2020小升初英语专项复习梳理(五)语 音
【目标达成】
1. 知道字母名称的读音;
2. 了解简单的拼读规律;
3. 了解单词有重音;
4. 了解元音字母及元音字母组合的读音并能辨音;
5. 了解辅音字母及辅音字母组合的读音并能辨音。
【知识梳理】
1、音素和音标
音素是语音的最小单位。英语中共48个音素,其中20个元音,28个辅音。音标是记录音素的符号。一般采用//或者[]来表示。
元音 单元音 /?/ /i:/ /e/ /?/ /ɑ:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /u:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/
双元音 /e?/ /??/ /a?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /e?/ /??/
辅音 清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /θ/ /?/ /ts/ /tr/ /r/ /h/
浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /?/ /?/ /dz/ /dr/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /?/ /w/ /j/
【拓展】单数名词变为复数名词加 -s或 -es后,新单词的读音与清辅音和浊辅音相关。
① -s在清辅音后读 /s/。如:jeeps/ d?i:ps/
② -s在浊辅音后读 /z/。如:pens/penz/
③ -es在/s/,/z/,/?/,/t?/,/d?/后读/iz/。如:watches/'w?t?iz/
2、音节
音节是以元音为主体构成的发音单位。一个元音可构成一个音节,一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。音节可分为开音节和闭音节。在开音节中,元音字母发字母本身的音,如:name/ne?m/, me/mi?/, hi/ha?/, go/g??/, cute/kju?t/。在闭音节中,元音字母发短元音,如:a/?/, e/e/, i/?/, o/?/, u/?/。
3、元音字母与元音字母组合的读音
a /?/ dad bag apple ant a-e /e?/ cake face name make
e /e/ egg bed pen hen i-e /a?/ ice rice like bike
i /?/ it his big ship o-e /??/ nose note hope home
o /?/ on long hot body u-e /ju:/ use cute excuse
u /?/ bus cup duck under -e /i:/ he she be me
er /?/ ruler tiger sister dinner or /?:/ for fork horse born
ir /?:/ bird girl shirt skirt /?:/ world work word
ur /?:/ nurse turn hurt Thursday -y /i/ baby windy rainy snowy
ar /ɑ:/ art car card park ee /i:/ see feet meet sheep
al /?:/ wall tall ball talk ea /i:/ eat tea meat read
ow /??/ snow slow grow window oo /u:/ food room zoo too cool
/a?/ cow now brown down /?/ cook book look foot
ou /a?/ cloud house about mouth ai /e?/ rain mail wait paint
ay /e?/ day say play Monday
4、辅音字母的读音
b /b/ bag book bird n /n/? near on open
c /k/ cake cat crayon p /p/ pear pig cup
d /d/ dog duck red r /r/ red ruler rice
f /f/ father five left s /s/ six skirt sister
g /g/ girl go dog t /t/ tea ten white
h /h/ hat hand hair v /v/ vest seven five
j /j/ jump jeep jacket w /w/ water woman sweater
k /k/ key kite milk x /ks/ six box fox
l /?/ leg like eleven y /j/ yes you yellow
m /m/ man woman room z /z/ zoo zebra size
5、辅音字母组合的读音
br /br/ bread brown brother library qu /kw/ quick quite question
ch /t?/ chair China teacher lunch sh /?/ she shoe short fish
cl /k?/ clean clock class clever th /θ/ three thank thin math
gr /gr/ green grape grow grandmother /?/ that this mother father
ng /?/ sing long young ring wh /w/ what why where when
nk /?k/ monkey think thank pink /h/ who whose whole
pl /p?/ plane play please plant
【同步训练】
一、判断下列单词画线部分的发音是“√”否“×”相同。
( )1. hand make ( )2. left desk ( )3. mine bike
( )4. nose not ( )5. museum much
二、找出下列各组单词中画线部分的发音与其他三个不同的一项。
(一)
( )1. A. no B. not C. go D. so
( )2. A. chair B. lunch C. teacher D. school
( )3. A. who B. what C. whose D. whole
( )4. A. cook B. book C. foot D. food
( )5. A. now B. snow C. grow D. window
(二)
( )1. A. can B. cap C. panda D. balloon
( )2. A. pen B. ten C. desk D. eraser
( )3. A. ship B. white C. bike D. kite
( )4. A. bread B. eat C. peach D. meat
( )5. A. near B. pear C. hear D. dear
(三)
( )1. A. think B. these C. mouth D. thin
( )2. A. duck B. bus C. cute D. under
( )3. A. arm B. warm C. park D. garden
( )4. A. chichen B. Chinese C. school D. teacher
( )5. A. picture B. cinema C. nice D. bicycle
【参考答案】
一、1. × 2. √ 3. √ 4. × 5. ×
二、(一)1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A
(二)1. D 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. B
(三)1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A