课件58张PPT。Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Pre-reading & Reading—Comprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解become addicted to stop/quit smoking 形式宾语 宾语补足语 宾语从句 不定式 宾语从句时间状语 Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2019·北京海淀区1月期末)The Chinese believe that persimmons (柿子) could not only keep off the coldness，but also strengthen (strength) the muscles and bones.
2．—It seems that Ann doesn't like the bag you bought for her the other day.
—How come? I have been told she was desperate for one of that style.
3．The Yellow River is often called the cradle of Chinese civilization.However，a third of the water is unfit even for agriculture.
4．You should keep it in mind：don't decide on important things too quickly.
5．(陕西卷改编)It's quite hot today.Do you feel like going (go) for a swim?
6．The disappointed look on his face suggested that the result was really disappointing.(disappoint)
7．(四川卷改编)New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
8．(2019·湖北荆州期末)Global warming is largely due to the burning of the fossil fuels ranging from gas to oil.
9．She was ashamed to_tell (tell) others that she had been out of work.
10．The person addicted to alcohol had much difficulty in getting rid of the addiction.(addict)
11．As is often the case，when people are attending meetings，having meals or waiting for buses，you can always find them addicted to their phones.
12．(2019·江苏宿迁期中)Mr. Wang has donated all the books he collected to our school's library，which deserves praising.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I was very disappointing to find all the tickets had been sold out when I got there.disappointing→disappointed
2．Feeling shameful，I asked her for forgiveness for what I had done and promised not to do so.shameful→ashamed
3．Because of this，she spends less time doing her homework，which makes it is possible for her to go to bed early.去掉is
4．(2019·广东中山检测)Many youngsters in China nowadays are increasingly addicted in computer games and other electronic products.第二个in→to
5．It is time that we get ready for the final examination.get→got或get前加should
6．It's a pity that he has been addicted to play games.
play→playing
Ⅲ.阅读理解
There are lots of books designed to help us succeed in our weight-loss efforts.One of the latest such books is entitled Maximise Your Body Potential：Lifetime Skills for Successful Weight Management，and is written by psychologist Joyce Nash，Ph.D.
Dr.Nash presents some interesting statistics which show that，despite the fact that as a country we are growing fatter，at any given time，tens of millions of Americans are dieting.A quarter of all adult men and nearly half of all adult women are actively trying to lose weight.
She categorizes (分类) the different stages that generally happen before the decision to try to lose weight.“Those who aren't actively dieting and are just talking about it，are stuck in either what's called the contemplation stage or the preparation stage. The contemplation stage is the one in which you want to change，but you are not quite ready; you can think of both the pros and cons of changing，but they balance each other out.In the preparation stage，you know you want to take action，you realize the pros of weight loss outweigh the cons，but you aren't sure how to begin.”
Believe it or not，Dr.Nash even says that now is not always the right time to begin a weight-loss program.“If you jump into the action stage before you've done enough thinking in the preparation stage—deciding when to do this，how to do this，and what the potential barriers are—then you can actually set yourself up for failure.That's when people who start a diet fall off it，and pretty soon arrive at the notion，‘I can't do this.I'm a failure.I'll never be able to do this.'”
Surprisingly，Dr.Nash says that about one-third of all the people who come to see a psychologist such as herself，for help with an eating disorder，are binge eaters，and they are usually overweight.
Dr.Nash explains that binge eating is “eating an amount of food that is larger than most people would eat under similar situations，and an experience of not being able to stop it or control it.”
【解题导语】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一本关于指导人们成功减肥的新书。
1．According to Dr.Nash，more and more Americans ________.
A．are asking her for help
B．are living a healthy life
C．realize they need to lose weight
D．succeed in their weight-loss efforts
解析：选C 推理判断题。 由第二段的“tens of millions of Americans are dieting...are actively trying to lose weight”可知，越来越多的美国人意识到他们需要减肥。
2．Which of the following descriptions is about the contemplation stage?
A．It refers to how to balance the pros and cons.
B．It usually happens before the preparation stage.
C．It's usually more important than the action stage.
D．It's a time when people always trust themselves.
解析：选B 细节理解题。第三段解释沉思期时你可以考虑到改变的利弊，但无法权衡出孰重孰轻，而准备期时你已能意识到减肥的利大于弊但却不知如何开始， 由此可知，沉思期一般发生在准备期之前。
3．What can we learn about Dr.Nash?
A．She has an eating disorder.
B．She used to be overweight.
C．She has a very small stomach.
D．She offers psychological guidance.
解析：选D 推理判断题。 由倒数第二段的“one-third of all the people who come to see a psychologist such as herself”可知，很多暴饮暴食者向Nash博士这样的心理学家求助，故Nash博士提供心理咨询方面的指导。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To help people start a diet.
B．To show how to lose weight.
C．To present a weight-loss program.
D．To introduce a new book on weight loss.
解析：选D 写作目的题。 由文章首段即主旨段，和下文提及Nash博士对于人们在减肥节食方面的观点可知，本文旨在介绍她写的这本关于指导人们成功减肥的新书。
Ⅳ.完形填空
People attach more and more significance to a balanced and healthy diet at the present time.When it comes to smart eating for your health，stop thinking about short-term fixes (解决方法) or simplify your life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years to come.
Smart eating goes beyond analyzing every bite of food you lift __1__ your mouth.“In the past we used to believe that __2__amounts of individual nutrients (营养物) were the __3__ to good health，” said Linda Van Horn，chair of the American Heart Association's Nutrition Committee.“But now we have a __4__understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to __5__ not only heart disease but disease __6__ general，” she adds.
Scientists now __7__ on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten __8__ several days or a week __9__ on the number of milligrams (毫克) of this or that __10__ at each meal.
Fruits，vegetables and whole grains，for example，provide nutrients and plant-based compounds (混合物)__11__ for good health.“The more we learn，the more __12__ we are by the wealth of essential substances they __13__，” Van Horn continues，“and __14__ they interact with each other to keep us healthy.”
You'll automatically be __15__ the right heart-healthy track if vegetables，fruits and whole grains __16__ three quarters of the food on your dinner plate.__17__ in the remaining one quarter with lean meat，chicken，fish or eggs.
The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to __18__ clearly contribute to your physical well-being.Without__19__，each of the small decisions you make in this realm can make a profound __20__ on your health in the years to come.
【解题导语】 本文为说明文，作者讲述了我们该如何合理地选择食物以保持身体健康。
1．A.between B．through
C．on D．to
解析：选D 考查介词。根据语境可知，明智的饮食远远不止分析你送到嘴边的每一口食物。lift...to...表示“把……举到……”，故选D。
2．A.serious B．splendid
C．specific D．separate
解析：选C 考查形容词。根据语境可知，在过去，我们常常认为，某一种营养成分的具体的量才是身体健康的关键。故选C。
3．A.key B．point
C．lead D．center
解析：选A 考查名词。the key to sth.“……的关键”。根据上一题的分析可知，应选A。
4．A.strict B．different
C．typical D．natural
解析：选B 考查形容词。根据语境可知，以前我们认为某一种营养成分的具体的量是健康的关键，而现在我们的想法有了变化，故使用different。故选B。
5．A.rescue B．prevent
C．forbid D．offend
解析：选B 考查动词。此处指我们现在认为健康的饮食不仅仅可以预防心脏病而且还可以普遍地预防其他的一些疾病。prevent在此意为“预防”。
6．A.in B．upon
C．for D．by
解析：选A 考查介词。in general“普遍地”。根据上一题的分析可知，A项正确。
7．A.turn B．put
C．focus D．carry
解析：选C 考查动词。根据语境可知，科学家们现在的关注面更为广泛，不仅关注每一餐饭所吃的这种或那种食物的量，还关注几天里或一周所吃的食物之间的平衡。turn on“打开”；put on“穿上”；focus on“关注”；carry on “继续”。故选C。
8．A.over B．along
C．with D．beyond
解析：选A 考查介词。根据上一题的分析可知此处用over，表示“在……期间”。
9．A.other than B．better than
C．more than D．less than
解析：选C 考查副词。other than“除……之外”；better than“比……好”；more than“比……多”；less than“比……少”。根据第7题分析的语境可知，C项正确。
10．A.conveyed B．consumed
C．entered D．exhausted
解析：选B 考查动词。convey“传送，运输”；consume“吃，喝”；enter“进去”；exhaust“耗尽”。根据第7题分析的语境可知，B项正确。
11．A.vital B．initial
C．valid D．radical
解析：选A 考查形容词。根据语境可知，水果、蔬菜和全谷类食物给我们提供营养物质以及植物类食物的混合物，这些对我们的健康至关重要。vital“必不可少的，极其重要的”；initial“最初的”；valid“有效的”；radical“彻底的，根本的”。故选A。
12．A.disturbed B．depressed
C．amazed D．amused
解析：选C 考查动词。根据语境可知，我们了解得越多，我们就越惊讶于它们所包含的丰富的重要物质。故选C。
13．A.retain B．contain
C．attain D．maintain
解析：选B 考查动词。retain“保留”；contain“包含”；attain“达到”；maintain“维持”。根据第12题分析的语境可知，B项正确。
14．A.who B．how
C．what D．where
解析：选B 考查疑问词。此处表示这些物质之间是如何相互作用以让我们保持健康，故B项符合语境。
15．A.at B．of
C．on D．within
解析：选C 考查介词。on the track“在轨道上”。根据语境可知，如果蔬菜、水果和全谷类食物构成了你餐盘里的四分之三的食物，那么你会自动地行走在心脏健康的正确轨道上。故选C。
16．A.make out B．make into
C．make up D．make off
解析：选C 考查动词短语。 make out“辨认清，听清”；make into“把……变成”；make up “构成”；make off “(尤指为了逃跑)匆忙离开”。根据第15题的语境分析可知，选C。
17．A.Engage B．Fill
C．Insert D．Pack
解析：选B 考查动词。根据语境可知，此处表示饭碗的另外四分之一用来装瘦肉、鸡肉、鱼或鸡蛋等。engage“吸引，雇佣”；fill“装满”；insert“插入”；pack“打包”。故选B。
18．A.divide B．hinder
C．avoid D．spoil
解析：选C 考查动词。根据语境可知，此处表示那些你选择吃的食物以及那些你选择回避的食物显然会影响你的身体健康。divide “分开”；hinder “阻碍”；avoid “避免”；spoil “糟蹋”。故选C。
19．A.difficulty B．hesitation
C．reason D．doubt
解析：选D 考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示毫无疑问，在饮食方面你做的每一个小的决定都会对接下来几年里你的健康造成深远的影响。without doubt“毫无疑问”。故选D。
20．A.outcome B．fun_ction
C．impact D．commitment
解析：选C 考查名词。outcome “结果”；fun_ction“作用”；impact“影响”；commitment “承诺，保证”。根据第19题分析的语境可知，C项正确。
Ⅴ.短文改错
Every boy and every girl are eager for success.But what can we succeed in life? Here are my opinions：
First，we must be friendly and kindly.It allows us to make friends but survive wherever we are.Second，we must set a goal，which motivates us to pursue our dreams.Third，it's better to believe in us.Only with self-confidence we realize our goals.Fourth，we should develop good characters，such as a strong will and diligence，because good qualities help us to hold on to our dreams since we get into the trouble.
As far as I'm concerning，success belongs to those who keep on trying.So let's take actions now!
答案：
Every boy and every girl eager for success.But can we succeed in life? Here are my opinions：
First，we must be friendly and .It allows us to make friends survive wherever we are.Second，we must set a goal，which motivates us to pursue our dreams.Third，it's better to believe in .Only with self-confidence we realize our goals.Fourth，we should develop good characters，such as a strong will and diligence，because good qualities help us to hold on to our dreams we get into trouble.
As far as I'm ，success belongs to those who keep on trying.So let's take now!
课件85张PPT。Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points记单词 记短语 记句型3 基础梳理abuse
ban
due
effect
breathless
quit
toughadolescent
adolescence
addicted
addictaddictiveaccustom accustomedwithdrawal
withdrawautomatic
automatically
mentalmentallyabnormal unfitstrengthendesperate
disappointedashamed stress stressfuldue to
become/be addicted to
become/be accustomed/used to
decide on
feel like sth./doing sth.放弃；戒掉
再三地；反复地
伤害；损伤
扔掉；抛弃
代替；而不是It seems amazing that As you know it was very difficult to quit Neither did I know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible it was time to quit smoking do hope so as long and healthy a life as Every time you feel like 研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析has beenabusedabused his powerThe problem of drug abuse onunderstresses the importance of are stressed Under the stress ofstressedstress the importance of stressfulsmoking from on/against to addictionplayingAddictedaddictaddicted addictiveaddictaddicted to addiction talkingtobuildingaccustomed accustom themselves to effectsside effect has a bad effect on took effect into on ineffective affect
have an effect onlie→lying feels like giving ofto admitfeel ashamedshamefulIt isa shame thatwhichAs
whichaswhich→asas→whichIt is well known that
What is well known is that
NeitherSoso do they他不能操作这台机器，我也不能。 去掉forwhat→thatEvery timeEvery timeto remind us that we all appreciate beauty 随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练businganreathlessuit
oughisappointedduementalAdolescentaddicteddesperatestrengthenEvery time my aunt came Tom does study hard now It seems certain that I find it difficult to concentrate as expensive a house as we said/should say goodbye word部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The little girl showed good judgement(judge) in telling the differences between two similar objects.
2．He often felt very embarrassed(embarrass) at being asked about his study.
3．He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
4．Don't get into the habit of depending on others.
5．He risked being_caught (catch) and killed to steal salt for the Red Army.
6．It was last night that Anne had a heavy cold.
7．His survival(survive) is still uncertain; he has been very badly hurt and may die.
8．In spite of the heavy snow，he managed to come.
9．If you don't listen to your parents' words，you'll be at risk.
10．We learned in our physics classes that everything expands if heated (heat)．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions，or you'll be at the risk.去掉第三个the
2．Wounded although his leg was，he managed to get up.although→as/though
3．I bet he was even more embarrassing than I was.
embarrassing→embarrassed
4．Judged by the look on his face，the news must have been terrible.Judged→Judging
5．He wouldn't take advice，and now he has got into the trouble.去掉the
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
With growing concerns about loneliness among younger generations in modern society，some experts now say although being in technological isolation (孤立)，American teenagers aren't feeling quite as lonely as their parents were when they were teens.
A study published Monday in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin shows a modest decline (下降) in loneliness among American high school and college students through the years 1978 to 2009.
It also shows teenagers today are less likely to join clubs and make fewer close friends than previous generations，but that doesn't leave them feeling left out.
University of Queensland and Griffith University researchers figured this out looking at statistics from several studies of high school and college students in the United States that examined teen attitudes and activities among this age group.
Young people these days，the study suggests，is relying less on others.They have less need to feel attached to a large group of friends.For example，in 1985,10% of people reported they discussed important matters with no one; in 2004,25% reported the same.At the same time，young people feel more confident about themselves.
The statistics showed female college students reported lower levels of loneliness than their male (男性的) schoolmates，although there were no big differences between male and female students.White high school students reported lower loneliness than African-American students，Hispanic students and others.
With less physical contact，yet more electronic connections than other generations，technology may have changed the type of connectedness this generation needs，at least to a point.
That's what Kimmy Ogochukwu Diei thinks.As a senior at the University of Chicago，she has had social media around all her life and she believes it has made having friends and feeling connected to them easier in many ways.Friends are just a text or message away even when she chooses to be by herself to study or work.
The only time she really feels isolated is “when I don't have my phone with me or if it has died，” Ogochukwu Diei said.Then “I do feel very isolated.”
【解题导语】 本文是说明文。研究发现当今青少年的孤独感比过去的青少年有所减轻。
1．What does the new study find?
A．Teens are less lonely than in the past.
B．Parents use less technology than teens.
C．Parents are getting more concerned about teens.
D．Teens have more close friends than their parents.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第二段可知，该研究发现当今青少年的孤独感比过去的青少年有所减轻。
2．How did the scientists get their research results?
A．By doing online interviews.
B．By collecting samples.
C．By doing experiments.
D．By analyzing statistics.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第四段可知，这些科学家是通过分析数据得出结论的。
3．The figures in Paragraph 5 show that ________.
A．youths are becoming more independent
B．people are spending more time with friends
C．young people are getting more self-confident
D．ordinary people show less interest in discussions
解析：选A 推理判断题。综合第五段段意可知，这些数据反映出年轻人越来越独立的趋势。
4．Which of the following is TRUE about the research findings?
A．College students are less lonely than high schoolers.
B．Black high schoolers are lonelier than white high schoolers.
C．Female college students are lonelier than male college students.
D．High schoolers have more physical contact than college students.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的“White high school students reported lower loneliness than African-American students”可知，非洲裔美国高中生比白人高中生更感到孤独。
B
Cosmetic surgery(整容手术) is not something to be entered into lightly.Unfortunately，in this modern world，we have become confused by very narrow(狭隘的) standards of beauty.Images of celebrities who never seem to age are seen everywhere these days.We forget the fact that most of these images are the result of super photo manipulation(处理)，driven by the incredibly powerful beauty industry.We are all different—why should we all look the same? Isn't there more to life than undergoing surgery in order to have the same boring face that everybody else wants to have?
—Dr Elisabeth McKenna，Psychologist
Yes，it's fake! That's what I told my friends when they started asking me about my nose job.I'd always been sensitive about my nose，but it took me a long time before I decided to go for cosmetic surgery.I took advice from several doctors and after careful consultation I finally decided to have it done.I had been saving money from my part-time job and my parents helped me out with the rest.It was quite expensive but I don't regret a penny of it.In fact I wish I'd had it done a few years ago.I'm sure I wouldn't have been teased so much at school.
—Debbie Caron，Student
It makes me really angry to think of the millions of people who spend a fortune on cosmetic surgery.Surgery should be carried out for medical purposes，not vanity(虚荣心)．I would rather all the money spent on cosmetic surgery was available to treat people around the world who are in need but can't get proper medical treatment.Furthermore，there are thousands of under-qualified surgeons out there who only care about getting as rich as possible as quickly as possible.They don't care about the psychological and physical damage they do.The whole industry makes me sick.We should do something to ban it.
—Danny Class, Student
【解题导语】 本文是议论文。文章引述了一位心理学博士和两位学生对整容这一话题的不同看法。
5．What can we learn from Dr Elisabeth McKenna?
A．Don't be fooled by “perfection” .
B．Cosmetic surgery often goes wrong.
C．The beauty industry needs improving.
D．It's necessary to set new standards of beauty.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第一部分的“We forget the fact that most of these images are the result of super photo manipulation(处理)”可知，我们常常看到岁月不曾在名人脸上留下痕迹，其实这都归功于照片的精细处理，故Dr Elisabeth McKenna认为不要被“完美”的假象所欺骗。
6．What did Debbie Caron's cosmetic surgery bring to her?
A．More friends. B．More worries.
C．More self-confidence. D．More job opportunities.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由第二部分的“I'd always been sensitive about my nose...I don't regret a penny of it...I'm sure I wouldn't have been teased so much at school.”可知，原本对鼻子不满意的Debbie Caron做完整容手术后有了更多的自信。
7．How does Danny Glass feel about those who have cosmetic surgery?
A．They should be ashamed.
B．They can have a new start.
C．They hurt themselves badly.
D．They should be treated as patients.
解析：选A 推理判断题。Danny Glass认为手术应以医疗为目的，而非虚荣心。他说花在整容上的钱应用在那些需要医疗帮助的人身上。故他认为那些做整容手术的人应该为自己的行为感到羞愧。
8．What would be the best title for the text?
A．A new fashion—cosmetic surgery
B．Hard talk—cosmetic surgery
C．The future of cosmetic surgery
D．The mystery of cosmetic surgery
解析：选B 标题归纳题。整容到底是好是坏，众说纷纭。本文引述了一位心理学博士和两位学生对整容这一话题的不同看法，B项的Hard talk更能说明本文是对整容的探讨。
Ⅳ.七选五
Large meals make people full and sleepy.__1__We want our children to learn，not falling asleep at their desks，so let's keep those lunches on the lighter side.You can do this if you provide them with a good breakfast.
By working beside your children and discussing what they eat for lunch，you are helping them understand the importance of whole foods and the avoidance of junk foods.__2__ As they get older these good habits will stay with them.They will learn that these types of food will help them feel better and look better and give them more energy.Try to let them see that the food choices they are making will help them feel so much better.
__3__I know of one family that actually had the food pyramid on the wall of their kitchen and it helped their children pick out what foods they wanted.Everyone got a chance to decide what to eat，but they had to pick protein，vegetables and fruit.In addition，the mother had a book with recipes for healthy foods.__4__So children knew what healthy foods they should choose.
Unlike today，when we grew up we played outside，rode our bikes，ran around，skated，and the list goes on and on.__5__ So in addition to the above healthy eating choices，you need to plan some activities for your children today other than the television or video games.
A．We didn't have TV or computer games.
B．How are children helped to choose their food?
C．You are helping them make smart informed choices.
D．Think what large meals do to your children at school.
E．What adults eat daily has a great effect on their children.
F．All of the recipes had pictures of what the food looked like.
G．The recipes for children should mainly include healthy foods.
【解题导语】 父母要从小培养孩子们选择好的食物的习惯，孩子们养成了好习惯，长大了这些好习惯仍然会发挥作用。
1．解析：选D D项与本空前后的“Large meals, at school”和“our children，at their desks”相呼应。
2．解析：选C 由本空后“As they get older these good habits will stay with them.”可知，前文讲你帮助你的孩子在食物上做出明智选择(培养好习惯)的好处。
3．解析：选B 该段主要通过一个具体事例表明如何培养孩子选择好食物的习惯。B项可作为本段主旨。
4．解析：选F F项承上启下，F选项中的“recipes”与上文中的“recipes”相呼应。说明孩子们怎样知道选择吃什么。
5．解析：选A 前文讲过去的生活条件是多么差，A项符合这层意思。最后一句“the television or video games”也有提示。
课件92张PPT。 Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2 语篇理解basic knowledge how to stay safe virusimmunebloodsexneedleinjectingcondom
the first timelooking athomosexuals kissingMosquitoes blood or sexual fluid thator
herearesafeIt is (was)．..that/who only when the disease has progressed to AIDS 记单词 记短语 记句型 3 基础梳理pill
prejudice
awkward
abortionillegal judgement embarrassed malefemalesurvivalin spite of
take risks/a risk
get into处境危险；遭受危险
上气不接下气
下定决心that is so much that while injecting drugs It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS thatare slightly more likely 研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析for→of In spite of
Despite
Regardless ofAlthough/Though get into the habit of get into debt
survivalonbyfor survivalsurvive on survived her husband by make a judgement on/about passed judgement on
In my judgementon/abouton
makingembarrassedembarrassingto embarrasswas very embarrassed to hear embarrass him by an embarrassing situationso nervous thatso loudly thatso many people thatsuch fine weather thatsuch a popular book thatheatedwalkingif (it is) necessaryWhenever (it is) possibleIt is only when we get ill thatWas itthat How was it thatIt was not untilthat随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练urvivalmbarrassed llegalwkwardjudgementabortion female pillsfelt embarrassed that So lazy a man/Such a lazy man It was not until he told me that Judging from his words/what he said He is likely to be It is likely that while reading? word部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
课时作业
Ⅰ.同义句转换(用it改写句子)
1．The newspaper says that the bridge is of poor quality.
→It__is_said that the bridge is of poor quality.
2．To admit your own mistake is not easy.
→It_is_not_easy to admit your own mistake.
3．Helping someone who doesn't help himself is useless.
→It_is_useless helping someone who doesn't help himself.
4．I became stronger and stronger，which made my parents glad.
→It_made_my_parents_glad that I became stronger and stronger.
5．He felt it was his duty to serve the people heart and soul.
→He felt it_his_duty to serve the people heart and soul.
6．Whether to hold the match hasn't been decided.
→It_hasn't_been_decided whether to hold the match.
7．That the boss was behaving pretty strangely struck me.
→It_struck_me that the boss was behaving pretty strangely.
8．They spent ten years observing the living habits of the tiger.
→It_took_them ten years to observe the living habits of the tiger.
9．As is well known to all，the Great Wall is one of the eight wonders.
→It_is_well_known to all that the Great Wall is one of the eight wonders.
10．The tickets happened to be sold out.
→It_happened_that the tickets were sold out.
Ⅱ.语法填空
As is known to us，the year 2016 has one extra day in it—29th February.This is because it's 1.________ we call “a leap year”．Every four years，the year has 366 days in 2.________ instead of 365.
It is called a leap year because hundreds of years ago in England，the extra day wasn't 3.________ (legal) recognized.There is a well-known tradition in the UK 4.________(associate) with 29th February，introduced many centuries ago.Women are allowed to break with tradition and propose (求婚)to their boyfriends on this day.This all started back in the 5.________ (five) century，when a famous Irish saint made a 6.________(complain) that women had to wait too long for men to propose.According to the legend，Saint Patrick said any female dreaming of a proposal could ask her boyfriend to marry her on this additional day in February.This so-called tradition was 7.________(write) in law in the thirteenth century.Scotland passed a law allowing women to propose to men in a leap year.It was said that if the men refused，they had to pay a fine!
Now in 2016，there are calls 8.________ 29th February to become a public holiday.Some people believe that it should be an 9.________(office) day off，because no one gets more payments for 10.________ (work) an extra day in a leap year.For the moment though，the British still have to go to work on this day.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了在闰年2月29号这一天英国女子可以向男子求婚这一习俗，以及有人要求定2月29号为法定假日。
1．解析：考查表语从句。这是一个由what引导的表语从句。
答案：what
2．解析：考查代词。此处指代前面的the year。
答案：it
3．解析：考查副词。此处用副词来修饰动词。
答案：legally
4．解析：考查过去分词。此处用过去分词作后置定语。
答案：associated
5．解析：考查序数词。此处表示第五。
答案：fifth
6．解析：考查名词。此处位于a之后应该用名词形式，构成短语make a complaint表示抱怨。
答案：complaint
7．解析：考查过去分词。此处考查被动语态形式。
答案：written
8．解析：考查介词。calls for “对……的要求”。
答案：for
9．解析：考查形容词。此处指 “官方的”。
答案：official
10．解析：考查非谓语动词。作介词的宾语，应用动词的-ing形式。
答案：working
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2019·河北石家庄一中期末考试)
My daughter's school was blown up.No students were harmed，but the main building was completely destroyed，as well as the nearby dorms.Before you start trying to ask when this horrible act took place on U．S.soil，I should mention that this attack didn't happen in reality，but in my daughter's carefully constructed Minecraft world.During an online journey with a few friends，a stranger came to her school and bombed the school she had carefully built.In an instant，her school was ruined.Sure，no actual property (财产) was damaged.But the emotional pain she felt was very much real.She thought this was a form of terrorism.
I shared this act of senseless online violence on my Facebook page，and fellow parents with Minecraft-loving children were just as shocked as I was.I had thought this was a unique experience，and my daughter was just unlucky that this happened to her.But，as it turned out，she was far from alone.The acts were performed by computer bullies (暴徒) known as “griefers”．The platform that my daughter was playing was the Minecraft: Pocket Edition (PE) version，which is popular with younger players.While she once only played in the creative mode，she began to join in the multi-player mode so that she and a few friends from school could build and create together.That multi-player choice made it possible for a stranger，one of these “griefers”，to do damage.
It was a painful lesson for my daughter that dangers happened suddenly.She understood we have to protect ourselves from bad people in the real world.Still，there was some goodness that came out of the ruins.Many fellow players of hers took time to help her rebuild her school，which was set up again.She was moved.Also，this experience opened her eyes.
【解题导语】 本文是记叙文。作者的女儿玩网络游戏时遭遇“恐怖袭击”。庆幸的是，游戏可以重来，而且这件事让她懂得了在现实生活中要保护自己。
1．What was the main influence of the attack?
A．Many students were harmed.
B．The author's daughter felt hurt.
C．The students had no place to live in.
D．Money was needed to rebuild the school.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段末的“Sure，no actual property (财产) was damaged.But the emotional pain she felt was very much real.”可知，这场虚拟世界的“恐怖袭击”令作者的女儿感到很受伤。
2．What had the author thought before talking to other parents about the incident?
A．Her daughter was too lonely.
B．The attack was just a rare incident.
C．Dangers on the Internet existed everywhere.
D．Her daughter shouldn't have played the game.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I had thought this was a unique experience，and my daughter was just unlucky that this happened to her.”可知，在和其他家长交流之前，作者以为女儿遭遇的“恐怖袭击”只是偶然事件。
3．What do we know about the “griefers”？
A．They bring sadness to people.
B．They are traditional terrorists.
C．They will be punished by law.
D．They are ordinary game-players.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The acts were performed by computer bullies(暴徒)known as‘griefers'.”及段末的“one of these‘griefers'，to do damage”可知，这些人专门从事网上暴力行为，由此给他人带来心灵上的痛苦。
4．Which reason is mentioned for the attack on the author's daughter's school?
A．She played very well.
B．She had been mean to a player.
C．She often played in the creative mode.
D．She adopted the multi-player mode.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段末的“That multi-player choice made it possible for a stranger，one of these‘griefers'，to do damage.”可知，采用多人游戏模式是导致这场“恐怖袭击”的一个原因。
B
(2019·四川绵阳中学期中考试)
Life can bring us down from time to time.At some point，you may find yourself in what you will consider as your darkest hour.As you try to find your way out of that bad situation，you should try to remind yourself that there is always still a reason to be grateful.
If you look at your situation now and compare it with that of someone else who is in much deeper trouble than you，I am sure that you'll find something to be thankful for.We all have our share of problems.But complaining about them only makes us blind to the fact that there are miracles happening around us every day.
When all your needs are met，then you should be content and happy.If you have a roof over your head，some decent(像样的) clothes to wear，enough food on the table，a comfortable place to sleep in，clean water to drink and you are free to make your own choices，then you should be happy and grateful.Many people around the world，especially those who are at war or those in very poor countries would give anything to be in_your_shoes.
Even if you lose all your money or possessions and your heart is broken for some reason，as long as you are still alive and energetic，then every material thing you have lost can be regained again.If you have a few good friends to support or help you，then be glad because true friends are hard to find.As long as you have someone to love and someone to love you back，then you are a very fortunate person.Remember to be patient and trust that things will get better.
【解题导语】 本文是议论文。作者认为身处逆境时我们应心存感恩。
5．What are we advised to do when life lets us down?
A．To try to keep calm.
B．To imagine a better future.
C．To realize things could be worse.
D．To fight against the bad situation bravely.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段开头部分“If you look at your situation now and compare it with that of someone else who is in much deeper trouble than you”可推断，作者认为当我们的生活不顺利时，我们应该想想那些处境更艰难的人，也就是要意识到事情可能会更糟，应该为现在的生活感到庆幸，故选C。
6．What is the result of complaining about the bad situation?
A．Ignoring something good.
B．Creating a far worse situation.
C．Taking everything for granted.
D．Failing to share the pain with others.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But complaining about them only makes us blind to the fact that there are miracles happening around us every day.”可知，抱怨的结果是忽视身边的美好。
7．What does the underlined part “in your shoes” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．In your honor. B．On your behalf.
C．In your situation. D．In touch with you.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的“especially those who are at war or those in very poor countries”可推断，那些处于战争或贫穷国家中的人们愿意不惜一切代价过你现在的生活，故选C。in one's shoes“处于某人的境地”。
8．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．Patience is a virtue
B．Why you should be grateful
C．How to deal with hard times
D．A friend in need is a friend indeed
解析：选B 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“there is always still a reason to be grateful”及下文内容可知，本文主要讲处于逆境中的人也应该心存感恩的原因。故B项恰当。
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2019·河北石家庄一中期中考试)
下面是网络上的一则留言。假如你叫李华，想给他一些建议，请根据下面的内容写一则留言。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Li Hua，
Can you help me，please? I have tried to stop smoking several times.I am OK for two days and then I feel really sick and annoyed and I have to start smoking again.I know smoking does damage to my health，but I just can't seem to give it up.Do you have any useful tips?
Li Xiaolei
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Li Xiaolei，
I am sorry you have had so much trouble in stopping smoking，but I am glad you are still trying.
Don't give up.The more often you try，the more likely you are to eventually succeed.When you feel uncomfortable，don't automatically reach for a cigarette.Sufficient water and adequate fruit are preferred when you are quitting smoking.It is normal to feel a little stressed when you give up smoking for the first time，but try to remember that it will only last a few days and then you will begin to feel much better.At the same time，keep up the good work and remind yourself how much healthier you will be when you finally quit.
Good luck and best wishes!
Li Hua
课件53张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writingit的用法(Ⅰ)第一板块单元语法It It It it it
to remainItitititititit
第一个one→itthem→itWhat→Itlike后加itthat→itIt's not easy to finish It's no good/use talking to/withfeels it his duty tohate itrely on it that如何写一封建议信第二板块单元写作go from bad to worse
live a low-carbon life
a good way to do...
carry out
turn on the lights
keep...working
save energy
be one's first choicea good way to reduce emissionscarry out my planturn on the lightskeep the refrigerator and air conditioners workingwill be my first choiceWhen I am shoppingWhenever it is possible As living a low-carbon life is a good way to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and keep the refrigerator and air conditioners working in the low-carbon mode to save energyNot only will I limit the use of plastic bagsbut also I will separate my rubbish into word部分： 请做： 课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块课件30张PPT。单元要点归纳提升under stress
under the stress of
lay/place/put stress on sth.
under a lot of stressban sb.from doing sth.，prohibit sb.from doing sth.，forbid sb.from doing sth.，forbid sb.to do sth.a ban on...fromon accustomedbe/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.has become accustomed toto stick to，lead to，object to，pay attention to，belong to，prefer...to...，come to，devote...to...，see to，get down to，be/get used to，refer to，look forward to，contribute to have an effect on
put/bring
into
take
In
What he said had a great effect on us.desperatelydesperationbe desperate for...
be desperate to do sth.forin desperate needto tell disappointeddisappointingat/with/about
be disappointed to do sth.
was disappointed thatto findbe ashamed of
be ashamed to do sth.
was deeply ashamed ofashamedshameful
because ofowing tothanks tobe due to do sth.due to illness/because of illness/owing to illness due to / owing to having
to exchangeregardless of despitein spite of/regardless of/despitein spite of/despite the fact thattake risks/a riskat risk冒着做某事的危险
冒险做某事at one's own risk
at any risk
doingget into trouble
get into the habit of
getting intoalong/on
down
through
in
away
with
overneither did the policeneither will sheNever have I seen each time，any time，next time，the first/last time，the moment/ minute / instant，the year / month / week / dayEvery/Each time I hear that song I feel very happy.Next time you're here let's have lunch together.haven't made it known it impossible for us It's reported thatIt is no goodIt's my dutyIt is known to alldepend upon/on it take it for granted I would appreciate itI dislike it 单元质量评估检测卷(三)
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a hotel.
B．At a campus.
C．In the street.
2．How long will it take the woman to get to the bank?
A．15 minutes.
B．12 minutes.
C．Half an hour.
3．What does the man really mean?
A．She can't park her car here.
B．He'll park his car here.
C．He'll load his goods here.
4．What does the man want to do?
A．Check in.
B．Rent a room.
C．Have a meal.
5．Why does the man get a new motor?
A．His bike was broken.
B．His bike was lost.
C．His bike was sold.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where does the conversation take place?
A．At a taxi stand.
B．At a bus stop.
C．At a gas station.
7．How much does the man pay?
A．$50.
B．$28.85.
C．$21.15.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where does Mr.Blake most probably work?
A．In a company.
B．In a school.
C．In a shop.
9．When will Mr.Blake get home?
A．At 17?00.
B．At 18?00.
C．At 19?00.
10．What has Mr.Blake planned to do with the woman?
A．To go for a trip.
B．To have a business trip.
C．To go fishing.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What was wrong with the man?
A．His left leg was broken.
B．His left arm was broken.
C．He had severe head injuries.
12．When did the accident happen?
A．Half a month ago.
B．Two weeks ago.
C．Three weeks ago.
13．How did the accident happen to the man?
A．He was knocked down by a bus.
B．He had drunk too much.
C．He was driving too fast.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．Who is the woman most probably?
A．A passer-by.
B．A hotel clerk.
C．A policewoman.
15．Why did NOT the man park his car in the parking lot at the back of the hotel?
A．He doesn't want to have a meal there.
B．It is for customers only.
C．There is no room left.
16．Where is the nearest parking lot?
A．Three blocks away.
B．Opposite the park.
C．Behind the bookstore.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Why did the mother feel hurt?
A．Her daughter tried to kill her.
B．Her daughter failed to go to college.
C．Her daughter had the habit of smoking.
18．Why did Anna promise to give up smoking?
A．She was afraid that she couldn't go to college.
B．She was afraid that she wouldn't get any money from her parents.
C．She realized that smoking was bad for her health.
19．How did the mother find out Anna had broken her word?
A．She saw her smoking again.
B．She was told of that by one of Anna's friends.
C．She smelt the smoke in Anna's breath.
20．What does Anna want to be?
A．A teacher.
B．A doctor.
C．A driver.
录音材料：
Text 1
W: Excuse me，①how can I get to the University of Nottingham?
M: So sorry.①I'm a stranger here myself. You can ask the old lady over there.
Text 2
W: Hello, Mark. Could you tell me how to get to the nearest bank around?
M: Just walk down this street.②It's only a quarter's walk from here. You will find it on the corner of the street.
Text 3
W: Would you mind if I park my car here?
M: ③Sorry, but we'll unload our goods here in a minute.
Text 4
W: What can I do for you, sir?
M: ④I want to take a double room for a night.
W: OK, please fill out this form and show me your ID card.
M: Here it is.
Text 5
W: Is this your new motor?
M: Yes.⑤I bought it yesterday because my bicycle was stolen.
Text 6
W: Can I help you?
M: ⑥Fill it up with gas, please.
W: All right. I'd like to say your tyre is flat. Can I have a look at it?
M: Yes, please.
W: OK, there is nothing serious. The tyre just needs some air.
M: How much should I pay you?
W: ⑦It comes to $28.85.
M: Here is a 50-dollar bill.
W: Here is your change. It's $21.15.
M: Thank you.
Text 7
W: Hello, may I speak to Mr.Blake, please?
M: Sorry，⑧my father has just gone to the office in a hurry. He won't be back until this evening. Would you please leave a message?
W: Yes, I'd like to. I'm Jane Sanders, one of Mr.Blake's colleagues. ⑧⑩We have planned to go for a business trip to Ottawa next Monday. Now I have already bought the plane tickets. Tell him to come to my house this early evening and take away the ticket. I will wait for him at home.
M: All right. I'll tell him about it. One more thing，⑨he won't get home until six o'clock. It may be a little late to get to your home.
W: It doesn't matter. Thank you very much.
Text 8
W: You don't look well, Dave. What has happened to you?
M: I've been in hospital for half a month.
W: Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. But why?
M: Er ... ?I had a car accident three weeks ago. Luckily, only ?my left arm was broken. And I can move it now.
W: How did it come, then?
M: I was driving to work and knocked into a big tree on the bank.
W: ?I guess, you were driving too fast?
M: ?It's true. How I regret!
W: Take the lesson! Hope you will return to work soon.
M: Many thanks.
Text 9
W: ?Good evening, sir. A table for two?
M: No, thank you. But we are looking for the parking place. Can you give us a hand?
W: Sure. ?There is one at the back of our hotel.
M: We have just been there, ?but there is no space.
W: Well, then the nearest parking lot is two blocks away. You should drive up this road and then turn left at the traffic lights. And when you get to the bookstore, turn right, and the parking lot is on the right. ?The opposite is a park.
M: Thank you very much for your help.
W: You're welcome.
Text 10
Our daughter, 16 years old, started to smoke last Christmas. It killed me to see that lovely girl with a cigarette in her mouth. I told her how I felt. But Anna continued to smoke, saying “It's my life！” and so on. ?I told her if she didn't stop smoking, I wouldn't send her to college. She agreed to give it up.
?Last night there was a cigarette smell in Anna's breath. She had to say she had broken her word. Now I must do what I've said to punish her.
?Anna is very smart and wants to teach children. I'm working full time to put her elder sister through school and would do the same for Anna. My husband's pay is good, but with prices going up all the time we could never educate the girls unless I kept on working.
My opinion is that if smoking is more important to Anna than college, I'm a fool to work to put her through college.
参考答案：
1．C 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.A
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.Some people believe that they can't help putting on weight as they get older，while others hold that if they stop exercising，their muscles will turn into fat.Here are some more myths：
I'll never lose weight—I come from a fat family
Wrong! While we can't change the body type we are born with，we can't blame our genes for making us fat.There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families，and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.
I am fat because I burn calories slowly
Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism (新陈代谢)．In fact，although fat people consume more energy than slim people，they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.
Exercise is boring
Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive.If you enjoy a Sunday walk，take a different route.If you do yoga，try a tai chi class.If you like swimming，set yourself a distance or time challenge.
No pains，no gains
Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed，pain is your body telling you something's wrong ，and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly，but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly.If they don't，rest and seek medical advice.
【解题导语】 关于肥胖和锻炼，人们一直有一些错误观点。作者就四种常见的错误说法进行了分析和解释，澄清了事实真相，为人们减肥和锻炼指明了方向。
21．What does the author think about being fat?
A．It is the family genes that make people fat.
B．People are fat because they consume too little energy.
C．A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.
D．It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段最后一句可推断出，作者认为肥胖的原因在于人们不均衡、不健康的生活方式。
22．What is the author's opinion about pain in exercising?
A．Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.
B．Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.
C．Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.
D．Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可推断出，在锻炼过程中如果感觉持续疼痛应该停止锻炼，休息一会儿然后去看医生。
23．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To declare the importance of keeping fit.
B．To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.
C．To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.
D．To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.
解析：选B 写作意图题。通读全文内容可知，文章的主要目的是纠正一些关于肥胖和锻炼的错误观点，澄清一些事实。
B
A healthy body is necessary for a healthy mind.As is known to all，to have a sound mind，people must first have a sound body.This is very important.So let's enjoy sports more.
Spend more time playing sports and less time watching sports.Every weekend there are dozens of football and basketball games on television.It's OK to watch one or two，but don't forget to go outside and play，like throwing a football around or shooting some baskets.That's the way to stay healthy and become a better athlete.
Learn the history of the games you enjoy.For instance，if you love lacrosse(长曲棍球)，visit the Lacrosse Museum and National Hall of Fame.You can learn the sport's development.
Read a book about a great old-time player such as Henry Aaron or Walter Payton.Not all of the great athletes are playing now.The stories of the games and players that your parents and grandparents watched are super-exciting，
Don't complain about referees.It's easy to blame them if your team loses，but that won't help you get better.This year，learn to accept the officials' calls，good and bad ，as part of the game.And remember to thank them at last.It's not an easy job.
Try a new sport.Playing soccer，basketball or anything else year-round is one way to get hurt or become bored with a sport.Try to play different sports.Learning to play a new sport is fun and usually builds your skills in other areas.Tennis is great for hand-eye coordination (协调)．Skateboarding helps your balance.Golf makes you concentrate under pressure.
Don't take sports so seriously.Yes，it's a great way to stay healthy，meet new people and have fun.But some kids go overboard (过分热衷)，playing on several teams and going to tournaments every weekend.Make sure you take time for reading or learning to play a musical instrument or just hanging out with friends and family.
【解题导语】 文章建议通过参与运动来保持健康体魄，并列举了具体做法。
24．What is necessary for a sound mind according to the passage?
A．Playing sports.
B．Keeping a balanced diet.
C．Getting enough sleep.
D．Having a sound body.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第一段可知应选D项，A、B、C三项均为有一个健康身体的条件。
25．If you want to know the history of lacrosse，where should you go?
A．The Lacrosse Museum.
B．National Hall of Fame.
C．The stadium.
D．Both A and B．
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第三段第二句话可知。
26．What does the underlined word “referees” mean in this sentence?
A．Colleagues. B．Leaders.
C．Coaches. D．Judges.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。由第五段可知。
27．Which event is beneficial to hand-eye coordination?
A．Tennis. B．Skateboarding.
C．Football. D．Golf.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第六段倒数第三句话可知。
C
Within a few short years，girls in Europe have become heavier smokers than boys，for reasons experts still fail to understand，according to a British study presented (递交) last week to an international conference on smoking.
Anti-smoking activists (积极分子) at the second Tobacco or Health conference in the Canary Islands pointed out that while adults(grown-ups)were giving up smoking in ever-growing numbers，more and more young people were taking up the habit，particularly girls.
One 15-year-old in four is a regular smoker，according to a study made in 27 countries in Europe and the United States，Canada ，and Israel by Edinburgh University together with the World Health Organisation.
In Western Europe，girls were more likely than boys to smoke.In Germany or in England ，one third of the girls were smokers compared to one in four boys.In Eastern Europe，the girls “still fall behind” those in Western Europe，but were “catching up” quickly ，said the study.
The study dealt with the behaviour of 15-year-olds in seven European countries over four-year periods between 1986 and 1998.
The percentage of young women smoking went from 17 percent to 36 percent in Austria ，from 17 percent to 28 percent in Norway，from 21 percent to 28 percent in Hungary.
In the seven countries and regions studied—Austria，Finland，Hungary，Norway，Sweden, Switzerland and Wales—more girls smoked than boys in 1998，with the exception of Hungary.
【解题导语】 全文重点讲述了女孩子吸烟的情况。
28．According to the article more and more of whom in Europe were giving up smoking?
A．The adults. B．The boys.
C．The girls. D．The old men.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“...adults (grown-ups) were giving up smoking in ever-growing numbers...”可知成年人戒烟的越来越多。
29.Compared with girl smokers，the number of boy smokers is ________.
A．larger B．as large
C．smaller D．as small
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第四段中的数据可知。
30.The country where the number of young women smokers increases fastest is ________.
A．Norway B．Austria
C．Hungary D．Sweden
解析：选B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的几组数据对比可知。
31.The main idea of the passage is ________.
A．to introduce something about girl smokers in Europe
B．to report something interesting that happened in Europe
C．to describe the present condition of European smokers
D．to warn young people around the world against smoking
解析：选A 主旨大意题。全文重点讲述了女孩子吸烟的情况。
D
Obesity stems primarily from the overconsumption of food with insufficient exercise.But this belief cannot explain how quickly the obesity has spread globally in the past several decades.Many researchers believe that exposure to certain chemicals—found in nature as well as in industry—may play an essential role by driving the body to produce and store extra fat.Moreover，the effects in animals appear to be passed on not just to immediate offspring(后代) but also grandchildren and great-grandchildren—potentially accounting for some multigenerational obesity.
“The picture for humans may become clear in the next five years”，says Jerry Heindel，a health science administrator whose agency is now funding 57 studies related to obesity and diabetes.The studies look at how chemicals affect weight gain.Thirty-two of the ongoing studies are in humans. And 20 of those will help assess the longer-term risks to children by tracking the youngsters' chemical levels.But none of these studies in people examine multigenerational effects.“More studies will lead to a ‘huge increase in data，'”Heindel says.
And gathering such information will be vital in a field where so many basic questions remain unanswered: Are there specific periods in their lives when humans may be susceptible to damage? Are there certain populations that may be more vulnerable than others? Would these exposures affect men and women differently? Moreover，how does diet interact with these chemicals or how do the chemicals act collectively?
Scientists already know that humans are exposed to a soup of chemicals even before birth. Hundreds of pollutants typically found in consumer products have been found in the blood of newborn babies—which means that babies are born “pre-polluted”. Animal research suggests that many of chemicals in the mother's body may cause serious，long-term consequences.For example，tributyltin found in water pipes and used in plastics，produces more fat cells in mice across multiple generations.
One of the most important questions of all，however，is just how many chemicals could lead to weight gain and obesity.Blumberg，who first coined the term “obesogens” to describe such powerful chemicals，says，“I think it's going to turn out to be many hundreds.”
【解题导语】 人们往往认为近几十年肥胖症在全球范围的蔓延是由超量饮食和缺乏锻炼所致，现在有实验证明，其真正的原因可能是有污染的化学物质，而且还可能影响几代人。
32．What may obesity result from according to the text?
A．Lack of enough exercise.
B．The overconsumption of food.
C．Exposure to certain chemicals.
D．Unhealthy lifestyle and genetics.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，人们常常认为肥胖是由过量饮食和缺少锻炼所致，而本文提出一个新的观点，那就是肥胖可能是我们身边的化学物质过多造成的。
33．What does Jerry Heindel probably approve of?
A．Twenty of his ongoing studies focus on human obesity.
B．None of his ongoing studies look at effects on human offspring.
C．Five of his ongoing studies evaluate the longer-term risks to children.
D．Thirty-two of his ongoing studies track the youngsters'chemical levels.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，没有任何一项研究表明这对人类的后代有影响。
34．What does the author mainly intend to indicate by asking a series of questions in Paragraph 3?
A．Childhood is more vulnerable than others.
B．Further studies in the field are badly needed.
C．Chemicals relating to weight gain are hard to sort.
D．Women gain more weight than men from chemicals.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段所提问题可知，需要更多的实验来增加数据，用这些数据的信息来回答第三段的这些问题。
35．What does the underlined word “obesogens” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Chemicals contributing to obesity.
B．Obesity resulting in overeating.
C．Chemicals in nature and industry.
D．Obesity with related health problems.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段该词前的“究竟多少化学物质才能导致肥胖”和该词后的“这些威力巨大的化学物质”可知答案。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Communicate Freely with People
Communication is the basic advantage of human beings.It is our ability to speak and communicate freely.__36__We often feel alone inside subways，buses or parks.Being able to approach new people saves us from that embarrassing time.It's very rewarding，if you have the courage to make the first move.
Be the first to approach.The person beside you or in front of you is seeing you for the first time.Just act normally and introduce yourself.__37__ Sometimes there are certain common things that help to start a conversation.Feel free to give your opinion.
__38__ Rushing to say things is never a good idea; you should also pause and listen to the other person's response.Try to engage more in their topics and views.When they find you are honest and easy to talk to，you will find them interesting.
Be helpful.__39__ It's up to them to trust you or not，but you could show concern and interest in them.Who knows，you might get help in return.When you're alone in a new place，you won't know what you need and when.A helping hand once in a while can save you from trouble.
Stay in touch after leaving.It's very rude not to ask for a person's contact number，especially after the other person has helped you.Even if you do not intend to communicate further，you can just say “Hi！”or “Hello! How are you doing？”occasionally.__40__ Always be thankful.
A．Carefully listen to what others say.
B．Keep your attitude right.
C．Be sure to offer help when they need it.
D．Send a message sometimes to show that you remember them.
E．You could just simply comment on his or her dress or shoes or even hairstyle.
F．But most people fail to talk freely with people they have only just met or with strangers.
G．To build good relationships with people from other cultures，it is important to learn how to communicate with them.
【解题导语】 本文讲了如何与第一次见面的人自如地交流。
36．解析：选F 虽然说话与交流是人类独有的能力，但是很多人往往不能自如地与陌生人沟通，所以往往我们在一些公共场所显得很孤独。故选F。
37．解析：选E 表现自然一些，介绍一下你自己，或者评论一下他们的穿着打扮，引出一些话题。故选E。
38．解析：选A 本段主要讲了不要总是一味地述说你的观点和想法，停下来听一听别人的反应，故本段主题句选A。
39．解析：选C 本段讲了要乐于助人，在别人困难之时伸出援助之手，你困难时可能会得到回报，故选C。
40．解析：选D 本段讲了在分开之后要保持联系，不一定要深入地交流，偶尔问下好表明你还记着他们就可以了，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There was once a king of Scotland whose name was Robert Bruce.He had to be both brave and __41__，for the times in which he lived were wild and dangerous.The King of England was at war to __42__ him out of the land.
Battle after battle had been fought.Six times Robert Bruce had led his brave army __43__his enemy and six times his men had been __44__.At last his army was scattered (驱散)，and he was __45__ to hide himself in the woods and in lonely places among the mountains.
On a rainy day，Robert Bruce __46__ on the ground in an old wooden house，listening to the drops of the rainfall on the roof above him.He was __47__ and felt sick at heart，and ready to __48__ all hope.Then suddenly，he __49__ a spider over his head，getting ready to make her web.Six times she tried to __50__ her thread (丝线) from one beam (横梁) to another，and six times it fell short.
“Poor thing！” said Robert Bruce: “You，too，__51__ what it means to fail.”
__52__，the spider did not lose hope.Robert Bruce almost forgot his own __53__ as he watched her swing herself out upon the line for the seventh time.Would she __54__ again? No! The thread was carried __55__ to another beam，and tied there.
“I，too，will __56__ a seventh time！” he cried.
He called his men together.He told them of his __57__ and sent them out with hopeful messages of cheer to his people.Soon there was a(n)__58__ of brave Scotsmen around him.Another battle was fought，and the King of Scotland was __59__ to go back to his own country finally.
It is said that after that day，no one in Scotland would ever __60__ a spider.The lesson which the little creature had taught the king was never forgotten.
【解题导语】 前进的道路上，我们总会面临失败或挫折。但是不要灰心，也许成功就在下一次的尝试中呢！
41．A.famous B．strange
C．wise D．beautiful
解析：选C 他必须既勇敢又聪明(wise)，因为他所处的时代是狂野而危险的。
42．A.drive B．save
C．carry D．look
解析：选A 英国国王正在打仗，想把他驱逐(drive)出这片土地。
43．A.from B．for
C．to D．against
解析：选D Robert Bruce六次率领他勇敢的军队对抗(against)敌人，但这六次他都被打败了(beaten)。
44．A.controlled B．beaten
C．comforted D．reminded
解析：选B 解析见上题。
45．A.allowed B．forced
C．accepted D．invited
解析：选B 他被迫(forced)躲进了树林里……
46．A.lay B．entered
C．worked D．played
解析：选A 在一个雨天，Robert Bruce躺在(lay)一座旧的木房子里的地面上。
47．A.calm B．nervous
C．afraid D．tired
解析：选D 他很疲惫(tired)、伤感，准备放弃(give up)所有的希望。
48．A.work on B．look for
C．give up D．make out
解析：选C 解析见上题。
49．A.watched B．learned
C．noticed D．explored
解析：选C 突然，他注意(noticed)到在他的头上方有一只蜘蛛，准备编织它的网。
50．A.throw B．fall
C．blow D．plant
解析：选A 它试了六次将它的丝线从一个横梁扔到(throw)另一个横梁上，但这六次都失败了。
51．A.receive B．understand
C．inform D．collect
解析：选B “可怜的东西”，Robert Bruce说到，“你也明白了(understand)失败意味着什么。”
52．A.Furthermore B．Therefore
C．Meanwhile D．However
解析：选D 然而(However)，那只蜘蛛没有失去希望。
53．A.trouble B．doubt
C．memory D．knowledge
解析：选A Rebert Bruce几乎忘记了自己的烦恼(trouble)，他看着它第七次在这条丝线上摇摆着。
54．A.fail B．wave
C．escape D．rest
解析：选A 根据后文的答案NO！及后面的描述可知这一次蜘蛛成功了，故对应的问句应该是是否失败(fail)了。
55．A.naturally B．safely
C．greatly D．easily
解析：选B 这条线被安全地(safely)拉到了另一根横梁上，系在了那里。
56．A.try B．hope
C．demand D．catch
解析：选A “我也会尝试(try)第七次！”他喊道。
57．A.discussions B．experiences
C．plans D．problems
解析：选C 他把他的计划(plans)告诉了他们，并且放出有希望的欢呼消息给这些人们。
58．A.line B．army
C．example D．activity
解析：选B 不久，他周围就有了一支(由)勇敢的苏格兰人(组成的)军队(army)。
59．A.surprised B．touched
C．delighted D．disappointed
解析：选C 另一场战斗打响了，最终这位苏格兰国王很高兴(delighted)回到了自己的国家。
60．A.touch B．destroy
C．check D．hurt
解析：选D 据说从那以后没有苏格兰人会伤害(hurt)一只蜘蛛。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has set up a new system that will spray (喷) water to stop people from 61.________(cross) red lights in the city.
The yellow posts, fitted with facial recognition technology,62.________(build) at two sides of crossings earlier this month.They could spray water whenever they spotted any person walking past them.
The system uses the 63.________(late) technology to catch walkers crossing red lights.
Connected to the traffic control system，the posts can remind walkers when the lights are changing.
“It is now a green light; please cross and be careful，” the voice message plays.
When the traffic light 64.________(turn) red，the post will say: “You are running a red light now.Please do not cross; it is 65.________(danger)．”
The posts are equipped 66.________ lights and water sprays.
Some walkers got scared 67.________ the water sprayed at their feet.But some seemed to be curious to test 68.________ system.
Any offenders (冒犯者) will have 69.________(they) face shown on a large display screen near the crossing.
A traffic police officer told reporters that the system is still being tested.
Officers will have to assess the results and decide whether 70.________(use) it in the city or not.
【解题导语】 中国一个城市最近为了阻止行人闯红灯又想出了新的策略。
61．解析：考查非谓语动词。stop sb.from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。
答案：crossing
62．解析：考查动词时态和语态。由时间状语earlier this month可知动作发生在过去，并且和主语是被动关系，故用were built。
答案：were built
63．解析：考查形容词最高级。由定冠词the可知用最高级。latest意为“最新的”。
答案：latest
64．解析：考查时态。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
答案：turns
65．解析：考查词形变化。用在be动词后面用形容词形式。
答案：dangerous
66．解析：考查介词。be equipped with...“配备有……”。
答案：with
67．解析：考查连词。句意：当水喷向他们的脚时，有些行人很害怕。
答案：when
68．解析：考查冠词。用the特指上文提到过的系统。
答案：the
69．解析：考查代词。在名词前面用形容词性物主代词。
答案：their
70．解析：考查非谓语动词。“疑问词＋to do”可以作动词的宾语，相当于名词。
答案：to use
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
During the last summer holiday，I took a trip to Yunnan. It is real a beautiful place; trees and flowers can be seen anywhere.
I also go to Lijiang City，where each road goes to the center of it.The river runs through the whole city.If you will go along the river，you'll never get lost.There are much ethnic minorities in Yunnan.We all like singing and dancing.
I like the elephants there most.I was afraid of the elephants at first，soon I knew they were very friend.They were so lovely that I took many photo of them.
答案：
During the last summer holiday，I took a trip to Yunnan. It is a beautiful place; trees and flowers can be seen .
I also to Lijiang City，where each road goes to the center of it. river runs through the whole city.If you go along the river，you'll never get lost.There are ethnic minorities in Yunnan. all like singing and dancing.
I like the elephants there most.I was afraid of the elephants at first， soon I knew they were very .They were so lovely that I took many of them.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，高考前夕，你校组织高一、高二学生为高三学生加油助威。请你根据以下提示写一份关于此次活动的英文报道，内容如下：
1．活动时间和地点；
2．活动过程；
3．你的感想。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
One possible version：
As the NCEE is approaching，a yearly activity named “Come on Grade Three”was held on our school playground on the afternoon of May 30th.All teachers and students from Grade One and Grade Two participated in the event.The principal，one teacher and one student made three wonderful and inspiring speeches，after which all the teachers and students sang songs together and we all had a great time.
This kind of activity is a great way for Grade Three students to deal with study pressure，because they can get away from the pressure of study for a moment and get relaxed and refreshed.With the pressure gone，I think they will do well in the examination.
