课件46张PPT。Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Pre-reading & Reading—Comprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解importance damage first experience 定语从句 原因状语 独立主格 butUnit 5 Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I think they should equip their office with some new computers for some research work.
2．Almost everyone thinks the books are suitable(suit)for children.
3．I was waving(wave) my hand madly but he never once looked in my direction.
4．If the bottle of gas catches fire, the whole building may be burned to the ground.
5．Having_read (read) the chapter four times, I finally understood the author's theory.
6．It is said that the building program has been evaluated(evaluate) for its usefulness and effect it would have.
7．On February 11, 2007, Drew Gilton Faust was appointed as the first female president of Harvard University in 371 years.
8．It being(be)a fine day, the children went to the park.
9．—Do you think there is possibility that they will get married?
—Absolutely (absolute)．They love each other very much.
10．The robber was brought to the judge, his hands fast tied(tie)．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．After admiring the beautiful view，she made his way to the next destination.his→her
2．As far as I know，it is absolute impossible to finish it in five days.absolute→absolutely
3．Compared the youth to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o'clock a．m.，Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young men.Compared→Comparing
4．The government has an interest in importing scientific equipments.equipments→equipment
5．I was reading while the light went out.while→when
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The US government has recently helped people learn more about the dangers of earthquakes by publishing a map.This map shows the chances of an earthquake in each part of the country.The areas of the map where earthquakes are most likely to occur are called earthquake belts.The government is spending a great deal of money and is working hard to help to discover the answers to these two questions：
Can we predict earthquakes?
Can we control earthquakes?
To answer the first question, scientists are looking very closely at the most active fault (断层) systems in the country, such as the San Andreas fault in California.A fault is a break between two sections of the earth's surface.These breaks between sections are the places where earthquakes occur.Scientists look at the faults for changes which might show that an earthquake was about to occur.But it will probably be many years before we can predict earthquakes correctly.And the control of earthquakes is even farther away.
However，there have been some interesting developments in the field of controlling earthquakes.The most interesting development concerns the Rocky Mountain Arsenal earthquakes.Here water was put into a layer of rocks 4,000 metres below the surface of the ground.Shortly after this injection (注射) of water，there was a small number of earthquakes.Scientists have decided that the water which was injected into the rocks worked like oil on each other.
When the water “oiled” the fault，the fault became slippery and the energy of an earthquake was given out.Scientists are still experimenting at the site of these earthquakes.They have realized that there is a connection between the injection of the water and the earthquake activity.They have suggested that it might be possible to use this knowledge to prevent very big，dangerous earthquakes，that is，scientists could inject some kind of fluid like water into faults and change one big earthquake into a number of small，harmless earthquakes.
【解题解读】 为了提高人们对地震的防范意识，美国政府加大了在防震、预测方面的投入，他们甚至在努力采取措施控制地震的发生。
1．Earthquakes belts are ________.
A．maps that show where earthquakes are likely to occur
B．zones with a high probability of earthquakes
C．breaks between two sections of the earth's surface
D．the two layers of earth along a fault
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，地震多发地带被称为earthquake belts。
2．The San Andreas fault is ________.
A．an active fault system
B．a place where earthquakes have been predicted correctly
C．a place where earthquakes have been controlled
D．at the foot of the Rocky Mountain
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，该地区为地震比较活跃的地区。
3．What did scientists learn about earthquakes at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal?
A．They occur at about 4,000 metres below ground level.
B．The injection of water into earthquake faults prevents earthquakes from occurring.
C．They are usually caused by the oil in the faults.
D．Harmful earthquakes could be prevented by causing harmless earthquakes.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后两段内容可知。
4．What can be said about the experiments at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal?
A．They have no practical value in earthquake prevention.
B．They may have practical value in earthquake prevention.
C．They are certain to have practical value in earthquake prevention.
D．Nothing is told about their practical value in earthquake prevention.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据科学家的试验，通过向断裂带注水可以引发小地震，从而使地震的能量得到释放， 因此也就降低了大地震爆发的可能。
Ⅳ.完形填空
In the past，human beings did not have to think about the protection of the environment.There were few people on the earth ，and natural resources seemed to be __1__.
Today things are __2__ and the world has become too __3__.We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are __4__ our environment with dangerous chemicals (化学制品)．If we continue to do this，human life on the earth __5__ survive.
Everyone __6__ today that if too many fishes are taken from the sea，there will soon be none left.Yet，with modern fishing __7__，more and more fishes are caught.We know that if too many trees are cut down，__8__ will disappear and nothing will grow on the earth.Yet we __9__ to use bigger and more powerful machines to __10__ more and more trees.
We realise that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, fishes will die.__11__，in most countries wastes are __12__ put into rivers or into the sea，and there are __13__ laws to stop this.
We know，too，that if the __14__ of the world continues to rise at the present rate，in a few years there will not be enough __15__.What can we do to solve these problems?
If we eat more vegetables and less __16__，there will be more food available (可用的)for everyone.Land that is used to grow crops __17__ five times more people than land where animals are kept.
Our natural resources will __18__ longer if we learn to recycle (循环再用) them.
The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth __19__.
Finally，if we educate people to think about the problems，we shall have a better and cleaner__20__ in the future.
【解题导语】 文章介绍了一些自然资源减少及破坏的原因及人口增长带来的影响，呼吁人们循环利用自然资源。
1．A.beautiful B．unlimited
C．unusual D．valuable
解析：选B 根据下句可知，过去自然资源似乎是取之不尽的，所以用unlimited。
2．A.common B．the same
C．changeable D．different
解析：选D 今昔对比，现在的情况不同了。
3．A.crowded B．small
C．dirty D．busy
解析：选A 下文提到人口增长过快，世界变得拥挤了。
4．A.protecting B．saving
C．polluting D．fighting
解析：选C 用危险的化学制品污染环境。
5．A.may not B．will not
C．shall not D．could not
解析：选B 如果我们继续这么做，人类将无法生存。
6．A.wonders B．realises
C．considers D．discovers
解析：选B 由第四段第一句话可知，我们都意识到……
7．A.poles B．boats
C．methods D．ideas
解析：选C 捕鱼方法。
8．A.mountains B．the sea
C．trees D．forests
解析：选D 滥砍滥伐导致森林消失。
9．A.continue B．have
C．ought D．go on
解析：选A 然而人们“继续”我行我素。空前的yet表示转折。
10．A.grow B．plant
C．save D．cut down
解析：选D cut down意为“砍伐”。
11．A.Thus B．However
C．Generally D．Therefore
解析：选B 用however表示转折。
12．A.still B．even
C．also D．certainly
解析：选A still意为“仍然”。
13．A.many B．none
C．some D．few
解析：选D and表示递进，“没有多少法律来制止这一点”。
14．A.production B．pollution
C．population D．development
解析：选C 根据下文得知，话题已转向“人口”问题。
15．A.houses B．vegetables
C．food D．places
解析：选C 人口增长将导致无法解决的粮食问题。
16．A fruit B．meat
C．fish D．grain
解析：选B 从下一句中出现的“animals are kept”可知是meat。
17．A.feeds B．increases
C．supplies D．helps
解析：选A feed有“喂养”的意思。
18．A.use B．stay
C．keep D．last
解析：选D 自然资源将持续更久。
19．A.control B．born
C．plan D．pay
解析：选A 人口出生率的控制。
20．A.nature B．sea
C．planet D．forest
解析：选C 一个更好更干净的星球。
Ⅴ.短文改错
In the picture，there is a cup，as is usually presented to the winners in sports competitions.The cup is definite a symbol of a great success.But it makes me puzzled is that a magnifying glass is used to seeing its light scratch on the cup，which is not at all obvious.
What I see in this picture reminds me that people who use a magnifying glass to see the faults in others.Those people are usually very demanded and picky.They only see the“scratches”instead of the whole cup.As we all know，everyone had both strengths and weaknesses.Therefore，we should be objective about others' achievements rather than find faults with him on purpose.Only in this way harmony be achieved and conflicts be avoided.
答案：
In the picture，there is a cup， is usually presented to the winners in sports competitions.The cup is a symbol of great success.But makes me puzzled is that a magnifying glass is used to its light scratch on the cup，which is not at all obvious.
What I see in this picture reminds me people who use a magnifying glass to see the faults in others.Those people are usually very and picky.They only see the“scratches”instead of the whole cup.As we all know，everyone both strengths and weaknesses.Therefore，we should be objective about others' achievements rather than find faults with on purpose.Only in this way harmony be achieved and conflicts be avoided.
课件68张PPT。Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points记单词 记短语 记句型3 基础梳理alongsidepotential wave
ashappoint
suitabsoluteabsolutelyerupt
eruption
equipment
evaluateactualburn to the ground
be suitable for
wind one's way
get close to
do research前往；到(某地)
对……充满热情
和……比起来
保护……免受……
被任命为……however weak we areHaving collected and evaluated was about to go backwhenthis being my first experience 研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析equipment with to deal equipped Equipped with had equipped himself for were equipped with equipment well equipped as appointment with to act have an appointment evaluate evaluation (were) burned/burnt to theburn (yourself) out ground或(were) burned/burnt down burn off burn down或beburned/burnt down for to/towards through make your way to lost his way felt his way impressiveimpressionimpressedontowith/byimpressive left a deep impression on impressed were having when watching were about to set off when had just gone to bed when over to do surrounding 随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练bsolutelyavedppointruptionquipmentuestionnaireiagrampotentialalongsidesuithis house has (been) burnt to the groundhe made his way homehowever busy we arewas about to board the plane whenThe weather being fineword部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Diana always feels slightly uncomfortable (comfort) with a hat on because she has a big head.
2．The key to success as a romantic novelist (novel) is absolute belief in your story.
3．Maggie was hit on the head by a stone and knocked unconscious (conscious)．
4．The soldier was_shot(shoot) in the leg while attempting to break through.
5．I panicked(panic) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
6．Basic human rights, including freedom of speech, are now guaranteed (guarantee)．
7．The mother was filled with anxiety(anxious) about her daughter's health.
8．The leaves trembled (tremble) in the breeze.
9．The little boy showed his appreciation(appreciate)of good music when the singer asked him the question.
10．It is believed (believe) that health is above wealth.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Tom as well as his brother guarantee to return the car in six hours.guarantee→guarantees
2．It's dangerous to go bath in the sea.bath→bathing
3．Go straight down the road, you will find the department store.Go→Going或you前加and
4．Three robbers were shoot dead.shoot→shot
5．We were anxious that he listened to our advice.listened→listen
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Check out our tsunami facts and learn some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction.Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.
?The Japanese word for tsunami means harbor wave.
?Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal (受潮汐影响的)waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.
?Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
?As a tsunami approaches the shore (海岸), water may move back from the coast.If it is shallow (浅的) enough the water may be pulled back hundreds of metres.If you are in the area, you can know that a tsunami is on the way when you see this phenomenon.
?Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time as possible to move to a safe place.
?When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast) they slow down but increase in height.
?An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000 people in 12 countries.
?In March 2011，the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people.
?The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres in some areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文， 简要介绍了有关海啸的一些基本常识。
1．How many causes of tsunamis are mentioned in the text?
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
解析：选B 细节理解题。 由第四段可知，海啸通常是由地震或火山爆发引起的。
2．In the Tohoku earthquake over 15,000 people died mainly because of ________.
A．the earthquake itself
B．the lack of warning systems
C．the tsunami caused by the earthquake
D．the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“...a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people.”可知，在2011年日本大地震中，海啸是造成超过15,000人死亡的主要原因。故C项正确。
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Over 200,000 people were killed in 12 countries because of the earthquake in Dec.2004.
B．Sometimes tsunamis are said as tidal waves，because they are related to tides.
C．The warning systems in some regions help people move to a safe place.
D．If you see water move to the coast, there will be a tsunami on the way.
解析：选C 细节理解题。从文章第六段可以看出C项正确。由倒数第三段可以看出是由于地震引起的海啸使20多万人丧生，而非地震本身，A项错误。B项与第三段意思相反，故为错误选项。文章第五段提到，海啸来时海水会从海岸向后退，而非向前进，故D项错误。
4．The text is developed mainly by ________.
A．listing some facts
B．giving some examples
C．providing some numbers
D．making some comparisons
解析：选A 写作手法题。本文主要列举了一些关于海啸的基本常识和事实。故A项正确。
B
Ann Daniel and Helen Findlay faced the dangers of polar bears，thin ice and frostbite(冻伤)when they became members of an expedition(探险队) to the Arctic in 2010.
The expedition team consisted of six scientists and a separate group of three explorers.While Helen and the other scientists were setting up a laboratory site on the ice in northern Canada，Ann and two other explorers set off on a 500 kilometre journey on foot across floating sea ice from Greenland to the North Pole.
Both groups planned to measure how thick the ice was at various sites in the Arctic.They would also collect water samples(样本) for testing, in order to discover how the chemistry of sea water was changing, and what effect this was having on plant-life and animals in the ocean.The research was important for understanding what might happen in other oceans around the world in the future, as a result of climate change.
Ann Daniel became one of the world's leading professional polar explorers in 1996.Despite(尽管) her previous experience，however，Ann suffered in the freezing conditions.“It gets into your bones and never leaves you, even when you're in your tent at night，” she said.“Especially at the end of an expedition when you're totally exhausted.” Yet Ann successfully guided her companions(同伴)for 73 days and collected all the samples and information that were needed.
Helen Findlay was one of the scientists on the laboratory site based in Canada.Although it was not her first visit to the Arctic，she had never been there in winter and realised that carrying out experiments in such an extreme environment would be challenging.The laboratory tents were heated, but getting equipment to work outside while wearing gloves and thick clothes meant every job took twice as long as it would normally.
Despite the difficulties, both Ann and Helen stayed out on the ice for the whole of the project，and the results of their studies have been widely published.
【解题导语】 本文是说明文。Ann Daniel和Helen Findlay加入2010北极探险队，克服困难，成功完成科考任务。
5．Why did Ann and Helen join the 2010 Arctic expedition?
A．To do some research on the sea water.
B．To study the living situation of polar bears.
C．To observe the plant-life and animals there.
D．To experience the dangerous life in the Arctic.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第三段的描述可知，Ann和Helen加入2010北极探险队是为了研究海水中化学物质的变化以及其对海洋生物的影响。
6．What may the expedition team's work contribute to?
A．Predicting the future of oceans.
B．Finding the reasons for climate change.
C．Studying animals living in the polar region.
D．Analyzing the consequences of rising sea levels.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第三段中的“The research was important for understanding what might happen in other oceans around the world in the future, as a result of climate change.”可知，这项研究有助于理解由于气候变化未来海洋将会发生什么。
7．What do we know about Ann and Helen?
A．They were professional polar scientists.
B．They successfully carried out the project.
C．They went to the Arctic for the first time in 2010.
D．They lacked the necessary physical strength and practice.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由倒数第三段中“Yet Ann successfully guided her companions(同伴) for 73 days and collected all the samples and information that were needed.”以及最后一段中的“Ann and Helen stayed out on the ice for the whole of the project, and the results of their studies have been widely published”可知，Ann和Helen成功完成了北极科考任务。
8．What can we infer about the 2010 Arctic expedition?
A．It was dangerous though simple.
B．It was demanding but fruitful.
C．It attracted 73 explorers and scientists.
D．It aimed to build a laboratory on the ice.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由最后三段的描述可知，这次北极考察非常艰难，但卓有成效。
Ⅳ.七选五
(2019·黑龙江哈尔滨期末)
Tips to Increase Your Productivity
Do you want to get more done in your day? Of course you do.__1__The good news is that everyone can increase the amount of tasks they accomplish in a day.Here are some tips to help you have a more productive day.
Make a plan for your day.Make sure you know how you want your day to go in advance, even before you start.__2__ To work best，create the next day's plan the night before so that every morning you spend time performing，not planning.
Break large tasks down into bits accomplished easily.Do you have a large project that's just so big that you keep putting it off? Or maybe you're just unsure of where to begin, so you put it off.__3__ Therefore，you will feel a sense of accomplishment as you check the items of your list.
Always set your priorities (优先事项)．__4__ Figure out what must be done, do that first and rank the rest of your work according to importance.If you don't get to the items at the end of your list，it won't be a big problem, and you can do them another time.
__5__ If you are the most productive in the morning，that's when you should hit it hard and do as much as you can.If you work better in the afternoon, take care of some things like emails in the morning and then accomplish the important projects in the afternoon.Keep on top of your work habits, and you'll be more productive.
A．Reward yourself if you are productive.
B．Be aware of when you are the most productive.
C．This can provide you a road map for the day.
D．It's tough to meet depressed people who are productive.
E．It's important to accomplish the most important tasks first.
F．A good way is to break the project down into more manageable ones.
G．To stay competitive in any industry, you need to improve your productivity.
【解题导语】 本文是说明文，主要阐述了如何提高生产效率，如为一天的工作制订一个计划，把大任务分成小任务，优先完成最重要的事情，了解一天中你工作效率最高的时间。
1．解析：选G 根据下文中的“Here are some tips to help you have a more productive day.”可知，空处是解释为何要提高生产力的，G项“To stay competitive in any industry，you need to improve your productivity.”符合文意。故选G。
2．解析：选C 根据上文中的“Make a plan for your day.”可知，C项的“a road map for the day”与此相呼应。故选C。
3．解析：选F 根据上文中的“Break large tasks down into bits accomplished easily.”可知，这里介绍的一个好方法是将大任务分成容易完成的小任务。故选F。
4．解析：选E 空后的“Figure out what must be done，do that first and rank the rest of your work according to importance.”与E项“It's important to accomplish the most important tasks first.”相呼应，都是在说明首先完成最重要的任务。故选E。
5．解析：选B 根据空后的“If you are the most productive in the morning”可知，要知道自己什么时候工作效率高，这与选项B中的“the most productive”相呼应。故选B。
课件85张PPT。 Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2 语篇理解in the crater of a dead volcano F F F T largestdiversityappreciationrewardstorybathingbirthfatherguaranteelastingand the people of China visitors from all over the world The land varies is if 否定祈使句 目的状语 记单词 记短语 记句型 3 基础梳理tremble
diverse
guarantee
candidateprecious
uncomfortableunconsciousshootshotappreciationanxiousanxietypanicpanickedglance through
be home to...
be rewarded withvary from...to... 生产；产生
有……的天赋
大体上说来；一般说来
拾起；收听；(无意中)学会；顺便接Having heard only to see lying unconscious surroundedvaries in height from tois home to not onlybut alsoIt is said that had a great gift foras deep and lasting as研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析was shot shot shot shot at shoot is anxious to is anxious about am anxious that anxiety glanced throughglance overAt first glanceglanced at/took a glance atglanced atat first glanceglanced throughvarious Varieties vary vary vary in size and comfort with a variety of guarantee you success guarantee that are guaranteed for is guaranteed guarantee to find making to be told only to discover was informed that I wasn't admitted by Peking University I learned that she had goneabroad a week before reported to have acted that It is said that he has passed the driving test He is said to have passed the driving test 随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练anicuaranteearieshootinguncomfortablepreciousnovelistscandidatesonly to findIt is expected thatdid it get us close to natureleaving his familygive a guarantee/guarantee thatword部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，making (make) air conditioning unnecessary.
2．(天津卷改编)Having_worked ( work ) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
3．(福建卷改编)Having_spent ( spend ) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
4．(江西卷改编)Having_spent (spend) nearly all our money，we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) China's approach to protecting its environment while feeding(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
6．A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city，killing(kill) all the four people on board.
7．Once visiting(visit) this city, you'll find that there are so many surprises waiting for you to discover.
8．Love is a beautiful song，bringing(bring)us wild joy and happiness.
9．We often talk about English language teaching，forgetting(forget) that it is the learning that really matters.
10．Facing(face) a tough challenge, the Chinese women's volleyball team won an Olympic gold medal in Rio.
Ⅱ.语法填空
One night，Jane was riding to home 1.____________ she suddenly saw Tom.
“Why are you here，Tom？” Jane asked.To her astonishment，Tom said，“Hi，good morning！”
2．____________(look) at the sky，Jane saw many 3.____________(shine) stars and made sure that it was dark.“Why did you say‘good morning’？ You seem to be 4.____________(drink)，Tom.How did you get here？” Jane felt it strange.
“5.____________ (catch) in the rain，I got a cold，” Tom replied.“I had to find a place to shelter from the rain.6.____________(walk) along the street，I saw this bar.”
“What happened next？” Jane couldn't help asking.
“I drank a lot of wine.” Tom said.
“When did you come here and how are you feeling now？”Jane felt a little worried.
“Maybe 9 o'clock in the morning，I suppose.It seems that I feel a little bit better now.”
“Oh，my goodness! You 7.____________(sit) here for a whole day.But why didn't you go home? The rain stopped several hours ago.”Jane couldn't understand.
“8.____________(seat) at the table，I 9.____________(wait) for you.”
“Why？” Jane felt more puzzled.
“Frankly 10.____________(speak)，I don't have enough money to pay the bill.” Tom replied，laughing.
“Fine.Anyway，it's nice to know you are OK.”Jane said a moment later，sighing with a relief.
1．解析：“Sb.was doing sth.when...”为固定句型，when为并列连词。
答案：when
2．解析：分析句子结构可知，空处所在部分在句中作状语，主语Jane与动词look之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用look的现在分词形式。
答案：Looking
3．解析：空处作定语修饰stars，且stars与shine之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式作定语。动词shine意为“发光”，shining stars意为“闪烁的星星”。
答案：shining
4．解析：根据语境及句子结构可知，此处应用drink的过去分词形式作表语，意为“(酒)醉”。
答案：drunk
5．解析：空处所在部分在句中作原因状语，且catch与主语I之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，该动作发生在主句动作前，故用现在分词的被动式的完成式。be caught in意为“遭遇(下雨等)”。
答案：Having been caught
6．解析：空处所在部分在句中作状语，且主语I与动词walk之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词walk的现在分词形式。
答案：Walking
7．解析：句子缺少谓语，且根据语境可知，sit这个动作已经持续了一整天，故应用现在完成进行时。
答案：have been sitting
8．解析：空处所在部分在句中作状语，seat意为“(使)就座”，与主语I之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用seat的过去分词形式。
答案：Seated
9．解析：此处表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时。
答案：was waiting
10．解析：frankly speaking是插入语，为固定短语，意为“坦白地说”。
答案：speaking
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park.Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park.By last year，the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States，but they were gradually displaced by human development.By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area.They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results.Deer and elk populations—major food sources(来源 ) for the wolf—grew rapidly.These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被)，which reduced plant diversity in the park.In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly.The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park's red foxes，and completely drove away the park's beavers.
As early as 1966，biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park.They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems.Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves.The U．S.Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone.Today，the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone.Elk，deer，and coyote populations are down，while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback.The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在争议了几年后黄石国家公园终于把灰狼重新引入公园，以保持公园内的生态平衡。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．Wildlife research in the United States.
B．Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.
C．The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.
D．The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲了将灰狼重新引入黄石国家公园的原因以及这一举措的成效等，故选D。
2．What does the underlined word “displaced” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Tested. B．Separated.
C．Forced out. D．Tracked down.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。首先我们可以根据构词法对画线词displaced进行分析。前缀dis-的含义是“不，相反”，place作动词讲时意为“使(人)处于某位置，安置，安顿”，结合两个部分的意思可以推断出画线词的意思为“使……离开……”。再结合语境可知，曾经黄石国家公园里有灰狼，但后来由于人类的发展，灰狼数量逐渐减少，几乎消失了。因此可以推出，displaced意为“迫使离开”，故选C。
3．What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?
A．Damage to local ecology.
B．A decline in the park's income.
C．Preservation of vegetation.
D．An increase in the variety of animals.
解析：选A 推理判断题。第三段提到由于灰狼的消失，鹿和麋鹿的数量快速增长，消耗了大量的植被，减少了植物种类。同时丛林狼的数量也快速增加，园内的很多红狐被猎杀，而河狸也完全消失了。由此推断出灰狼的消失对公园内的生态环境造成了损害。故选A。
4．What is the author's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project?
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Disapproving. D．Uncaring.
解析：选B 观点态度题。根据第五段最后一句中的“a valuable experiment”可知，作者认为这项工程很有价值，因此他的态度应当是积极肯定的。故选B。
B
Surviving Hurricane Sandy (飓风桑迪)
Natalie Doan,14，has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway，New York.Living just a few blocks from the beach，Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house.“It's the ocean that makes Rockaway so special，” she says.
On October 29,2012，that ocean turned fierce.That night，Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast，and Rockaway was hit especially hard.Fortunately, Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridges closed.
When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins.Many of Natalie's friends had lost their homes and were living far away.All around her，people were suffering，especially the elderly.Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
In the following few days，the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys.Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.
“My mom tells me that I can't control what happens to me，” Natalie says.“but I can always choose how I deal with it.”
Natalie's choice was to help.
She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick，who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down.Within days, Patrick's collection was replaced.
In the coming months，her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher，who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard.Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway.Her efforts made her a famous person.Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.
Today，the scars(创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway，but hope is in the air.The streets are clear，and many homes have been rebuilt.“I can't imagine living anywhere but Rockaway，” Natalie declares.“My neighborhood will be back，even stronger than before.”
【解题导语】 这是一篇记叙文。本文的主人公——14岁的女孩娜塔莉——主动参与重建遭受飓风重创的家乡。她建立了一个网站，为外界的捐赠者和家乡需要帮助的人结对，同时帮助很多孩子实现了自己的梦想。她应邀到白宫，并被授予荣誉称号。
5．When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found ________.
A．some friends had lost their lives
B．her neighborhood was destroyed
C．her school had moved to Brooklyn
D．the elderly were free from suffering
解析：选B 细节理解题。由题干的“returned...after the hurricane”可知，答案应该在第三段。娜塔莉一家在飓风过后回到家乡，发现街区已变为废墟(neighborhood in ruins)，很多朋友失去了家园，并且住到了很远的地方。人们都在遭受苦难，特别是老年人。从这些信息可知选B。
6．According to Paragraph 4，who inspired Natalie most?
A．The people helping Rockaway rebuild.
B．The people trapped in high-rise buildings.
C．The volunteers donating money to survivors.
D．Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第四段第一句中的“the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie”可知选A。
7．How did Natalie help the survivors?
A．She gave her toys to other kids.
B．She took care of younger children.
C．She called on the White House to help.
D．She built an information sharing platform.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第七段可知，娜塔莉建立了一个网站，让捐助者与需要帮助的人通过这个网站建立联系，以此来帮助他们，因此选D。
8．What does the story intend to tell us?
A．Little people can make a big difference.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．East or west, home is best.
D．Technology is power.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。本题给出的四句谚语的含义依次为：“小人物也有大作为”“患难之友才是真正的朋友”“金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝”“技术就是力量”。本文介绍的是14岁的小女孩娜塔莉如何帮助家乡的重建工作，因此选A。
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2019·河南郑州一中期中考试)
假设你是某旅行社的一名导游，请根据下面内容用英语向外宾介绍少林寺的基本情况。
1．位于河南省登封市；
2．少林武术的摇篮；
3．建于公元495年，位于嵩山中部；
4．以少林功夫闻名，尤其是在唐代；
5．中国最大的佛塔群。
注意：
1．开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．词数100左右。
参考词汇：佛塔pagoda 摇篮cradle
Welcome to Shaolin Temple.Would you like to know something about it?
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One possible version：
Welcome_to_Shaolin_Temple.Would_you_like_to_know_something_about_it?
Shaolin Temple is located in Dengfeng City of Henan Province.It is the birthplace of Zen Buddhism in China as well as the cradle of China's Shaolin Wushu.
Shaolin Temple was founded in 495 A．D.and it is situated in the heart of Songshan Mountain，the middle one of Five Famous Mountains in China.
Shaolin Temple is famous for its Shaolin kung fu.Shaolin kung fu obtained its great reputation especially during the Tang Dynasty.
About 300 meters in the west of Shaolin Temple, there stands the largest-scale group of pagodas in China, which are the treasures for research on China's ancient brick-and-stone buildings.
课件44张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing动词-ing形式作状语第一板块单元语法Having worked Having collected Looking working using meeting attracting Having failed Having been translated Not having received Arriving interrupting Having convinced Not having rid filling Having worked know→knowing Felt→Feeling speak→speaking made→making pointed→pointing caused→causing Learning that you are very interested in Chinese history when speaking English causing serious harm Hearing this Entering the classroom 介绍旅游景点第二板块单元写作be located in
at home and abroad
five main peaks
at the foot of the mountain
attract your attention
on the way to
enjoy beautiful scenesis located in is famous at home and abroad as one of each of them At the foot of the mountain attract your attention look out over a sea of clouds on foot taking the ropeway beautiful scenes Located in Huayin city, Shanxi Province each of which has an unusual story Arriving at the top word部分： 请做： 课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块课件28张PPT。单元要点归纳提升appoint sb.(as/to be) ．..
appoint sb.to...
appoint sb.to do sth.
have an appointment with
make an appointment
keep/break an appointmentappointment suits matchfitsuitablesuitable in actual fact/as a matter of fact/in fact
Actuallyactually be anxious about/for
be anxious to do sth.
be anxious for sth.
be anxious that...anxiously anxiety is anxious aboutforget into a panic
be in a panic
panic over/about...
got into a panichave/show appreciation of
show / express one's appreciation ofI would appreciate it ifappreciation guarantee to do sth.
guarantee sb.sth.
under guaranteeI guarantee (that) you'll love this film.make way for
give way to
be/stand in one's/the way
feel
wind
pushmake made our waymake his wayvary from place to place
vary from person to person
vary with the season
a variety of/varieties ofSb.was on the point of doing...when...Sb.was doing...when...Sb.had hardly / scarcely/just done...when...We were about to leave when it began to rain.I was doing my homework when the light went out.She had hardly/scarcely/just sat down when the doorbell rang.permittingfixedThe meeting overknife in handHaving livedhavingUnderstandingstaringbeing recognizedspeakingHaving usedcarryingsayinghaving been given单元质量评估检测卷(五)
单元质量评估检测卷(五)
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How will the man go to work since this week?
A．By car.
B．By subway.
C．By bus.
2．What is the man interested in recently?
A．Cartoons.
B．Tennis.
C．Table tennis.
3．Where does the woman put her luggage?
A．In the bedroom downstairs.
B．In the living room upstairs.
C．In the bedroom upstairs.
4．What does the woman complain about?
A．The traffic jam.
B．The flight canceled.
C．The airport service.
5．What does the man think of the place they went to last week?
A．Boring.
B．Wonderful.
C．So-so.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．Why is NOT Emma listening to the man?
A．She is worried about something.
B．She is napping.
C．She is annoying.
7．What does her daughter want to do?
A．Get a better job.
B．Move out.
C．Get a better apartment.
8．What is the man's opinion?
A．Emma should live with her daughter.
B．Emma should learn to accept the situation.
C．Emma should talk with her daughter.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．When will the man arrive in San Francisco?
A．At 5?30 a．m..
B．At 7?30 a．m..
C．At 8?15 a．m..
10．How long does he plan to stay there?
A．About 10 days.
B．About 15 days.
C．About 20 days.
11．Who might the woman be?
A．His wife.
B．A travel agent.
C．A flight attendant.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What is the man doing?
A．Renting a car.
B．Booking a room.
C．Checking out.
13．How much should the man pay for the room?
A．$300.
B．$450.
C．$600.
14．Where did the man go last night?
A．A concert.
B．The beach.
C．A shopping mall.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Who kept the $150 in the end?
A．The woman.
B．The police.
C．The owner of the wallet.
16．What happened when the man was waiting to pay for groceries?
A．His wallet had been stolen.
B．He had no money with him.
C．He didn't bring enough money.
17．Where did he find his $100?
A．In his jacket pocket.
B．In his wallet.
C．In the washing machine.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Who might the speaker be?
A．A customer.
B．A manager.
C．A staff member.
19．What is the main advantage of a corner shop?
A．Low prices.
B．Friendly staff.
C．Not having to pay immediately.
20．What is the biggest disadvantage of a supermarket?
A．Too many products to choose from.
B．Some goods may not be fresh.
C．Need to wait in line to pay.
录音材料：
Text 1
W: Shelton, how do you go to work these days?
M: I sometimes go by subway.①But this week I will drive to work.
Text 2
W: What do you show your interest in after school?
M: Well, as a matter of fact, I'm crazy about cartoons.②But presently I am addicted into tennis.
Text 3
W: Hill! Time for leaving for the airport. Will you get the luggage for me?
M: Where is it?
W: ③It's put in the bedroom upstairs.
Text 4
M: Hurry up and you'll make it in time for your flight.
W: ④Not if there's a traffic jam. I hate hearing “Sorry, your flight has been canceled” when I arrive the airport in a hurry.
Text 5
W: We'd better find some place more interesting to visit this weekend. That place we went to last week is not better than we expected.
M: Really？⑤I think the place we visited last week is very beautiful.
Text 6
M: And then we'll go for coffee. Is that OK with you, Emma? Emma? Are you listening to me?
W: What? Oh, sorry. What did you say?
M: ⑥What's the matter, Emma? You seem pretty worried.
W: It's my daughter.⑦She wants to move out and get her own apartment.
M: Does she have a job?
W: Yeah, she actually has a good job. I don't know. I just don't like the idea.
M: Frankly, Emma，⑧I think you should learn to live with it.
Text 7
W: ?Okay, we're all set.
M: Great.
W: Your flight number ⑩on August 3rd is UA 796 from Hong Kong to San Francisco. You leave Hong Kong at 11?30 a．m. ⑨and arrive in San Francisco the same day at 8?15 a．m. local time.
M: 8?15 a．m.. Okay.
W: Now, for the return flight, you've got two choices. The first is UA797，⑩which leaves from San Francisco at 5?30 a．m. on August 23rd and arrives in Hong Kong at 12?30 p．m. on August 24th.
M: All right.
W: ?Or you can take UA763, which leaves San Francisco at 7?30 a．m., stops in Tokyo at 10?30 a．m. on August 24th, departs at 5?30 p．m., and arrives in Hong Kong at 10?30 p．m. on the 24th.
M: Wow, that's a long flight.
Text 8
W: Good morning, sir. Can I help you?
M: ?I'd like to check out. My name is Neil Green. I stayed in Room 124.
W: OK, Mr.Green. Well, ...Sorry to have kept you waiting. Here's your bill. The total is $950.
M: $950! Is there a mistake?
W: Please check the bill carefully and see if there's any mistake.
M: Of course, I'll check it.?The room is $150 per day. I stayed for 3 days. The car is rented by the day. The charge is $200 per day. I used it for 2 days. I just drove to the shopping mall and the beach.
W: In any case, you're expected to pay for extra hours and miles. I understand that you rented the car by the day，?but last night you went to a concert, which means an extra charge of $100.
M: Your car charge is much higher than I imagined.
Text 9
W: Did I ever tell you about the time I found $150?
M: No. What happened?
W: I was walking down the street when I saw a wallet just lying there. I picked it up, and it had about $150 in it.
M: What happened? Did you keep the money?
W: No. I called the police. They came over and picked it up.
M: Good for you. That was really honest of you.
W: I had a nice surprise three months later. ?The police gave me the money. They didn't find the person who lost it.
M: Well, I'll never forget the time I lost a bunch of money.
W: What happened?
M: I was waiting to pay for some groceries, ?but I realized that my wallet was empty! I was sure I had about $100. I was so embarrassed! I went home and searched everywhere.
W: So, did you ever find it?
M: You won't believe it. ?I found it in the washing machine the next time I did laundry. I guess it was in my pants pocket the whole time.
Text 10
If you lived in England, where would you rather go shopping, a corner shop or a supermarket? ?Corner shops are not big and you sometimes cannot find the things you want, but ??the staff there are very friendly, and they usually know what your favorite products are. They may even let you buy what you want and pay later if you do not have enough money with you. They are very nice and helpful. ?Supermarkets are much bigger than corner shops and they are better equipped. Prices there are often lower than in corner shops. However, ?many things in the supermarket are not fresh, and sometimes they sit on the shelves for a long time. Products like milk and eggs have to be kept in refrigerators, but sometimes they pass their sell-by dates. The shop assistants sometimes write a new date on the container and the product is “fresh” again. To sum up, supermarkets and corner shops both have advantages and disadvantages depending on the kind of product you want to buy.
参考答案：
1．A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.B
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Paracutin was born in Mexico in February 1943.At the end of one week Paracutin was 500 feet high，and it is now over 9,000 feet high.Today Paracutin is asleep.
What is Paracutin? It was the first volcano in the world which was seen from its birth right up to the present day.On February 20,1943，a peasant and his wife set out to work in their cornfields from the Mexican village of Paracutin.They were surprised to find the earth warm under their feet.Suddenly they heard noises deep in the earth and a small hole appeared in their fields.In the afternoon there was a sudden loud noise and stones were thrown high in the air.The peasants ran from the field and turned to watch.They saw the birth of a volcano.
Large quantities of stone and lava broke out and a little hill began to form.By evening this hill was 100 feet high and hot ashes were falling on the village.At night the strong light of the hot lava lit up the countryside.The trees near the village were killed and the villagers had to leave their houses.
When the village was destroyed，its name was given to the volcano.The news quickly reached Mexico City，far to the east.Many people came to watch the scene.The volcano grew and grew for ten years and hundreds of square miles of forest were destroyed.Then Paracutin went to sleep.
【解题导语】 文章讲述了一座火山是如何形成的。
21．In this passage the writer is trying to ________.
A．tell us an interesting happening
B．explain a scientific theory
C．make us believe something
D．make up an interesting story
解析：选A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者要告诉我们一件有趣的事情，一座火山竟然从脚底下冒了出来。
22．What can we learn about volcanoes from this passage?
A．New volcanoes may appear in places where people do not expect them to be.
B．Volcanoes are always growing.
C．Volcanoes are active from time to time.
D．New volcanoes are active for only ten years.
解析：选A 推理判断题。从第二段第四、五句话“They were surprised to find...Suddenly they heard noises...in their fields.”可以推知火山也许会在人们没有预料到的地方冒出来。
23．What was destroyed in the growing up of the volcano?
A．The little hill of stones.
B．The villagers living nearby.
C．The forests and fields around Paracutin.
D．The Mexican peasant and his wife.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话和最后一段倒数第二句话可知。
24．Paracutin was once the name of ________.
A．a peasant B．a village
C．an old mountain D．a Mexican
解析：选B 细节理解题。由最后一段第一句话可知，“当这个村子被毁之后，它的名字就成了火山的名字”。故Paracutin曾经是个村名。
B
Animals and Earthquakes
Scientists who try to predict earthquakes have got some new helpers recently—animals.
That's right，animals.Scientists have begun to catch on to what farmers have known for thousands of years.Animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming，and they show their fear by acting in strange ways.Before a Chinese quake in 1975 snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freeze to death in the cold air.Cows broke their halters (缰绳) and tried to escape.Chickens refused to enter their coops.All of these unusual behaviors，as well as physical changes in Earth，alerted Chinese scientists to the coming quake.They moved people away from the dangerous area and saved thousands of lives.
One task for scientists today is to learn exactly which types of animals' behavior predict quakes.It's not an easy job.First of all，not every animal can react to the danger of an earthquake.Just before a California quake in 1977，for example，an Arabian horse became very nervous and tried to break out of his stall.The horse next to it，however，remained perfectly calm.It's also difficult at times to tell the difference between normal animals' restless and “earthquake nerves”．A zoo keeper once called earthquake researchers to say that his cougar (美洲狮) had been acting strangely.It turned out that the cat had an upset stomach!
A second task for scientists is to find out exactly what kind of warnings the animals receive.They know that animals sense far more of the world than humans do.Many animals can see，hear，and smell things that people do not even notice.Some can detect tiny changes in air pressure，gravity，or the magnetism (磁力) of Earth.This extra sense probably helps animals predict quakes.
【解题导语】 科学家们试图通过地震前一些动物会出现的奇怪的行为来预测地震。
25．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Animals don't know when an earthquake is coming.
B．Animals can predict earthquakes.
C．The author doesn't know whether the animals can feel the coming of an earthquake or not.
D．Human beings have to move the animals away before an earthquake is coming.
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第二段第三句话“Animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming”可知，动物能够预测地震。
26．From the passage，which of the following statements may NOT happen before an earthquake?
A．Snakes freeze to death in the cold open air.
B．Chickens refuse to enter into coops.
C．Cows break their halters and try to escape.
D．Birds fly all over the sky.
解析：选D 细节理解题。第二段中的“Before a Chinese quake in 1975 snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freeze to death in the cold air.Cows broke their halters(缰绳)and tried to escape.Chickens refused to enter their coops.”提到了A、B、C三项的内容，没有提到D项的内容。
27．How do all the animals exactly know when an earthquake is coming?
A．By their extra senses.
B．By the changes in air pressure，gravity or the magnetism.
C．People don't know exactly.
D．The passage doesn't mention it.
解析：选C 细节理解题。从第三段的美洲狮和最后一段可看出，只是某些动物能够在地震前出现奇怪行为，但是，并没有确切地发现所有的动物怎样知道什么时候发生地震。
28．The author's purpose is mainly to ________.
A．express an argument
B．make a serious proposal
C．present a discovery
D．express suspicions
解析：选C 主旨大意题。作者的目的在于呈现一种新的发现：科学家们试图通过地震前一些动物会出现奇怪的行为来预测地震。
C
The 2017 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)，also known as the Nation's Report Card，was released on April 10,2018.The report is based on tests of students across the United States.The Department of Education organized the testing.
Among the report's findings was that only about one-third of 8th-grade students were considered proficient(熟练的)in reading and maths.The Department of Education defines proficiency as “solid academic performance”．It says students who reach this level have a good knowledge of the subject and can use their knowledge in real-world situations.
About 40 percent of 4th-graders were found to be proficient in reading and maths.The report found just 25 percent of 12th-grade students had maths proficiency，while 37 percent reached that level in reading.In science,38 percent of 4th-graders were considered proficient，while about 34 percent of 8th-graders reached that level.
Results_of_the_latest_Report_Card_were_similar_to_other_reports_released_in_recent_years.In a statement，U.S.Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos said the latest study shows that much can be done to improve the nation's education system.
DeVos said she was concerned the latest assessment found major differences between the highest-and lowest-performing students.These differences were widening，she said，although billions of dollars had been spent in an effort to reduce them.
DeVos praised the state of Florida for being“one bright spot”in the latest Report Card.She said Florida students showed“significant improvement”in 4th-and 8th-grade maths，and 8th-grade reading.
Carissa Miller is head of the Council of Chief State School Officers.She said，“The assessment shows much work needs to be done to prepare students at all levels for college，careers and life.It is clear we as a country must do better by all of our students，especially our lowest-performing children.Some students fall too far behind in their studies and we need to help them.”
【解题导语】 NAEP是一项对美国学生多个学科能力的评估。最近的一项评估显示，美国学生在数学、阅读、科学方面的成绩并没有明显的进步。
29．According to the new report's findings，________.
A．8th-graders performed better than 12th-graders in reading tests
B．12th-graders performed worse than 4th-graders in maths tests
C．4th-graders performed the worst in both reading and maths tests
D．4th-graders performed worse in science tests than 8th-graders
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第三段“About 40 percent of 4th-graders were found to be proficient in reading and maths.The report found just 25 percent of 12th-grade students had maths proficiency...”可知，在数学这一科上，测试结果是四年级学生的成绩比十二年级学生的成绩好。
30．The underlined sentence suggests that ________.
A．American students' reading scores significantly improved last year
B．American students' maths scores have steadily improved in recent years
C．there has been little or no improvement in U．S.students' reading scores in recent years
D．significant changes in reading and maths scores were found among U．S.students
解析：选C 句意理解题。文中给出最近一次评估中数学、科学、阅读学科的考试结果。然后说与近几年的结果相似。也就是说，在这些科目上，学生的成绩并没有大的提高。所以C项正确。
31．What can we learn from Betsy DeVos's words?
A．She was optimistic about the results of the 2017 NAEP.
B．The government didn't invest enough funds in education.
C．Overall，Florida students did well in the national testing.
D．4th-graders in Florida got much higher scores in maths and reading than before.
解析：选C 细节理解题。倒数第二段“DeVos praised the state of Florida for being ‘one bright spot’ in the latest Report Card.”暗指佛罗里达州的学生比其他州的学生表现好。由“She said Florida students showed ‘significant improvement’ in 4th-and 8th-grade maths，and 8th-grade reading.”可知，佛罗里达州4年级和8年级学生数学成绩有很大提高，8年级学生阅读成绩也有很大进步。
D
Human voices develop as the individual ages，and it appears to be the same for North Atlantic right whales.
In a study published in Animal Behaviour，scientists examined 986 high-quality calls from 49 individual North Atlantic right whales between the ages of one month and 37 years.These were collected from 1999 to 2016 in the Bay of Fundy，Cape Cod Bay，and off the south-eastern U．S.coast.
The calls made by whales less than a year old were shorter and less structured.Then，as they matured，their calls became clearer，with better defined structure and longer call duration (持续时间)．This pattern is similar to that of humans and other animals.The changes in their sounds don't stop when a female right whale reaches sexual and physical maturity at about 9 and for males around 15.The calls continue to develop as the animal ages，decades after it is mature.
“The frequency and duration of these calls may be able to tell us about body weight and size，and physical condition，” said Sofie Van Parijs，leader of the study.
In the study，the most noticeable changes in the whale calls occurred between the first and second years of life.When they were less than a year old，the whales made highly distinctive and chaotic (混乱的) calls.By their second year，although the calls were still short and chaotic，they more closely resembled adult calls.Then，between the ages of two and eight，the whale calls exhibited less chaos and increased control over the sounds，possibly showing a need to distinguish between individual animals.
Right whales show flexibility in sound production，as they respond to changes in background noise by changing their frequency and call amplitude (振幅) in noisy environments.Scientists also found that right whales produced higher rates of sounds when they were just travelling than when they were looking for food.
“This is the first evidence for similarities in voice changes between humans and a long-lived whale species，” said Van Parijs.“It is exciting，but we have a lot more work to do to understand how possible physical changes，social learning and environmental influences impact right whale communication.”
【解题导语】 科学家对历时十七年收集的露脊鲸的叫声进行研究，有了一些发现。
32．What can we learn about the study on calls of right whales?
A．They were recorded in the same year.
B．They were made by nearly one thousand whales.
C．The earliest calls were gathered in 1999.
D．Most of the calls were made by mature whales.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第二段中“These were collected from 1999 to 2016...”可知，科学家研究的是1999年至2016年所收集的露脊鲸的叫声。所以，被研究的声音最早是1999年被收集的。所以C项正确。
33．What did scientists find about the sounds made by right whales?
A．Female right whales make clearer sounds than males.
B．The sounds keep changing until shortly after they mature.
C．The sounds continue to change even long after they mature.
D．There are no obvious differences between two whales of the same age.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段可知，露脊鲸并没有在成熟期停止变声，而是在成熟几十年后，叫声还在发生着变化。所以C项正确。
34．What can we learn from the study?
A．A one-year-old whale and a two-year-old one make quite different sounds.
B．A two-year-old whale and a three-year-old one make quite different sounds.
C．Two adult whales of different sexes make quite different sounds.
D．After two years old，the sounds made by whales change noticeably.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第五段“In the study，the most noticeable changes in the whale calls occurred between the first and second years of life.”可知，露脊鲸在声音上的显著的变化发生在前两年。所以A项正确。
35．The last paragraph but one shows that ________.
A．right whales don't have much control over their sounds
B．right whales make more sounds in noisy environments
C．the size of right whales influences the sounds they make
D．the call rates of right whales are influenced by their behavior
解析：选D 推理判断题。由倒数第二段“...right whales produced higher rates of sounds when they were just travelling than when they were looking for food.”可知，露脊鲸只是在游动时比在觅食时发声频率更高。所以，露脊鲸发声的频率受其行为的影响。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all like to think we have good table manners，but what you consider appropriate table manners may actually be considered rude in another country！Let's explore some strange table manners around the world.
Most people believe that it is bad manners to slurp (出声地吃或喝)or hold your soup bowl up to your mouth.__36__ Slurping in Japan is an indication that the food is good.Therefore，in Japan，slurping is considered polite.
__37__In some cultures，finishing all the food on your plate is a sign that your host did not provide you with enough food.Filipinos，Koreans and Thais will all think like this.In many cases your host will continue to serve you each time you clear your plate.For Japanese people，however，finishing all the food on one's plate is a sign to the host that the meal is complete and that you appreciate the meal.
__38__ This is a belief in many Asian countries，including Thailand，Japan and China.It's considered taboo (禁忌) because during funerals，bowls of rice with chopsticks sticking in them are offered to the dead.
Don't cut your salad with a knife in France.Proper etiquette (礼节) in France when eating a salad is to fold the salad leaves onto your fork if they are too big to put in your mouth.You should never cut your salad with a knife.__39__
Pay attention to forks.Have you ever been to a fancy western restaurant，not sure which fork to use？__40__ In Thai culture the proper way to enjoy Thai food is with a spoon in your right hand and a fork in your left.Some countries don't even use forks but rather eat with their hands，like India，Nepal and Pakistan.
A．That isn't true in Japan.
B．It's the one furthest from your plate.
C．You must finish the food on your plate.
D．Should you finish all the food on your plate?
E．You may use your fork to eat something like fruit.
F．Never leave your chopsticks sticking in a bowl of rice.
G．This rule is taught to many French children from an early age.
【解题导语】 餐桌礼仪很重要。但是，有时在一个国家被认可的一种行为在另一个国家可能被认为是不礼貌的。
36．解析：选A 空前一句说的是很多人认为出声喝汤是坏习惯，空后说的是在日本出声喝汤是在表示食物的味道好，因此在日本这样做是礼貌的行为。A项可以承上启下，说明日本的情况与前面所说国家的情况不同。
37．解析：选D 第三段说的是在有些国家，吃光盘子里的食物意味着没吃饱，而在另一些国家，这样做则表示你用餐完毕，并且对用餐很满意。所以主要讨论的是是否要吃光自己盘子里的食物。
38．解析：选F 由下文可知，在很多亚洲国家自己用的筷子叉在米饭上是一种禁忌。所以F项符合语境。
39．解析：选G 倒数第二段主要说的是在法国不要用刀子切沙拉。G选项中的This rule指不用刀子切沙拉这条规则。即很多法国的孩子很小就学了这个礼仪。
40．解析：选B 上一句在问是不是不知道用哪个叉子，然后回答用哪个叉子。所以B项符合语境。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The ice sheets in the poles and glaciers on the high mountains are melting and the world is in danger of __41__ .While you were surprised by the special __42__，you know that it is just a made-up story and there will be a hero to save the world.But what if the ice sheets are really __43__？ Can anyone save us?
__44__ to a scientific study last Monday，Arctic ice will completely__45__ in the summers by the end of this century unless carbon dioxide emissions are greatly __46__.
“The big melt has begun，” said Jennifer Morgan，from the Climate Change Campaign for the World Wildlife Fund (WWF)．Arctic __47__ are rising at twice the global __48__ and could rise seven degrees centigrade by 2100.
The melting will cause sea levels to rise __49__ one meter，forcing many coastal populations __50__ .“The polar bear is one __51__ of animals that could become extinct by the end of this century，”the WWF said.__52__，on the positive side，rising sea levels __53__ open up new areas for fishing and oil and gas exploration.
“Industrial countries are __54__ an uncontrolled experiment to study the effects of __55__change.The Arctic is their first victim，” Morgan said.
Russia this month __56__ the Kyoto Protocol，an agreement to cut production of six greenhouse gases.But the US，the biggest polluter，__57__ to do so.In 2002,104 countries，__58__China，accepted the agreement.
The new __59__ was sponsored (倡议) by a group of industrial countries，including the US and Canada，__60__ produce almost 30 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions.
【解题导语】 全文讲述了温室气体导致的全球变暖带来的影响，尤其是全球变暖对冰层融化、海平面上升造成的影响。
41．A.snowing B．flooding
C．watering D．raining
解析：选B 两极的冰层和高山上冰川的融化会让世界处于洪水泛滥的危险之中。
42．A.catastrophe B．luck
C．famine D．existence
解析：选A 尽管你对这特别的浩劫感到惊讶，但是你知道这仅仅是一个人为编造的故事，并且总会有一个英雄来拯救世界。
43．A.smelling B．smoking
C．cooking D．melting
解析：选D 与第一句话呼应，“但如果冰层真的融化会怎样呢？”
44．A.According B．Looking forward
C．Used D．Seeing
解析：选A according to“根据”，固定短语，符合句意。 look forward to“盼望”；used to“过去常常”；see to“负责”。
45．A.renew B．manage
C．await D．disappear
解析：选D 句意：北极的冰将完全“消失”。disappear“消失”，符合语境。
46．A.increased B．reduced
C．died D．raised
解析：选B 根据句意“如果二氧化碳的排放不大量减少的话，到本世纪末北极的冰川将完全消失”可知应选B项。
47．A.size B．temperatures
C．length D．weight
解析：选B 由后半句“...rise seven degrees centigrade by 2100”可知本句讲的是“温度”，且只有B项是复数，与空格后的are相对应。
48．A.special B．normal
C．average D．abstract
解析：选C 此处表示“北极的气温在以全球平均气温两倍的速度增长”。
49．A.by B．on
C．in D．to
解析：选A rise by可表示“上升了”，适合语境。
50．A.to be moved B．move
C．to move D．moved
解析：选C force sb./sth.to do sth.“迫使某人/某物做某事”；coastal populations与move之间为主谓关系，故不定式用主动形式即可。
51．A.pattern B．mode
C．style D．example
解析：选D 北极熊就是本世纪末濒临灭绝的动物中的一个例子。
52．A.However B．And
C．So D．Or
解析：选A 表转折关系，话题由冰层融化、海平面上升的负面影响转向了其正面影响。
53．A.should B．will
C．may D．ought to
解析：选B will强调“将来”的情形。should与ought to强调“应该是；十有八九”；may暗含不确定性。
54．A.carrying forward B．carrying out
C．carrying on D．carrying about
解析：选B carry out a /an...experiment“进行一个……实验”。
55．A.sky B．weather
C．climate D．atmosphere
解析：选C 全文讲述了温室气体导致的全球变暖带来的影响，尤其是全球变暖对冰层融化、海平面上升造成的影响，因此本题应该是“进行实验，对气候变化的影响进行研究”。
56．A.accepted B．received
C．got D．pushed
解析：选A 分析句子结构可知，the Kyoto Protocol是一份减少6种温室气体排放的协议；结合下文，可推知俄罗斯接受了这一协议。
57．A.agreed B．refused
C．decided D．wanted
解析：选B 但是最大的污染者美国却拒绝接受。
58．A.as well B．except
C．without D．including
解析：选D 在2002年，104个国家，包括中国，都接受了这一协议。
59．A.study B．learn
C．know D．understand
解析：选A 与第二段第一句话相呼应。
60．A.where B．when
C．how D．who
解析：选D who引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。A、B、C三项均为关系副词，不能在从句中作主语。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wildlife populations across the globe 61.________(drop) nearly 60 percent since 1970 and human activity is to blame，according to a report released by conservation 62.________(group)．
The joint report 63.________ (produce) by the World Wildlife Fund and the Zoological Society of London warned that if 64.________ current trend continued，the decline in world populations of mammals，birds，fish and amphibians could reach two thirds by 2020，an annual loss of about two percent.“Wildlife is disappearing within our lifetimes at a 65.________ (frighten) rate，” said Marco Lambertini，the director general of WWF International.
According to the report，the drastic reduction in wildlife populations can be 66.________ (direct) attributed to human development.A growing human population,67.________has more than doubled since 1960，means less room and food for other 68.________(animal) and could push them out of existence if changes aren't made.
The World Wildlife Fund and the Zoological Society of London call 69.________ everyone all over the world to do something for wildlife animals because 70.________ (protect) them is protecting ourselves.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了野生动物数量一直下降，对此我们应该付诸行动。因为保护野生动物就是保护我们自己。
61．解析：考查时态。由本句中的时间状语 since 1970可知，and前这句的时态为现在完成时；因主语为表示复数含义的Wildlife populations，故填have dropped。
答案：have dropped
62．解析：考查名词。这个报告是由保护团体发布的，团体不止一个，故此处需用group的复数形式。
答案：groups
63．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句主语为“The joint report”，谓语动词为warned，故考虑produce为非谓语动词；因“The joint report，”与produce之间为被动关系，故用produce的过去分词形式作后置定语。
答案：produced
64．解析：考查冠词。此处特指目前的这个趋势，故在current前加定冠词the。
答案：the
65．解析：考查形容词。由空后的名词rate可知，其前需用形容词作定语；frighten的形容词形式为frightening，意为“可怕的”。
答案：frightening
66．解析：考查副词。修饰动词短语be attributed to，需用副词形式，故填directly。
答案：directly
67．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词population，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填which。
答案：which
68．解析：考查名词。animal为可数名词，且由其前的other可知，此处指其他的动物，other后接复数可数名词，故填animals。
答案：animals
69．解析：考查介词。此处指号召世界上的每个人为野生动物做点事情，故本句中包含一个固定短语call on sb.to do sth.，意为“号召某人做某事”。
答案：on
70．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处填protecting与them一起在原因状语从句中作主语。
答案：protecting
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第1l处起)不计分。
With the economy of China has been developing very fast，more cars do benefit the families as well the society in many ways.With a car，it is convenient for the family members to travel to and from work.They can also drive to the countryside on the weekends.At the same time，the development of motor industry will sure give a push to many other related industries，it is obviously beneficial to the social economy.In the other hand，the boom of private cars is also causing traffic and environmental problems.Waste gas from cars are causing serious pollution to the air，which do great harm to people's health.With an increase number of cars on the roads，the traffic has become very heavily.
答案：
the economy of China has been developing very fast，more cars do benefit the families as well the society in many ways.With a car，it is convenient for the family members to travel to and from work.They can also drive to the countryside on weekends.At the same time，the development of motor industry will give a push to many other related industries， is obviously beneficial to the social economy. the other hand，the boom of private cars is also causing traffic and environmental problems.Waste gas from cars causing serious pollution to the air，which great harm to people's health.With an number of cars on the roads，the traffic has become very .
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，你的朋友Henry给你发邮件说，他想从上海出发到昆明旅行，想请你为他介绍一下沪昆高速铁路的情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1．沪昆高速铁路始建于2008年，2016年12月开通运营，主干线全长超过2,000公里，途经上海、杭州、南昌、长沙、贵阳、昆明6座城市，时速高达350公里/小时；
2．横跨大半个中国，沿路无数美景、美食；全程大约只需10个小时；
3．高铁列车设施齐全，安全舒适；
4．美中不足：票价偏高。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Dear Henry，
Knowing you want to travel from Shanghai to Kunming，I'm writing to tell you something about the Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway.
First built in 2008，the Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway went into operation in December,2016.Overall length of its main line is over 2,000 kilometers through the following six cities：Shanghai，Hangzhou，Nanchang，Changsha，Guiyang and Kunming.Its speed is up to 350km per hour，which makes it only about ten hours needed from Shanghai to Kunming.During the trip on the train，you can not only appreciate fantastic scenery but also taste delicious food.Besides，there are all kinds of facilities in the train，which make your trip safe and comfortable.
However，every coin has two sides.So is this high-speed railway，whose disadvantage is the higher train fare.
Yours，
Li Hua
