走向2020年中考英语考场第二轮复习 阅读理解 补全阅读类型（含答案）

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走向2020年中考英语考场
《走向2020年中考英语考场第二轮复习》根据大纲和中考要求编写而成的。复习内容含“选择填空”，“完形填空”，“阅读理解”，“补全对话”，“书面表达”五部分。 根据每部分的复习内容，设计了《试题特点》、《考点归纳》、《解题思路》、《实例分析》、《能力检测》等栏目，旨在帮助考生掌握考试依据，把握中考脉动，认识命题技术，提升解题能力，做到科学备考。《能力检测》训练题主要从2019年中考英语试题中精选出来的 ，针对性强，并附有答案，供同学们查对，以求及时反馈与纠正。
第二轮复习

阅读理解（补全阅读类型）


该题型的设计思路是：给出一篇短文，其中有5处空白，文章后面有6或7个选项，选择五个放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。“补全阅读”与常规的“完型填空”同属于残缺阅读范畴，但“补全阅读”已经上升到句子与文章的更高层面，着重考查学生的分析理解和布局谋篇的能力。它着眼全文，从句子和文章的大视野中来考查学生的阅读能力，只有读懂全文，洞悉脉络，理清思路，方能相互匹配，对号入座。

做这种题可从以下几方面入手：
1）先预测选项，注意抓选项主干，猜测选项的大致意思;同时要注意连词，代词，名词，形容词，副词等的出现。
2）回到原文中看看空白处所在的位置。如果是在段首句，也许意味着是中心主题句，如果是在段尾句，也许意味着是中心主题句或是细节论述;如果是在段中，意味着是细节论述。
3）根据空白处的前后句的意思，按先易后难的顺序将原文恢复原貌。做完之后在把文章看一遍，检查一下所填的顺序是否符合文章上下文的要求。

请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整，并在答题卷上将其序号涂黑。
You have been thinking about it all week. It kept you awake last night. Now, as you walk to the front of the class, your throat is dry and your stomach feels funny. 81._______________ However, by making a few small preparations and rehearsing (预演) carefully, you too can be a public speaking star.
82._______________ Being excited about your topic is necessary for all the good speeches, so it's important to choose carefully. If you enjoy your topic, your audience (观众) will, too. Even if you are given a topic, try to find something about it that is exciting or funny.
Next, do some research. Don't just research your topic. 83. ______________ If you can, study video of a great speaker to see how they move, speak, and pause (停顿). Copying their style will help you to write a great speech.
After researching, it’s time to write your speech. During this stage, think of your audience all the time. 84._______________ It helps you relax if you know that your audience is enjoying your speech.
Finally, rehearse. You really need to rehearse a lot. Measure your speech with a watch, and practice in front of a mirror (镜子). 85. _______________ If you have followed all these steps, you should be ready for your audience. Good luck!
A. You are a very successful speaker． B. Research some great speakers as well． C. Entertaining your audience is important． D. Start by choosing a topic that you are interested in． E. Research is very important for writing a great speech． F. Many students find it difficult to give a public speech． G. You can check your hand movement and facial expression．
解析：
文章体裁为说明文。文章内容是帮助中学生如何准备一篇演讲的流程。
81. F 此句讲的是大部分学生发现做公众性演讲很难。
82. D 后面讲到要做好的演讲，演讲的题目很重要，所以先要选一个你非常感兴趣的题目。
83. B 前面讲的是为自己的话题搜集相关资料，后面讲的是搜集一些成功演说家、演讲家的视频。B和E都和搜寻有关，B选项更能在文章中起到承上启下的作用。
84. C 诙谐幽默的语言让听众愉悦也是很重要的。
85. G 该段讲的是你在最后演讲前要站在镜子前面演练一遍。

（一）
请先阅读下面短文，掌其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺。
(2019年江西中考试题，保留原题号）
Experts in nutrition (营养) suggest that we should eat at least five different kinds of vegetables and fruit a day. They are very necessary for our health and help our bodies work well. They reduce(减少) the risk of getting ill. There are a lot of vegetables and fruit to choose from and they taste delicious, ___________76___________
It’s easy to buy our food from the local supermarket, so why do we go to the trouble of growing our own? Here are several good reasons:
____________77____________ You can pick and eat it at once. When you have tried it, you will agree that vegetables and fruit that are eaten straight from the garden taste better than anything you can buy in the supermarket.
You may want to cut down on your “food miles” - the distance that a product has travelled before it reaches your kitchen. Many food packages are flown halfway across the earth. __________78______________
Homegrown food is likely to be healthier. Food producers often use fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides (农药) which can end up in your food. If you grow your own, things are different. ____________79____________ You might also choose to grow some traditional vegetables and fruit. These often have more of the vitamins, mineral(矿物质) and protein(蛋白质) that keep you healthy.
_____________80____________ And you can grow your own even if you only have a small backyard or a balcony (阳台). Some food can grow well in pots, including lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes and carrots. You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to grow something. Just make sure there are holes for drainage (排水) and a small plate under them to catch drops of water.
Happy gardening!
A. Best of all you can grow your own.
B. But where grow your own is a problem.
C. That’s not so good for you, or for the planet.
D. Food that you grow yourself is always fresh.
E. If you have a large garden, growing your own is easy.
F. You can control what goes on and into the food you eat.
G. So it’s better to eat more vegetables and fruit in our daily life.
（二）
(2019年山东临沂中考试题，保留原题号)
We have found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for the first time, scientists have found plastic in human poop (大便) , USA Today reported. The findings came from a study led by scientists from Environment Agency Austria._________51__________ The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for testing.
______ 52 _______About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. “The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏),” said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research. _______ 53 ________They’re not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers’ bodies, either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood that could include plastic from ocean pollution.
In fact, plastic is everywhere around us. Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean. ____________54 _________ Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil. and air. Could plastic in the air fall onto food and get into the human body?
Some past studies may also give us a clue. _______ 55 ______ And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.
根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。
A. There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plastic waste down to very small pieces. B. The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans. C. According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic. D. The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world. E. However, the scientists aren’t sure if the plastic is harmful to humans. F. Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study.
（三）
(2019年新疆中考试题，保留原题号）
阅读下面短文，把A~E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。
Volunteering is fun and rewarding(有益的), but if you want to be a good volunteer, you need to learn more. ___________61___________
*Be well-trained. Know what you’re doing as a volunteer. If you need to learn about your job. ___________62___________If you’re good at your job, it will be easier to help others.
*____________63___________Work as part of a team and make sure everyone works together and shares the work. If someone asked for help, just give a hand. If you need some help, ask politely for it.
*Be understanding. ________ 64 _________
*Be friendly. __________ 65 ________To be a volunteer, you might meet new people who want to make friends with. You might just meet someone who becomes a friend for the rest of your life.
A. Treat others like friends, and they’ll do the same for you.B. begin to do it at once.C. Try to understand what other people are facing. D. Here’s some advice on how to do the volunteering jobs well. E. Don’t try to do everything by yourself.

（四）
（2019年广州中考试题）
阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
Smoke alarms(报警器)
House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children. ______46 ______Kids must understand that they,d better not play with fire. You should keep matches and lighters out of their reach.
_______47________The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home. You ought to have two plans for getting out of your house if there is a fire and practise these plans in the dark with your family.
A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. ________48 _______Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor's house. If a family member or a pet is caught inside, you shouldn’t go back in. Firemen know how to perform rescues safely
_________49_________ Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working. A smoke alarm lasts about ten years. You ought to change it even if it seems to be working.
About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms._____________ 50____________

A. Most of these deaths can be avoided B. But when you hear it, you don t have much time C. A smoke alarm is only good if it's working properly D. So, it's important to teach them that fire is a tool, not a toy E. A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of being hurt in a fire

（五）
（2019年长沙中考试题，保留原题号）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。（共4小题，计8分）
Summer is here. One of the best ways to cool off on a hot summer day is to jump into a swimming pool. Swimming is great exercise, and a trip to a pool or beach is a good way to have fun with friends. 56．___________________________, so it’s important to stay safe as you do it. Here are a few things you can do to swim safely.
Swim only in areas set for swimming.
Don’t swim unless there is a lifeguard（救生员）on duty. If you’re on a beach near the ocean, this is especially important. In some places, fast currents（急流）can sweep swimmers away without warning. So if a sign says “no swimming”, please take care.
Be careful when diving（跳水）into the water headfirst.
Most pools have deep ends where diving is safe. In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the
water is deep enough. 57_____________________________, causing injury（伤害）or death.

Make sure you have a partner with you.
Nobody knows what will happen while you are swimming. If something goes wrong, you can get help from that person as soon as possible. In this situation, 58．_______________________.
Pay close attention to children’s safety.
Kids who don’t know how to swim should wear life jackets. But by themselves they are not enough, 59．______________ . If you have a pool at home, put a fence（围栏）around it in case children fall in. And if a child disappears, check the pool first.

（六）
(2019年福建中考试题，保留原题号）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
We should not use more water than we actually need. If we do, we will not have enough water in the future. ________ ____ 66 ____________ It is not a difficult question to answer. If we remove more fresh water than nature replaces, we have taken too much.
Many cities run campaigns(运动)to get people to stop wasting water. They show them ways they can cut back on water use. ___________ 67 ___________What's more, they carry out programs that offer money to reduce water use. For example, they give people shower heads and toilets that use less water. _____________ 68 _____________
Another threat(威胁)to our water supply is pollution. When our sources of fresh water get polluted, we can no longer use this water. This also endangers(危及) the animals that depend on the water.
_______________69______________We can save lots of water by not letting taps(ke )run while we brush our teeth or by turning off taps right after washing hands. By collecting cold water when were taking warm showers, we can also save water. ______________70_____________ In this way, we can make full use of water.
A. However, just how much is too much? B. There are several things we can do to save water.C. Finally, they make laws to control the use of water. D. We don't have to let the cold water run until it gets warm. E. They also increase water bills for people who use too much.
（七）
(2019年山西中考试题，保留原题号）
请阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。
We’ve heard about several “poor students” in the past year. Cui Qingtao, a
student from Yunnan, working with his parents on a building site when he got an admission letter(录取通知书) from Peking University. 54____________________She is a student form Hebei. She was doing her part-time job in a different city when her family got her admission letter from Peking University.
55._________________For example, they are all strong and optimistic (乐观的). Li Enhui
said in an interview, “As long as we are alive, there are no problems that cannot be solved, and many people don’t have my experiences. 56. ” Such an idea makes many adults feel embarrassed. He refused to accept donation money and decided to make money by himself. This is also the common thing that “poor students” have.
Whatever kind of values you hold, such personalities( 品格) are necessary forgrowth.
57._______________________Not everything goes well all the time. Only being strong and optimistic, can one go through difficulties. In fact, living in poor families doesn’t promise such good personalities, and living in happiness doesn’t promise optimistic attitudes(态度). We like such “poor students” because they are strong and optimistic. For them, few can choose their lifestyles. 58. _________________That’s why they are highly praised. Every one of us should learn from them.
A.Life is full of ups and downs.
B.A girl named Wang Xinyi is another example.
C.“Poor students” are usually hard-working and caring.
D.And these experiences make me grow and become better.
E.Born in poor families, these students have a lot in common.
F.However, all of them can choose their attitudes towards life.

（八）
(2019年岳阳中考试题，保留原题号）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
It was a fine day. Sherlock Holmes invited his best friend Doctor Watson to go camping with
him. They found a nice hill and put up their tent．Then they went fishing and climbed the hill．
（1）____________________They began to chat（聊天）happily．
“Watson， look up into the sky and tell me what you can see.”said Holmes．
“（2）______________”Watson replied．
Holmes asked again, “What does that tell you?”
Watson thought for a while, “It tells me that there are tons of galaxies（星系）and planets.”
Holmes continued asking, “（3）_________　 　”
Watson smiled. “It tells me that God is great and powerful．At the same time，（4）_____　 　 ”
“Oh, I think so. Is that all?” asked Holmes．
“No, as for the weather,（5）________　 　 What does it tell you?” Watson said．
Holmes laughed. “Someone has stolen our tent.”
A.They went to sleep early．B.humans are tiny．C.At the end of the day， the two friends lay down on the grass for the night．D.it will be a sunny day tomorrow．E.What else does it tell you？F.It was raining hard when they got to the top of the hill．G.I can see millions of stars in the sky．
Key:
（一）76-80 ADCFE
（二）51-55 DFEAC
（三）61-65 DBECA
（四）46-50 DEBCA
（五）56-59 CEDB
（六）66-70 AECBD
（七）54-58 BEDAF
（八）1-5 CGEBD









试题特点

解题思路

实例分析

能力检测

A．skilled kids may forget green hands
B．so an adult should always be present
C．But swimming can also be dangerous
D．a few seconds can make a big difference
E．Or you could hit your head on the bottom






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