课件54张PPT。Section Ⅰ Warming Up &
Pre-reading & Reading-Comprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解谓语宾补时间状语后置定语因果关系宾语让步状语并列时间状语Unit 3 Under the sea
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Can we find accommodations (accommodate) at a hotel for tonight?
2．When the war broke out，most villagers fled (flee) to another city.
3. Abandoned (abandon) by his children，the old man led a poor life.
4．Could you tell me what the depth (deep) of the big hole is?
5．It is said that the party is held in this town annually (annual)．
6．I won't believe it until I see it with my own eyes.
7．The man was about to rush (rush) out when his wife stopped him.
8．The old man could walk for more than three hours without pausing (pause)．
9．When she turned around，she saw the men dragging (drag) the boat from the river.
10．The villagers urged the government to take (take) active measures to protect the environment.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I urged that we took immediate action to prevent such a thing happening again.
took→take
2．Mary is abandoned to play all kinds of games in her spare time. play→playing
3．That takes lots of time to master Chinese writing. That→It
4．The days where the overseas Chinese were like orphans are gone forever.
where→when
5．Children watch adult sports games and see violent behaviour replay over and over on television.
replay→replayed
Ⅲ.阅读理解
I don't think I can recall a time when I wasn't aware of the beauty of the ocean.Growing up in Australia，I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side.The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay, I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore.
For my 10th birthday，my sisters and I were taken out to the Great Barrier Reef.There were fish in different colors，caves and layers of coral.They made such an impression on me.When I learned that only 1 percent of Australia's Coral Sea was protected，I was shocked.Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth.But sadly，only 45% of the world's reefs are considered healthy.
This statistic is depressing，so it's important for us to do everything to protect them.The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete ecosystem has led me to take action.I've become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity，which aims to create the largest marine park in the world.It would serve as a place where the ocean's species will all have a safe place forever.
Together，Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be part of the movement.Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy，who grew up sailing，admiring the beauty of the ocean，and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。旨在号召人们保护海洋生物。
1．From the underlined sentence in Para.1，we can learn the author ________.
A．seldom went surfing at the sea
B．forgot his experiences about the ocean
C．never went back to his hometown
D．had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay
解析：选D 句意猜测题。根据第一段第一、二句可知，作者非常喜欢海洋，画线句意为“我突然有了一种不想再踏上陆地的感觉”，说明Halfmoon Bay给作者留下了一个美好的印象。故选D。
2．According to the second paragraph，Australian marine life ________.
A．is escaping from the Coral Sea gradually
B．depends on reefs for living greatly
C．may be faced with danger
D．is protected better than that in other oceans
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的最后两句可推知，澳大利亚的海洋生物可能处在危险之中。故选C。
3．The Protect Our Coral Sea activity is intended to ________.
A．contribute to a complete ecosystem
B．prevent more marine species being endangered
C．set up a large nature reserve for reefs
D．raise more teenagers' environmental awareness
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...which aims to create the largest marine park in the world.It would serve as a place where the ocean's species will all have a safe place forever.”可知，其目的是保护海洋生物免受危险。故选B。
4．Angus and the author created a little video to ________.
A．urge more people to take action to protect the marine species
B．inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean
C．share their childhood experiences about the ocean
D．bring back to people their memory of ocean species
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，他们的目的是鼓励人们参与到保护海洋生物的行动中来。故选A。
Ⅳ.完形填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.They 1 with them lots of waste.The 2 might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing，changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories，I'm 4 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish.I find a 7 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 .
The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 ， in my opinion, isn't reaching the top.Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures.This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 14 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 15 —low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass.I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4,000 meters is the highland 17 ：gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.
【解题导语】 文章围绕人与自然的主题，讲述了乞力马扎罗山(Kilimanjaro)环境遭到破坏的现状，同时也介绍了它独特的生态系统，旨在呼吁人们去保护这一奇观。
1．A.keep B．mix
C．connect D．bring
解析：选D 根据首段第一句“Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro” 和下文的“The 2 might damage the beauty of the place.”可知，此处指他们带来了大量垃圾。keep“保留”；mix“混合”；connect“联结”。
2．A.stories B．buildings
C．crowds D．reporters
解析：选C 根据首段第一句中的“40,000 people”可知，此处指人群可能破坏了这个地方的美景。crowd“人群”，符合语境。story“故事”；building“建筑物”；reporter“记者”。
3．A.position B．age
C．face D．name
解析：选C 根据上文的“damage the beauty of the place”和“The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing”可知，这里指冰川正在消失，改变了乞力马扎罗山的地貌。face“面貌，外观特征”，符合语境。position“位置”；age“年龄，时代”；name“名称，名字”。
4．A.silent B．skeptical
C．serious D．crazy
解析：选B 上文提到乞力马扎罗山已经遭到破坏，“我”对这个地方开始持怀疑态度——其他的目的地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。silent “沉默的”；skeptical“怀疑的”；serious “严肃的”；crazy “疯狂的”。
5．A.discover B．argue
C．decide D．advocate
解析：选A 根据下文可知，不久，“我”就发现，自从读到关于营地里有很多垃圾的令人不安的报道以来，情况已经发生了很大变化。discover “发现”；argue“争论”；decide“决定”；advocate “提倡，主张”。
6．A.equipment B．grass
C．camps D．stones
解析：选C 根据下文的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，此处指营地里有很多垃圾。camp“营地”，符合语境。equipment“设备”；grass“草地”；stone“石块”。
7. A．remote B．quiet
C．tall D．clean
解析：选D 上文提到营地里有很多垃圾的情况已经发生了很大变化，此处指“我”发现了一座干净的山，营地和沿途都有厕所。此处旨在说明乞力马扎罗山营地的变化。remote“偏远的”；quiet“安静的”；tall“高的”；clean“干净的”。
8．A.new B．special
C．significant D．necessary
解析：选C 由上文的“tons of rubbish”可知，此处指环境的挑战是巨大的。new“新的”；special“特别的，格外的”；significant“有重大意义的，重大的”；necessary “必要的”。
9．A.paying off B．spreading out
C．blowing up D．fading away
解析：选A 挑战虽大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎正在取得成效。pay off“奏效，取得成功”；spread out “伸展，散开”；blow up“爆炸”； fade away “逐渐消失”。
10．A.atmosphere B．experience
C．experiment D．sight
解析：选B 乞力马扎罗山最好的体验不是到达顶峰。atmosphere“气氛，大气”；experience“体验”；experiment“实验”；sight “视力，景物”。
11．A.studied B．observed
C．explored D．regarded
解析：选D 在许多文化中，山被认为是精神之所在。study“研究”；observe“观察”；explore“探索”；regard“认为”。
12．A.view B．quality
C．reason D．purpose
解析：选A 在几公里的空间里，登山者经历五个生态系统，这种观点(山被认为是精神之所在)在乞力马扎罗山体现得尤其明显。view“观点”；quality“质量”；reason“原因”；purpose“目的”。
13．A.scientists B．climbers
C．locals D．officials
解析：选B 此处指登山者。scientist“科学家”；climber“登山者”；local“当地人”；official“官员”。
14．A.holding on to B．going back to
C．living up to D．giving way to
解析：选D 在乞力马扎罗山的不同海拔高度，生长着不同的植被。乞力马扎罗山的底部是一片热带雨林，它在海拔3 000米的地方突然中断，取而代之的是低矮的植物。hold on to“保住”；go back to“追溯到”；live up to“不辜负”；give way to“被……代替”。
15．A.changes B．clears
C．improves D．permits
解析：选A 再往上走，天气变了——低垂的云笼罩着山坡，山坡上长满了茂密的草。change“变化”；clear“放晴”；improve“改善，提高”；permit “许可，允许”。
16．A.match B．imagine
C．count D．add
解析：选C 从“我”站的地方，“我”数了数有十二种绿色。match“相配”；imagine“想象”；count “数数”；add“增加”。
17．A.village B．desert
C．road D．lake
解析：选B 根据空后的“gravel (砾石)，stones and rocks”可知，海拔4 000米以上是高原沙漠：砾石、石头和岩石。village“村庄”；desert“沙漠”；road“道路”；lake“湖泊”。
18．A.Obviously B．Easily
C．Consequently D．Finally
解析：选D 最后，你会爬进一个像北极一样的地带，那里终年积雪，冰川可能很快就会消失。obviously“明显地”；easily“容易地”；consequently“结果”；finally“最后，终于”。
19．A.permanent B．little
C．fresh D．artificial
解析：选A 参见上题解析。permanent“永久的，永恒的”；little“小的”；fresh“新鲜的”；artificial“人造的，人工的”。
20．A.enjoy B．deserve
C．save D．acquire
解析：选B 乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，络绎不绝的游客正在破坏和平的氛围，它值得这样赞誉吗？enjoy“享受……的乐趣”；deserve“值得”；save“节省，保存”；acquire“获得”。
Ⅴ.短文改错
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.
答案：
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday.We can between staying at home and a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden view and gain we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we或 go to places of interest nearby. I that it is a good idea.It does not cost ，yet we can still learn a lot.
课件74张PPT。Section Ⅱ Warming Up &
Reading-Language Points记单词 记短语 记句型3 基础梳理anecdoteannualmigrationwitnessshoreoffshoreoppositeyellpausetelescopeteamworkdivefleedraglipmeantimesharkaccommodationdepthurgeabandonrelationshipconservationhear ofsort outbe about to do...ahead ofaim at带来；收获在此期间帮助摆脱困境害怕举(抬)起；阻止as I was sorting outheard a loud noise comingmy accommodationbeing kept waitingeven though I didn't have the right clothes onsee Old Tom swimmingshowing us the wayUsing a telescopesee a whale being attackedIt took over half an hour to get the boat back to Jamessaw James being firmly held up研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析ahas witnessedtotoonthetooppositionis opposite toin the opposite directionOpposite iswhereis opposite toopposein opposition todeeplylengthdepthurgencyurgent(should)doto take(should)raiseurge people to prepareurged(should) be kept openabandonedtobe abandonedinappropriateabandoned smokingabandoned herself toa life of pleasurewithabandonoutintoall sorts/kinds/types of去掉asort outOnlysort out those differencesbringstolearningWith the exams approachingwhentook/should takecamehas seen去掉第二个willto leavewhen随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练accommodation(s)relationshipabandonpauseddraggedannualwitnesseddivedurgeyellbeing abandoned by his parentsHaving been/Being badly bitten by a snakewas about to give up/on the point of giving upIt wasn't long beforewere stopped/prevented/kept from going homeword部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 3 Under the sea
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Everything in the room was turned upside down.
2．Before he became aware of what had happened，the taxi had disappeared.
3．On seeing a snake crawling towards her，the little girl was scared to death.
4．Being held up in the water，the boy looked rather happy.
5．Having cleaned the whole house，he went out to throw all the rubbish away.
6．Because of the serious pollution，some fish are in danger of disappearing in the river.
7．She was on the way home hurriedly in case that she would be trapped in a traffic jam.
8．His parents hope in years to come he will reflect on his decision.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I don't like this kind of television advertisements targeting at children.
targeting→targeted
2．There are many cars catching in the traffic jams on the weekend.
catching→caught
3．I always keep my sheep tying to a tree on the riverbank.
tying→tied
4．Tom is angry.The reason is because he doesn't like being laughed at in public.
because→that
5．I didn't become aware his arrival.
aware后加of
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2019·四川绵阳检测)
German artist HA Schult is an unusual artist who uses trash(废物) to make sculptures(雕塑)．“We are living in a time of garbage，” says Schult.“I created a thousand sculptures of garbage.They are a mirror of ourselves.”Here，Schult was talking about his 1,000 trash sculptures in the form of humans.He first exhibited (展览) them in 1996 in the western German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
“They are social sculptures，” he explains.“They are not only sculptures for the eyes.They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.”So far，Schult's social sculptures have been on show in Paris，in Moscow's Red Square，on the Great Wall of China，and in the desert next to the Pyramids of Giza near Cairo.
HA Schult's work is unforgettable.Although his work has had a big influence on the art world，Schult remains modest about his creations：“Artists have to learn all the time.We are not important.All that counts is the time in which we are living.”
Trash art has been around for years.But it seems that only the popular artists are regarded as true artists when working with trash.Why can't common people be considered artists when they use the same things and change them into some form of personal art？Maybe it's because we all have our own preset ideas of what art is and isn't，or whom artists are or should be.
You can be an artist like Schult if you try.Look at used metal cans.What might be done with them？Imagine them in any number of new uses，or imagine them simply as an art form.What about boxes or clothing? Boxes can usually serve as new storage containers and houses for pets.And clothing? Imagine taking old clothes and turning them into hats or bags.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了一位德国艺术家利用垃圾创造艺术作品的故事，并以此鼓励读者行动起来，为环保出一分力。
1．What do we know about Schult's sculptures?
A．They served as garbage containers.
B．They reflected environmental issues.
C．They were first shown in Paris，France.
D．They were to raise economic awareness.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.”可知，Schult的作品反映了环境问题，故选B。
2．HA Schult's artistic works also get the message across that an artist must ________.
A．be socially responsible
B．be as modest as possible
C．make garbage recyclable
D．take diverse artistic forms
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“All that counts is the time in which we are living.”和第二段的整体内容可推知，Schult的作品传递了这样一个思想，即艺术家应该有社会责任感，故选A。
3．According to the last 2 paragraphs，the author probably agrees that ________.
A．it takes talent to be a trash artist
B．preset ideas are important to artists
C．trash art can't be seen as a real art form
D．average people can also make trash artists
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“You can be an artist like Schult if you try.”可推知，作者认为普通人也可以成为一名废品艺术家，故选D。
B
Monday，June 8,2009 is World Ocean Day，which the United Nations set to protect oceans.About 80 percent of life on Earth depends on oceans and coasts，and more than a third of humans live in coastal areas or on small islands.Oceans provide mankind with more than $21 trillion every year in goods and services，including food，energy，transportation and fun.
But oceans are increasingly under threat from pollution，overfishing，destruction of habitats，and the effects of increased CO2.Here are some tips to preserve the oceans for future generations.
Reduce your plastic use.Plastic waste forms large floating islands in the middle of oceans，giving off toxins (毒素)and killing sea life，including turtles，birds，and fish.Instead of plastic ones，use reusable shopping bags.
________ Overfishing affects the majority of the world's fisheries.So choose sustainable (可持续的)seafood at a store or a restaurant.
Choose environmentally friendly household cleaners！Besides being better for your own health，these products are safer for the environment since what goes down the drain can end up in our oceans.
Do background research before going on a beach-holiday.Before you stay in a hotel on the coast，ask staff what happens to their waste water and swimming pool water，and if they get their restaurant fish from sustainable sources.
Keep your beach visit clean.When visiting the beach，take your trash with you and leave plants，birds and wildlife alone so everyone can enjoy them.
Celebrate oceans.Take part in activities that restore and celebrate oceans.Support organizations that work to protect oceans.
Also you can ask people around you to join you in protecting oceans.
【解题导语】 海洋对人类的作用不可小视，但是近年来海洋的污染日益加剧，本文告诉大家如何保护海洋。
4．We can infer from the first paragraph that ________.
A．oceans are important to humans
B．all living things on Earth depend on oceans and coasts
C．half of humans live in coastal areas or on small islands
D．World Ocean Day was set up by the United States
解析：选A 推理判断题。本段强调了海洋对人类的重要性。
5．The underlined word “preserve” in the 2nd paragraph is the closest in meaning to“ ________ ”．
A．recover B．face
C．enlarge D．protect
解析：选D 词义猜测题。下面给出的是几项保护海洋的措施，因此preserve此处意思接近protect。
6．What's the best title for the 4th paragraph?
A．Avoid fishing.
B．Make careful seafood choices.
C．Make seafood by yourself.
D．Stop eating seafood.
解析：选B 主旨大意题。根据“So choose sustainable (可持续的) seafood at a store or a restaurant.”可知答案选B项。
7．Which of the following tips to protect oceans is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Getting rid of waste water carefully.
B．Reducing the use of plastics.
C．Taking your beach trash with you.
D．Taking part in activities about protecting oceans.
解析：选A 细节理解题。文章中提到了B、C、D三项。A项没有提到。
Ⅳ.七选五
(2019·河北衡水校级月考)
Many people seem to love potatoes however they are cooked.But have you ever asked yourself where they came from?
It all started in Peru.There，people grew potatoes thousands of years ago.They weren't like the ones we know today. 1 The first Europeans to try to plant potatoes were the Spanish.In 1537，Spanish explorers discovered people eating what they called papas.They brought this strange vegetable back to Spain in the 1550s.
People generally didn't like the potato.Lots of other vegetables were introduced into Europe at the same time，like tomatoes and sweet potatoes，and people preferred those to the unattractive potatoes. 2 Very slowly，they spread through Europe.There is a story that King Louis XVI of France liked the potato and planted them in his royal garden. 3
So，what about chips? Well，the Belgians claim that they invented fried potatoes，although nobody really knows for sure.The first mention of “chips” in England is by the writer Charles Dickens in 1859. 4 The Americans call them “French fries” because soldiers from America went to France during the First World War and loved the dish.Now，the Americans eat over twenty million tons of chips a year.
Crisps are an American invention，although they call them “chips”．Everybody agrees that a native American chef，George Crum，made the first crisps in 1853.One day，a difficult customer wanted fried potatoes，sliced thinly.When they arrived，he said they weren't thin enough. 5 In the end，Crum got annoyed and sliced the potatoes as thinly as he could and fried them，and then added lots of salt.The dish was an immediate success.
Next time you are in your favourite fast-food place eating chips with your friends，amaze them with your potato knowledge!
A．He kept sending them back to be cooked again.
B．The original potatoes were smaller and tasted bitter.
C．They were found to be a good source of vitamins，surprisingly.
D．He mentioned “chips of potato” fried in oil in one of his books.
E．He asked the fried potatoes to be mixed with butter and cheese.
F．Ordinary people stole them and planted them in their own gardens.
G．They were given to slaves and prisoners，because they were so cheap.
【解题导语】 许多人似乎都很喜欢土豆，不管它们的烹饪方式是什么。但你有没有想过土豆来自哪里？本文介绍了土豆的起源。
1．解析：选B 根据上文中的“There，people grew potatoes thousands of years ago.They weren't like the ones we know today.”可知，人们在数千年前种植的土豆和我们今天所知道的土豆不一样。B项(原来的土豆比较小，味道也比较苦)符合语境，故选B。
2．解析：选G 根据上文中的“People generally didn't like the potato.Lots of other vegetables were introduced into Europe at the same time，like tomatoes and sweet potatoes，and people preferred those to the unattractive potatoes.”可知，人们一般不喜欢土豆，许多其他的蔬菜同时被引入欧洲，像西红柿和甘薯，人们更喜欢这些而不是那些没有吸引力的土豆。G项(因为它们很便宜，所以都被分给奴隶和囚犯吃)符合语境，故选G。
3．解析：选F 根据上文中的“There is a story that King Louis XVI of France liked the potato and planted them in his royal garden.”可知，曾经有一个故事说法国国王路易十六喜欢土豆，把它们种在他的皇家花园里。F项(普通人偷了它们，把它们种在自己的花园里)符合语境，且与上文存在逻辑上的衔接，故选F。
4．解析：选D 根据上文中的“The first mention of‘chips'in England is by the writer Charles Dickens in 1859.”可知，在英国“炸土豆条”是由作家查尔斯·狄更斯于1859年首次提及的。D项(他在他的一本书中提到了油炸“土豆条”)与该句存在语意及逻辑上的衔接，故选D。
5．解析：选A 根据上文中的“One day，a difficult customer wanted fried potatoes，sliced thinly.When they arrived，he said they weren't thin enough.”可知，有一天，一个难缠的顾客想要油炸的切成薄片的土豆，但当土豆端上来后那个顾客却说它们不够薄。A项(他不停地要求把土豆送回去重新做)与该句存在语意及逻辑上的衔接，故选A。
课件77张PPT。Section Ⅲ Learning about
Language & Using Language练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2 语篇理解Duringawarevividcleaninghangingslidingshowingwaitingscaredlimitless状语主动定语宾语表语定语时间状语记单词 记短语 记句型 3 基础梳理targetreflectreflectionpurepurelyawareawarenessvividvividlyneatneatlynarrownarrowlysharpsharplytastytastescarescaredbe/become aware ofupside down(be) scared to deaththe waving long thin seaweedthat hid inshowingeach about one and ahalf metres longwherethere was研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析reflectedreflectionreflectingIt iswhat is reflectedthata habit of reflecting on how you learnyou developaway/offscaredtowas scared of going acrossa scary/scaring snakeofdoingaware后加ofbe aware ofbe aware ofhad a narrow escapeto narrow the gapupside downarewillnot onlybut also随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练reflectstargetawareneatscarednarrowvividlytastyAntarcticshallowhas been/become aware of the factWith many things to doNot only the students but also the teacherwhere there is a problem，there is alwaysa solutionstop him from going to Mount Taimore expensive than othersThat's why it'sword部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Unit 3 Under the sea
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2019·江西南昌校级月考)The lion was lucky that it just missed being caught (catch)．
2．He enjoys being praised (praise) by others.
3. _Having been told (tell) many times，he still couldn't understand what the professor said.
4．Everyone has the right to speak，but not every idea is worth putting (put) into practice.
5. Being exposed (expose) to the sunlight for too much time will do harm to your skin.
6．We have to go now，for we can't risk being punished (punish) by our teacher.
7．What frustrated Lily most was her not being allowed (allow) to go abroad alone.
8．As is known to us all，the children's being educated (educate) in a good atmosphere is what all parents wish for.
9. Being watched (watch) by a crowd of people，Shirley felt nervous，not knowing what to say.
10．(2019·江苏著名重点中学模拟)Do you still remember being invited (invite) to our school to give a lecture about protecting the environment two years ago?
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2019·山东济南高二下期末)
The 30 miles of road winds its way through the mountains of Logan Canyon.It is enough to make most drivers frightened.
But Roger Andersen，a 46-year-old father of four，hadn't expected any trouble on the road on last New Year's Eve when he set off for a ski trip to the Bear River Mountains with his three children.The weather was good for travelling on the slopes(坡)，but the higher they drove，the steeper the roads became.All of a sudden，the car ran toward the cold Logan River out of control and sank into the water.
There was no time to tell the kids what to do.Within seconds，the car was filled with water.“It was frightening that we were completely underwater so fast，” remembers Andersen.Confused about the directions，Andersen began to search the freezing water for the kids，but however hard he tried he couldn't find them.“If I don't get out，maybe none of us are able to get out.” Andersen got out of his seat belt，swam through a broken window to the surface.That was when he saw a group of men，about ten in all，appear on the road.One after another，they raced down and jumped into the water，shouting，“Who else is in the car？” Andersen says thankfully，“It was like the sight of angels.”
As the kids fully recovered in the following weeks，Andersen felt eager to thank the men who had saved them.He was surprised to learn that the group was a search-and-rescue team，who knew how to help the kids stay alive.
“It's just unbelievable that you'd have so many people there who knew how to do it，” says Andersen.“Many people have asked me，‘Did you witness a miracle (奇迹) there？'I always say，‘I witnessed dozens.’”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Roger Andersen和三个孩子外出旅行却遭遇车祸，危难情况下多亏了救援人员的及时帮助，他们才得以死里逃生。
1．At the beginning of the ski trip，Roger Andersen ________.
A．started his travel with a good feeling
B．was too tired to drive his car
C．was afraid of driving on the steep road
D．prepared for the possible trouble on the way
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第二段中的“hadn't expected any trouble on the road(路上的麻烦并没有提前预料到)”可知，在旅行刚开始的时候，Roger Andersen内心非常轻松，故选A项。
2．Roger Andersen drove into the Logan River because of ________.
A．the broken car B．his carelessness
C．the bad weather D．the dangerous road
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第二段中的“the higher they drove，the steeper the roads became(车开得离山顶越近，路就变得越陡峭)”可以推测出，是山区的路况导致了事故的发生，故选D项。
3．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A．How Andersen ran into danger.
B．What Andersen saw underwater.
C．What the children did to help Andersen.
D．How Andersen tried to save his children.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。第三段主要讲述了Andersen想方设法救孩子的过程，由本段中的“began to search the freezing water for the kids”，以及后面提到的他请救援人员帮忙可以总结出本段的大意，故选D项。
4．Andersen called the experience a miracle to ________.
A．stress the frightening accident
B．express his thanks to the rescue group
C．show the danger of driving on mountains
D．show his wish to help those people in need
解析：选B 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Andersen felt eager to thank the men who had saved them”以及最后一段中的“It's just unbelievable that you'd have so many people there who knew how to do it...(真是不敢相信有这么专业的救援人员在那儿帮助你……)”，所以Andersen认为这是奇迹，他十分感谢那些及时救助他孩子的人们。其余三项在原文中找不到理论依据。
B
Dolphins (海豚) live in a dark underwater world.It's often impossible to see each other or anything else around them，so the sound plays an important role in their survival.To communicate with each other，dolphins produce all kinds of sounds.
Only other dolphins understand what the sounds mean.Scientists haven't uncovered their secret communication，except for one kind of whistle.It might last less than a second，but this whistle is a big deal.Why? Because these whistles are actually names of dolphins—and every dolphin has one.Scientists call these sounds a “signature whistle”．When other dolphins hear the whistle，they know which dolphin is calling.
Dolphins often hunt by themselves but still need to stay connected to the group.Since they can't always see each other，dolphins use their signature whistles to check in with other dolphins hundreds of yards away.“In coastal areas，dolphins exchange whistles even when they're a third of a mile apart，”says Greg Campbell，who studies animals.That means dolphins shout out to group members that might be nearly five football fields away.
What's amazing is who names the baby dolphin.Not the mother.Not an auntie dolphin or another group member. Scientists believe the baby dolphin itself comes up with the signature whistle.Like human babies，a baby dolphin plays with sounds throughout its first year.While testing its sound skills，a baby dolphin is doing something amazing.It's creating or figuring out its signature whistle.How or why it chooses its signature whistle is not clear.Studies show that most of the time the signature whistle is nothing like its mother's or group members' whistles.
When the baby dolphin is about a year old，its signature whistle is set.It repeats it often so the other dolphins learn to recognize it.
Deciphering (破译) dolphins' names is just the beginning of figuring out what dolphins communicate about.Do they chat about sharks? Discuss the tides? Maybe they even have a name for people.Someday scientists will decipher the rest of dolphins' communication.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲科学家破译了海豚发出的一种哨音，这种哨音其实就是海豚的名字。
5．The sound is important for dolphins because of ________.
A．their poor sense of direction
B．their living environment
C．their strong enemies
D．their big groups
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Dolphins (海豚) live in a dark...important role in their survival.”可知，海豚生活在黑暗的海底世界，什么也看不到，因此，声音对它们的生存起着重要的作用。
6．The dolphin's signature whistle ________.
A．lasts a long time
B．can travel long distances
C．is especially helpful in hunting
D．can be recognized by other animals
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“dolphins exchange whistles even when they're a third of a mile apart”和“shout out to group members that might be nearly five football fields away”可知，这种哨音可以传播很远。
7．The author writes the text mainly to ________.
A．encourage readers to study dolphins
B．tell readers how dolphins communicate
C．show how lovely and clever dolphins are
D．introduce a special sound made by dolphins
解析：选D 写作目的题。根据第二段中的“Scientists haven't uncovered their secret communication，except for one kind of whistle.”和最后一段可知，本文是在向读者介绍海豚发出的一种特殊的声音。
8．A baby dolphin gets its name ________.
A．soon after it was born
B．according to its size
C．all by itself
D．with the help of its group
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第四段的叙述可知，幼小的海豚的名字是根据它自己发出的哨音确定的。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1.________ (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m. to 5 p．m. daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2.________she opened with her late husband Les.Her years of hard work have 3.________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 4.________ (declare) she had no plans 5.________ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6.________ (make) over the years.I work not because I have to,7.________ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call 8.________ (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 9.________ joke.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her.It's 10.________ (wonder)．”
【解题导语】 本文讲述了一位90岁的英国女士因每周仍然坚持工作而获得“年度女性奖”的事迹。
1．解析：考查非谓语动词。介词for后应该用v.-ing形式，故填being。
答案：being
2．解析：考查关系代词。先行词是the pet shop，非限制性定语从句中缺宾语，故填which。
答案：which
3．解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，故填finally。
答案：finally
4．解析：考查动词的时态。陈述过去发生的事需用一般过去时，故填declared。
答案：declared
5．解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式作名词plans的后置定语，故填to retire。
答案：to retire
6．解析：考查动词的时态。根据定语从句中的时间状语over the years可知，从句时态应为现在完成时，故填have made。
答案：have made
7．解析：考查并列连词。这是not...but...固定搭配，表达“不是……而是……”的意思。
答案：but
8．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应该用现在分词作后置定语，故填saying。
答案：saying
9．解析：考查冠词。此处表示“我们以为那是一个玩笑”，为泛指，且joke的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
答案：a
10．解析：考查词性转换。此处该用形容词作表语，故填wonderful。
答案：wonderful
Ⅳ.书面表达
调查显示，中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1 000只。假设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封100词左右的信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。
内容应包括：
1．说明写信目的；
2．简述江豚现状；
3．希望WWF如何帮助(比如：资助江豚保护项目等)；
4．表示感谢并期待回复。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am writing to you to tell you something about Yangtze Finless Porpoise.
On account of lack of human protection，the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller，only 1,000 left up to now.Most of them are dying out.Therefore，it's time we took immediate measures to change the situation.So I hope WWF will do something to help Yangtze Finless Porpoise by setting up a special fund organization or drawing up some rules on how to protect it and so on.
I am looking forward to receiving your early reply.
Thank you!
Yours，
Li Hua
课件42张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writingv.-ing形式的被动式用法第一板块单元语法being attackedBeingwoundedbeing abandonedbeingheldHaving been witnessed/Witnessedbeing yelledHaving been urged/Urgedbeing attackedhelping/tobe helpedBeing leftbeing persuadedbeing killedBeing criticisedbeing electedrepairing/to be repairedBeing led/Ledbeing destroyedHaving been threatenedHaving been forgivenlaughing→laugheddiscussed前加beingof后加beingnot后加being去掉beinglike a bird kept in a cagehate being treatedbeing exposed to such noisehaving been sentbeing discussedbeing builtwithout being recognizedbeing performed liveTom's being admitted into a famous university投诉信第二板块单元写作break downscreenhave a great effect onmuch to my disappointmentbear/stand/put up withagentmake a replacement ofhave a full refundword部分： 请做： 课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块课件25张PPT。单元要点归纳提升give witness tohad那个看见了事故的目击者答应做证人。witnessedaccommodationto accommodateto provide accommodation(s) for the homelessdepth深入地at a depth ofurgeurgentabandonabandon oneself tobeing abandonedwith abandontargethit the targetmiss the targetachieve one's targetreflectreflect on the meaning of lifeawareawarenessunawarebe/become aware ofas far as I'm awarebe aware of the potential causes of traffic accidentsnarrownarrow the gaphave a narrow escapenarrows down your choicesscarescaredfrom feeling scared to death for a momentdidn't stop me帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难can't help doing sth.can't help (to) do sth.can't help but do sth.help us outupside downmakes the room upside down duringmy absencebe doing...when...be on the point of doing...when...had just done...when...was reading a book whenhave their house decoratedleadingto dodraggedsittingstop him fromachieving his targetbeing invitedbeing reducedbeing discussedbeing recognisedbeing treatedbeing punishedbeing exposedbeing caught单元质量评估检测卷(三)
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How much does the man pay for his tickets in total?
A．$135.
B．$165.
C．$195.
2．What does the man want now?
A．Draft beer.
B．Coffee.
C．Stout.
3．When will the speakers arrive at the airport?
A．At 7：55.
B．At 8：05.
C．At 8：15.
4．Where will the man go for holiday?
A．France.
B．Egypt.
C．Austria.
5．How dose the woman feel at the news?
A．Bored.
B．Worried.
C．Excited.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What can we learn from the dialogue?
A．The woman was badly hurt.
B．The car was terribly damaged.
C．The kids were seriously injured.
7．What was the woman thinking about?
A．Getting the car repaired.
B．Selling the damaged car.
C．Buying a second-hand car.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．How old is the woman's son?
A．15.
B．16.
C．17.
9．What does the woman's son like?
A．Playing volleyball.
B．Playing football.
C．Playing basketball.
10．What's the relationship between the speakers?
A．Mother and son.
B．Sister and brother.
C．Friends.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What does the woman think of Mike's weekend?
A．Exciting.
B．Boring.
C．Tiring.
12．Why didn't Mike stay there for a longer time?
A．He had to take an exam.
B．He had to see a teacher.
C．He had to work on a paper.
13．What didn't Mike do on the beach?
A．Play volleyball.
B．Go swimming.
C．Go fishing.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．Where did the woman notice the article?
A．On the Internet.
B．In the newspaper.
C．In a magazine.
15．Where does the woman come from?
A．America.
B．Germany.
C．Canada.
16．What does the woman think of what the man says?
A．Understandable.
B．Unbelievable.
C．Unreasonable.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did the accident happen?
A．On Friday morning.
B．On Friday afternoon.
C．On Saturday morning.
18．How many teachers were there on the bus?
A．2.
B．4.
C．5.
19．What were the students doing when the accident happened?
A．They were sleeping.
B．They were enjoying music.
C．They were preparing for a concert.
20．What do we know from the talk?
A．Thirty-five people were treated at hospitals.
B．Four students were killed in the accident.
C．The accident was caused by careless driving.
录音材料：
Text 1
M: How much does it cost if my son and I go to Toronto?
W: ①$130 for you and half for your son since he is a kid under 13.
Text 2
W: What kind of beer would you like, draft beer or stout?
M: Neither, thank you. ②I like them both but right now all I want is coffee.
Text 3
W: Hurry up, or we'll miss the flight. ③It's already 7：35.
M: Well, ③it only takes half an hour to get there and the flight doesn't leave until 9：00.
Text 4
W: Hi, Mike! Have you decided where to go for your holiday?
M: Yesterday I was thinking about going somewhere in Africa, somewhere like Egypt, but my parents suggested Europe like Austria or Germany. ④Finally, I decided on France.
Text 5
M: Good news for you. You've passed the final examination.
W: ⑤Really? I can't believe it!
Text 6
M: Susan, what happened?
W: Well, three teenagers ran out of the school and stole my new car, when they were driving away they started arguing and driving the car's trailing to a tree.
M: Oh, no!
W: ⑥My car was badly damaged, but likely the kids were not seriously hurt. They got arrested but was soon sent back to school.⑦ I was already thinking I get another car. Maybe a second-hand on this time.
Text 7
M: ⑩Hello, Mrs. Lee. How are you?
W: ⑩Fine, thank you, and you?
M: ⑩I'm fine, too. Who was that young man with you?
W: He's my son.
M: How old is he? He seems to be very big.
W: ⑧He is 15. ⑨He likes playing football.
M: Does he play now?
W: Yes, he does. He plays on his school team.He is sitting with my brother over there now.
M: Which man is your brother?
W: The one with brown hair.
M: Is he on the left?
W: Yes, he is the one.
Text 8
W: Hi, Mike. Looks like you've got some sun.
M: I guess so. I spent the weekend on the beach.
W: ?Really? That sounds exciting. Where did you stay?
M: At my friend's house. He invited me to stay there for as long as I wanted.
W: Then why not stay there for a longer time?
M: ?Oh, I have a paper to work on.
W: So what else did you do out there? I mean besides lying out in the sun.
M: ?I played volleyball. I never realized how hard it is to run on sand.
W: It must be cool. ?Did you go swimming?
M: ?I intended to. But the water wasn't warm enough, so I just went fishing.
W: All sounds so relaxing.
Text 9
W: ?I read an article in the magazine about the problem of rapid growth of cities in America. I was wondering... Do you Americans carry out a birth control policy? Can Americans have as many children as they want?
M: Yes, we can have as many as we want, but most people decide to have only one or two. And some people decide not to have any.
W: Why do they decide not to have any? ?In the old days, we Germans always wanted to have as many as possible. Some still do now.
M: Some people prefer to devote all their energy to their work or to seek their own interests and travel. And others see so many problems in the world that they refuse to bring children into such a difficult environment.
W: ?It's understandable.
Text 10
Now, back to the news. ?A tour bus carrying high school children from Boston ran off a highway exit on Friday morning, ?killing 4 children and injuring more than 30 people. Forty-two music students, aged 10 to 13, from Oak Hill High School in Boston, ?five teachers and two bus drivers were on the overnight trip to Canada. They were to take part in a band concert. Andrew, a 12-year-old boy who was on the bus, said that ?all the children were asleep at the time of the accident. The cause of the crash has yet to be determined. Police said the bus went down a hill and landed on its side. Two girls and two boys were killed and several other people were thrown from the bus. ?Thirty-six people were treated at hospitals, but most are now out of danger. The school remained open on Friday. School officials were sent to the homes of the four who died. The children are very upset. Many are walking around corridors crying and hugging each other.
参考答案：1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9．B 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.B
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Join us in making a difference.We are looking for volunteers who are motivated and willing to help children and their migrant (移居的) mothers.
Education Programme—Playtime with Young Children
By assisting us in looking after the children，you allow us to run our educational workshops more smoothly.You will help to create a calm learning environment that enables our students to get the most out of the classes.Your contribution will help our migrant mothers focus on gaining the skills and knowledge needed to take charge of their lives.
Please help us to：
1．Take care and look after children who are under five years of age
2．Keep an eye on them and make sure they are safe
3．Stimulate(启发) their minds with story-telling，drawing，singing，or other activities to keep them focused
Day of the week：Mondays and Wednesdays
Time：1：45 p．m.～4：00 p．m.
Tel: ＋852 7849 1603
*Age requirement：18 or above.
*Volunteers with experience in childcare are preferred.
*Please wear comfortable clothing and shoes.
Supplies Collection Day—Sorting Supplies and Babysitting
We need volunteers to help with sorting and distributing supplies and with babysitting.Please help us look after children who are three years old and under by making sure they're safe and stimulated by storytelling，drawing，singing or dancing.
Day of the week：Once a month，on a Friday
Time：10：00 a.m.～4：00 p．m.
Tel：＋852 3217 1094
*Age requirement：18 or above.
*Please wear comfortable clothing and shoes.
Outreach Programme—Outreach Ambassador
We are trying to raise public awareness on maternity (孕妇的) rights for female workers by running information desks or community events.We need people to help prepare and assist with these events.
Come and join us!
Date：Weekends
Time：12：00 p．m.～4：00 p．m.(Time may vary depending on different events)
Location：Hong Kong Island / Kowloon / Yuen Long
Tel：＋852 6427 7932
*Age requirement：16 or above.
*Please wear comfortable clothing and shoes.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了几个招募志愿者的组织信息。
21．If you want to volunteer for the Education Programme，you should be there on ________.
A．Fridays
B．Weekends
C．Thursdays
D．Mondays and Wednesdays
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据Education Programme提供的时间信息“Day of the week：Mondays and Wednesdays”可知，需要周一和周三工作，所以D项正确。
22．What does Supplies Collection Day need volunteers to do?
A．Teach migrant mothers skills and knowledge.
B．Distribute supplies and look after young children.
C．Prepare and assist with events about maternity rights.
D．Help children focus on arts classes.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据Supplies Collection Day的内容可知，他们需要志愿者来帮助整理和分发补给品以及照看孩子并确保他们是安全的；通过讲故事、画画、唱歌或跳舞来启发他们，所以B项正确。
23．These three programmes all require volunteers to ________.
A．have experience in the relevant field
B．be eighteen years old or above
C．wear comfortable clothing and shoes
D．show up in the afternoon
解析：选C 细节理解题。仔细阅读全文可知，这三个项目信息的最后都标注了“*Please wear comfortable clothing and shoes.”，提醒志愿者穿舒服的衣服和鞋子，故C项正确。
B
A local bus driver decided to use her hobby of crocheting (用钩针编织) to do great things for the kids she drives to Summit Elementary School.Trudy Serres，who works for Oconomowoc Transport Company，decided before Easter to crochet every child on her bus a stuffed (填充的) animal.Each child got to pick their own stuffed animal.
Serres got the idea through her habit of crocheting to pass the time while waiting to take her elementary school students home.“The kids would see me crocheting，and they would always ask to see the finished product，” Serres said.“Then one little boy asked for a taco (墨西哥玉米卷)．It all started with a taco.He said，‘Do you think you could do a taco？’and I said，‘I probably could.’” The boy dared her that she couldn't，so Serres crocheted the taco—never realizing he would share it with everyone on the bus.“He showed every student on this bus what Miss Trudy made and gave to him，so I couldn't do it just for one，” Serres said.
The bus driver then asked the students what they would want.At first，it was mostly fourth graders on her bus asking.One younger girl said she knew what she wanted when she reached fourth grade.I turned around and looked at her and said，“Who's saying I'm only doing it for fourth grade？” Serres said.The students then got to pick what they wanted，along with colors and other details.Serres said she made 34 of them，starting before Easter and finishing a short time before school stopped for the summer.
Parents told Serres that their children have taken them to church or on vacation; some even won't go to sleep unless they have their crocheted toy with them.“I didn't think it would go this far，but I'm glad you guys actually like them，”Serres told the parents.Serres said she is already thinking about what she will make for the kids next year.
【解题导语】 文章讲述了美国的一名公交司机用她的编织爱好为坐她车的孩子们做毛绒玩具，并受到大家喜爱的事。
24．From the text we can learn that Trudy Serres ________.
A．made a living by crocheting for many years
B．was invited to spend Easter at Summit Elementary School
C．liked to kill time by playing with stuffed animals with the students
D．was a bus driver for the Oconomowoc Transport Company
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Trudy Serres，who works for Oconomowoc Transport Company...”可知D项正确；文章没有提到Trudy Serres是以钩针编织为生的，这只是她的爱好，A项错误；同理，B项“Trudy Serres被邀请去Summit小学过复活节”和C项“喜欢和学生们玩填充动物玩具来打发时间”均在文中找不到相关信息，故排除。
25．What made Serres start her “crocheting project”？
A．More and more students asked to see her crocheting.
B．A boy challenged her that she couldn't crochet a taco.
C．Waiting to pick up students was so boring.
D．Students on the bus asked her to crochet toys for them.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Then one little boy asked for a taco(墨西哥玉米卷). It all started with a taco.”可知，有一个男孩向Trudy Serres发出挑战，认为她无法织出一个墨西哥玉米卷玩具，而Trudy Serres也试着证明自己可以，故此可以看作是Trudy Serres“编织工程”的起点，故选B。
26．Which of the following is the correct order for the events in the third paragraph?
①Students told Serres what they wanted.
②Serres asked students in the fourth grade what they wanted.
③Serres completed 34 products before the summer vacation.
④Serres promised to crochet for students of other grades.
A．③②④① B．②④①③
C．④②①③ D．②①④③
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的内容可知，Trudy Serres问车上的孩子想要什么，他们大部分都是四年级的学生，继而一个不是四年级的女孩说她知道自己上了四年级后想要什么；Trudy Serres说自己不只为四年级的孩子做玩具；然后学生们详细地告诉Trudy Serres自己想要的玩具，最终Trudy Serres在暑假前完成了34个作品，故选项B的顺序正确。
27．What can we infer from the text?
A．Serres aimed to change children's lives.
B．Serres put a lot of effort into taking care of children.
C．Serres will continue her corcheting the following year.
D．Parents didn't much like Serres's corcheting.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句“Serres said she is already thinking about what she will make for the kids next year.”可知，Serres已经在想来年为孩子们制作什么了，可以推知她来年还要继续自己的编织，C项正确。
C
A number of sperm whales (a kind of whale) were washed up on North Sea shores last year.A total of 30 whales died on British，German，Dutch and French coasts.The whales may belong to a group that came to the North Sea together.While searches for evidence are still being carried out，there is no proof that the deaths were caused by humans.The authorities had problems making the beaches safe as curious tourists arrived to take photos of themselves with the whales.
Scientists are trying to find out why the sperm whales got into the rather shallow North Sea.Normally，they move around in the deeper waters of the Atlantic Ocean，hunting for food at depths of about 1,000 to 1,500 metres.For some unknown reason they died while hunting squid(乌贼)and couldn't survive in shallow water.Once they entered the North Sea they couldn't escape.
Some experts say that sound waves possibly caused by the sound of wind farms may have led the mammals off course.Others claim that solar flares(太阳耀斑) may have interfered with their journey，while another reason may be the lack of food in the Atlantic that made them travel to other areas.
Sperm whales often travel in groups and stay together.The whales that ended up dead in the North Sea were all males.Males move to cooler regions when they become adults，while female sperm whales stay in warmer waters the whole year.
Scientists say that the death of sperm whales in the North Sea does not happen by chance.Records show that several whales have been found on North Sea coasts in the past，and scientists also predict that such incidents are likely to happen more often in the future.
Sperm whales are among the largest mammals in the world and they can weigh up to 45 tons.About 200,000 of them still live in oceans around the world.While it is very difficult to monitor whales in the open ocean，they are watched closely by humans when they get near the shores.
【解题导语】 据报道，30头抹香鲸在北海海岸搁浅死亡。通常情况下抹香鲸在深水区域活动，对于此次出现在北海海岸，科学家提出来很多观点，并且这一现象在未来还有可能发生。
28．What do we know about sperm whales from the text?
A．They are social animals and often stay in groups.
B．They are believed to be one of the deepest diving animals.
C．They are now in danger because of human activities.
D．They often travel to warmer waters to hunt for food.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sperm whales often travel in groups and stay together.”可知，抹香鲸是群居动物，故A项正确。根据第二段中的“...in the deeper waters of the Atlantic Ocean...”可知，抹香鲸通常在大西洋深处水域潜水，并没有说明它们是最深的潜水动物，所以B项错误；根据第一段中的“...there is no proof that the deaths were caused by humans”可知，没有证据表明抹香鲸的死亡是人类造成的，所以C项错误；根据第二段中的“...hunting for food at depths...”可知，它们经常在较深的水域觅食，所以D项错误。
29．Why did the group of sperm whales come to the North Sea?
A．Because they got lost and entered by mistake.
B．Because they were in the process of searching for food.
C．Because strong waves led them off course.
D．Because solar flares greatly affected their communication with each other.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...they died while hunting squid(乌贼)and...”可知，它们死于追逐乌贼，故B项正确。抹香鲸并不是走丢了，而是由于一些因素导致它们偏离了航线，所以A项错误；根据第三段中的“...sound waves possibly caused by the sound of wind farms...”可知，可能是风电场的声音引起的声波导致这些哺乳动物偏离了航线，所以C项错误；根据第三段中的“...may have interfered with their journey...”可知，可能是太阳耀斑干扰了它们的行程，并不是影响了它们的沟通，所以D项错误。
30．What is scientists’opinion on the occurrence of the sperm whales’ death?
A．It is in fact a coincidence.
B．They will be better protected by humans.
C．There might be more such cases in the future.
D．Such deaths often happen in the Atlantic Ocean.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...happen more often in the future.”可知，此类事件可能在未来还会发生，故选C。根据第五段中的“Scientists say that the death of sperm whales in the North Sea does not happen by chance.”可知，抹香鲸出现在北海海岸是有原因的，并不是偶然发生的，所以A项错误；B、D项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
31．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Sperm Whales Hunting for Food in the Atlantic Ocean
B．Sperm Whales Washed up on North Sea Coast
C．A Number of Sperm Whales Live in the North Sea
D．Sperm Whales Died Due to Bad Weather
解析：选B 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“...were washed up on North Sea shores...”可知，本文主要介绍抹香鲸被冲上北海海岸，故B项正确。
D
Most people know the basic story of Roger Bannister，who，on May 6,1954，broke through the four-minute barrier with a time of three minutes，fifty-nine and four-tenths of a second.But it was not until I decided to write about him for my book Practically Radical，and read a remarkable account of his exciting adventures by the British journalist and runner John Bryant，that I understood that he was not just one of the great athletes of the past century，but an innovator and a great success.
Bryant reminds us that runners had been chasing (努力获得)the goal seriously since at least 1886，and that the challenge involved the most brilliant coaches and gifted athletes in North America，Europe，and Australia.“For years runners had been struggling against the clock，but the elusive four minutes had always beaten them，” John Bryant notes.“It had become as much a psychological barrier as a physical one.And like an unconquerable mountain，the closer it was approached，the more frightening it seemed.”
The experts believed that the mark would fall only when it would have to be in perfect weather—68 degrees and no wind，and on a particular kind of track—hard，dry clay—and in front of a huge，cheerful crowd urging the runner on.But Bannister did it on a cold day，on a wet track，at a small meet in Oxford，England，before a crowd of just a few thousand people.
When Bannister broke the mark，many people breathed a sigh of relief.At last，somebody did it! And once they saw it could be done，they did it too.Just 46 days after Bannister's feat，John Landy，an Australian runner，broke the barrier again，with a time of 3 minutes 58 seconds.Then，just a year later，three runners broke the four-minute barrier in a single race.Over the last half century，more than a thousand runners have conquered a barrier that had once been considered hopelessly out of reach.
How is it that so many runners broke the four-minute barrier after Bannister became the first to do it? Two Wharton School professors explained that what changed was the mental model.The runners of the past had been held back by a mindset that said they could not surpass (超过) the four-minute mile.When that limit was broken，the others saw that they could do something they had previously thought impossible.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要解读四分钟跑完一英里的纪录多年没被打破的原因以及给它人们带来的启示。
32．What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph?
A．He felt sad at the news of Roger Bannister's passing away.
B．He came to realize what Roger Bannister was exactly like.
C．He admired Roger Bannister for his great success in sports.
D．He was a person who liked to face various challenges.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But it was not until I decided to write about him for my book Practically Radical，and read a remarkable account of his exciting adventures by the British journalist and runner John Bryant，that I understood that he was not just one of the great athletes of the past century，but an innovator and a great success.”可知，作者直到写书时才认识到Roger Bannister是一个什么样的人，故选B。
33．What does the underlined word “elusive” in the second paragraph mean?
A．Be painful to admit.
B．Be not worth trying.
C．Be difficult to achieve.
D．Be impossible to accept.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the challenge involved the most brilliant coaches and gifted athletes”和“For years runners had been struggling against the clock”以及画线词后的“a psychological barrier”“an unconquerable mountain”可知，“四分钟障碍”是难以打破的。elusive意为“难以实现的”，故选C。
34．According to the experts，what is the main factor of breaking the record?
A．Enough training.
B．Proper equipment.
C．Certain circumstances.
D．Extraordinary abilities.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the mark would fall only when it would have to be in perfect weather—68 degrees and no wind，and on a particular kind of track—hard，dry clay—and in front of a huge，cheerful crowd urging the runner on”可知，专家们认为只有在一定的条件下纪录才可能被打破，故选C项。
35．What does the author want to tell us in the text?
A．Make great efforts to pursue dreams.
B．Step out from the traditional thoughts.
C．Seize every opportunity to improve oneself.
D．Be aware of the possible unexpected results.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“Two Wharton School professors explained that what changed was the mental model...”可知，是思维禁锢了人们的行为，人们应该挣脱传统思想的束缚，故选项B符合文意。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to“go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈)． 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D． To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D．
A．Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B．So what are you waiting for?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F．Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G．All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了新鲜空气对身体的保健作用。
36．解析：选E 本句为承上启下句。上句提到人们告诉我们应出去呼吸新鲜空气，下句的关键信息“the answer is a big YES”是对某个问题作出的回答，由此可判断空处应是一个一般疑问句，故E项“But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said？”符合语境。
37．解析：选A 本句为细节支撑句。本段陈述了呼吸洁净的室外空气使身体受益，因此A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。
38．解析：选G 本句为细节支撑句。上句提到人们开始研究自然界和治愈之间的联系，G项“在全国范围内，康复中心已经开始建设康复花园”是对上句的延伸，且下句中的“these places”指代的就是G项中的“Healing Gardens”。我们可以从意义和词语指代两方面的暗示来解题。
39．解析：选C 本句为细节支撑句。前文提到“Greenery is good for us.”，C项与前文在意义上构成递进关系，解释了绿色植物为人体带来益处。且与下句“It gives us a great feeling of peace.”意思上承接。
40．解析：选D 本句为段落主题句。本段陈述了阳光对人体的好处，因此段落主题应为D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是有阳光照拂”。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few weeks ago，Warren was writing the invitations for their coming marriage ceremony with Jones.They mistakenly used an old 41 for Jones's aunt and uncle in nearby Eugene，Oregon.But when a lady 42 the misaddressed mail，she didn't just 43 it into the garbage can like many folks would have done.She 44 opened the envelope and noticed on the card，there was a “Star Trek” reference(标识) which included some 45 ，“Live longer and more happily.” Then the lady took some time to return the 46 ，along with a note，“I wish I 47 you.This is going to be my 48 —go and have dinner on me.I've been married for 40 years—it gets better with age.”
Warren told her local reporter that she was 49 confused by the returned mail when opening it.“But after I saw the note，I was just 50 and blessed that she would do that for a stranger，” Warren said.“Jones was 51 why someone was sending us 52 .Then I read the message to him，and he was shocked but 53 .”
Thinking that the 54 stranger also included $20 as a little gift for the wedding，the young couple decided to put the $20 to 55 use by going out to eat as the lady said with a friend who won't attend the 56 .
Warren and Jones still don't know the name of the kind lady，but Warren sent a thank-you note to the 57 address to let the sender know how much her generosity was 58 .The young couple plan to 59 in June and thanks to the kindness of a stranger，their marriage is already off to a (n) 60 start.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Warren和Jones按照Jones的叔叔和婶婶的旧地址错把结婚请柬寄出去，一个女士收到后给他们回了邮件并附上20美元作为礼物，这成了他们甜蜜婚姻的开始。
41．A.photo B．address
C．envelope D．parcel
解析：选B 根据下文中的“when a lady 42 the misaddressed mail”可知，此处指的是Warren和Jones将结婚请柬误寄到了Jones的叔叔婶婶的旧地址，故选B项。photo“照片”；address“地址”；envelope“信封”；parcel“包裹”。
42．A.wrote B．searched
C．received D．finished
解析：选C 根据下文说到的那位女士回邮件的内容可知，此处是指她收到邮件，故选C项。write“写”；search“寻找”；receive“收到”；finish“结束”。
43．A.throw B．divide
C．change D．place
解析：选A 根据下文的内容可知，此处表示那位女士没有将结婚请柬扔进垃圾桶，故选A项。
44．A.naturally B．unconcernedly
C．suddenly D．carefully
解析：选D 根据语境可知，那位女士应该是小心地把信封打开，故选D。naturally“自然地”；unconcernedly“不关心地”；suddenly“突然”；carefully“小心地”。
45．A.words B．choices
C．letters D．pictures
解析：选A 根据空后的“Live longer and more happily.”可知，那位女士看到卡片上写的话(words)，故A项符合语境。
46．A.suggestion B．requirement
C．invitation D．request
解析：选C 根据第一句中的“writing the invitations”可知，此处表示那位女士回复请柬，故选C。suggestion“建议”；requirement“要求”；invitation“邀请，请柬”；request“请求”。
47．A.forgot B．knew
C．forgave D．needed
解析：选B 根据上文中的“mistakenly”“the misaddressed mail”可推知，此处要表达的意思是“我希望我认识你”。故选B。
48．A.congratulations B．opportunities
C．expectations D．decisions
解析：选A 根据常识可知，收到结婚请柬的人应该是给对方祝福，故选项A符合语境。congratulation“祝贺”；opportunity“机会”；expectation“期望”；decision“决定”。
49．A.gradually B．regularly
C．firstly D．finally
解析：选C 根据下文中的“But after I saw the note”可知，刚打开邮件时，Warren感到很迷惑，故选C项。
50．A.excited B．frightened
C．worried D．surprised
解析：选D 根据上文中的“she was 49 confused by the returned mail...”及空后的“she would do that for a stranger”可知，此处表示Warren很惊讶，故选D项。
51．A.believing B．wondering
C．considering D．realizing
解析：选B 根据上文内容可知，收到陌生人的礼物，Jones自然想知道(wondering)为什么有人给他们钱。
52．A.flowers B．money
C．clothes D．food
解析：选B 根据下文中的“included $20 as a little gift for the wedding”可知，那位女士送给Warren和Jones 20美元作为礼物。故选B项。
53．A.regretful B．painful
C．powerful D．grateful
解析：选D 根据空前的“shocked but”及下文中的“Warren sent a thank-you note...”可知，他是很感激的(grateful)。regretful“后悔的”；painful“令人痛苦的”；powerful“强有力的”。
54．A.generous B．honest
C．lovely D．successful
解析：选A 给一个素未谋面的人送钱，那一定是大方的，故选A项。generous意为“慷慨的，大方的”，符合语境。下文中的“her generosity”也是信息提示。
55．A.extra B．simple
C．good D．wide
解析：选C 根据下文中的“by going out to eat...”可知，此处要表达的意思是用好那笔钱，故选项C符合语境。
56．A.meeting B．wedding
C．party D．school
解析：选B 根据上文中的“marriage ceremony”和最后一段中的“marriage”可知，此处指婚礼，故选B。
57．A.different B．main
C．new D．same
解析：选D 根据语境并结合常识可知，此处是说感谢信按原来的地址寄回，故选D项。
58．A.appreciated B．understood
C．ignored D．returned
解析：选A 此处要表达的意思是让她知道她的慷慨是多么地被感激(appreciated)，故选A项。understand“理解”；ignore“忽视”；return“返回”。
59．A.travel B．marry
C．move D．work
解析：选B 根据文中的“marriage”可知，此处表示他们计划结婚，故选B。
60．A.early B．formal
C．sweet D．fresh
解析：选C 根据语境并结合常识可知，此处要表达的意思是他们的婚姻已经有一个甜蜜的开始。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have known for years that people who exercise tend to live longer than those who do not.Perhaps one of the best things we can do for our bodies is to 61. ________ (simple) take a walk.Some people might think that walking is not intense enough 62. ________ (offer) any health benefits.They may say that playing sports or running hard would be much 63. ________ (good) because they tend to use more energy.
Walking also has many 64. ________ (hide) benefits that we are just starting to understand.One of the best things about walking is that it can 65. ________ (strength) your heart.Walking will pump blood faster and give your circulatory system a workout.This also helps to manage blood pressure.As 66. ________ result，you can lower the chance of having a stroke by up to 27 percent.
Even a short 30-minute walk at 3 kilometers per hour can burn off 75 calories for a person who 67. ________ (weigh) 60 kilograms.A daily walking routine can be a good part of an overall weight loss plan.68. ________ (study) show that about 75 percent of people who try to lose weight 69. ________ jogging will quit within six months.
Walking causes the brain to release endorphins (内啡肽) throughout the body,70. ________ helps to raise your mood levels.They also make you feel relaxed，more alert and happier.Walking is an excellent way to reduce stress and anger.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了散步对人的好处。
61．解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰动词短语take a walk，故用副词形式。
答案：simply
62．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语＋be＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.”句型，故用不定式。
答案：to offer
63．解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据语境以及前面的“much”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。
答案：better
64．解析：考查词性转换。此处表示“隐藏的”，在句中作定语，故用形容词hidden。
答案：hidden
65．解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处作谓语，而空前有情态动词can，故用动词原形。
答案：strengthen
66．解析：考查冠词。as a result意为“结果”，是固定搭配。
答案：a
67．解析：考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是a person，再结合上下文的时态可知，此处要用一般现在时，故用第三人称单数weighs。
答案：weighs
68．解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，此处作主语，而谓语动词show表示复数概念，故用名词的复数形式。
答案：Studies
69．解析：考查介词。此处表示“通过，使用”，故用介词by。by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”。
答案：by
70．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，并在从句中作主语，故用which。
答案：which
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误；每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last weekend，we had decided to spend the day in the country.The only difficulty was that thousands of other people had exact the same idea.we moved out of town slowly in heavy traffic，and at last stopped near the old farmhouse.We had brought much food to us in the car.We spread thing out on the ground near a path at the foot of a hill，and they sat down.It was very peaceful in the cool grass until we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill.That we saw made us pick up our things and run back to the car quickly as possible.There was a lot of sheep come down the path directly towards us!
答案：
Last weekend，we decided to spend the day in the country.The only difficulty was that thousands of other people had the same idea.we moved out of town slowly in heavy traffic，and at last stopped near old farmhouse.We had brought much food us in the car.We spread out on the ground near a path at the foot of a hill，and sat down.It was very peaceful in the cool grass until we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. we saw made us pick up our things and run back to the car quickly as possible. There a lot of sheep down the path directly towards us!
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是李华，你购买了一台联想牌笔记本电脑，因有质量问题，要求该公司为你更换一台新电脑。请你根据下列要点，用英文写一封电子邮件。
要点：
1．问题：电脑启动后噪音过大，出现自动关机现象；型号新，无备件，无法维修；该产品在购买点已售完，至少三个月才能更换；
2．要求：公司尽快予以更换。
注意：词数100左右。
参考词汇：备件spare parts 最新型号the latest model
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am writing to you to complain about the Lenovo laptop bought on 20th Aug.2018 at a big shopping mall in Wuhan.Ten days after I bought it，it didn't work well as expected.A loud noise appeared after it ran.What's worse，sometimes it shut off automatically.Then I took it to the seller，but was told that the model had been sold out and that I had to wait at least three months for a new one.Later on I went to a repairman.He said since it was the latest model in China，it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.I was so desperate on hearing that.How can I wait that long? Therefore，I require that you send me a new one of the same model within a month.
Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
