon as a child arrives, Deng and her partners immediately start seeking financial help from wealthy people through personal relationships or accept assistance from certain charities (慈善机构), such as Smile Angel Foundation, founded in 2006 by Faye Wong and Li Yapeng to help children with cleft lips.
“It_usually_takes_days_or_even_weeks_to_find_someone_who_would_like_to_donate_a_sufficient_amount_if_the_child's_illness_doesn't_meet_the_charity_funds'_requirements，” Deng said, adding that six children have passed away, some due to lack of timely medication.
“For me, those children mean responsibility. Sometimes I wish I could let them go but they are already part of my life，” Deng continued, “I chose a special life, but I don't think I'm special.”
【解题导语】 一次偶然的机会让邓志新做出重大的人生决定，放弃高薪工作而从事社会公益事业，为那些遭受父母抛弃的儿童提供各方面的帮助。
28．Which of the following can best describe Deng Zhixin?
A．Kind-hearted，stubborn，changeable.
B．Responsible，kind-hearted，helpful.
C．Helpful，lovable，intelligent.
D．Special，wealthy，diligent.
解析：选B 推理判断题。结合文章内容可知邓志新有社会责任感、心地善良并乐于助人。
29．The reason why Deng quit her job was that ________.
A．it was too demanding a job for her to do well
B．she was fed up with it
C．she was not content with the salary offered
D．she found it hard to cope with the two at the same time
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第八段中的“I couldn't handle the heavy work while taking care of the children at the same time”可知邓志新辞职的原因是D项。
30．Which of the following does Deng usually do according to the passage?
A．Find parents to adopt children.
B．Perform operations for the disabled children.
C．Seek financial help for the children from the government.
D．Help to find the parents who abandoned the children.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“and finds adoptive parents for them”可知选A项。
31．What Deng said (the underlined sentence) mainly suggests ________.
A．the charity funds' requirements are too high
B．timely medication can prevent sick children from dying
C．they sometimes have difficulty in finding people willing to donate
D．when it comes to donation，people should be generous
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据该段中邓志新所说的话可推知他们有时候很难筹到善款。
D
Fast food is not what you think it is.It is actually junk food that is processed and put in your body. Fast food has more calories than people think, leading to obesity (肥胖). Obesity has been increasing over the past ten years. Fast food is making Americans obese, very obese. Americans are not making the best decisions for their bodies.
Fast food can cause mankind to get very sick. It is low in vitamins and nutrients one needs. The food contains plenty of chemical additives, which can cause serious illness and hyperactivity (多动) in kids.
Children are getting more and more obese because parents are not giving them the fruits and vegetables they need. When children are hungry, the parent just goes through a drive-thru (汽车餐厅), getting the child a Kid's Meal, instead of going to a store to buy carrots. Parents have to be more careful with what they feed their children. Children and adults can get diabetes and high blood pressure. Diabetes can be very hard to get rid of. Being extremely heavy can even lead to death.
McDonald's food is high in sugar and salt. Eating fast food frequently can cause you to be very plump. Eating_more_calories_than_you_actually_burn,_most_of_the_excess_fat_will_turn_into_body_fat. School lunches aren't so healthy either. Parents should make their children's lunches to prevent childhood obesity.
Americans are not eating the healthy food they need. Fast food is a huge reason for obesity, but not the main reason. Obese people can get very sick, leading to many different risks of health issues. You shouldn't blame genes on your weight, because it is your own fault, too. Obesity is something you can't blame on anyone, but it is something you can prevent by forming a healthy diet habit.
【解题导语】 现代社会中越来越多的人变得肥胖，快餐是导致肥胖的原因之一。文章分析了快餐导致肥胖的原因以及避免肥胖的有效做法。
32．Many Americans are fat probably because they ________.
A．would like to eat too much fast food
B．have much money to buy fast food
C．often make mistakes in their life
D．don't know fast food is harmful
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，快餐导致美国人肥胖。
33．What should parents do in order to keep children healthy?
A．Provide them with a Kid's Meal.
B．Offer them enough green vegetables.
C．Accompany them to the supermarket.
D．Encourage them to do more exercise.
解析：选B 推理判断题。第三段提到孩子们肥胖的原因是父母给他们提供快餐，而不是绿色食品。由此可以推知，为保证他们的健康，父母应该提供足够的绿色蔬菜，故B项为正确答案。
34．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Body fat is difficult to get rid of.
B．Eating more calories is beneficial.
C．Excess calories make your body fat.
D．Fat has something to do with your body.
解析：选C 句意理解题。根据上下文的意思可以推知，该句的意思是：多余的热量使你的身体变肥胖。
35．It can be concluded from the last paragraph that ________.
A．people are often at risk of various healthy problems
B．your parents should be blamed for their behavior
C．fast food is the only reason to make you obese
D．a balanced eating habit is helpful to your health
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其是最后一句可以推知，平衡的饮食习惯对健康有益。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's easy to spot signs of physical suffering, but much emotional pain can't be easily masked. __36__.“We don't tend to have conversations about mental well-being，” says Dr. Barbara Van Dahlen, a clinic psychologist. Simply asking someone “How are you” may just get “Fine, thank you”， says Van Dahlen. “It's important to be aware of what could lead to somebody needing help they're afraid to ask for, ” she adds. The followings are four signs a friend might need help.
__37__.
If you sense something different about the way your friend is acting—maybe he's not smiling much these days, for instance — trust your feelings and reach out. “Try saying, ‘I see these things. I care about you. Can I be of help? ’”， Van Dahlen says.
He's unusually unhappy or annoyed.
__38__.“It may take more than one time to follow up if you're talking to someone who is upset, ” Van Dahlen says, “but if a friend responds with anger, that could mean you're onto something. ”
He's less put together than usual.
Drinking more and ignoring personal hygiene (卫生) can be signs that someone is in trouble. Don't consider these behaviors are nothing. __39__.He seems overwhelmed (压倒) by life.
No one is happy all the time, but if your once optimistic friend can't find anything to be hopeful about, he may be having thoughts of worthlessness, sadness and something negative. “__40__，” says Van Dahlen, “so that more people can get the help they need. ”
A．He's acting a bit more withdrawn
B．He doesn't seem like himself lately
C．Instead, treat them as a sign to care for your friend
D．Getting angry quickly and easily can be a sign that something is wrong
E．It's a constant effort to bring into the open discussions about mental health
F．Many people avoid talking about it no matter how close they are to someone
G．We want people to get comfortable being more open and discussing mental health
【解题导语】 本文是一篇关于健康的说明文。文章介绍了人们心理出现问题时的四个迹象。
36．解析：选F 根据本空后的“We don't tend to have conversations about mental well-being”可知， “无论人们跟某人有多亲密， 他们都不会跟对方谈论心理方面的问题”。F项中的it指代本空上一句中的 emotional pain。故选F。
37．解析：选B 根据下文中“something different about the way your friend is acting”可知， “朋友跟平常不一样”是他心理出现问题的迹象之一。故选B。
38．解析：选D 根据本段的小标题“He's unusually unhappy or annoyed.”可知， “易怒是(心理) 出问题的一个迹象”。故选D。
39．解析：选C 根据本空前的“Don't consider these behaviors are nothing.”可知， 不要把这些不同寻常的行为不当一回事， “而是要把它们当成你去关爱朋友的迹象”。C项中的them指代上一句中的 behaviors。故选C。
40．解析：选G 根据本空后的“so that more people can get the help they need” 可推测， Van Dahlen“希望人们能更自在地敞开心扉谈论心理健康”， 只有这样， 更多的人才能得到他们需要的帮助。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The other day I noticed a young woman, very close to my own age, walking by the store front. I__41__ she was a student at the local college, mainly because of the fact that she was __42__ her books and supplies. She stopped and looked through the window with a __43__ look on her face. The next day, around the same time, she stopped by __44__， as was the case the previous day.
I came to the café this morning, after having made a comment on how __45__ it was outside. The area experienced a sudden __46__ in temperature last night to around －3℃. It was getting close to the __47__ when I had seen the young woman before, so I __48__ her. I saw her come near to the store slowly. She looked as cold as ever. She didn't __49__ long because of the weather, so I ran outside __50__ she was able to walk too far away.
I asked her to come __51__ and offered her a hot drink. She was __52__， and fairly shy about the __53__. After a short conversation, I __54__ that she was a college student and that she no longer had enough meals on her meal __55__ because she had met a college freshman who had __56__ his meal card, and she was __57__ her card to make sure he had enough to eat until his replacement came. Her generosity and __58__ returned to her as I was ready to __59__ her with a hot cup of coffee.
She asked how she could __60__ me, and I told her she already had. She was very kind and gave another stranger food to eat.
【解题导语】 本文通过一个故事说明了好人有好报的道理。你帮助别人，别人也会帮助你，这是一个良性循环。
41．A.wondered B．thought
C．heard D．watched
解析：选B 根据下一空后的her books及倒数第二段中的meal card等信息可推知，作者“认为”对方是一名学生。
42．A.carrying B．reading
C．cleaning D．fetching
解析：选A 结合语境可知，她带着书。carry“携带”。
43．A.happy B．good
C．peaceful D．sad
解析：选D 倒数第二段中提到她与一名大一新生共用自己的餐卡，所以餐卡的余额已经不多了，故她的脸上应该有几分愁容。
44．A.soon B．again
C．still D．yet
解析：选B 结合语境可知，第二天，女孩“再次”来到这里。
45．A.cold B．fine
C．crowded D．busy
解析：选A 根据下一句及本段中出现的cold可知，天气寒冷。
46．A.rise B．balance
C．change D．drop
解析：选D 该地区气温突降。a sudden drop与空后的－3 ℃相呼应。
47．A.level B．time
C．desk D．day
解析：选B 空后when引导的定语从句修饰本空处的the time，指快到女孩出现在咖啡厅前的时间了。
48．A.looked for B．called on
C．picked out D．held up
解析：选A 因为快到时间了，所以作者在四处找她。look for“寻找”。
49．A.wait B．drink
C．stop D．explain
解析：选C 因为寒冷，她没有“停留”很久。
50．A.after B．when
C．before D．unless
解析：选C 作者在她走远前跑了出去。结合下一段中作者请女孩喝咖啡也可知，作者成功拦下了要走远的女孩。
51．A.inside B．outdoors
C．quickly D．early
解析：选A 作者叫她进店里，并为她点了一杯热饮。
52．A.frightened B．angry
C．surprised D．sleepy
解析：选C 面对这种情况，女孩既“惊讶”又害羞，毕竟作者对女孩来讲是陌生人。
53．A.way B．situation
C．event D．choice
解析：选B 此处situation指作者邀请女孩到店里并给女孩提供饮料这一“情形”。
54．A.recognized B．noticed
C．observed D．learned
解析：选D 在简短的谈话后，作者“了解到”她是一名大学生。learn“得知，了解到”。
55．A.card B．list
C．order D．table
解析：选A 结合空前的meal及下文中出现的meal card可知，此处填card。
56．A.found B．lost
C．bought D．painted
解析：选B 结合语境可知，上文中提到的大一新生“丢”了饭卡。
57．A.selling B．sharing
C．earning D．replacing
解析：选B 结合空后的“he had enough to eat”并分析四个选项可知，女孩选择与丢饭卡的那名大一新生共用自己的饭卡。
58．A.kindness B．quality
C．curiosity D．faith
解析：选A 本空所填词应该与空前的generosity属于同一意义范畴，故kindness符合题意。她的慷慨、善良得到了回报。
59．A.trade B．please
C．provide D．agree
解析：选C 结合本段第一句中的“offered her a hot drink”可知，此处指作者为女孩买了一杯热咖啡。provide “提供”，符合题意。
60．A.refuse B．award
C．receive D．repay
解析：选D 陌生人请自己喝咖啡，女孩肯定会问自己应该如何报答对方。repay “偿还，报答”。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first-ever direct China-to-Britain freight train (货运列车) arrived in London last week. It was the 61.________ (late) evidence of China's efforts to redevelop the “Silk Road” trade routes that once stretched from Asia to Europe.
62．________ (travel) from China through Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Belgium and France for 18 days, the train finally arrived in London. Inside the 68 containers 63.________ (be) household goods, clothing, cloth, bags and suitcases. “This is 64.________ (two) as quick as sea and it's much, much cleaner and cheaper than air freight，” said Philippa Edmunds, 65.________ works at the British Campaign for Better Transport.
But the train itself may be more important than the goods 66.________ was carrying. Observers say the trip had a political message that China is developing new trade routes and new markets. China needs to find more places 67.________ (sell) the goods it makes. That is the 68.________ (believe) of Jie Yu from the London School of Economics. “The domestic market in China now seems not to be very promising, so the Chinese are 69.________ (desperate) looking for the new markets. And obviously that freight train serves 70.________ a very good vehicle for the Chinese manufacturers and may help restore the business confidence inside China.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了史上第一辆中国直达英国的货运列车顺利到达伦敦，并介绍了运送货物的种类、途经的地方和此线开通的经济和政治意义。
61．解析：考查形容词最高级。根据语境和空前的the可知，此处指它是中国重振丝绸之路所付出的巨大努力的最新例证。latest意为“最新的”，符合语境。
答案：latest
62．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指在列车从中国出发穿过这些国家后，历经18天最终到达伦敦。根据语境可知，travel与其逻辑主语“the train”之间存在主谓关系，且travel比谓语动词arrive动作发生早，(先于谓语动作发生)，应用现在分词的完成式having traveled。注意首字母大写。
答案：Having traveled
63．解析：考查主谓一致。句意为：68个集装箱里装的都是日常用品、衣物、布料、包和行李箱。此处为方位副词引导的全部倒装句，谓语动词的数应和“household goods, clothing, cloth, bags and suitcases”保持一致。故填were。
答案：were
64．解析：考查序数词。根据语境可知，此处指货运列车的速度是海运的两倍。此处用“倍数＋as＋adj.＋as”结构表示倍数。故填twice。
答案：twice
65．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Philippa Edmunds，指人，在从句中作主语。故填who。
答案：who
66．解析：考查代词。句意为：但是这辆货运车本身(的意义)比它运送的货物更重要。此处应用it指代“the train”。故填it。
答案：it
67．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：中国需要找到更多的地方来销售生产出的产品。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。故填to sell。
答案：to sell
68．解析：考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处指Jie Yu的观点。根据定冠词“the”可知，此处应用believe的名词形式belief，意为“观点，信仰”。故填belief。
答案：belief
69．解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词短语“looking for”。故填desperately。
答案：desperately
70．解析：考查固定搭配。根据语境可知，此处指很明显那辆货运列车充当了一个很好的交通工具的角色。serve as是固定搭配，意为“担任，充当”，符合语境。故答案为as。
答案：as
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Jenny，
I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after enter the high school. There is nothing that you can do to change this situation. First, try to invite some of your classmate to take part some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better. Then, help others when they are in the trouble, but ask them to help you when you have difficulty.
As far as I am concerned, life in senior high school was stressful. But I am determining to overcome all the difficulties and learn all subjects good. I hope you will get used with the life in the new school earlier!
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Jenny，
I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after the high school.There is that you can do to change this situation.First，try to invite some of your to take part some activities together after school.This will help you understand each other better.Then，help others when they are in trouble， ask them to help you when you have difficulty.
As far as I am concerned，life in senior high school stressful.But I am to overcome all the difficulties and learn all subjects . I hope you will get used the life in the new school earlier!
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是校学生会主席李华，新年到来之际，为了帮助学校留学生们更好地了解中国文化，学生会将举办一场新年联欢会。请用英语写一个通知，主要内容包括：
1．时间：下周五晚6?00～8?00；
2．地点：教学楼101室；
3．内容：学习包饺子；比赛用筷子；中国校园歌曲串烧、观看武术表演等。
注意：
1．词数不少于100；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Notice
As New Year is around the corner, we are going to hold a New Year party. It intends to help the overseas students have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
During the party, the Chinese campus songs will be presented in the form of good mixture. You will have to compete with each other to see how skilled you are at using chopsticks. Meanwhile, you'll learn at the party how to make dumplings. Also you can enjoy Chinese martial arts (wushu) performance. The party is scheduled in Room 101 of the Teaching Building from 6∶00 p．m. to 8∶00 p．m. next Friday. Make sure you won't miss it. All of you are welcome.
Student Union
