课件45张PPT。Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Comprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解Module 5 Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(安徽卷)While waiting(wait) for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to perform his duty.
2．It was owing to luck rather than judgment that the driver succeeded in avoiding an accident.
3．The ancient church was almost burnt out before the firefighters managed to control the big fire.
4．The old lady was terrified_at the thought of the terrifying experience in the forest.(terrify)
5．In contrast to/with me, Tom is more diligent. But by contrast, Mary is much more diligent than Tom.
6．—How I wish I had_passed (pass) the geography exam!
—So you're sorry that you didn't work hard.
7．It is pleasant to breathe(breath) the air in the mountain, so you can take your parents there when you are free.
8．We didn't dare to make a sound for fear of waking the sleeping baby.
9．He refuses to_recognize(recognize) the fact that some of his classmates are catching up with him.
10．He never gave up chasing(chase) after his dream in his youth.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Tom felt rather tired, throw himself on the bed and fell asleep within several minutes. throw→threw
2．The yellow curtains contrast to the white walls, which makes the whole room bright. to→with
3．It is not who is right but what is right which is of importance. which→that
4．I was disgusting to see her speaking to us with her mouth full of food. disgusting→disgusted
5．How I wish we middle school students do not have so much homework！do→did
Ⅲ.阅读理解
There are many ways in which human cloning is expected to benefit humans.
Dr.Richard Seed, one of the leading supporters of human cloning technology, suggests that it may someday be possible to completely change the aging process because of what we learn from cloning.
Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged.Heart disease is the number one killer in the US and several other industrialised countries.
There has been a breakthrough with human stem cells.Embryonic stem cells can be grown to produce organs to repair or replace damaged ones.Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, hearts, lungs，and kidneys could be produced.By combining this technology with human cloning technology, it may be possible to produce needed organs for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, heart failure, and other problems can be cured if human cloning and its technology are not banned.
Though current treatments for infertility (不生育) are getting a fair amount of publicity in the news, they, in terms of percentages, are not very successful.Some data shows that current infertility treatments are less than 10 percent successful.Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children.Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children.Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before.
【解题导语】 本文作者从几个方面介绍了克隆技术给人类带来了益处。
1．According to Dr.Richard Seed, we can use cloning technology to________.
A．produce more animals
B．make people live happily
C．make people look younger
D．cure people of many diseases
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“to completely change the aging process”可知，Richard Seed认为克隆技术可以彻底改变变老的进程。因此推知，克隆技术可以使人们看上去更年轻。
2．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．cloning has already been used to treat heart disease
B．we can treat a man's heart disease by cloning hearts
C．most people in industrial countries suffer from heart disease
D．more people die of heart disease than of other diseases in the US
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，心脏病是美国和其他工业化国家的头号杀手，因此在美国死于心脏病的人要比死于其他疾病的人多。
3．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．With cloning infertile couples could have children.
B．Treatment of infertility is not successful.
C．Infertile couples suffer a lot physically and mentally.
D．It is difficult for couples to have more children now.
解析：选A 段落大意题。联系全文可知，本文的主题是人类克隆技术。最后一段点明了现在治疗不孕的成功率很低，许多夫妇饱受煎熬，最后说明了利用人类克隆技术可以使不孕的夫妇有自己的孩子，因此A项正确。
4．What is the author's attitude towards human cloning?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Cautious. D．Curious.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章第一句，特别是关键词benefit及第二至五段(都是讲人类克隆技术会给人类带来益处)可推知，作者对人类克隆技术持支持的态度。
Ⅳ.完形填空
I was an unlucky nurse who had to work on Christmas Day.It was always __1__ in the emergency room on this day；so I was not expecting any patients.When I was complaining about __2__ on such a beautiful festival，five people showed up at my desk—a pale woman and four small children.
“Are you all sick？”I asked in a(n) __3__ way because they seemed all right.
“Yes，”the woman answered __4__ and lowered her head.
But when they started to present their problems，things got a little vague. Two of the children had headaches, __5__ the headaches weren't accompanied by normal body languages such as holding the head. Two children had earaches，but neither of them could tell me __6__ ear was in pain. The mother complained of a cough，but she seemed to be __7__.
Something was wrong. I didn't say anything but explained that it might take a while __8__ a doctor could meet them. “Take your __9__，please，”the mother responded. Then，I checked their charts—no address. Suddenly I knew，they were homeless and the hospital was __10__.
I looked out at the family，gathering together under the Christmas tree，smiling and __11__ with each other sweetly. Quietly，I went back to the nurses' station and told them that we had a homeless __12__ in the waiting room. It was just like God sending us a __13__ on Christmas Day. The nurses' station suddenly came back to __14__.All the nurses went into action，just as we did when there was a real __15__ emergency. But this one was “a Christmas emergency”．
We __16__ our meals for our Christmas “patients”．We also put together oranges and apples __17__ presents. Usually we just tried to __18__ the physical needs of our patients. But today，we worked hard to exceed (超越) the needs of a family who only __19__ a warm place on Christmas Day.
Later，when the family was leaving，the four-year-old girl ran back and gave me a __20__.“Thanks for being our angel (天使) today，”she whispered in my ear.
【解题导语】 本文叙述了在圣诞节那一天作者所在的医院里发生的事情。一个妇女带着四个孩子来医院假装看病，其实是为了在这里取暖，值班的作者了解了情况后和其他护士一起给这家人提供了食物和礼物。这家人离开时，小女孩亲了作者并说作者是天使。
1．A.quiet B．noisy
C．bright D．dark
解析：选A 根据下文内容可知，作者没有预料到圣诞节那天有病人，因为圣诞节病人一般很少，所以急诊室很安静(quiet)。
2．A.studying B．talking
C．working D．playing
解析：选C 根据上文提到的作者说自己是一个不幸的护士，在圣诞节还必须工作的内容可知，此处指当作者正抱怨着自己在如此美好的节日里还要工作(working)时。
3．A.suspecting B．expecting
C．forgetting D．accepting
解析：选A 因为他们看起来都很健康，所以作者用怀疑的(suspecting)方式问“你们都生病了吗”。
4．A.excitedly B．surprisedly
C．weakly D．strongly
解析：选C 根据空后的“lowered her head”及下文的内容可知，他们都没有生病，而是假装生病以待在暖和的医院里，故此处指的应是这个女士弱弱地回答道。excitedly“激动地”；surprisedly“惊讶地”；weakly“虚弱地”；strongly“强有力地”。
5．A.or B．so
C．and D．but
解析：选D 有两个孩子说头疼，但却未伴随有正常的头疼时的身体语言，例如托着头。前后句为转折关系，故用but。
6．A.what B．which
C．how D．why
解析：选B 两个孩子耳朵疼，但没有一个能告诉作者哪只耳朵疼。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是宾语从句，表示“哪一个”，故用which。
7．A.explaining B．understanding
C．promoting D．pretending
解析：选D 句中的“but”说明这个女士不是真咳嗽，似乎是假装(pretend)的。explain“解释”；understand“理解”；promote“促进”。
8．A.unless B．before
C．after D．when
解析：选B 作者向他们解释说，医生要过一会儿才能来见他们。before“在……之前”，符合语境。unless“如果不”；after“在……之后”；when“当……时候”。
9．A.money B．breath
C．break D．time
解析：选D 根据下文中的“they were homeless and the hospital was __10__. ”及“a family who only __19__ a warm place on Christmas Day”可知他们只是想待在医院里，不着急“看病”，故此处指的应是这位母亲回答作者道“请慢慢来”。take your time“慢慢来，别着急”。
10．A.warm B．cold
C．big D．small
解析：选A 根据“on Christmas Day”可知故事发生在冬天，医院里应该是暖和的(warm)。下文中的“a warm place”亦是提示。
11．A.quarreling B．fighting
C．chatting D．competing
解析：选C 作者看到他们聚集在圣诞树下，微笑着，甜蜜地聊着天(chat)。quarrel“争吵”；fight“打仗”；compete“竞争”。
12．A.mother B．family
C．girl D．boy
解析：选B 根据第一段最后一句中的“five people showed up...small children”可知，出现在医院的是一个脸色苍白的女士和四个小孩子，故此处指的应是候诊室里有一个无家可归的家庭(family)。
13．A.job B．luck
C．chance D．gift
解析：选D 根据语境可知，此处指圣诞节时出现的这一家人就好像是上帝给作者和其他护士的礼物(gift)。护士本来就有工作，所以A项不对。luck“运气”；chance“机会”。
14．A.space B．earth
C．life D．school
解析：选C 护士值班室突然间恢复了活力。因为圣诞节一般没什么病人，所以值班的护士也觉得无聊，这家人的出现使他们有事可做。come to life“使人兴奋，变得活跃”。
15．A.traffic B．medical
C．political D．history
解析：选B 所有的护士都行动起来了，就像我们在出现紧急医疗(medical)情况时所做的那样。traffic“交通”；political“政治的”；history“历史”。
16．A.took out B．gave out
C．turned out D．put out
解析：选A 我们取出自己的饭给了圣诞节“病人”。take out...for sb.“取出某物给某人”；give out...to sb.“分发某物给某人”；turn out“结果是，证明是”；put out“伸出”。
17．A.for B．as
C．on D．in
解析：选B 我们把橘子和苹果放在一起作为礼物。as在此意为“作为”。
18．A.meet B．cut
C．increase D．miss
解析：选A 我们通常会试着满足(meet)病人的生理需要。meet the needs “满足需要”。
19．A.built B．escaped
C．wanted D．refused
解析：选C 但是今天，我们努力给这个家庭的远远超越了他们的需求，他们只是想(want)在圣诞节有个温暖的地方。
20．A.cake B．bag
C．kiss D．visit
解析：选C 当这个家庭离开时，四岁的小女孩跑回来给了作者一个吻(kiss)，并在她的耳边低声说道“谢谢你今天成为我们的天使”。
Ⅴ.短文改错
When I was a teenager, I dreamed of becoming a writer. However, when I told my friend about my dream, most of them laughed on me, telling me it was out of my reach. I was real upset after I heard those words. But I choose to believe in myself. I didn't give up it and kept writing. I knew it was difficult on a way to success, and I never gave up. I'm a bestselling writer now. I want to suggest those which have dreams believe in them. As long you don't give up, your dream will come true one day.
答案：
When I was a teenager, I dreamed of becoming a writer.However, when I told my about my dream, most of them laughed me, telling me it was out of my reach.I was upset after I heard those words.But I to believe in myself.I didn't give up and kept writing.I knew it was difficult on way to success， I never gave up.I'm a bestselling writer now.I want to suggest those have dreams believe in .As long you don't give up, your dream will come true one day.
课件48张PPT。Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading andVocabulary—Language Points记单词 记短语 记句型3 基础梳理 chase refuse contrast rush nightmare terrify disgust emotion murder breathe fear 克隆 (皮肤等)布满皱纹的；具有褶皱的 翅膀 血管；静脉 burn out contrast with throw oneself on... make a sound again and again While studying at university It was on a cold November night that had not created I was on the other side of the world could disappear 研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析terrified terrifying terrified of being locked working to stop refusal up to burn down the house burns up with /and contrasting By contrasts sharply with in contrast with /to to speak in /with for fear of failure for fear that he might be fired had had been would have I had taken my teacher's advice 随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练terrified emotions rushed chasing murdered contrasted refused Fear nightmares breathe while reading It was at three in the afternoon that had seen that famous singer burnt out threw myself on a studying it ugliest terrified to create murders has done where In word部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Module 5 Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．If you get up early and run every day, it will be beneficial(benefit) to you.
2．(天津卷)Absorbed(absorb) in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching.
3．The computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
4．The man，suspected of having_stolen(steal) the jewels of the shop，was missing last night，although he was watched over by the police.
5．Sometimes we can't resist being_persuaded(persuade) to buy things that we don't need at all.
6．The reason why he was driving so fast was that he would be late for an important meeting.
7．Accompanied(accompany) by their teacher，the school children paid a visit to the Science Museum today.
8．The committee has decided to hold a meeting to discuss the matter that has arisen from_the recent changes in law.
9．I find it hard to_work(work) at home because there are too many distractions.
10．Relying(rely) on their own efforts, they overcame all the difficulties and finished the task ahead of time.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．After the plane was out of the control for a few minutes, the pilot managed to keep it under control.去掉of后面的the
2．I picked up his book by the mistake yesterday afternoon. I don't know whether he was angry with me. 去掉_the
3．She tried every means to cure her child for the bad habit. _for→of
4．The ancient museum knocked out by a sudden attack, which was a great loss to the whole world. knocked前加was
5．It is said that Bian Que was as effective as God, brought the dying back to life. brought→bringing
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
We talk about people being “colour-blind” but very few of us are.Even those who describe themselves as colour-blind are normally just colour lack.A strongly colour-blind person will still be able to tell 20 different colours，compared to the 100 or so that normal-sighted people see.
Pingelap，a tiny island in the Pacific，is a beautiful spot but one that has a genetic trouble.It is known as Colour-blind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.
Not being able to see in colour is bad enough.But one islander，Herrol，who's a fisherman，also struggles in full sunlight because all he sees is a painful burnt-out image.“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun because when it's sunny I cannot see to do my work.”
But if being truly colour-blind is rare，why is it that around 10% of the population of Pingelap live in a totally black and white world?
Well，we know that in 1780 the population of Pingelap was all but wiped out by a tsunami(海啸)．As few as 20 people survived，one of whom was the king.It's believed that he had a genetic fault that caused colour-blindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.
There is one advantage.Herrol can see well，really well，in the dark.So when it gets dark，Herrol and his friends get in their boats and hunt flying fish.They hang up flaming torches and the fish are attracted to the flames.“This type of fishing is fun，”Herrol says，“especially if we catch plenty.So even though it's hard work we enjoy it.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。平格拉普岛因很多居民是色盲而闻名。由于统治该岛海啸后幸存下来的国王是色盲，他将这一基因遗传给了后代。
1．What is Pingelap famous for?
A．A tiny island.
B．A beautiful island.
C．A mentally troubled island.
D．A colour-blind island.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It is known as Colour-blind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.”可知，Pingelap因为岛上很多居民是色盲而出名，故D项正确。
2．What can we infer about Herrol?
A．He may stay at home when it's sunny.
B．He is interested in burnt-out images.
C．He likes taking photos very much.
D．He doesn't live in Pingelap any more.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Herrol所说的话“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun because when it's sunny I cannot see to do my work.”可知，Herrol发现在阳光下他无法看清东西，所以无法工作；据此可以判断，阳光充足时他可能会待在家里，故A项正确。
3．Why are about one-tenth of people in Pingelap seriously colour-blind?
A．Because Pingelap often suffers from tsunamis.
B．Because the king had an unlucky marriage.
C．Because the king's genetic fault played a role.
D．Because the king made a serious mistake.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“It's believed that he had a genetic fault that caused colour-blindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.”可知，该岛海啸后幸存下来的国王是色盲，他将这一基因遗传给了后代，故岛上很多人是色盲，故C项正确。
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．The Island of Colour-blindness
B．The Disadvantage of Herrol
C．The History of Pingelap
D．The Advantage of Colour-blindness
解析：选A 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第二段的第二句“It is known as Colour-blind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.”可知，本文主要介绍了色盲岛——Pingelap，故A项最适合作本文标题。
B
Smoking is harmful.But as soon as you quit the habit，everything will be OK，right?
Wrong.New research has found that even if you give up smoking，the damage it has done to your genes(基因) will stay there for a much longer time.In the research，a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people.Among them，some were smokers，some used to smoke，and the rest were non-smokers.Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed—a number that is one-third of known human genes.
According to NBC News，both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes.Some people may have had the changes when they were born，but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.
When you stop smoking，a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.
This means your body is trying to heal(治愈) itself of the harmful effects of smoking.But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer.They can stay for as long as 30 years.It's almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement(水泥)—it will always be there，even when you've walked away and when the cement becomes dry.
Although the study results may make people unhappy，there is a bright side：the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.
【解题导语】 新的调查研究发现，由于吸烟而引起的基因突变在戒烟后并不会马上消失，而是会在体内保留一段时间，这些基因突变大部分会在五年内恢复正常，但有一些甚至三十年都不会恢复。
5．The fun_ction of Paragraph 1 is to ________.
A．show the main idea of the passage
B．give an example
C．make an argument
D．introduce the topic of the passage
解析：选D 篇章结构题。第一段提出了这样一个问题：“吸烟是有害的，但是只要你戒烟，一切都会恢复正常，对吗？”第二段给出了回答，接着下文便从一些调查研究的结果开始解释这个问题。文章围绕这一问题展开，所以第一段的作用是引出本文的主题。故选D。
6．Most genetic changes happen because of________.
A．people's condition at birth
B．people's bad living habits
C．environmental pollution
D．heart disease and cancer
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，一些人的基因突变是生下来就有的，但大部分人的基因突变是由于日复一日地做一些(有害身体的)事，比如吸烟，而积累下来的。故选B。
7．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to “________”．
A．the genetic change
B．the cement
C．the harmful effect
D．the footprint
解析：选D 代词指代题。根据画线词所在句可知，这就像在水泥上留下的脚印——即使你走开，即使水泥变干的时候，脚印将一直留在那里。故it指代“脚印”。
8．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．The findings are the fruit of more than three years' research.
B．The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.
C．The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.
D．The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking”可知，这些发现有助于科学家发明用于治疗由于吸烟引起的基因破坏的药物。故选C。
Ⅳ.七选五
Everyone wants to help friends when they're in trouble or have a major life decision to make.__1__ That's why it's important to consider the when，how，what and why of giving advice to a friend.
__2__ Always measure your words carefully，especially if the advice concerns love or money，and most often it will.Weigh the benefits and possible problems of your advice.People will take your words more seriously if it's obvious that you take the time to sincerely analyze their situation.
Offer choices to solve the problem.__3__ By listing choices，you can involve yourself in a discussion with them to arrive at a satisfactory course of action instead of warning them about what to do. Be concise(简练的) but specific about your suggestions，occasionally giving examples from your own experience.
Give the advice constructively. Try to use positive language. Let people know how to change for the better. Focus on how they can take steps to make their life better.__4__
Listen to your friends.__5__ If people disagree with what you say，ask them why instead of getting defensive. Understand their situation，and be sensitive to the sadness or anger they express. Even though logic will solve their problem，be aware of the strong emotions connected with their situation.
A．Speak to your friends in private.
B．Think carefully before you speak.
C．If you give advice from the heart，it can help a person a lot.
D．They will feel more comfortable if you talk to them with sympathy.
E．Get as much information from them as possible before offering advice.
F．There's no rule saying you should give your friends only one solution to problems.
G．By doing so，they're more likely to accept your advice because meanwhile you're encouraging them.
【解题导语】 本文讲的是如何给别人提供建议。
1．解析：选C 根据上下文可知本句起到承上启下的作用，顺着首句中提到的“help”把话题转到提建议上。
2．解析：选B 由本段的内容可以概括出本段的主旨，即在提建议之前要认真思考。
3．解析：选F 本句从另一个角度来阐明主题句，由空处上下文的“choices”可知，提建议时要提供多种选择，所以选F项。
4．解析：选G 由上文提到的使用积极的语言提供建设性的建议及“change for the better”“make their life better”可知，G项中的“you're encouraging them”符合语境。
5．解析：选E 由上一句“Listen to your friends.”以及下文中的“Understand their situation”可知E项“在提建议前要从他们那里获取尽可能多的信息”符合语境。
课件97张PPT。Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读通语篇 学理解 重分析2 语篇理解记单词 记短语 记句型 3 基础梳理identical cure optional absorb beneficial imaginary incredible flexible regulation resist accompany arise 头目；领导 胡说八道；胡扯 酸(性)的 抚育；养育 基因的；遗传基因的；遗传学的 遗传学 透明的 扭曲的；弯曲的 基本的；不可或缺的；重要的 成分 程序 解开 植入；插入 有争议的 有确实根据的；有效的 复制；使再现 特别的；非凡的；卓越的 互相矛盾的；相反的；对立的 缺点；弱点 道德上的优点；善行 强制的；强迫的 方便的；便利的 播种 害虫 生物多样性 (动植物的)品种 分析 嫌疑人 吐出(唾液) 手指甲 法规；规则 科幻的 (人、行为等)古怪的；反常的 样本 完好无损的；完整的 暴力 by mistake treat...as a sequence of (be) identical to rely on as follows knock out get out of control as far as we know break down bring...back to life find it difficult to have children The reason why Brave New World is still so famous is that 研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析from for beneficial of benefit to which is of benefit to all of us of for cured myself of some bad learning habits showing resistant resistance couldn't resist playing couldn't help playing on/upon to do /doing it rely on me to help you rely on it that I will help you rely on my helping you absorbed absorbing absorbing→absorbed was absorbed in So absorbed was Tom in watching the basketball match that Absorbed in watching the basketball match (机器)出故障 (身体)垮掉 分解 消除 broke into my room would break down the fire broke out break up without warning arising arise→arising it to adapt spend→spending makes it possible for us to use the Internet makes it possible that we can use the Internet why that why because because→that 随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练beneficial arose resist absorbed Accompanied cured incredible analysed identical suspects The reason why he was late was that I find it quite necessary to make As far as we know arise from/out of careless driving got /ran out of control word部分： 请做： 6课时作业
练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块Module 5 Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(北京卷)If I hadn't_seen(not see) it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
2．(江西卷)We would_/could_/might_have_put(put) John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
3．Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you had told me, I could/might/would_have_helped.(help)．
4．If you hadn't_watched(not watch) TV yesterday，you wouldn't_be(not be) so sleepy now.
5．Without war in the world，people would_/could_live (live) a happier life.
6．Had I known your telephone number yesterday，I would /could /might have telephoned (telephone) you.
7．Thank you for all your help. I don't think we could_/would_/might_have completed(complete) it without you.
8．If I were_(be) a swimmer like Sun Yang, I would win several golden medals for our country.
9．He was really busy that day. Otherwise, he would_/could_/might_have cooked(cook) for you by himself.
10．There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had (have) a second chance to become more involved.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
There are three reasons why I don't think that we are ready for cloning human beings.
Firstly, we don't know exactly what the consequences of cloning would be. For example, if scientists cloned a man, they might know what he would look like, but they wouldn't know his dominant traits. What would happen if scientists cloned another Hitler or others like him? Do you really think we would survive if this became a reality?
Secondly, cloning raises many ethical questions. Look back at the cloned man I presented and ask yourself these questions：“Do you really think that he would be a man？”“Who would be responsible for him？”“Do you think he should have the same rights as we have？” I don't think that we can answer these questions now.
Lastly, we don't know exactly what the meaning of life is. In my opinion, creating life is the duty of nature, and we must not interfere with that task because we can't understand the extremely complicated relationships among lives that are defined by nature. Usually these relationships are extremely complex. Sometimes, they seem to be so untouchable that they cannot be changed. From my point of view, we have to look at the natural environment around us. We can see that an ecosystem(生态系统) is composed of a lot of different kinds of life, and each life has its own fun_ction within the system. If we interfere with that, I think it could lead to our extinction.
Even though cloning may have a lot of benefits for humans, I think we should stop cloning because we do not understand it and can't control all of its effects. Maybe in future, we will be ready to do it, but that time has not yet arrived.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章从三个方面讲述了我们为什么不要克隆人类。
1．According to the author, we are not ready for cloning human beings because________ .
A．two or more people would have the same appearance
B．scientists wouldn't be sure about the personalities of the cloned people
C．people may not fun_ction properly if there are more cloned human beings
D．cloning has not been permitted by the government
解析：选B 细节理解题。从第二段中“we don't know exactly what the consequences of cloning would be”和下面的解释可知人们不愿克隆人的第一个原因是因为没办法确定克隆人的性格特征。
2．According to the author, ethical questions refer to ________.
A．the rights and responsibilities of the cloned man
B．the relationships among people
C．whether a person's personality is good or not
D．the education and academic qualifications of a person
解析：选A 细节理解题。第二个原因是道德伦理上的，作者通过三个问句把第二个不愿克隆人的原因总结出来。
3．According to the passage, what's the author's attitude towards cloning?
A．Positive. B．Critical.
C．Indifferent. D．Ironic.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者并不赞成克隆，对此持批评态度。
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．To Clone or Not
B．Why should We Stop Cloning?
C．A Scientific Research on Cloning
D．The Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloning
解析：选B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，全文主要从三个方面讲述了我们为什么不要克隆，所以选择B项。
B
How to Make the Most of Your Time
Time management is important in our daily life. There never seems to be enough hours in the day to accomplish all you need to do. Here are some tips that might be of some help to you.
Set up a plan. Go through a week at a time, and prioritize the things you want to accomplish. Focus mostly on the things that are important to you.
Control your stress. No matter what kind of pressure mounts on you, try to keep cool. Stressing out can lead to an early breakdown, which is definitely counter-productive (事与愿违) when you have a list of things to do. It's easier to take a 10-minute break and cool off than work all week with stress.
Shut your door. When working under a schedule, perform your important tasks with your door shut to get them done. This will ensure the time of a higher quality to get what needs to be done.
Focus on one thing at a time. Forget trying to multitask! You will lose concentration, and it will take you longer to accomplish what you set out to do.
Just say “no”．If you are constantly interrupted, and you really don't have the time to help out, just say “no”．You're only one person, and you can't save the world by yourself!
Stop wasting time on the phone. While talking on the phone, keep your conversations short and to the point, and you'll waste much less time.
Be realistic. You can only do what you can do. Don't set out to accomplish the impossible. Do your best, but keep realistic expectations of yourself.
Relax. The most important thing is to remember to take time to relax, and regroup. You need a break every now and then to keep working efficiently. Even if it's a 10-minute walk, get away from your list and get refreshed.
As people today get busier and busier, it's important for your own mental health to keep things on track.Don't delay; get your life in order now.
【解题导语】 时间都去哪儿了？人们常常感叹时间太有限、过得太快，还没干些什么，就已经花了不少时间。那么如何才能充分利用有限的时间做尽可能多的事情呢？读了这篇文章，你就会有所收获。
5．What does the underlined word “prioritize” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Choose something by thinking carefully.
B．Recognize the difference between things.
C．Put many things in order of importance.
D．Get rid of something that is unwanted.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，我们每次应安排一周的工作计划，把自己想完成的事情按重要性排列出来，把注意力大部分集中在重要的事情上。prioritize意为“按重要性排列，划分优先顺序”。
6．We should avoid stressing out because ________.
A．it may cause us to fail to work normally
B．it may limit the speed to get things done
C．we don't have energy to keep working
D．we are supposed to have a break while working
解析：选A 细节理解题。文章第三段中的“Stressing out can lead to an early breakdown...”表明，压力过大可导致身体垮掉，使我们不能够正常地工作。
7．Which statement would the author agree to?
A．Try to multitask, and we can get more done.
B．It is impolite to refuse to help others at work.
C．Having breaks regularly may delay our tasks.
D．It is wise to be aware of what we can achieve.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文中第七点的内容可知，我们应该现实一点，尽力做好力所能及的事情，故D项切题。由第四点、第五点和第八点可知A、B、C三项是作者所不赞成的。
8．By writing the text, the author would like to________.
A．ask readers to share their time management skills
B．offer some advice on how to make full use of time
C．invite readers to discuss how to improve life quality
D．persuade readers to spend less time on daily routine
解析：选B 意图推断题。根据文章的内容，特别是第一段和最后一段可判断，作者写这篇文章的目的是为读者提出如何高效利用时间的建议。
Ⅲ.语法填空
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7,000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient people's daily lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, 1.________(music) instruments and even weapons.
The 2.________(apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, 3.________ (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played 4.________ important role. The world's oldest water pipe was also 5.________(make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan 6.________(success) sank a 1,600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe 7.________ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology 8.________ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as 9.________ of the “four gentlemen” in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when 10.________(face) tough situations.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文， 主要介绍了竹子在中国的广泛应用及竹子所代表的含义。
1．解析：考查词性转换。根据词法知识可知， 名词 “instruments” 前面应用music的形容词形式来修饰， 表示 “乐器”。故填musical。
答案：musical
2．解析：考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知， 该空在句中充当主语， 应用apply的名词形式application, 表示竹子在科学和技术方面的运用。故填application。
答案：application
3．解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 “In 251 BC” 可知， 此处叙述的是过去发生的事情， 应用一般过去时；且lead与其主语 “Li Bing” 之间是主谓关系。故填led。
答案：led
4．解析：考查冠词。play a /an...role in为固定短语， 意为 “在……方面起……作用”； 由于important的发音是以元音音素开头的， 故用不定冠词an。故填an。
答案：an
5．解析：考查动词的语态。be made of为固定短语， 意为 “由……制成”； 此处表示世界上最古老的水管也是由竹子制成的， 符合语境。故填made。
答案：made
6．解析：考查词性转换。此处应用success的副词形式修饰动词 “sank”。故填successfully。
答案：successfully
7．解析：考查连词。根据语境可知， 这个技术直到19世纪才传播到欧洲。not...until...意为 “直到……才”， 符合语境。故填until。
答案：until
8．解析：考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知， 本句为 “It is/was＋被强调部分＋that...” 这一强调句结构， 故此处应用that, 强调方式状语 “by using the technology”。故填that。
答案：that
9．解析：考查代词。根据常识可知， 在中国文化中， 竹子是植物中的 “四君子” 之一。one of意为 “……之一”， 符合语境。故填one。
答案：one
10．解析：考查省略。分析句子结构可知， 在when引导的时间状语从句中， face与其逻辑主语 “people” 之间为主动关系， 故此处应用face的现在分词形式， 另外从句中还省略了主语people和be动词are。故填facing。
答案：facing
Ⅳ.书面表达
假设你是李华，在某英文网站上，你看到正在开展关于填报志愿时首先考虑专业还是大学的讨论。请根据下面所给的要点提示，用英文给该网站发送一封电子邮件，向其描述普遍存在的两种观点及其原因，并谈谈你自己的看法。
观点
理由
首先选择专业
1.可以学习自己感兴趣的东西；
2．便于将来从事自己喜爱的工作。
首先选择大学
1.学习环境对人的成长很重要；
2．名牌大学的毕业生在求职时常会受到青睐。
你的看法
注意：
1．词数100左右；开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2. 内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm writing in response to your discussion about the question: should I choose a good major or a good university first when I graduate from high school?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear_Sir_or_Madam，
I'm_writing_in_response_to_your_discussion_about_the_question:_should_I_choose_a_good_major_or_a_good_university_first_when_I_graduate_from_high_school?
Every student will be faced with the question after he passes the entrance exam to college. Some students prefer to consider majors first so that they can learn what they are interested in. It will also make it possible for them to take their favourite job in future. Those who think differently believe that the environment is important to one's development and that graduates from leading universities are often more likely to find a good job.
In my opinion, the best choice is a good major at a good university. If we cannot obtain both, the first thing to consider is a good major, because no matter where we study, we can still achieve a lot in a certain field if we try our best. It's much better for us students to combine all the factors together to make final decision.
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua
课件47张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing第一板块单元语法虚拟语气(Ⅰ) were would have seen were to be/were/should be would come Had wouldn't allow had started would be had caught had got would have been injured had not been would have would be were would/could sing couldn't /wouldn't have finished would have come had studied will→would 第一个have改为had had前加had will→would am→were could /would fly to the moon would have gone camping I were a supermanwould do anythinghad taken would have done had prepared wouldn't be 第二板块单元写作正反观点类议论文 breakthrough be used to do immoral arise focus one's attention on beneficial can be used to save It can produce valuable tissues and organs that can be used to save human lives focus our efforts on We should focus our efforts on cloning animals and stem cells to be used in medical research make it beneficial to Only in this way can we make it beneficial tomankindword部分： 请做： 课时作业
练能力练规范点此进入该word板块课件30张PPT。单元要点归纳提升of at/by to do that terrifying sb./sth. to do refusal with/and with in by to do with (that) of fearful fearless to from/by of for of for (doing) to resistance attention absorbed absorbing out of /from down up to to do doing it in into out through up had seen her off find it difficult to tell one from the other The reason why we have to study computer is that would /might /could grow had would have taken had intended had come 单元质量评估检测卷(五)
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Which does the woman like better?
A．American English.
B．British English.
C．Neither.
2．What did Peter offer to do?
A．Call a taxi for the speakers.
B．Take the speakers to the airport.
C．Buy the flight tickets for the speakers.
3．What time is it now?
A．7?10. B．7?30. C．7?50.
4．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Strangers. B．Friends. C．Neighbors.
5．What is the man doing?
A．Being on business.
B．Visiting his old friends.
C．Travelling.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．How long is the breakfast time?
A．2.5 hours. B．3 hours. C．3.5 hours.
7．What does the man want to do before going to sleep tonight?
A．Go running.
B．Surf the Internet.
C．Drink something.
8．Which of the following should be used for free according to the man?
A．The exercise room.
B．A fridge.
C．Wireless Internet.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．What has the woman been doing recently?
A．Traveling around the world.
B．Doing homework.
C．Studying to be a biologist.
10．What does the woman ask the man to do?
A．To copy her files.
B．To repair her camera.
C．To repair her computer.
11．When can the man come over and fix the woman's machine?
A．Now.
B．After school.
C．Next Monday.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．How is the man now?
A．Bitter. B．Merry. C．Surprised.
13．How long has the man known Daisy?
A．Two years.
B．Two and a half years.
C．Three and a half years.
14．When will the man ask Daisy to marry him?
A．On his birthday.
B．After he meets her.
C．On her birthday.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Who is Tim according to the man?
A．A farmer. B．A student. C．A worker.
16．How long is the man's holiday?
A．Two months. B．Three weeks. C．Thirty days.
17．What can we learn about the woman speaker?
A．She has left high school at present.
B．She is studying in a university.
C．She dislikes a part-time job.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What problem does Allen meet with?
A．School is normal and very small.
B．Hard to get along with school.
C．She is looked down upon by others.
19．What is the speaker's second suggestion?
A．Try to communicate with his new friends.
B．Try his best to join in many activities.
C．Try to offer his ideas in classes.
20．What does the speaker really imply at the end of his letter?
A．Offer his help whenever needed.
B．Do anything for Allen without any conditions.
C．Turn to their teachers when in trouble.
答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.A 18.B 19.B 20.A
录音材料：
Text 1
M: Which do you prefer, American English or British English?
W: ①American English. I like the pronunciation better.
Text 2
M: It was so nice of Peter to ②offer to take us to the airport.
W: Wouldn't it be more convenient if we just take a taxi?
Text 3
W: When does the party start?
M: ③At half past seven. We still have twenty minutes to get there.
Text 4
M: ④Excuse me. Do you know where the Browns live?
W: Yes, it's the third house on the right.
M: Thank you very much.
Text 5
W: So how long have you been here?
M: Just a couple of days, actually.⑤I'm on a sightseeing trip. You know, I'm visiting all the places of interest here.
Text 6
M: Hi. My name is Mike Adams. I have a reservation here tonight. I just want to check in.
W: Okay. Let me check here. Well, here's your key. You're in room 306.Just walk down this hall and you'll see the elevators on the right.
M: What time is the restaurant open for breakfast?
W: ⑥It serves breakfast from 6?30 a．m. to 9?30 a．m..
M: Where's the exercise room？⑦I'd like to run a couple of miles before going to bed tonight.
W: It's on the second floor, and it's open from 3 p．m. till 10 p．m..
M: And one final question. Do you have wireless Internet in the rooms?
W: We do, for $7.95 a night.
M: And every room has a refrigerator, right?
W: ⑧Well, we can have one put in your room for an additional ten dollars a night.
M: ⑧I thought something like that would be included in the price of the room.
W: Sorry, sir.
Text 7
W: Hi, Peter! Long time no see.
M: Yeah, long time no connect. It has been like a whole month!
W: ⑨I have been busy doing all the homework and preparing for the discussion in biology class.
M: Homework seems to be endless here.
W: You can say that again. By the way, I heard you were the best computer technician on campus. ⑩Would you give me a hand with my computer?
M: No problem. What's wrong with it?
W: The hard drive keeps going wrong.
M: That doesn't sound good. You'd better copy your files, in case they are missing or destroyed.
W: OK! I'll do as you told me.
M: Good girl.
W: When can you come over and fix my machine?
M: ?Why not now? I don't have any classes for the rest of the day.
W: Great!
Text 8
W: Hello, Harry.
M: Hi, Teresa.
W: My cousin Daisy is very excited these days. She is as merry as a bird. I guess something gets along well with her.
M: Sounds great. ?As a matter of fact, I am happy too.
W: Well. How are things with you and Daisy?
M: Er. Things with Daisy and me are great...perfect, actually.
W: How long have you known each other? I forgot the time when I introduced you to each other.
M: ?Two and a half years, and I know we'll eventually tie the knot.
W: When do you think that will be?
M: Well, ?I plan to ask her to marry me on her birthday, but don't tell her. It will ruin the surprise.
W: What exciting news! My lips are sealed!
Text 9
W: What do you do, Mark?
M: ?I'm a student but I'm working with my classmate Tim on a farm for the summer.
W: You won't be here for long, will you?
M: No, I'll only be here for three weeks and then I'll go home.
W: You won't have a holiday, will you?
M: Oh yes, ?I'll have a two-month holiday, but Tim and I will spend it doing a part-time job.
W: My parents didn't want me to do a part-time job. They'll take me to the Welsh mountains for a holiday.
M: And then?
W: Then I'll go to Coventry.
M: Why will you go there?
W: ?To study at the University of Warwick.
M: Oh, I'll be very near there.
W: Where will you be?
M: I'll be at Birmingham University.
W: What are you studying there?
M: I have been studying law for three years.
Text 10
Dear Allen，
?I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the following suggestions may be helpful.
First, I think you may need to communicate with your classmates as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. ?Second, it might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which usually involve teamwork and interactions with other students and are therefore good for developing friendly relationships. Lately, faced with some tough problems, you might consider asking our teachers, who can usually offer you some sensible suggestions.
I sincerely hope my advice will be of some help to you. ?If there is anything more I can do to help, please let me know.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
San Francisco is a great city. Below are some ideas for educational activities and programs in San Francisco for this summer.
The San Francisco School：Summer Programs
There are summer camps for the children from pre-kindergarten through middle school at the San Francisco School. With programs such as “Fearless Writing”“A Green World” and “Re-making Clothing”，San Francisco becomes a great place for children to learn and have fun in summer. Registration starts in spring. Call 415－749－4550 to know more.
San Francisco Art Institute：Community Education
From children to elders，all people are welcome to sign up for all sorts of art classes all year round，such as “Adult Continuing Education”“Pre-college Programs” and “A Young Artist”．Check online for schedules，class types，age groups and more or call 415－749－4500.
San Francisco University High School：Summer Program
This is a three-summer commitment and a great program preparing kids for college. It provides language and art classes in the morning and social studies such as sports and history in the afternoon. There are also fun activities such as a field day，a party night，a talent show，ect.30 to 35 tenth-grade children are chosen each summer，so you have to fill out a form. Call 415－749－4558 to know more.
Rudolf Steiner College：Summer Programs
Rudolf Steiner College has summer programs for those who want to take courses such as teaching grade courses 1 to 8.Registration is at the beginning of April.Call 415－749－4560 for more about it.
These activities and programs are usually popular，and if you are interested，get up and join us!
【解题导语】 本文是关于今年夏天在旧金山的一些教育活动和项目的广告。
21．What can we know according to Paragraph 3?
A．Time for registration is only in summer.
B．Kids can sign up for art classes in any season.
C．The school provides writing lessons for children.
D．Pre-school kids should sign up for classes in spring.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“From children to elders，all people are welcome to sign up for all sorts of art classes all year round”可知答案为B。
22．Which school offers its timetable on the website?
A．Rudolf Steiner College.
B．The San Francisco School.
C．San Francisco Art Institute.
D．San Francisco University High School.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据San Francisco Art Institute：Community Education部分的最后一句“Check online for schedules，class types，age groups and more or call 415－749－4500.”可知，San Francisco Art Institute提供时间表。故选C。
23．If you want to know more about a talent show，you can call ________.
A．415－749－4550
B．415－749－4500
C．415－749－4558
D．415－749－4560
解析：选C 细节理解题。由题干中的“a talent show”可定位至San Francisco University High School：Summer Program部分，由该部分最后一句“Call 415－749－4558 to know more.”可知答案为C。
B
Driving on up to Yosemite with my family was exciting but nerve-racking(令人紧张的)．I had never been to such an amazing national park before，yet I wasn't the most athletic person so I knew that I couldn't stick through all the hiking up and down.It actually ended up being a fun and adventurous experience.
The ride there was definitely long but worth it.As I woke up from my nap，I saw the beautiful scenery of the tall mountains and beautiful streams.The trails were made nicely for visitors.The waterfalls were breathtaking. Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts.Even though I fell a couple of times，I still had a lot of fun. The fact that my family and I spent so much time together all trying to find out which route to take and what views to watch really brought us closer together.
The great thing about nature is that，it's just you，the views，and the people around you.There's nothing to bother you and it's the best way to relax and enjoy yourself.Yosemite has 5 of the world's highest waterfalls，and about 300 lakes.The structure of each mountain is incredible；it's formed in ways that almost take your breath away.Some of them are of a deep dark color with waterfalls forming；some are formed with spots of green peeking(窥探)out.It's definitely something you wouldn't want to miss.
Yosemite isn't the only great national park but based on my experience I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends.It's a great time to bond，laugh，and take in what Mother Nature offers.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和家人一起自驾游览Yosemite 公园的经历，建议人们多去户外亲近大自然。
24．The author writes the first paragraph mainly to________.
A．introduce the topic of this passage
B．offer an example to us
C．tell us his future plan for hiking
D．describe a national park
解析：选A 目的意图题。通读全文尤其是第一段的第一句“Driving on up to Yosemite with my family was exciting but nerve-racking(令人紧张的)．”可知，文章主要介绍了作者和家人去Yosemite公园游玩的经历；据此可以判断，第一段旨在引出文章主题，故A项正确。
25．While climbing up rocks，the author was ________.
A．nerve-racking B．injured
C．pleased D．worried
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts.Even though I fell a couple of times，I still had a lot of fun.”可知，攀岩是作者最喜欢的项目，作者从中体会到了许多乐趣。C项意为“高兴的”，符合语境。
26．According to the passage，Yosemite ________.
A．is crowded with visitors every day
B．is the only great national park
C．is worth travelling to
D．is nothing but a common destination
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“It actually ended up being a fun and adventurous experience.”和第二段的第一句以及最后一段“Yosemite isn't the only great...Mother Nature offers.”可知，去Yosemite公园是一次快乐而冒险的经历；据此可知，Yosemite公园值得一游。
27．The author suggests ________.
A．keeping a good bond with other people
B．visiting Yosemite now and then
C．trying to protect the environment
D．going out to enjoy the beauty of nature
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends”可知，作者建议我们到外面去欣赏大自然的风光，故D项正确。
C
The British—and especially the English—are bad at complaining.Because of British politeness rules，according to which conflict should be avoided，people either just do not complain，or sometimes bottle_it_up and then outpour it in another way in other unimportant situations.In fact，there is a TV programme which shows the British in typical situations where they would be perfectly reasonable in complaining，but they don't.In one scene，a woman reads a newspaper over people's shoulders and the people say nothing or look embarrassed.
The British are also well-known for putting up with bad service everywhere from restaurants to airports and railway stations because the standard rules of behaviour say that it is bad to draw attention to yourself.This is why，when you travel on the tube in London and there is yet another delay，the passengers will look at each other，sigh，smile wearily and raise their eyes to heaven.They might even say，“Huh！Typical！” in a resigned(顺从的)tone of voice that says that there's nothing that can be done about it.When complaints are made，they are made in an apologetic or a humorous tone of voice.In France，on the other hand，angry passengers might riot(闹事) and burn down the subway station if they had to put up with the poor service that the London underground provides.
Americans and other Europeans，who are much more direct and in-your-face than the British，often wonder why British people always say “sorry” or “excuse me” when they complain.“It's like they're apologizing for something that isn't their fault，”they say.They are missing the point.British people are not really sorry—it is because the word “sorry” actually works as a distancing skill.This is important in terms of negative politeness and not drawing attention to yourself.If you do not say “sorry” or use other distancing words like “could”“would”“might”“possibly” and so on，you will be seen as rude.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了英国人不擅长抱怨，即使抱怨也采用一种有礼貌的方式。
28．What does the underlined part “bottle it up” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Put something into bottles.
B．Not do anything dangerous.
C．Cause problems by hesitating.
D．Not allow emotions to be seen.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据下文的“then outpour it in another way in other unimportant situations”(然后以另一种方式发泄在一些不重要的情景中)可知，此处应指“英国人不把他们的情绪显现出来”。故选D。
29．The French tend to ________.
A．tolerate bad service
B．enjoy taking the subway
C．make a complaint humorously
D．express their dissatisfaction directly
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“In France，on the other hand，angry passengers might riot(闹事) and burn down the subway station if they had to put up with the poor service that the London underground provides.”可推知，法国人更倾向于直接表达自己的不满。故选D。
30．When the British say “sorry”，they actually want to ________.
A．try not to be rude
B．apologize sincerely
C．show their feelings directly
D．draw attention to themselves
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If you do not say ‘sorry' or use other distancing words like ‘could’‘would’‘might’‘possibly' and so on，you will be seen as rude.”可推知，英国人说sorry是为了避免自己被认为是不礼貌的。故选A。
31．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．How to Complain
B．Complaining Politely
C．Poor Service in Britain
D．Politeness Rules Across the World
解析：选B 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了英国人不擅长抱怨，即使抱怨也采用一种有礼貌的方式。故选B。
D
Kanda really doesn't like to walk alone.The scientist from a research institute of intelligent robots finds the experience so boring that he'd rather drive—even though he lives close to his lab and knows that walking is healthy.“I enjoy walking with someone，like with my wife，with my daughter，”Kanda said.“But they are not always available.”
So Kanda，who specializes in human-like bots，developed a robotic walking partner that could make small talk based on its surroundings，which，he hopes，might motivate people to get out and exercise more.The bot rests on a person's shoulder like a boxy parrot.It weighs about a pound and a half and sits roughly 8.5 inches high，and is 3.5 inches wide and 10 inches long.A microphone，a speaker，and an internal camera allow it to communicate.It's even equipped with a smile.
Kanda and his team collected video from five different locations，including a garden and a shopping mall，and created a dataset of small talk topics related to each location.Then they programmed the robot to associate visual cues with specific topics.A special speech software provided the robot with a voice.Near a group of parked cars，for example，it might say，“In a big parking lot，sometimes I forget where I parked.”
They tested the robot on 15 volunteers,10 males and 5 females，who were paid and averaged about 26 years old.“Have you ever blown a puff of dandelion(蒲公英)seeds into the air？”The robot asked a participant，who smiled and responded，“Yes，I often did that when I was a child.”Although several participants noted the robot's weight，Kanda was surprised that no one considered the experience strange or funny.“I guess people enjoy new technologies，”he said.
Just like a human partner，Kanda's bot isn't perfect.It's not able to go for walks in heavy rain and，while the robot can make expressions，it can't really hold a conversation，about which Kanda is most worried.Despite its limits，Kanda was comforted by the bot's presence.“I felt a kind of sense of being with someone，”he said，“particularly when it spoke.”
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了新研发的陪人散步的机器人。
32．Why does Kanda have the idea of developing a robotic walking partner?
A．Because he wants someone to accompany him while walking.
B．Because he has never developed a robot like a parrot.
C．Because his family are unwilling to walk with him.
D．Because he is crazy about developing robots.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“‘I enjoy walking with someone，like with my wife，with my daughter，’Kanda said.‘But they are not always available.’”可知，Kanda发明陪人散步的机器人的原因是想找个人在他散步时陪他，故选A。
33．What characteristic does the robot have?
A．It can “speak” and “see”．
B．It can walk like a human being.
C．It can communicate with people freely.
D．It is much more humorous than a real person.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“A microphone，a speaker，and an internal camera allow it to communicate.”以及第三段的“Then they programmed...with a voice.”可推知，这种机器人可以说话还可以看，故选A。
34．What is necessary for the robot to fun_ction?
A．A small size. B．A boxy shape.
C．A human partner. D．A speech software.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“A microphone，a speaker，and an internal camera allow it to communicate.”和第三段的“Then they programmed...A special speech software provided the robot with a voice.”可知，这种机器人是要配备麦克风、扬声器、内置摄像头以及特殊的语音软件的，故选D。
35．What is Kanda most likely to do about his robot next?
A．To make it more convenient to carry.
B．To improve its conversational skills.
C．To enable it to walk in heavy rain.
D．To better its sound system.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句的“it can't really hold a conversation，about which Kanda is most worried”并结合全文的内容可推知，接下来Kanda将要改善的是机器人的交流技能，故选B。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Losing weight is tough.For most people，it requires a change in diet，a change in exercise habits，and a change in attitude. __36__
?Set healthy goals.
If you're overweight and want to change that，the first step is deciding what your target weight is.__37__
?Start small.
Making major behavior modifications (行为矫正) isn't something that happens overnight.__38__ Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week，and then add a little more each week.
?Track your diet and exercise.
Now it's time to start working toward that goal. The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it.__39__ Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal. Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.
?__40__
Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you've made toward accomplishing it.If you're not where you want to be，make minor adjustments.Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of. Losing weight and keeping it off is a highly personal thing.Find what works for you and stick with it.
A．Evaluate and adjust.
B．Here's how you can accomplish all the three.
C．You might as well start with your own attitude.
D．There are plenty of apps that allow you to do this.
E．What steps are you going to take to achieve your goal.
F．So start with 1～2 things per week and work up from there.
G．Write down your goal and set a date by which you want to accomplish that goal.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。减肥需要改变饮食习惯、锻炼习惯以及态度，本文从四个方面介绍了如何实现这三个改变，从而成功减肥。
36．解析：选B 根据空处的上句“For most people，it requires a change in diet，a change in exercise habits，and a change in attitude.”可知，减肥需要改变饮食习惯、锻炼习惯以及态度；结合下文各段标题可以判断，B项承上启下，故选B项。
37．解析：选G 根据该段的标题“Set healthy goals.”可知，该段主要介绍了设定正常合理的目标；据此可知G项符合文意。
38．解析：选F 根据该段标题“Start small.”可知，该段主要介绍从小处起步；结合空处的下句可知，该句介绍了第一周改变的两个习惯，并且每周增加要改变的一些习惯；据此可以判断F项符合文意。
39．解析：选D 根据该段标题“Track your diet and exercise.”和空处的下句“Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal.”可知，空处是记录锻炼和饮食数据的新方法，现在有很多应用软件能帮你，故D项正确。
40．解析：选A 根据空处的下两句“Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you've made...make minor adjustments.”可知，该段主要介绍评价和调整自己的减肥行动，故A项正确。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother used to ask me what is the most important part of the body. Through the years I would __41__ the correct answer. When I was young, I thought __42__ was very important to us as humans, so I said, “My ears, Mummy.” She said, “No. Many people are ___43__. But you keep thinking about it and I will ask you again soon.”
Several years passed before she asked me again. Since making my first __44__ I had often thought over the question. So this time I told her, “Mummy, it must be our eyes.” She looked at me and said, “You are __45__ fast, but the answer is not correct because there are many people who are blind.”
__46__ the years, Mother asked me a couple more __47__ and always her response to my answer was, “No, but you are getting __48__ every year, my child.” Then last year, my grandpa __49__. Everyone was heartbroken. Everybody was crying. My mum looked at me when it was our __50__ to say our final goodbye to grandpa. She asked me, “Do you know the most important body part yet, my dear？”
I was __51__when she was asking me this now. I always thought this was a __52__ between her and me. She saw the __53__ on my face and told me, “This question is very important. It shows that you have really __54__ your life.” I saw her eyes well up with tears. She said, “My dear, the most important body part is your __55__.” I asked, “Is it because they hold up your head？”She replied, “No, it is __56__ on them a crying friend or a loved one can rest his or her head. I only hope that you have enough __57__ and friends and that you will have a shoulder to cry __58__ when you need it.” Then and there I understood the most important body part is not a __59__one. It is sympathetic to the pain of __60__.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。母亲问“我”身体最重要的部位是什么。“我”给出了几个答案，母亲说都不正确。爷爷去世时，母亲给了“我”答案：身体最重要的部位是肩膀，因为每个人的一生中总有一些时候需要有个肩膀可以靠着哭泣。“我”最后明白了人身体最重要的部位应该是无私的，它承载着对别人的痛苦的同情。
41．A.notice B．believe in
C．doubt D．guess at
解析：选D 此处表示“我”一直在揣测这个问题的正确答案。notice“注意到”；believe in“相信”；doubt“怀疑”；guess at“猜测”。故答案选D。
42．A.love B．health
C．sound D．sight
解析：选C 从下文“My ears”可知答案。
43．A.blind B．deaf
C．invisible D．thoughtful
解析：选B 由句意可知，当“我”回答耳朵最重要时，母亲说很多人是聋的。
44．A.discovery B．decision
C．attempt D．suggestion
解析：选C 由信息词“my first”以及上文内容可推知，这里表示自从“我”第一次尝试回答这个问题以来，“我”一直在思考这个问题。make a discovery “发现”；make a decision“决定”；make an attempt“尝试”；make a suggestion“提议”。依据句意可知，答案选C。
45．A.learning B．thinking
C．growing D．changing
解析：选A 由“but”可知，“我”虽然学得很快，但是回答得不正确。
46．A.Before B．Till
C．Beyond D．Over
解析：选D 介词over表示在一段时间内。其他选项均无此意。
47．A.ways B．things
C．questions D．times
解析：选D 由上文内容以及信息词“always”可知，此处表示这些年来就这个问题母亲又问了“我”几次。
48．A.stronger B．taller
C．smarter D．nicer
解析：选C 因为“我”每次回答都与以前不同，所以母亲说“我”一年比一年聪明了。句中的“but”是重要信息词。
49．A.left B．got ill
C．died D．got wounded
解析：选C 由下文“to say our final goodbye to grandpa”可知“爷爷去世了”。
50．A.duty B．turn
C．pity D．chance
解析：选B It is one's turn to do sth.意为“轮到某人做某事”。
51．A.shocked B．satisfied
C．interested D．excited
解析：选A 上文提到爷爷去世，母亲在这时还问“我”这个问题，所以“我”感到很吃惊。其他三个选项均不符合语境。
52．A.game B．quarrel
C．agreement D．joke
解析：选A 在此之前，“我”一直以为这是“我”和母亲之间的一个游戏，没想到在这样的场合她又提出了这个问题。
53．A.worry B．puzzlement
C．regret D．pain
解析：选B 联系上下文语境可知，“我”的表情一定是很困惑(puzzlement)的。worry“担心”；regret“遗憾”；pain“疼痛”，均不符合句意。
54．A.enjoyed B．found
C．disliked D．lived
解析：选D live a /one's...life意为“过着……的生活”。其他选项用在此处均不符合句意。
55．A.shoulders B．feet
C．hands D．hair
解析：选A 由下文“hold up your head？”可知，母亲认为人体最重要的部位是肩膀。
56．A.how B．because
C．why D．whether
解析：选B 依据上文“Is it because they hold up your head？”可确定答案。
57．A.respect B．favor
C．love D．fun
解析：选C 由上文“a crying friend or a loved one”可知，此处用love。
58．A.by B．on
C．above D．for
解析：选B 由上文“on them a crying friend or a loved one can rest his or her head”可知，此处应选on。
59．A.valuable B．useful
C．selfish D．precious
解析：选C 由文章最后一句可知，此处应选C。selfish“自私的，不顾他人的”。
60．A.others B．the deaf
C．grandpa D．the blind
解析：选A 此处表示它代表了对他人的痛苦的同情。这也是全文的主题。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This summer I travelled from noisy Beijing to Wuzhen, a beautiful village in Zhejiang Province. Unfolded before me was 61.________ unique image of this water country—the stone bridge and the water flowing, all like fairy tales to me.
However, 62.________ impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open. My friends couldn't help 63.________(take) pictures of them. To my surprise, the grandma smiled and waved at us. All of a sudden, my heart was filled with 64.________(warm)．
I shared the photo and my 65.________(forget) experience with my friends. They were 66.________(simple) moved as I was, but at the same time they reminded me of the unpleasant experiences in big cities. We feel embarrassed to see people quarreling in public because they 67.________(step)on accidentally by strangers.
According to a recent survey 68.________(make) in November 2016, 45 percent of the residents don't know the names of their neighbors; 63 percent have never devoted 69.________ (they) to talking to their neighbors; 67 percent think that the relationship between them and their neighbors is just so-so, or even bad.
Wouldn't it be beautiful to say hello to our neighbors who just came back 70.________ work and give them a smile?
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者的乌镇之旅以及对大城市里冷漠的邻里关系的反思。
61．解析：考查冠词。image是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且unique的读音不是以元音音素开头的，故用不定冠词a。
答案：a
62．解析：考查连接代词。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示物的概念。
答案：what
63．解析：考查动词-ing形式。固定词组搭配：can't help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”，符合语境，故用动词-ing形式作宾语。
答案：taking
64．解析：考查词性转换。介词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，故用名词warmth作介词with的宾语。
答案：warmth
65．解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词的词一般为形容词，且此处与第二段呼应，作者和朋友们分享的是难忘的经历，故用形容词unforgettable修饰名词experience，在句子中作定语。
答案：unforgettable
66．解析：考查副词。修饰动词的词一般为副词，故用副词simply在句子中作状语。
答案：simply
67．解析：考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中by的提示可知，此处表示被动概念，且由句中feel的时态可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，即are stepped。
答案：are stepped
68．解析：考查非谓语动词。make和句子谓语之间没有连词，且和其逻辑主语survey之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
答案：made
69．解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处用反身代词themselves作宾语。
答案：themselves
70．解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“下班后回来”，故用介词from，意为“从……”。
答案：from
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last weekend I went to the Summer Palace as usually. At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake while suddenly I hear someone crying for help. I went up to see what was happening. I was shocking to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many peoples were standing by without doing anything. Without any hesitation, I had pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, but jumped into the water quickly. I managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To his great relief, the kid was saved.
I was proud what I had done. I wish everyone can give a hand when someone else is in need.
答案：
Last weekend I went to the Summer Palace as .At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake suddenly I someone crying for help. I went up to see what was happening. I was to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many were standing by without doing anything. Without any hesitation, I pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, jumped into the water quickly. I managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To great relief, the kid was saved.
I was proud what I had done.I everyone can give a hand when someone else is in need.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
作为一名中学生，你肯定经历过很多次考试，体验过成功，也遭遇过失败。请你根据提示内容，简要概述中学生普遍存在的对考试失败的两种态度，并结合自身实际，说明你的观点。
态度一
当考试结果不尽如人意时，情绪低落，丧失信心，不再继续努力。
态度二
当考试失败时分析找出失败的原因，鼓励自己，增强信心，避免再犯同样的错误。
你的观点
失败乃成功之母，……
注意：
1．短文的内容要连贯、完整；
2．词数100左右。
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One possible version：
We middle school students have had many tests or exams and have both achieved success and suffered from failure, but different students have different attitudes towards failure.
Some fall in low spirits when they don't do well in the exams, losing heart and no longer studying as hard as before. However, most students take active attitudes to failure. By encouraging themselves to be self-confident, they find out and analyze the causes so that they will avoid making the same mistake.
In my opinion, failure is the mother of success, which can teach us a lot in the process of reaching our goals, and only by tasting failure can we enjoy the fruit of success.
